WO2021147839A1 - 一种带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器 - Google Patents

一种带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021147839A1
WO2021147839A1 PCT/CN2021/072626 CN2021072626W WO2021147839A1 WO 2021147839 A1 WO2021147839 A1 WO 2021147839A1 CN 2021072626 W CN2021072626 W CN 2021072626W WO 2021147839 A1 WO2021147839 A1 WO 2021147839A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
needle
eccentric
baffle
syringe
neck
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PCT/CN2021/072626
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张洪杰
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贝普医疗科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021147839A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021147839A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3221—Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/50—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for preventing re-use, or for indicating if defective, used, tampered with or unsterile
    • A61M5/5013—Means for blocking the piston or the fluid passageway to prevent illegal refilling of a syringe
    • A61M5/502—Means for blocking the piston or the fluid passageway to prevent illegal refilling of a syringe for blocking the piston
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/50—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for preventing re-use, or for indicating if defective, used, tampered with or unsterile
    • A61M5/5066—Means for preventing re-use by disconnection of piston and piston-rod
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M2005/3206—Needle or needle hub disconnecting devices forming part of or being attached to the hub or syringe body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3221—Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A61M2005/3223—Means impeding or disabling repositioning of used needles at the syringe nozzle
    • A61M2005/3224—Means to disalign the needle tip and syringe nozzle
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3221—Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A61M2005/3231—Proximal end of needle captured or embedded inside piston head, e.g. by friction or hooks

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of syringes, and in particular relates to a pull-back syringe with an eccentric blocking piece of a shielding needle.
  • the existing retractable syringes mostly use a needle tube retraction mechanism to drive the needle tube to retract into the sleeve to achieve self-destruction, but the needle tip of the retracted needle tube may extend out of the sleeve again, which poses a safety hazard.
  • the present invention provides a pull-back syringe with an eccentric blocking piece of the shielding needle.
  • a pull-back syringe with a shielding needle eccentric stopper including a syringe, a core rod, a piston, a needle seat, an elastic support clip, a needle tube, and the needle
  • the neck of the barrel front end is provided with an inner partition with a central opening.
  • the inner partition divides the inner cavity of the barrel neck of the barrel into a front cavity of the barrel neck and a rear cavity of the barrel neck.
  • the front cavity of the barrel neck and the front end of the barrel The needle through hole is connected, the needle seat is installed in the back cavity of the barrel neck; the rear inner wall of the needle barrel is provided with an annular stop step protruding in the circumferential direction, and the front outer wall of the core rod is provided with a front-to-rear arrangement
  • the baffle and elastic barbs of, the baffle and the elastic barbs are matched with the annular stop step of the needle cylinder;
  • the eccentric baffle which is installed in the front cavity of the barrel neck of the barrel.
  • the eccentric baffle is arranged along the radial plane and is axially limited by the internal structure of the front cavity of the barrel neck and the inner baffle.
  • the number of the baffle is more than one, the eccentric baffle is provided with an eccentric hole, the rear end of the eccentric baffle is provided with a plurality of blind holes arranged on the periphery of the eccentric hole in the circumferential direction, and the outer contour of the eccentric baffle is provided with two The above fulcrum; the rear end of the needle tube is fixed on the needle seat, and the needle tip at the front end of the needle tube passes through the eccentric hole of the eccentric baffle and the needle through hole of the needle tube is exposed;
  • the eccentric baffle that loses the support of the needle tube will move freely along the radial surface in the front cavity of the neck of the needle tube until it reaches a balanced state.
  • the lower eccentric baffle keeps balance through contact with the inner wall of the front cavity of the barrel neck of the barrel through the fulcrum on the outer contour, the solid surface of the eccentric baffle blocks the needle through hole of the barrel, and the blind hole on the side of the eccentric hole avoids the needle tip of the needle to enter In the eccentric hole;
  • the inner wall of the back cavity of the barrel neck of the needle cylinder is provided with a protruding tooth sleeve at the front
  • the middle outer wall of the needle seat is provided with a tooth hub matched with the tooth sleeve of the needle cylinder.
  • the inner wall of the back cavity of the barrel neck of the syringe barrel is provided with an annular stop groove recessed in the circumferential direction at the rear, and the rear part of the elastic support clip is in the shape of a disc, and it stops with the ring of the syringe barrel.
