WO2021136287A1 - 一种通信的方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种通信的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021136287A1
WO2021136287A1 PCT/CN2020/140975 CN2020140975W WO2021136287A1 WO 2021136287 A1 WO2021136287 A1 WO 2021136287A1 CN 2020140975 W CN2020140975 W CN 2020140975W WO 2021136287 A1 WO2021136287 A1 WO 2021136287A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plane gateway
terminal
control plane
request
control device
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2020/140975
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄泽旭
吴国军
杨樊
张文革
钱涛
徐日东
张书兵
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP20908881.4A priority Critical patent/EP4075745A4/en
Publication of WO2021136287A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021136287A1/zh
Priority to US17/854,521 priority patent/US11979436B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/1016—IP multimedia subsystem [IMS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0894—Policy-based network configuration management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/1046—Call controllers; Call servers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066—Session management
    • H04L65/1069—Session establishment or de-establishment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/14—Session management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/14—Session management
    • H04L67/141—Setup of application sessions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/14—Session management
    • H04L67/146—Markers for unambiguous identification of a particular session, e.g. session cookie or URL-encoding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/40—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using virtualisation of network functions or resources, e.g. SDN or NFV entities

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and device.
  • the terminal After the terminal is powered on, it can initiate an attachment process to the core network device through the access network device, and further establish an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) default bearer, such as an IMS voice bearer.
  • IMS IP multimedia subsystem
  • the core network device selects the control plane gateway, and the control plane gateway sends a request message to the policy control device.
  • the request message is used to request the establishment of a mapping relationship between the terminal’s IP address and the control plane gateway’s identity for subsequent follow-up Find the control plane gateway through the terminal's IP address.
  • the calling/called terminal can initiate a call flow.
  • the calling terminal sends an IMS session request to the called terminal through a user plane gateway, a proxy call session device, etc.
  • the proxy call session device may send the IP address of the terminal to the policy control device.
  • the policy control device can find the corresponding control plane gateway through the IP address of the terminal, so as to realize the establishment of the IMS session.
  • the policy control equipment and control plane gateway described above are all located in the data center. There are generally many terminals attached to a data center. When a data center fails, the terminals attached to the data center need to be reattached to the network of other data centers. At this time, there will be multiple terminals that initiate attachment in batches. Establish the IMS default bearer. In addition to the control plane gateway, other devices in the data center, such as policy control devices, have limited resources reserved for the terminal to establish the IMS default bearer. When multiple terminals establish IMS default bearers in batches, the policy control device is easily overwhelmed, and the mapping relationship between the terminal's IP address and the control plane gateway's identity cannot be established normally, which will also cause the IMS session between the terminals to be unable to normally establish.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device to solve the current problem that the IMS session cannot be established normally between terminals after the establishment of the IMS default bearer fails.
  • a user plane gateway can receive an IMS session request from a first terminal.
  • the first terminal can be a calling terminal or a called terminal.
  • the user plane gateway can determine whether the control plane gateway bypasses the policy control device during the process of establishing the IMS default bearer for the first terminal, that is, whether the policy control device establishes the mapping between the first terminal and the control plane gateway relationship. If the user plane gateway determines that the control plane gateway bypasses the policy control device, it may send first indication information for the first terminal to the control plane gateway, where the first indication information is used for Instruct the control to send a first request to the policy control device, where the first request is used to request the establishment of a mapping relationship between the first terminal and the control plane gateway.
  • the user plane gateway when the user plane gateway determines that the control plane gateway bypasses the policy control device, it instructs the control plane gateway to send a first request to the policy control device for establishing a connection between the first terminal and the control plane gateway. Mapping relations. In this way, the policy control device can establish a mapping relationship between the first terminal and the control plane gateway, so as to realize the normal establishment of an IMS session between the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the user plane gateway may also send the IMS session request to the second terminal after receiving the IMS session request of the first terminal.
  • the second terminal is the called terminal.
  • the user plane gateway may also send an IMS session request to the first terminal.
  • the user plane gateway may determine whether the second instruction sent by the control plane gateway is received Information, the second indication information is used to indicate that the control plane gateway bypasses the policy control device during the process of establishing the IMS default bearer of the first terminal. If the user plane gateway determines that the second indication information sent by the control plane gateway is received, it may be determined that the control plane gateway bypasses the policy control device.
  • the control plane gateway After bypassing the policy control device, the control plane gateway sends the second indication information to the user plane gateway. In this way, the user plane device can determine whether to bypass the policy control device according to whether the second indication information is received.
  • the control plane gateway may send an IMS default request to the second terminal, and it may further omit sending the first indication information to the control plane gateway.
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the control plane gateway can receive first instruction information for the terminal sent by the user plane gateway, where the first instruction information is used to instruct the control plane gateway to send the first instruction information to the policy control device.
  • a request is used to request the establishment of a mapping relationship between the terminal and the control plane gateway. Then, the control plane gateway sends the first request to the policy control device.
  • control plane gateway sends the first request to the policy control device according to the instruction of the user plane gateway, and the policy control device can establish the mapping relationship between the first terminal and the control plane gateway, so that the first terminal and the second terminal The IMS session is established normally between.
  • the control plane gateway may determine whether the policy control device supports the establishment of the IMS default bearer when the terminal establishes the IMS default bearer. If the control plane gateway determines that the policy control device does not support the establishment of an IMS default bearer, it may send second indication information to the user plane gateway, where the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is establishing an IMS default bearer. In the process, the control plane gateway bypasses the policy control device.
  • control plane gateway When the control plane gateway determines that the policy control device does not support the establishment of the IMS default bearer, it may bypass the policy control device, and then send the second indication information to the user plane gateway. In this way, the user plane device can determine whether to bypass the policy control device according to whether the second indication information is received.
  • control plane gateway when the control plane gateway determines whether the policy control device supports the establishment of the IMS default bearer, the control plane gateway may determine whether the policy control device is overloaded or faulty. When the control plane gateway determines that the policy control device is overloaded or faulty, it may be determined that the policy control device does not support the establishment of the IMS default bearer.
  • control plane gateway when the control plane gateway sends the first request to the policy control device, it may be sent by binding the support function device. For example, the control plane gateway sends the first request to the binding support function device. The first request, so that the binding support function device forwards the first request to the policy control device.
  • This example can be applied to a 4G networking architecture, for example.
  • control plane gateway sends a first request to the policy control device.
  • policy control device further A second request may be sent to the binding support function device, where the second request is used to request the establishment of a mapping relationship between the terminal and the policy control device.
  • This example can be applied to a 5G networking architecture, for example.
  • a communication device in a third aspect, is provided, and the communication has the function of realizing the foregoing first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • These functions can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more functional modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • a communication device in a fourth aspect, is provided, and the communication has the function of realizing the foregoing second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • These functions can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more functional modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • a communication device may be the user plane gateway in the foregoing method embodiment, or a chip set in the user plane gateway.
  • the device includes a transceiver, a processor, and optionally, a memory.
  • the memory is used to store computer programs or instructions
  • the processor is respectively coupled with the memory and the transceiver.
  • the processor executes the computer programs or instructions
  • the device executes the first aspect and the first aspect through the transceiver.
  • the method executed by the user plane gateway in any possible implementation.
  • a communication device may be the control plane gateway in the foregoing method embodiment, or a chip set in the control plane gateway.
  • the device includes a transceiver, a processor, and optionally, a memory.
  • the memory is used to store computer programs or instructions
  • the processor is respectively coupled with the memory and the transceiver.
  • the processor executes the computer programs or instructions
  • the device executes the second aspect and the second aspect through the transceiver.
  • the method executed by the control plane gateway in any possible implementation.
  • a computer program product comprising: computer program code, when the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer executes the first aspect and any one of the possible aspects of the first aspect. Implementation of the method executed by the user plane gateway.
  • a computer program product comprising: computer program code, when the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer executes any of the above-mentioned second aspect and any possible aspect of the second aspect Implementation of the method executed by the control plane gateway.
  • the present application provides a chip system that includes a processor and a memory, and the processor and the memory are electrically coupled; the memory is used to store computer program instructions; the processor , Used to execute part or all of the computer program instructions in the memory. When the part or all of the computer program instructions are executed, they are used to implement the user interface in the first aspect and any possible implementation method of the first aspect.
