WO2021134366A1 - 一种天线收发模块、多输入多输出天线收发系统和基站 - Google Patents

一种天线收发模块、多输入多输出天线收发系统和基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021134366A1
WO2021134366A1 PCT/CN2019/130206 CN2019130206W WO2021134366A1 WO 2021134366 A1 WO2021134366 A1 WO 2021134366A1 CN 2019130206 W CN2019130206 W CN 2019130206W WO 2021134366 A1 WO2021134366 A1 WO 2021134366A1
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Prior art keywords
branch
antenna
sub
output
paths
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PCT/CN2019/130206
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王燕春
金涛
陈卫
薛春林
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/130206 priority Critical patent/WO2021134366A1/zh
Priority to CN201980101526.XA priority patent/CN114631265B/zh
Priority to EP19958283.4A priority patent/EP4057517A4/en
Publication of WO2021134366A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021134366A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0025—Modular arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of communication equipment, and in particular to an antenna transceiver module, a multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system, and a base station.
  • the user equipment in order to obtain the required information, the user equipment (UE) first uses the uplink channel to send the sounding reference signal (SRS) to the base station, and the base station corresponds to the SRS Estimating the channel quality of the uplink channel, selecting the optimal downlink channel according to the channel reciprocity, and using the optimal downlink channel to transmit the required information to the user equipment.
  • SRS sounding reference signal
  • the channel quality estimation time needs to be shortened to improve the response speed of the user equipment to obtain the required information.
  • the SRS resources become increasingly scarce, it is necessary to save the SRS resources.
  • controlling the cost of the base station and ensuring the downlink coverage capability of the base station is also an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna transceiver module, a multiple input multiple output antenna transceiver system, and a base station, which can control the cost of the base station while ensuring the downlink coverage capability of the base station, shorten the channel quality estimation time, and save SRS resources.
  • the antenna transceiver module includes a transmitting path and a plurality of receiving paths; the transmitting path includes a main path and a plurality of branch paths, and the main path has an input terminal and An output end, each of the multiple branch passages has an input end and at least one output end, the input ends of the multiple branch passages are connected to the output end of the main passage, and the output end of each branch passage is used for
  • at least one of the multiple branch paths includes a phase shifter; the number of the multiple receiving paths is equal to the number of all output terminals of the multiple branch paths, and each of the multiple receiving paths has a phase shifter. It has an input terminal and an output terminal.
  • the input terminals of the multiple receiving channels correspond to all the output terminals of the multiple branch channels one-to-one.
  • the input terminal of each receiving channel of the multiple receiving channels is used to connect the input of the receiving channel
  • the duplexer connected to the output end of the branch corresponding to the end.
  • the transmission path includes a main path and a plurality of branch paths.
  • the main path has an input end and an output end.
  • Each branch path has an input end and at least one output end.
  • the input ends of multiple branch paths are connected to the output end of the main path.
  • the output end of each branch path is used to connect the duplexer and pass through the duplexer.
  • the device is connected to the antenna sub-array.
  • the antenna transceiver module includes multiple receiving channels, the number of multiple receiving channels is equal to the number of all output terminals of the multiple branch channels. Each of the multiple receiving channels has an input terminal and an output terminal.
  • the input end of a receiving channel corresponds to all the output ends of the multiple branch channels one-to-one, and the input end of each receiving channel in the multiple receiving channels is used to connect the output end of the branch channel corresponding to the input end of the receiving channel.
  • the duplexer therefore, can obtain the received signals of all the duplexers at one time through multiple receiving channels, so that all SRSs within the coverage of the base station can be obtained at one time, thereby shortening the channel quality estimation time and improving the user equipment's acquisition time.
  • the response speed of the information is needed, and the user equipment only needs to use the uplink channel to send the SRS to the base station once, thereby saving SRS resources and improving the downlink performance of the base station.
  • the antenna transceiver module further includes: multiple duplexers; the number of the multiple duplexers is equal to the number of all output terminals of the multiple branch channels, and the multiple duplexers are the same as all output terminals of the multiple branch channels.
  • each of the multiple duplexers includes a first end, a second end, and a third end.
  • the duplexer is used to couple the signal input from the first end to the third end for output, and to output the third end.
  • the three-terminal input signal is coupled to the second terminal output.
  • the first terminal of each duplexer in the multiple duplexers is connected to the output terminal of the branch corresponding to the duplexer.
  • the second end of each duplexer is connected to the input end of the receiving path corresponding to the output end of the branch path corresponding to the duplexer, and the third end of each of the multiple duplexers is used for Connect the antenna sub-array.
  • the duplexer includes, but is not limited to, a single-pole multi-throw switch, a circulator, and a filter.
  • the antenna transceiver module further includes: multiple antenna sub-arrays; the number of the multiple antenna sub-arrays is equal to the number of the multiple duplexers, the multiple antenna sub-arrays correspond to the multiple duplexers one-to-one, and the multiple Each antenna sub-array in the antenna sub-array includes at least one antenna, and each antenna sub-array in the multiple antenna sub-arrays is connected to the third end of the duplexer corresponding to the antenna sub-array.
  • each of the multiple branch passages has an output terminal.
  • the number of multiple branch channels is equal to the number of all output terminals of the multiple branch channels. This structure is simple and facilitates independent control of each antenna sub-array.
  • each of the plurality of branch passages includes a phase shifter, or the remaining branch passages except one of the plurality of branch passages include a phase shifter.
  • multiple branch channels can separately adjust the phase of the transmitted signal, and the adjustment flexibility is high, which can increase the coverage of the base station.
  • multiple antenna sub-arrays connected to all output ends of multiple branch paths can be arranged in a row, so that the narrow beam output by the multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system can be arranged in the direction of the multiple antenna sub-arrays. Scan on.
  • each of the multiple branch paths includes a parent branch and multiple sub-branches, and each of the parent branch and the multiple sub-branches has an input end and an output end.
  • the input end of the branch is the input end of the branch
  • the output end of the mother branch is connected to the input ends of the multiple sub-branches
  • the output end of the sub-branch is the output end of the branch.
  • each of the multiple branch channels has multiple output terminals, and the number of multiple branch channels is less than the number of all output terminals of the multiple branch channels, and more antenna sub-arrays can be connected. Under the premise that the number of antennas in the multi-output antenna system is certain, the number of transmitters can be further reduced, and the cost of the base station can be further saved.
  • each of the multiple sub-branches includes a phase shifter, or the mother branch includes a phase shifter, and the remaining sub-branches of the multiple sub-branches except one sub-branch include a shifter. Phase device.
  • the transmission signal output by each output terminal of all the output terminals of the multiple branch channels can be independently adjusted in phase, the adjustment flexibility is high, and the coverage area of the base station can be increased.
  • the multiple antenna sub-arrays connected to each of the multiple branch paths are arranged along the first direction into an antenna sub-array, and the antenna sub-arrays connected to the multiple branch paths are arranged along the second direction.
  • the direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the transmission path includes an up-mixer, which is also called a modulator.
  • the up-mixer is used to convert the frequency of the transmission signal transmitted in the transmission path from a first frequency to a second frequency. The frequency is less than the second frequency.
  • the main path includes an upmixer.
  • the frequency of the transmission signal transmitted to all the output ends of the branch channel can be the second frequency, the number of up-mixers in the transmission channel is small, and the cost of the antenna transceiver module is low.
