WO2021142518A1 - Processo e sistema de ativação e monitorização neuromuscular artificial baseado em inteligência artificial - Google Patents
Processo e sistema de ativação e monitorização neuromuscular artificial baseado em inteligência artificial Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
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- G16H20/00—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
- G16H20/30—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to physical therapies or activities, e.g. physiotherapy, acupressure or exercising
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- G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
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Definitions
- the present invention predominantly belongs to the health area, focusing on physiotherapy applications aimed at activating neuromuscular tissues.
- the developed technology is also located in the field of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), as it comprises knowledge related to devices that employ artificial intelligence and the internet of things (IoT internet of things). More particularly, the invention addresses matters pertaining to automatic, non-invasive equipment aimed at continued neuromuscular electrical activation.
- ICTs Information and Communication Technologies
- the developed technology constitutes a system endowed with IoT resource, with horizontal monitoring of the neuromuscular condition, data processing in the cloud, from databases making use of big data knowledge, also employing machine learning techniques , also known as machine learn and techniques to prevent, treat and diagnose disorders of the neuromuscular system, through neurophysiological tests and artificial neuromuscular activation. All these actions are performed automatically, continuously, locally or remotely.
- the system has Hardware, firmware and software resources that allow the control of therapeutic and diagnostic parameters, ensuring the proper adjustments for each muscle group.
- the invention makes it feasible to apply a more effective, customized and personalized dose for each muscle group of each patient.
- the invention is also capable of executing different therapeutic protocols that are pre-programmed in the system and new protocols can be loaded remotely from a server that can be in a cloud structure and that is an integral part of the system. These same therapeutic protocols can also be automatically updated through a local artificial intelligence algorithm, run by specific and dedicated processor. The parameterization of the local neural network can also be changed by the action of a higher layer of artificial intelligence running in the cloud. At this level, the global dynamics and efficiencies of all therapies, of all patients served by the system, are constantly evaluated and categorized.
- the invention partially fits into the group of non-invasive transcutaneous electrical stimulation equipment, but it distances itself from any type of electromedical equipment currently available in the state of the art, as it is a set of innovations that are configured in a whole new therapeutic technique called, in this application for the privilege of invention, the Artificial Neuromuscular Monitoring and Activation System, with the acronym SAMNA.
- SAMNA Artificial Neuromuscular Monitoring and Activation System
- the technology encompassed by the invention can be used for the recovery of multiple trauma patients, with partial and/or complete spinal cord injuries, in physiotherapy clinics, or to prevent acquired muscle weakness and critical illness polyneuromyopathy in therapy centers intensive care or hospital beds; in addition, it can be used in nursing homes for the elderly or similar applications.
- Another unique and innovative feature of the present invention which absolutely distinguishes it from the state of the art, is its IoT structure, which enables the system for other unprecedented functionalities, such as homecare, business intelligence, data mining (data mining) , among many others.
- Electrical stimulation has several applications, both for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. Electrical stimulation can be applied to the central and peripheral nervous system, in addition to the musculotendinous system (Zaehle Tl, Rach S, Herrmann CS. Transcranial alternating current stimulations enhances individual alpha activity in human EEG. PLoS One 2010; 5(11): el3766. ; Routsi C, Gerovasili V,ieriiadis I, et al. Electrical muscle stimulation prevents critical illness polyneuromyopathy: a randomized parallel intervention trial. Crit Care 2010;14:R74). [7] The application technique can be invasive, using needle electrodes, or non-invasive, using transcutaneous electrodes (Lacomis D.
- neuromuscular electrical stimulation also known in the state of the art as NMES, or NeuroMuscular Electrical Stimulation
- NMES NeuroMuscular Electrical Stimulation
- NMES NeuroMuscular Electrical Stimulation
- Neuromuscular and osteotendinous trophism increase muscle strength and increase blood flow
- Maffiuletti NA Minetto MA, Farina D, Bottinelli R. Electrical stimulation for neuromuscular testing and training: state-of-the art and unresolved issues.
- Bieuzen F Pournot H, Roulland R, Hausswirth C. Recovery after high-intensity intermittent exercise in elite soccer players using VEINOPLUS sport technology for blood-flow stimulation.
