WO2021129661A1 - 空气透平以及发电装置 - Google Patents

空气透平以及发电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021129661A1
WO2021129661A1 PCT/CN2020/138612 CN2020138612W WO2021129661A1 WO 2021129661 A1 WO2021129661 A1 WO 2021129661A1 CN 2020138612 W CN2020138612 W CN 2020138612W WO 2021129661 A1 WO2021129661 A1 WO 2021129661A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
rotor
turbine
air turbine
valve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/138612
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
范景润
Original Assignee
杭州巨浪能源科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201922333473.4U external-priority patent/CN211598911U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201911342757.8A external-priority patent/CN111022245A/zh
Application filed by 杭州巨浪能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 杭州巨浪能源科技有限公司
Publication of WO2021129661A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021129661A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/24Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy to produce a flow of air, e.g. to drive an air turbine
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to an air turbine and a power generation device.
  • the current wave energy development technology (here refers to the conversion of wave energy into electric energy) mainly includes the oscillating float type, the wave-over-wave type and the oscillating water column type.
  • the oscillating float type relies on wave energy to drive the float to transfer the wave energy to the energy conversion device such as a hydraulic motor to achieve power generation;
  • the wave-over type is to guide the wave to a high place, and then let the sea water pass through a low-level hydraulic turbine for energy Conversion, the kinetic energy of seawater is finally converted into electric energy;
  • the oscillating water column type is to convert wave energy into kinetic energy of gas, and then finally convert the kinetic energy of gas into electric energy to realize power generation.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine, which includes an air chamber, an air valve, and a rotor.
  • the air pressure in the air chamber can be adjusted, and the difference between the air pressure in the air chamber and the atmospheric pressure includes a first air pressure difference and a second air pressure difference;
  • the air valve is configured to open under the action of the first air pressure difference to make all
  • the air chamber communicates with the atmosphere to form an air flow, and is closed under the action of the second air pressure difference to isolate the air chamber from the atmosphere.
  • the direction of the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference On the contrary; the rotor is configured to rotate under the drive of the airflow.
  • the air valve includes a valve plate and a rectifier; the valve plate is fixed between the air chamber and the atmosphere, and includes a first plate facing the direction of the air flow And a second plate surface opposite to the first plate surface, wherein the valve plate has a through hole that penetrates the valve plate in a direction from the first plate surface to the second plate surface;
  • the rectifying plate is arranged on the second plate surface of the valve plate, wherein the air pressure in the air chamber is greater than the atmospheric pressure to generate the first air pressure difference, and the rectifying plate is configured to be higher than the atmospheric pressure. Leave the through hole under the action to open the air valve; the air pressure in the air chamber is less than the atmospheric pressure to generate the second air pressure difference, and the rectifier is configured to seal under the action of the second air pressure difference
  • the through hole allows the air valve to be closed.
  • the air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes an air duct.
  • the air duct includes a first end and a second end; the rotor is located in the air duct, and the air valve is located between the air chamber and the air duct.
  • the first end is open to the atmosphere, and the air chamber is connected to the second end of the air duct through the air valve; the air valve is configured to act on the first air pressure difference
  • the air duct is opened downward to make the air duct and the air chamber communicate with each other to form the air flow, and the air duct is closed under the action of the second air pressure difference to isolate the air duct and the air chamber from each other.
  • the rotor is located on the side of the air valve away from the air chamber in the direction of the air flow; the second plate surface faces the rotor, The air flow passes through the air valve and then flows through the rotor, or the first plate surface faces the rotor, and the air flow passes through the rotor and then enters the air chamber through the air valve.
  • the rotor is located on the side of the air valve close to the air chamber in the flow direction of the air flow; the first plate surface faces the rotor, The airflow flows through the rotor and then passes through the air valve, or the second plate surface faces the rotor, and the airflow passes through the air valve and then flows through the rotor.
  • the rectifier includes a first part and a second part connected to each other; the first part is at least partially fixed on the valve plate, and the second part is configured as It leaves the through hole under the action of the first air pressure difference and closes the through hole under the action of the second air pressure difference.
  • the first part and the second part are integrally formed; or, the first part is connected to the second part through a connecting piece.
  • the air guide tube is a straight tube, and the direction from the air valve to the rotor is consistent with the extending direction of the air guide tube.
  • the direction of one part to the second part of the rectifier is perpendicular to the extending direction of the air duct.
  • the material of the rectifier is metal, and the thickness of the rectifier in the direction from the first plate surface to the second plate surface is 1 mm. -3mm; or, the material of the rectifier is rubber or silicone, and the thickness is 1mm-5mm.
  • the valve plate further includes a support frame, the support frame is located in the through hole, and the support frame includes at least a pair of opposite ends. Both are connected to the inner wall of the through hole, and the support frame divides the through hole into a plurality of parts that are not connected to each other.
  • the support frame is in a cross shape or a rice shape.
  • the valve plate has a plurality of the through holes; one of the rectifiers is provided corresponding to each of the plurality of through holes, or, Adjacent n through holes among the plurality of through holes share one rectifier, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the rotor includes a turntable and a plurality of rotating blades.
  • a plurality of rotating blades are arranged on the edge of the turntable around the rotating disk; each of the plurality of rotating blades includes a first surface configured to receive the air flow, and the plurality of rotating blades are configured To rotate under the action of the airflow to drive the turntable to rotate; at least part of the first surface of each of the plurality of rotating blades faces the direction of the airflow.
  • the rotor further includes a first shroud.
