WO2021144776A1

WO2021144776A1 - Method and system for biologically treating highly concentrated wastewater

Info

Publication number: WO2021144776A1
Application number: PCT/IB2021/050357
Authority: WO
Inventors: David DIN
Original assignee: Alpha Bioenergy Ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-17
Filing date: 2021-01-18
Publication date: 2021-07-22
Also published as: EP4090634A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for biologically treating highly concentrated wastewater, in particular wastewater with an extremely high nitrogen and phosphorus concentration, in particular from agricultural production or connection-free sanitary cubicles, wherein wastewater is conducted through at least one single-stage solids-separation device, the wastewater separated therefrom is conducted into a biological liquid process environment, the wastewater is clarified in the biological liquid process environment in order to form at least activated sludge and process water, the wastewater is conducted through an anaerobic, anoxic, and an aerobic process environment, and the wastewater is post-clarified in a post-clarification device, wherein at least one part of the activated sludge is recirculated into the biological process environment, and one part is discharged as pure water.

Description

description

Title of the invention: Process and system for the biological treatment of highly concentrated wastewater Technical field

Here a method and a system for biological treatment, in particular for nutrient removal, of highly concentrated wastewater, in particular with extremely high nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, in particular from agricultural production, fermentation residues or from connection-free sanitary cabins is described.

State of the art

Highly concentrated wastewater from connection-free sanitary cubicles has the following characteristics. It has a high proportion of solids, including coarse solids such as glass, metal, stones and / or textiles.

Highly concentrated wastewater has an extremely high concentration of nitrogen, an average of 2,000-4,000 mg / l. This value is approx. 40-80 times higher than the usual inflow of wastewater into a municipal sewage treatment plant. Such high nitrogen values are normally toxic for biological, municipal wastewater treatment. They override the normal clarification process of a municipal sewage treatment plant. It is therefore, especially often, forbidden to discharge such highly concentrated wastewater untreated to a municipal sewage treatment plant. Municipal sewage treatment plants therefore generally do not accept such highly concentrated wastewater at all.

Furthermore, highly concentrated wastewater has a very high concentration of

Phosphorus and potassium as well as strong biocides, which have a significant inhibitory effect on the biological treatment. The highly concentrated wastewater has an average extremely high, basic pH value of approx. 8.5 - 9.0, with a very high acid capacity, which also makes it difficult to lower the pH value. With such high pH values, biological wastewater treatment is very difficult or even impossible.

Various methods and systems are known for treating wastewater with a biological nutrient removal by denitrification and nitrification and subsequent solids separation.

It is known in fan management with very large animal husbandry to treat the liquid manure biologically at the point of origin to process and clear water, since transport to regions that would absorb liquid manure is more complex and cost-intensive.

Technical task The object is to provide a method and a system for biological treatment, in particular for the removal of nutrients from, in particular highly concentrated, wastewater from agricultural production, fermentation residues or from connection-free sanitary cabins of the type designated, which enable effective biological treatment of the wastewater.

Technical solution

A method for the biological treatment of highly concentrated wastewater is described here, in particular with extremely high nitrogen and phosphorus concentration, in particular from agricultural production or from connection-free sanitary cabins, with wastewater being passed through at least one single-stage solid separation device that is separated from it Wastewater is passed into a biological, liquid process environment, the wastewater is treated in the biological process environment, the wastewater is passed through an anaerobic, anoxic and an aerobic process environment and is clarified in a secondary clarifier, with at least part of the activated sludge in the biological Process environment is fed back and a part is discharged as process water.

Beneficial effects

The anaerobic process environment leads to hydrolysis. A recirculating living sludge promotes hydrolysis. The hydrolysis breaks down products such as short-chain, dissolved substances such as sugar, alcohol and organic acids. From a chemical point of view, an anaerobic environment is free of molecular oxygen. Thus, there is no dissolved oxygen. Organisms do not need free oxygen for their metabolism. Anaerobic cleaning is used for heavily polluted wastewater, especially for reasons of energy saving. An anaerobic digestion process produces biogas, a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide and a small amount of residual gas that can be used for heating under certain circumstances.

In an anoxic process environment, chemically bound oxygen is present, e.g. in the form of nitrates for denitrification. Denitrification describes a process for the breakdown of nitrate into molecular nitrogen by special microorganisms. Due to redox potential, one or only limited dissolved oxygen is sufficient. Microorganisms selectively reduce nitrate through enzymatic activities to molecular nitrogen in anoxic ambient conditions. So there is no freely dissolved oxygen in an anoxic environment.