- the TEDE is a nonspecific test where it is not possible to establish the cause of the injury, but only if there is an injury, it has an advantage over the others: from the results obtained in this exam, it is possible to establish more effective parameters for NMES treatments (Silva PE, Babault N, Mazullo JB, Oliveira TP, Lemos BL, Carvalho VO, et al. Safety and feasibility of a neuromuscular electrical stimulation chronaxie-based protocol in critical ill patients: a prospective observational study. J Crit Care 2017;37:141-8).
- the TEDE is based on the diagnostic principle of different responses evoked by the nerve and muscle with predetermined stimulation parameters (Paternostro-Sluga T, Schuhfried O, Vacariu G, Lang T, Fialka-Moser V. Chronaxie and accommodation index in the diagnosis ofmuscle denervation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002;81:253-60). Evoking muscle contraction requires pre-synaptic neuron excitation. And there are four parameters evaluated in the stimulus electrodiagnostic test: rheobase, chronaxia, accommodation and accommodation index.
- the minimal stimulus with a rectangular pulse shape and infinite pulse width (1,000 milliseconds) to reach the excitability threshold, that is, to evoke a minimal visible contraction, is called the rheobase (Patemostro-Sluga T, Schuhfried O , Vacariu G, Lang T, Fialka-Moser V. Chronaxie and accommodation index in the diagnosis of muscle denervation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002;81:253-60).
- Chronaxy is the smallest rectangular pulse width necessary to evoke minimal visible contraction, using as intensity twice the rheobase value (Paternostro-Sluga T, Schuhfried O, Vacariu G, Lang T, Fialka-Moser V. Chronaxie and accommodation). index in the diagnosis of muscle denervation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002;81:253-60).
- chronaxia values become higher, as evoked contractions are no longer acquired from presynaptic nerve activation, but rather from direct activation of muscle fibers, which require more energy.
- their respective presynaptic nerve fibers fire electrical stimulation, while in denervated muscles are the muscle fibers that react to the stimulus. Nerves have lower chronaxia values than muscle fibers, therefore, innervated muscles have lower chronaxies.
- the average value of chronaxis of an innervated muscle varies on average from 60 to 200ps.
- Accommodation is the property of healthy muscle of not responding, or only responding with high intensities, to exponential growth pulses and is measured as the lowest intensity necessary to produce a muscle contraction, evoked by an exponential pulse of infinite width (1,000 milliseconds) (Paternostro-Sluga T, Schuhfried O, Vacariu G, Lang T, Fialka-Moser V. Chronaxie and accommodation index in the diagnosis of muscle denervation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002;81:253-60). Accommodation exposes the different responses of nerves and muscles to electrical pulses in an exponential format.
- an exponentially shaped electrical pulse up to twice the value of the rheobase, inactivates the sodium conductance before depolarization is achieved, thus no contraction is evoked.
- sodium conductance is less altered by exponential pulses.
- it is possible to evoke muscle contractions with exponential pulses of intensity less than twice the rheobase (Paternostro-Sluga T, Schuhfried O, Vacariu G, Lang T, Fialka-Moser V. Chronaxie and accommodation index in the diagnosis of muscle denervation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002;81:253-60).
- the accommodation index is the relationship between accommodation and rheobase.
- the Brazilian patent document BR102017026510 describes a multichannel electrical muscle stimulation device to combat muscle weakness acquired in ICU, which has a biofeedback system implemented through an inertial sensor used to determine whether the muscle is contracted or not.
- the system uses the biofeedback sensor to automatically adjust the intensity of stimuli when they stop contracting due to fatigue.
- the system features a hardware solution for activating different muscle groups simultaneously with biphasic waves.
- the aforementioned patent document does not have a local or remote artificial intelligence algorithm to horizontally monitor the patient's neuromuscular condition. This makes the automatic adjustment of therapeutic protocols impossible, making it impossible to adapt them to the different phases of therapy and requiring operator intervention.
- the aforementioned document does not have a system or resource that enables the measurement of myography by electrical impedance, which allows the structural evaluation of the geometric changes that occur in the muscle at different contraction intensities.
- said patent does not present an algorithm in firmware capable of using bioimpedance measurements to assess neuromuscular responsiveness, as performed in the present invention.