  • the first shroud surrounds the plurality of rotating blades and is connected to the plurality of rotating blades; in the direction surrounding the plurality of rotating blades, the first shroud is a closed ring; the first surround
  • the width of the belt in the axial direction of the rotor is greater than or equal to the thickness of the turntable in the axial direction of the rotor, and the axial direction of the rotor is perpendicular to the disk surface of the turntable.
  • the air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a stator, which is fixed in the air duct and is located on one side of the rotor so as to be configured such that the airflow flows through the stator and then flows through the rotor.
  • a stator which is fixed in the air duct and is located on one side of the rotor so as to be configured such that the airflow flows through the stator and then flows through the rotor.
  • the wheel disc includes a central area and the edge area surrounding the central area; a plurality of guide vanes are located in the edge area, arranged around the central area, and configured to guide the airflow to the rotor.
  • the stator further includes a deflector cone.
  • the deflector cone is located on the side of the rotor of the stator away from the rotor, wherein the deflector cone includes a first end and a second end opposite to each other in a first direction, and the first direction extends from The stator to the rotor; the first end of the guide cone is connected with the central area of the wheel of the stator, from the second end of the guide cone to the first end of the guide cone, The size of the cross section of at least part of the flow guide cone in the second direction gradually increases, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the at least part of the diversion cone is cone-shaped, or the at least part of the diversion cone is a part of a sphere.
  • the stator further includes a second shroud that surrounds the plurality of guide vanes and is connected to the plurality of guide vanes, and is connected to the The inner wall of the air guide tube is fixedly connected to fix the stator to the air guide tube; in the direction surrounding the plurality of guide vanes, the second shroud is closed.
  • the guide cone, the stator disc, the second shroud and the plurality of guide vanes are integrally formed.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a power generation device.
  • the power generation device includes an air turbine and a generator.
  • the generator includes a rotating shaft.
  • the rotating shaft of the generator is connected to the rotor and configured to be driven by the rotor. Rotate.
  • the air turbine includes a first air turbine and a second air turbine, and the air chamber of the first air turbine and the second air turbine
  • the air chambers of the turbine are the same common air chamber; the common air chamber is configured to allow liquid to enter therein, and the liquid level of the liquid fluctuates so that the air pressure in the common air chamber can be adjusted.
  • the common air chamber includes a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening, and the liquid enters the common air chamber through the first opening;
  • the air valve of the first air turbine is connected to the second opening, and the air valve of the second air turbine is connected to the third opening; the second opening and the third opening are located in the common
  • the upper side of the air chamber is close to the rotor of the first air turbine and the rotor of the second air turbine, and the first opening is located in the common air chamber away from the first air turbine and the second air turbine.
  • the air valve of the first air turbine is opened to allow the common air chamber and the atmosphere to communicate with each other to form the air flow, and at the same time , The air valve of the second air turbine is closed to isolate the common air chamber from the atmosphere; and the air valve of the second air turbine is opened to make the common air chamber and The atmosphere communicates with each other to form the air flow, and at the same time, the air valve of the first air turbine is closed to isolate the common air chamber from the atmosphere.
  • the rotor of the first air turbine and the rotor of the second air turbine are connected to the same common generator, and the common generator is located in the first air turbine.
  • the shared generator includes a first shaft and a second shaft, the first shaft of the shared generator and the first air turbine The rotor is connected and configured to rotate under the drive of the rotor of the first air turbine, and the second rotating shaft of the common generator is connected with the rotor of the second air turbine and is configured to rotate at the rotor of the second air turbine. Rotation driven by the rotor.
  • the rotor of the first air turbine when the rotor is located on the side of the air valve away from the air chamber in the flow direction of the airflow, the rotor of the first air turbine is located The side of the air valve of the first air turbine is away from the air chamber of the first air turbine, and the rotor of the second air turbine is located on the side of the air valve of the second air turbine away from the second When one side of the air chamber of the air turbine, the first end of the air duct of the first air turbine and the first end of the air duct of the second air turbine are close to each other and located at the Between the second end of the air duct of the first air turbine and the second end of the air duct of the second air turbine.
  • the shared generator includes a fuselage, and the fuselage is located at the first end of the air duct of the first air turbine and the second air Between the first ends of the flat air duct; the first end of the first rotating shaft is connected to the fuselage, and the second end of the first rotating shaft opposite to the first end of the first rotating shaft passes through the guide of the first air turbine
  • the first end of the air pipe is connected to the rotor of the first air turbine; in the case that the second air turbine includes a stator, the stator is fixed in the air duct and located on one side of the rotor It is configured such that the airflow flows through the stator and then flows through the rotor, and includes a wheel disc and a guide cone; the wheel disc includes a central area and an edge area surrounding the central area; the guide cone is located On the side of the wheel of the stator far away from the rotor, the flow guide cone includes a first end and a second end opposite to each other in a
  • the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the first end of the second shaft is connected to the fuselage, and the second shaft
  • the second end opposite to the first end of the second air turbine passes through the guide cone of the second air turbine and the stator of the second air turbine via the first end of the air duct of the second air turbine.
  • the central area of the wheel disc is connected with the rotor of the second air turbine.
  • the power generation device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a sealed bearing installed on the wheel disc of the stator of the second air turbine and nested on the second rotating shaft.
  • the generator includes a first generator and a second generator
  • the first generator includes a first rotating shaft
  • the rotor of an air turbine is connected and configured to rotate under the drive of the rotor of the first air turbine
  • the second generator includes a second rotating shaft
  • the second rotating shaft is connected to the rotor of the second air turbine And it is configured to rotate under the drive of the rotor of the second air turbine.