Through denitrification, inorganic compounds are converted into nitrogen gas through a biological process and returned to the nitrogen cycle of the atmosphere. In an aerobic process environment, the oxygen is present in dissolved form. Living sludge is produced here. In the activated sludge process, the organic load is broken down in dissolved form by aerobic microorganisms. The microorganisms include bacteria, unicellular, sometimes multicellular algae, fungi, yeasts and protozoa. The aeration basin is extensively ventilated for an aerobic process environment. In all three basins and containers, the wastewater is preferably moved with rotors or agitators, especially arranged in a horizontal direction, in order to keep living sludge in suspension. Process water that has been cleaned by sedimentation is drained off in a secondary clarifier. Sludge from the bottom of the secondary clarifier is recirculated to the biological process environment as activated sludge. Excess sludge is discharged to the solids separation device.

Advantages are complete or almost complete nitrification and no additional flocculants or precipitants are required.

Due to the recirculation, in particular the activated sludge, the wastewater is alternately subjected to the at least three biological process environments until purified process water can be drained off.

Thus, the method and a corresponding system with devices for agricultural operations, fermentation residues or for collection points of highly concentrated wastewater from connection-free sanitary cabins can be implemented in a compact manner.

According to a further preferred method, part of the activated sludge is recirculated into the anaerobic process environment. Thus, the degradation conditions are improved by means of anaerobic organisms that live without free oxygen and gain energy without the presence of oxygen through incomplete degradation processes.

In order to further improve the anoxic process sequence, part of the living sludge from the secondary clarification device is re-circulated into the anoxic process environment. The anoxic process environment is used for denitrification as well as for anammox. Anammox is anaerobic ammonium oxidation without oxygen. Ammonium NH4 + with oxygen 02 and nitrite N02- is oxidized in an anaerobic and anoxic process environment to nitrogen N2 and nitrate N03- in an anamox process. Here, ammonium NH ₄ ^{+ is} proportioned with nitrite N0 ₂ under anaerobic conditions to form molecular nitrogen N ₂ and water 2 H ₂ O in a redox reaction. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation is initiated by specific bacteria such as Candidatus Brocadia Anammoxidans or bacteria such as Kuenenia stuttgartiensis and Scalindua sorokinii. It is also known that Candidatus Methanoperedens nitroreducens - an archaea from the order of the Methanosarcinales - carries out anaerobic methane oxidation. Two microorganisms can thus convert ammonium, methane and nitrate from wastewater into elementary, molecular nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Brocadia anammoxidans needed does not use oxygen and also uses the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. Due to the lack of energy required for ventilation, considerable energy is saved by approx. 10%, as well as a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions of up to 90%. It would also be possible to oxidize ammonium using anodes as a bioelectrical system for realizing a microbiological fuel cell.

In nitrification, in a bacterial oxidation from ammonia or ammonium ions in two sub-processes, nitrate N0 ₃ .

2 NH ₃ + 3 0 ₂ → 2N0 ₂ + 2H ⁺ + 2 H ₂ 0

[0019] Part of the activated sludge from the biological process environment is preferably recirculated into the storage tank via the secondary clarification device. This promotes the process of hydrolysis and acidification of the wastewater and the storage tank can also be used as an anaerobic basin. This means that anaerobic containers can also be saved.

In order to efficiently treat highly concentrated wastewater in a biological environment, the wastewater is clarified in batches in the biological process environment.

In order to promote and improve the treatment of highly concentrated wastewater, the biological treatment is supported by bioaugmentation, in particular by means of a controllable bioaugmentation device, with specific, defined microorganisms that are present in the aerobic tank at an oxygen content of approx. 0.5% nitrify, which is added directly to the process in the storage tank, in the anaerobic, anoxic process environment and in particular in the secondary clarification device for secondary clarification.

The performance of the method and system described below is aided by the application of the bioaugmentation device and technology external to the containers. This is achieved by adding specialized microbial species with unique properties in terms of their metabolic activities. In particular, these special bacterial cultures are characterized by a rich hydrolytic enzyme potential, which is used to break down the difficult-to-handle organic macromolecules of the wastewater into less complex substrates, which are then oxidized as easily biodegradable organic material. In addition, the increased ammonia content in the incoming wastewater, which inhibits bacterial growth in particular, is alleviated through the use of specialized nitrifying bacteria. Pollutants are removed by a group of bacterial cultures using their facultative metabolism under non-oxygenated conditions, resulting in lower energy consumption for ventilation purposes throughout the process. The increased ammonia content is caused by specialized, nitrifying Bacteria that oxidize ammonia nitrogen to nitrate are mitigated, the nitrate then being denitrified, whereby certain nutrients are used as the main components of the bioaugmentation bacterial cultures to support microbial growth and various microbial species, most of which belong to the genus Bacillus, in particular non-pathogenic, the specific microorganisms, in particular Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefacien being. The Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefacien are each a gram-positive, rod-shaped, flagellated soil bacterium. Like all bacteria of the genus Bacillus, B. subtilis is a facultative aerobically growing endospore former.