- the technology described depends on an electromyographic, inertial or similar sensor to assess the presence or absence of muscle contraction, while the present invention makes use of the muscle electrical activation electrodes themselves to infer myographic activity through bioimpedance, without the need for attachment of any other type of device/electrode to the patient's skin.
- the present invention is not limited to informing whether or not there is contraction, but also informs the level of muscle activity according to the classification suggested by Segers et al. (Segers J, Hermans G, Bruyninckx F, et al. Feasibility of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in critically ill patients. J Crit Care 2014; 29: 1082-8). This feature allows the automatic determination of the most adequate dosimetry, making the therapy more efficient and providing greater safety through protection against, for example, overdose.
- the Brazilian patent document BR102017026510 does not have an IoT feature, which makes both remote applications and updates impossible, as well as sending data to the cloud that feeds a second level of artificial intelligence responsible for globally monitoring and controlling all connected systems as embodied in the present invention.
- the device presented in the Brazilian patent document BR102017026 does not have a cloud system for data storage and mining, as well as for the execution of an artificial intelligence algorithm for the global control of the therapy of each patient and muscle group independently .
- the device described in the cited patent document is unable to identify the level of wear of the electrodes used or when they are poorly positioned, which ends up neglecting key safety points that allow the performance of long-term therapies .
- the aforementioned patent comprises a device and system different from the technologies presented in this invention, and it is not, of course, a SAMNA, but rather a multichannel neuromuscular electrical stimulator with a basic level of automatism .
- the US patent document US6324432 describes a muscle electrical stimulation device for sports applications, especially for passive training and re-education of atrophied muscle tissue.
- This device has sensors, of the electromyographic type and accelerometer, for measuring the reactions of the stimulated muscle groups.
- said device does not allow the measurement, in real time, of the level of muscle contraction for automatic adjustment of the most appropriate dose of neuromuscular stimulation for a particular muscle group, nor does it allow therapeutic control through the applied current density.
- it is a technology with a limited number of channels, which are at most 2, and a safety system to prevent the application of harmful stimuli to the skin or stimuli that promote the appearance of lesions due to overdose is completely absent.
- this document does not present artificial intelligence algorithms to automatically adjust therapeutic protocols, nor IoT system resources, those present in the invention required herein.
- US8565888 presents a device for electrical stimulation of muscle tissue. It describes technology that aims to adapt the electrical stimulus from the characteristics of the muscle response, such as fatigue. These control parameters are detected through sensors such as accelerometers and strain gauges. As described in the document, the device produces stimuli with a maximum of 400 microseconds of pulse width and 120 milliamperes of electrical current amplitude in loads of, at most, 1000 Ohm.
- the present invention provides electrical stimuli with a pulse width significantly greater than 400 microseconds, in addition to an intensity also greater than 250 milliamperes at loads of up to 1,000 Ohm, which allows for the effective and efficient stimulation of denervated muscles and/or with altered excitability.
- the aforementioned document states that the device enables the prevention of burns by electrostimulation, as the sensors detect small increases in temperature that can damage muscle tissue.
- the mere detection of temperature may not be enough to avert the risk of injury to the patient's skin.
- the technology described in said document addresses temperature control, there is no similarity to the present invention.
- the technology presented is not capable, unlike the invention required, of generating stimuli with pulse widths greater than 400 microseconds and does not have sensors for measuring the electromechanical activity of the muscle-tendon assembly, which would allow, as occurs in the technology now claimed, closed-loop control of stimulation parameters when applied over long periods of therapy.
- the aforementioned document does not include technology that allows electrical stimulation programming, for continuous periods of more than 24 hours, without the risk of skin irritation or even lesions.
- This document also does not have a security system that effectively and effectively prevents the application of harmful stimuli to the skin or that promote the appearance of lesions as a result of overdose.
- artificial intelligence algorithms to automatically adjust therapeutic protocols, nor of IoT resources, as in the invention of this descriptive report. Given the above, it is clear that the aforementioned document is not a system as claimed in the present invention.
- the present invention is characterized by a set of innovations that constitute a new therapeutic and diagnostic technique now called Artificial Neuromuscular Monitoring and Activation System, or SAMNA, based on artificial intelligence.