  • the first generator when the rotor of the first air turbine is located far from the first air valve in the direction of the air flow
  • the first generator includes a first fuselage, and the first fuselage is located on the rotor of the first air turbine away from the air valve of the first air turbine
  • the first end of the shaft of the first generator is connected to the first fuselage, and the second end of the shaft of the first generator opposite to the first end is connected to the first air
  • a flat rotor is connected; when the air turbine includes an air duct, the air duct includes a first end and a second end, the rotor is located in the air duct, and the air valve is located between the air chamber and the air duct.
  • the air valve is configured to be at the first air pressure difference It is opened under the action to make the air duct and the air chamber communicate with each other to form the air flow, and closed under the action of the second air pressure difference to isolate the air duct and the air chamber from each other;
  • the rotor of the second air turbine is located on the side of the air valve of the second air turbine away from the air chamber of the second air turbine, the second generator includes a second body, the second The fuselage is located in the air duct of the second air turbine and between the rotor and the air valve of the second air turbine, and the first end of the shaft of the second generator is connected to the second fuselage Connected, the second end of the shaft of the second generator opposite to the first end is connected to the rotor of the second air turbine, or the rotor of the second air turbine is located in the second air turbine The side of the flat air valve close to the air chamber of
  • the first generator when the rotor of the first air turbine is located at a valve of the first air turbine near the air chamber of the first air turbine Side, the first generator includes a first fuselage, the first fuselage is located between the rotor of the first air turbine and the air valve, and the first end of the rotating shaft of the first generator is connected to the The first fuselage is connected, and the second end of the rotating shaft of the first generator opposite to the first end is connected to the rotor of the first air turbine; the air turbine includes an air duct, the The air duct includes a first end and a second end, the rotor is located in the air duct, the air valve is located between the air chamber and the air duct, and the first end of the air duct is in communication with the atmosphere, The air chamber is connected to the second end of the air duct through the air valve, and the air valve is configured to open under the action of the first air pressure difference so that the air duct and the air chamber are mutually connected.
  • the rotor of the second air turbine is located in the second air
  • the second generator includes a second fuselage, and the second fuselage is located in the air duct of the second air turbine And located on the side of the rotor of the second air turbine away from the air valve, the first end of the shaft of the second generator is connected to the second body, and the shaft of the second generator The second end opposite to the first end is connected to the rotor of the second air turbine, or the rotor of the second air turbine is located far from the second air valve of the second air turbine
  • the second generator includes a second fuselage, and the second fuselage is located in the air duct of the second air turbine and is located in the air duct of the second air turbine.
  • the first end of the shaft of the second generator is connected to the second fuselage, and the second end of the shaft of the second generator opposite to the first end is connected to the first end of the shaft of the second generator.
  • the rotors of the two air turbines are connected.
  • the rotor of the first air turbine includes a first rotor shaft, and one end of the first rotor shaft close to the first shaft has a first bond. Slot, the second end of the first rotating shaft is located in the first keying groove to connect the first rotating shaft with the first rotor rotating shaft; the rotor of the second air turbine includes a second rotor rotating shaft , The end of the second rotor shaft close to the second shaft has a second keying groove, and the second end of the second shaft is located in the second keying groove so that the second shaft is connected to the second keying groove.
  • the second rotor shaft is connected.
  • the air turbine can be used to generate electricity to convert the kinetic energy of the rotor into electrical energy.
  • the fluctuation of the wave liquid level can be used to obtain the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference, so as to finally convert wave energy into electrical energy.
  • the power generation device can quickly react to the pressure difference in real time to generate power, and has a high power generation efficiency.
  • Fig. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the air valve is opened;
  • Fig. 1B is a schematic structural diagram of the air turbine shown in Fig. 1A when the air valve is closed;
  • FIGS. 2A-2B are structural schematic diagrams of an air valve of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2C is a schematic structural diagram of another air valve of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 2D is a schematic structural diagram of another air valve of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 2E is a schematic structural diagram of another air valve of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 2F is a schematic structural diagram of another air valve of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 2G is a schematic structural diagram of a rectifier piece of an air valve of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 3A-3B are structural schematic diagrams of a rotor of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 3C is a schematic structural diagram of a stator of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3D is a schematic structural diagram of the combination of the stator and the guide cone of the air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3E is a schematic diagram of the stator guiding the airflow to the rotor
  • FIG. 3F is a schematic structural diagram of another type of rotor turntable of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 3G-3H are structural schematic diagrams of a rotor shaft and a rotor turntable provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • Fig. 4A is a schematic structural diagram of another air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the air valve is opened;
  • Fig. 4B is a schematic structural diagram of the air turbine shown in Fig. 4A when the air valve is closed;
  • 4C is a schematic structural diagram of yet another air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the air valve is opened;
  • Fig. 4D is a schematic structural diagram of the air turbine shown in Fig. 4C when the air valve is closed;
  • Fig. 4E is a schematic structural diagram of still another air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the air valve is opened;
  • Fig. 4F is a schematic structural diagram of the air turbine shown in Fig. 4E when the air valve is closed;
  • 5A is a schematic diagram of a power generation device in a first power generation state according to an embodiment of the disclosure
  • Fig. 5B is a schematic diagram of the power generating device shown in Fig. 5A in a second power generation state
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram of another power generation device in a first power generation state according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Fig. 6B is a schematic diagram of the power generating device shown in Fig. 6A in a second power generation state
  • Fig. 6C is an enlarged schematic diagram of the installation of the first generator in Fig. 6A;
  • Fig. 6D is an enlarged schematic diagram of the installation of the second generator in Fig. 6A;
  • Figure 6E-6G is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the first generator and the first mounting seat
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of yet another power generation device in a first power generation state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 7B is a schematic diagram of the power generation device shown in Fig. 7A in a second power generation state.
