WO2021138413A1

WO2021138413A1 - Wearable fluid collection system and related methods

Info

Publication number: WO2021138413A1
Application number: PCT/US2020/067454
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ping Huang; Jingkuang Chen; Shahab Siddiqui; Kyle DAW; Claire GLOECKNER
Original assignee: Purewick Corporation
Priority date: 2020-01-03
Filing date: 2020-12-30
Publication date: 2021-07-08

Abstract

Examples relate to devices, systems, and methods for fluid collection such as urine. A wearable fluid collection system includes an undergarment, a fluid collection device, a pump, and a first conduit. The undergarment is configured to be worn by an individual with at least a portion of the undergarment proximate to a urethra of the individual. The fluid collection device is secured to the undergarment so that the fluid collection device covers the urethra of the individual when the undergarment is worn. The pump is secured to the undergarment. The first conduit fluidly couples the pump and the fluid collection device.

Description

WEARABLE FLUID COLLECTION SYSTEM AND RELATED METHODS

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/956,756 filed on January 3, 2020, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein, in its entirety, by this references.

BACKGROUND

[0002] An individual may have limited or impaired mobility such that typical urination processes are challenging or impossible. For example, the individual may have surgery or a disability that impairs mobility. In another example, the individual may have restricted travel conditions such as those experienced by pilots, drivers, and workers in hazardous areas. Additionally, fluid collection from the individual may be needed for monitoring purposes or clinical testing.

[0003] Bed pans and urinary catheters, such as a Foley catheter, may be used to address some of these circumstances. However, bed pans and urinary catheters have several problems associated therewith. For example, bed pans may be prone to discomfort, spills, and other hygiene issues. Urinary catheters be may be uncomfortable, painful, and may cause urinary tract infections.

[0004] Thus, users and manufacturers of fluid collection devices continue to seek new and improved devices, systems, and methods to collect urine.

SUMMARY

[0005] Embodiments disclosed herein are related to fluid collection devices and methods of using fluid collection devices. In an embodiment, a wearable fluid collection system is disclosed. The wearable fluid collection system includes an undergarment, a fluid collection device, a pump, and a first conduit. The undergarment is configured to be worn by an individual with at least a portion of the undergarment proximate to a urethra of the individual. The fluid collection device is secured to the undergarment so that the fluid collection device covers the urethra of the individual when the undergarment is worn. The pump is secured to the undergarment. The first conduit fluidly couples the pump and the fluid collection device.

[0006] In another embodiment, a wearable fluid collection system is disclosed. The wearable fluid collection system includes an undergarment and a disposable fluid collection cartridge. The undergarment is configured to be worn by an individual with at least a portion of the undergarment proximate to a urethra of the individual, the undergarment including one or more fastening elements. The disposable fluid collection cartridge is removably secured to the undergarment with the disposable fluid collection cartridge covering the urethra of the individual. At least a portion of the disposable fluid collection cartridge is configured to removably attach to the one or more fastening elements.

[0007] In another embodiment, a method of collecting fluid is disclosed. The method includes clothing an individual with an undergarment with a fluid collection device covering a urethra of the individual. The method also includes collecting fluid discharged from the user in the fluid collection device. The method also includes pumping the fluid from the fluid collection device through a conduit to a collection bag or a collection container.

[0008] Features from any of the disclosed embodiments may be used in combination with one another, without limitation. In addition, other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art through consideration of the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0009] The drawings illustrate several embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein identical reference numerals refer to identical or similar elements or features in different views or embodiments shown in the drawings.

[0010] FIG. 1A is a front view of a wearable fluid collection system, according to an embodiment.

[0011] FIG. IB is a front view of a wearable fluid collection system, according to an embodiment.

[0012] FIG. 2A is a front view of a wearable fluid collection system, according to an embodiment.

[0013] FIG. 2B is a front view of a wearable fluid collection system, according to an embodiment.

[0014] FIG. 3A is a front view of wearable fluid collection system, according to an embodiment.

[0015] FIG. 3B is a top view of a fluid absorption material, according to an embodiment.

[0016] FIG. 3C is a top view of a fluid collection cartridge, according to an embodiment.

[0017] FIG. 4A is a front view of a fluid collection system, according to an embodiment. [0018] FIG. 4B is a top view of a fluid collection cartridge, according to an embodiment.

[0019] FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view of a fluid collection cartridge, according to an embodiment.

[0020] FIG. 4D is a cross-sectional view of a fluid collection cartridge, according to an embodiment.

[0021] FIG. 4E is a cross-sectional view of a fluid collection cartridge, according to an embodiment.

[0022] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a controller in a fluid collection system, according to an embodiment.

[0023] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a fluid collection system, according to an embodiment.

[0024] FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of a method of collecting fluid, according to an embodiment, according to an embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Embodiments disclosed herein are related to fluid collection devices and methods of using the same. The devices and systems disclosed herein are configured to be worn by individuals and collect fluids from the individual. As the fluid collection devices and systems may be worn by the individuals, the fluid collection devices and systems allow the individual to be ambulatory and mobile while wearing the fluid collection devices and systems. In some embodiments described herein, the fluid collection devices are disposable and replaceable, thereby allowing an individual to change the fluid collection device at his/her convenience. The fluids collected by the fluid collection devices may include at least one of urine, vaginal discharge, penile discharge, reproductive fluids, blood, sweat, or other bodily fluids.

[0026] FIG. 1A is a front view of a wearable fluid collection system 100, according to an embodiment. The fluid collection system 100 is configured for use with either an ambulatory or immobile individual. The fluid collection system 100 includes at least an undergarment 105 and a fluid collection device 150. The undergarment 105 is configured to be worn by an individual with at least a portion of the undergarment 105 being proximate to a urethra of the individual wearing the undergarment 105. In the undergarment 105 shown in FIG. 1A, a portion 107 of the undergarment 105 is positioned between the urethra of the individual wearing the undergarment 105 and the fluid collection device 150. The portion 107 of the undergarment 105 positioned between the urethra of the individual and the fluid collection device 150 may include a hydrophobic layer of material having at least one of a hole or a plurality perforations extending therethrough. The at least one of the hole of the perforations are sized such that urine or other bodily fluid discharged from the body pass through the hydrophobic layer of material to the fluid collection device. The portion 107 of the undergarment 105 positioned between the fluid collection device 150 and the urethra of the individual also may include a one-way membrane configured to allow fluid or air to pass from the individual through the one-way membrane to the fluid collection device 150, but prevent fluid or air from passing through the one-way membrane from the fluid collection device 150 to the individual. In other embodiments, the undergarment 105 may include an opening positioned on the undergarment 105 to surround the urethra of the individual such that the undergarment 105 is absent between the fluid collection device 150 and the urethra of the individual.

[0027] The undergarment 105 may include two legs openings and a waist opening. The undergarment 105 may be specifically designed for male or female use. For example, for a female fluid collection system, the fluid collection device 150 may be positioned on the undergarment 105 as shown in FIG. 1A. For a male fluid collection system, however, the fluid collection device 150 may be elsewhere on the undergarment to be proximate to the urethra on the penis of the male individual wearing the undergarment 105. Unless otherwise noted, the undergarment 105 may include a variety of undergarment materials, such as cotton, polyester, nylon, elastic, or combinations thereof.