  • the function of the gateway includes
  • the chip system may further include a transceiver, and the transceiver is configured to send a signal processed by the processor or receive a signal input to the processor.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, and can also include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the present application provides a chip system that includes a processor and a memory, and the processor and the memory are electrically coupled; the memory is used to store computer program instructions; the processor , Used to execute part or all of the computer program instructions in the memory, when the part or all of the computer program instructions are executed, used to implement the control plane in the second aspect and any possible implementation method of the second aspect The function of the gateway.
  • the chip system may further include a transceiver, and the transceiver is configured to send a signal processed by the processor or receive a signal input to the processor.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, and can also include chips and other discrete devices.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program.
  • the method executed by the surface gateway is executed.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program.
  • the computer program When the computer program is executed, the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect are controlled by The method executed by the surface gateway is executed.
  • a communication system includes: a user plane gateway that executes the method in any one of the foregoing first aspect and the first aspect, and executes the foregoing second aspect and the second aspect Control plane gateway for any possible implementation of the method.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are schematic diagrams of a communication architecture respectively provided in the embodiments of this application;
  • FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, and FIG. 4 are schematic diagrams of an application scenario respectively provided in an embodiment of the application;
  • 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of a communication process respectively provided in the embodiments of this application.
  • Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, and Fig. 9 are structural diagrams of a communication device respectively provided in the embodiments of this application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device.
  • the method and device are based on the same technical concept. Since the principles of the method and device to solve the problem are similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and the repetition will not be omitted. Go into details.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • 5th generation fifth generation
  • 5G new radio access technology
  • NR new radio access technology
  • FIG. 1 a schematic diagram of a possible communication system architecture applicable to this application, including: terminal equipment, eNB (evolved Node B), mobility management entity (mobility management entity, MME) equipment, services Gateway (serving gateway, SGW) equipment, packet data network gateway (packer data network gateway) PGW equipment, policy and charging rules function (PCRF) equipment, HSS equipment, SGSN equipment and MSC equipment.
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • mobility management entity mobility management entity
  • MME mobility management entity
  • SGW services Gateway
  • PGW packet data network gateway
  • PCRF policy and charging rules function
  • HSS equipment SGSN equipment
  • MSC equipment policy and charging rules function
  • SGW and PGW logical device functions, control plane functions and user plane functions can be separated, and the above devices can be split into SGW-C, SGW-U, PGW-C and PGW-U.
  • the equipment can also be called a network element.
  • the S1-C interface is the signaling interface between eNodeB and MME; the S1-U interface is the user interface between eNodeB and SGW; and the S11 interface is MME and SGW.
  • S6a interface is the signaling interface between MME and HSS; Gx interface is the signaling interface between P-GW and PCRF; Rx interface is proxy-call session control function (P-CSCF) Signaling interface between the device and PCRF.
  • P-CSCF proxy-call session control function
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another possible communication system architecture applicable to this application, including: terminal equipment, (wireless) access network equipment (radio access network, (R)AN), UPF equipment, DN equipment, AUSF equipment, AMF Equipment, SMF equipment, NEF equipment, NRF equipment, PCF equipment, UDM equipment.
  • the device can also be called a network element.
  • Nausf is the service-based interface presented by AUSF
  • Namf is the service-based interface presented by AMF
  • Nsmf is the service-based interface presented by SMF
  • Nnef is the service-based interface presented by NEF.
  • Nnrf is the service-based interface displayed by NRF
  • Npcf is the service-based interface displayed by PCF
  • Nudm is the service-based interface displayed by UDM.
  • N1 is the reference point between UE and AMF1
  • N2 is the reference point between (R)AN and AMF, used for sending non-access stratum messages, etc.
  • N3 is the reference point between (R)AN and UPF, used for Transmit user plane data, etc.
  • N4 is the reference point between SMF and UPF, used to transmit information such as N3 connection tunnel identification information, data buffer indication information, and downlink data notification messages
  • N6 interface is between UPF and DN The reference point is used to transmit user plane data, etc.
  • the terminal and (R)AN (mainly refers to the base station) are connected through the Uu port.
  • the control plane data and user plane data can be transmitted between the terminal and the base station.
  • the control plane data is interacted through the RRC protocol, and the user plane data can be through the packet data aggregation protocol. (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) interaction.
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • the PGW-C, PGW-U, PCRF, and MME equipment in the 4G communication system shown in FIG. 1 can be mapped to the 5G communication system shown in FIG. 2.
  • PGW-C equipment is mapped to SMF
  • PGW-U equipment is mapped to UPF
  • PCRF is mapped to PCF
  • MME is mapped to AMF.
  • UPF User plane function
  • QoS quality of service
  • DN equipment a network used to provide data transmission.
  • Authentication server function authentication server function, AUSF
  • AUSF authentication server function
  • Session Management Function (SMF) equipment Mainly used for session management, terminal equipment’s Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation and management, selection of manageable user plane functions, policy control and charging function interfaces End point and downlink data notification, etc.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • Network exposure function (NEF) equipment used to safely open services and capabilities provided by 3GPP network function equipment to the outside.
  • PCF Policy control function
  • AMF Access Management Function
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • Application function (AF) device a device used to manage a terminal, and store the attribute information of the managed terminal, such as the location information and type of the terminal.
  • Unified data management (UDM) equipment used to process user identification, access authentication, registration, and mobility management.
  • Network repository function (NRF) equipment used to store information about the network functions deployed in the core network, and provide discovery of network functions and services.
  • a data center can be deployed with multiple devices, such as control plane gateways and policy control devices.
  • devices such as control plane gateways and policy control devices.
  • mobile management equipment such as mobile management equipment, bind supporting functional equipment, and so on.
  • the communication system may also include a user plane gateway, an access network device, and a proxy call device.
  • the proxy call device may or may not be deployed in the data center.
  • the control plane gateway may include the control plane public data network gateway PGW-C, and optionally, it may also include the control plane serving gateway SGW-C; the policy control device may be PCRF equipment; mobility management equipment can be MME equipment; creation binding support function equipment can be routing agent (diameter routing agent, DRA) equipment; user plane gateways can include: user plane service gateway SGW-U, user plane public data network gateway PGW-U.
  • control plane gateway can be an SMF device
  • policy control device can be a PCF device
  • mobility management device can be an AMF device
  • binding support function device can be (binding support function, BSF) device
  • user plane gateway can be a UPF device.
  • the proxy call device may be a session border controller (SBC) device or one of its functional modules, or a proxy call session control function (P-CSCF) device.
  • SBC session border controller
  • P-CSCF proxy call session control function
  • the terminal After the terminal is powered on, it can initiate an attachment process to the core network device through the access network device.
  • the attachment can also be referred to as establishing a default bearer for data.
  • the terminal initiates an EPC (evolved packet core, 4G core network) attachment process to the MME device.
  • EPC evolved packet core, 4G core network
  • the terminal initiates a registration process and a PDU session creation process to the AMF device.
  • the terminal can further establish an IMS default bearer, such as an IMS voice bearer.
  • IMS IP multimedia subsystem
  • the core network device can select a control plane gateway for the terminal to establish the IMS default bearer.
  • the MME device selects a PGW-C for the terminal to establish the IMS default bearer.
  • the AMF device selects an SMF device for the terminal to establish the IMS default bearer.
  • the process of establishing the IMS default bearer for the terminal can refer to the following steps 1 to 2:
  • Step 1 The terminal initiates a session establishment process to the control plane gateway through the access network equipment and the core network equipment.
  • the terminal initiates a session establishment process to the MME device through the access network device.
  • the MME device sends a Create Session Request (Create Session Request) to the control plane public data network gateway PGW-C through the control plane service gateway SGW-C.
  • Create Session Request Create Session Request
  • the terminal initiates a session establishment process to the AMF device through the access network device.
  • the AMF device sends a session creation request message to the SMF.
  • SMF Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext Request message For example, SMF Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext Request message.
  • Step 2 After receiving the session establishment request initiated by the terminal, the control plane gateway sends a first request to the policy control device, where the first request is used to request the establishment of a mapping relationship between the terminal and the control plane gateway. For example, the policy control device is requested to save the mapping relationship between the IP address of the terminal and the identifier of the control plane gateway.
  • the PGW-C can initiate an IP-CAN session establishment process after receiving the session creation request.
  • the PGW-C sends a credit control request (credit control request, CCR) to the PCRF device, which carries the IP address of the terminal.
  • the PGW-C sends a credit control request (credit control request, CCR) to the PCRF device through the DRA device, which carries the IP address of the terminal.