  • Rotor stall refers to the phenomenon that when the pressure difference between the inward and backward surfaces of the rotating blade of the rotor is too large, the airflow in the surface boundary layer of the inward surface of the rotating blade will be converted into turbulence, causing the rotor energy conversion efficiency to drop sharply. Therefore, it is of great significance to design an air turbine that can work stably in the reciprocating airflow generated by an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device and design a power generation device to achieve higher energy conversion efficiency.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine, which includes an air chamber, an air valve, and a rotor.
  • the air pressure in the air chamber can be adjusted, and the difference between the air pressure in the air chamber and the atmospheric pressure includes a first air pressure difference and a second air pressure difference;
  • the air valve is configured to open under the action of the first air pressure difference to make all
  • the air chamber communicates with the atmosphere to form an air flow, and is closed under the action of the second air pressure difference to isolate the air chamber from the atmosphere.
  • the direction of the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference On the contrary; the rotor is configured to rotate under the drive of the airflow.
  • the air turbine can be used to generate electricity to convert the kinetic energy of the rotor into electrical energy.
  • the fluctuation of the wave liquid level can be used to obtain the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference, so as to finally convert wave energy into electrical energy.
  • the power generation device can quickly react to the pressure difference in real time to generate power, and has a high power generation efficiency.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the air valve is open
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic structural diagram of the air turbine shown in FIG. 1A when the air valve is closed.
  • the air turbine includes an air chamber 2, an air valve 3 and a rotor 4.
  • the rotor 4 is located on the side of the air valve 3 away from the air chamber 2, and the rotor 4 is located outside the air chamber 2.
  • the air turbine further includes an air duct 1.
  • the air duct 1 includes a first end 11 and a second end 12, and the first end 11 is in communication with the atmosphere.
  • the air chamber 2 is connected to the second end 12 of the air duct 1, and the air pressure in the air chamber 2 can be adjusted.
  • the air valve 3 is located between the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2. As the air pressure in the air chamber 2 changes, the difference between the air pressure in the air chamber 2 and the atmospheric pressure changes. When the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is greater than the atmospheric pressure, the difference between the air pressure in the air chamber 2 and the atmospheric pressure is positive; when the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is less than the atmospheric pressure, the difference between the air pressure in the air chamber 2 and the atmospheric pressure is negative.
  • the difference between the air pressure in the air chamber 2 and the atmospheric pressure includes the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference, and the directions of the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference are opposite, that is, The positive and negative values of the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference are opposite.
  • the air turbine shown in FIG. 1 the air turbine shown in FIG.
  • the air turbine can realize that the air valve 3 is opened or closed under the action of the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference to realize real-time and rapid control of whether airflow is generated in the air duct to drive the rotor to rotate, so that when the rotor rotates
  • the generated kinetic energy is used for power generation, so as to realize real-time control to convert the kinetic energy of the airflow into the kinetic energy of the rotor; and, during the working process of the air turbine, the air valve 3 of the air turbine is in the first air pressure difference and the first air pressure difference.
  • the air turbine can adapt to the rapid conversion between the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference to achieve higher energy conversion efficiency.
  • the air chamber 2 is configured to allow liquid to enter therein, and the liquid level of the liquid fluctuates so that the air pressure in the air chamber 2 can be adjusted.
  • the liquid is waves such as ocean waves.
  • the air turbine can be used in a power generation device that works in seawater, allowing ocean waves to enter the air chamber 2 to convert the kinetic energy of the ocean waves into the potential energy of the air and the kinetic energy into the kinetic energy of the rotor, and then into electric energy. Realize power generation.
  • the location of the rotor 4 in the air guide tube 1 enables the airflow to be more concentratedly sprayed to the rotor, reduces gas energy loss, improves energy utilization, and improves the power generation efficiency of the power generation device using the air turbine.
  • FIGS. 2A-2B are schematic structural diagrams of an air valve of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the air valve 3 includes a valve plate 31 and a rectifying piece 32.
  • the valve plate 31 is fixedly connected between the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2.
  • the valve plate 31 Since the first end of the air duct 1 is in communication with the atmosphere, that is, the valve plate 31 is fixed between the air chamber 2 and the atmosphere; the valve plate 31 includes a surface facing the air duct 1 The first plate surface 311 and the second plate surface 312 opposite to the first plate surface 311, the valve plate 31 has a through hole 35 penetrating the valve plate 31 in the direction from the first plate surface 311 to the second plate surface; 32 is arranged on the second plate surface 312 of the valve plate 31, the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is greater than the atmospheric pressure to generate a first air pressure difference, and the rectifier 32 is configured to leave the through hole 35 under the action of the first air pressure difference to make The air valve 3 is opened, so that the air guide tube 1 and the air chamber 2 are in communication with each other.
  • the gas in the air chamber 2 enters the air guide tube 1 to form an air flow.
  • the first plate surface 311 faces the direction of the air flow, and the second plate surface faces the rotor 4.
