WO2021139122A1 - 一种移动式相变储热储冷装置 - Google Patents

一种移动式相变储热储冷装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021139122A1
WO2021139122A1 PCT/CN2020/100028 CN2020100028W WO2021139122A1 WO 2021139122 A1 WO2021139122 A1 WO 2021139122A1 CN 2020100028 W CN2020100028 W CN 2020100028W WO 2021139122 A1 WO2021139122 A1 WO 2021139122A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat transfer
plate
heat
transfer plate
phase change
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PCT/CN2020/100028
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
凌祥
杜明胜
王航
Original Assignee
南京工业大学
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 南京工业大学 filed Critical 南京工业大学
Priority to JP2022540907A priority Critical patent/JP2023508595A/ja
Priority to DE112020005418.7T priority patent/DE112020005418T5/de
Priority to US17/791,426 priority patent/US20230030059A1/en
Publication of WO2021139122A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021139122A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1607—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1615—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits being inside a casing and extending at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the casing; the conduits crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2270/00—Thermal insulation; Thermal decoupling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/06—Fastening; Joining by welding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mobile phase change heat and cold storage device, belonging to the technical field of phase change energy storage.
  • Energy storage plays a very important role in saving energy and improving energy utilization. Exhaust gas and waste heat generated in industrial production are directly discharged, resulting in a large amount of energy waste.
  • Mobile phase change heat storage and cold storage devices can break the heat supply or The characteristics of time and geographical boundaries between the cooling area and the user can stably output heat or cooling at the expected temperature, which can effectively solve the problem of discontinuity in the utilization of waste heat or cooling resources.
  • the invention takes into account the mobility and energy storage of the device, uses a standard container as a heat and cold storage device, solves the transportation problem, reduces the cost, and utilizes the advantages of high energy storage density of the phase change material and approximate isothermal phase change process to ensure It improves the stability of heat or cold energy output, its structure is simple and compact, its operation is reliable, and its cost is reasonable. It also has the advantages of large heat transfer area, fast heat energy conversion speed, and high efficiency.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mobile phase change heat storage and cold storage device, which has high overall energy storage density, convenient transportation, fast heat energy conversion speed and high efficiency, and can solve the existing mobile heating and cooling device There are problems such as low heat and cold storage capacity, low cold and heat recovery efficiency, and long charging and discharging time.
  • a mobile phase change heat storage and cold storage device including a storage tank, a header pipe, a heat transfer plate, a phase change working medium, a support, a sleeve, an insulation layer and a box
  • the storage tank, the main pipe, the heat transfer plate, the phase change working medium, the support, the sleeve and the thermal insulation layer are arranged inside the tank.
  • the storage tank includes a tank and a base, and the outer surface of the tank is covered with The thermal insulation layer, the heat transfer plate, the phase change working medium and the support are arranged inside the tank body, the heat transfer plate is arranged on the support, the support is welded to the bottom of the storage tank, and the main pipe And the sleeve are respectively connected to the heat transfer plate, the upper left of one side of the tank and the insulation layer is provided with a U-shaped groove for the main pipe to pass through, and the lower right is provided with a passage for the sleeve to pass through.
  • the device utilizes the characteristics of phase-change working fluid, phase-change energy storage and energy release, which are similar to isothermal and high energy storage density, to realize the rapid storage and off-site utilization of thermal energy and cold energy.
  • the heat transfer plates are communicated with each other through a header pipe and a sleeve, and there are fins between the two partitions of the heat transfer plates.
  • the steam is connected to the main pipe and flows through the heat transfer plate, and the heat is transferred to the phase change working fluid through the heat transfer plate, so that it absorbs heat and liquefies energy.
  • the steam exothermic and condenses flows out of the lower casing; when the heat is released, the cold water is connected
  • the inlet casing flows through the heat transfer plate, and the heat is transferred from the phase change working fluid to the cold water through the heat transfer plate to obtain hot water.
  • the phase change working fluid releases heat and solidifies and releases energy, and the hot water flows out from the upper header.
  • the cold storage process is similar to the heat storage process.
  • the cold energy is mainly transferred to the phase-change working fluid from chilled water instead of steam. When cooling, the phase-change working fluid transfers the cold energy to the working fluid.
  • the base is a trough-shaped base
  • the tank body includes a bottom plate, a front plate, a rear plate, a side plate, and a top plate.
  • the front plate is cut with a through hole at the lower right for the sleeve to pass through, and cut at the upper left
  • a U-shaped groove for the main pipe to pass through is provided, the diameter of the U-shaped groove is slightly larger than the diameter of the main pipe, the front plate, the two side plates and the rear plate are welded on the bottom plate, and the sleeve passes through
  • the top plate is formed by bending multiple plates and can be lifted and slid through the through holes of the front plate, and the groove-shaped base is arranged in a grid and welded to the bottom surface of the bottom plate. There is a through hole in the middle of the grid. Used for hoisting ropes to pass through.
  • the heat transfer plate includes a cover plate, a partition plate, a seal, a fin, a tube, and a fin, wherein the partition plate, the fin, and the cover plate and the seal are brazed to form a heat transfer plate core body, the heat transfer plate core body There are two notches at diagonally opposite corners, the seals are arranged on both sides of the heat transfer plate core body and the ends of the notches, there are no seals at the upper and lower ends, and the length of the fin is flush with the partition.