  • the slots are matched.
  • the outer wall of the front end of the core rod is provided with an inverted buckle
  • the front part of the elastic support clip is installed in the cavity of the rear part of the needle seat by a snap fit
  • the front part of the elastic support clip is in a hollow cylindrical shape.
  • the inner wall of the front part is provided with a buckle matched with the inverted buckle of the core rod.
  • the outer wall of the rear part of the needle seat is provided with a sealing ring installation groove recessed in the circumferential direction, and a sealing ring is installed in the sealing ring installation groove.
  • the front outer wall of the core rod is provided with an elastic support body, and the elastic support body is matched with the rear end surface and the inner wall of the piston.
  • the outer wall of the rear part of the core rod is provided with a safety sheet, and the safety sheet is matched with the rear end surface and the inner wall of the needle cylinder.
  • eccentric hole of the eccentric baffle is provided with rounded corners along the edge.
  • an eccentric stopper is installed in the neck of the needle cylinder, and when the needle tip of the needle tube is pulled back to drive the needle tube to completely exit the eccentric hole of the eccentric stopper, the eccentric stopper blocks the needle
  • the needle through hole of the barrel effectively prevents the needle tube that can still move axially through the eccentric baffle.
  • the rear inner wall of the needle cylinder is provided with an annular stop step, and the front outer wall of the core rod is provided with a matching stopper and an elastic barb.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in a state of being used or filled with injection liquid.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an eccentric baffle in an embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an eccentric stopper in an embodiment.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a posture of the single-piece eccentric baffle in a balanced state in an embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another posture of the single-piece eccentric baffle in a balanced state in an embodiment.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment in which the injection solution is fed to the bottom.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in a preliminary state of self-destruction.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in a completely self-destructed state.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a posture of the three eccentric baffles in a balanced state in an embodiment.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of another posture of the three eccentric baffles in a balanced state in an embodiment.
  • a pull-back syringe with a shielding needle eccentric stopper including a syringe barrel 1, an eccentric stopper 2, a core rod 3, a piston 4, a needle seat 5, an elastic support clip 6, a needle tube 7, and a seal Circle 8.
  • the neck of the front end of the syringe 1 is provided with an inner partition 101 with a central opening.
  • the inner partition 101 divides the inner cavity of the neck of the syringe 1 into a front cavity of the neck 102 and a back cavity of the neck 103.
  • the front cavity 102 of the cylinder neck communicates with the needle through hole 107 at the front end of the cylinder 1, the inner wall of the back cavity 103 of the cylinder neck is provided with a protruding tooth sleeve 104 at the front, and the inner wall of the back cavity 103 of the cylinder neck is provided with a flange at the back.
  • the annular stop groove 105 is concave in the circumferential direction, and the rear inner wall of the needle cylinder 1 is provided with an annular stop step 106 protruding in the circumferential direction.
  • the eccentric baffle 2 is installed in the front cavity 102 of the neck of the syringe 1, and the eccentric baffle 2 is arranged along the radial surface and is axially restricted by the internal structure of the front cavity 102 and the inner partition 101.
  • the number of the eccentric baffle 2 is more than one; referring to Figures 2 and 3, the eccentric baffle 2 is provided with a penetrating eccentric hole 201, the eccentric hole 201 is provided with rounded corners along the edge, and the back of the eccentric baffle 2
  • the end surface is provided with a plurality of blind holes 202 evenly distributed on the peripheral side of the eccentric hole 201 along the circumferential direction, and the outer contour of the eccentric baffle 2 is provided with more than two fulcrums.
  • the outer contour shape, the number of fulcrums, and the distribution positions of the fulcrums of the eccentric baffle 2 are variable.
  • the outer contour of the eccentric baffle 2 is provided with 6 fulcrums, which are respectively 2 fulcrums a203, 2 fulcrums b204, and 2 fulcrums c205.
  • the eccentric baffle 2 is in the barrel of the syringe 1.
  • the anterior neck cavity 102 has two postures in a balanced state, see FIG. 4 and FIG. 5.