The specific, defined microorganisms are also facultative anaerobes and / or facultative aerobes and obligate anaerobes. Facultative anaerobes are organisms that can operate an anaerobic metabolism, but can use it in the presence of oxygen, i.e. can grow under both anoxic and oxic conditions, e.g. Paracoccus denitrificans, E. coli. The optional aerobic and obligatory anaerobic Desulfuromonadales are also preferred.

A preferred method thus comprises that the biological treatment is supported by a specific bioaugmentation, in particular by means of a controllable bioaugmentation device, with specific, defined microorganisms with a rich hydrolytic enzyme potential, by means of which difficult-to-treat organic macromolecules of the wastewater into less complex Molecules are broken down and then oxidized into easily biodegradable organic molecules, with fa cultative aerobes and obligate anaerobes, in particular desulfuromonadales, being used as specific, defined microorganisms, which nitrify in the aerobic tank at an oxygen content of approx. 0.5%, with pollutants By removing a group of bacterial cultures by utilizing their facultative metabolism under non-oxygenated conditions, the use of specialized nitrifying bacteria mitigate the ammoniacal nitrogen to nit rat oxidize, the nitrate is then deni trified, with certain nutrients to support microbial growth and various microbial species are used as the main components of the bioaugmentation bacterial cultures, most of which belong to the genus of the Bacillus genus, especially non-pathogenic, whereby the Specific microorganisms controlled in the process in the storage container, in the anaerobic, anoxic process environment and (/ or) in the Nachklärvor direction for final clarification are added directly.

The specific, defined microorganisms are facultative anaerobes and / or facultative aerobes and obligate anaerobes. Facultative anaerobes are or- Organisms that can operate an anaerobic metabolism, but can also use O2 in the presence of oxygen, i.e. can grow under both anoxic and oxic conditions, e.g. Paracoccus denitrificans, E. coli. The optional aerobic and obligatory anaerobic Desulfuromonadales are also preferred. This means that a flocculant is no longer necessary. Bio augmentation is the introduction of microorganisms in order to create a culture of bacteria and organisms. The organism culture treats highly concentrated wastewater more efficiently. Bioaugmentation is continued continuously, since the microorganisms do not multiply by themselves, in particular not sufficiently enough. Compared to conventional bacteria, the specific bacteria for bioaugmentation cannot prevail in such a way that they have to be updated continuously.

In order to obtain purified process water efficiently, the wastewater is by means of

Membrane filtration clarified, the clarification device being designed as a membrane filtration device.

In order to use fewer chemicals and avoid precipitants, excess sludge is preferably removed from the biological process environment, from the secondary clarifier, especially after recirculation with the single-stage solids separation device, in particular with a high proportion of phosphorus. Furthermore, due to the specific biological bacteria, no chemicals and precipitants are necessary.

In a preferred alternative method, the wastewater in the biological process environment is carried out alternately in at least one basin or container, in particular in a flow channel for denitrification and nitrification. In particular, the wastewater is clarified with at least two basins one after the other, with a first anoxic basin and a second aerobic basin, in particular with a first anoxic basin section and a second aerobic basin section, or the waste water in the container is treated intermittently anoxically and aerobically. An endless sewer with an endless loop has the advantage that denitrification and nitrification processes affect the wastewater for treatment more quickly.

In order to make the method and the system even more compact, the template container is used as an anaerobic basin and as part of the biological treatment.

In order to treat highly concentrated wastewater efficiently, especially in larger quantities, parts of activated sludge and equal parts of water are successively mixed with fractions of highly concentrated wastewater at the beginning of a treatment, and parts of all of the aforementioned three parts, ie activated sludge, water and fractions of highly concentrated Wastewater, added and added successively in the same time segments, and thus the volume of the waste water to be clarified is successively increased per time segment. The cleaning process is gradually started up with a suitable, properly weighed mixture and the process is maintained.