- SAMNA does not fall within the group of conventional medical electrical stimulation systems and/or equipment for treatment and diagnosis. This is because the present invention employs a series of innovations that they automatically enable accurate diagnosis and promote effective and personalized treatment for each type of muscle group in different patients.
- the SAMNA aims to continuously monitor the neuromuscular condition, in addition to treating and preventing vascular, osteotendinous and neuromuscular disorders from artificial and automated neuromuscular activation using cloud data processing involving big data and machine learning ( machine learn ).
- the present invention allows the diagnosis and treatment of neuromuscular disorders continuously, locally or remotely using IoT technology (internet of things). This is due to its unique hardware, firmware and software resources that allow the acquisition of neurophysiological parameters and the application of therapeutic parameters in an automatic, precise and safe way.
- the SAMNA performs its actions independently, personalized and coordinated, based on historical series of data from horizontal monitoring through electrical impedance myography associated with the automated stimulus electrodiagnostic test, without the use of sensors affixed to the patient's body, making use of the electrotherapy electrodes themselves.
- Figure 1 presents the diagram of the artificial neuromuscular activation system (1), highlighting the following elements: central processing unit (2), communication unit (3), artificial intelligence processor (4), human-interface machine (5), emergency button (6), power unit (7), electrical impedance acquisition system (8), user device (9), web server (10), electrodes (11), power supply (12) and battery (13). Battery is optional.
- FIG. 2 presents the diagram of the central processing unit (2), highlighting the following elements: control unit (14), security unit (15) and digital analogue converter (16).
- FIG. 3 presents the power unit diagram (7), with the following elements: global safety switch (17), current voltage converter (18), comparator circuit (19), voltage meter circuit (20) , high voltage regulator (21), high voltage generator (22), switching unit (23) and current meter circuit (24).
- Figure 4 shows the electrical impedance myography acquisition system (8), highlighting the impedance processor (26), the direct digital synthesis - DDS (27), digital analog converter (28), programmable gain circuit output (29), artifact filter (30), programmable input gain circuit (31), anti-aliasing filter (32), analog to digital converter (33), discrete Fourier transform processor - dft (34) and device of communication (25).
- Figure 5 presents two graphs: graph A represents a ramped stimulation, where each vertical trace is a performed stimulus, and graph B represents the admittance response measured over time in a muscle stimulated by the ramp in graph A. Highlights include contraction level 1 (26), contraction level 2 (27), contraction level 3 (28), contraction level 4 (29) and contraction at level 5 (30).
- Figure 6 shows the mechanical parts of the artificial neuromuscular activation system (1) in exploded view, highlighting: hardware main board (31), power supply (32), DC DC converter (33), cabinet (34 ), connectors (35), power button (36), emergency button (37), ethernet cable (38), touch screen display (39), monitor (40), articulated arm (41), parameter panel ( 42), controller board of the display (43), display board support (44), structural cart with wheels and support structure (45), knob type button (46), electrode connection case (47), power cable (48) and Front seal label (49).
- Figure 7 presents an overview of the SAMNA, highlighting its moving parts.
- the SAMNA (1) is a system summarized in a mobile electromedical device composed of a structural cart with wheels and support structure (45), cabinet (34), where there is the main hardware board (31), source of power supply (32), DC to DC converter (33).
- An articulated arm (41) takes the case of connecting the electrodes (47) with the connectors for the electrostimulation cables (35) close to the patient ⁇
- the present invention has a human-machine interface (5) consisting of a touch screen display (39) and its display controller board (43) located in the cabinet (34), monitor (40), on-off button ( 36) and ethernet connection (38) located on the parameters panel (42), emergency button (37) and a knob type button (46) for navigation.
- a human-machine interface (5) consisting of a touch screen display (39) and its display controller board (43) located in the cabinet (34), monitor (40), on-off button ( 36) and ethernet connection (38) located on the parameters panel (42), emergency button (37) and a knob type button (46) for navigation.
- the SANMA (1) power supply is carried out through the power cable (48) that connects to the automatic bivolt power supply (32). There is the possibility of adding a battery (optional item) to power the system.
- the artificial neuromuscular activation system (1) reads the myographic activity through the same pairs of electrodes (11) used in electrical stimulation performed in therapies and diagnoses. Thus, the system does not require the use of external sensors.