  • the core rod 3 is installed in the syringe 1, the front end outer wall of the core rod 3 is provided with an inverted buckle 301, and the front outer wall of the core rod 3 is provided with an elastic support body 302, a baffle 303 and an elastic inverted Hook 304, the elastic support body 302 is matched with the rear end surface and the inner wall of the piston 4, the baffle 303 and the elastic barb 304 are matched with the annular stop step 106 of the barrel 1, and the rear outer wall of the core rod 3 A safety piece 305 is provided, and the safety piece 305 is matched with the rear end surface and the inner wall of the syringe 1.
  • the piston 4 is sleeved on the front part of the core rod 3.
  • the needle holder 5 is installed in the back cavity 103 of the neck of the needle cylinder 1, the front part of the needle holder 5 is provided with a needle fixing hole penetrating along the axis, and the middle outer wall of the needle holder 5 is provided with a tooth hub 501. 501 is guided and matched with the tooth sleeve 104 of the needle cylinder 1, a cavity with a rear opening is provided in the rear part of the needle holder 5, and a sealing ring installation groove recessed in the circumferential direction is provided on the outer wall of the rear part of the needle holder 5.
  • the front part of the elastic support clip 6 is installed in the cavity at the rear of the needle base 5 by a snap fit, the front part of the elastic support clip 6 is a hollow cylindrical shape and the inner wall of the front part is provided with a front end of the core rod 3.
  • the buckle 601 matched with the inverted buckle 301, the rear part of the elastic support clip 6 is arranged outside the cavity opening at the rear of the needle base 5, and the rear part of the elastic support clip 6 is in the shape of a disc and is connected to the needle cylinder 1
  • the annular anti-recession groove 105 in the back cavity 103 of the neck is matched.
  • the needle tip at the front end of the needle tube 7 passes through the eccentric hole 201 of the eccentric baffle 2 and the needle through hole 107 of the syringe 1 and is exposed, and the rear end of the needle tube 7 is fixed in the needle fixing hole of the needle holder 5.
  • the sealing ring 8 is installed in the sealing ring installation groove of the needle seat 5, and the sealing ring 8 is in a sealing fit with the inner wall of the neck rear cavity 103 of the needle cylinder 1.
  • a pull-back syringe when using a pull-back syringe for injection, push the core rod 3 so that the core rod 3 and the piston 4 move forward together to feed the injection solution.
  • the piston 4 abuts the needle seat 5.
  • the safety disc 305 of the core rod 3 cooperates with the rear end surface of the syringe 1 to limit the forward movement of the core rod 3 and avoid self-destruction due to excessive pushing.
  • the inverted buckle 301 of the core rod 3 has always been behind the buckle 601 of the elastic support clip 6, and has not crossed the buckle 601 of the elastic support clip 6 forward to form an interlock.
  • the eccentric baffle 2 in a balanced state is in balance with the inner wall of the front neck cavity 102 of the barrel 1 through the fulcrum on the outer contour.
  • the solid surface of the eccentric baffle 2 blocks the needle through hole 107 of the barrel 1, effectively preventing the
  • the needle tube 7 moving in the axial direction passes through the eccentric baffle 2 forward, and the blind hole 202 on the peripheral side of the eccentric hole 201 evades the needle tip of the needle tube 7 and is introduced into the eccentric hole 201 through a rounded corner.
  • the number of the eccentric baffle 2 in this embodiment is three, and the number of the eccentric baffle 2 can be more or less, as long as it can block the needle through hole 107 of the syringe 1.
  • the three eccentric baffles 2 have two postures in the equilibrium state in the front cavity 102 of the neck of the syringe 1, see FIG. 9 and FIG. 10. In a posture of the three eccentric baffles 2 shown in FIG.
  • the center distance between the eccentric hole 201 of the eccentric baffle 2 and the needle through hole 107 of the needle cylinder 1 is L1
  • the three eccentric baffles 2 shown in Figure 10 are in another posture in a balanced state, the eccentric hole 201 of the eccentric baffle 2 and the needle through hole 107 of the syringe 1
  • the center distance is L2
  • the diameter of the eccentric hole 201 of the eccentric baffle 2 is d, and the diameter of the needle through hole 107 of the syringe 1 is D, L1>(D+d)/2, L2>(D+d)/2, L1( R1) and L2(R2) can be the same or different.