[0028] The fluid collection device 150 is configured to collect one or more of urine, vaginal discharge, penile discharge, reproductive fluids, blood, sweat, or other bodily fluids. The fluid collection device 150 may include a fluid permeable body or layer disposed in a chamber defined by a fluid impermeable barrier. The fluid collection device 150 may include any of the fluid collection devices shown in FIGS. 4C-4E. The fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 can be configured to wick any fluid away from the urethra and/or the undergarment 105, thereby preventing the fluid from escaping the wearable fluid collection system 100 or transferring to undesired portions of the undergarment 105. The fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 also can wick the fluid generally towards an interior of the fluid collection device 150. A portion of the fluid permeable body can define a portion of an outer surface of the fluid collection device 150. Specifically, the portion of the fluid permeable body defining the portion of the outer surface of the fluid collection device 150 can be the portion of the fluid permeable body that contacts the individual or contacts the portion the undergarment covering the urethra of the individual. Moreover, the portion of the fluid permeable body defining the portion of the outer surface of the fluid collection device 150 may be free from coverage by gauze or other wicking material at the opening.

[0029] The fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 can include any material that can wick or allow transport of the fluid. The permeable properties referred to herein can be wicking, capillary action, diffusion, or other similar properties or processes, and are referred to herein as “permeable” and/or “wicking.” Such “wicking” may exclude absorption into the wicking material.

[0030] The fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 can include a one way fluid movement fabric. As such, the fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 can remove fluid from the area around the urethra of the individual, thereby leaving the urethra dry. The fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 can enable the fluid to flow generally towards a reservoir and/or a conduit 115. For example, the fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 can include a porous or fibrous material, such as hydrophilic polyolefin. In some embodiments, the fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 consists of or consists essentially of a porous or fibrous material, such as hydrophilic polyolefin. Examples of polyolefin that can be used in the fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 include, but are not limited to, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer, or combinations thereof. The porous or fibrous material can be extruded into a substantially flat or planar shape to fit within the chamber of the fluid impermeable barrier. The fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 may be shaped generally complementary to the shape of the fluid impermeable barrier of the fluid collection device 150. The fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 can include varying densities or dimensions. Moreover, the fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 can be manufactured according to various manufacturing methods, such as molding, extrusion, or sintering.

[0031] In some embodiments, the fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 includes a singular and porous body. In other embodiments, the fluid permeable body can include two or more layers of fluid permeable materials. For example, the fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 can include a fluid permeable membrane covering or wrapped around a fluid permeable support of the fluid collection device 150, with both the fluid permeable membrane and the fluid permeable support being disposed in the chamber of the fluid collection device 150. The fluid permeable membrane can cover or extend across at least a portion (e.g., all) of the opening of the fluid collection device 150. The fluid permeable membrane and the fluid permeable support can be configured to wick any fluid away from the opening of the fluid collection device 150, thereby preventing the fluid from escaping the chamber. The permeable properties referred to herein can be wicking, capillary action, diffusion, or other similar properties or processes, and are referred to herein as “permeable” and/or “wicking.” In some embodiments, at least one of the fluid permeable membrane or the fluid permeable support include nylon configured to wick fluid away from the opening. The material of the fluid permeable membrane and the fluid permeable support also can include natural fibers. In such examples, the material may have a coating to prevent or limit absorption of fluid into the material, such as a water repellent coating. Such “wicking” may not include absorption into the wicking material. Put another way, substantially no absorption of fluid into the material may take place after the material is exposed to the fluid and removed from the fluid for a time. While no absorption is desired, the term “substantially no absorption” may allow for nominal amounts of absorption of fluid into the wicking material (e.g., absorbency), such as less than about 10 wt% of the dry weight of the wicking material, less than about 7 wt%, less than about 5 wt%, less than about 3 wt%, less than about 2 wt%, less than about 1 wt%, or less than about 0.5 wt% of the dry weight of the wicking material.

[0032] The fluid permeable membrane can also wick the fluid generally towards an interior of the chamber and/or a conduit 115, as discussed in more detail below. The fluid permeable membrane can include any material that can wick the fluid. For example, the fluid permeable membrane can include fabric, such as a gauze (e.g., a silk, linen, polymer based materials such as polyester, or cotton gauze), nylon, another soft fabric (e.g., jersey knit fabric or the like), or another smooth fabric (e.g., rayon, satin, or the like). Forming the fluid permeable membrane from gauze, soft fabric, and/or smooth fabric can reduce chaffing caused by the fluid collection device 150. Other embodiments of fluid permeable membranes, fluid permeable supports, chambers, fluid collection devices, and shapes and configurations thereof are disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 15/612,325 filed on June 2, 2017; U.S. Patent Application No. 15/260,103 filed on September 8, 2016; U.S. Patent Application No. 15/611,587 filed on June 1, 2017; PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US 19/29608, filed on April 29, 2019, the disclosure of each of which is incorporated herein, in its entirety, by this reference. In many embodiments, the fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150 includes a fluid permeable support including a porous nylon structure (e.g., spun nylon fibers) and a fluid permeable membrane including gauze about or over the porous nylon structure.

[0033] The fluid collection device 150 also may include a one-way membrane between the fluid collection device 150 and the individual. The one-way membrane of the fluid collection device 150 may be configured to allow fluid and air to pass from the individual through the one-way membrane to the fluid collection device 150, but prevent fluid and air from passing through the one-way membrane from the fluid collection device 150 to the individual.

[0034] The wearable fluid collection system 100 also may include a pump 120 that is fluidly coupled to the fluid collection device 150. In some embodiments, the pump 120 is fluidly coupled to the fluid collection device 150 through a pump conduit 125. The pump conduit 125 may include tubing, such as plastic or rubber tubing. In some embodiments, the pump 120 may be fluidly coupled directly to the fluid collection device 150, and the pump conduit 125 is absent. The pump 120 may be secured to the undergarment 105. In some embodiments, the pump 120 is detachably secured to the undergarment 105, thereby allowing replacement of the pump 120 with a different pump. In the wearable fluid collection system 100, the pump 120 is secured to the undergarment 105 in a pocket 130 formed on the undergarment 105. The pocket 130 may include a locking or closing element.

[0035] The wearable fluid collection system 100 also may include a collection bag 110 and a collection conduit 115 fluidly coupling the fluid collection device 150 to the collection bag 110. The collection bag 110 is configured to secure to at least one of the undergarment 105 or another item of clothing. For example, the collection bag 110 may be removably secured to the undergarment 105 at different locations, such as the waistband shown in FIG. 1A. The collection bag 110 is disposable and also may include a rigid collection container. In some embodiments, the collection bag 110 may include one or more solidifying agents configured to solidify urine or other fluids collected in the collection bag 110. The one or more solidifying agents can include at least one of sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, cross-linked polyethylene oxide, zeolite, anhydrous substances, cellulose, cotton, or other suitable solidifying agents. The wearable fluid collection system 100 also may include one or more one-way valves. For example, the wearable fluid collection system 100 may include a first one-way valve configured to allow fluid or air to pass from the pump conduit 125 to the fluid collection device 150, but prevent fluid or air from passing from the fluid collection device 150 to the pump conduit 125. The wearable fluid collection system 100 also may include a second one-way valve configured to allow fluid or air to pass from the fluid collection device 150 to the collection conduit 115, but prevent fluid or air from passing from the collection conduit 115 to the fluid collection device 150. The one or more one-way valves prevent undesired backflow of fluid in the wearable fluid collection system 100.