  • the heat transfer plate is assembled by argon arc welding of the core of the heat transfer plate, two connecting pipes and several fins. One end of the connecting pipe is sealed and the other end is open. A channel is milled on the two connecting pipes, and the two ends of the heat transfer plate core body Insert the two connecting pipes into the grooves respectively, with the opening end of the connecting pipe facing the notch direction of the heat transfer plate core body, weld the heat transfer plate core body and the two connecting pipes together, and then weld several fins longitudinally at equal intervals on the two heat transfer plate core body. Side, the length is within the range of the notch height of the heat transfer plate core.
  • the bracket is a trough-shaped bracket with a plurality of holes cut on the surface, the upper surface of the bracket is fixedly connected with the connecting pipe of the heat transfer plate, and both sides are welded on the bottom of the storage tank.
  • the sleeve is an outer tube with a larger diameter, an inner tube with a smaller diameter and a fork-shaped bracket.
  • One side of the outer tube is cut with the same number of through-holes at equal intervals with the heat transfer plate.
  • the diameter of the through-holes is equal to the outer diameter of the connecting pipe.
  • One end is sealed, both ends of the inner tube are open, and one end is welded with a fork-shaped bracket.
  • the diagonal length of the fork-shaped bracket is equal to the inner diameter of the outer tube. Extend the end of the inner tube with the fork-shaped bracket into the outer tube.
  • the inner tube extends out of the circular plate for a certain distance and will be arranged.
  • the lower connecting pipe of the heat transfer plate extends into the through hole of the sleeve, and is welded and sealed, and the second quick connector is connected at the outer end of the inner pipe.
  • One end of the main pipe is sealed and one end is open.
  • the port is sealed.
  • One side cuts through holes equal in number and spaced apart from the heat transfer plate.
  • the diameter of the through holes is equal to the outer diameter of the pipe and the length is equal to
  • the upper part of the heat transfer plate extends into the through hole of the main pipe and is welded and sealed.
  • the outer part of the storage tank has a port opening, and the opening is connected to a first quick connector.
  • the phase change working fluid can be water, sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate, paraffin (hexadecane, pentadecane), polyethylene glycol, fatty acid, high density polyethylene and other phase change materials ,
  • the phase change working fluid is added to the storage tank from the upper part of the storage tank with the cover plate removed, and steam is passed through the heat transfer plate while adding, until the melted phase change working fluid level is lower than the bottom surface of the U-shaped groove on the front plate of the storage tank Stop filling at a certain distance, and cover the tank cover after filling.
  • the outer surface and upper and lower outer surfaces of the storage tank are wrapped with insulation layer, the hoisting rope passes through the through hole of the trough-shaped base, and all the equipment is hoisted into the top-opening box.
  • the front of the box is also processed into a switch type, and instrumentation and equipment are installed.
  • a mobile phase change heat and cold storage device is formed.
  • the materials of heat transfer plates, brackets, casing pipes, main pipes and storage tanks can be aluminum alloy, carbon steel, stainless steel and other materials according to the requirements of heat storage and cold storage.
  • the nozzle and the heat transfer plate can be arranged in the width direction or along the length direction according to the actual working conditions.
  • the above description is that the nozzle and the heat transfer plate are arranged in the width direction.
  • the nozzle and the heat transfer plate are arranged in the length direction.
  • Several heat transfer plates can be arranged on the same connection pipe according to the specific length.
  • the lower connection pipe is a sleeve structure of the inner tube and the outer tube coaxially.
  • the two header pipes have the same T-shaped structure along the width direction, and both sides of the heat transfer plate With fins, the connecting pipe and the back end of the lower connecting pipe are welded with a fixed distance plate, and the fixed distance plate and the rear plate are welded together.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and effects:
  • the phase change working fluid has high energy storage density, suitable phase change temperature, fast charging and discharging speed, and low cost, which improves the heat storage and cold storage capacity of the mobile phase change heat storage device, shortens the charging and discharging time and time cost Lower
  • liquid-solid two-phase conversion avoids huge changes in volume during the phase change process, the equipment structure is more compact, the energy storage per unit volume is strengthened, the phase change process is approximately isothermal, and the output is stable;
  • the front plate of the storage tank is connected to the main pipe with a U-shaped groove, the main pipe can expand freely, and the influence of thermal stress on the equipment structure is weakened, the equipment is more reliable, and the cost and subsequent maintenance costs are greatly reduced;
  • the heat transfer plate of the mobile phase change heat storage and cold storage device is easy to realize standardization, and the processing speed is fast.
  • the heat storage and cold storage device is a standardized container. Multiple heat and cold storage devices can be used in parallel to increase the heat and cold storage capacity of the device.
  • the main pipe and the casing pipe are connected by quick connectors, which further shortens the connection time and improves the use efficiency.
  • the heat storage and cold storage device is equipped with intelligent detection instruments, which can monitor the operation status of the equipment in real time, and has better safety.
