WO2021147789A1 - 髋臼杯假体及其锁定结构 - Google Patents

髋臼杯假体及其锁定结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021147789A1
WO2021147789A1 PCT/CN2021/072291 CN2021072291W WO2021147789A1 WO 2021147789 A1 WO2021147789 A1 WO 2021147789A1 CN 2021072291 W CN2021072291 W CN 2021072291W WO 2021147789 A1 WO2021147789 A1 WO 2021147789A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acetabular cup
elastic locking
locking tongue
prosthesis according
outer cup
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/072291
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡肖强
董骧
Original Assignee
北京纳通医疗科技控股有限公司
博瑞康有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202020138816.1U external-priority patent/CN211750287U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010071018.6A external-priority patent/CN113208781B/zh
Application filed by 北京纳通医疗科技控股有限公司, 博瑞康有限公司 filed Critical 北京纳通医疗科技控股有限公司
Priority to AU2021211047A priority Critical patent/AU2021211047B2/en
Priority to US17/759,167 priority patent/US20230039336A1/en
Priority to EP21744854.7A priority patent/EP4094727A4/en
Publication of WO2021147789A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021147789A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662—Femoral shafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30331—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/30487—Circumferential cooperating grooves and beads on cooperating lateral surfaces of a mainly longitudinal connection
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/305—Snap connection
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30563—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for having elastic means or damping means, different from springs, e.g. including an elastomeric core or shock absorbers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/3082—Grooves
    • A61F2002/30822—Circumferential grooves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
    • A61F2002/3401—Acetabular cups with radial apertures, e.g. radial bores for receiving fixation screws
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
    • A61F2002/3401—Acetabular cups with radial apertures, e.g. radial bores for receiving fixation screws
    • A61F2002/3403—Polar aperture
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
    • A61F2002/3429—Acetabular cups with an integral peripheral collar or flange, e.g. oriented away from the shell centre line

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of medical prostheses, and more specifically, to an acetabular cup prosthesis and a locking structure thereof.
  • the acetabular cup prosthesis is one of the prostheses widely used in hip arthroplasty. Its structure is generally composed of a metal outer cup and a polyethylene lining. During the operation, the metal outer cup is driven into the human acetabulum, and then the polyethylene liner is installed in the metal outer cup. On the one hand, it is necessary for the doctor to easily fit the polyethylene liner into the metal outer cup during the operation. On the other hand, because the acetabular cup prosthesis has to bear the weight of the human body and the continuous impact of the walking load for many years, polyethylene is required The inner lining fits tightly in the metal outer cup, is fixed and stable, and cannot be loosened or come out. Therefore, the assembly of the inner lining in the outer cup must achieve three main functions: easy to install, not easy to come out, and firm fixation.
  • the polyethylene lining is required to have a certain thickness at the main load-bearing part, generally not less than 5 mm, and the thicker the better.
  • the implanted acetabular cup prosthesis should not be too large. Therefore, the polyethylene lining should not be too thick, and it is necessary to redesign the lining on the originally limited thickness.
  • the locking structure makes it difficult to guarantee the minimum thickness of the load-bearing part.
  • an embodiment of the present application proposes an acetabular cup prosthesis, which can ensure the thickness of the inner lining to the greatest extent, and minimize the amount of osteotomy of the patient, and is easy to install and difficult to install. Prolapse and fix firmly.
  • Another embodiment of the present application proposes a locking structure of an acetabular cup prosthesis.
  • the locking structure of the acetabular cup prosthesis can ensure the thickness of the inner liner to the greatest extent, and minimize the amount of osteotomy of the patient, and is easy It is installed, not easy to come out, and fixed firmly.
  • the acetabular cup prosthesis according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application includes an outer cup and an inner liner.
  • the inner surface of the outer cup is provided with an abutment surface along the circumferential direction;
  • a protruding snap ring is provided, and an elastic locking tongue buckle is provided at the non-load-bearing part; the protruding snap ring and the elastic locking tongue buckle both abut against the abutting surface to self-lock the inner liner on the outer surface In the cup.
  • the inner lining is an asymmetric locking structure.
  • This design divides the locking structure into two parts. It is necessary to place the elastic locking tongue buckle and other structures that lose the thickness of the inner lining on the non-load-bearing part, which can avoid The thickness of the inner lining causes the acetabular cup prosthesis to be too large, thereby minimizing the amount of osteotomy for the patient; while the load-bearing part adopts a fixed raised snap ring design to maximize the thickness of the inner lining and ensure that the inner lining has enough Strength and wear resistance, the structure of the load bearing and non-load bearing parts of the inner lining cooperates with the abutment surface on the outer cup to realize the inner lining lock.