[0036] In operation, the pump 120 is configured to force air into the fluid collection device 150, thereby increasing pressure within the fluid collection device 150. The increase in pressure in the fluid collection device 150 then forces fluid in the fluid collection device 150 into the collection conduit 115 and the collection bag 110. The pump 120 may be configured to operate continuously, manually, or at periodic predetermined timed intervals. In some embodiments, the pump 120 is configured to allow a user to select to operate the pump 120 continuously, manually, or at periodic predetermined timed intervals. In some embodiments, the pump 120 is operably coupled to an external electronic device, such as a smart phone, that allows a user to operate the pump 120 using the external electronic device. In some embodiments, the pump 120 operates automatically responsive to a signal from a sensor in the fluid collection device 150 indicating that a predetermined amount of fluid is in the fluid collection device 150. The pump 120 can operate through a multitude of controls and modes of action, including but not limited to piezoelectric, diaphragm, gear, vane, peristaltic, impeller, electro-osmotic, or other suitable controls and modes of action.

[0037] In some embodiments, the wearable urine collection system 100 includes one or more sensors 109. For example, the wearable urine collection system 100 may include a sensor 109 in the fluid collection device 150. The sensor in the fluid collection device 150 may detect when a predetermined amount of fluid is in the fluid collection device 150 and signal the pump 120 to activate. The wearable urine collection system 100 may include a sensor in the collection bag 110. The sensor in the collection bag 110 may detect when a predetermined amount of fluid is in the collection bag 110 and include an electronic controller configured to signal to an additional device (such as a smart phone) that the collection bag 110 needs to be emptied or replaced.

[0038] The fluid collection device 150 may be disposable and detachably secured to the undergarment 105. In some embodiments, however, the fluid collection device 150 is not configured to be removed and replaced on the undergarment. In these and other embodiments, the pump 120, the pump conduit 125, the collection conduit 115, and the collection bag 110 may be absent from the fluid collection system. [0039] FIG. IB illustrates a wearable fluid collection system 160, according to an embodiment. Unless otherwise noted, the wearable fluid collection system 160 may include any aspect of the wearable fluid collection system 100, such as the fluid collection device 150, the fluid collection bag 110, the pump 120, and the conduit 115. The wearable fluid collection system 160 includes an undergarment 165. Unless otherwise noted, the undergarment 165 may include any aspect of the undergarment 105 described above. The undergarment 165 includes an opening positioned on the undergarment 165 to surround the urethra of the individual such that the undergarment 165 is absent between the fluid collection device 150 and the urethra of the individual.

[0040] The wearable fluid collection system 160 also includes the pump 120. The pump 120 may include any aspect of the pump 120 of the wearable fluid collection system 100. The pump 120 may be positioned and/or secured to the collection conduit 115 between the fluid collection device 150 and the collection bag 110. The pump 120 is configured to promote movement of fluid from the fluid collection device 150 to the collection bag 110. For example, the pump 120 may create a vacuum that pulls urine or other fluids from the fluid collection device 150 and directs the fluid to the collection bag 110.

[0041] FIG. 2A illustrates a wearable fluid collection system 200, according to an embodiment. Unless otherwise noted, the wearable fluid collection system 200 may include the same or similar components to the wearable fluid collection systems 100 or 160, such as one or more of the undergarment 105 or 165, the pocket 130, the pump 120, the pump conduit 125, the fluid collection device 150, one or more sensors 109, and one or more of the one-way valves.

[0042] The wearable fluid collection system 200 also includes a backpack 140 (or waist pack) housing a collection bag or container fluidly coupled to the fluid collection device 150 through an extended collection conduit 135. The backpack 140 also may include an additional pump 145 configured to pull a vacuum on the extended collection conduit 135, thereby pulling fluid from the fluid collection device 150 and into the collection bag 110 or container housed in the backpack 140. For example, the pump 145 may be in fluid communication with a generally rigid collection container held in the backpack 140 such that, when activated, the pump 145 creates a negative pressure in the collection container. Because the collection container is in fluid communication with the fluid collection device 150 via the collection conduit 135, the negative pressure in the collection container pulls urine from the fluid collection device 150 through the collection conduit 135 and into the collection container in the backpack 140. In some embodiments, pump 145 may be positioned and/or secured to the collection conduit 135 and configured to promote advancement of urine from the fluid collection device 150 to the collection container or bag in the backpack 140. The pump 145 may be positioned on the outside of the backpack 140. In some embodiments, the pump 145 may be positioned within the backpack 140. [0043] The additional pump 145 may be configured to operate continuously, manually, or at periodic predetermined timed intervals. In some embodiments, the additional pump 145 is configured to allow a user to select to operate the additional pump 145 continuously, manually, or at periodic predetermined timed intervals. In some embodiments, the additional pump 145 includes a controller that is operably coupled to an external electronic device, such as a smart phone, that allows a user to operate the additional pump 145 using the external electronic device. In some embodiments, the additional pump 145 operates automatically responsive to a signal from a sensor in the fluid collection device 150 indicating that a predetermined amount of fluid is in the fluid collection device 150. Moreover, while FIG. 2A shows the pump 120 and the pump conduit 125, in some embodiments of the wearable fluid collection system 200, the pump 120, the pocket 130, and the pump conduit 125 are absent, and the pump 145 on or in the backpack is sufficient to withdraw fluid from the fluid collection device 150.

[0044] FIG. 2B illustrates a wearable fluid collection system 260 having a backpack 140, an undergarment 105, and a fluid collection device 150. Unless otherwise noted, the wearable fluid collection system 260 may include any aspect of wearable fluid collection systems 100, 160, or 200, such as the undergarment 105 or 165, the fluid collection device 150, the backpack 140, and/or the collection bag or collection container (not shown). [0045] In some embodiments, the wearable fluid collection system 260 includes the pump 120. The pump 120 may include any aspect of the pump 120 of the wearable fluid collection systems 100 or 160, or the pump 145 of the wearable fluid collection system 200. Rather than positioned on the undergarment 105, the pump 120 may be positioned and/or secured to the collection conduit 115 between the fluid collection device 150 and the collection bag or collection container in the backpack 140. The pump 120 may be positioned or positionable in the backpack 140 such that the pump is not visible. The pump 120 is configured to promote movement of fluid from the fluid collection device 150 to the collection bag or collection container in the backpack 140. For example, the pump 120 may create a vacuum that pulls urine or other fluids from the fluid collection device 150 and direct the fluid to the collection bag or the collection container in the backpack 140. [0046] FIG. 3A illustrates a wearable fluid collection system 300. Unless otherwise noted, the wearable fluid collection system 300 may include the same or similar components to the wearable fluid collection system 100 or 160, such as one or more of the undergarment 105 or 165, the pocket 130, the pump conduit 125, the collection bag 110, one or more sensors 109, and one or more of the one-way valves. The wearable fluid collection system 300 also may include the portion 107 of the undergarment 105 positioned between the urethra of the individual and a fluid collection device 350 that includes the hydrophobic layer of material having at least one of a hole or a plurality perforations extending therethrough. The wearable fluid collection system 300 also may include the portion of the undergarment 105 positioned between the urethra of the individual and the fluid collection device 350 that includes one-way membrane configured to allow fluid or air to pass from the individual through the one-way membrane to the fluid collection device 350, but prevent fluid or air from passing through the one-way membrane from the fluid collection device 350 to the individual.

