WO2021147774A1 - 一种利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构及其应用 - Google Patents

一种利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构及其应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021147774A1
WO2021147774A1 PCT/CN2021/072010 CN2021072010W WO2021147774A1 WO 2021147774 A1 WO2021147774 A1 WO 2021147774A1 CN 2021072010 W CN2021072010 W CN 2021072010W WO 2021147774 A1 WO2021147774 A1 WO 2021147774A1
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Prior art keywords
wedge
light
connector
optical fiber
optical
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PCT/CN2021/072010
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金新刚
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嘉兴旭锐电子科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021147774A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021147774A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/381—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres
    • G02B6/3818—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres of a low-reflection-loss type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3833—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
    • G02B6/3845—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture ferrules comprising functional elements, e.g. filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4298—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with non-coherent light sources and/or radiation detectors, e.g. lamps, incandescent bulbs, scintillation chambers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of optical devices, and in particular relates to a structure using a wedge angle sheet to realize optical coaxiality and its application.
  • the docking object of the optical fiber connector is no longer the same type of connector, but is often an air medium.
  • Light passing through two media with different refractive indexes (such as optical fiber and air) will produce Finier reflection. This reflection will cause a reduction in return loss and have a greater impact on the front-end system.
  • Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b are schematic diagrams of the prior art.
  • FC/UPC flat-end face optical fiber connector
  • the vertical end face directly greatly reduces the return loss.
  • the prior art in order to solve this problem, usually adopts a bevel connector (such as FC/APC). Although this method will increase the return loss, the outgoing light will be deflected by an angle at the end surface (becoming refracted light), so that the light of the system is no longer coaxial.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the prior art solution.
  • the connector is pre-processed at an angle so that the light energy emitted from the inclined surface is basically horizontal, so that the light can be coaxial.
  • the scheme in Figure 2 is to process the sleeve b of the optical fiber ferrule a into an inclined form to form an angle with the shell c that is the same as the angle of light refraction, so that the emitted light is corrected to be parallel to the shell c and thus to the ball
  • the lens d is coaxial.
  • this type of design has a complex structure, which increases the difficulty of product processing.
  • the present invention proposes a new structure that uses a wedge angle piece to achieve optical coaxiality, and provides specific applications of this structure.
  • the principle diagram of the present invention As shown in Figure 3a and Figure 3b, the principle diagram of the present invention.
  • the light emitted from the optical fiber of the bevel connector will have a refraction angle, and a wedge plate with the opposite inclination angle is added in front of the emitted light.
  • the light enters the wedge plate and will be refracted in the opposite direction.
  • the wedge sheet is made of the same material as the refractive index of the fiber, so that the included angle of the wedge sheet is opposite to the same inclination angle of the end face of the connector, and the light direction can be corrected to the horizontal direction, which is consistent with the incident light of the fiber. Coaxial.
  • the refractive index of the wedge angle plate is different from that of the optical fiber, but the required included angle ⁇ can be obtained through simple calculations based on optical principles.
  • the direction of the light can also be corrected to the horizontal direction, which is consistent with the incidence of the optical fiber.
  • the wedge angle pieces described in the present invention include the above two types of angle pieces, and no special distinction is made.
  • the angle pieces are also uniformly represented by the shape of the angle pieces in FIG. 3a. Strictly speaking, the direction of the outgoing light passing through the wedge is the same as the direction of the incident light of the optical fiber, but there will be a slight parallel displacement that can be ignored in engineering.
  • the outgoing light described in this patent is coaxial with the incident light. A reasonable approximate expression.
  • a structure that uses wedge angle plates to realize optical coaxiality includes a socket and a connector as an insert.
  • the connector has an optical fiber and its light-emitting end surface is an inclined surface.
  • the light-emitting side of the connector corresponding to the connector has a wedge angle piece, and the wedge angle piece is opposite to the end surface of the connector. The direction of inclination is opposite.
  • the connector is an optical fiber ferrule
  • the receiving member is a layer of sleeve
  • the wedge piece is fixedly installed in the sleeve corresponding to the light exit side of the optical fiber ferrule.
  • the connector is an optical fiber ferrule
  • the receiving part is a coaxial inner sleeve and an outer sleeve (also called a shell)
  • the optical fiber ferrule is inserted in the inner sleeve
  • the wedge piece It is placed in the space where the outer casing is longer than the inner casing.
  • the light-emitting end surface of the optical fiber ferrule is an inclined surface, and the angle of the angle of the wedge plate and the light-emitting end surface of the optical fiber ferrule are opposite to each other.
  • one or more of the light exit surface of the optical fiber ferrule, the light entrance surface and the light exit surface of the wedge piece are plated with an antireflection coating to increase light transmittance.