  • Fig. 1 is an outline view of the mobile phase-change heat and cold storage device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view a-a of the mobile phase-change heat and cold storage device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is an outline view of the inside of the box of the mobile phase-change heat and cold storage device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the inside of the box of the mobile phase change heat and cold storage device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a b-b cross-sectional view of the inside of the box of the mobile phase change heat and cold storage device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is an outline view and an exploded view of the heat transfer plate of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the bracket structure of the phase change heat and cold storage device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is an exploded view and a cross-sectional view of the sleeve of the phase change heat and cold storage device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the main pipe structure of the phase change heat and cold storage device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the storage tank of the phase change heat and cold storage device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the connecting pipe and the heat transfer plate along the length direction of the present invention.
  • a mobile phase change heat storage and cold storage device includes a storage tank 1, a header pipe 2, a heat transfer plate 3, a phase change working fluid 4, a support 5, a sleeve 6, an insulation layer 7 and The box body 8, the storage tank 1, the header pipe 2, the heat transfer plate 3, the phase change working medium 4, the support 5, the sleeve 6 and the thermal insulation layer 7 are arranged inside the box body 8.
  • the storage tank 1 includes a tank 1.6, the outer surface of the tank is covered with the insulation layer 7, the heat transfer plate 3, the phase change working medium 4 and the bracket 5 are arranged inside the tank, and the heat transfer plate 3 is arranged in the On the bracket 5, the bracket 5 is welded to the storage tank bottom plate 1.1, the header pipe 2 and the sleeve 6 are respectively connected to the heat transfer plate 3, and the tank body and the insulation layer 7 are provided on the upper left side of one side
  • the U-shaped groove for the main pipe 2 to pass through is provided with a through hole at the bottom right for the sleeve 6 to pass through.
  • the device uses the phase change working medium 4 to store and release the energy, which is approximately isothermal and has a high energy storage density. The characteristics of the realization of the rapid storage and remote utilization of heat and cold energy.
  • the heat transfer plates 3 are connected to each other through the header pipe 2 and the sleeve 6, and there are porous fins 3.5 between the two partitions 3.3 of the heat transfer plate 3.
  • the steam is connected to the main pipe 2 and flows through the heat transfer plate 3, and the heat is transferred to the phase change working fluid 4 through the heat transfer plate 3, so that it absorbs heat and liquefies energy storage, and the steam exothermic and condenses flows out of the lower casing 6;
  • cold water is connected to the sleeve 6 and flows through the heat transfer plate 3. The heat is transferred from the phase change working fluid 4 to the cold water through the heat transfer plate 3 to obtain hot water.
  • the phase change working fluid 4 releases heat and solidifies and releases energy, and the hot water flows from the upper part.
  • the manifold 2 flows out.
  • the cold storage process is similar to the heat storage process.
  • the cold energy is mainly transferred to the phase change working fluid 4 from chilled water instead of steam.
  • the phase change working fluid 4 then transfers the cold energy to the working fluid, which stores the cold and releases the cold.
  • the heat transfer plate 3 is composed of a heat transfer plate core, two connecting pipes 3.6 and a number of fins 3.1.
  • the partition 3.3, the fins 3.5, the cover plate 3.2 and the seal 3.4 are brazed to form a heat transfer plate.
  • the core body, the heat transfer plate core body has two notches diagonally diagonally, and the seal 3.4 is arranged on both sides of the heat transfer plate core body and the end of the notch. There is no seal 3.4 at the upper and lower ends, and the length of the fin 3.5 is flush with the partition 3.3.
  • One end of the pipe 3.6 is sealed, and the other end is open, and a groove is milled on the two pipes 3.6 respectively.
  • the two ends of the heat transfer plate core body are respectively inserted into the grooves of the two pipes 3.6, and the opening end of the pipe 3.6 faces the gap of the heat transfer plate core body.
  • the heat transfer plate core body and the two connecting pipes 3.6 are welded together, and then a number of fins 3.1 are welded longitudinally on both sides of the heat transfer plate core body at equal intervals, and the length is within the height of the heat transfer plate core body notch.
  • the inner fins 3.5 of the heat transfer plate 3 increase the turbulence of high-temperature steam or cold water and strengthen the internal heat transfer.
  • the contact side of the heat transfer plate 3 and the phase change working fluid 4 expands the heat conduction surface through the fins 3.1, and the external heat conduction is further strengthened.
  • the two trough-shaped brackets 5 have several holes cut on both sides of the plate, and the two sides of the plate are welded to the bottom of the tank, and a number of heat transfer plates 3 are evenly arranged on the top plate. Adjust after the casing 6 and the header 2 are welded. The evenly distributed heat transfer plate 3 positions, fix the pipe 3.6 on the top plate of the support.
  • the bracket is cut with a number of holes to ensure that the bracket channel is filled with phase change working fluids, to avoid the stress deformation and damage of the bracket caused by solidification and expansion, so that the space is fully utilized, and the heat transfer plate 3 is kept constant during the movement of the device to ensure the equipment stability.
  • the sleeve 6 is an outer tube 6.1 with a larger diameter, an inner tube 6.3 with a smaller diameter and a fork-shaped bracket 6.2.
  • One side of the outer tube 6.1 is cut with equal distances from the heat transfer plate 3
  • the diameter of the through hole is equal to the outer diameter of the pipe 3.6, one end is sealed, both ends of the inner pipe 6.3 are open, one end is welded with a fork bracket 6.2, and the diagonal length of the fork bracket 6.2 is equal to the inner diameter of the outer pipe 6.1.