  • the PCRF device can save the mapping relationship between the terminal's IP address and the PGW-C's identifier, so that the PGW-C can be subsequently searched for by the terminal's IP address.
  • the DRA device can save the mapping relationship between the terminal's IP address and the identity of the PCRF device, so that the PCRF can be subsequently searched for through the terminal's IP address.
  • the SMF device may initiate a session establishment process after receiving the session creation request.
  • the SMF device sends a Session Management Policy Establishment (Session Management Policy Establishment) message to the PCF device, which carries the IP address of the terminal.
  • the PCF device can store the mapping relationship between the IP address of the terminal and the identifier of the SMF device.
  • the PCF device selects a BSF device, and the PCF calls the Nbsf_Management_Register service operation of the BSF, and sends a POST request message to the BSF, which carries the IP address of the terminal, then the BSF device can save the IP address of the terminal and the PCF device The mapping relationship of the identity.
  • the PCF device selects the BSF device, it can be selected based on the IP address of the terminal and the IP segment supported by the BSF, and the specific selection process will not be repeated.
  • the terminal can initiate an IMS call flow. Take the calling terminal to initiate an IMS call to the called terminal as an example for description. For the specific process, please refer to the following steps 3 to 6:
  • Step 3 The calling terminal can send an IMS session request to the user plane gateway through the access network device.
  • the calling terminal can send the Session Initialization Protocol to the user plane public data network gateway PGW-U through the access network device and the user plane service gateway SGW-U in turn. SIP) invite invite request.
  • the calling terminal can send an SIP invite request to the UPF device through the access network device.
  • Step 4 The user plane gateway may notify the called terminal of the IMS session request through the proxy calling device.
  • the PGW-U can notify the called terminal of the SIP invite request through the P-CSCF device.
  • the UPF device can notify the called terminal of the SIP invite request through the P-CSCF device.
  • Step 5 After receiving the response from the called terminal, the proxy calling device sends a request message carrying the IP address of the calling terminal to the policy control device to request the establishment of an IMS session between the calling terminal and the called terminal.
  • the AAR includes the IP address of the terminal. Furthermore, the policy control device can find the corresponding control plane gateway through the IP address of the terminal to establish an IMS session.
  • the P-CSCF device can directly send an authentication authorization request (authentication request) to the PCRF device.
  • authorization request, AAR which includes the IP address of the calling terminal.
  • the PCRF device can find the corresponding PGW-C through the IP address of the calling terminal.
  • the P-CSCF device can send an authentication authorization request AAR to the DRA device.
  • the DRA device can find the corresponding PCRF device through the IP address of the terminal.
  • the PCRF device can find the corresponding PGW-C through the IP address of the calling terminal.
  • the P-CSCF device can directly send the authentication authorization request AAR to the PCF device.
  • the PCF device can find the corresponding SMF device through the IP address of the calling terminal.
  • the P-CSCF device can send an AAR to the BSF device, and the AAR includes the IP address of the terminal.
  • the BSF device can find the corresponding PCF device through the IP address of the calling terminal.
  • the PCF device can find the corresponding SMF device through the IP address of the calling terminal.
  • the called terminal can pass through the access network device, proxy calling device, and user plane gateway accessed by the called terminal in turn, and the access network device accessed by the calling terminal to the calling terminal. The detailed process will not be repeated.
  • the access network equipment cannot obtain the heartbeat response of the core network equipment (for example, MME-1). At this time, the access network device can notify the terminal attached to the data center DC1 to re-initiate the attachment process. As shown in Figure 4, the access network device can select a new data center DC2 for attachment.
  • the PCRF, DRA, SGW-C, and PGW-C in the data center DC1 and the data center DC2 in FIG. 4 are disaster-tolerant backup relationships. Taking PCRF as an example, the data stored in PCRF-1 and PCRF-2 are the same. When PCRF-1 fails, PCRF-2 can carry all services on the failed PCRF-1. The same goes for DRA, SGW-C, and PGW-C.
  • PGW-C-2 can use the bypass function. That is, after PGW-C-2 finds that a certain device is overloaded, it no longer sends a request to it. Handle other processes first and reply to the terminal that the attachment is successful. After a period of time, send a request to the bypassed device to refresh the status.
  • the terminal's IP address may change, but the DRA-2 device in the data center DC2 and the routing data stored in PCRF-2 are all old data, that is, the old IP address is stored.
  • the AAR sent by the SBC device to the DRA-2 device carries the new IP address.
  • DRA-2 After DRA-2 receives the new IP address, because DRA-2 stores the old IP address, DRA-2 cannot find the PCRF device based on the new IP address, and the call service fails. Even if the terminal's IP address has not changed, the AAR carries the old IP address, and the DRA-2 device matches the address of PCRF-1 in the failed data center DC1, and the service fails. If DRA-2 finds the PCRF-2 device, the PCRF-2 device will map to the PGW-C-1 in the failed data center DC1 based on the stored old IP address, and the service will fail.
  • this application provides a communication method, as shown in Figure 5A (as shown in Figure 3A, Figure 3B, and Figure 4, the repetition will not be described again).
  • the control plane gateway can transfer Whether to inform the user plane gateway of the information about bypassing the policy control device.
  • a terminal which may be a calling terminal or a called terminal
  • it can recognize whether the policy control device is bypassed for the terminal.
  • the user plane gateway can send a request message to the control plane gateway to request the policy control device to re-establish the mapping relationship between the terminal's IP address and the control plane gateway.
  • Access network equipment which has equipment capable of providing random access for terminals or a chip that can be installed in the equipment, including but not limited to: evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB), base transceiver station (base transmitter station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WIFI) system access point ( access point, AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission and reception point, TRP or transmission point, TP), etc., can also be 5G, such as NR, gNB in the system, or transmission Point (TRP or TP), one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of the base station in the 5G system, or, it can also be a network node that constitutes a gNB or transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU), or, Distributed unit (DU, distributed unit), etc.
  • evolved Node B evolved No
  • Terminal also known as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), etc.
  • terminal devices include handheld devices with wireless connection functions, vehicle-mounted devices, and so on.
  • terminal devices can be: mobile phones (mobile phones), tablets, notebook computers, handheld computers, mobile Internet devices (MID), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality ( Augmented reality (AR) equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, and smart grids
  • Bypass a road, branch or branch road branching off from the main line. Bypass is different from the main circuit, which means that it can be switched to another circuit when it is required by function without affecting the normal operation of the load.
  • the "and/or” in this application describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A alone exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. This situation.
  • the character "/” generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or” relationship.
  • the multiple involved in this application refers to two or more.
  • the word "exemplary” is used to mean serving as an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiments or implementations described as “examples” in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or implementations. Rather, the term example is used to present the concept in a concrete way.
  • Step 501 The user plane gateway receives the IMS session request of the first terminal.
  • the first terminal may be a called terminal or a calling terminal.
  • Step 502 The user plane gateway determines whether the control plane gateway bypasses the policy control device during the process of establishing the IMS default bearer of the first terminal, if yes, go to step 503, if not, go to step 506 .
  • the control plane gateway may determine whether the policy control device supports the establishment of the IM default bearer when the terminal establishes the IMS default bearer, and if it does not support the establishment of the IMS default bearer, then send second indication information to the user plane gateway, The second indication information is used to indicate that the control plane gateway bypasses the policy control device during the process of establishing the IMS default bearer of the terminal.
  • control plane gateway may determine whether the policy control device is overloaded or faulty. When the control plane gateway determines that the policy control device is overloaded or faulty, it may be determined that the policy control device does not support the establishment of the IMS default bearer.
  • the user plane gateway may determine whether the second indication information sent by the control plane gateway is received.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate that the control plane gateway bypasses the policy control device during the process of establishing the IMS default bearer of the first terminal. If the user plane gateway determines that the second indication information sent by the control plane gateway is received, it may be determined that the control plane gateway bypasses the policy control device.
  • Step 503 The user plane gateway sends first instruction information for the first terminal to the control plane gateway, and correspondingly, the control plane gateway receives the first instruction information for the terminal sent by the user plane gateway.
  • the first indication information is used to instruct the control plane gateway to send a first request to the policy control device, and the first request is used to request the establishment of a mapping relationship between the first terminal and the control plane gateway.