  • the angle wedge plate adopts appropriate materials and included angles to correct the refracted light emitted by the optical fiber ferrule to be coaxial with the incident light.
  • the present invention also provides two applications of the above-mentioned structure including the above-mentioned preferred structure in optical function parts.
  • the technical solution using the above structure I is: adding an outer sleeve to the above structure I, and setting a collimator lens in the middle of the outer sleeve on the light exit side of the wedge plate to form a collimator.
  • the structure I can be fixed as an integral piece, and the whole is plugged and unplugged with respect to the outer casing.
  • a lens is arranged in the middle of the outer sleeve on the light emitting side of the wedge angle plate to form a collimator.
  • the other is used in pluggable photodetectors.
  • the technical solution using the above structure I is: adding an outer sleeve to the structure I, and setting a photodetector in the middle of the outer sleeve on the light exit side of the wedge plate to form a photodetector.
  • the structure I can be fixed as an integral piece, and the whole is plugged and unplugged with respect to the outer casing.
  • an electrical detection element is arranged in the outer sleeve on the light emitting side of the wedge plate to form a photodetector.
  • FIGS 1a and 1b are schematic diagrams of the principle of the prior art
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a technical solution in the prior art
  • 3a and 3b are schematic diagrams of the principle of the present invention.
  • Figures 4 and 5 are schematic diagrams of a structure in which optical coaxiality is realized by using a wedge angle sheet according to the present invention
  • FIGS 6 and 7 are schematic diagrams of the collimator using the wedge angle plate to realize the optical coaxial structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are schematic diagrams of the photodetector using the wedge angle plate to realize the optical coaxial structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show a structure of the present invention that uses a wedge angle plate to realize optical coaxiality.
  • the wedge piece 2 is preset and fixed on one side of the sleeve 3, and the optical fiber ferrule 1 containing the optical fiber 4 is inserted into the sleeve 3 from the other side of the sleeve 3 to a position close to but not in contact with the wedge piece 2.
  • the light output end surface of the optical fiber ferrule 1 is an inclined surface, and the wedge angle piece 2 and the light output end surface of the optical fiber ferrule 1 are inclined in opposite directions.
  • the angle wedge plate 2 adopts appropriate materials and included angles to correct the refracted light emitted by the optical fiber ferrule to be coaxial with the incident light.
  • the sleeve is composed of a coaxial inner sleeve 3.1 and an outer sleeve 3.2.
  • the optical fiber ferrule 1 is inserted into the inner sleeve 3.1, and the wedge piece 2 is placed in the outer sleeve 3.2 longer than the inner sleeve.
  • the light output end surface of the optical fiber ferrule 1 is an inclined surface, and the wedge angle piece 2 and the light output end surface of the optical fiber ferrule 1 are inclined in opposite directions.
  • Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 show a collimator that uses a wedge angle plate to realize optical coaxial structure according to the present invention.
  • the technical solution shown in Fig. 6 utilizes structure I, structure I with an outer sleeve 3.2, and a square ball lens 5 in the outer sleeve 3.2 on the light exit side of the wedge plate 2 to form a collimator.
  • the structure I can be fixed as an integral piece, and the whole is plugged and unplugged relative to the outer casing 3.2.
  • Fig. 7 utilizes structure II, and a ball lens is arranged in the outer sleeve 3.2 on the light exit side of the wedge plate 2 to form a collimator.
  • Figures 8 and 9 show a photodetector using a wedge angle plate to achieve optical coaxial structure according to the present invention.
  • the technical solution shown in Fig. 8 utilizes structure I, structure I with an outer sleeve 3.2, and the outer sleeve 3.2 on the light-emitting side of the wedge plate 2 with a central photodetector 6 to form a photodetector.
  • the structure I can be fixed as an integral piece, and the whole is plugged and unplugged relative to the outer casing 3.2.
  • FIG. 7 utilizes structure II, and a photodetector 6 is provided in the outer sleeve 3.2 on the light exit side of the wedge plate 2 to form a photodetector.
  • the ferrule and the sleeve, and the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve may be either a pluggable movable connection or a fixed connection.