A biology is thus created with which the volume for treating the highly concentrated wastewater is gradually increased and the proportions are essentially kept the same, so that the highly concentrated wastewater is clarified efficiently and with a larger volume over longer periods of time. Due to the extremely high nitrogen concentration of the wastewater, only so much of the mixture may be passed into the biology that the pH value always remains within a range of 6.5-8.0 during the biological process, otherwise the biological process of nitrification and denitrification is interrupted.

The anoxic part of the treatment is mainly used for denitrification and anammox.

In order to avoid an additional addition of acids and bases and thus

Saving resources, according to a further, preferred method, a balance in the biological process environment, in particular in the anaerobic and anoxic process environment, between a pH value of 6.0 (slightly acidic) to 8 (slightly basic) is achieved through the interplay of highly concentrated, Strongly alkaline wastewater with a very high acid capacity, an acidic activated sludge and an acidic, biological process environment with a control of the aerobic air supply in the aerobic process environment based on the pH value of the wastewater from the aerobic process environment is monitored and maintained. The method is thus a self-contained process system.

In order to trigger hydrolysis in the storage tank and thus to simplify the subsequent treatment s steps, ie substances that are difficult to degrade are broken down into easily degradable substances by hydrolysis and to avoid additional energy input, activated sludge from the secondary clarifier is also preferred , in particular from the biological process environment is recirculated into the storage tank.

According to a further educational method, excess sludge from the biological aerobic process environment and from the secondary clarification device, in particular a membrane device, is fed to the solids separation device. Thus, the treatment of wastewater is kept compact.

According to a further training method, the clarified process wastewater is checked for the quality of the clarification.

There is here a system for the biological treatment of highly concentrated

Wastewater described, especially with extremely high nitrogen and phosphorus con- centration, in particular from agricultural production, of fermentation residues or from connection-free sanitary cabins, with a solids separation device, with a biological process environment with at least one container for an anaerobic process environment, with at least one container for denitrification with an anoxic process environment and for nitrification with an aerobic process environment by means of devices for controllable air intake and a machine device comprising sensors, controls, pumps, circulation devices as well as supply and discharge lines and a secondary clarification device, whereby the containers are successively connected in series to dissipate the waste water, with at least one recirculation line for activated sludge from the Nachklärvor device is designed for the biological process environment. Thus, biologically efficient, highly concentrated wastewater with a very high degree of denitrification, nitrification and elimination of nitrogen is treated. Since the efficiency of the biological process environment is much higher, digestate can also be treated, whereby resources in the form of additional acid and alkali, as well as electrical energy supply, are conserved.

According to a further preferred embodiment, a recirculation line for activated sludge is formed from the secondary clarification device to the container of the biological anoxic process environment. Thus, the balance of the pH value in the wastewater from the aerobic process environment can be adjusted more efficiently and a high cleaning performance can be achieved.

For the same reasons, a recirculation line for activated sludge is formed from the secondary clarification device to the container of the biological anaerobic process environment, with a storage tank located in the line flow of the wastewater for the presentation of the highly concentrated wastewater to be clarified after the solid separation device.

In order to efficiently activate hydrolysis already in the storage tank, the device is further preferably designed with a recirculation line for activated sludge from the secondary clarification device to the storage tank.

The system is designed in such a way that a method described above can be carried out.

In order to achieve a high cleaning performance, the secondary clarifier is designed as a membrane activation and filtration MBR tank.

In order to efficiently control a balance with regard to the pH value in the biological process environment, in particular in the wastewater from the aerobic process environment and the process described above, in the pH value process window described above, the device preferably comprises a storage program. mbare- (SPS) control, which with sensors arranged in the aerobic container for Online measurement of pH value, dissolved oxygen content, ammonium and nickel content and solids concentration content, with level sensors in the containers and with an online redox measuring device located in the anoxic container for measuring the reduction potential, and which is connected to actuators , which pump activated sludge via recirculation lines from the secondary clarifier into the aerobic and / or into the anoxic container and / or into the storage container, with devices as actuators controlling an air intake with air diffusers in the aerobic container, and circulation devices as actuators to move the wastewater in the containers and Pumps as actuators convey the wastewater through the individual containers in the river.

In order to make the system compact and space-saving, with few or no connecting lines, containers for the biological process environment, in particular cylindrical, are designed, the container for the anaerobic process environment being designed in a centered manner and concentrically ring-shaped or semi-ring-shaped containers, in particular from the inside to the outside, are designed for an anoxic process environment and an aerobic process environment. Advantages of the centered cylinder for an anaerobic process environment are the implementation of a continuous, one-step process, so that wastewater continuously flows in and process water is passed on into the anoxic container 3b. The external process processes in the outer, surrounding ring of the anoxic process environment and aerobic process environment 3b and 3c generate heat and thus supply process heat to the centered anaerobic process environment 3a. The oxidation of ammonium generates heat. Heat supports the anaerobic process. It goes without saying that any other geometry, instead of a circle, also includes angular designs with the same mode of operation, a centered container and outer surrounding containers. Round basins are preferable to square ones, as solids are avoided in corners.