  • each of the multiple branch paths includes a power amplifier; when the branch path includes a phase shifter, the input end of the power amplifier in the branch path is connected to the output end of the phase shifter.
  • the transmitted signal first passes through the phase shifter in the branch path, and then passes through the power amplifier, and the transmitted signal will not be affected by the insertion loss of the phase shifter.
  • the strength of the transmitted signal can be increased, and the downlink coverage capability of the base station can be improved, or, under the premise of a certain coverage capacity of the base station, the transmission power of the transmitted signal can be reduced, thereby reducing energy consumption.
  • each of the multiple receiving paths includes a down mixer, also called a demodulator, which is used to convert the frequency of the received signal transmitted in the receiving path from the third frequency to the second frequency.
  • a down mixer also called a demodulator
  • the third frequency is greater than the fourth frequency.
  • each receiving path in the receiving path further includes a low-noise amplifier, which can amplify the weak signal received by the antenna and reduce noise interference in the process of amplifying the signal.
  • a low-noise amplifier which can amplify the weak signal received by the antenna and reduce noise interference in the process of amplifying the signal.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system, including multiple antenna transceiver modules, and at least one of the multiple antenna transceiver modules is the antenna transceiver module as described in any of the above technical solutions.
  • the MIMO antenna transceiving system provided by the embodiment of the present application includes the antenna transceiving module described in any of the above technical solutions
  • the MIMO antenna transceiving system provided in the embodiment of the present application is similar to the one described in any of the above technical solutions.
  • the antenna transceiver module can solve the same technical problem and achieve the same expected effect.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a base station, including the multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system described in the above technical solution.
  • the base station provided by the embodiment of this application includes the multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system described in the above technical solution
  • the base station provided by the embodiment of this application can solve the same problem as the multiple-input multiple output antenna transceiver system described in any of the above technical solutions.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system provided by some embodiments of this application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna transceiver module in the first multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system provided by some embodiments of the application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the first antenna transceiver module in the second multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the first antenna transceiver module in the second multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of the first antenna transceiver module in the second multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the first antenna transceiver module in the second multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the fifth structure of the first antenna transceiver module in the second multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the sixth structure of the first antenna transceiver module in the second multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the second antenna transceiver module in the second multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system shown in FIG. 3.
  • 01-Antenna transceiver module 011-RF transceiver; 0111-transmit path; 0112-receive path; 0113-circulator; 012-phase shifter; 013-antenna sub-array; 100-processing circuit; 1-first antenna transceiver Module; 11-transmitting path; 111-main path; 112-branch path; 112a-mother branch; 112b-sub branch; 1121-phase shifter; 1122-power amplifier; 12-receiving path; 121-low noise amplifier 113-duplexer; 14-antenna sub-array; 141-antenna; 14a-antenna sub-array; 2-second antenna transceiver module; 21-transmitting path; 211-power amplifier; 22-receiving path; 221-low noise Amplifier; 23-duplexer; 24-antenna sub-array.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features.
  • the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • connection refers to coupling, which includes direct connection or indirect connection via other devices to achieve electrical communication.
  • the embodiment of the present application relates to an antenna transceiver module, a multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system, and a base station.
  • UE User equipment
  • Sounding Reference Signal is an uplink reference signal that can be used for channel quality estimation
  • Channel quality estimation refers to a calculation process in which a base station receives SRS within its coverage area and estimates an optimal downlink channel based on the signal strength of the received SRS.
  • a base station is a radio transceiver station that transmits information to user equipment through a mobile communication switching center within a certain radio coverage area.
  • 5G 5th generation mobile networks
  • the transmission speed of the radio has been improved.
  • the coverage capability of the base station is weak.
  • the base station needs to adopt a large-scale multiple-in multiple-out (massive multiple in multiple out, Massive MIMO) system to obtain beamforming gain and improve the coverage of the base station.
  • Massive MIMO massive multiple in multiple out
  • FIG. 1 is a Massive MIMO system provided by some embodiments of this application.
  • the Massive MIMO system includes multiple antenna transceiver modules 01.
  • the antenna transceiver module 01 includes a radio frequency transceiver TRx 011, a plurality of phase shifters 012, and a plurality of antenna sub-arrays 013.
  • the radio frequency transceiver 011 includes a transmitting path 0111, a receiving path 0112, and a circulator 0113.
  • the back end of the radio frequency transceiver 011 can be connected to a processing circuit 100 for generating transmission signals or processing received signals.
  • the transmission path 0111 is also the transmitter Tx.
  • the transmission path 0111 is used to receive the transmission signal from the back-end processing circuit 100, process the transmission signal, and transmit the transmission signal to the multiple antenna sub-arrays 013 through the circulator 0113.
  • the receiving path 0112 is the receiver Rx, which is used to process and transmit the received signals received by the multiple antenna sub-arrays 013 to the back-end processing circuit 100.
  • the output end of the emission path 0111 is connected to the first end a of the circulator 0113.
  • the circulator 0113 can couple the input signal of the first terminal a to the output of the third terminal c.
  • the input end of the receiving path 0112 is connected to the second end b of the circulator 0113.
  • the circulator 0113 can couple the input signal of the third terminal c to the output of the second terminal b.
  • the third end c of the circulator 0113 is connected to the multiple antenna sub-arrays 013, and the connection line between the third end c of the circulator 0113 and each antenna sub-array 013 of the multiple antenna sub-arrays 013 is connected in series.
  • Phase device 012. Through multiple phase shifters 012, the narrow beam output by the Massive MIMO system can be time-divisionally scanned within a certain range, thereby ensuring the coverage of the base station, and a radio frequency transceiver TRx is used to realize the signal transmission and reception of multiple antenna sub-arrays.
  • the Massive MIMO system shown in Figure 1 receives multiple SRSs in the coverage area through narrow-beam time-division scanning, all SRSs can only be received after one period of scanning is completed, rather than at the same time. Obtaining all the SRS results in a long channel quality estimation time, and the user equipment has a slow response speed to obtain the required information.
  • the user equipment continues to send SRS to the base station during a period of scanning through a narrow beam. Occupies SRS resources, resulting in a decrease in the downlink performance of the base station.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a base station, which may be a base station in a 5G network.
  • the base station includes a multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system provided by some embodiments of the application. As shown in FIG. 3, the multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system includes multiple antenna transceivers. Module, at least one of the multiple antenna transceiver modules is the first antenna transceiver module 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first transceiver module 1 provided by some embodiments of the application. As shown in FIG. 4, the first antenna transceiver module 1 includes a transmission path 11, which is also a transmitter Tx.
  • the emission path 11 includes a main path 111 and a plurality of branch paths 112.
  • the main path 11 has an input terminal and an output terminal.
  • the input terminal of the main path 11 is used to connect to a processing circuit 100, which may include a processor or necessary logic circuits for baseband signal processing or digital signal processing.
  • the processor may be a baseband processor, a digital signal processor, a microprocessor or a central processing unit or the like.
  • the processing circuit 100 may be included outside the first antenna transceiver module 1.
  • the processing circuit 100 can generate a transmission signal, and the main path 11 is used to receive the transmission signal from the processing circuit 100, process the transmission signal, and output the processed transmission signal from the output terminal of the main path 11.