  • One or more of the light exit surface of the optical fiber ferrule, the light entrance surface and the light exit surface of the wedge sheet are plated with an antireflection coating to increase the light transmittance.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)

Abstract

一种利用楔角片（2）实现光同轴的结构，包括承接件和作为插入件的连接头，连接头中有光纤（4），连接头的出光端面为倾斜面，在承接件中对应连接头的出光一侧有楔角片（2），楔角片（2）与连接头的端面相对，倾角方向相反。楔角片（2）采用适当的材料和夹角，即可将光纤插芯（1）出射的折射光校正到与入射光同轴。一种利用楔角片（2）实现光同轴的准直器或光电探测器，在外层套管（3.2）内楔角片（2）的出光一侧安装球透镜（5）或光电探测件（6）。

Description

一种利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构及其应用 技术领域
本发明属于光学器件技术领域，尤其涉及一种利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构及其应用。
 背景技术
在一些插拔式或接插式光学器件应用中，需要利用各种光纤连接头和带适配器的功能器件作为插拔结构，方便快捷的组成各种功能器件。在此类应用下，光纤连接头的对接对象不再是同类型的连接头，往往是空气媒介。光通过两个不同折射率的介质（如光纤和空气）会产生菲尼尔反射，这个反射会引起回波损耗的降低，对前端系统产生较大影响。
如图1a和图1b，现有技术原理图。如图1a，当采用平端面光纤连接头（FC/UPC）来作为可插拔或接插结构时，垂直端面直接大大降低回波损耗。如图1b，为解决这一问题，现有技术中通常采用斜面连接头（如FC/APC）。这一方式虽然会增加回波损耗，然而出射光会在端面偏折一个角度（成为折射光），使得系统的光不再同轴。如图2，现有技术解决方案示意图。为了让光同轴，在有些设计中会将连接头预先加工一个角度，使得从斜面出射的光能基本水平，从而使得光能够同轴。图2中的方案是，将光纤插芯a的套管b加工成倾斜式的，与外壳c形成一个与光折射角相同的夹角，这样将出射光校正到与外壳c平行，从而与球透镜d同轴。然而此类设计结构复杂，增加了产品的加工难度。
为了解决现有技术中的以上问题，本发明中提出一种新的结构，利用楔角片实现光同轴，并提供这种结构的具体应用。
 技术问题
如图3a和图3b，本发明的原理图。斜面连接头的光纤出射光会有一个折射角，在其出射光的前方加一倾角方向相反的楔角片，光进入楔角片后会产生反向的折射。在图3a中，楔角片采用与光纤折射率相同的材料，这样使楔角片的夹角与连接头端面倾角相同方向相反，即可将光的方向校正为水平方向，与光纤的入射光同轴。在图3b中，楔角片的折射率与光纤不同，但只根据光学原理通过简单计算，即可得出所需的夹角θ，同样可将光的方向校正为水平方向，与光纤的入射光同轴。本发明中所述的楔角片包括以上两种楔角片，不作特别区分，在实施例的附图中也统一以图3a中的楔角片形状表示。严格来说，经过楔角片的出射光方向与光纤的入射光的方向相同，但会有一个微小的在工程上可以忽略的平行位移，本专利所述的出射光与入射光同轴是一种合理的近似表达。
 技术解决方案
本发明的具体技术方案是：
一种利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构。包括承接件和作为插入件的连接头，连接头中有光纤，其出光端面为倾斜面，在承接件中对应连接头的出光一侧有楔角片，楔角片与连接头的端面相对，倾角方向相反。
作为优选方案，连接头为光纤插芯，承接件为一层套管，楔角片固定安装在套管中对应光纤插芯的出光侧。我们将该方案称为结构Ⅰ。
另一种优选方案，连接头为光纤插芯，承接件为同轴的内层套管和外层套管（也可称为外壳），光纤插芯插在内层套管中，楔角片置于外层套管长过内层套管部分的空间内。光纤插芯出光端面为倾斜面，楔角片与光纤插芯出光端面为倾角方向相反。我们将该方案称为结构Ⅱ。
作为优选方案，在光纤插芯的出光面、楔角片的入光面和出光面，其中的一个或多个面镀有增透膜，以增加透光性。
如上述原理所述，楔角片采用适当的材料和夹角，即可将光纤插芯出射的折射光校正到与入射光同轴。
本发明还提供上述结构包括上述的优选结构，在光学功能件中的两种应用。
一种是应用于准直器中。
利用上述结构Ⅰ的技术方案为：在上述结构Ⅰ外加外层套管，在楔角片出光侧的外层套管中方设置准直器用透镜，构成准直器。在本方案中结构Ⅰ可固定为一体件，整体相对外层套管插拔。
利用上述结构Ⅱ的技术方案为：在结构Ⅱ中楔角片出光侧的外层套管中方设置透镜，构成准直器。
另一种是应用于可插拔式光电探测器。
利用上述结构Ⅰ的技术方案为：在上述结构Ⅰ外加外层套管，在楔角片出光侧的外层套管中方设置光电探测件，构成光电探测器。在本方案中结构Ⅰ可固定为一体件，整体相对外层套管插拔。
利用上述结构Ⅱ的技术方案为：在结构Ⅱ中楔角片出光侧的外层套管中设置电探测件，构成光电探测器。
 有益效果
本发明中的所有技术方案中，插芯与套管间，内层套管与外层套管间，即可以是可插拔的活动连接，也可以是固定连接。
 附图说明
图1a和图1b为现有技术的原理示意图；
图2为现有技术的技术方案示意图；