  • the first request may be used to implement binding functions, such as session binding, PCC rule authorization, and QoS Flow binding, where session binding is to establish a mapping relationship between the first terminal and the control plane gateway.
  • binding functions such as session binding, PCC rule authorization, and QoS Flow binding
  • Step 504 The control plane gateway sends the first request to the policy control device.
  • control plane gateway when the control plane gateway sends the first request to the policy control device, it may be sent by binding the supporting function device. Specifically, the control plane gateway sends the first request to the binding support function device, and the first request includes identification information of the terminal, for example, the IP address of the terminal. The destination address of the first request is the address of the policy control device. The binding support function device forwards the first request to the policy control device. After receiving the first request, the policy control device may record the mapping relationship between the identification information of the terminal and the identification information of the control plane gateway.
  • the policy control device may reply to the control plane gateway with a response message of the first request through the binding support function device, and after receiving the response message, the binding support function device may record the session binding Information, that is, the mapping relationship between the identification of the policy control device and the identification of the terminal is recorded.
  • This example can be applied to 4G networking.
  • control plane gateway sends a first request to the policy control device.
  • the policy control device may also Send a second request to the binding support function device, where the second request is used to request the establishment of a mapping relationship between the terminal and the policy control device.
  • This example can be applied to 5G networking.
  • Step 505 If the first terminal is the calling terminal and the second terminal is the called terminal, the user plane gateway sends an IMS session request to the second terminal.
  • step 503 and step 505 is not limited.
  • Step 506 If the control plane gateway does not bypass the policy control device, the user plane gateway sends an IMS session request to the second terminal.
  • the user plane gateway sends an IMS session request to the first terminal.
  • the user plane gateway when the user plane gateway determines that the control plane gateway bypasses the policy control device, it instructs the control plane gateway to send a first request to the policy control device for establishing a connection between the first terminal and the control plane gateway. Mapping relations. In this way, the policy control device can establish a mapping relationship between the first terminal and the control plane gateway, so as to realize the normal establishment of an IMS session between the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • a communication device 600 is provided.
  • the device 600 can execute the steps performed by the user plane gateway in the above-mentioned method in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, in order to avoid Redundant, not detailed here.
  • the device 600 may be a user plane gateway or a chip applied in a user plane gateway.
  • the apparatus 600 may include: a transceiver module 620, a processing module 610, and optionally, a storage module 630; the processing module 610 may be connected to the storage module 630 and the transceiver module 620 respectively, and the storage module 630 may also be connected to the transceiver module 620 .
  • the transceiver module 620 can be used to send and receive data or respond.
  • the storage module 630 can be used for received data.
  • the transceiver module 620 may be used to receive an IMS session request of the first terminal;
  • the processing module 610 may be used to determine that the control plane gateway bypasses the policy control device in the process of establishing the IMS default bearer of the first terminal;
  • the transceiver module 620 is further configured to send first instruction information for the first terminal to the control plane gateway, where the first instruction information is used to instruct the control plane gateway to send the first terminal to the policy control device.
  • a request. The first request is used to request the establishment of a mapping relationship between the first terminal and the control plane gateway.
  • the transceiver module 620 is further configured to send an IMS session request to the second terminal;
  • the first terminal is the calling terminal
  • the second terminal is the called terminal
  • the transceiver module 620 is further configured to send an IMS session request to the first terminal; wherein the first terminal is a called terminal.
  • the transceiving module 620 when used to determine that the first terminal is establishing an IMS default bearer, when the control plane gateway bypasses the policy control device, it is specifically used to:
  • the second indication information sent by the control plane gateway is received, where the second indication information is used to instruct the first terminal to bypass the policy control device during the process of establishing the IMS default bearer.
  • a communication device 700 is provided.
  • the device 700 can perform each step performed by the control plane gateway in the above method in FIGS. 5A and 5B, in order to avoid Redundant, not detailed here.
  • the device 700 may be a control plane gateway or a chip applied in the control plane gateway.
  • the apparatus 700 may include: a transceiver module 720, a processing module 710, and optionally, a storage module 730; the processing module 710 may be connected to the storage module 730 and the transceiver module 720 respectively, and the storage module 730 may also be connected to the transceiver module 720 .
  • the transceiver module 720 can be used to send and receive data or respond.
  • the storage module 730 can be used for received data.
  • the transceiver module 720 is configured to receive first indication information for the terminal sent by the user plane gateway, and the first indication information is used to instruct the control plane gateway to send a first request to the policy control device
  • the first request is used to request the establishment of a mapping relationship between the terminal and the control plane gateway; and send the first request to the policy control device.
  • the processing module 710 is configured to determine that the policy control device does not support the establishment of the IMS default bearer when the terminal establishes the IMS default bearer, and send second indication information to the user plane gateway through the transceiver module, so The second indication information is used to indicate that the control plane gateway bypasses the policy control device during the process of establishing the IMS default bearer of the terminal.
  • processing module 710 when used to determine that the policy control device does not support the establishment of the IMS default bearer, it is specifically configured to: determine that the policy control device is overloaded or faulty.
  • the transceiving module 720 when configured to send the first request to the policy control device, it is specifically configured to send the first request to the policy control device by binding the supporting function device.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 800 according to an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the apparatus 800 can execute the steps performed by the user plane gateway in the above-mentioned methods of FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B. In order to avoid redundancy, details are not described herein again.
  • the device 800 includes a processor 810 and a transceiver 820, and optionally, a memory 830. The processor 810 and the memory 830 are electrically coupled.
  • the memory 830 is configured to store a computer program; the processor 810 may be configured to call a computer program or instruction stored in the memory to execute the above-mentioned communication method through the transceiver 820.
  • the processing module 610 in FIG. 6 may be implemented by the processor 810, the transceiver module 620 may be implemented by the transceiver 820, and the storage module 630 may be implemented by the memory 830.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 900 according to an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the device 900 can execute each step executed by the control plane gateway in the above-mentioned methods of FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B. In order to avoid redundancy, the detailed description is omitted here.
  • the device 900 includes a processor 910 and a transceiver 920, and optionally, a memory 930.
  • the processor 910 and the memory 930 are electrically coupled.
  • the memory 930 is configured to store a computer program; the processor 910 may be configured to call a computer program or instruction stored in the memory to perform the above-mentioned communication method through the transceiver 920.
  • the processing module 710 in FIG. 7 may be implemented by the processor 910, the transceiver module 720 may be implemented by the transceiver 920, and the storage module 730 may be implemented by the memory 930.
  • the aforementioned processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP.
  • the processor may further include a hardware chip or other general-purpose processors.
  • the above-mentioned hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD) or a combination thereof.
  • the above-mentioned PLD can be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (generic array logic, GAL) and other programmable logic devices , Discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. or any combination thereof.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), and electrically available Erase programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • DDR SDRAM Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • Synchronous Link Dynamic Random Access Memory Synchronous Link Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • DR RAM Direct Rambus RAM
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer storage medium that stores a computer program.
  • the computer program When the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer can be used to execute the above-mentioned communication method.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product containing instructions, which when running on a computer, enable the computer to execute the communication method provided above.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system.
  • the system includes: a user plane gateway and a control plane gateway that perform the above-mentioned communication method.
  • this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, this application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.
  • computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction device.
  • the device implements the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce computer-implemented processing, so as to execute on the computer or other programmable equipment.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.