  • Each branch passage 112 in the plurality of branch passages 112 has an input end and at least one output end, the input end of the plurality of branch passages 112 is connected to the output end of the main passage 111, and the output end of each branch passage is used for Connect the duplexer, each branch channel 112 of the plurality of branch channels 112 is used to receive the transmission signal from the output end of the main channel 111, process the transmission signal, and transmit the processed transmission signal to at least one duplexer, Furthermore, at least one duplexer transmits to at least one antenna sub-array, thereby transmitting and sending signals to multiple antenna sub-arrays through one transmitter Tx. Wherein, the duplexer and the antenna sub-array may be included outside the first antenna transceiver module 1. As shown in FIG. 4, at least one branch passage 112 of the plurality of branch passages 112 includes a phase shifter 1121.
  • the narrow beam output by the multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system can be time-divisionally scanned within a certain range, thereby ensuring the coverage capability of the base station.
  • one transmitter Tx is used to transmit and send signals to multiple antenna sub-arrays, which can reduce the number of transmitter Tx settings in the multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the cost of the base station.
  • the first antenna transceiver module further includes a plurality of receiving paths 12, which are also receivers Rx.
  • the number of the multiple receiving channels 12 is equal to the number of all output terminals of the multiple branch channels 112.
  • Each receiving channel 12 of the multiple receiving channels 12 has an input terminal and an output terminal.
  • the input terminals of the multiple receiving channels 12 Corresponding to all the output ends of the multiple branch passages 112 in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the input end of each receiving passage 12 in the multiple receiving passages 12 is used to connect the output end of the branch passage 112 corresponding to the input end of the receiving passage 12.
  • the output end of each of the multiple receiving channels 12 is used to connect to the processing circuit 100, and each receiving channel 12 of the multiple receiving channels 12 is used to receive signals from the receiving duplexer and process the receiving Signal and transmit the processed received signal to the processing circuit 100, and the processing circuit 100 can process the received signal.
  • the received signals of all duplexers can be acquired at one time through multiple receiving channels 12, so that all SRSs in the coverage area of the base station can be acquired at one time, thereby shortening the channel quality estimation time and improving user equipment acquisition requirements.
  • Information response speed, and the user equipment only needs to use the uplink channel to send the SRS to the base station once, thereby saving SRS resources and improving the downlink performance of the base station.
  • all the output ends of the multiple branch passages 112 refer to a set of output ends of the multiple branch passages 112, and the number of all output ends of the multiple branch passages 112 is also the number of output ends in the set. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the number of multiple branch passages 112 is two, and each branch passage 112 has two output ends. All the output ends of the multiple branch passages 112 are a set of 4 output ends. The number of all output terminals of the path 112 is four.
  • the first antenna transceiver module 1 further includes a plurality of duplexers 13, and the duplexers 113 include, but are not limited to, a single-pole multi-throw switch, a circulator, and a filter.
  • the number of the multiple duplexers 13 is equal to the number of all output terminals of the multiple branch passages 112, and the multiple duplexers 13 correspond to all the output ends of the multiple branch passages 112 one-to-one.
  • Each of the multiple duplexers 13 Each of the duplexers 13 includes a first terminal a, a second terminal b, and a third terminal c.
  • the duplexer 13 is used to couple the signal input from the first terminal a to the third terminal c to output, and to output the third terminal c The input signal is coupled to the second terminal b to output.
  • each duplexer 13 of the multiple duplexers 13 is connected to the output terminal of the branch path 112 corresponding to the duplexer 13, and the multiple duplexers 13
  • the second end b of each duplexer 13 in the duplexer 13 is connected to the input end of the receiving path 12 corresponding to the output end of the branch path 112 corresponding to the duplexer 13, and each of the multiple duplexers 13
  • the third end c of each duplexer 13 is used to connect the antenna sub-array.
  • the first antenna transceiver module 1 further includes: multiple antenna sub-arrays 14, the number of the multiple antenna sub-arrays 14 is equal to the number of the multiple duplexers 13, and the multiple antennas
  • the sub-array 14 corresponds to the multiple duplexers 13 one-to-one.
  • Each antenna sub-array 14 of the multiple antenna sub-arrays 14 includes at least one antenna 141, and each antenna sub-array 14 of the multiple antenna sub-arrays 14 has at least one antenna.
  • the third end c of the duplexer 13 corresponding to the antenna sub-array 14 is connected.
  • the number of antennas 141 included in the antenna sub-array 14 may be one, two, three, etc., which are not limited here. Specifically, it may be based on the number of antennas in the multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system and the base station. The required coverage area is comprehensively designed.
  • each antenna sub-array 14 of the multiple antenna sub-arrays 14 is connected to the third end c of the duplexer 13 corresponding to the antenna sub-array 14, which means that the multiple antenna sub-arrays 14
  • Each antenna 141 in each antenna sub-array 14 is connected to the third end c of the duplexer 13 corresponding to the antenna sub-array 14.
  • the multiple antenna sub-arrays 14 may be arranged in a row (as shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5 or FIG. 6), or may be arranged in an array (as shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 8 or FIG. 9), which is not specifically limited here.
  • the branch passage 112 may have one output end or multiple output ends.
  • the structure of the branch passage 112 may include the following two embodiments:
  • each branch passage 112 of the plurality of branch passages 112 has an output terminal.
  • the number of the multiple branch passages 112 is equal to the number of all the output terminals of the multiple branch passages 112. This structure is simple and facilitates the independent control of each antenna sub-array.
  • each branch passage 112 of the plurality of branch passages 112 may include a phase shifter 1121, or each branch passage 112 may include a phase shifter 1121, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • each branch 112 of the plurality of branch paths 112 includes a phase shifter 1121, or, except for one branch of the plurality of branch paths 112
  • the remaining branch passages 112 except the passage 112 all include a phase shifter 1121.
  • the multiple branch channels 112 can respectively adjust the phase of the transmission signal, and the adjustment flexibility is high, and the coverage area of the base station can be increased.
  • the phase of the transmission signal on the branch passage 112 that does not include the phase shifter 1121 may be As a reference reference, the phase of the reference reference can be changed by the processing circuit 100 generating transmission signals with different phases.
  • each branch path 112 of the plurality of branch paths 112 has an output terminal, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 6, a plurality of antennas connected to all output ends of the plurality of branch paths 112
  • the array 14 can be arranged in a row, so that the narrow beam output by the multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system can scan in the arrangement direction of the multiple antenna sub-arrays.
  • the plurality of antenna sub-arrays 14 may be arranged in a row along the horizontal direction, or may be arranged in a row along the vertical direction, which is not specifically limited here.
  • each branch passage 112 in the plurality of branch passages 112 includes a mother branch 112a and a plurality of sub-branches 112b, and each of the mother branch 112a and the plurality of sub-branches 112b
  • Each circuit 112b has an input terminal and an output terminal.
  • the input terminal of the mother branch 112a is the input terminal of the branch channel 112, and the output terminal of the mother branch 112a is connected to the input terminals of the multiple sub-branches 112b.
  • the output end is the output end of the branch path 112.
  • each branch channel 112 of the multiple branch channels 112 has multiple output terminals, and the number of the multiple branch channels 112 is less than the number of all output terminals of the multiple branch channels 112, and more antenna sub-arrays can be connected.
  • the number of antennas in the multiple-input multiple-output antenna system is certain, the number of transmitter Tx settings can be further reduced, and the cost of the base station can be further saved.