  • the elastic locking tongue is pressed against the abutment surface of the outer cup by elastic force, and forms an outer supporting elastic structure with the spherical surface under the inner lining, which eliminates the gap that may occur due to processing errors and reduces
  • the outer spherical surface of the inner lining is pressed tightly against the inner spherical surface of the outer cup. Therefore, the acetabular cup prosthesis of the present application can ensure the thickness of the inner lining as much as possible, and minimize the amount of osteotomy of the patient, and is easy to install, not easy to come out, and fixed firmly.
  • the acetabular cup prosthesis includes an outer cup and an inner liner, and the inner liner is locked in the outer cup by the locking structure, so
  • the inner surface of the outer cup is provided with an abutment surface along the circumferential direction;
  • the outer surface of the inner liner is provided with a convex snap ring at the bearing part, and an elastic locking tongue is provided at the non-load bearing part;
  • the convex snap ring Both the elastic locking tongue and the elastic locking tongue abut against the abutting surface to self-lock the inner liner in the outer cup.
  • the inner liner is an asymmetrical locking structure.
  • the design divides the locking structure into two parts, and the elastic locking tongue buckle that needs to lose the thickness of the inner liner is placed on the non-load-bearing part ,
  • the bearing part adopts a fixed raised snap ring design to maximize the thickness of the lining to ensure the lining
  • the structure of the load-bearing and non-load-bearing parts of the inner lining cooperates with the abutment surface on the outer cup to realize the inner lining lock.
  • the elastic locking tongue is pressed against the abutment surface of the outer cup by elastic force, and forms an outer supporting elastic structure with the spherical surface under the inner lining, which eliminates the gap that may occur due to processing errors and reduces
  • the outer spherical surface of the inner lining is pressed tightly against the inner spherical surface of the outer cup. Therefore, the locking structure of the acetabular cup prosthesis of the present invention can ensure the thickness of the inner lining to the greatest extent, and reduce the amount of osteotomy of the patient as much as possible, and is easy to install, not easy to come out, and fixed firmly.
  • the inner surface of the outer cup is circumferentially provided with an annular groove with a triangular longitudinal section, and a side wall of the annular groove close to the opening of the outer cup is the abutting surface, or
  • the inner surface of the outer cup is provided with an annular protrusion along the circumferential direction, and a side wall of the annular protrusion away from the opening of the outer cup is the abutting surface.
  • the elastic locking tongue is formed by digging a tangential groove on the outer surface of the inner liner, and the direction of the elastic locking tongue faces away from the bottom of the inner liner.
  • the extension line of the force that abuts against the elastic locking tongue is located below the midpoint of the root of the elastic locking tongue.
  • the elastic locking tongue has an inner side surface, an outer side surface parallel to the inner side surface, and a top surface perpendicular to the inner side surface and the outer side surface, and the abutting surface is connected to the elastic locking surface.
  • the angle between the top surfaces of the tongues is 0-5 degrees.
  • the included angle between the outer surface of the elastic locking tongue and the central axis of the inner liner is 40-50 degrees.
  • the angle occupied by the raised snap ring in the circumferential direction is 90-180 degrees.
  • the raised snap ring is a continuous whole section or multiple sections arranged at intervals.
  • the outer edge of the opening of the inner liner is provided with a protrusion
  • the inner edge of the opening of the outer cup is provided with a recess that matches the protrusion
  • the line between any point on the abutting surface and the center of the opening of the outer cup has an angle greater than or equal to 45 degrees with the horizontal plane.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer cup of an acetabular cup prosthesis according to the present application, wherein (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a top view, and (c) is a cross-sectional view.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner lining of the acetabular cup prosthesis according to the present application, wherein (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a top view, and (c) is a cross-sectional view.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the acetabular cup prosthesis according to the present application in a combined state, wherein (a) is a perspective view, and (b) is a cross-sectional view.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the acetabular cup prosthesis according to the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the force direction of the outer cup of the acetabular cup prosthesis on the inner liner according to the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the contact position between the outer cup and the inner liner of the acetabular cup prosthesis according to the present application.
  • the acetabular cup prosthesis includes an outer cup 1 and an inner liner 2.
  • the inner surface of the outer cup 1 is provided with abutting surface 11 along the circumferential direction, and the abutting surface 11 may specifically Use the following methods to achieve:
  • the inner surface of the outer cup 1 is provided with an annular groove 12 with a triangular longitudinal section along the circumferential direction, and a side wall of the annular groove 12 close to the outer cup opening 13 is the abutting surface 11.