  • the eccentric hole 201 of the eccentric baffle 2 will always maintain a state of non-intersecting and non-overlapping with the needle through hole 107 of the syringe 1 in a balanced state, and the edge of the eccentric hole 201 can shield the needle hole of the needle tube 7.

Abstract

一种带有屏蔽针偏心挡片(2)的回拉式注射器，包括针筒(1)、芯杆(3)、活塞(4)、针座(5)、弹性支撑卡件(6)、针管(7)、偏心挡片(2)，针筒(1)前端的筒颈内部通过内隔板(101)分成筒颈前腔(102)和筒颈后腔(103)，筒颈前腔(102)安装有偏心挡片(2)，偏心挡片(2)开设有偏心孔(201)和多个盲孔(202)，偏心挡片(2)的外轮廓设有2个以上的支点(203,204,205)；筒颈后腔(103)内安装针座(5)；针筒(1)的后部内壁设有沿周向凸起的环形止位台阶(106)，芯杆(3)的前部外壁设有前后布置的挡片(303)和弹性倒钩(304)，挡片(303)和弹性倒钩(304)与针筒(1)的环形止位台阶(106)相配合；针管(7)的针尖穿过偏心挡片(2)的偏心孔(201)、针筒(1)前端的针通孔(107)后外露。整体结构紧凑，自毁操作简单，提高了产品的便捷性和安全性。

Description

一种带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器 技术领域
本发明属于注射器技术领域，具体涉及一种带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器。
背景技术
现有的回拉式注射器多通过针管回缩机构带动针管回缩至套管内实现自毁，但回缩后的针管的针尖有再次伸出套管的可能性，存在安全隐患。同时，需要设计一种更易于自毁操作的针管回缩机构，以提高回拉式注射器产品使用的便捷性和可靠性。
发明内容
本发明针对上述问题，提供一种带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器。
本发明的目的可以通过下述技术方案来实现：一种带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器，包括针筒、芯杆、活塞、针座、弹性支撑卡件、针管，所述针筒前端的筒颈内设有中心开孔的内隔板，所述内隔板将针筒的筒颈内腔分成筒颈前腔和筒颈后腔，所述筒颈前腔与针筒前端的针通孔连通，所述筒颈后腔内安装针座；所述针筒的后部内壁设有沿周向凸起的环形止位台阶，所述芯杆的前部外壁设有前后布置的挡片和弹性倒钩，所述挡片和弹性倒钩与针筒的环形止位台阶相配合；
还包括偏心挡片，所述偏心挡片安装于针筒的筒颈前腔内，偏心挡片沿径向面设置，并被筒颈前腔的内部结构和内隔板轴向限位，偏心挡片的数量为1片以上，偏心挡片开设有偏心孔，偏心挡片的后端面开设有沿周向布置于偏心孔周侧的多个盲孔，偏心挡片的外轮廓设有2个以上的支点；所述针管的后端固定于针座上，针管前端的针尖穿过偏心挡片的偏心孔、针筒的针通孔后外露；
当回拉芯杆带动针管的针尖后退出偏心挡片的偏心孔后，失去针管支撑的偏心挡片会在针筒的筒颈前腔内沿径向面做自由运动直至达到平衡状态，平衡状态下的偏心挡片通过外轮廓上的支点与针筒的筒颈前腔内壁接触保持平衡，偏心挡 片的实心面挡住针筒的针通孔，偏心孔周侧的盲孔规避针管的针尖进入偏心孔内；
当回拉的芯杆的弹性倒钩越过针筒的环形止位台阶后，针筒的环形止位台阶卡在芯杆的挡片和弹性倒钩之间，限制芯杆轴向移动。
进一步地，所述针筒的筒颈后腔的内壁靠前设有凸起的齿套，所述针座的中部外壁设有与针筒的齿套相配合的齿毂。