  • the end with a fork-shaped bracket 6.2 extends into the outer pipe 6.1, and the opening of this end is between the last and penultimate through holes to ensure the steam from the main pipe 2 or the cold water from the sleeve 6.
  • the fluid passing through the heat transfer plates 3 has the same flow path, so that the outlet temperature of the fluid is stabilized in a small range, and the various parts of the entire equipment are approximately equal in strength, and all parts are effectively used. Then use a circular plate 6.4 with an outer diameter equal to the outer diameter of the outer tube 6.1 and an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the inner tube 6.3 to weld and seal the other end of the outer tube 6.1.
  • the inner tube 6.3 extends out of the circular plate 6.4 for a certain distance, and the arranged heat transfer plates 3
  • the lower connecting pipe 3.6 extends into the through hole of the sleeve 6 and is welded and sealed.
  • the outer end of the inner pipe 6.3 is connected to the second quick connector 6.5, which facilitates the connection of the device with external working conditions, reduces time cost, and improves equipment operation efficiency.
  • one side of the manifold 2 cuts through holes equal in number to the heat transfer plate 3, the diameter of the through holes is equal to the outer diameter of the pipe 3.6, one end is sealed, one end is open, and the length is equal to the total length of the sleeve 6, which will be arranged.
  • the upper connecting pipe 3.6 of the heat transfer plate 3 extends into the through hole of the main pipe 2 and is welded and sealed, and the opening is connected to the first quick connector 2.1. It is convenient to connect the device with external working conditions, reduce the time cost of the equipment, and improve its operating efficiency.
  • the storage tank 1 is composed of a tank body and a trough-shaped base 1.6 welded together.
  • the tank body includes a bottom plate 1.1, a front plate 1.2, a rear plate 1.4, a side plate 1.3 and a top plate 1.5.
  • the front plate 1.2 is in the lower casing. Cut a through hole at the 6 position, and cut a U-shaped groove with a larger diameter at the upper header 2 position. At this time, the header 2 can expand freely when heated, and the influence of thermal stress on the equipment structure is weakened, the equipment is more reliable, the cost and later use Maintenance costs are greatly reduced.
  • the top plate 1.5 which is processed by bending a plate, can be lifted and slid, which is convenient for the quick filling of the phase change working fluid 4 of the phase change energy storage material.
  • the lower part of the storage tank bottom plate 1.1 is a trough-shaped base 1.6 welded in a grid arrangement. There is a through hole in the middle of the grid for the hoisting rope to pass through.
  • the storage tank bottom plate 1.1 is welded to the trough-shaped grid base 1.6.
  • the trough-shaped grid base 1.6 The load is evenly distributed, the carrying capacity is good, and it is convenient for movement and equipment maintenance.
  • the phase change working fluid 4 can be water, sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate, paraffin (hexadecane, pentadecane), polyethylene glycol, fatty acid, high-density polyethylene, etc. Material, the phase change working fluid 4 is added to the storage tank 1 from the upper part of the storage tank 1 with the cover plate 1.5 removed, and steam is passed through the heat transfer plate 3 while being added, so that the phase change working fluid 4 melts into a liquid state and fills the storage tank 1Internal space, the entire equipment has the largest filling capacity.
  • the outer surface and the upper and lower outer surfaces of the storage tank 1 are wrapped with an insulating layer 7.
  • the lifting rope passes through the through hole of the trough-shaped base 1.6, and all the equipment is hoisted into the top-opening box 8, in front of the box 8.
  • the department is also processed into a switch type, installed with instrumentation equipment, etc., to form a mobile phase change heat storage and cold storage device.
  • the materials of storage tank 1, main pipe 2, heat transfer plate 3, bracket 5, and sleeve 6 can be aluminum alloy, carbon steel, stainless steel and other materials according to the requirements of heat storage and cold storage. Choosing different materials can not only meet the requirements of heat storage and cold storage, but also reduce the weight of the equipment and reduce the manufacturing cost.
  • the connecting pipe 11 and the heat transfer plate 10 can be arranged in the width direction or along the length direction according to actual working conditions.
  • the above description is that the connecting pipe 11 and the heat transfer plate 10 are arranged in the width direction.
  • Arrangement When the connecting pipe 11 and the heat transfer plate 10 are arranged along the length direction, several heat transfer plates 10 can be arranged on the same connecting pipe 11 according to the specific length.
  • the lower connecting pipe 12 is a sleeve structure of the inner tube and the outer tube coaxially.
  • the two header pipes 9 have the same T-shaped structure along the width direction, the heat transfer plate 10 has fins on both sides, the connecting pipe 11 and the lower connecting pipe 12 are welded with a distance plate at the rear end, and the distance plate 13 and the rear plate are welded together.
  • the number of welds between the connection pipe 11 and the lower connection pipe 12 and the main pipe 9 is smaller, which is technically easier to achieve, and the sealing performance is also improved.
  • the lower connection pipe 12 functions as a casing structure and is used as a casing when arranged in the width direction.
  • the tube has the same effect.