  • the inner surface of the outer cup is provided with an annular protrusion (not shown) along the circumferential direction, and a side wall of the annular protrusion away from the opening of the outer cup is the abutting surface.
  • the abutting surface can also be formed by the above-mentioned methods one and two together.
  • the outer surface of the inner liner 2 is provided with a raised snap ring 21 at the load-bearing part, and an elastic locking tongue 22 is provided at the non-load-bearing part.
  • the load-bearing part refers to the implantation of the acetabular cup prosthesis into the human body.
  • the part that plays the main load-bearing role behind, and the non-load-bearing part refers to the part that plays a non-main load-bearing role after the acetabular cup prosthesis is implanted in the human body.
  • the direction of the inner lining after the acetabular cup prosthesis is implanted in the human body The opening 23 is inclined downward, and the inside is matched with the femoral head prosthesis 3.
  • the part of the liner 2 above the horizontal line L1 is the load-bearing part, and the part below the horizontal line L1 is Non-load-bearing parts, the load-bearing part usually occupies about 1/3 of the overall area of the inner liner 2
  • a fixed raised snap ring 21 design is adopted, which will not lose the thickness of the inner lining due to the locking structure, which can ensure the thickness of the inner liner 2 to the greatest extent, and in the non-load-bearing part, an elastic locking tongue is used
  • the design of 22 can maximize the elasticity, ensure the fixing effect of the inner liner 2 and the outer cup 1, and make the implantation of the inner liner 2 easier.
  • the elastic locking tongue 22 is preferably formed by digging a tangential groove 24 on the outer surface of the inner liner 2. The tangential groove 24 will consume a certain thickness of the inner liner 2, thereby reducing the patient's cut to a certain extent. Bone mass; elastic locking tongue 22 facing away from the bottom 25 of the lining 2.
  • the raised snap ring 21 and the elastic locking tongue 22 on the inner lining 2 abut against the abutment surface 11 on the outer cup 1 to lock the inner lining 2 in the outer cup 1.
  • the elastic locking tongue 22 of the inner lining 2 can be compressed inward to facilitate assembly.
  • the outer spherical surface of the outer cup 1 and the inner spherical surface of the outer cup 1 are pressed tightly ( Figure 3) to form a self-locking.
  • the extension/height of the abutting surface 11 in the vertical direction compensates for the machining error of the two parts of the outer cup 1 and the inner liner 2.
  • the elastic locking tongue of the inner liner 2 The buckle 22 can be pressed against the abutting surface 11 of the outer cup 1, and the spherical surfaces of the two parts can be tightly press-fitted and fixed without gaps.
  • the inner lining is an asymmetric locking structure.
  • This design divides the locking structure into two parts.
  • the elastic locking tongue and other structures that need to lose the thickness of the inner lining are placed on the non-load-bearing part, which can prevent the acetabular cup from being too thick.
  • the prosthesis is too large, so as to minimize the amount of osteotomy of the patient; while the load-bearing part adopts a fixed raised snap ring design to maximize the thickness of the lining and ensure that the lining has sufficient strength and wear resistance.
  • the structure of the load-bearing and non-bearing parts cooperates with the abutment surface on the outer cup to realize the inner liner locking.
  • the elastic locking tongue is pressed against the abutment surface of the outer cup by elastic force, and forms an outer supporting elastic structure with the spherical surface under the inner lining, which eliminates the gap that may occur due to processing errors and reduces
  • the outer spherical surface of the inner lining is pressed tightly against the inner spherical surface of the outer cup. Therefore, the acetabular cup prosthesis of the present application can ensure the thickness of the inner lining as much as possible, and minimize the amount of osteotomy of the patient, and is easy to install, not easy to come out, and fixed firmly.
  • the external force F acting on the top of the elastic locking tongue 22 can be decomposed into a positive pressure perpendicular to the abutment surface 11 and parallel
  • the friction force between the elastic locking tongue 22 on the abutting surface 11 and the abutting surface 11, which is the friction angle between the elastic locking tongue 22 and the abutting surface 11, such as the friction between polyethylene and titanium alloy The angle ⁇ is about 10-15 degrees.
  • the extension line of the force F of the abutting surface 11 on the elastic locking tongue 22 is preferably located below the root midpoint O of the elastic locking tongue 22, so that the elastic locking tongue 22 is under the action of external force.