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Abstract

本申请涉及通信技术领域，公开了一种通信的方法及装置，用以解决目前建立IMS默认承载失败后，终端间无法正常建立IMS会话的问题。控制面网关在确定终端建立IMS默认承载时，策略控制设备不支持建立IMS默认承载，向用户面网关发送第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示控制面网关将策略控制设备旁路。后续，用户面网关在接收到所述终端的IMS会话请求时，用户面网关在确定控制面网关将策略控制设备旁路时，向控制面网关发送针对所述终端的第一指示信息，用于指示控制面网关向策略控制设备发送用于请求建立所述终端与控制面网关的映射关系的第一请求。策略控制设备建立终端与控制面网关的映射关系，以实现终端间正常建立IMS会话。

Description

一种通信的方法及装置
本申请要求于2019年12月31日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201911417937.8、发明名称为“一种通信的方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信的方法及装置。
背景技术
终端开机后，可以通过接入网设备向核心网设备发起附着流程，并进一步建立IP多媒体子系统(IP multimedia subsystem，IMS)默认承载，例如建立IMS语音承载。在建立IMS默认承载时，核心网设备选择控制面网关，控制面网关向策略控制设备发送请求消息，所述请求消息用于请求建立终端的IP地址与控制面网关的标识的映射关系，以便后续通过终端的IP地址查找到控制面网关。
终端在建立IMS默认承载后，主/被叫终端可以发起呼叫流程。例如，主叫终端通过用户面网关、代理呼叫会话设备等向被叫终端发送IMS会话请求。代理呼叫会话设备在接收到被叫终端反馈的响应后，可以向策略控制设备发送终端的IP地址。进而，策略控制设备可以通过终端的IP地址找到对应的控制面网关，以实现建立IMS会话。
上述描述的策略控制设备、控制面网关均位于数据中心中。一个数据中心中附着的终端一般非常多，当一个数据中心出现故障时，附着到该数据中心的终端则需要重新附着到其他数据中心的网络上，此时则会存在多个终端批量发起附着、建立IMS默认承载。数据中心中除了控制面网关外的其他设备，例如策略控制设备，为终端建立IMS默认承载预留的资源有限。当多个终端批量建立IMS默认承载时，策略控制设备容易被冲垮，则无法正常建立终端的IP地址与控制面网关的标识的映射关系，这样也会导致终端间无法正常建立IMS会话。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信的方法及装置，用以解决目前的建立IMS默认承载失败后，终端间无法正常建立IMS会话的问题。
第一方面，提供了一种通信的方法，用户面网关可以接收第一终端的IMS会话请求，第一终端可以是主叫终端，也可以是被叫终端。用户面网关可以确定所述第一终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，控制面网关是否将策略控制设备旁路，也就是策略控制设备是否建立所述第一终端与所述控制面网关的映射关系。如果所述用户面网关确定所述控制面网关将所述策略控制设备旁路，则可以向所述控制面网关发送针对所述第一终端的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述控制面向所述策略控制设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求建立所述第一终端与所述控制面网关的映射关系。
在该实施例中，用户面网关在确定控制面网关将策略控制设备旁路，则指示控制面网关向策略控制设备发送第一请求，用于建立所述第一终端与所述控制面网关的映射关系。这样，策略控制设备就可以建立第一终端与控制面网关的映射关系，以实现第一终端与第 二终端间正常建立IMS会话。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第一终端为主叫终端时，所述用户面网关还可以在接收到第一终端的IMS会话请求后，向第二终端发送IMS会话请求，所述第二终端为被叫终端。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第一终端为被叫终端时，所述用户面网关还可以向第一终端发送IMS会话请求。
在一种可能的实现中，所述用户面网关在确定所述控制面网关是否将策略控制设备旁路时，可以是所述用户面网关确定是否接收到所述控制面网关发送的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第一终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，所述控制面网关将策略控制设备旁路。如果所述用户面网关确定接收到所述控制面网关发送的第二指示信息，则可以确定所述控制面网关将所述策略控制设备旁路。
控制面网关在将策略控制设备旁路后，向用户面网关发送第二指示信息。这样，用户面设备就可以根据是否接收到第二指示信息来确定是否将策略控制设备旁路。
在一种可能的实现中，所述用户面网关在接收到所述第一终端的IMS会话请求后，所述用户面网关如果确定所述第一终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，所述控制面网关未将策略控制设备旁路，则可以向所述第二终端发送IMS默认请求，进一步地可以省略向控制面网关发送所述第一指示信息。
第二方面，提供了一种通信的方法，控制面网关可以接收用户面网关发送的针对终端的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述控制面网关向策略控制设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求建立所述终端与所述控制面网关的映射关系。然后，所述控制面网关向所述策略控制设备发送所述第一请求。
在该实施例中，控制面网关根据用户面网关的指示，向策略控制设备发送第一请求，策略控制设备就可以建立第一终端与控制面网关的映射关系，以便第一终端与第二终端间正常建立IMS会话。
在一种可能的实现中，所述控制面网关可以在所述终端建立IMS默认承载时，确定所述策略控制设备是否支持建立IMS默认承载。如果所述控制面网关确定所述策略控制设备不支持建立IMS默认承载，则可以向所述用户面网关发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，所述控制面网关将所述策略控制设备旁路。
控制面网关在确定策略控制设备不支持建立IMS默认承载时，可以将策略控制设备旁路，然后向用户面网关发送第二指示信息。这样，用户面设备就可以根据是否接收到第二指示信息来确定是否将策略控制设备旁路。
在一种可能的实现中，所述控制面网关在确定策略控制设备是否支持建立IMS默认承载时，可以是所述控制面网关确定所述策略控制设备是否过载或故障。当控制面网关确定所述策略控制设备过载或者故障时，可以确定所述策略控制设备不支持建立IMS默认承载。
在一种可能的实现中，所述控制面网关向所述策略控制设备发送第一请求时，可以是通过绑定支持功能设备发送的，例如所述控制面网关向绑定支持功能设备发送所述第一请求，以使所述绑定支持功能设备向所述策略控制设备转发所述第一请求。该示例例如可以应用于4G组网架构中。
在一种可能的实现中，所述控制面网关向所述策略控制设备发送第一请求，相应的， 所述策略控制设备在接收到所述控制面网关发送的所述第一请求后，还可以向绑定支持功能设备发送第二请求，所述第二请求用于请求建立所述终端与所述策略控制设备的映射关系。该示例例如可以应用于5G组网架构中。
第三方面，提供了一种通信的装置，所述通信具有实现上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中的功能。这些功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的功能模块。
第四方面，提供了一种通信的装置，所述通信具有实现上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中的功能。这些功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的功能模块。
第五方面，提供了一种通信的装置，该装置可以为上述方法实施例中的用户面网关，或者为设置在用户面网关中的芯片。该装置包括收发器以及处理器，可选的，还包括存储器。其中，该存储器用于存储计算机程序或指令，处理器分别与存储器和收发器耦合，当处理器执行所述计算机程序或指令时，使装置通过所述收发器执行上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中由用户面网关执行的方法。
第六方面，提供了一种通信的装置，该装置可以为上述方法实施例中的控制面网关，或者为设置在控制面网关中的芯片。该装置包括收发器以及处理器，可选的，还包括存储器。其中，该存储器用于存储计算机程序或指令，处理器分别与存储器和收发器耦合，当处理器执行所述计算机程序或指令时，使装置通过所述收发器执行上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中由控制面网关执行的方法。
第七方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中由用户面网关执行的方法。
第八方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中由控制面网关执行的方法。
第九方面，本申请提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器、所述存储器之间电耦合；所述存储器，用于存储计算机程序指令；所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中的部分或者全部计算机程序指令，当所述部分或者全部计算机程序指令被执行时，用于实现上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现的方法中用户面网关的功能。
在一种可能的设计中，所述芯片系统还可以包括收发器，所述收发器，用于发送所述处理器处理后的信号，或者接收输入给所述处理器的信号。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
第十方面，本申请提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器、所述存储器之间电耦合；所述存储器，用于存储计算机程序指令；所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中的部分或者全部计算机程序指令，当所述部分或者全部计算机程序指令被执行时，用于实现上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现的方法中控制面网关的功能。
在一种可能的设计中，所述芯片系统还可以包括收发器，所述收发器，用于发送所述处理器处理后的信号，或者接收输入给所述处理器的信号。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
第十一方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，当该计算机程序被运行时，上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中由用户面网关执行的方法被执行。