[0047] The wearable fluid collection system 300 includes a pump 320 configured to pull a vacuum through the pump conduit 125 or otherwise promote fluid or air from the fluid collection device 350 and the pump conduit 125 to the pump 320. The pump 320 also is configured to force or otherwise promote air or fluid from the pump 320 through the conduit 305 to the collection bag 110. The pump 320 may be configured to operate continuously, manually, or at periodic predetermined timed intervals. In some embodiments, the pump 320 is configured to allow a user to select to operate the pump 320 continuously, manually, or at periodic predetermined timed intervals. In some embodiments, the pump 320 includes a controller that is operably coupled to an external electronic device, such as a smart phone, that allows a user to operate the pump 320 using the external electronic device. In some embodiments, the pump 320 operates automatically responsive to a signal from a sensor in the fluid collection device 350 indicating that a predetermined amount of fluid is in the fluid collection device 350.

[0048] The wearable fluid collection system 300 also may include a collection conduit 305 and a fluid collection device 350. In contrast to the collection conduit 115 of the wearable fluid collection system 100, the collection conduit 305 in the wearable fluid collection system 300 may fluidly couple the collection bag 110 to the pump 320. The conduit 305 and the pump conduit 125 may include a continuous conduit or two separate conduits secured to the pump 320. When the pump 320 is activated, the pump 320 may pull fluid from the fluid collection device 350 through the pump conduit 125, then force or promote the fluid through the collection conduit 305 to the collection bag 110. The collection conduit 305 and the pump 320 of the wearable fluid collection system 300 may replace the collection conduit 115 and the pump 120 of the wearable fluid collection system 100 or 200. Alternatively, the collection conduit 115 and the pump 320 of the wearable fluid collection system 100 may replace the collection conduit 305 and the pump 320 of the wearable fluid collection system 100. In still other embodiments, the wearable fluid collection system 300 includes the fluid collection device 300, but the pump conduit 125, the pump 320, the pocket 130, the collection conduit 305, and the collection bag 110 are absent from the wearable fluid collection system 300.

[0049] The wearable fluid collection system 300 may include one or more one-way valves preventing undesired backflow through the conduits. For example, the wearable fluid collection system 300 may include a first one-way valve that allows air or fluid to pass from the fluid collection device 350 to the pump 320, but prevents air or fluid from passing from the pump 320 to the fluid collection device 350. The first one-way valve may be positioned in fluid collection device 350, the pump conduit 125, or the pump 320. The wearable fluid collection system 300 also may include a second one-way valve that allows air or fluid to pass from the pump 320 to the collection bag 110, but prevents air or fluid from passing from the fluid collection bag 110 to the pump 320. The second one-way valve may be positioned in the pump, positioned in the collection conduit 305, or positioned in the collection bag 110.

[0050] The fluid collection device 350 may include a disposable fluid collection device detachably connected to the undergarment 105. A detachable fluid collection device 350 allows an individual to remove and replace a used fluid collection device 350 with a new, fresh fluid collection device 350 without changing the undergarment 105. Turning to FIGS. 3B and 3C, the fluid collection device 350 may include a disposable cartridge 355 (shown in FIG. 3C) and an absorbent material 370 (shown in FIG. 3B) inside or attached to the cartridge 355. The cartridge 355 may include a hydrophobic or water repellent surface 360 and a drain 365. The water repellent surface 360 may surround substantially all of the absorbent material 370 or contact the sides of the absorbent material 370. In other embodiments, the cartridge 355 includes a fluid impermeable barrier forming a chamber housing the absorbent material 370 and also defining an opening. The water repellent surface 360 may extend across substantially all of the opening defined by the fluid impermeable barrier of the cartridge 355. The water repellent surface 360 may include one or more of a multitude of materials, including but not limited to polytetrafluroethylene, nylon, silicone rubber, or other suitable water repellent materials.

[0051] The cartridge 355 also includes a drain 365 on the water repellent surface 360. The drain 365 is configured to guide fluids away from the individual to the absorbent material 370 in the cartridge 355. The drain 365 may include a single hole or a plurality of holes. In some embodiments, the water repellent surface 360 includes a one-way membrane allowing fluid to pass from outside the cartridge 355 to the absorbent material 370 through a plurality of holes in the water repellent surface 360, but preventing fluid from exiting the cartridge 355 from the absorbent material 370 through the water repellent surface 360. The drain 365 also may include a plurality of slots in the water repellent surface 360.

[0052] The absorbent material 370 may include one or more of a multitude of different materials, including at least one of sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, cross- linked polyethylene oxide, zeolite, anhydrous substances, cellulose, cotton, or other suitable absorbent materials. The absorbent material 370 also may include a plurality of slots in the absorbent material 370. The slots of the absorbent material 370 may, for example, increase the surface area to increase absorbency or to improve flexibility. In some embodiments, the cartridge 355 includes wicking material instead of or in addition to the absorbent material. The wicking material in the cartridge 355 may include any of the materials described above in relation to the fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150.

[0053] In embodiments of the wearable fluid collection system 300 having the pump conduit 125, the pump conduit 125 may extend through the cartridge 355 into or proximate to the absorbent material 370. The pump conduit 125, then, may provide fluid communication between the cartridge 355 and the pump 320. When the pump 320 is activated, the pump 320 may pull fluid from the absorbent material 370 and the cartridge 355.

[0054] FIG. 4A illustrates a wearable fluid collection system 400, according to an embodiment. Unless otherwise noted, the wearable fluid collection system 400 may include the same or similar components to the wearable fluid collection systems 100, 200, or 300, such as one or more of the undergarment 105, the pocket 130, the pump conduit 125, the collection conduit 115 the collection bag 110, the pump 120, one or more sensors, and one or more of the one-way valves. In some embodiments of the wearable fluid collection system 400, one or more of the pocket 130, the pump conduit 125, the collection conduit 115, the collection bag 110, or the pump 120 are absent.