  • the elastic locking tongue 22 preferably has an inner side surface 221, an outer side surface 222 parallel to the inner side surface 221, and a top surface 223 perpendicular to both the inner side surface 221 and the outer side surface 222, and the abutting surface 11 is elastically locked.
  • the included angle ⁇ between the top surface 223 of the tongue buckle 22 is 0-5 degrees, so that the contact point of the two surfaces is maintained at the outer sharp point of the top of the elastic locking tongue buckle 22 (that is, the intersection point of the outer side surface 222 and the top surface 223) , Resulting in the extension line of the resultant force of positive pressure and friction further moving down, strengthening the locking function.
  • point O can be the center point of the root connecting line of the elastic locking tongue 22, and the root connecting line is specifically the connection point between the inner side surface 221 and the inner liner 2 and the connection point between the outer side surface 222 and the inner liner 2.
  • the straight line formed by the connection is
  • the included angle between the central axis of the inner lining 2 should be as small as possible to reduce resistance, but too small included angle ⁇ will reduce the elastic locking tongue 22’s outward ejection range and affect the inner The liner 2 is locked, and the preferred value is 40-50 degrees.
  • the angle occupied by the protruding snap ring 21 in the circumferential direction is preferably 90-180 degrees, and the inner lining 2 is locked together with the opposite elastic locking tongue 22.
  • the angle is too large. Small is not enough to cover the load-bearing part/area of the acetabular cup prosthesis, and more than 180 degrees will cause interference due to the lack of elasticity of the raised snap ring 21, and loss of the reliability of the fixation of the lining 2 at the same time.
  • the protruding snap ring 21 may be a continuous whole section or multiple sections arranged at intervals.
  • the height of the raised snap ring 21 exceeding the outer surface of the inner liner 2 may be different from the height of the elastic locking tongue 22 exceeding the outer surface of the inner liner 2.
  • the height of the raised snap ring 21 is lower than the height of the elastic locking tongue 22, which facilitates the inner liner 2 to be more easily inserted into the outer cup 1.
  • the acetabular cup prosthesis can also be provided with an anti-rotation structure, that is, as shown in Figures 1-2, the outer edge of the opening of the inner liner 2 is provided with a protrusion 26, and the inner edge of the opening of the outer cup 1 is provided with The recessed portion 14 matched with the protruding portion 26 cooperates to prevent the rotation between the outer cup 1 and the inner liner 2.
  • the number of the protrusion 26 can be one or more, and the number of the recess 14 can be one or more.
  • the bottom of the outer cup 1 may be provided with a screw hole 15 to facilitate the fixing of the outer cup 1 in the human acetabulum by screws; and/or the bottom of the outer cup 1 may also be provided with an instrument operation hole 16 to facilitate passage of the instrument clamp Hold the outer cup 1.
  • the line L3 between any point on the abutting surface 11 and the center of the outer cup opening 13, the angle ⁇ between the line L3 and the horizontal plane is greater than or equal to 45 degrees, preferably 45 In this way, the position of the abutting surface 11 in the outer cup 1 is far away from the cup mouth, so that it can be adapted to more types of lining 2 and compatible with polyethylene lining and ceramic lining.
  • the outer cup 1 is preferably made of a metal material such as titanium alloy
  • the inner liner 2 is preferably made of polyethylene.