第十二方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，当该计算机程序被运行时，上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中由控制面网关执行的方法被执行。
第十三方面，提供了一种通信的系统，所述系统包括：执行上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中的方法的用户面网关，以及执行上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中的方法的控制面网关。
附图说明
图1和图2为本申请实施例中分别提供的一种通信架构示意图；
图3A、图3B和图4为本申请实施例中分别提供的一种应用场景示意图；
图5A和图5B为本申请实施例中分别提供的一种通信过程示意图；
图6、图7、图8、图9为本申请实施例中分别提供的一种通信装置结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
本申请实施例提供一种通信的方法及装置，其中，方法、装置是基于同一技术构思的，由于方法、装置解决问题的原理相似，因此装置与方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统，全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统，第五代(5th Generation，5G)系统，如无线接入技术(new radio access technology，NR)，及未来的通信系统等。
如图1所示，为本申请适用的一种可能的通信系统架构示意图，包括：终端设备、eNB(evolved Node B演进的节点B)、移动性管理实体(mobility management entity，MME)设备、服务网关(serving gateway，SGW)设备、分组数据网网关(packer data network gateway)PGW设备、策略和计费规则功能(policy and charging rules functionp，PCRF)设备、HSS设备、SGSN设备和MSC设备。其中SGW、PGW逻辑设备功能，控制面功能与用户面功能可以分离，进而上面的设备可以可分裂为SGW-C、SGW-U、PGW-C和PGW-U。其中设备也可以称为网元，在该网络架构中，S1-C接口为eNodeB和MME间的信令面接口；S1-U接口为eNodeB和SGW间的用户面接口；S11接口为MME和SGW间的接口；S6a接口为MME与HSS的信令接口；Gx接口为P-GW和PCRF间的信令面接口；Rx接口为代理-呼叫会话控制功能(porxy call session control function，P-CSCF)设备和PCRF间的 信令面接口。
图2为本申请适用的另一种可能的通信系统架构示意图，包括：终端设备、(无线)接入网设备(radio access network，(R)AN)、UPF设备、DN设备、AUSF设备、AMF设备、SMF设备、NEF设备、NRF设备、PCF设备、UDM设备。其中设备也可以称为网元，在该网络架构中，Nausf为AUSF展现的基于服务的接口，Namf为AMF展现的基于服务的接口，Nsmf为SMF展现的基于服务的接口，Nnef为NEF展现的基于服务的接口，Nnrf为NRF展现的基于服务的接口，Npcf为PCF展现的基于服务的接口，Nudm为UDM展现的基于服务的接口。N1为UE和AMF1之间的参考点，N2为(R)AN和AMF的参考点，用于非接入层消息的发送等；N3为(R)AN和UPF之间的参考点，用于传输用户面的数据等；N4为SMF和UPF之间的参考点，用于传输例如N3连接的隧道标识信息，数据缓存指示信息，以及下行数据通知消息等信息；N6接口为UPF和DN之间的参考点，用于传输用户面的数据等。终端与(R)AN(主要指基站)之间通过Uu口连接，终端与基站之间可以传输控制面数据和用户面数据，控制面数据通过RRC协议交互，用户面数据可以通过分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)交互。
图1所示的4G的通信系统中的PGW-C、PGW-U、PCRF、MME设备可以映射到图2所示的5G的通信系统中。例如PGW-C设备映射为SMF，PGW-U设备映射为UPF，PCRF映射为PCF，MME映射为AMF。
接下来对图2中的设备的功能进行介绍：
用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)设备：用于分组路由和转发以及用户面数据的服务质量(quality of service，QoS)处理等。
数据网络(data network，DN)设备：用于提供传输数据的网络。
认证服务器功能(authentication server function，AUSF)设备：用于实现对用户的鉴权和认证等。
会话管理功能(Session Management Function，SMF)设备：主要用于会话管理、终端设备的网络互连协议(internet protocol，IP)地址分配和管理、选择可管理用户平面功能、策略控制和收费功能接口的终结点以及下行数据通知等。
网络开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)设备：用于安全地向外部开放由3GPP网络功能设备提供的业务和能力等。
策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)设备：用于指导网络行为的统一策略框架，为控制面功能设备(例如AMF，SMF设备等)提供策略规则信息等。
应用功能(application function，AF)设备：用于管理终端的设备，存储所管理的终端的属性信息，例如终端的位置信息、类型等。
统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)设备：用于处理用户标识，接入鉴权，注册以及移动性管理等。
网络存储功能(network repository function，NRF)设备：用于存储核心网中部署的网络功能的信息，提供网络功能和服务的发现等。
应理解，上述应用于本申请实施例的网络架构仅是举例说明的从服务化架构的角度描述的网络架构，适用本申请实施例的网络架构并不局限于此，任何能够实现上述各个设备的功能的网络架构都适用于本申请实施例。
为便于理解本申请实施例，接下来对本请的应用场景进行介绍。本申请实施例描述的 业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
接下来以图1所示的4G的网络架构和图2所示的5G的网络架构为例，对本申请的应用场景进行介绍，以下应用场景对于其它网络架构同样适用。
在一个数据中心(data center，DC)中可以部署有多种设备，例如控制面网关，策略控制设备。可选的，还可以部署移动管理设备，绑定支持功能设备等。该通信系统中还可以包括用户面网关，接入网设备，代理呼叫设备，代理呼叫设备可以部署在数据中心中，也可以不部署在数据中心中。
如图3A所示的通信系统，在4G网络架构中，控制面网关可以包括控制面公共数据网网关PGW-C，可选的，还可以包括控制面服务网关SGW-C；策略控制设备可以是PCRF设备；移动管理设备可以是MME设备；创建绑定支持功能设备可以是路由代理(diameter routing agent，DRA)设备；用户面网关可以包括：用户面服务网关SGW-U，用户面公共数据网网关PGW-U。
如图3B所示的通信系统，在5G网络架构中，控制面网关可以是SMF设备，策略控制设备可以是PCF设备；移动管理设备可以是AMF设备；创建绑定支持功能设备可以是(binding support function，BSF)设备；用户面网关可以是UPF设备。
代理呼叫设备可以是会话边界控制器(session border controller，SBC)设备或其中一个功能模块，也可以是代理呼叫会话控制功能(porxy call session control function，P-CSCF)设备。
终端开机后，可以通过接入网设备向核心网设备发起附着流程，附着也可以称为建立数据的默认承载。例如在4G网络架构中，终端向MME设备发起EPC(evolved packet core，4G的核心网)附着流程。例如在5G网络架构中，终端向AMF设备发起注册流程和PDU会话创建流程。
在附着成功(即终端接收到附着成功的响应)后，如果终端用户是IP多媒体子系统(IP multimedia subsystem，IMS)用户，该终端可以进一步建立IMS默认承载，例如建立IMS语音承载。核心网设备可以为终端选择一个控制面网关建立IMS默认承载。例如在4G网络架构中，MME设备为终端选择一个PGW-C用来建立IMS默认承载。再例如在5G网络架构中，AMF设备为终端选择一个SMF设备用来建立IMS默认承载。
终端建立IMS默认承载的过程可以参见以下步骤1-步骤2：
步骤1：终端通过接入网设备、核心网设备向控制面网关发起会话建立过程。
在4G网络架构中可以如图3A所示，终端通过接入网设备向MME设备发起会话建立过程。MME设备通过控制面服务网关SGW-C向控制面公共数据网网关PGW-C发送创建会话请求(Create Session Request)。
在5G网络架构中可以如图3B所示，终端通过接入网设备向AMF设备发起会话建立过程。AMF设备向SMF发送会话创建请求消息。
例如，SMF Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext Request请求消息。
步骤2：控制面网关在接收到终端发起的会话建立请求后，向策略控制设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求建立所述终端与所述控制面网关的映射关系。例如请求所述策略控制设备保存所述终端的IP地址与所述控制面网关的标识的映射关系。
在4G网络架构中可以如图3A所示，PGW-C在接收到创建会话请求后，可以发起IP-CAN会话建立过程。在未部署DRA设备情况下，PGW-C向PCRF设备发送信用控制请求(credit control request，CCR)，其中携带终端的IP地址。在部署DRA设备的情况下，PGW-C通过DRA设备向PCRF设备发送信用控制请求(credit control request，CCR)，其中携带终端的IP地址。在IP-CAN会话建立成功后，PCRF设备中可以保存终端的IP地址与PGW-C的标识的映射关系，以便后续通过终端的IP地址查找PGW-C。并且DRA设备中可以保存终端的IP地址与PCRF设备的标识的映射关系，以便后续通过终端的IP地址查找PCRF。
在5G网络架构中可以如图3B所示，SMF设备在接收到创建会话请求后，可以发起会话建立过程。在未部署BSF设备的情况下，SMF设备向PCF设备发送会话管理策略建立(Session Management Policy Establishment)消息，其中携带终端的IP地址。PCF设备中可以保存终端的IP地址与SMF设备的标识的映射关系。在部署BSF设备的情况下，PCF设备选择一个BSF设备，PCF调用BSF的Nbsf_Management_Register服务操作，发送POST请求消息给BSF，其中携带终端的IP地址，则BSF设备中可以保存终端的IP地址与PCF设备的标识的映射关系。PCF设备在选择BSF设备时，可以是根据终端的IP地址，以及BSF支持的IP段选择的，具体的选择过程不进行赘述。
终端在建立IMS默认承载后，终端可以发起IMS呼叫流程。以主叫终端向被叫终端发起IMS呼叫为例进行说明。具体过程可以参见以下步骤3-步骤6：
步骤3：主叫终端可以通过接入网设备向用户面网关发送IMS会话请求。
在4G网络架构中可以如图3A所示，主叫终端可以依次通过接入网设备、用户面服务网关SGW-U，向用户面公共数据网网关PGW-U发送会话初始协议(Session Initialization Protocol，SIP)的邀请invite请求。