[0055] As shown in FIG. 4A, the undergarment include a portion 405 of the undergarment 105 that will be positioned between the urethra of the individual wearing the undergarment 105 and the fluid collection device 450. The portion 405 of the undergarment 105 positioned between the urethra of the individual and the fluid collection device 450 may include a hydrophobic layer of material having at least one of a hole or a plurality perforations extending therethrough. The at least one of the holes of the perforations are sized such that urine or other bodily fluid discharged from the body pass through the hydrophobic layer of material to the fluid collection device 450. The portion 405 of the undergarment 105 positioned between the fluid collection device 450 and the urethra of the individual also may include a one-way membrane configured to allow fluid or air to pass from the individual through the one-way membrane to the fluid collection device 450, but prevent fluid or air from passing through the one-way membrane from the fluid collection device 450 to the individual. Although not visible in FIGS. 1-3, the wearable fluid collection systems 100, 160, 200, 260, or 300 may include the portion 405 of the undergarment that will be positioned between the urethra of the individual wearing the undergarment 105 and the fluid collection device 150 or 350.

[0056] The undergarment 105 also may include one or more fastening elements 410. The one or more fastening elements 410 are configured to detachably secure the fluid collection device 450 to the undergarment 105. Accordingly, turning to FIG. 4B, the fluid collection device 450 also may include one or more fastening elements 455 configured to detachably secure or fasten to the one or more fastening elements 410 on the undergarment 105. The one or more fastening elements 410 of the undergarment 105 and the one or more fastening elements 455 of the fluid collection device 450 may include at least one of hook and loop fasteners such as VELCRO®, snap fit buttons, a slidable zipper, or an adhesive such as acrylates, silicones, hydrogels, hydrocolloids, polyurethanes, or other suitable adhesives.

[0057] The fluid collection device 450 may include a disposable fluid collection cartridge having the one or more fastening elements 455 and an absorbent material 460 positioned in the fluid collection device 450 to at least partially interface or be proximate to the portion 405 of the undergarment having a hydrophobic layer of material having at least one of a hole or a plurality perforations extending therethrough. The absorbent material 460 may include any of the absorbent materials described above in relation to the fluid collection device 350 or any of the wicking materials described above in relation to the fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150. In embodiments of the wearable fluid collection system 400 including the pump 120 and the pump conduit 125, the pump conduit 125 may extend through an outer wall of the fluid collection device 450 and into or proximate to the absorbent material 460.

[0058] FIGS. 4C-4E show cross-sectional views of additional embodiments of fluid collection devices that may be used with the wearable fluid collection systems 100, 160, 200, 260, 300, or 400. For example, FIG. 4C shows a cross-sectional view of a fluid collection device 470 having a fluid impermeable outer layer 472 defining a chamber and an opening 478. Positioned within the chamber defined by the fluid impermeable outer layer 472 is a reservoir 474 and an absorbent layer 476. The reservoir 474 is positioned between the absorbent layer 476 and a bottom layer of the fluid impermeable outer layer 472, and may be empty and void of other materials. The fluid impermeable outer layer 472 also may include a port to receive the pump conduit 125, thereby providing fluid communication between the reservoir 474 and the pump 120.

[0059] The absorbent layer 476 is positioned at least partially between the reservoir 474 and the opening 478. In some embodiments, the absorbent layer 476 may extend beyond the opening 478 outside of the fluid impermeable outer layer 472. The absorbent layer 476 may include any of the absorbent materials described above in relation to the fluid collection device 350 or any of the wicking materials described above in relation to the fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150. The fluid collection device 470 also may include a hydrophobic or water repellent or surface and a drain on a surface of the absorbent layer 476 opposite to the reservoir 474. The water repellent surface and the drain of the fluid collection device 470 may include any of the water repellent surfaces and drains described above in relation to the fluid collection device 350.

[0060] FIG. 4D shows a cross-sectional view of a fluid collection device 480 having a fluid impermeable outer layer 482 defining a chamber and an opening 488. Positioned within the chamber defined by the fluid impermeable outer layer 482 is a super absorbent polymer 484 and an absorbent layer 486. The super absorbent polymer 484 is positioned between the absorbent layer 486 and a bottom layer of the fluid impermeable outer layer 480. The super absorbent polymer may include at least one of sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, cross-linked polyethylene oxide, any combinations thereof, or other super absorbent polymers. As the fluid collection device 480 includes both an absorbent layer 486 and a super absorbent polymer 484, the fluid collection device 480 may be used without a pump conduit 484 to drain the fluid collection device 480. Instead, the fluid collection device 480 may be removed and replaced as desired.

[0061] The absorbent layer 486 is positioned at least partially between the super absorbent polymer 484 and the opening 488. In some embodiments, the absorbent layer 486 may extend beyond the opening 488 outside of the fluid impermeable outer layer 482. The absorbent layer 486 may include any of the absorbent materials described above in relation to the fluid collection device 350 or any of the wicking materials described above in relation to the fluid permeable body of the fluid collection device 150. The fluid collection device 480 also may include a hydrophobic or water repellent or surface and a drain on a surface of the absorbent layer 486 opposite to the super absorbent polymer 484. The water repellent surface and the drain of the fluid collection device 480 may include any of the water repellent surfaces and drains described above in relation to the fluid collection device 350.

[0062] FIG. 4E shows a cross-sectional view of a fluid collection device 490 having a fluid impermeable outer layer 492 defining a chamber and an opening 498. Positioned within the chamber defined by the fluid impermeable outer layer 492 is a reservoir 494 that is empty and void of other materials. The fluid impermeable outer layer 492 also may include a port to receive the pump conduit 125, thereby providing fluid communication between the reservoir 492 and the pump 120. The fluid collection device 490 also may include a hydrophobic or water repellent or surface and a drain across the opening 498. The water repellent surface and the drain of the fluid collection device 490 may include any of the water repellent surfaces and drains described above in relation to the fluid collection device 350.

[0063] FIG. 5 is a schematic of a controller 500 that may be used with any of the systems and methods described herein, according to an embodiment. For example, the any of the fluid collection systems 100, 160, 200, 260, or 300 may include a sensor and/or a pump having a controller 500. The controller 500 may be configured to implement any of the example acts or steps disclosed herein, such as wired or wirelessly communicating with the sensor, the pump, or other electronic devices such as smartphones.

[0064] The controller 500 includes at least one computing device 510, according to an embodiment. The at least one computing device 510 is an exemplary computing device that may be configured to perform one or more of the acts described herein. The computing device 510 can comprise at least one processor 520, memory 530, a storage device 540, an input/output (“I/O”) device/interface 550, and a communication interface 560. While an example computing device 510 is shown in FIG. 5, the components illustrated in FIG. 5 are not intended to be limiting of the controller 500 or computing device 510. Additional or alternative components may be used in some examples. Further, in some examples, the controller 500 or the computing device 510 can include fewer components than those shown in FIG. 5. For example, the controller 500 may not include the one or more additional computing devices 512. In some examples, the at least one computing device 510 may include a plurality of computing devices. Components of computing device 510 shown in FIG. 5 are described in additional detail below.