进一步地，所述针筒筒颈后腔的内壁靠后设有沿周向内凹的环形止退槽，所述弹性支撑卡件的后部呈圆盘形，并与针筒的环形止退槽相配合。
进一步地，所述芯杆的前端外壁设有倒扣，所述弹性支撑卡件的前部通过卡扣式配合安装于针座后部的腔体内，弹性支撑卡件的前部呈中空圆柱形且前部内壁设有与芯杆的倒扣相配合的卡扣。
进一步地，所述针座的后部外壁设有沿周向内凹的密封圈安装槽，所述密封圈安装槽内安装有密封圈。
进一步地，所述芯杆的前部外壁设有弹性撑体，所述弹性撑体与活塞的后端面和内壁相配合。
进一步地，所述芯杆的后部外壁设有保险片，所述保险片与针筒的后端面和内壁相配合。
进一步地，所述偏心挡片的偏心孔沿边缘设有倒圆角。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：在针筒的筒颈内安装偏心挡片，当回拉芯杆带动针管的针尖完全后退出偏心挡片的偏心孔时，偏心挡片挡住针筒的针通孔，有效阻止仍可轴向移动的针管向前穿过偏心挡片。针筒的后部内壁设有环形止位台阶，芯杆的前部外壁设有相配合的挡片和弹性倒钩，当回拉的芯杆的弹性倒钩越过针筒的环形止位台阶后，针筒的环形止位台阶卡在芯杆的挡片和弹性倒钩之间，限制芯杆轴向移动，从而将弹性支撑卡件、针座、针管、活塞留在针筒内。整体结构紧凑，自毁操作简单，提高了产品的便捷性和安全性。
附图说明
图1为一实施例在待使用或已注满注射液状态的结构示意图。
图2为一实施例中的偏心挡片的结构示意图。
图3为一实施例中的偏心挡片的剖视图。
图4为一实施例中的单片偏心挡片在平衡状态下的一姿态示意图。
图5为一实施例中的单片偏心挡片在平衡状态下的另一姿态示意图。
图6为一实施例在进给注射液至底的结构示意图。
图7为一实施例在自毁初步状态的结构示意图。
图8为一实施例在完全自毁状态的结构示意图。
图9为一实施例中的3片偏心挡片在平衡状态下的一姿态示意图。
图10为一实施例中的3片偏心挡片在平衡状态下的另一姿态示意图。
图中部件标号如下：
1针筒
101内隔板
102筒颈前腔
103筒颈后腔
104齿套
105环形止退槽
106环形止位台阶
107针通孔
2偏心挡片
201偏心孔
202盲孔
203支点a
204支点b
205支点c
3芯杆
301倒扣
302弹性撑体
303挡片
304弹性倒钩
305保险片
4活塞
5针座
501齿毂
6弹性支撑卡件
601卡扣
7针管
8密封圈。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图详细说明本发明的具体实施方式，使本领域的技术人员更清楚地理解如何实践本发明。尽管结合其优选的具体实施方案描述了本发明，但这些实施方案只是阐述，而不是限制本发明的范围。
参见图1，一种带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器，包括针筒1、偏心挡片2、芯杆3、活塞4、针座5、弹性支撑卡件6、针管7、密封圈8。
所述针筒1前端的筒颈内设有中心开孔的内隔板101，所述内隔板101将针筒1的筒颈内腔分成筒颈前腔102和筒颈后腔103，所述筒颈前腔102与针筒1前端的针通孔107连通，所述筒颈后腔103的内壁靠前设有凸起的齿套104，筒颈后腔103的内壁靠后设有沿周向内凹的环形止退槽105，针筒1的后部内壁设有沿周向凸起的环形止位台阶106。
所述偏心挡片2安装于针筒1的筒颈前腔102内，偏心挡片2沿径向面设置，并被筒颈前腔102的内部结构和内隔板101在轴向前后限位，偏心挡片2的数量为1片以上；参见图2和图3，偏心挡片2开设有贯通的偏心孔201，所述偏心孔201沿边缘设有倒圆角，偏心挡片2的后端面开设有沿周向均布于偏心孔201周侧的多个盲孔202，偏心挡片2的外轮廓设有2个以上的支点。
其中，所述偏心挡片2的外轮廓形状、支点的数量、支点的分布位置可变。本实施例中，参见图2，偏心挡片2的外轮廓设有6个支点，分别为2个支点a203、2个支点b204、2个支点c205，该偏心挡片2在针筒1的筒颈前腔102内的平衡状态下具有2种姿态，参见图4和图5。