Abstract

一种移动式相变储热储冷装置，包含传热板（3）、支架（5）、套管（6）、总管（2）、储罐（1）、相变工质（4），其中传热板（3）是热量交换的主要元件，热量存储和释放通过相变工质（4），总管（2）和套管（6）提供储热储冷装置与外界接口。储热过程中，蒸汽通过总管（2）流经传热板（3），热量通过传热板（3）传递至相变工质（4），使其吸热液化储热，于箱体（8）内运输至指定位置，冷水通过套管（6）流经传热板（3），热量通过传热板（3）从相变工质（4）传递至冷水，相变工质（4）放热凝固释热，储冷过程与之类似。该移动式相变储热储冷装置能够以预期的温度稳定输出热量或冷量，使储热储冷装置效率更高、应用广泛。

Description

一种移动式相变储热储冷装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种移动式相变储热储冷装置，属于相变储能技术领域。
背景技术
能源是人类生存和发展的基础，化石能源的大量消耗，使得能源短缺和环境污染问题日益突出。我国是能源消耗大国，但在能源利用过程中存在着转化效率低，利用不充分等现象，提高能源的利用率具有重要的现实意义。
能量储存在节约能源和提高能源利用率上扮演着十分重要的角色，工业生产中产生的废气废热直接排放，造成大量能源浪费，而移动式相变储热储冷装置，具有打破供热地或供冷地与用户之间存在的时间和地域界限的特点，能够以预期的温度稳定输出热量或冷量，可有效解决余热或余冷资源在利用中的不连续性问题。本发明兼顾装置移动性和储能量，以标准集装箱为储热储冷装置，解决了其输运问题，并降低了成本，利用相变材料储能密度高、相变过程近似等温等优点，保证了热能或冷能输出的稳定性，其结构简单紧凑，运行可靠，成本适宜，还具有传热面积大，热能转化速度快，效率高等优点。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种移动式相变储热储冷装置，该装备整体储能密度高，运输方便，热能转化速度快，效率高，能解决现有移动供热供冷装置存在的储热储冷能力低、冷热回收效率不高、充放热时间长等问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种移动式相变储热储冷装置，包括储罐、总管、传热板、相变工质、支架、套管、保温层和箱体，所述储罐、总管、传热板、相变工质、支架、套管和保温层设置在所述箱体内部，所述储罐包括罐体和底座，所述罐体外表面包覆所述保温层，所述传热板、相变工质和支架设置在所述罐体内部，所述传热板布置在所述支架上，所述支架焊接在储罐底板上，所述总管和套管分别与所述传热板相连，所述罐体和保温层一侧面的左上方开设有供所述总管穿过的U型槽，右下方开设有供所述套管穿过的通孔，所述装置利用相变工质相变储能释能近似等温且储能密度高的特性实现热能冷能的快速存储和异地利用。
其中各传热板之间通过总管和套管相互连通，传热板两隔板之间存在翅片。储热时，蒸汽接入总管流经传热板，热量通过传热板传递至相变工质，使其吸热液化储能，蒸汽放热冷凝从下部套管流出；放热时，冷水接入套管流经传热板，热量通过传热板从相变工质传递至冷水得到热水，相变工质放热凝固释能，热水从上部总管流出。储冷过程与储热过程相似，冷量主要是由冷冻水而非蒸汽传递至相变工质，放冷时，相变工质再将冷量传递至工作流体。
所述底座为槽形底座，所述罐体包括底板、前板、后板、侧板和顶板，所述前板在右下方切割出供所述套管穿过的通孔，在左上方切割出供所述总管穿过的U型槽，所述U型槽的直径略大于所述总管的直径，所述前板与两侧板和后板焊接在所述底板上，所述套管穿过前板通孔并焊接，所述顶板为多块板材折弯加工成，可抬起滑动，所述槽形底座为网格设置，并焊接在所述底板下表面，网格中间有通孔用于起重绳索穿过。
传热板包括盖板、隔板、封条、翅片、接管和肋片，其中所述隔板、翅片、与盖板和封条钎焊成传热板芯体，所述传热板芯体斜对角有两个缺口，所述封条布置于所述传热板芯体两侧及缺口端部，上下两端无封条，所述翅片长度与所述隔板齐平。
传热板由传热板芯体、两根接管和若干肋片氩弧焊组装，接管一端密封，另一端开口，并分别在两根接管上铣出一条槽道，传热板芯体两端分别插入两根接管槽道内，接管开口一端朝向传热板芯体缺口方向，将传热板芯体与两根接管焊接在一起，之后将若干肋片等间距纵向焊接在传热板芯体两侧，长度在传热板芯体缺口高度范围内。
所述支架为槽形支架，表面切割若干孔洞，所述支架上表面与所述传热板的接管固定连接，两侧焊接在所述储罐底板上。
套管为一根直径较大的外管和一根直径较小的内管及叉形支架，外管一侧切割与传热板等数量等间距的通孔，通孔直径等于接管外径，一端密封，内管两端均为开口，一端焊接叉形支架，叉形支架对角线长等于外管内径，将内管带有叉形支架的一端伸入外管内，此端开口介于最后一个和倒数第二个通孔之间，再用一块外径等于外管外径，内径等于内管外径的圆板焊接密封外管另一端，内管伸出圆板一定距离，将排列好的传热板下部接管伸入套管通孔，焊接密封，内管外端开口处连接第二快速接头。