  • a plurality of means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , Or integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, Unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

一种髋臼杯假体及其锁定结构，髋臼杯假体包括外杯（1）和内衬（2），外杯（1）的内表面沿周向设置有抵靠面（11）；内衬（2）的外表面上在承载部位设置有凸起卡环（21），在非承载部位设置有弹性锁定舌扣（22）；凸起卡环（21）和弹性锁定舌扣（22）均与抵靠面（11）抵靠以将内衬（2）自锁在外杯（1）内。髋臼杯假体能够最大限度地保证内衬（2）的厚度，又尽量减少病人的截骨量，且容易装入、不易脱出、固定牢固。

Description

髋臼杯假体及其锁定结构
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求申请号为202020138816.1和202010071018.6、申请日为2020年1月21日的中国专利申请的优先权和权益，上述中国专利申请的全部内容在此通过引用并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请的实施例涉及医疗假体技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种髋臼杯假体及其锁定结构。
背景技术
髋臼杯假体是髋关节置换术中广泛使用的假体之一，其结构一般由金属外杯加聚乙烯内衬组成。手术中先将金属外杯打入人体髋臼内，再将聚乙烯内衬安装到金属外杯内。这一方面要实现医生在手术中能容易的将聚乙烯内衬装入金属外杯，另一方面因为髋臼杯假体装入后要承受人体重量以及行走负荷的多年不断冲击，要求聚乙烯内衬在金属外杯内紧密贴合、固定稳定、不可有松动和脱出。因此，内衬在外杯里的装配要实现三个主要功能：容易装入、不易脱出、固定牢固。
由于外杯和内衬是一个内球面和一个外球面的接触，实现完美的紧密配合就要求两个球面完全一致，这在加工过程中由于误差的存在几乎不可能。并且，外杯与内衬的锁定结构要求同时满足内衬打入容易，且锁定牢固脱出难，这也是一对矛盾，因此，许多现有的髋臼产品要么锁定牢固，但打入难；要么打入容易，又存在容易松动的问题。
另外，为了保证足够的强度和耐磨性，聚乙烯内衬在主要承载部位要求达到一定的厚度，一般不低于5毫米，而且越厚越好。而手术中为了尽量减少病人的截骨量，所植入的髋臼杯假体不能太大，因此，聚乙烯内衬也不能太厚，而在本来就厚度有限的内衬上再设计所必须的锁定结构，就使承载部位的最低厚度难以保证。
申请内容
为此，本申请的一个实施例提出了一种髋臼杯假体，该髋臼杯假体能最大限度地保证内衬的厚度，又尽量减少病人的截骨量，且容易装入、不易脱出、固定牢固。
本申请的另一个实施例提出了一种髋臼杯假体的锁定结构，该髋臼杯假体的锁定结构能最大限度地保证内衬的厚度，又尽量减少病人的截骨量，且容易装入、不易脱出、固定牢固。
根据本申请的第一方面的实施例的髋臼杯假体包括外杯和内衬，所述外杯的内表面沿周向设置有抵靠面；所述内衬的外表面上在承载部位设置有凸起卡环，在非承载部位设置有弹性锁定舌扣；所述凸起卡环和弹性锁定舌扣均与所述抵靠面抵靠以将所述内衬自锁在所述外杯内。
根据本申请实施例的髋臼杯假体，内衬为非对称锁定结构，该设计将锁定结构分成两个部分，需要损失内衬厚度的弹性锁定舌扣等结构放置在非承载部位，可以避免内衬过厚导致髋臼杯假体过大，从而尽量减少病人的截骨量；而承载部位则采用固定的凸起卡环设计以最大限度地保证内衬的厚度，确保内衬有足够的强度和耐磨性，内衬承载和非承载两部位的结构与外杯上的抵靠面共同配合实现内衬锁定。并且，当内衬在外杯内锁定时，弹性锁定舌扣由弹力压在外杯的抵靠面上，与内衬下方的球形表面形成外撑弹性结构，消除了由于加工误差可能产生的间隙，将内衬的外球面紧压在外杯的内球面上。因此，本申请的髋臼杯假体能够最大限度地保证内衬的厚度，又尽量减少病人的截骨量，且容易装入、不易脱出、固定牢固。
根据本申请的第二方面的实施例的髋臼杯假体的锁定结构，所述髋臼杯假体包括外杯和内衬，所述内衬通过锁定结构锁定在所述外杯内，所述外杯的内表面沿周向设置有抵靠面；所述内衬的外表面上在承载部位设置有凸起卡环，在非承载部位设置有弹性锁定舌扣；所述凸起卡环和弹性锁定舌扣均与所述抵靠面抵靠以将所述内衬自锁在所述外杯内。