The container is made of concrete, in particular with a cover made of concrete, the bottom of the container is inclined to an outlet, the cover has openings for cleaning, at least one cuboid container with devices for control and before - and clarification is arranged.

In order to eliminate potassium from the process water, the method and the system can advantageously be supplemented, comprising a dialysis unit with a dialysis stage that removes contaminants, such as potassium, and a re-concentration stage for the dialysate, in the form of a continuous cycle process that removes contaminants from the dialysate , especially potassium, is re-concentrated. Thus the process is self-sustaining.

The method is preferably developed as follows in order to eliminate potassium from the process water, after cleaning by the biological processes environment and the secondary clarification, the process water is fed into a dialysis unit, concentrate substances, in particular potassium, are extracted from the process water with a fresh dialysate and a dialysis membrane and the used dialysate is re-concentrated to fresh dialysate.

A continuous process sequence is thus guaranteed.

A computer program product is described which can be loaded into a memory of an above-described PLC controller of the above-described device and with which an above-described method for maintaining a balance of the pH value between 6.0 and 8.0 in the biological process environment, in particular in wastewater from the aerobic process environment, can be executed.

Advantageously, no acid and no alkaline solutions are necessary as additives in order to keep the treatment process in the running process.

The use of solids as farm manure is described, which is excreted from this device in a single-stage solids separation device due to the method described above.

By operating the small wastewater treatment plant at a pH value in the range 6.5-7.5, it is ensured that no ammonia gases can escape into the environment despite the entry of air.

Anammox is an acronym derived from the words Anaerobic Ammonium-

Composed by oxidation. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation is a biological process from the area of the nitrogen cycle.

As the name suggests, anaerobic ammonium oxidation is an oxidation process that takes place without oxygen (anaerobic). Ammonium (NH4 +) is synproportionated with nitrite (N02-) under anaerobic conditions to form molecular nitrogen (N2):

NH4 + + NO2- - »N2 + 2 H20

Under standard conditions, 357.8 kJ of energy is released per mole of oxidized ammonium (AG0 = -357.8 kJ).

Brief description of the drawings

Possible embodiments will now be explained in more detail with reference to the attached schematic representations, of which show:

A sequence of the method according to a first variant embodiment;

[Fig-2]. a sequence of the method according to the first embodiment variant in more detailed form and

[0058] to 10 different views of the system according to the invention for

Execution of the procedure.

Description of the types of execution The [fig.l] shows schematically a system 100 and a method for the biological treatment of wastewater 200 with extremely high nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, in particular wastewater 200 from agricultural production, such as liquid manure and fermentation residues or wastewater 200 from toilet cubicles without connection .

Highly concentrated wastewater 200 is passed through process steps in an automated manner and initially fed to at least one single-stage solids separation device 1. Coarse solids and some of the finer solids are thus retained in order to prevent the following pumps and pipelines from being blocked. Too many fine solids impair the oxygen input in biology. Here, the highly concentrated wastewater is separated into solids 12 for agriculture or for combustion and the liquid, highly concentrated wastewater 210 is fed into a storage container 2 and temporarily stored there. The storage container 2 comprises a circulation device 221 in order to support and mix the highly concentrated wastewater 210 in the process. The circulating device 221 is therefore an agitator. In the storage tank 2, processes of anaerobic clarification can already be activated to support the process, which is triggered by feeding activated sludge 400 from a secondary clarification device 4 via a recirculation line 6. In order to clarify the highly concentrated wastewater 220 under anaerobic microorganisms, this is preferably carried out in two different process reactors.

The anaerobic process takes place in four phases. The first phase is hydrolysis, in which long-chain, often undissolved substances such as proteins, fats and carbohydrates are dissolved and converted into fragments such as amino acids, fatty acids and sugar. In a second phase, acid-forming microorganisms convert the hydrolyzed substances into short-chain organic acids, e.g. butyric acid, propionic acid and acetic acid. Hydrogen and carbon dioxide can be produced in small quantities.