所述芯杆3安装于针筒1内，芯杆3的前端外壁设有倒扣301，芯杆3的前部外壁设有从前至后依次设置的弹性撑体302、挡片303和弹性倒钩304，所述弹性撑体302与活塞4的后端面和内壁相配合，所述挡片303和弹性倒钩304 与针筒1的环形止位台阶106相配合，芯杆3的后部外壁设有保险片305，所述保险片305与针筒1的后端面和内壁相配合。
所述活塞4套接于芯杆3的前部。
所述针座5安装于针筒1的筒颈后腔103内，针座5的前部设有沿轴线贯通的针固定孔，针座5的中部外壁设有齿毂501，所述齿毂501与针筒1的齿套104导向配合，针座5的后部内设有后开口的腔体，针座5的后部外壁设有沿周向内凹的密封圈安装槽。
所述弹性支撑卡件6的前部通过卡扣式配合安装于针座5后部的腔体内，弹性支撑卡件6的前部呈中空圆柱形且前部内壁设有与芯杆3前端的倒扣301相配合的卡扣601，弹性支撑卡件6的后部设置于针座5后部的腔体开口外，弹性支撑卡件6的后部呈圆盘形，并与针筒1的筒颈后腔103内的环形止退槽105相配合。
所述针管7前端的针尖穿过偏心挡片2的偏心孔201、针筒1的针通孔107后外露，针管7的后端固定于针座5的针固定孔内。
所述密封圈8安装于针座5的密封圈安装槽内，密封圈8与针筒1的筒颈后腔103的内壁密封配合。
参见图1，回拉式注射器处于待使用或已注满注射液状态时，芯杆3的前部和活塞4处于针筒1的后端内，芯杆3的弹性倒钩304在针筒1的环形止位台阶106之前。
参见图6，使用回拉式注射器进行注射时，推动芯杆3，使芯杆3和活塞4一起前移来进给注射液，当芯杆3推到底时，活塞4顶住针座5。芯杆3前移的过程中，通过芯杆3的保险片305与针筒1的后端面配合，限制芯杆3的前移，避免因过度推动导致自毁。芯杆3的倒扣301一直在弹性支撑卡件6的卡扣601之后，并未向前越过弹性支撑卡件6的卡扣601形成互锁。
参见图7，回拉式注射器在进给完注射液后，先按下芯杆3的保险片305，使保险片305卡在针筒1的内孔中，使芯杆3处于可以继续推动的状态。继续推动芯杆3，芯杆3继续前移，芯杆3的弹性撑体302从活塞4的后端面进入活塞4的内孔，芯杆3的倒扣301向前越过弹性支撑卡件6的卡扣601形成互锁，回拉式注射器进入自毁的初步状态。
参见图8，回拉式注射器在进入自毁的初步状态后，回拉芯杆3，由于芯杆3的前端和弹性支撑卡件6形成互锁、芯杆3的弹性撑体302撑紧活塞4，弹性支撑卡件6、针座5、针管7、活塞4随芯杆3一起后退。当针管7的针尖后退出偏心挡片2的偏心孔201后，失去针管7支撑的偏心挡片2会在针筒1的筒颈前腔102内沿径向面做自由运动直至达到平衡状态，平衡状态下的偏心挡片2通过外轮廓上的支点与针筒1的筒颈前腔102内壁接触保持平衡，偏心挡片2的实心面挡住针筒1的针通孔107，有效阻止仍可轴向移动的针管7向前穿过偏心挡片2，偏心孔201周侧的盲孔202规避针管7的针尖通过倒圆角导入偏心孔201内。当芯杆3的弹性倒钩304越过针筒1的环形止位台阶106后，针筒1的环形止位台阶106卡在芯杆3的挡片303和弹性倒钩304之间，针筒1的环形止位台阶106与芯杆3的挡片303相配合限制芯杆3继续后退，针筒1的弹性倒钩304与芯杆3的挡片303相配合限制芯杆3前移。之后，从芯杆3的豁口处掰断芯杆3，此时，芯杆3的前部、弹性支撑卡件6、针座5、针管7、活塞4留在针筒1内，针管7被完全屏蔽，回拉式注射器处于完全自毁状态。
另外，本实施例中的偏心挡片2的数量为3片，偏心挡片2的数量可以有更多或更少，只要能挡住针筒1的针通孔107即可。3片偏心挡片2在针筒1的筒颈前腔102内的平衡状态下具有2种姿态，参见图9和图10。图9所示的3片偏心挡片2在平衡状态下的一姿态中，偏心挡片2的偏心孔201和针筒1的针通孔107的中心距为L1，偏心孔201的运动轨迹为半径为R1(R1＝L1)的圆；图10所示的3片偏心挡片2在平衡状态下的另一姿态中，偏心挡片2的偏心孔201和针筒1的针通孔107的中心距为L2，偏心孔201的运动轨迹为半径为R2(R2＝L2)的圆。其中，偏心挡片2的偏心孔201的直径为d，针筒1的针通孔107的直径为D，L1＞(D+d)/2，L2＞(D+d)/2，L1(R1)与L2(R2)可以相同或者不同。这样一来，偏心挡片2的偏心孔201在平衡状态下会始终保持与针筒1的针通孔107不相交、不重叠的状态，并且偏心孔201的边缘能够遮蔽针管7的针孔。