- the myography is acquired using the electrical impedance acquisition system (8), a technique known as Electrical Impedance Myography (EIM), at an acquisition rate of up to 1000 samples per second.
- EIM Electrical Impedance Myography
- the MIE reading is commanded by the central processing unit (2) through commands sent to the impedance processor (26), using the communication device (25) of the electrical impedance myography acquisition system (8) .
- the impedance processor (26) sends the command to the direct digital synthesis - DDS (27) which, together with the digital analog converter (28), generates a sine wave with adjustable frequency of 10Hz to 100MHz, with 2V peak-to-peak amplitude.
- This signal passes through the programmable output gain circuit (29) and is sent to the skin through a pair of electrodes (11), one of which applies the current to the skin and the other performs the collection, submitting this signal to a artifact filter (30), implemented in hardware, which has the double function: removal of artifact from the stimulus and protection of the signal acquisition system.
- This filter is especially important when the muscle is being electrically stimulated by the power unit (7), as it removes the high voltage artifact generated by neuromuscular electrostimulation.
- the filtered signal then passes through the signal conditioning system composed of a programmable input gain circuit (31) and an anti-aliasing filter (32).
- the conditioned signal is acquired through the analog to digital converter (33).
- the acquired impedance values are then sent to the impedance processor (26), which calculates the modulus and phase of the impedance.
- the values obtained are sent to the central processing unit (2), through the communication device (25), which determines the level of muscle contraction and, subsequently, these values are sent to the artificial intelligence processor (4 ).
- the central processing unit (2) evaluates the mean of a history series of impedance values taken before the stimulus, the impedance values measured during the stimulus, and inherent variation from the baseline of the measured impedances.
- the SAMNA (1) is capable of performing the stimulus electrodiagnostic test (TEDE) using procedures that determine rheobase, chronaxia, and shape accommodation manual or automatic and thus assess the neuromuscular condition of each muscle group to be assessed.
- TEE stimulus electrodiagnostic test
- pulses are controlled by the central processing unit (2) through the power unit (7) and muscle contraction is identified through the change in muscle geometry measured by the electrical impedance acquisition system (8 ).
- the assessment of neuromuscular condition by muscle is performed by the artificial intelligence processor (4) using the data received from chronaxy, rheobase, and accommodation of the series of impedance values measured during the electrodiagnostic test of stimulus (TEDE) and also using the patient data informed by the operator in the man-machine interface (5).
- the SAMNA (1) guarantees safety in electrical stimulation throughout the EDE through the evaluation of the applied current density and the verification of the placement and quality of the electrodes.
- step (a) the electrical impedance acquisition system (8) performs 500 impedance measurements without electrical stimulation, that is, with the muscle relaxed, the measurements consisting of measurement set A.
- step (b) the central processing unit (2) starts, through the power unit (7), the generation of a pulse of width of 1000ms, initial intensity of ImA and rest time of 2000 ms. Simultaneously, the electrical impedance myography acquisition system (8) performs 500 impedance measurements, consisting of measurements set B.
- step (c) the central processing unit (2) calculates the standard deviation of each of the sets of measurements obtained in the previous steps (A and B) and discards the outliers according to the following criterion: higher values or equal to twice the standard deviation (SD) value of the respective set of measurements.
- SD standard deviation
- the means, medians and standard deviations of the two groups are calculated again and these values are sent to the Fisher's quadratic classifier to make the decision on whether or not there was muscle contraction.
- the determination of the classifier boundaries is performed using data obtained during the process of determining muscle contraction levels, which will be detailed below.
- step (d) if the decision generated in step (c) was for "there was no contraction", the intensity is increased according to the binary search algorithm with an initial value of lOmA and the steps are repeated from (a) to (d). If the decision is based on “contraction identification”, the rheobase value is defined as the intensity of the last stimulation performed, which is recorded and sent to the human-machine interface (5) and the process is followed at step (e).
- step (e) in which the electrical impedance acquisition system (8) performs 500 impedance measurements without electrical stimulation, that is, with the muscle relaxed, thus generating the set of measures of group C.
- step (f) the central processing unit (2) through the power unit (7) starts generating a pulse with an intensity of twice the value found for the rheobase and initial pulse width of 20 microseconds, with a resting time of 2000 milliseconds.