The parameters for this are a temperature range between 25 ° and 35 °, with a pH value between 5.2 and 6.3 being generated. The third and fourth phases are preferably in a further container 3a of a biological process environment 30. For this purpose, the now acidified wastewater 220 flows into the container 3a for the anaerobic process environment. In this anaerobic process environment, in addition to the processes of the first and second phases, the third and fourth phases can run independently. In the third phase, acetic acid is formed from the preformed acids and alcohols. Then, in a fourth phase, methane bacteria arise, which are fed, for example, through the activated sludge 400 from the secondary clarification device 4 via a recirculation line 51 into the container 3a for the anaerobic process environment. Methane bacteria then produce methane from hydrogen, carbon dioxide and acetic acid. It goes without saying that all four phases can take place in a single container 3a as a reactor. Due to the different environmental conditions with regard to pH value and temperature, namely the first and second or third and fourth phase at a pH value between 6.7 and 7.5 and a higher temperature between 35 ° and 60 °, it is necessary to improve the Degradation is advantageous if these run in two different containers, for example 2, 3. An agitator or a circulating device 233 ensures homogeneous mixing of the highly concentrated wastewater 230 for its anaerobic process operations.

The highly concentrated wastewater 230 is preferably transferred from the biologically anaerobic process environment into the anoxic process environment 3b. A further addition of activated sludge 400 via a recirculation line 52 from the secondary clarifier 4 runs through an anoxic process, ie denitrification and an anammox process takes place in which nitrogen and water are generated from nitrate and bound oxygen in four stages will. Metalloenzymes, nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase, nitrogen monoxide reductase and nitrogen monoxide reductase are used for catalysis. Since the individual process steps of denitrification are positive, nitrate is used as an electron acceptor (oxidizing agent) for your oxidative energy metabolism (oxidative phosphor elimination) when no or only limited molecular oxygen is available.

The highly concentrated wastewater 231, which has now been denitrified, is fed into the aerobic process environment 3c via a line 1. A circulation device 234 supports the circulation in the anoxic process container 3b. An air introduction device 235 with air diffusers for injecting air is formed in the aerobic process container 3c, so that nitrification with oxygen takes place.

The nitrified wastewater 232 is then passed on through line 2 into a secondary clarification device 4. Via recirculation lines 5 with line branches 51 and 52, wastewater in the form of activated sludge 400 is returned to the biological process environment 30 and thus passed through several times until clear water is created from the process water 240, which is diverted from the secondary clarifier 4.

Activated sludge 400 is passed from secondary clarification device 4 to storage tank 2 via line 6. It goes without saying that pumps and circulating devices for conveying the activated sludge 400 and the wastewater 200, 210, 220, 230, 231, 232 from a programmable logic controller 15 with a memory 16 built into the SPS controller 15 is to be controlled, so that before given methods are carried out according to a specific algorithm.

From the secondary clarification device 4, excess sludge 112 is transferred into the solids separation device 1 via a line 11. The solids device 1 separates thus phosphorus from the excess sludge 112, which was clarified by the biological process environment 30 and the secondary clarifier 4 from the wastewater.

In order to improve the treatment of highly concentrated wastewater 200, a bioaugmentation device 7 is furthermore preferably provided, which feeds microbacteria into the secondary clarification device 4 via a line 8. Via a line 9 with line branches 91 and 92, microbacteria are fed from the bioaugmentation device 7 to the container 3a of the anaerobic process environment and to the container 3b of the anoxic process environment. Microbacteria and microorganisms are fed from the bio-augmentation device 7 to the storage container 2 via a line 10.

Via the line 111, excess sludge from the container 3c is the aerobic

The process environment is fed to the solids separation device 1 and excess sludge 112 is passed from the secondary clarification device 4 to the solids separation device 1 via the line 11.

The [fig.1] shows after the cleaning by the biological process environment and the secondary clarification in the after the secondary clarification device 4 that the process water is passed into a dialysis unit 45, concentrates or protective substances 48, in particular potassium, from the process water a fresh dialysate 46 and a dialysis membrane 47 are pulled out and the used dialysate 48 is re-concentrated to fresh dialysate 46.

The [fig. 2] shows the system 100 known from [fig. 1] with additionally shown, arranged pumps as an air inlet device 235 for the air inlet and for the onward transport of the wastewater 232, here in particular for the treatment of a fermentation residue treatment device.