根据本申请实施例的髋臼杯假体的锁定结构，内衬为非对称锁定结构，该设计将锁定结构分成两个部分，需要损失内衬厚度的弹性锁定舌扣等结构放置在非承载部位，以避免内衬过厚导致髋臼杯假体过大，从而尽量减少病人的截骨量；而承载部位则采用固定的凸起卡环设计以最大限度地保证内衬的厚度，确保内衬有足够的强度和耐磨性，内衬承载和非承载两部位的结构与外杯上的抵靠面共同配合实现内衬锁定。并且，当内衬在外杯内锁定时，弹性锁定舌扣由弹力压在外杯的抵靠面上，与内衬下方的球形表面形成外撑弹性结构，消除了由于加工误差可能产生的间隙，将内衬的外球面紧压在外杯的内球面上。因此，本实用新型的髋臼杯假体的锁定结构能够最大限度地保证内衬的厚度，又尽量减少病人的截骨量，且容易装入、不易脱出、固定牢固。
在一些实施例中，所述外杯的内表面沿周向设置有纵截面为三角形的环形凹槽，所述环形凹槽的靠近外杯开口部的一侧壁为所述抵靠面，或者，所述外杯的内表面沿周向设置有环形凸起，所述环形凸起的远离外杯开口部的一侧壁为所述抵靠面。
在一些实施例中，所述弹性锁定舌扣通过在所述内衬的外表面上挖设切向沟槽而形成，所述弹性锁定舌扣的朝向背向所述内衬的底部。
在一些实施例中，所述抵靠面对所述弹性锁定舌扣的作用力的延长线位于所述弹性锁定舌扣的根部中点的下方。
在一些实施例中，所述弹性锁定舌扣具有内侧面、与所述内侧面平行的外侧面、以及与所述内侧面和外侧面垂直的顶面，所述抵靠面与所述弹性锁定舌扣的顶面之间的夹角为0-5度。
在一些实施例中，所述弹性锁定舌扣的外侧面与所述内衬的中轴线之间的夹角为40-50度。
在一些实施例中，所述凸起卡环在周向上的占角为90-180度。
在一些实施例中，所述凸起卡环为连续的一整段或者为间隔设置的多段。
在一些实施例中，所述内衬的开口外缘设置有突出部，所述外杯的开口内缘设置有与所述突出部相配合的凹陷部。
在一些实施例中，抵靠面上任意一点与外杯开口部的圆心之间的连线，该连线与水平面的夹角大于等于45度。
附图说明
图1是根据本申请的髋臼杯假体的外杯的结构示意图，其中(a)为立体图，(b)为俯视图，(c)为剖视图。
图2是根据本申请的髋臼杯假体的内衬的结构示意图，其中(a)为立体图，(b)为俯视图，(c)为剖视图。
图3是根据本申请的髋臼杯假体组合状态下结构示意图，其中(a)为立体图，(b)为剖视图。
图4是根据本申请的髋臼杯假体的使用状态示意图。
图5是根据本申请的髋臼杯假体的外杯对内衬的作用力方向示意图。
图6是根据本申请的髋臼杯假体的外杯和内衬接触部位角度示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元夹具必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
如图1-6所示，根据本申请实施例的髋臼杯假体包括外杯1和内衬2，外杯1的内表面沿周向设置有抵靠面11，抵靠面11具体可以采用以下几种方式实现：
方式一：
如图1所示，外杯1的内表面沿周向设置有纵截面为三角形的环形凹槽12，环形凹槽12的靠近外杯开口部13的一侧壁为所述抵靠面11。
方式二：
外杯的内表面沿周向设置有环形凸起(未示出)，环形凸起的远离外杯开口部的一侧壁为所述抵靠面。
方式三：
本领域技术人员可以想到的是，抵靠面还可以由上述方式一和二共同形成。
如图2所示，内衬2的外表面上在承载部位设置有凸起卡环21，在非承载部位设置有弹性锁定舌扣22，其中，承载部位是指髋臼杯假体植入人体后起主要受力承载作用的部位，非承载部位是指髋臼杯假体植入人体后起非主要受力承载作用的部位，众所周知，髋臼杯假体植入人体后，内衬的方向为开口部23倾斜向下，其内与股骨头假体3相配合，如图4所示，内衬2在水平横线L1以上的部分即为承载部位，水平横线L1以下的部分即为非承载部位，承载部位通常占到内衬2整体面积的1/3左右；
在承载部位，采用固定的凸起卡环21设计，不会因卡合结构而损失内衬厚度，能够最大限度地保证内衬2的厚度，而在非承载部位，采用的是弹性锁定舌扣22的设计，能够最大限度的获得弹性，保证内衬2与外杯1的固定效果的同时还能使内衬2的植入更加容易。弹性锁定舌扣22优选通过在内衬2的外表面上挖设切向沟槽24而形成，该切向沟槽24将 消耗内衬2一定的厚度，从而在一定的程度上减少病人的截骨量；弹性锁定舌扣22的朝向背向内衬2的底部25。
使用时，内衬2上的凸起卡环21和弹性锁定舌扣22均与外杯1上的抵靠面11抵靠以将内衬2自锁在外杯1内，具体的，当内衬2被压入外杯1时，内衬2的弹性锁定舌扣22可以向内压缩以方便装配，装入后依靠弹性向外弹出，顶住外杯1的抵靠面11，将内衬2的外球面与外杯1的内球面紧紧压死(图3)，形成自锁。其中，抵靠面11在垂直方向的延伸/高度补偿了外杯1和内衬2两部件存在的加工误差，只要两部件的加工误差在所要求的公差范围内，内衬2的弹性锁定舌扣22就能顶在外杯1的抵靠面11上，将两部件的球面紧密压配和无缝隙固定。