- the electrical impedance acquisition system (8) performs 500 impedance measurements, generating the set of measurements from group D.
- step (g) the central processing unit (2) calculates the standard deviation of the points acquired in the set of measurements of groups C and D and rejects the points that differ by more than twice the standard deviation of the respective group . After rejecting the points, the means, medians and standard deviations of both groups are calculated again and these values are sent to the Fisher's quadratic classifier to make the decision whether or not there was muscle contraction.
- step (h) if the decision is “no contraction”, the pulse width is increased according to the binary search algorithm with an initial value of 50 microseconds and the steps of ( e) to (h). If the decision is by contraction the chronaxis value is defined as the pulse width of the last stimulation performed and this value is recorded and sent to the HMI (5) and the process is followed to step (i).
- step (i) where the myography acquisition system by electrical impedance acquisition system (8) performs 500 impedance measurements without electrical stimulation, that is, with the muscle relaxed, obtaining the group E dataset.
- step (j) the central processing unit (2), through the power unit (7), starts the generation of an exponential stimulus with an intensity of twice the rheobase value found and a duration of 1,000 microseconds .
- the electrical impedance acquisition system (8) performs 500 impedance measurements, obtaining the group F data set.
- step (k) the central processing unit (2) calculates the standard deviation of the points acquired in groups E and F, rejecting the points that differ by more than 2 standard deviations. After rejecting the points, the means, medians and standard deviations of both groups are calculated again and these values are sent to Fisher's quadratic classifier for decision making whether or not there was muscle contraction. If the decision is for no contraction, the intensity is increased according to the binary search algorithm with an initial value of 10mA and steps (i) to (k) are repeated. If the decision is by contraction, the accommodation value is defined as the intensity of the last stimulation performed and this value is recorded and sent to the human-machine interface (5) and the procedure is followed. From this point, the central processing unit (2) then calculates the accommodation index using the formula
- Accommodation value accommodation index This value is recorded and sent by the human-machine interface reobase value (5).
- step (1) the central processing unit (2) then sends the values obtained from chronaxis, rheobase, accommodation, accommodation index, the series of impedance values measured during the Electrodiagnostic Test of Stimulus (TEDE) and patient data reported by the operator through the human-machine interface (5) to artificial intelligence processor (4).
- step (m) a report of the TEDS performed and the evaluation of the neuromuscular condition for each muscle is made available to the operator, in the man-machine interface (5) and on the web server (10).
- the present invention is able to measure and maintain the level of muscle contraction during therapies performed.
- SAMNA (1) automatically identifies the stimulation parameters capable of generating muscle contractions at levels from 1 to 5, for each muscle.
- the system generates, through the central processing unit (2) and the power system (7), a sequence of stimuli with increasing intensity, in a linear ramp.
- the electrical impedance acquisition system (8) will perform data acquisitions throughout this stimulation process. From the analysis of the acquired data, SAMNA (1) correlates the bioimpedance values with each of the contraction levels, following the reference shown in Figure 5. Between levels 3 and 5 it is still possible to identify a series of sublevels if it is required.
- Contraction level 1 is related to sets of bioimpedance measurements that have a standard deviation twice that observed in the set of measurements taken while the muscle was at rest (26). However, when the standard deviation of the measurements taken is equal to 3 times the standard deviation at rest, the central processing unit (2) determines that the intensity value is sufficient for level 2 contraction (27).
- Level 3 is given by the intensity value that starts the growth straight shown in Figure 5 (28).
- Level 4 is defined as the middle of the growth line (29) and level 5 as the intensity value in the inflection of the line shown in Figure 5 for the constant value of impedance (30).
- the SAMNA (1) has a security system for real-time control of the applied current density. This functionality prevents the appearance of burns and skin lesions, even when the system is applied in therapy or diagnosis of critically ill patients.
- the safe current density value (d) to be applied to the skin must be less than or equal to 3.5 mA/cm 2 .
- the system will continuously monitor the stimulus and, if the density value necessary to evoke a certain level of contraction reaches this limit, a message is displayed on the man-machine interface (5) requesting the replacement of the electrodes.