  • only one branch passage 112 of the plurality of branch passages 112 may include the phase shifter 1121, or each branch passage 112 may include the phase shifter 1121, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the branch passage 112 includes the phase shifter 1121, specifically, the mother branch 112a in the branch passage 112 may include the phase shifter 1121 (as shown in FIG. 9), or it may be the sub-branch 112b in the branch passage 112.
  • the phase shifter 1121 is included, which is not specifically limited here.
  • each sub-branch 112b of the plurality of sub-branch 112b includes a phase shifter 1121, or, as shown in FIG. 112a includes a phase shifter 1121, and the remaining sub-branch 112b of the plurality of sub-branch 112b except for one sub-branch 112b includes a phase shifter 1121.
  • the transmission signal output by each output terminal of all the output terminals of the multiple branch channels 112 can be independently adjusted in phase, and the adjustment flexibility is high, which can increase the coverage of the base station.
  • the phase shifter 1121 is included.
  • the transmission signal output by the output end of the sub-branch 112b of the sub-branch 112a is sequentially obtained by the phase shifter 1121 included in the mother branch 112a and the phase shifter 1121 included in the sub-branch 112b.
  • the phase shifter 1121 is not included.
  • the transmission signal output by the output end of the sub-branch 112b only obtains one phase adjustment of the phase shifter 1121 included in the mother branch 112a.
  • the multiple antenna sub-arrays 14 connected to all the output ends of the multiple branch paths 112 It can be arranged in a row or in an array, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the plurality of antenna sub-arrays 14 connected to each of the plurality of branch passages 112 are along the first direction (that is, as shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8).
  • the direction X) is arranged into an antenna sub-array 14a, and the antenna sub-arrays 14a connected by a plurality of branch passages 112 are arranged along the second direction (that is, the direction Y in FIG.
  • the first direction is aligned with the second direction.
  • the direction is vertical.
  • the narrow beam output by the multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system can scan in both the first direction and the second direction.
  • the first direction may be a horizontal direction or a vertical direction, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the transmission path 11 includes an up-mixer, which is also called a modulator, and the up-mixer is used to convert the frequency of the transmission signal transmitted in the transmission path 11 from a first frequency to a second frequency. Frequency, the first frequency is less than the second frequency.
  • the main channel 111 of the transmission channel 11 may include an up-mixer, or each branch channel 112 of the plurality of branch channels 112 may be included. All include an up-mixer, which is not specifically limited here. However, in order to save costs, in some embodiments, the up-mixer is included in the main path 111 of the transmission path 11.
  • the frequency of the transmission signal transmitted to all the output ends of the branch path 112 can be the second frequency.
  • the number of up-mixers in the transmission path 11 is relatively small, and the cost of the first antenna transceiver module 1 is relatively low.
  • the transmission path 11 also includes a power amplifier (PA) 1122.
  • the power amplifier 1122 is used to power amplify the transmission signals transmitted to all the output ends of the multiple branch paths 112.
  • the power amplifier (PA) 1122 may be the main source of the transmission path 11.
  • the path 111 includes a power amplifier 1122 (as shown in FIG. 6), and each branch path 112 of the plurality of branch paths 112 may include a power amplifier 1122 (as shown in FIG. 4), which is not specifically limited here.
  • each branch path 112 in the plurality of branch paths 112 includes a power amplifier 1122; when the branch path 112 includes a phase shifter 1121, the power amplifier 1122 in the branch path 112 The input terminal of is connected to the output terminal of the phase shifter 1121. In this way, the transmitted signal first passes through the phase shifter 1121 in the branch path 112, and then passes through the power amplifier 1122, and the transmitted signal will not be affected by the insertion loss of the phase shifter 1121.
  • the strength of the transmitted signal can be increased, and the downlink coverage capability of the base station can be improved, or, under the premise of a certain coverage capacity of the base station, the transmission power of the transmitted signal can be reduced, thereby reducing energy consumption.
  • the receiving path 12 includes a down mixer, also called a demodulator, which is used to convert the frequency of the received signal transmitted in the receiving path 12 from a third frequency to a fourth frequency.
  • the frequency is greater than the fourth frequency.
  • each receiving path 12 in the receiving path 12 includes a low noise amplifier (LNA) 121.
  • the LNA can amplify the weak signal received by the antenna. Reduce noise interference in the process of amplifying the signal.
  • a part of the multiple antenna transceiver modules included in the multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system may be the first antenna transceiver module 1, or all of them may be the first antenna transceiver module 1, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the second antenna transceiver module 2 includes a transmitting path 21, a receiving path 22, a duplexer 23 and an antenna sub-array 24.
  • the transmission path 21 includes an up mixer and a power amplifier 211, the input end of the transmission path 21 is connected to the processing circuit 100, and the output end of the transmission path 21 is connected to the first end a of the duplexer 23.
  • the duplexer 23 can couple the input signal of the first terminal a to the output of the third terminal c.
  • the receiving path 22 includes a down mixer and a low noise amplifier 221, the input end of the receiving path 22 is connected to the second end b of the duplexer 23, and the output end of the receiving path 22 is connected to the processing circuit 100.
  • the duplexer 23 can couple the input signal of the third terminal c to the output of the second terminal b.
  • the third end c of the duplexer 23 is connected to the antenna sub-array 24, and the antenna sub-array 24 includes at least one antenna.
  • the number of transmitters Tx can be reduced as much as possible, and the cost of the base station can be saved.
  • the number of transmitters Tx The reduction results in a decrease in the downlink capacity of the base station; and when the multiple antenna transceiver modules included in the MIMO antenna transceiver system are all the second antenna transceiver modules 2, the number of transmitters Tx can be increased, and the downlink capacity of the base station can be increased.
  • the cost of the base station is relatively high. In order to balance the cost of the base station and the transmission capacity of the base station, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG.
  • the multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system includes N antenna transceiver modules.
  • the M antenna transceiver modules are the first antenna transceiver module 1, 1 ⁇ M ⁇ N, and the remaining NM antenna transceiver modules are the second antenna transceiver module 2 shown in Figure 10.
  • the multiple-input multiple-output antenna transceiver system consists of the first antenna transceiver module 1.