[0065] In some examples, the processor(s) 520 includes hardware for executing instructions (e.g., instructions for carrying out one or more portions of any of the methods disclosed herein), such as those making up a computer program. For example, to execute instructions, the processor(s) 520 may retrieve (or fetch) the instructions from an internal register, an internal cache, the memory 530, or a storage device 540 and decode and execute them. In particular examples, processor(s) 520 may include one or more internal caches for data such as tables pertaining to volumetric tables. As an example, the processor(s) 520 may include one or more instruction caches, one or more data caches, and one or more translation lookaside buffers (TLBs). Instructions in the instruction caches may be copies of instructions in memory 530 or storage device 540. In some examples, the processor 520 may be configured (e.g., include programming stored thereon or executed thereby) to carry out one or more portions of any of the example methods disclosed herein.

[0066] In some examples, the processor 520 is configured to perform any of the acts disclosed herein or cause one or more portions of the computing device 510 or controller 500 to perform at least one of the acts disclosed herein. Such configuration can include one or more operational programs (e.g., computer program products) that are executable by the at least one processor 520. For example, the processor 520 may be configured to coordinate activation of the pump responsive to a signal from the sensor indicating that a predetermined amount of fluid is in the fluid collection device or a signal from an electronic device of the user. The processor 520 may be configured to coordinate an alert to an electronic device of the user that emptying of the collection bag or container is suggested or recommended.

[0067] The at least one computing device 510 (e.g., a server) may include at least one memory storage medium (e.g., memory 530 and/or storage device 540). The computing device 510 may include memory 530, which is operably coupled to the processor(s) 520. The memory 530 may be used for storing data, metadata, and programs for execution by the processor(s) 520. The memory 530 may include one or more of volatile and non-volatile memories, such as Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), a solid state disk (SSD), Flash, Phase Change Memory (PCM), or other types of data storage. The memory 530 may be internal or distributed memory.

[0068] The computing device 510 may include the storage device 540 having storage for storing data or instructions. The storage device 540 may be operably coupled to the at least one processor 520. In some examples, the storage device 540 can comprise a non- transitory memory storage medium, such as any of those described above. The storage device 540 (e.g., non-transitory storage medium) may include a hard disk drive (HDD), a floppy disk drive, flash memory, an optical disc, a magneto-optical disc, magnetic tape, or a Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive or a combination of two or more of these. Storage device 540 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Storage device 540 may be internal or external to the computing device 510. In some examples, storage device 540 may include non-volatile, solid-state memory. In some examples, storage device 540 may include read-only memory (ROM). Where appropriate, this ROM may be mask programmed ROM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), electrically alterable ROM (EAROM), or flash memory or a combination of two or more of these. In some examples, one or more portions of the memory 530 and/or storage device 540 (e.g., memory storage medium(s)) may store one or more databases thereon.

[0069] In some examples, usage history of the fluid collection systems may be stored in a memory storage medium such as one or more of the at least one processor 520 (e.g., internal cache of the processor), memory 530, or the storage device 540. In some examples, the at least one processor 520 may be configured to access (e.g., via bus 570) the memory storage medium(s) such as one or more of the memory 530 or the storage device 540. For example, the at least one processor 520 may receive and store the data (e.g., look-up tables) as a plurality of data points in the memory storage medium(s). For example, the at least one processor 520 may access one or more look-up tables in the memory storage medium(s) such as memory 530 or storage device 540.

[0070] The computing device 510 also includes one or more I/O devices/interfaces 550, which are provided to allow a user to provide input to, receive output from, and otherwise transfer data to and from the computing device 510. These I/O devices/interfaces 550 may include a mouse, keypad or a keyboard, a touch screen, camera, optical scanner, network interface, web-based access, modem, a port, other known I/O devices or a combination of such I/O devices/interfaces 550. The touch screen may be activated with a stylus or a finger.

[0071] The I/O devices/interfaces 550 may include one or more devices for presenting output to a user, including, but not limited to, a graphics engine, a display (e.g., a display screen or monitor), one or more output drivers (e.g., display drivers), one or more audio speakers, and one or more audio drivers. In certain examples, I/O devices/interfaces 550 are configured to provide graphical data to a display for presentation to a user. The graphical data may be representative of one or more graphical user interfaces and/or any other graphical content as may serve a particular implementation.

[0072] The computing device 510 can further include a communication interface 560. The communication interface 560 can include hardware, software, or both. The communication interface 560 can provide one or more interfaces for communication (such as, for example, packet-based communication) between the computing device 510 and one or more additional computing devices 512 or one or more networks. For example, communication interface 560 may include a network interface controller (NIC) or network adapter for communicating with an Ethernet or other wire-based network or a wireless NIC (WNIC) or wireless adapter for communicating with a wireless network, such as a WI-FI. The one or more additional computer devices 512 may include a smart phone of the user, a smart phone of the caregiver, an electronic device on the wheelchair, and/or a computer device of a healthcare system.

[0073] Any suitable network and any suitable communication interface 560 may be used. For example, computing device 510 may communicate with an ad hoc network, a personal area network (PAN), a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), or one or more portions of the Internet or a combination of two or more of these. One or more portions of one or more of these networks may be wired or wireless. As an example, one or more portions of controller 500 or computing device 510 may communicate with a wireless PAN (WPAN) (such as, for example, a BLUETOOTH WPAN), a WI-FI network, a WI-MAX network, a cellular telephone network (such as, for example, a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) network), or other suitable wireless network or a combination thereof. The computing device 510 may include any suitable communication interface 560 for any of these networks, where appropriate.

[0074] The computing device 510 may include a bus 570. The bus 570 can include hardware, software, or both that couples components of computing device 510 to each other. For example, bus 570 may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a front-side bus (FSB), a HYPERTRANSPORT (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an INFINIBAND interconnect, a low-pin-count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCIe) bus, a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association local (VLB) bus, or another suitable bus or a combination thereof.

[0075] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a fluid collection system 10, according to an embodiment. The fluid collection system 10 may be included in embodiments of wearable fluid collection systems described herein. The system 10 includes a fluid (e.g., urine) collection device 12 (e.g., any of the fluid collection devices disclosed herein), a urine collection container 14 (e.g., any of the fluid collection container or fluid collection bags described herein), and a pump 16 (or vacuum source). The fluid collection device 10, the urine collection container 14, and the pump 16 may be fluidly coupled to each other via one or more conduits 17. For example, fluid collection device 10 may be operably coupled to one or more of the urine collection container 14 or the pump 16 via the conduit 17. In some embodiments, the pump 16 may be secured directly to the urine collection container 14. Fluid (e.g., urine or other bodily fluids) collected in the fluid collection device 10 may be removed from the fluid collection device 10 via the conduit 17 secured to the fluid collection device 12. Suction force may be introduced into the chamber of the fluid collection device 12 via the inlet of the conduit 17 responsive to suction (e.g., vacuum) force applied at the outlet of the conduit 17.