  • a plate surface 311 faces the air chamber, and the air flow passes through the air valve 3 and then flows through the rotor 4, as shown in FIG. 1A; the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is less than the atmospheric pressure to generate a second air pressure difference, and the rectifier 32 is configured to be at the second air pressure difference.
  • the through hole 35 is sealed to close the air valve 3, so that the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2 are isolated from each other, as shown in FIG. 1B.
  • the shape of the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31 is circular.
  • the edge of the valve plate 31 has a connecting hole 36, and the valve plate 31 is connected to the second end 12 of the air duct 1 and the end of the air chamber 2 close to the air duct 2 through the connecting hole 36.
  • the connecting hole 36 is a first threaded hole; the air duct 1 is provided with a second threaded hole at the second end 12; the air chamber 2 is provided with a third threaded hole at the end close to the air duct 2;
  • the threaded hole and the connecting hole 36 are connected with the second threaded hole, so that the valve plate 31 is fixed between the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2; or the valve plate 31 is welded between the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2, and the valve plate 31 can be located inside the air guide tube 1 in contact with the inner wall of the air guide tube 1, or can be located outside the air guide tube 1.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the specific manner of fixing the valve plate 31 between the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2, as long as the valve plate 31 can be fixed between the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2 to achieve the above-mentioned valve 3 Function.
  • the fairing 32 includes a first part 321 and a second part 322 connected to each other.
  • the first part 321 is at least partially fixed to the valve plate 31, for example, an end 323 of the first part 321 away from the second part 322 is fixed to the valve plate 31.
  • the end 323 of the first portion 321 of the rectifier plate 32 away from the second portion 322 has a hole 324 penetrating the rectifier plate.
  • the end of the first part 321 of the sheet 32 away from the second part 322 is fixed on the valve plate 31.
  • the second part 322 is not fixed to the valve plate 31.
  • the material of the rectifier plate 32 is a soft material with a certain degree of flexibility, such as rubber or silica gel.
  • the thickness of the rectifier plate 32 along the direction from the first plate surface 311 to the second plate surface 312 is 1 mm-3 mm.
  • the material of the rectifier plate 32 may also be metal, and the thickness of the rectifier plate 32 in the direction from the first plate surface 311 to the second plate surface 312 is 1 mm-5 mm.
  • the thickness of the rectifier sheet is too thick to open the through hole 35 under the effect of a certain first air pressure difference, and the thickness of the rectifier sheet is too thin to prevent the through hole 35 from being closed under the effect of a certain second air pressure difference.
  • the flexibility and effect of the rectifier to achieve the above-mentioned functions are related to its material and thickness, and within the above-mentioned range, a relatively stable and immediate effect of controlling the opening and closing of the air valve can be achieved.
  • the entire air turbine can be very large or small.
  • the size of the rotor 4 is as large as several meters, and the size of the rotor 4 is as small as ten centimeters.
  • the size of the through hole and the size of the rectifier are designed according to the size of the entire air turbine and the size of the valve plate, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the first part 321 and the second part 322 are integrally formed, that is, the first part 321 and the second part 322 are made of the same material and there is no seam between each other.
  • the first part 321 may also be connected to the second part 322 by a connecting member.
  • the direction from the first part 321 of the rectifier 32 to the second part 322 of the rectifier 32 is the same as the direction from the first end 11 of the air duct 1 to the second end 12 of the air duct 1 Vertical, so that during the working process of the air turbine, the second part 322 of the rectifier 32 sags under the action of gravity to cover the through hole 35.
  • the rectifier 32 is attached to When the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31 closes the through hole 35, the sealing effect is relatively good, and it is also easy to manufacture.
  • the size of the rectifying piece 32 is larger than the size of the through hole 35 so that the rectifying piece can cover the through hole 35 and close the through hole 35 when the air valve 3 is closed.
  • a surplus of 1 cm-4 cm is left around the through hole 35 on the valve plate 31 to ensure the sealing performance of the air chamber when the air valve 3 is closed.
  • the shape 32 of the commutating piece is circular with a diameter of 330 mm
  • the through hole 35 is circular with a diameter of 300 mm.
  • the rectifying piece 32 is rectangular with a length and width of 330mm*330mm
  • the through-hole rectifying piece is rectangular with a length and width of 300mm*300mm, respectively, so that the air valve 3 has a relatively stable control effect.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the size of the rectifier and the through hole.
  • the above data is exemplary.
  • the specific size of the rectifier can be designed according to the size of the hole in the actual application, and the size of the hole can be based on the size of the valve plate and the first The size of the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference is designed.
  • the valve plate 31 further includes a support frame 34 located in the through hole 35.
  • the support frame 34 includes at least one pair of opposite ends, and the at least one pair of ends are connected to each other.
  • the inner wall of the hole 35 is connected, and the support frame 34 divides the through hole 35 into a plurality of parts that are not connected to each other.
  • the support frame 34 divides the through hole 35 into a plurality of four parts that are not connected to each other 351/ 352/353/354.
  • the support frame 34 provides support for the rectifier plate 32 to enhance the stability of the working state of the rectifier plate 32 and ensure the airtightness. The effect is beneficial to prolong the life of the commutating piece 32 at the same time.
  • the supporting frame 34 can be integrally formed with the corresponding part of the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31 to simplify the structure and manufacturing process.
  • the support frame 34 can also be made separately, and the support frame 34 is fixed to the hole wall of the through hole 35 on the valve plate 31 by a fastener such as a nut.
  • the support frame 34 has a cross shape; in the embodiment shown in 2C, the support frame 34 has a cross shape.