  • the antenna transceiver module 1 and the second antenna transceiver module 2 are composed of two antenna transceiver modules, which can simultaneously take into account the cost of the base station and the transmission capacity of the base station.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种天线收发模块、多输入多输出天线收发系统和基站，涉及通信设备技术领域，在保证基站下行覆盖能力、控制基站成本的同时，缩短信道质量估计时间。该天线收发模块包括一个发射通路和多个接收通路；发射通路包括一个主通路和多个支通路，多个支通路的输入端与主通路的输出端连接，每个支通路的输出端均用于连接双工器，多个支通路中的至少一个支通路包括移相器；多个接收通路的数量与多个支通路的全部输出端的数量相等，多个接收通路的输入端与多个支通路的全部输出端一一对应，多个接收通路中的每个接收通路的输入端用于连接接收通路的输入端对应的支通路的输出端连接的双工器。本申请实施例提供的电子元件用作功率放大器。

Description

一种天线收发模块、多输入多输出天线收发系统和基站 技术领域
本申请涉及通信设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线收发模块、多输入多输出天线收发系统和基站。
背景技术
在时分双工(time division duplexing，TDD)系统中，用户设备(user equipment，UE)为了获取所需信息，首先采用上行信道向基站发送探测参考信号(sounding reference signal，SRS)，基站对SRS对应的上行信道进行信道质量估计，根据信道互异性，选择最优的下行信道，并采用该最优的下行信道向用户设备传输其所需的信息。
为了保证基站的下行性能，需要缩短信道质量估计时间，以提高用户设备获取所需信息的响应速度，但是随着SRS资源日趋紧张，故需要节约SRS资源。此外，控制基站成本和保证基站的下行覆盖能力也是一个急待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请的实施例提供一种天线收发模块、多输入多输出天线收发系统和基站，能够在保证基站下行覆盖能力的同时，控制基站成本，缩短信道质量估计时间，节约SRS资源。
为达到上述目的，本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，本申请一些实施例提供一种天线收发模块，该天线收发模块包括一个发射通路和多个接收通路；发射通路包括一个主通路和多个支通路，该主通路具有一个输入端和一个输出端，该多个支通路中的每个支通路均具有一个输入端和至少一个输出端，多个支通路的输入端与主通路的输出端连接，每个支通路的输出端均用于连接双工器，多个支通路中的至少一个支通路包括移相器；多个接收通路的数量与多个支通路的全部输出端的数量相等，多个接收通路中的每个接收通路均具有一个输入端和一个输出端，多个接收通路的输入端与多个支通路的全部输出端一一对应，多个接收通路中的每个接收通路的输入端用于连接该接收通路的输入端对应的支通路的输出端连接的双工器。
本申请实施例提供的天线收发模块，由于该天线收发模块包括一个发射通路，发射通路包括一个主通路和多个支通路，该主通路具有一个输入端和一个输出端，该多个支通路中的每个支通路均具有一个输入端和至少一个输出端，多个支通路的输入端与主通路的输出端连接，每个支通路的输出端均用于连接双工器，并通过双工器连接天线子阵。这样，采用一个发射通路向多个天线子阵传输发送信号，能够减少多输入多输出天线收发系统中发射通路(也即是发射器)的设置数量，以达到控制基站成本的目的。又由于多个支通路中的至少一个支通路包括移相器，因此通过移相器能够实现多输入多输出天线收发系统输出的窄波束在一定范围内进行扫描，从而保证了基站的覆盖能力。同时由于天线收发模块包括多个接收通路，多个接收通路的数量与多个 支通路的全部输出端的数量相等，多个接收通路中的每个接收通路均具有一个输入端和一个输出端，多个接收通路的输入端与多个支通路的全部输出端一一对应，多个接收通路中的每个接收通路的输入端用于连接该接收通路的输入端对应的支通路的输出端连接的双工器，因此，可以通过多个接收通路一次性获取全部双工器的接收信号，从而能够一次性获取基站覆盖范围内的全部SRS，进而缩短了信道质量估计时间，提高了用户设备获取所需信息的响应速度，且用户设备只需采用上行信道向基站发送一次SRS即可，从而节省了SRS资源，提升了基站的下行性能。
可选的，天线收发模块还包括：多个双工器；多个双工器的数量与多个支通路的全部输出端的数量相等，多个双工器与多个支通路的全部输出端一一对应，多个双工器中的每个双工器均包括第一端、第二端和第三端，双工器用于将第一端输入的信号耦合至第三端输出，并将第三端输入的信号耦合至第二端输出，多个双工器中的每个双工器的第一端均与该双工器对应的支通路的输出端连接，多个双工器中的每个双工器的第二端均与该双工器对应的支通路的输出端对应的接收通路的输入端连接，多个双工器中的每个双工器的第三端均用于连接天线子阵。
可选的，双工器包括但不限于单刀多掷开关、环形器和滤波器。
可选的，天线收发模块还包括：多个天线子阵；多个天线子阵的数量与多个双工器的数量相等，多个天线子阵与多个双工器一一对应，多个天线子阵中的每个天线子阵均包括至少一个天线，多个天线子阵中的每个天线子阵均与该天线子阵对应的双工器的第三端连接。
可选的，多个支通路中的每个支通路均具有一个输出端。这样一来，多个支通路的数量与多个支通路的全部输出端的数量相等，此结构简单，便于每个天线子阵的独立控制。
可选的，多个支通路中的每个支通路均包括移相器，或者，多个支通路中除一个支通路之外的其余支通路均包括移相器。这样，多个支通路可以分别对发送信号进行相位调节，调节的灵活性较高，能够增大基站的覆盖范围。
可选的，多个支通路的全部输出端连接的多个天线子阵可以排列成一排，这样一来，多输入多输出天线收发系统输出的窄波束能够在该多个天线子阵的排列方向上进行扫描。
可选的，多个支通路中的每个支通路均包括母支路和多个子支路，母支路和多个子支路中的每个子支路均具有一个输入端和一个输出端，母支路的输入端为支通路的输入端，母支路的输出端与多个子支路的输入端连接，子支路的输出端为支通路的输出端。这样一来，多个支通路中的每个支通路均具有多个输出端，多个支通路的数量小于多个支通路的全部输出端的数量，可以连接更多的天线子阵，在多输入多输出天线系统中天线的数量一定的前提下，可以进一步减小发射器的设置数量，进一步节省基站的成本。
可选的，多个子支路中的每个子支路均包括移相器，或者，母支路包括移相器，多个子支路中除一个子支路之外的其余子支路均包括移相器。这样一来，多个支通路的全部输出端中的每个输出端输出的发送信号均可以得到独立的相位调节，调节的灵活性较高，能够增大基站的覆盖范围。
可选的，多个支通路中的每个支通路连接的多个天线子阵沿第一方向排列成一个天线子阵列，多个支通路连接的天线子阵列沿第二方向排列，该第一方向与该第二方向垂直。这样一来，多输入多输出天线收发系统输出的窄波束既能够沿第一方向扫描，又能够沿第二方向扫描。
可选的，发射通路包括上混频器，该上混频器也叫调制器，该上混频器用于将发射通路中传输的发送信号的频率从第一频率转换为第二频率，第一频率小于第二频率。
可选的，主通路包括上混频器。这样，可以使传输至支通路的全部输出端的发送信号的频率均为第二频率，发射通路中的上混频器的设置数量较少，天线收发模块的成本较低。
可选的，多个支通路中的每个支通路均包括功率放大器；当支通路包括移相器时，该支通路内的功率放大器的输入端连接于移相器的输出端。这样一来，发送信号在支通路中先经过移相器，再经过功率放大器，发送信号不会受移相器的插入损耗的影响。这样，在发射功率一定的前提下，能够提高发送信号的强度，提升基站的下行覆盖能力，或者，在基站覆盖能力一定的前提下，能够降低发送信号的发送功率，从而降低了能耗。
可选的，多个接收通路中的每个接收通路均包括下混频器，也叫解调器，该下混频器用于将接收通路中传输的接收信号的频率从第三频率转换为第四频率，第三频率大于第四频率。