- the central processing unit (2) evaluates the average of the impedance values acquired between stimulations (with the muscle at rest) sent by the electrical impedance acquisition system (8). If the central processing unit (2) detects a growth rate greater than 10%, the system assumes that there has been a problem with the electrode, such as electrolyte loss or detachment. Thus, the central processing unit (2) temporarily interrupts the therapy or diagnosis, generating a warning at the man-machine interface (5) for changing or repositioning the electrodes (11). After changing/repositioning the electrodes (11), the operator restarts the therapy by pressing the “play” button on the man-machine interface (5).
- SAMNA (1) is subject to yet another layer of protection that will only allow the system to operate if all its main subsystems are operating correctly. This is done through its global safety switch (17) which is responsible for activating and deactivating the high voltage regulator (21) of the power unit (7), man-machine interface (5), comparator circuit of the power unit power (19), electrical impedance acquisition system (8) and emergency button (6). This way, if any of the main subsystems detects any failure or if the operator presses the emergency button, the power part of the SAMNA (1) is immediately disabled, making it incapable of generating stimuli.
- the local artificial intelligence system through a dedicated processor, is constantly monitoring the time until the onset of muscle fatigue, monitoring the responsiveness of the muscles to stimulation, the level of contraction, rheobase, chronaxia and accommodation, allowing automatic decision-making throughout the therapeutic period.
- the AI processor (4) Through its trained artificial neural network, the AI processor (4) generates a therapy suggestion that is shown to the operator through the human-machine interface (5) containing pulse information such as intensity, pulse width, frequency, rise time, stimulus time, descent time and rest time; in addition to treatment information, such as number of stimuli in therapy, type of therapy and number of therapies indicated per day.
- pulse information such as intensity, pulse width, frequency, rise time, stimulus time, descent time and rest time
- treatment information such as number of stimuli in therapy, type of therapy and number of therapies indicated per day.
- the operator has the possibility to make adjustments as he deems necessary.
- the electrical impedance acquisition system (8) performs new collections that are analyzed by the AI processor (4). As a product of this procedure, the system offers an adaptation in the proposal of the next therapy.
- the SAMNA (1) is capable of performing automatic firmware and software updates over the internet, which allows the insertion of new therapeutic protocols and new functionalities to the system.
- [106] Can be updated individually or collectively: Human-Machine Interface Application (5), Control Unit Firmware (14), Security Unit Firmware (15), Communication Unit Firmware (3), Software of the artificial intelligence processor (4), and the firmware of the electrical impedance acquisition system (8).
- the data generated in the therapies and diagnoses, as well as the data collected by the electrical impedance acquisition system (8) and the therapy suggestions generated by the artificial intelligence processor (4) are periodically sent to the web server (10) .
- the data on the server is accessed by two systems: Vision and Oracle. The first is a webapp that allows the operator to view and add new data to the web. The second runs within a classification artificial intelligence algorithm with supervised learning. Supervision is carried out by a team of physiotherapists and physicians specializing in electrical stimulation.
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP20914514.3A EP4091664A4 (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2020-01-13 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ARTIFICIAL ACTIVATION AND MONITORING OF NEUROMUSCULAR TISSUE BASED ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE |
US17/791,889 US20240316343A1 (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2020-01-13 | Process and system for artificial activation and monitoring of neuromuscular tissue based on artificial intelligence |
BR112021010298A BR112021010298A2 (pt) | 2020-01-13 | 2020-01-13 | Processo e sistema de ativação e monitorização neuromuscular artificial baseado em inteligência artificial |
PCT/BR2020/050005 WO2021142518A1 (pt) | 2020-01-13 | 2020-01-13 | Processo e sistema de ativação e monitorização neuromuscular artificial baseado em inteligência artificial |
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CN117883704A (zh) * | 2024-03-15 | 2024-04-16 | 科斗(苏州)脑机科技有限公司 | 用于监测局部皮肤张力和输出中频电刺激的电极贴 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN117883704A (zh) * | 2024-03-15 | 2024-04-16 | 科斗(苏州)脑机科技有限公司 | 用于监测局部皮肤张力和输出中频电刺激的电极贴 |
CN117883704B (zh) * | 2024-03-15 | 2024-05-21 | 科斗(苏州)脑机科技有限公司 | 用于监测局部皮肤张力和输出中频电刺激的电极贴 |
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EP4091664A1 (en) | 2022-11-23 |
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