  • shape of the support frame 34 is not limited to the types listed above, and the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the shape of the support frame 34.
  • the planar shape of the commutating piece may be a circle, a rectangle, or the like.
  • the planar shape of the first part 321 and the second part 322 is, for example, a rectangle, a semicircle, a fan shape, or the like.
  • the planar shape of the rectifier is not limited to the types listed above, and the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the planar shape of the rectifier.
  • the support frame may not be provided in the through hole 35.
  • the shape of the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31 may also be a rectangle, such as a rectangle with rounded corners.
  • the shape of the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31 is not limited to the types listed above. The above embodiments are only exemplary. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the shape of the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31. Those skilled in the art You can choose according to your needs.
  • the valve plate 31 has a plurality of through holes 35; corresponding to each through hole 35 of the plurality of through holes 35, a rectifying piece 32 is provided. Or, in other embodiments, n adjacent through holes 35 among the plurality of through holes 35 share one rectifier 32, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the provision of multiple through holes 35 is beneficial to make the air flow quickly pass through the air valve and be sprayed onto the stator and rotor when the flow rate of the air flow is large; and, when the size of the air turbine is large, multiple through holes are provided. Compared with a single through hole, the hole is more conducive to the stability and reliability of the operation of the air valve 3.
  • FIGS. 3A-3B are schematic structural diagrams of a rotor of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3C is a schematic structural diagram of a stator of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the rotor 4 includes a turntable 41 and a plurality of rotating blades 44.
  • a plurality of rotating blades 44 are arranged on the edge of the turntable 41 around the turntable 41, for example, a plurality of rotating blades 44 are evenly arranged on the edge of the turntable 41 around the turntable 41, so that the air flow evenly flows through the rotor, so that the rotor rotates stably.
  • Each of the plurality of rotating blades 44 includes a first surface 441 that is configured to receive an air flow, which is when the gas in the air chamber 2 enters the air duct 1 through the through hole 35 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A The resulting airflow.
  • the plurality of rotating blades 44 are configured to rotate under the action of the air flow to drive the turntable 41 to rotate; the first surface 441 of each of the plurality of rotating blades 44 faces the second end 12 of the air guide tube 1, so that the air flow follows from the air guide tube The direction from the second end 12 of 1 to the first end 11 of the air duct 1 flows through the rotor 4.
  • the rotor 4 may further include a first shroud 43 surrounding the plurality of rotating blades 44 and connected to the plurality of rotating blades 44.
  • the first shroud 43 It is a closed ring shape; the width of the first shroud 43 in the axial direction of the rotor 4 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the turntable 41 in the axial direction of the rotor 4, and the axial direction of the rotor 4 is perpendicular to the disk surface of the turntable 41. Therefore, it is ensured that the first shroud 44 covers the entire rotating blade 44, so that the first shroud 43 can better protect the plurality of rotating blades 44 and improve the service life of the rotor 4.
  • the turntable 41 of the rotor 4 is provided with a shaft hole 45.
  • the air turbine also includes a rotor shaft (not shown in Figures 3A and 3B, equivalent to the rotor shaft 46 in Figure 3G).
  • the rotor shaft passes through the shaft hole 45 to be connected to the turntable 41.
  • the shaft hole 45 includes a main body and a main body.
  • a partially penetrating protrusion for example, the main body of the shaft hole 45 has a circular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the axial direction, and the protrusion has a square cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the axial direction, so that the rotor shaft passes through the shaft hole 45 and the turntable 41 Chimera.
  • the rotor shaft is configured such that the rotation of the plurality of rotating blades 44 drives the turntable and the rotor shaft to rotate.
  • FIGS. 3G-3H are schematic structural diagrams of a rotor shaft and a rotor turntable provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the turntable 41 includes a first shaft hole 451 and a second shaft hole 452 that penetrate each other; the rotor 4 further includes a rotor shaft 46, a shaft turntable 47, and a first shaft hole. Bearing 11 and second bearing 12.
  • the rotor shaft 46 is installed in the first shaft hole 451 and includes a first end and a second end opposite to the first end.
  • the first end of the rotor shaft 46 is located on the first side of the shaft turntable 47 away from the stator 5.
  • the rotor shaft The second end of 46 is located on the second side of the rotating disk 47 close to the stator 5.
  • the rotating disk 47 and the rotor rotating shaft 46 are integrally formed.
  • the rotating shaft turntable 47 is located in the second shaft hole 452, is connected to the turntable 41 of the rotor 4 and is configured to rotate under the drive of the turntable 41 of the rotor 4 when the turntable 41 of the rotor 4 rotates.
  • the first bearing 11 is sleeved on the rotor shaft 46 and located on the side of the turntable 41 close to the first end of the rotor shaft 46 to carry and support the turntable 41, the rotor shaft 46 and the shaft turntable 47 of the rotor 4.
  • the second bearing 12 is sleeved on the rotor shaft 46 and is located on the side of the turntable 41 close to the second end of the rotor shaft 46.
  • the first bearing 11 and the second bearing 12 can also share the axial force received by the rotor shaft and the circumferential force perpendicular to the axial direction during the working process, which is beneficial to improve the life of the rotor shaft.
  • the rotor further includes a first collar 463 and a second collar 464.
  • the first collar 463 and the second collar 464 are both fixed to the rotor shaft 46, for example, both are integrally formed with the rotor shaft 46 .
  • the first bearing 11 includes an outer ring and an inner ring located outside the inner ring (the outer side refers to the side of the inner ring away from the rotor shaft 46), and the second bearing 12 includes an outer ring and an inner ring.