可选的，接收通路中的每个接收通路还包括低噪声放大器，低噪声放大器能够将天线接收到的微弱信号进行放大，并且在放大信号的过程中降低噪声干扰。
第二方面，本申请一些实施例提供一种多输入多输出天线收发系统，包括多个天线收发模块，多个天线收发模块中的至少一个为如上任一技术方案所述的天线收发模块。
由于本申请实施例提供的多输入多输出天线收发系统包括上述任一技术方案所述的天线收发模块，因此本申请实施例提供的多输入多输出天线收发系统与上述任一技术方案所述的天线收发模块能够解决相同的技术问题，并达到相同的预期效果。
第三方面，本申请一些实施例提供一种基站，包括如上技术方案所述的多输入多输出天线收发系统。
由于本申请实施例提供的基站包括上述技术方案所述的多输入多输出天线收发系统，因此本申请实施例提供的基站与上述任一技术方案所述的多输入多输出天线收发系统能够解决相同的技术问题，并达到相同的预期效果。
附图说明
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的第一种多输入多输出天线收发系统的结构示意图；
图2为图1所示第一种多输入多输出天线收发系统中天线收发模块的结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的第二种多输入多输出天线收发系统的结构示意图；
图4为图3所示第二种多输入多输出天线收发系统中第一天线收发模块的第一种结构示意图；
图5为图3所示第二种多输入多输出天线收发系统中第一天线收发模块的第二种结构示意图；
图6为图3所示第二种多输入多输出天线收发系统中第一天线收发模块的第三种结构示意图；
图7为图3所示第二种多输入多输出天线收发系统中第一天线收发模块的第四种结构示意图；
图8为图3所示第二种多输入多输出天线收发系统中第一天线收发模块的第五种结构示意图；
图9为图3所示第二种多输入多输出天线收发系统中第一天线收发模块的第六种结构示意图；
图10为图3所示第二种多输入多输出天线收发系统中第二天线收发模块的结构示意图。
附图标记：
01-天线收发模块；011-射频收发器；0111-发射通路；0112-接收通路；0113-环形器；012-移相器；013-天线子阵；100-处理电路；1-第一天线收发模块；11-发射通路；111-主通路；112-支通路；112a-母支路；112b-子支路；1121-移相器；1122-功率放大器；12-接收通路；121-低噪声放大器；113-双工器；14-天线子阵；141-天线；14a-天线子阵列；2-第二天线收发模块；21-发射通路；211-功率放大器；22-接收通路；221-低噪声放大器；23-双工器；24-天线子阵。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
在本申请实施例中，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本申请实施例中，术语“连接”是指耦合，其包括直接相连或经由其他器件间接相连以实现电连通。
本申请实施例涉及天线收发模块、多输入多输出天线收发系统和基站，以下对此实施例涉及到的概念进行简单说明：
用户设备(user equipment，UE)，是移动通讯中一个重要概念，包含手机，智能终端，多媒体设备，流媒体设备等等；
探测参考信号(Sounding Reference Signal，SRS)，是一种上行的参考信号，可用于进行信道质量估计；
信道质量估计，是指基站接收其覆盖范围内的SRS，并根据接收到的SRS的信号强度，估计出一个最优的下行信道的一种计算过程。
基站是在一定的无线电覆盖范围内，通过移动通信交换中心，与用户设备之间进行信息传递的无线电收发信电台。随着第五代移动通信技术(5th generation mobile networks，5G)的应用，无线电的传输速度得到了提升，但是由于5G信号频段较高，损耗较大，因此基站的覆盖能力较弱。为了保证基站的覆盖能力，基站需要采用大规 模的多输入多输出(massive multiple in multiple out，Massive MIMO)系统来获取波束成形增益，提升基站的覆盖能力。然而Massive MIMO系统中存在较多数量的射频收发器TRx，这样会导致基站的成本增加。
为了降低基站的成本，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的一种Massive MIMO系统，该Massive MIMO系统包括多个天线收发模块01。天线收发模块01的结构示意图参照图2，如图2所示，该天线收发模块01包括射频收发器TRx 011、多个移相器012和多个天线子阵013。射频收发器011包括发射通路0111、接收通路0112和环形器0113。射频收发器011的后端可以连接用于生成发送信号或处理接收信号的处理电路100。发射通路0111也即发射器Tx，该发射通路0111用于从后端的处理电路100接收发送信号、处理该发送信号并将该发送信号通过环形器0113传输至多个天线子阵013。接收通路0112也即接收器Rx，用于处理并传输多个天线子阵013接收的接收信号至后端的处理电路100。发射通路0111的输出端与环形器0113的第一端a连接。环形器0113能够将第一端a的输入信号耦合至第三端c输出。接收通路0112的输入端与环形器0113的第二端b连接。环形器0113能够将第三端c的输入信号耦合至第二端b输出。环形器0113的第三端c与多个天线子阵013连接，环形器0113的第三端c与多个天线子阵013中的每个天线子阵013之间的连接线路中串接有移相器012。通过多个移相器012能够实现Massive MIMO系统输出的窄波束在一定范围内进行时分扫描，从而保证了基站的覆盖能力，且采用一个射频收发器TRx实现了多个天线子阵的信号收发，能够减少Massive MIMO系统中射频收发器TRx的设置数量，降低基站的成本。但是，由于图1所示Massive MIMO系统是通过窄波束时分扫描的方式接收覆盖范围内的多个SRS，因此只能在完成一个周期的扫描之后才能接收到全部的SRS，而不能在一个时刻同时获取全部的SRS，导致信道质量估计时间较长，用户设备获取所需信息的响应速度较慢，且在Massive MIMO系统通过窄波束进行一个周期的扫描过程中，用户设备持续向基站发送SRS，因此占用了SRS资源，导致基站的下行性能下降。
为了在控制基站成本的同时，缩短信道质量估计时间，节约SRS资源，本申请一些实施例提供了一种基站，该基站可以为5G网络中的基站。
基站包括多输入多输出天线收发系统，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的多输入多输出天线收发系统的结构示意图，如图3所示，该多输入多输出天线收发系统包括多个天线收发模块，该多个天线收发模块中的至少一个为第一天线收发模块1。
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的一种第一收发模块1的结构示意图，如图4所示，第一天线收发模块1包括：一个发射通路11，该发射通路11也即发射器Tx。
发射通路11包括一个主通路111和多个支通路112。主通路11具有一个输入端和一个输出端，主通路11的输入端用于连接处理电路100，该处理电路100可以包括处理器或必要的逻辑电路，用于进行基带信号处理或数字信号处理。所述处理器可以是基带处理器、数字信号处理器、微处理器或中央处理单元等。可选的，处理电路100可以包括在第一天线收发模块1之外。处理电路100能够生成发送信号，主通路11用于从处理电路100接收发送信号，处理发送信号，并将处理后的发送信号由主通路11的输出端输出。多个支通路112中的每个支通路112均具有一个输入端和至少一个 输出端，多个支通路112的输入端与主通路111的输出端连接，每个支通路的输出端均用于连接双工器，多个支通路112中的每个支通路112均用于从主通路111的输出端接收发送信号，处理发送信号，并将处理后的发送信号传输至至少一个双工器，并进一步由至少一个双工器传输至至少一个天线子阵，由此通过一个发射器Tx向多个天线子阵传输发送信号。其中，双工器和天线子阵可以包括在第一天线收发模块1之外。如图4所示，多个支通路112中的至少一个支通路112包括移相器1121。