应当指出，对于经充分说明的本发明来说，还可具有多种变换及改型的实施方案，并不局限于上述实施方式的具体实施例。上述实施例仅仅作为本发明的说明，而不是对本发明的限制。总之，本发明的保护范围应包括那些对于本领域普通技术人员来说显而易见的变换或替代以及改型。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器，包括针筒、芯杆、活塞、针座、弹性支撑卡件、针管，其特征在于，
    所述针筒前端的筒颈内设有中心开孔的内隔板，所述内隔板将针筒的筒颈内腔分成筒颈前腔和筒颈后腔，所述筒颈前腔与针筒前端的针通孔连通，所述筒颈后腔内安装针座；所述针筒的后部内壁设有沿周向凸起的环形止位台阶，所述芯杆的前部外壁设有前后布置的挡片和弹性倒钩，所述挡片和弹性倒钩与针筒的环形止位台阶相配合；
    还包括偏心挡片，所述偏心挡片安装于针筒的筒颈前腔内，偏心挡片沿径向面设置，并被筒颈前腔的内部结构和内隔板轴向限位，偏心挡片的数量为1片以上，偏心挡片开设有偏心孔，偏心挡片的后端面开设有沿周向布置于偏心孔周侧的多个盲孔，偏心挡片的外轮廓设有2个以上的支点；所述针管的后端固定于针座上，针管前端的针尖穿过偏心挡片的偏心孔、针筒的针通孔后外露；
    当回拉芯杆带动针管的针尖后退出偏心挡片的偏心孔后，失去针管支撑的偏心挡片会在针筒的筒颈前腔内沿径向面做自由运动直至达到平衡状态，平衡状态下的偏心挡片通过外轮廓上的支点与针筒的筒颈前腔内壁接触保持平衡，偏心挡片的实心面挡住针筒的针通孔，偏心孔周侧的盲孔规避针管的针尖进入偏心孔内；
    当回拉的芯杆的弹性倒钩越过针筒的环形止位台阶后，针筒的环形止位台阶卡在芯杆的挡片和弹性倒钩之间，限制芯杆轴向移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器，其特征在于，所述针筒的筒颈后腔的内壁靠前设有凸起的齿套，所述针座的中部外壁设有与针筒的齿套相配合的齿毂。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器，其特征在于，所述针筒筒颈后腔的内壁靠后设有沿周向内凹的环形止退槽，所述弹性支撑卡件的后部呈圆盘形，并与针筒的环形止退槽相配合。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器，其特征在于，所述芯杆的前端外壁设有倒扣，所述弹性支撑卡件的前部通过卡扣式配合安装于针座后部的腔体内，弹性支撑卡件的前部呈中空圆柱形且前部内壁设有 与芯杆的倒扣相配合的卡扣。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器，其特征在于，所述针座的后部外壁设有沿周向内凹的密封圈安装槽，所述密封圈安装槽内安装有密封圈。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器，其特征在于，所述芯杆的前部外壁设有弹性撑体，所述弹性撑体与活塞的后端面和内壁相配合。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器，其特征在于，所述芯杆的后部外壁设有保险片，所述保险片与针筒的后端面和内壁相配合。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的带有屏蔽针偏心挡片的回拉式注射器，其特征在于，所述偏心挡片的偏心孔沿边缘设有倒圆角。
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