  • the first collar 463 is located on the side of the first bearing 11 close to the rotating disk 47, and the surface of the first collar 463 facing the first bearing 11 is in contact with the surface of the inner ring of the first bearing 11 facing the first collar 463 , So that the first collar 463 plays a role in supporting the first bearing 11 and enhancing the protection of the rotor shaft 46;
  • the second collar 464 is located on the side of the second bearing 12 close to the shaft turntable 47, the second collar 464
  • the surface facing the second bearing 12 is in contact with the surface of the inner ring of the second bearing 12 facing the second collar 464, so that the second collar 464 functions to support the second bearing 12 and enhance the protection of the rotor shaft 46.
  • the rotating shaft turntable 47 may also be integrally formed with the turntable 41 of the rotor 4 to simplify the structure of the power generation device.
  • the first end of the rotor shaft 46 has a keying groove 465.
  • the key groove 465 is used to connect with the rotating shaft of the generator, so that the rotating shaft 71 of the generator rotates with the rotation of the rotor shaft.
  • the material of the rotor shaft 46 and the shaft turntable 47 is steel, and the material of the rotor 4 except for the rotor shaft 46 and the shaft turntable 47 is organic material.
  • the rotor shaft made of steel has a large mass, which can increase the moment of inertia of the rotor, so that the speed of the rotor will not immediately rise to a high value when encountering large airflows, thereby improving the stability of the air turbine work, thereby improving the application of the
  • the stability of the power generation of the air turbine power generation device; the use of organic materials in other parts of the rotor can reduce the weight of the power generation device under the premise of ensuring the stable operation of the power generation device, which is convenient for installation and transportation, especially for large-size power generation devices. Reducing weight is conducive to reducing the requirements for installation equipment, which is very critical in engineering practice.
  • the rotating shaft turntable 47 and the turntable 41 are connected by bolts.
  • the turntable 41 includes a bolt hole 453, and the rotating shaft turntable 47 and the turntable 41 are connected by the bolt hole 453, bolts and nuts.
  • the connection manner of the rotating shaft turntable 47 and the turntable 41 is not limited to the above-mentioned manner, as long as the rotating shaft turntable 47 and the rotating shaft 46 can be rotated under the driving of the turntable 41.
  • the air turbine further includes a stator 5, which is fixed in the air duct 1 and located on one side of the rotor 4 so as to be configured such that the airflow flows through the stator 5 and then flows through the rotor 4.
  • the stator 5 includes a wheel 51 and a plurality of guide vanes 52.
  • the wheel 51 includes a central area and an edge area surrounding the central area.
  • the central area of the wheel 51 of the stator 5 includes a first bearing housing 54, and the first bearing 11 is installed in the first bearing housing 54.
  • a plurality of guide vanes 52 are located in the edge area, are arranged around the central area, and are configured to guide the airflow to the rotor 4.
  • the stator 5 plays a guiding role to improve the energy utilization rate of the airflow, so that when the kinetic energy of the rotor is finally converted into electric energy, it is beneficial to provide the conversion efficiency of the energy of the airflow during the whole process.
  • the plurality of guide vanes 52 of the stator 5 are welded in the air guide tube 1, for example welded to the inner wall of the air guide tube 1; or, as shown in FIG. 3C, the stator 5 further includes a second shroud 53 and a second shroud
  • the belt 53 surrounds the plurality of guide vanes 52 and is connected to the plurality of guide vanes 52, and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air guide tube 1 to fix the stator 5 to the air guide tube 1.
  • the first The secondary belt 53 is closed.
  • the second shroud 53 is welded to the inner wall of the air duct 1.
  • Fig. 3D is a structural schematic diagram of the combination of a stator and a guide cone of an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the stator 5 also includes a guide cone 6, and the guide cone 6 is located at the position of the stator 5.
  • the guide cone 6 On the side of the wheel 51 away from the rotor 4, the guide cone 6 includes a first end and a second end opposite to each other in a first direction, and the first direction runs from the stator to the rotor; the first end of the guide cone 6 and The central area of the wheel 51 of the stator 5 is connected, for example, the first end of the guide cone 6 and the central area of the wheel 51 of the stator 5 are connected or integrally formed by welding or threaded connection; from the second end of the guide cone 6 To the first end of the guide cone 6, at least a part of the guide cone 6 has a cross-sectional size in the second direction gradually increasing, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, so as to accelerate the gas flow and improve the gas flow.
  • the kinetic energy increases the kinetic energy of the rotor subsequently obtained, thereby increasing the electric energy obtained by converting the kinetic energy of the rotor into electric energy. Therefore, the utilization rate of gas energy and the energy conversion efficiency of converting gas energy into electric energy can be improved in the whole process.
  • the at least part of the guide cone 6 is cone-shaped, such as a cone or a pyramid, or the at least part of the guide cone 6 is a part of a sphere.
  • the guide cone 6, the disc 51 of the stator 5, the second shroud 53 and the plurality of guide vanes 52 are integrally formed, which is beneficial to simplify the structure and manufacturing process of the air turbine.
  • the materials of the rotor 4, the stator 5, and the guide cone 6 can all be metallic materials, such as corrosion-resistant metals, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc., or organic materials, such as photosensitive resin.
  • the stator can be made by 3D printing.
  • FIG. 3E is a schematic diagram of the stator guiding the airflow to the rotor.