[0076] The suction force may be applied to the outlet of the conduit 17 by the pump 16 either directly or indirectly. The suction force may be applied indirectly via the urine collection container 14. For example, the outlet of the conduit 17 may be disposed within or fluidly coupled to an interior region of the urine collection container 14 and an additional conduit 17 may extend from the urine collection container 14 to the pump 16. Accordingly, the pump 16 may apply suction to the fluid collection device 12 via the urine collection container 14. The suction force may be applied directly via the pump 16. For example, the outlet of the conduit 17 may be disposed within the pump 16. An additional conduit 17 may extend from the pump 16 to a point outside of the fluid collection device 12, such as to the urine collection container 14. In such examples, the pump 16 may be disposed between the fluid collection device 12 and the urine collection container 14. [0077] The urine collection container 14 is sized and shaped to retain a fluid therein. The urine collection container 14 may include a bag (e.g., drainage bag), a bottle or cup (e.g., collection jar), or any other enclosed container for storing bodily fluid(s) such as urine. In some examples, the conduit 17 may extend from the fluid collection device 12 and attach to the urine collection container 14 at a first point therein. An additional conduit 17 may attach to the urine collection container 14 at a second point thereon and may extend and attach to the pump 16. Accordingly, a vacuum (e.g., suction) may be drawn through fluid collection device 12 via the urine collection container 14. Fluid, such as urine, may be drained from the fluid collection device 12 using the pump 16.

[0078] The pump 16 or vacuum source may include one or more of a manual vacuum pump, and electric vacuum pump, a diaphragm pump, a centrifugal pump, a displacement pump, a magnetically driven pump, a peristaltic pump, or any pump configured to produce a vacuum. The pump 16 may provide a vacuum or suction to remove fluid from the fluid collection device 12. In some examples, the pump 16 may be powered by one or more of a power cord (e.g., connected to a power socket), one or more batteries, or even manual power (e.g., a hand operated vacuum pump). In some examples, the pump 16 may be sized and shaped to fit outside of, on, or within the fluid collection device 12. For example, the pump 16 may include one or more miniaturized pumps or one or more micro pumps. The vacuum sources disclosed herein may include one or more of a switch, a button, a plug, a remote, or any other device suitable to activate the pump 16.

[0079] FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of a method 700 for collecting urine, according to an embodiments. The method 700 includes an act 710 of clothing an individual with an undergarment with a fluid collection device covering a urethra of the individual. The method 700 also includes an act 720 of collecting fluid discharged from the user in the fluid collection device. The method also includes an act 730 of pumping the fluid from the fluid collection device through a conduit to a collection bag or a collection container.

[0080] In some embodiments, the act 720 of collecting fluid discharged from the user in the fluid collection device includes collecting fluid discharged from the user in the fluid collection device after the fluid has passed through a hydrophobic layer of material on the undergarment having at least one of a hole or perforations extending therethrough. In some embodiments, the act 720 of collecting fluid discharged from the user in the fluid collection device includes collecting fluid discharged from the user in the fluid collection device after the fluid has passed through an opening positioned on the undergarment that surrounds the urethra of the individual such that the undergarment is absent between the fluid collection device and the urethra.

[0081] In some embodiments, the method 700 includes an act of removably securing a disposable fluid collection cartridge of the fluid collection device to one or more fastening elements on the undergarment. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes an act of detachably securing the collection bag or the collection container to the undergarment. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes an act of positioning the collection bag or the collection container in at least one of a backpack or a waist pack. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes an act of positioning the pump in the at least one of the backpack or the waist pack. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes an act of solidifying the urine collected in the collection bag or the collection container with one or more solidifying agents. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes an act of alerting the individual when a sensor associated with the collection bag or the collection container indicates a predetermined amount of urine is in the collection bag or the collection container. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes an act of manually activating the pump with a smartphone. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes an act of positioning the pump in a pocket on the undergarment.

[0082] The acts of the method 700 described above are for illustrative purposes. For example, the acts of the method 700 can be performed in different orders, split into multiple acts, modified, supplemented, or combined. In an embodiment, one or more of the acts of the method 700 can be omitted from the method 700. Any of the acts of the method 700 can include using any of the wearable urine collection systems disclosed herein.

[0083] As used herein, the term “about” or “substantially” refers to an allowable variance of the term modified by “about” or “substantially” by ±10% or ±5%. Further, the terms “less than,” “or less,” “greater than,” “more than,” or “or more” include, as an endpoint, the value that is modified by the terms “less than,” “or less,” “greater than,” “more than,” or “or more.”

[0084] While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments are contemplated. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. A wearable fluid collection system, comprising: an undergarment configured to be worn by an individual with at least a portion of the undergarment proximate to a urethra of the individual; a fluid collection device secured to the undergarment so that the fluid collection device covers the urethra of the individual when the undergarment is worn; a pump secured to the undergarment; and a first conduit fluidly coupling the pump and the fluid collection device.

2. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 1, wherein a portion of the undergarment is positioned between the fluid collection device and the urethra of the individual.

3. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 2, wherein the portion of the undergarment positioned between the fluid collection device and the urethra of the individual includes a hydrophobic layer of material having at least one of a hole or perforations extending therethrough, the at least one of the hole of the perforations sized such that urine discharged from the urethra passes through the hydrophobic layer of material to the fluid collection device.

4. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 1, wherein the undergarment includes an opening positioned on the undergarment to surround the urethra of the individual such that the undergarment is absent between the fluid collection device and the urethra.

5. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 1-3, wherein: the undergarment includes one or more fastening elements; and the fluid collection device includes a disposable fluid collection cartridge removably secured to the one or more fastening elements of the undergarment.

6. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 5, wherein the disposable fluid collection cartridge includes one or more fastening elements removably secured to the one or more fastening elements of the undergarment.

7. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 6, wherein the one or more fastening elements of the undergarment and the one or more fastening elements of the disposable fluid collection cartridge includes at least one of hook and loop fasteners, snap fit buttons, or a slidable zipper.

8. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 5-7, wherein the disposable fluid collection cartridge includes a fluid impermeable outer layer, an absorbent layer, and a reservoir void of material between the fluid impermeable outer layer and the absorbent layer, the first conduit being in fluid communication with the reservoir and the absorbent layer being positioned against one of the urethra of the individual through the opening in the undergarment or the hydrophobic layer of material.

9. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 5-7, wherein the disposable fluid collection cartridge includes a fluid impermeable outer layer and a reservoir of void material, the first conduit being in fluid communication with the reservoir and reservoir being positioned against one of the urethra of the individual through the opening in the undergarment or the hydrophobic layer of material.

10. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 8 or 9, further comprising a collection bag or a collection container in fluid communication with the pump, wherein the pump is configured to pull urine from the disposable fluid collection cartridge and force the urine into the collection bag or the collection container.

11. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 10, further comprising an additional conduit fluidly coupling the pump and the fluid collection bag or the fluid collection container.

12. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 10, wherein the pump is mounted to the collection bag or the collection container.

13. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 8 or 9, further comprising a collection bag or a collection container and a second conduit in fluid communication with the disposable fluid collection cartridge and the collection bag or the collection container, wherein the pump is configured to force urine from the disposable fluid collection cartridge through the second conduit into the collection bag or the collection container.

14. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 13, wherein the collection bag or the collection container is detachably secured to the undergarment.

15. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 13 , wherein the collection bag or the collection container is positioned in at least one of a backpack or a waist pack.

16. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 15, further comprising an additional pump in the backpack or the waist pack in fluid communication with the second conduit and configured to pull urine through the second conduit into the collection bag or the collection container.

17. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 5-7, wherein the disposable fluid collection cartridge includes a fluid impermeable outer layer, an absorbent layer, and a super absorbent polymer between the absorbent layer and the fluid impermeable outer layer.

18. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 10-17, wherein the collection bag or the collection container includes one or more solidifying agents configured to solidify the urine collected in the collection bag or the collection container.

19. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 10-18, wherein the collection bag or the collection container includes a sensor configured to alert a user when the collection bag or the collection container includes a predetermined amount of urine therein.

20. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 1-19, wherein the pump is configured to operate continuously.

21. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 1-20, wherein the pump is configured to operate at predetermined intervals.

22. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 1-21, wherein the pump is configured to operate responsive to manual activation.

23. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 1-22, wherein the pump is operably coupled to one or more electronic devices and configured to operate responsive to a command from the one or more electronic devices.

24. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 1-23, wherein the fluid collection device includes a sensor operably coupled to the pump and configured to detect urine in the fluid collection device, and the pump is configured to operate responsive to the sensor detecting urine in the fluid collection device.

25. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 1-24, further comprising a pocket on the undergarment, the pump being positioned in the pocket.

26. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 25, wherein the pocket includes a seal or a lock configured to close the pocket.

27. A wearable fluid collection system, comprising: an undergarment configured to be worn by an individual with at least a portion of the undergarment proximate to a urethra of the individual, the undergarment including one or more fastening elements; and a disposable fluid collection cartridge removably secured to the undergarment with the disposable fluid collection cartridge covering the urethra of the individual, at least a portion of the disposable fluid collection cartridge being configured to removably attach to the one or more fastening elements.

28. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 27, wherein a portion of the undergarment is positioned between the disposable fluid collection cartridge and the urethra of the individual.

29. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 28, wherein the portion of the undergarment positioned between the disposable fluid collection cartridge and the urethra of the individual includes a hydrophobic layer of material having at least one of a hole or perforations extending therethrough, the at least one of the hole of the perforations sized such that urine discharged from the urethra passes through the hydrophobic layer of material to the disposable fluid collection cartridge.

30. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 27, wherein the undergarment includes an opening positioned on the undergarment to surround the urethra of the individual such that the undergarment is absent between the disposable fluid collection cartridge and the urethra.

31. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 27-30, wherein the disposable fluid collection cartridge includes one or more fastening elements removably secured to the one or more fastening elements of the undergarment.

32. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 31, wherein the one or more fastening elements of the undergarment and the one or more fastening elements of the disposable fluid collection cartridge includes at least one of hook and loop fasteners, snap fit buttons, or a slidable zipper.

33. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 27-32, further comprising a pump and a first conduit fluidly coupling the pump and the disposable fluid collection cartridge.

34. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 33, wherein the disposable fluid collection cartridge includes a fluid impermeable outer layer, an absorbent layer, and a reservoir void of material between the fluid impermeable outer layer and the absorbent layer, the first conduit being in fluid communication with the reservoir and the absorbent layer being positioned against one of the urethra of the individual through the opening in the undergarment or the hydrophobic layer of material.

35. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 33, wherein the disposable fluid collection cartridge includes a fluid impermeable outer layer and a reservoir of void material, the first conduit being in fluid communication with the reservoir and reservoir being positioned against one of the urethra of the individual through the opening in the undergarment or the hydrophobic layer of material.

36. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 33-35, further comprising a collection bag or a collection container in fluid communication with the pump, wherein the pump is configured to pull urine from the disposable fluid collection cartridge and force the urine into the collection bag or the collection container.

37. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 36, further comprising an additional conduit fluidly coupling the pump and the fluid collection bag or the fluid collection container.

38. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 36, wherein the pump is mounted to the collection bag or the collection container.

39. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 34 or 35, further comprising a collection bag or a collection container and a second conduit in fluid communication with the disposable fluid collection cartridge and the collection bag or the collection container, wherein the pump is configured to force urine from the disposable fluid collection cartridge through the second conduit into the collection bag or the collection container.

40. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 39, wherein the collection bag or the collection container is detachably secured to the undergarment.

41. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 39, wherein the collection bag or the collection container is positioned in at least one of a backpack or a waist pack.

42. The wearable fluid collection system of claim 41, further comprising an additional pump in the backpack or the waist pack in fluid communication with the second conduit and configured to pull urine through the second conduit into the collection bag or the collection container.

43. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 36-42, wherein the collection bag or the collection container includes one or more solidifying agents configured to solidify the urine collected in the collection bag or the collection container.

44. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 36-43, wherein the collection bag or the collection container includes a sensor configured to alert a user when the collection bag or the collection container includes a predetermined amount of urine therein.

45. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 33-44, wherein the pump is configured to operate continuously.

46. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 33-45, wherein the pump is configured to operate at predetermined intervals.

47. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 33-46, wherein the pump is configured to operate responsive to manual activation.

48. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 33-47, wherein the pump is operably coupled to one or more electronic devices and configured to operate responsive to a command from the one or more electronic devices.

49. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 33-48, wherein the disposable fluid collection cartridge includes a sensor operably coupled to the pump and configured to detect urine in the disposable fluid collection cartridge, and the pump is configured to operate responsive to the sensor detecting urine in the disposable fluid collection cartridge.

50. The wearable fluid collection system of any of claims 27-32, wherein the disposable fluid collection cartridge includes a fluid impermeable outer layer, an absorbent layer, and a super absorbent polymer between the absorbent layer and the fluid impermeable outer layer.

51. A method of collecting fluid, the method comprising: clothing an individual with an undergarment with a fluid collection device covering a urethra of the individual; collecting fluid discharged from the user in the fluid collection device; and pumping the fluid from the fluid collection device through a conduit to a collection bag or a collection container.

52. The method of claim 51, wherein collecting fluid discharged from the user in the fluid collection device includes collecting fluid discharged from the user in the fluid collection device after the fluid has passed through a hydrophobic layer of material on the undergarment having at least one of a hole or perforations extending therethrough.

53. The method of claim 51, wherein collecting fluid discharged from the user in the fluid collection device includes collecting fluid discharged from the user in the fluid collection device after the fluid has passed through an opening positioned on the undergarment that surrounds the urethra of the individual such that the undergarment is absent between the fluid collection device and the urethra.

54. The method of any of claims 51-53, further comprising removably securing a disposable fluid collection cartridge of the fluid collection device to one or more fastening elements on the undergarment.

55. The method of any of claims 51-54, further comprising detachably securing the collection bag or the collection container to the undergarment.

56. The method of any of claims 51-55, further comprising positioning the collection bag or the collection container in at least one of a backpack or a waist pack.

57. The method of claim 56, further comprising positioning the pump in the at least one of the backpack or the waist pack.

58. The method of any of claims 51-57, further comprising solidifying the urine collected in the collection bag or the collection container with one or more solidifying agents.

59. The method of any of claims 51-58, further comprising alerting the individual when a sensor associated with the collection bag or the collection container indicates a predetermined amount of urine is in the collection bag or the collection container.

60. The method of any of claims 51-59, further comprising manually activating the pump with a smartphone.

61. The method of claim 51-56 or 58-60, further comprising positioning the pump in a pocket on the undergarment.