这样一来，通过移相器1121能够实现多输入多输出天线收发系统输出的窄波束在一定范围内进行时分扫描，从而保证了基站的覆盖能力。且采用一个发射器Tx向多个天线子阵传输发送信号，能够减少多输入多输出天线收发系统中发射器Tx的设置数量，以达到控制基站成本的目的。
如图4所示，第一天线收发模块还包括多个接收通路12，该接收通路12也即接收器Rx。
多个接收通路12的数量与多个支通路112的全部输出端的数量相等，多个接收通路12中的每个接收通路12均具有一个输入端和一个输出端，多个接收通路12的输入端与多个支通路112的全部输出端一一对应，多个接收通路12中的每个接收通路12的输入端用于连接该接收通路12的输入端对应的支通路112的输出端连接的双工器，多个接收通路12中的每个接收通路12的输出端用于连接处理电路100，多个接收通路12中的每个接收通路12用于从接收双工器的接收信号，处理接收信号，并将处理后的接收信号传输至处理电路100，处理电路100能够处理接收信号。
这样一来，可以通过多个接收通路12一次性获取全部双工器的接收信号，从而能够一次性获取基站覆盖范围内的全部SRS，进而缩短了信道质量估计时间，提高了用户设备获取所需信息的响应速度，且用户设备只需采用上行信道向基站发送一次SRS即可，从而节省了SRS资源，提升了基站的下行性能。
需要说明的是，多个支通路112的全部输出端，是指多个支通路112的输出端组成的集合，多个支通路112的全部输出端的数量也即是该集合内输出端的数量。比如，图5所示，多个支通路112的数量为2个，每个支通路112具有2个输出端，多个支通路112的全部输出端为4个输出端组成的集合，多个支通路112的全部输出端的数量为4个。
在一些实施例中，如图4所示，第一天线收发模块1还包括：多个双工器13，该双工器113包括但不限于单刀多掷开关、环形器和滤波器。
多个双工器13的数量与多个支通路112的全部输出端的数量相等，多个双工器13与多个支通路112的全部输出端一一对应，多个双工器13中的每个双工器13均包括第一端a、第二端b和第三端c，双工器13用于将第一端a输入的信号耦合至第三端c输出，并将第三端c输入的信号耦合至第二端b输出，多个双工器13中的每个双工器13的第一端a均与该双工器13对应的支通路112的输出端连接，多个双工器13中的每个双工器13的第二端b均与该双工器13对应的支通路112的输出端对应的接收通路12的输入端连接，多个双工器13中的每个双工器13的第三端c均用于连接天线子阵。
在一些实施例中，如图4所示，第一天线收发模块1还包括：多个天线子阵14， 多个天线子阵14的数量与多个双工器13的数量相等，多个天线子阵14与多个双工器13一一对应，多个天线子阵14中的每个天线子阵14均包括至少一个天线141，多个天线子阵14中的每个天线子阵14均与该天线子阵14对应的双工器13的第三端c连接。
在上述实施例中，天线子阵14包括的天线141的数量可以为一个、两个、三个等等，在此不做限定，具体可以根据多输入多输出天线收发系统中天线的数量以及基站所需覆盖的范围进行综合设计。
需要说明的是，多个天线子阵14中的每个天线子阵14均与该天线子阵14对应的双工器13的第三端c连接，是指，多个天线子阵14中的每个天线子阵14中的每个天线141均与该天线子阵14对应的双工器13的第三端c连接。
多个天线子阵14可以排列成一排(如图4、图5或图6所示)，也可以阵列设置(如图7、图8或图9所示)，在此不做具体限定。
支通路112可以具有一个输出端，也可以具有多个输出端，具体的，支通路112的结构可以包括以下两种实施例：
实施例一，如图4所示，多个支通路112中的每个支通路112均具有一个输出端。这样一来，多个支通路112的数量与多个支通路112的全部输出端的数量相等，此结构简单，便于每个天线子阵的独立控制。
在上述实施例中，多个支通路112中可以仅一个支通路112包括移相器1121，也可以每个支通路112包括移相器1121，在此不做具体限定。
为了增大基站的覆盖范围，在一些实施例中，如图4所示，多个支通路112中的每个支通路112均包括移相器1121，或者，多个支通路112中除一个支通路112之外的其余支通路112均包括移相器1121。这样，多个支通路112可以分别对发送信号进行相位调节，调节的灵活性较高，能够增大基站的覆盖范围。
需要说明的是，当多个支通路112中除一个支通路112之外的其余支通路112均包括移相器1121时，该未包括移相器1121的支通路112上的发送信号的相位可以作为参考基准，该参考基准的相位可以通过处理电路100产生相位不同的发送信号来进行改变。
当多个支通路112中的每个支通路112均具有一个输出端时，在一些实施例中，如图4或图6所示，多个支通路112的全部输出端连接的多个天线子阵14可以排列成一排，这样一来，多输入多输出天线收发系统输出的窄波束能够在该多个天线子阵的排列方向上进行扫描。其中，该多个天线子阵14可以沿水平方向排列成一排，也可以沿竖直方向排列成一排，在此不做具体限定。
实施例二，如图5所示，多个支通路112中的每个支通路112均包括母支路112a和多个子支路112b，母支路112a和多个子支路112b中的每个子支路112b均具有一个输入端和一个输出端，母支路112a的输入端为支通路112的输入端，母支路112a的输出端与多个子支路112b的输入端连接，子支路112b的输出端为支通路112的输出端。这样一来，多个支通路112中的每个支通路112均具有多个输出端，多个支通路112的数量小于多个支通路112的全部输出端的数量，可以连接更多的天线子阵，在多输入多输出天线系统中天线的数量一定的前提下，可以进一步减小发射器Tx的设 置数量，进一步节省基站的成本。
在上述实施例中，多个支通路112中可以仅一个支通路112包括移相器1121，也可以每个支通路112均包括移相器1121，在此不做具体限定。当支通路112包括移相器1121时，具体的，可以是支通路112中的母支路112a包括移相器1121(如图9所示)，也可以是支通路112中的子支路112b包括移相器1121，在此不做具体限定。
为了增大基站的覆盖范围，在一些实施例中，如图7所示，多个子支路112b中的每个子支路112b均包括移相器1121，或者，如图8所示，母支路112a包括移相器1121，多个子支路112b中除一个子支路112b之外的其余子支路112b均包括移相器1121。这样一来，多个支通路112的全部输出端中的每个输出端输出的发送信号均可以得到独立的相位调节，调节的灵活性较高，能够增大基站的覆盖范围。
需要说明的是，当母支路112a包括移相器1121，多个子支路112b中除一个子支路112b之外的其余子支路112b均包括移相器1121时，包括有移相器1121的子支路112b的输出端输出的发送信号，依次得到了母支路112a包括的移相器1121、子支路112b包括的移相器1121的前后两次相位调节，未包括移相器1121的子支路112b的输出端输出的发送信号，仅得到了母支路112a包括的移相器1121的一次相位调节。
当多个支通路112中的每个支通路112均具有多个输出端时，在一些实施例中，如图5所示，多个支通路112的全部输出端连接的多个天线子阵14可以排列成一排，也可以阵列排布，在此不做具体限定。在一些实施例中，如图7或图8所示，多个支通路112中的每个支通路112连接的多个天线子阵14沿第一方向(也即是图7或图8中的方向X)排列成一个天线子阵列14a，多个支通路112连接的天线子阵列14a沿第二方向(也即是图7或图8中的方向Y)排列，该第一方向与该第二方向垂直。这样一来，多输入多输出天线收发系统输出的窄波束既能够沿第一方向扫描，又能够沿第二方向扫描。其中，第一方向可以为水平方向，也可以为竖直方向，在此不做具体限定。
在一些实施例中，发射通路11包括上混频器，该上混频器也叫调制器，该上混频器用于将发射通路11中传输的发送信号的频率从第一频率转换为第二频率，第一频率小于第二频率。为了使传输至支通路112的全部输出端的发送信号的频率均为第二频率，可以为发射通路11的主通路111包括上混频器，也可以多个支通路112中的每个支通路112均包括上混频器，在此不做具体限定。但是，为了节省成本，在一些实施例中，上混频器包括于发射通路11的主通路111中，这样，可以使传输至支通路112的全部输出端的发送信号的频率均为第二频率，且发射通路11中的上混频器的设置数量较少，第一天线收发模块1的成本较低。