总管一端密封，一端开口，在所述储罐内部的部分，端口密封，一侧切割与所述传热板等数量等间距的通孔，所述通孔直径等于所述接管外径，长度等于所述套管总长度，所述传热板上部接管伸入总管通孔，焊接密封，所述储罐外部的部分，端口开口，开口处连接第一快速接头。
相变工质可以为水、三水合醋酸钠、十水合硫酸钠、六水合氯化钙、石蜡(十六烷、十五烷)、聚乙二醇、脂肪酸、高密度聚乙烯等相变材料，相变工质从移除盖板的储罐上部加入储罐内，在加入的同时传热板内通过蒸汽，直至融化的相变工质液位低于储罐前板U型槽最底面一定距离时停止充装，充装完成后盖上储罐盖板。
储罐四周外表面及上下外表面包裹保温层，起重绳索穿过槽形底座通孔，将全部设备吊装入顶开式箱体内，箱体前部也加工成开关式，安装仪表设备等，组成一种移动式相变储热储冷装置。
传热板，支架，套管，总管，储罐的材料根据储热储冷要求，可以为铝合金、碳钢、不锈钢等材料。
作为一种优选，接管和传热板可以根据实际工况选择沿宽度方向或沿长度方向布置，以上说明为接管和传热板沿宽度方向布置，当接管和传热板沿长度方向布置时，可以根据具体长度在同一根接管上布置若干传热板，此时下接管为内管和外管同轴线的套管结构，两根总管为相同沿宽度方向的T型结构，传热板两侧带有翅片，接管和下接管后端焊接定距板，定距板与后板焊接在一起。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点和效果：
1、相变工质储能密度高、相变温度适合，充放热速度快，成本较低，提高了移动式相变储热装置的蓄热蓄冷能力，缩短了充放热时间，时间成本更低；
2、液固两相转换，避免了相变过程中容积的巨大变化，装备结构更为紧凑，单位体积储能得到强化，相变过程近似等温，输出稳定；
3、储罐前板以U型槽与总管连接，总管可自由膨胀，热应力对设备结构产生的影响被削弱，设备更加可靠，造价和后期使用维修费用大幅度降低；
4、移动式相变储热储冷装置传热板容易实现标准化，加工速度快，储热储冷装置为标准化的集装箱，多个储热储冷设备可以并联使用，增加装置储热储冷量，总管和套管采用快速接头连接，进一步缩短了连接时间，提高了使用效率，储热储冷装置配备有智能检测仪表，可实时监测设备运行状态，安全性更好。
附图说明
图1为本发明的移动式相变储热储冷装置外形图。
图2为本发明的移动式相变储热储冷装置a-a剖面图。
图3为本发明的移动式相变储热储冷装置箱体内部外形图。
图4为本发明的移动式相变储热储冷装置箱体内部分解图。
图5为本发明的移动式相变储热储冷装置箱体内部b-b剖面图。
图6为本发明的传热板外形图及分解图。
图7为本发明相变储热储冷装置的支架结构示意图。
图8为本发明相变储热储冷装置的套管分解图及剖视图。
图9为本发明相变储热储冷装置的总管结构示意图。
图10为本发明相变储热储冷装置的储罐结构示意图。
图11为本发明的接管和传热板沿长度方向布置的示意图。
其中，储罐1，总管2，传热板3，相变工质4，支架5，套管6，保温层7，箱体8；
储罐底板1.1，前板1.2，侧板1.3，后板1.4，顶板1.5，底座1.6；第一快速接头2.1；
肋片3.1，盖板3.2，隔板3.3，封条3.4，翅片3.5，接管3.6；
外管6.1，叉形支架6.2，内管6.3，圆板6.4，第二快速接头6.5。
具体实施方式
为进一步说明本实用的发明内容、特点及功能，现结合说明书附图和具体的实施例，对其作详细描述，但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
如图1-4所示，一种移动式相变储热储冷装置，包括储罐1，总管2，传热板3，相变工质4，支架5，套管6，保温层7和箱体8，所述储罐1、总管2、传热板3、相变工质4、支架5、套管6和保温层7设置在所述箱体8内部，所述储罐1包括罐体和底座1.6，所述罐体外表面包覆所述保温层7，所述传热板3、相变工质4和支架5设置在所述罐体内部，所述传热板3布置在所述支架5上，所述支架5焊接在储罐底板1.1上，所述总管2和套管6分别与所述传热板3相连，所述罐体和保温层7一侧面的左上方开设有供所述总管2穿过的U型槽，右下方开设有供所述套管6穿过的通孔，所述装置利用相变工质4相变储能释能近似等温且储能密度高的特性实现热能冷能的快速存储和异地利用。
如图5所示，其中各传热板3之间通过总管2和套管6相互连通，传热板3两隔板3.3之间存在多孔翅片3.5。储热时，蒸汽接入总管2流经传热板3，热量通过传热板3传递至相变工质4，使其吸热液化储能，蒸汽放热冷凝从下部套管6流出；放热时，冷水接入套管6流经传热板3，热量通过传热板3从相变工质4传递至冷水得到热水，相变工质4放热凝固释能，热水从上部总管2流出。采用上部通入蒸汽和下部通入水的方式，可以保证两种工质充满传热板3内部空间，使得换热面积被充分利用，强化换热。储冷过程与储热过程相似，冷量主要是由冷冻水而非蒸汽传递至相变工质4，放冷时，相变工质4再将冷量传递至工作流体，其储冷放冷时进出口位置视情况适当调整。