图3a和图3b为本发明的原理示意图；
图4、图5为本发明一种利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构的示意图；
图6、图7为利用本发明的利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构的准直器示意图；
图8、图9为利用本发明的利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构的光电探测器示意图。
图中：Ⅰ-结构Ⅰ，Ⅱ-结构Ⅱ，1-光纤插芯、2-楔角片、3-套管、3.1-内层套管、3.2-外层套管、4-光纤，5-球透镜，6-光电探测件。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
图4和图5是本发明的一种利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构。
如图4所示，为本发明的结构Ⅰ。楔角片2预置固定在套管3的一侧，含有光纤4的光纤插芯1从套管3的另一侧插入套管3至靠近但不接触楔角片2的位置。光纤插芯1出光端面为倾斜面，楔角片2与光纤插芯1出光端面为倾角方向相反。如前文所述原理，楔角片2采用适当的材料和夹角，即可将光纤插芯出射的折射光校正到与入射光同轴。
如图5所示，为本发明的结构Ⅱ。套管为同轴的内层套管3.1和外层套管3.2组成，光纤插芯1插在内层套管3.1中，楔角片2置于外层套管3.2长过内层套管部分的空间内。光纤插芯1出光端面为倾斜面，楔角片2与光纤插芯1出光端面为倾角方向相反。
图6和图7为采用本发明的一种利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构的准直器。
图6所示的技术方案利用结构Ⅰ，结构Ⅰ外加外层套管3.2，在楔角片2出光侧的外层套管3.2中方球透镜5，构成准直器。在本方案中结构Ⅰ可固定为一体件，整体相对外层套管3.2插拔。
图7所示的技术方案利用结构Ⅱ，楔角片2出光侧的外层套管3.2中设置球透镜，构成准直器。
图8和图9为采用本发明的一种利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构的光电探测器。
图8所示的技术方案利用结构Ⅰ，结构Ⅰ外加外层套管3.2，在楔角片2出光侧的外层套管3.2中方光电探测件6，构成光电探测器。在本方案中结构Ⅰ可固定为一体件，整体相对外层套管3.2插拔。
图7所示的技术方案利用结构Ⅱ，楔角片2出光侧的外层套管3.2中设置光电探测件6，构成光电探测器。
 本发明的实施方式
上述各实施例中，插芯与套管间，内层套管与外层套管间，即可以是可插拔的活动连接，也可以是固定连接。在光纤插芯的出光面、楔角片的入光面和出光面，之中的一个或多个面镀有增透膜，以增加透光性。
 工业实用性
在此处键入工业实用性描述段落。
 序列表自由内容
在此处键入序列表自由内容描述段落。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构，包括承接件和作为插入件连接头，连接头中心有光纤，其特征在于：连接头的出光端面为倾斜面，在承接件中对应连接头的出光一侧有楔角片，楔角片与连接头的端面相对，倾角方向相反。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构，其特征在于：所述的连接头为光纤插芯，所述的承接件为套管，所述的楔角片固定安装在套管中对应光纤插芯的出光侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构，其特征在于：所述的连接头为光纤插芯，所述的承接件由同轴的内层套管和外层套管构成，光纤插芯插在内层套管中，楔角片置于外层套管长过内层套管部分的空间内。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构，其特征在于：所述的连接头的出光面、楔角片的入光面和出光面，其中的一个或多个面镀有增透膜。
  5. 一种准直器，其特征在于：在如权利要求2的利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构外，增加外层套管，在外层套管中楔角片的出光侧安装有透镜。
  6. 一种准直器，其特征在于：包括如权利要求3的利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构，在外层套管中楔角片的出光侧安装有透镜。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6的一种准直器，其特征在于：所述的光纤插芯的出光面、楔角片的入光面和出光面，其中的一个或多个面镀有增透膜。
  8. 一种光电探测器，其特征在于：在如权利要求2的利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构外，增加外层套管，在外层套管中楔角片的出光侧安装有光电探测件。
  9. 一种光电探测器，其特征在于：包括如权利要求3的利用楔角片实现光同轴的结构，在外层套管中楔角片的出光侧安装有光电探测件。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9的一种光电探测器，其特征在于：所述的光纤插芯的出光面、楔角片的入光面和出光面，其中的一个或多个面镀有增透膜。
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