在5G网络架构中可以如图3B所示，主叫终端可以通过接入网设备向UPF设备发送SIP的邀请invite请求。
步骤4：用户面网关可以通过代理呼叫设备将IMS会话请求通知给被叫终端。
在4G网络架构中可以如图3A所示，PGW-U可以通过P-CSCF设备将SIP的invite请求告知被叫终端。
在5G网络架构中可以如图3B所示，UPF设备可以通过P-CSCF设备将SIP的invite请求告知被叫终端。
步骤5：代理呼叫设备在接收到被叫终端的响应后，向策略控制设备发送携带主叫终端的IP地址请求消息，用于请求建立主叫终端与被叫终端之间的IMS会话。
鉴权授权请求(authentication authorization request，AAR)，AAR中包括终端的IP地址。进而策略控制设备可以通过终端的IP地址找到对应的控制面网关，以建立IMS会话。
在4G网络架构中可以如图3A所示，P-CSCF设备在接收到被叫终端反馈的响应后，如果未部署DRA设备，则P-CSCF设备可以直接向PCRF设备发送鉴权授权请求(authentication authorization request，AAR)，其中包括主叫终端的IP地址。PCRF设备可以通过主叫终端的IP地址找到对应的PGW-C。如果部署DRA设备，则P-CSCF设备可以向DRA设备发送鉴权授权请求AAR。进而，DRA设备可以通过终端的IP地址找到对应的PCRF设备。进而，PCRF设备可以通过主叫终端的IP地址找到对应的PGW-C。
在5G网络架构中可以如图3B所示，P-CSCF设备在接收到被叫终端反馈的响应后，如果未部署BSF设备，则P-CSCF设备可以直接向PCF设备发送鉴权授权请求AAR，其中包括主叫终端的IP地址。PCF设备可以通过主叫终端的IP地址找到对应的SMF设备。如果部署BSF设备，则P-CSCF设备可以向BSF设备发送AAR，AAR中包括终端的IP地址。进而，BSF设备可以通过主叫终端的IP地址找到对应的PCF设备。进而，PCF设备可以通过主叫终端的IP地址找到对应的SMF设备。
在被叫呼叫主叫的过程中，被叫终端可以依次通过被叫终端接入的接入网设备、代理呼叫设备、用户面网关，主叫终端接入的接入网设备到达主叫终端。详细过程不再进行赘述。
如图4所示，在4G网络架构下，当数据中心DC1发生故障后，接入网设备无法获得核心网设备(例如MME-1)的心跳响应。此时，接入网设备可以通知附着到数据中心DC1上的终端重新发起附着流程。如图4所示，接入网设备可以选择新的数据中心DC2进行附着。需要注意的是，图4中的数据中心DC1中的和数据中心DC2中的PCRF、DRA、SGW-C、PGW-C为容灾备份关系。以PCRF为例，PCRF-1和PCRF-2中保存的数据相同，当PCRF-1故障时，PCRF-2可以承载故障的PCRF-1上所有的业务。DRA、SGW-C、PGW-C亦如此。
数据中心DC1中附着的终端较多，则会存在多个终端批量发起附着。除了PGW-C外的其他设备，例如PCRF、DRA等设备为终端附着预留的资源有限，这些设备容易被冲垮。为了避免这些设备被冲垮，PGW-C-2可以使用旁路功能。即PGW-C-2发现某个设备过载后，不再向其发送请求。先处理其他流程给终端回复附着成功。过一段时间再向被旁路的设备发送请求，刷新状态。
在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，如果数据中心DC2中的PGW-C-2发现PCRF-2设备过载，如果将PCRF-2设备和DRA-2设备旁路，则不会发起IP-CAN会话建立流程。这样会存在以下问题：
终端在重新附着的过程中，终端的IP地址可能会发生变化，但是数据中心DC2中的DRA-2设备和PCRF-2中存储的路由数据都是旧数据，即存储的是旧的IP地址。在终端发送呼叫时，SBC设备向DRA-2设备发送的AAR中携带新的IP地址。DRA-2收到新的IP地址后，由于DRA-2存储的是旧的IP地址，DRA-2无法根据新的IP地址找到PCRF设备，则呼叫业务失败。即使终端的IP地址没有改变，AAR中携带旧的IP地址，DRA-2设备匹配的是故障的数据中心DC1中的PCRF-1的地址，业务失败。如果DRA-2找到PCRF-2设备，PCRF-2设备根据存储的旧的IP地址，会映射到故障的数据中心DC1中的PGW-C-1上，也会业务失败。
在5G网络架构下，会出现同样的问题。
基于此，本申请提供了一种通信方式，如图5A所示(如上述图3A、图3B和图4重复之处不再介绍)，在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，控制面网关可以将是否对策略控制设备旁路的信息告知用户面网关。这样，用户面网关在接收到终端(可以是主叫终端，也可以是被叫终端)的IMS呼叫时，可以识别出针对该终端是否将策略控制设备旁路。如果在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，将策略控制设备旁路，用户面网关可以向控制面网关发送请求消息，用于请求策略控制设备重新建立终端的IP地址与控制面网关的映射关系。
为便于理解本申请实施例，以下对本申请实施例的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本 领域技术人员理解。
1)、接入网设备，具有能够为终端提供随机接入功能的设备或可设置于该设备的芯片，该设备包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)，无线保真(wireless fidelity，WIFI)系统中的接入点(access point，AP)、无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission and reception point，TRP或者transmission point，TP)等，还可以为5G，如，NR，系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(DU，distributed unit)等。
2)、终端，又称之为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)等，是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备。例如，终端设备包括具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。目前，终端设备可以是：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self-driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端，或智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。
3)旁路，从干线上分出来的一条道路，支线或支路。旁路区别于主回路，是指因功能需要时，可以切换到另一条回路上而不致于影响负载的正常运行。
本申请中的“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请中所涉及的多个，是指两个或两个以上。
在本申请的描述中，“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
另外，在本申请实施例中，“示例的”一词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例”的任何实施例或实现方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或实现方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用示例的一词旨在以具体方式呈现概念。
接下来如图5B所示的通信过程，对本申请的技术方案进行详细介绍。
步骤501：用户面网关接收第一终端的IMS会话请求。
所述第一终端可以是被叫终端，也可以是主叫终端。
步骤502：所述用户面网关确定在所述第一终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，控制面网关是否将策略控制设备旁路，如果是，则执行步骤503，如果否，则执行步骤506。
所述控制面网关在所述终端建立IMS默认承载时，可以确定所述策略控制设备是否支持建立IM默认承载，如果不支持建立IMS默认承载，则向所述用户面网关发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，所述控制面网关将所述策略控制设备旁路。
示例的，所述控制面网关在确定策略控制设备是否支持建立IMS默认承载时，可以是 所述控制面网关确定所述策略控制设备是否过载或故障。当控制面网关确定所述策略控制设备过载或者故障时，可以确定所述策略控制设备不支持建立IMS默认承载。
示例的，所述用户面网关在确定所述控制面网关是否将策略控制设备旁路时，可以是所述用户面网关确定是否接收到所述控制面网关发送的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第一终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，所述控制面网关将策略控制设备旁路。如果所述用户面网关确定接收到所述控制面网关发送的第二指示信息，则可以确定所述控制面网关将所述策略控制设备旁路。
步骤503：所述用户面网关向所述控制面网关发送针对所述第一终端的第一指示信息，相应的，所述控制面网关接收所述用户面网关发送的针对终端的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述控制面网关向所述策略控制设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求建立所述第一终端与所述控制面网关的映射关系。
所述第一请求可以用于实现绑定功能，例如会话绑定、PCC规则授权，以及QoS Flow绑定，其中会话绑定即为建立所述第一终端与所述控制面网关的映射关系。
步骤504：所述控制面网关向所述策略控制设备发送所述第一请求。
在一种示例中，所述控制面网关向所述策略控制设备发送第一请求时，可以是通过绑定支持功能设备发送的。具体的，所述控制面网关向绑定支持功能设备发送所述第一请求，所述第一请求中包括终端的标识信息，例如终端的IP地址。所述第一请求的目的地址是策略控制设备的地址。所述绑定支持功能设备将所述第一请求转发给所述策略控制设备。所述策略控制设备在接收到所述第一请求后，可以记录所述终端的标识信息与所述控制面网关的标识信息的映射关系。并且所述策略控制设备可以通过所述绑定支持功能设备向所述控制面网关回复所述第一请求的响应消息，所述绑定支持功能设备在接收到响应消息后，可以记录会话绑定信息，即记录所述策略控制设备的标识与所述终端的标识的映射关系。该示例可以应用在4G组网中。
在另一种示例中，所述控制面网关向所述策略控制设备发送第一请求，相应的，所述策略控制设备在接收到所述控制面网关发送的所述第一请求后，还可以向绑定支持功能设备发送第二请求，所述第二请求用于请求建立所述终端与所述策略控制设备的映射关系。该示例可以应用在5G组网中。
步骤505：如果所述第一终端为主叫终端，所述第二终端为被叫终端，所述用户面网关向第二终端发送IMS会话请求。
步骤503与步骤505的先后顺序不进行限制。
步骤506：如果所述控制面网关未将所述策略控制设备旁路，所述用户面网关向第二终端发送IMS会话请求。
如果所述第一终端为被叫终端，所述用户面网关向第一终端发送IMS会话请求。
在该实施例中，用户面网关在确定控制面网关将策略控制设备旁路，则指示控制面网关向策略控制设备发送第一请求，用于建立所述第一终端与所述控制面网关的映射关系。这样，策略控制设备就可以建立第一终端与控制面网关的映射关系，以实现第一终端与第二终端间正常建立IMS会话。