FIG. 2 also shows that a redox sensor 32 is provided in the anoxic container 3b and four different DO (dissolved oxygen) sensors 32-37, TS-IPH / T 34 in the aerobic container 3c are provided in order to determine the wastewater in more detail and thus control the inflow to the anaerobic container 3a from the Vorla container, as well as activated sludge via the line branches 51 and the supply of microorganisms via the line branches 91 of the bioaugmentation device 7. In addition, the entry of air into the aerobic container 3c is controlled with it. The sensors 32-37 for measuring devices can also be arranged behind the aerobic container 3c in front of the final clarification device 4. The final clarification device 4 can be designed in different ways. Here, the final clarification device 4 is preferably designed as a so-called MBR tank with a membrane filtration device. In this special embodiment, a further container 14 is provided after the MBR tank for sedimentation. The final clarification device 4 comprises two level sensors 41-42 for successive control of the feed pump. [0073] [FIG. 3] to 10 show different views of the system according to the invention for

Execution of the procedure.

The variants of the method and the device described above are only used to provide a better understanding of the structure, the mode of operation and the properties of the solution presented; they do not restrict the disclosure to the exemplary embodiments. The figures are schematic, where essential properties and effects are shown in some cases significantly enlarged in order to clarify the functions, operating principles, technical configurations and features. Any mode of operation, any principle, any technical design and any feature that / which is / are disclosed in the figures or in the text, with all claims, every feature in the text and in the other figures, other modes of operation, principles , technical configurations and features that are contained in this disclosure or result from it, can be freely and arbitrarily combined, so that all conceivable combinations can be attributed to the solution described. Combinations between all individual statements in the text, that is, in each section of the description, in the claims and also combinations between different variants in the text, in the claims and in the figures are also included.

The device and method details explained above are shown in context; however, it should be noted that they are also independent of one another and can also be freely combined with one another. The relationships shown in the figures of the individual parts and sections thereof to one another and their dimensions and proportions are not to be understood as limiting.

Rather, individual dimensions and proportions can also differ from those shown.

The claims also do not limit the disclosure and thus the possible combinations of all the features shown with one another. All the features shown are explicitly disclosed here individually and in combination with all other features.

Claims

Expectations

[Claim 1] Process for the biological treatment of highly concentrated wastewater, in particular with extremely high nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, in particular from agricultural production or from connection-free sanitary cabins, with wastewater being passed through an at least one-stage solids separation device, and the wastewater separated therefrom into a biological, liquid process environment is passed, the wastewater is clarified in the biological process environment at least to activated sludge and process water, the wastewater is passed through an anaerobic, anoxic and an aerobic process environment and is clarified in a secondary clarifier, at least part of the Activated sludge is returned to the biological process environment and some of it is discharged as pure water.

[Claim 2] The method according to claim 1, wherein part of the activated sludge is recirculated into the anaerobic process environment, part of the activated sludge is recirculated into the anoxic process environment, part of the activated sludge is recirculated into the storage tank, the wastewater in a Storage tank is passed, wherein the storage tank is used as an anaerobic basin and part of the biological treatment and / or the wastewater is clarified in the biological process environment in batches, with ammonium NH ₄ ⁺ with oxygen 0 ₂ and nitrite N0 ₂ in the anaerobic and in the anoxic process environment to nitrogen N ₂ and nitrate N0 _{3 is} oxidized in an anammox process.

[Claim 3] The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the biological treatment is supported by a specific bioaugmentation, in particular by means of a controllable Bioaugmentationsvor direction, with specific, defined microorganisms with a rich hydrolytic enzyme potential, by means of which difficult-to-treat organic Macromolecules of the wastewater are broken down into less complex molecules and then oxidized into easily biodegradable organic molecules, with facultative aerobes and obligatory anaerobes, in particular desulfuromonadales, being used as specific, defined microorganisms, which are used in the aerobic tank with an oxygen content of approx 0.5% nitrifying, whereby pollutants are removed by a group of bacterial cultures using their facultative metabolism under non-oxygenated conditions, mitigating the use of specialized nitrifying bacteria become, the ammonia Oxidize nitrogen to nitrate, the nitrate then being denitrified, using certain nutrients to support microbial growth and various microbial species as the main components of the bioaugmentation bacterial cultures, most of which belong to the genus of the Bacillus genus, especially non-pathogenic, whereby the specific microorganisms are Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amy- loliquefacien, the specific microorganisms being metered directly into the process in the storage container, in the anaerobic, anoxic process environment and (/ or) in the final clarification device for final clarification.

[Claim 4] The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein excess sludge is removed from the biological process environment, from the secondary clarifier, in particular after circulating with the single-stage solids separation device, in particular with a high proportion of phosphorus.