本申请中，内衬为非对称锁定结构，该设计将锁定结构分成两个部分，需要损失内衬厚度的弹性锁定舌扣等结构放置在非承载部位，可以避免内衬过厚导致髋臼杯假体过大，从而尽量减少病人的截骨量；而承载部位则采用固定的凸起卡环设计以最大限度地保证内衬的厚度，确保内衬有足够的强度和耐磨性，内衬承载和非承载两部位的结构与外杯上的抵靠面共同配合实现内衬锁定。并且，当内衬在外杯内锁定时，弹性锁定舌扣由弹力压在外杯的抵靠面上，与内衬下方的球形表面形成外撑弹性结构，消除了由于加工误差可能产生的间隙，将内衬的外球面紧压在外杯的内球面上。因此，本申请的髋臼杯假体能够最大限度地保证内衬的厚度，又尽量减少病人的截骨量，且容易装入、不易脱出、固定牢固。
如图5-6所示，在髋臼杯假体的内衬2受到向外的推力时，作用在弹性锁定舌扣22顶部的外力F可分解为垂直于抵靠面11的正压力和平行于抵靠面11的弹性锁定舌扣22与抵靠面11之间的摩擦力，其中是弹性锁定舌扣22与抵靠面11之间的摩擦角，如聚乙烯与钛合金之间的摩擦角θ约为10-15度。为保证内衬2不易脱出，抵靠面11对弹性锁定舌扣22的作用力F的延长线优选位于弹性锁定舌扣22的根部中点O的下方，使弹性锁定舌扣22在外力作用下变形时始终压向外杯抵靠面11的底部，从而将内衬2锁死而不易脱出。为进一步实现该目的，弹性锁定舌扣22优选具有内侧面221、与内侧面221平行的外侧面222、以及与内侧面221和外侧面222均垂直的顶面223，抵靠面11与弹性锁定舌扣22的顶面223之间的夹角α为0-5度，以使两表面的接触点保持在弹性锁定舌扣22顶部的外侧尖点(即外侧面222和顶面223的交点)，导致正压力与摩擦力的合力的延长线进一步下移，加强锁定功能。其中，O点可以是弹性锁定舌扣22的根部连接线的中心点，根部连接线具体是内侧面221和内衬2的连接点与外侧面222和内衬2的连接点该两连接点所连接形成的直线。
如图6所示，为了使内衬2装入时的阻力尽量减小，弹性锁定舌扣22与垂直方向的夹 角δ(即弹性锁定舌扣22的外侧面222(或其延长线)与内衬2的中轴线(图中示作为垂线L2)之间的夹角)应尽量小，以减少阻力，但夹角δ太小会减小弹性锁定舌扣22向外弹出范围，影响内衬2锁定，优选值为40-50度。
本申请实施例中，如图2所示，凸起卡环21在周向上的占角优选为90-180度，与对面的弹性锁定舌扣22共同作用将内衬2锁合，该角度太小则不足以覆盖髋臼杯假体的承载部位/范围，而超过180度则由于凸起卡环21缺乏弹性而造成干涉，同时损失内衬2固定的可靠性。另外，凸起卡环21既可以为连续的一整段，也可以为间隔设置的多段。凸起卡环21超出内衬2外表面的高度可以不同于弹性锁定舌扣22超出内衬2外表面的高度。优选的，凸起卡环21的高度低于弹性锁定舌扣22的高度，有利于内衬2更加容易地装入外杯1中。
本申请实施例中，髋臼杯假体还可以设置有防旋结构，即如图1-2所示，内衬2的开口外缘设置有突出部26，外杯1的开口内缘设置有与突出部26相配合的凹陷部14，两者相配合以防止外杯1与内衬2之间的旋转。其中突出部26的数量可以是一个也可以是多个，同样凹陷部14的数量可以是一个也可以是多个。外杯1的底部可以设置有螺钉孔15，以便于通过螺钉将外杯1固定在人体髋臼内；和/或，外杯1的底部还可以设置有器械操作孔16，以便于通过器械夹持外杯1。如图1中(c)所示，抵靠面11上任意一点与外杯开口部13的圆心之间的连线L3，该连线L3与水平面的夹角β大于等于45度，优选为45度，这样抵靠面11在外杯1中的位置远离杯口，从而可以适应更多型号的内衬2，可以兼容聚乙烯内衬及陶瓷内衬。另外，外杯1优选为金属材质如钛合金等，内衬2优选为聚乙烯材质。
在本说明书的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或彼此可通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种髋臼杯假体，包括外杯和内衬，其特征在于，
    所述外杯的内表面沿周向设置有抵靠面；
    所述内衬的外表面上在承载部位设置有凸起卡环，在非承载部位设置有弹性锁定舌扣；
    所述凸起卡环和弹性锁定舌扣均与所述抵靠面抵靠以将所述内衬自锁在所述外杯内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的髋臼杯假体，其特征在于，所述外杯的内表面沿周向设置有纵截面为三角形的环形凹槽，所述环形凹槽的靠近外杯开口部的一侧壁为所述抵靠面；