前文介绍了本申请实施例的通信的方法，下文中将介绍本申请实施例中的通信的装置。
基于与上述通信的方法的同一技术构思，如图6所示，提供了一种通信的装置600， 装置600能够执行上述图5A和图5B的方法中由用户面网关执行的各个步骤，为了避免冗余，此处不再详述。装置600可以为用户面网关，也可以为应用于用户面网关中的芯片。装置600可以包括：收发模块620，处理模块610，可选的，还包括存储模块630；处理模块610可以分别与存储模块630和收发模块620相连，所述存储模块630也可以与收发模块620相连。
收发模块620，可以用于收发数据或响应。
所述存储模块630，可以用于接收的数据。
在一种实施方式中，所述收发模块620，可以用于接收第一终端的IMS会话请求；
处理模块610，可以用于确定所述第一终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，控制面网关将策略控制设备旁路；
所述收发模块620，还用于向所述控制面网关发送针对所述第一终端的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述控制面网关向所述策略控制设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求建立所述第一终端与所述控制面网关的映射关系。
可选的，所述收发模块620，还用于向第二终端发送IMS会话请求；
其中，所述第一终端为主叫终端，所述第二终端为被叫终端。
可选的，所述收发模块620，还用于向所述第一终端发送IMS会话请求；其中所述第一终端为被叫终端。
可选的，所述收发模块620在用于确定所述第一终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，控制面网关将策略控制设备旁路时，具体用于：
确定接收到所述控制面网关发送的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第一终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，所述控制面网关将策略控制设备旁路。
基于与上述通信的方法的同一技术构思，如图7所示，提供了一种通信的装置700，装置700能够执行上述图5A和图5B的方法中由控制面网关执行的各个步骤，为了避免冗余，此处不再详述。装置700可以为控制面网关，也可以为应用于控制面网关中的芯片。装置700可以包括：收发模块720，处理模块710，可选的，还包括存储模块730；处理模块710可以分别与存储模块730和收发模块720相连，所述存储模块730也可以与收发模块720相连。
收发模块720，可以用于收发数据或响应。
所述存储模块730，可以用于接收的数据。
在一种示例中，所述收发模块720，用于接收用户面网关发送的针对终端的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述控制面网关向策略控制设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求建立所述终端与所述控制面网关的映射关系；以及向所述策略控制设备发送所述第一请求。
所述处理模块710，用于在所述终端建立IMS默认承载时，确定所述策略控制设备不支持建立IMS默认承载，以及通过所述收发模块向所述用户面网关发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，所述控制面网关将所述策略控制设备旁路。
可选的，所述处理模块710在用于确定策略控制设备不支持建立IMS默认承载时，具体用于：确定所述策略控制设备过载或者故障。
可选的，所述收发模块720在用于向所述策略控制设备发送第一请求时，具体用于：通过绑定支持功能设备向所述策略控制设备发送所述第一请求。
图8是本申请实施例的通信的装置800的示意性框图。应理解，所述装置800能够执行上述图5A和图5B的方法中由用户面网关执行的各个步骤，为了避免冗余，此处不再详述。装置800包括：处理器810和收发器820，可选的，还包括存储器830。所述处理器810和所述存储器830之间电耦合。
示例的，存储器830，用于存储计算机程序；所述处理器810，可以用于调用所述存储器中存储的计算机程序或指令，以通过所述收发器820执行上述的通信的方法。
图6中的处理模块610可以通过处理器810来实现，收发模块620可以通过收发器820来实现，存储模块630可以通过存储器830来实现。
图9是本申请实施例的通信的装置900的示意性框图。应理解，所述装置900能够执行上述图5A和图5B的方法中由控制面网关执行的各个步骤，为了避免冗余，此处不再详述。装置900包括：处理器910和收发器920，可选的，还包括存储器930。所述处理器910和所述存储器930之间电耦合。
示例的，存储器930，用于存储计算机程序；所述处理器910，可以用于调用所述存储器中存储的计算机程序或指令，以通过所述收发器920执行上述的通信的方法。
图7中的处理模块710可以通过处理器910来实现，收发模块720可以通过收发器920来实现，存储模块730可以通过存储器930来实现。
上述的处理器可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，网络处理器(network processor，NP)或者CPU和NP的组合。处理器还可以进一步包括硬件芯片或其他通用处理器。上述硬件芯片可以是专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或其组合。上述PLD可以是复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device，CPLD)，现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(generic array logic，GAL)及其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等或其任意组合。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
还应理解，本申请实施例中提及的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本申请描述的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质，存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时，可以使得所述计算机用于执行上述通信的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述提供的通信的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信的系统，所述系统包括：执行上述通信的方法的用户面网关和控制面网关。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包括有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本申请的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本申请范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请实施例的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包括这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种通信的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    用户面网关接收第一终端的IMS会话请求；
    所述用户面网关确定所述第一终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，控制面网关将策略控制设备旁路；
    所述用户面网关向所述控制面网关发送针对所述第一终端的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述控制面网关向所述策略控制设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求建立所述第一终端与所述控制面网关的映射关系。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述用户面网关向第二终端发送IMS会话请求；
    其中，所述第一终端为主叫终端，所述第二终端为被叫终端。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述用户面网关向所述第一终端发送IMS会话请求；
    其中，所述第一终端为被叫终端。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户面网关确定所述第一终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，控制面网关将策略控制设备旁路，包括：
    所述用户面网关确定接收到所述控制面网关发送的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第一终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，所述控制面网关将策略控制设备旁路。
  5. 一种通信的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    控制面网关接收用户面网关发送的针对终端的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述控制面网关向策略控制设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求建立所述终端与所述控制面网关的映射关系；并且所述控制面网关向所述策略控制设备发送所述第一请求。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述控制面网关在所述终端建立IMS默认承载时，确定所述策略控制设备不支持建立IMS默认承载，则向所述用户面网关发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端在建立IMS默认承载的过程中，所述控制面网关将所述策略控制设备旁路。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，控制面网关确定策略控制设备不支持建立IMS默认承载，包括：
    所述控制面网关确定所述策略控制设备过载或者故障。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制面网关向所述策略控制设备发送第一请求，包括：
    所述控制面网关通过绑定支持功能设备向所述策略控制设备发送所述第一请求。
  9. 一种通信的装置，其特征在于，包括处理器、存储器和收发器；
    所述存储器存储有计算机程序或指令；
    所述收发器用于接收和/或发送信号；
    所述处理器在执行所述计算机程序或指令时，使得所述装置执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述存储介质存储有计算机指令，当所述计算机指令被计算机执行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
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