如图6所示，传热板3由传热板芯体、两根接管3.6和若干肋片3.1组成，其中隔板3.3、翅片3.5、与盖板3.2和封条3.4钎焊成传热板芯体，传热板芯体斜对角有两个缺口，封条3.4布置于传热板芯体两侧及缺口端部，上下两端无封条3.4，翅片3.5长度与隔板3.3齐平。接管3.6一端密封，另一端开口，并分别在两根接管3.6上铣出一条槽道，传热板芯体两端分别插入两根接管3.6槽道内，接管3.6开口一端朝向传热板芯体缺口方向，将传热板芯体与两根接管3.6焊接在一起，之后将若干肋片3.1等间距纵向焊接在传热板芯体两侧，长度在传热板芯体缺口高度范围内。传热板3内翅片3.5使得高温蒸汽或冷水湍动程度增加，内部传热加强，传热板3与相变工质4接触侧通过肋片3.1拓展导热表面，外部导热进一步被强化。
如图7所示，两根槽形支架5两侧板切割若干孔洞，两侧板焊接在储罐底板上，顶板上均匀布置若干传热板3，在套管6和总管2焊接好后调整均布的传热板3位置，将接管3.6固定在支架顶板上。支架切割若干孔洞，保证支架槽道内充满相变工质，避免凝固膨胀造成支架应力变形和破坏，使其空间得到充分利用，同时保证传热板3在装置移动过程中保持位置恒定，保证设备的稳定性。
如图8所示，套管6为一根直径较大的外管6.1和一根直径较小的内管6.3及叉形支架6.2，外管6.1一侧切割与传热板3等数量等间距的通孔，通孔直径等于接管3.6外径，一端密封，内管6.3两端均为开口，一端焊接叉形支架6.2，叉形支架6.2对角线长等于外管6.1内径，将内管6.3带有叉形支架6.2的一端伸入外管6.1内，此端开口介于最后一个和倒数第二个通孔之间，保证总管2中来流的蒸汽或者套管6中来流的冷水，通过各传热板3的流体具有相同的流动路程，使得流体的出口温 度稳定在一小范围内，整个设备各部件之间近似为等强度，各部位均得到有效利用。再用一块外径等于外管6.1外径，内径等于内管6.3外径的圆板6.4焊接密封外管6.1另一端，内管6.3伸出圆板6.4一定距离，将排列好的传热板3下部接管3.6伸入套管6通孔，焊接密封，内管6.3外端开口处连接第二快速接头6.5，方便装置与外部工况连接，时间成本降低，设备运行效率提高。
如图9所示，总管2一侧切割与传热板3等数量等间距的通孔，通孔直径等于接管3.6外径，一端密封，一端开口，长度等于套管6总长度，将排列好的传热板3上部接管3.6伸入总管2通孔，焊接密封，开口处连接第一快速接头2.1。方便装置与外部工况连接，降低设备时间成本，提高其运行效率。
如图10所示，储罐1为罐体和槽形底座1.6焊接组成，所述罐体包括底板1.1、前板1.2、后板1.4、侧板1.3和顶板1.5，前板1.2在下部套管6位置切割出通孔，在上部总管2位置切割出直径较大的U型槽，此时总管2受热可自由膨胀，热应力对设备结构产生的影响被削弱，设备更加可靠，造价和后期使用维修费用大幅度降低。将套管6和总管2插入前板1.2通孔和U型槽内，与两侧板1.3和后板1.4焊接在储罐底板1.1上，再密封焊接套管6和前板1.2，上部为多块板材折弯加工成的顶板1.5，可抬起滑动，便于相变储能材料相变工质4的快速充装。储罐底板1.1下部为网格布置焊接的槽形底座1.6，网格中间有通孔用于起重绳索穿过，将储罐底板1.1焊接在槽形网格底座1.6上，槽形网格底座1.6载荷分布均匀，承载能力较好，且便于移动和设备维修。
相变工质4可以为水、三水合醋酸钠、十水合硫酸钠、六水合氯化钙、石蜡(十六烷、十五烷)、聚乙二醇、脂肪酸、高密度聚乙烯等相变材料，相变工质4从移除盖板1.5的储罐1上部加入储罐1内，在加入的同时传热板3内通过蒸汽，使得相变工质4融化为液态，充斥于储罐1内部空间，整个设备具有最大的充装量。融化的相变工质4液位低于储罐1前板1.2U型槽最底面一定距离时停止充装，充装完成后盖上储罐1顶板1.5。
如图4所示，储罐1四周外表面及上下外表面包裹保温层7，起重绳索穿过槽形底座1.6通孔，将全部设备吊装入顶开式箱体8内，箱体8前部也加工成开关式，安装仪表设备等，组成一种移动式相变储热储冷装置。
储罐1，总管2，传热板3，支架5，套管6的材料根据储热储冷要求，可以为铝合金、碳钢、不锈钢等材料。选定不同的材料，在满足储热储冷要求的同时， 又可以减轻设备的重量，降低制造成本。
如图11所示，作为本发明的另一个实施例，接管11和传热板10可以根据实际工况选择沿宽度方向或沿长度方向布置，以上说明为接管11和传热板10沿宽度方向布置，当接管11和传热板10沿长度方向布置时，可以根据具体长度在同一根接管11上布置若干传热板10，此时下接管12为内管和外管同轴线的套管结构，两根总管9为相同沿宽度方向的T型结构，传热板10两侧带有翅片，接管11和下接管12后端焊接定距板，定距板13与后板焊接在一起。当沿长度方向布置时，接管11和下接管12与总管9的焊接数量更少，技术上更易实现，密封性能亦得到提高，下接管12为套管结构的作用与沿宽度方向布置时的套管作用相同。