[Claim 5] The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the wastewater in the biological process environment is continuously clarified in a flow channel, in particular with a first anoxic basin section and a second aerobic basin section or the wastewater in the container is treated intermittently anoxically and aerobically.

[Claim 6] The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein parts of live sludge and equal parts of water are successively mixed with fractions of hochkonzen trated wastewater at the beginning of the clarification, and in the same ratio parts of all of the aforementioned three parts are successively added in equal periods of time and are supplied, and thus the volume of wastewater to be clarified is successively increased per time segment.

[Claim 7] The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a balance in the biological process environment, in particular in the anaerobic / anoxic process environment, between a pH value of 6.0 (slightly acidic) to 8 (slightly basic) by the The interaction of highly concentrated, strongly alkaline wastewater with a very high acid capacity, an acidic live sludge and an acidic biological process environment with an aerobic control in the aerobic process environment based on the pH value of the wastewater from the aerobic process environment is monitored and maintained.

[Claim 8] Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein excess sludge (11) from the biological aerobic process environment (3c) and from the secondary clarification device (4), in particular from a membrane filtration device, the solids separation device (1) is fed.

[Claim 9] The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, wherein after the cleaning through the biological process environment and the secondary clarification, the process water is passed into a dialysis unit (45), concentrate substances (48), in particular potassium, from the process water with a fresh one Dialysate (46) and a dialysis membrane (47) are pulled out and the used dialysate (48) is again concentrated to fresh dialysate (46).

[Claim 10] System (100) for the biological treatment of highly concentrated wastewater (200), in particular with extremely high nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, in particular from agricultural production or from connection-free sanitary cabins, with a solids separation device (1), with a biological process environment (30) with at least one container (3a) for an anaerobic process environment, with at least one container (3b, 3c) for denitrification with an anoxic process environment and for nitrification with an aerobic process environment, with devices (235) for controllable air intake and a machine device comprising sensors (32-37), controls, pumps, circulation devices (31, 32) as well as supply and discharge lines and a final clarification device (4), the containers successively removing the waste water (200, 210, 220, 230, 231 , 232) are connected in series, with at least one recirculation line (5) for activated sludge amm is formed from the secondary clarifier (4) to the biological process environment (30).

[Claim 11] System (100) according to the preceding claim 10, wherein a recirculation line (5) for activated sludge is formed from the secondary clarification device (4) to the container (3b) of the biological anoxic process environment (30), a recirculation line (5 , 51) is designed for activated sludge from the secondary clarification device to the container (3a) of the biological anaerobic process environment, with a storage tank (2) located in the pipe flow of the wastewater (210, 220) for the submission of the highly concentrated wastewater (200) to be clarified according to the Solids separation device (1) is arranged, wherein a recirculation line (6) for activated sludge is formed from the secondary clarification device (4) to the storage container (2), the system being designed in such a way that a method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 9 can be carried out, the secondary clarifying device (4) being designed as a membrane activation and filtration MBR tank.

[Claim 12] System (100) according to the preceding claim, wherein a programmable logic controller (PLC) control with sensors (34-37) arranged in the aerobic container (3c) for online measurement of pH value, dissolved sow material content, ammonium and nitrate content and solids concentration content, with level sensors (41-42) in the containers and with an online redox measuring device (32) arranged in the anoxic container (35) for measuring the reduction potential, as well as with actuators (233 , 234, 43), which pump the activated sludge from the biological process environment via recirculation lines from the secondary clarification device (4) into the aerobic and / or anoxic container (3c, 3b) and / or into the storage container (2), which Control blower devices (235) with air diffusers in the aerobic container (3c), which move the wastewater in the containers with circulation devices and which convey the wastewater through the individual containers (3a, 3b, 3c) in the flow with pumps.

[Claim 13] System according to one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the containers (3a, 3b, 3c) are cylindrical for the biological process environment (30), the container (3a) for the anaerobic process environment being centered and concentrically ring-shaped and / or semi-ring-shaped containers for an anoxic process environment (3b) and an aerobic process environment (3a) are designed, the container (3a-c) being made of concrete, in particular with a cover (38) made of concrete, the base (34 ) the container is designed to be inclined towards an outlet, the cover (38) having openings (31) for cleaning, at least one cuboid-shaped container with devices for control and preliminary and final clarification being arranged.

[Claim 14] Computer program product which can be loaded into a memory of a PLC control of the device (100) according to the preceding claim 12 and with which a method according to claim 7 can be carried out.

[Claim 15] Use of solids (12) as farm manure, which is separated according to a method according to one of Claims 1 to 9 in a single-stage solids separation device (1).