发射通路11还包括功率放大器(power amplifier，PA)1122，该功率放大器1122用于对传输至多个支通路112的全部输出端的发送信号进行功率放大，为了达到此目的，可以为发射通路11的主通路111包括功率放大器1122(如图6所示)，也可以多个支通路112中的每个支通路112均包括功率放大器1122(如图4所示)，在此不做具体限定。
在一些实施例中，如图4所示，多个支通路112中的每个支通路112均包括功率放大器1122；当支通路112包括移相器1121时，该支通路112内的功率放大器1122 的输入端连接于移相器1121的输出端。这样一来，发送信号在支通路112中先经过移相器1121，再经过功率放大器1122，发送信号不会受移相器1121的插入损耗的影响。这样，在发射功率一定的前提下，能够提高发送信号的强度，提升基站的下行覆盖能力，或者，在基站覆盖能力一定的前提下，能够降低发送信号的发送功率，从而降低了能耗。
在一些实施例中，接收通路12包括下混频器，也叫解调器，该下混频器用于将接收通路12中传输的接收信号的频率从第三频率转换为第四频率，第三频率大于第四频率。
在一些实施例中，如图4所示，接收通路12中的每个接收通路12均包括低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)121，LNA能够将天线接收到的微弱信号进行放大，并且在放大信号的过程中降低噪声干扰。
多输入多输出天线收发系统包括的多个天线收发模块中可以一部分为第一天线收发模块1，也可以全部为第一天线收发模块1，在此不做具体限定。
本申请一些实施例还提供了一种第二天线收发模块2，如图10所示，该第二天线收发模块2包括发射通路21、接收通路22、双工器23和天线子阵24。发射通路21包括上混频器和功率放大器211，发射通路21的输入端与处理电路100连接，发射通路21的输出端与双工器23的第一端a连接。双工器23能够将第一端a的输入信号耦合至第三端c输出。接收通路22包括下混频器和低噪声放大器221，接收通路22的输入端与双工器23的第二端b连接，接收通路22的输出端与处理电路100连接。双工器23能够将第三端c的输入信号耦合至第二端b输出。双工器23的第三端c与天线子阵24连接，天线子阵24包括至少一个天线。
由于当多输入多输出天线收发系统包括的多个天线收发模块全部为第一天线收发模块1时，可以尽可能多地减少发射器Tx的数量，节省基站的成本，但是由于发射器Tx的数量减少，导致基站的下行容量降低；而当多输入多输出天线收发系统包括的多个天线收发模块全部为第二天线收发模块2时，可以增大发射器Tx的数量，提高基站的下行容量，但是基站的成本较大，为了同时兼顾基站成本和基站的发射容量，在一些实施例中，如图3所示，多输入多输出天线收发系统包括N个天线收发模块，N个天线收发模块中的M个天线收发模块为第一天线收发模块1，1≤M＜N，其余N-M个天线收发模块为图10所示的第二天线收发模块2，这样，多输入多输出天线收发系统由第一天线收发模块1和第二天线收发模块2两种天线收发模块组成，能够同时兼顾基站成本和基站的发射容量。
在本说明书的描述中，具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种天线收发模块，其特征在于，包括：
    一个发射通路，包括一个主通路和多个支通路，所述主通路具有一个输入端和一个输出端，所述多个支通路中的每个支通路均具有一个输入端和至少一个输出端，所述多个支通路的输入端与所述主通路的输出端连接，每个所述支通路的输出端均用于连接双工器，所述多个支通路中的至少一个支通路包括移相器；
    多个接收通路，所述多个接收通路的数量与所述多个支通路的全部输出端的数量相等，所述多个接收通路中的每个接收通路均具有一个输入端和一个输出端，所述多个接收通路的输入端与所述多个支通路的全部输出端一一对应，所述多个接收通路中的每个接收通路的输入端用于连接所述接收通路的输入端对应的所述支通路的输出端连接的双工器。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线收发模块，其特征在于，还包括：
    多个双工器，所述多个双工器的数量与所述多个支通路的全部输出端的数量相等，所述多个双工器与所述多个支通路的全部输出端一一对应，所述多个双工器中的每个双工器均包括第一端、第二端和第三端，所述双工器用于将所述第一端输入的信号耦合至所述第三端输出，并将所述第三端输入的信号耦合至所述第二端输出，所述多个双工器中的每个双工器的第一端均与所述双工器对应的支通路的输出端连接，所述多个双工器中的每个双工器的第二端均与所述双工器对应的支通路的输出端对应的接收通路的输入端连接，所述多个双工器中的每个双工器的第三端均用于连接天线子阵。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的天线收发模块，其特征在于，还包括：
    多个天线子阵，所述多个天线子阵的数量与所述多个双工器的数量相等，所述多个天线子阵与所述多个双工器一一对应，所述多个天线子阵中的每个天线子阵均包括至少一个天线，所述多个天线子阵中的每个天线子阵均与所述天线子阵对应的双工器的第三端连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线收发模块，其特征在于，所述多个支通路中的每个支通路均具有一个输出端。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的天线收发模块，其特征在于，所述多个天线子阵排列成一排。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的天线收发模块，其特征在于，所述多个支通路中的每个所述支通路均包括移相器，或者，所述多个支通路中除一个支通路之外的其余支通路均包括移相器。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的天线收发模块，其特征在于，所述多个支通路中的每个所述支通路均包括母支路和多个子支路，所述母支路和所述多个子支路中的每个子支路均具有一个输入端和一个输出端，所述母支路的输入端为所述支通路的输入端，所述母支路的输出端与所述多个子支路的输入端连接，所述子支路的输出端为所述支通路的输出端。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的天线收发模块，其特征在于，所述多个支通路中的每个支通路连接的多个天线子阵沿第一方向排列成一个天线子阵列，多个支通路连接的天线子阵列沿第二方向排列，所述第一方向与所述第二方向垂直。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的天线收发模块，其特征在于，所述多个子支路中的每个子支路均包括移相器，或者，所述母支路包括移相器，所述多个子支路中除一个子支路之外的其余子支路均包括移相器。
  10. 根据权利要求1～9中任一项所述的天线收发模块，其特征在于，所述多个支通路中的每个所述支通路均包括功率放大器；
    当支通路包括移相器时，所述支通路内的功率放大器的输入端连接于所述移相器的输出端。
  11. 一种多输入多输出天线收发系统，其特征在于，包括多个天线收发模块，所述多个天线收发模块中的至少一个为权利要求1～10中任一项所述的天线收发模块。
  12. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括权利要求11所述的多输入多输出天线收发系统。
PCT/CN2019/130206 2019-12-30 2019-12-30 一种天线收发模块、多输入多输出天线收发系统和基站 WO2021134366A1 (zh)

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EP19958283.4A EP4057517A4 (en) 2019-12-30 2019-12-30 ANTENNA TRANSCEIVER MODULE, MULTIPLE INPUT/OUTPUT ANTENNA TRANSCEIVER SYSTEM, AND BASE STATION

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