    或者，所述外杯的内表面沿周向设置有环形凸起，所述环形凸起的远离外杯开口部的一侧壁为所述抵靠面。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的髋臼杯假体，其特征在于，所述弹性锁定舌扣通过在所述内衬的外表面上挖设切向沟槽而形成，所述弹性锁定舌扣的朝向背向所述内衬的底部。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一所述的髋臼杯假体，其特征在于，所述抵靠面对所述弹性锁定舌扣的作用力的延长线位于所述弹性锁定舌扣的根部中点的下方。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的髋臼杯假体，其特征在于，所述弹性锁定舌扣具有内侧面、与所述内侧面平行的外侧面、以及与所述内侧面和外侧面垂直的顶面，所述抵靠面与所述弹性锁定舌扣的顶面之间的夹角为0-5度。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的髋臼杯假体，其特征在于，所述弹性锁定舌扣的外侧面与所述内衬的中轴线之间的夹角为40-50度。
  7. 根据权利要求1-3中任一所述的髋臼杯假体，其特征在于，所述凸起卡环在周向上的占角为90-180度。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的髋臼杯假体，其特征在于，所述凸起卡环为连续的一整段或者为间隔设置的多段。
  9. 根据权利要求1-3中任一所述的髋臼杯假体，其特征在于，所述内衬的开口外缘设置有突出部，所述外杯的开口内缘设置有与所述突出部相配合的凹陷部。
  10. 根据权利要求1-3中任一所述的髋臼杯假体，其特征在于，抵靠面上任意一点与外杯开口部的圆心之间的连线，该连线与水平面的夹角大于等于45度。
  11. 一种髋臼杯假体的锁定结构，所述髋臼杯假体包括外杯和内衬，所述内衬通过锁定结构锁定在所述外杯内，其特征在于，
    所述外杯的内表面沿周向设置有抵靠面；
    所述内衬的外表面上在承载部位设置有凸起卡环，在非承载部位设置有弹性锁定舌扣；
    所述凸起卡环和弹性锁定舌扣均与所述抵靠面抵靠以将所述内衬自锁在所述外杯内。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的髋臼杯假体的锁定结构，其特征在于，所述外杯的内表面沿周向设置有纵截面为三角形的环形凹槽，所述环形凹槽的靠近外杯开口部的一侧壁为所述抵靠面；
    或者，所述外杯的内表面沿周向设置有环形凸起，所述环形凸起的远离外杯开口部的一侧壁为所述抵靠面。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的髋臼杯假体的锁定结构，其特征在于，所述弹性锁定舌扣通过在所述内衬的外表面上挖设切向沟槽而形成，所述弹性锁定舌扣的朝向背向所述内衬的底部。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的髋臼杯假体的锁定结构，其特征在于，所述抵靠面对所述弹性锁定舌扣的作用力的延长线位于所述弹性锁定舌扣的根部中点的下方。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的髋臼杯假体的锁定结构，其特征在于，所述弹性锁定舌扣具有内侧面、与所述内侧面平行的外侧面、以及与所述内侧面和外侧面垂直的顶面，所述抵靠面与所述弹性锁定舌扣的顶面之间的夹角为0-5度。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的髋臼杯假体的锁定结构，其特征在于，所述弹性锁定舌扣的外侧面与所述内衬的中轴线之间的夹角为40-50度。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的髋臼杯假体的锁定结构，其特征在于，所述凸起卡环在周向上的占角为90-180度。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的髋臼杯假体的锁定结构，其特征在于，所述凸起卡环为连续的一整段或者为间隔设置的多段。
  19. 根据权利要求11所述的髋臼杯假体的锁定结构，其特征在于，所述内衬的开口外缘设置有突出部，所述外杯的开口内缘设置有与所述突出部相配合的凹陷部。
  20. 根据权利要求11所述的髋臼杯假体的锁定结构，其特征在于，抵靠面上任意一点与外杯开口部的圆心之间的连线，该连线与水平面的夹角大于等于45度。
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