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明作任何限制，凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效结构变化，均属于本发明技术方案的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种移动式相变储热储冷装置，其特征在于：包括储罐、总管、传热板、相变工质、支架、套管、保温层和箱体，所述储罐、总管、传热板、相变工质、支架、套管和保温层设置在所述箱体内部，所述储罐包括罐体和底座，所述罐体外表面包覆所述保温层，所述传热板、相变工质和支架设置在所述罐体内部，所述传热板布置在所述支架上，所述支架焊接在储罐底板上，所述总管和套管分别与所述传热板相连，所述罐体和保温层一侧面的左上方开设有供所述总管穿过的U型槽，右下方开设有供所述套管穿过的通孔，所述装置利用所述相变工质相变过程储能释能的特性实现热能的快速存储和异地利用。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的移动式相变储热储冷装置，其特征在于：所述底座为槽形底座，所述罐体包括底板、前板、后板、侧板和顶板，所述前板在右下方切割出供所述套管穿过的通孔，在左上方切割出供所述总管穿过的U型槽，所述U型槽的直径略大于所述总管的直径，所述前板与两侧板和后板焊接在所述底板上，所述套管穿过前板通孔并焊接，所述顶板为多块板材折弯加工成，可抬起滑动，所述槽形底座为网格设置，并焊接在所述底板下表面，网格中间有通孔用于起重绳索穿过。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的移动式相变储热储冷装置，其特征在于：所述传热板包括盖板、隔板、封条、翅片、接管和肋片，其中所述隔板、翅片、与盖板和封条钎焊成传热板芯体，所述传热板芯体斜对角有两个缺口，所述封条布置于所述传热板芯体两侧及缺口端部，上下两端无封条，所述翅片长度与所述隔板齐平。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的移动式相变储热储冷装置，其特征在于：所述传热板由传热板芯体、接管和肋片氩弧焊组装，所述接管一端密封，另一端开口，所述接管上铣有一条槽道，所述传热板芯体两端分别插入所述接管槽道内，所述接管开口一端朝向所述传热板芯体缺口方向，所述传热板芯体与所述接管焊接在一起，所述肋片等间距纵向焊接在所述传热板芯体两侧，长度在所述传热板芯体缺口高度范围内。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的移动式相变储热储冷装置，其特征在于：所述传热板包括盖板、隔板、封条、翅片、接管、肋片和定距板，其中所述隔板、翅片、盖板和封条钎焊成传热板芯体，所述接管上铣有一条槽道，所述传热板芯体两端分别插入所述接管槽道内，所述肋片等间距横向焊接在所述传热板芯体两侧，所述接管包括上接管和下接管，所述下接管为内管和外管同轴线的套管结构，所述 上接管和下接管一端密封，另一端开口，所述密封端焊接定距板，所述开口端连接所述总管，所述总管为相同沿宽度方向的T型结构，所述定距板与所述储罐后板焊接在一起。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的移动式相变储热储冷装置，其特征在于：所述支架为槽形支架，表面切割若干孔洞，所述支架上表面与所述传热板的接管固定连接，两侧焊接在所述储罐底板上。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的移动式相变储热储冷装置，其特征在于：所述套管包括一根直径较大的外管和一根直径较小的内管及叉形支架，所述外管一端密封，一侧切割与所述传热板等数量等间距的通孔，通孔直径等于所述接管外径，所述内管两端均为开口，一端焊接叉形支架，所述叉形支架对角线长度等于所述外管内径，所述内管带有叉形支架的一端设置于所述外管密封端的第一个和第二个通孔之间，所述外管另一端密封焊接一块外径等于外管外径，内径等于内管外径的圆板，所述内管伸出所述圆板一定距离，所述传热板下部接管伸入所述套管通孔，焊接密封，所述内管外端开口处连接第二快速接头。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的移动式相变储热储冷装置，其特征在于：所述总管一端密封，一端开口，在所述储罐内部的部分，端口密封，一侧切割与所述传热板等数量等间距的通孔，所述通孔直径等于所述接管外径，长度等于所述套管总长度，所述传热板上部接管伸入总管通孔，焊接密封，所述储罐外部的部分，端口开口，开口处连接第一快速接头。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的移动式相变储热储冷装置，其特征在于：所述相变工质为水、三水合醋酸钠、十水合硫酸钠、六水合氯化钙、十六烷、十五烷、聚乙二醇、脂肪酸或高密度聚乙烯。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的移动式相变储热储冷装置，其特征在于：所述箱体的顶部或前部为开关式设置。
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