  • the configuration of the plurality of guide vanes 52 of the stator 5 to guide the airflow to the rotor 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A-3B and 3E.
  • the vertical cross-sectional shape of the rotating blade 44 is a crescent shape, and the curvature of one side of the first surface 441 of the rotating blade 44 is larger than the curvature of one side of the second surface 442.
  • the portion of the first surface 441 of each of the plurality of rotating blades 44 close to the stator 5 faces the direction of the air flow.
  • the vertical cross section of the guide vane 52 of the stator 5 is composed of a straight section 522 and a circular arc section 521, and the straight section 522 leads out the airflow in the same direction as the side of the first surface 441 adjacent to it on the rotating blade 44
  • the inflow directions of the airflow are joined together, and the airflow derived from the straight section 522 of the guide vane 52 is guided to the first surface 441 of the rotating vane 44, and the rotating vane 44 rotates under the action of the airflow.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic structural diagram of another air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the valve is opened
  • FIG. 4B is a schematic structural diagram of the air turbine shown in FIG. 4A when the valve is closed.
  • the air turbine shown in FIGS. 4A-4B is different from the air turbine shown in FIGS. 1A-1B as follows.
  • the valve plate 301 is fixedly connected between the air duct 10 and the air chamber 20.
  • the valve plate 301 includes a first plate surface facing the air duct 10 and a second plate surface away from the air duct 10.
  • the first plate faces the rotor 40 and the second plate surface faces the air chamber 20.
  • the valve plate 301 has a through hole (same as the through hole 35 in the previous embodiment) that penetrates the valve plate 301 in the direction from the first plate surface to the second plate surface; the rectifier 302 is provided on the second plate surface of the valve plate 301 Above, the air pressure in the air chamber 20 is less than the atmospheric pressure to generate a first air pressure difference, and the rectifier 302 is configured to leave the through hole under the action of the first air pressure difference to open the air valve 30, so that the air guide tube 10 and the air chamber 20 Connected with each other, the gas in the outside atmosphere enters the air duct 10, flows through the stator 50, the rotor 40 and then enters the air chamber 20 through the through holes to form a gas flow, as shown in FIG.
  • the air pressure in the air chamber 20 is greater than the atmospheric pressure to produce a first Two air pressure differences
  • the rectifier 302 is configured to seal the through hole under the action of the second air pressure difference to close the air valve 30, thereby isolating the air duct 10 and the air chamber 20 from each other, as shown in FIG. 4B.
  • the rotor 40 includes a turntable 41 and a plurality of rotating blades 44.
  • a plurality of rotating blades 44 are arranged on the edge of the rotating disk 41 around the rotating disk 41.
  • Each of the plurality of rotating blades 44 includes a first surface 441 configured to receive the airflow, which is used when the gas in the outside atmosphere enters and guides the airflow.
  • the air pipe 10 is the air flow generated when the air pipe 10 flows through the rotor 40 and then enters the air chamber 20 through the through hole.
  • the plurality of rotating blades 44 are configured to rotate under the action of the airflow to drive the turntable 41 to rotate.
  • the aforementioned first surface 441 of each of the plurality of rotating blades 44 faces the first surface of the air guide tube 10.
  • the air flow passes through the rotor 40 in the direction from the first end 101 of the air guide tube 10 to the second end 102 of the air guide tube 10.
  • the air turbine further includes a sealed bearing 70, which is mounted on the wheel disc of the stator 50 and nested on the rotor shaft.
  • the sealed bearing 70 can prevent part of the gas from passing through the gap between the stator's wheel and the rotor shaft when the air flows through the stator.
  • the guide cone 60 includes a first end 601 and a second end 602.
  • the first end 601 has an opening to allow the generator shaft to penetrate into the guide cone through the opening, so as to pass through the stator 50 and be connected to the rotor 40.
  • the diversion cone 60 is hollow, that is, the diversion cone 60 includes a shell, and there is no filling inside the shell.
  • the inside of the casing of the diversion cone 60 can also be filled with filling materials, such as plastic foam, sponge, etc., and the generator shaft can pass through the filling material, so that the filling material can support, stabilize and protect the power generation that enters the diversion cone.
  • the role of the engine shaft especially when the size of the air turbine is large, for example, reaching the size of several meters, the size of the deflector cone is correspondingly larger at this time, and the generator rotating shaft entering the deflector cone 60 is longer. Support, stability and protection to resist damage to the generator shaft during the vibration of the air turbine at work, and extend the life of the air turbine and the power generation device using the air turbine.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1A-1B, and the previous description can be referred to.
  • Fig. 4C is a schematic structural diagram of another air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the valve is opened
  • Fig. 4D is a schematic structural diagram of the air turbine shown in Fig. 4C when the valve is closed.
  • the air turbine shown in FIGS. 4C-4D has the following differences from the air turbine shown in FIGS. 1A-1B.
  • the air valve 3 is located between the air chamber 2 and the outside atmosphere, for example, at the end of the air chamber 2.
  • the rotor 4 is located on the side of the gas valve 3 close to the gas chamber 2, and the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31 faces the rotor.
  • the rotor 4 is located in the air chamber 2, or, in other embodiments, when the air chamber 2 and the air valve 3 are connected by a pipe, the rotor 4 is located in the pipe.
  • the position of the air chamber can be flexibly set through the pipeline.
  • the valve plate 31 is fixedly connected between the air chamber 2 and the outside atmosphere.
  • the valve plate 31 includes a second plate surface 312 facing the first plate surface 311 facing the first plate surface 311 facing the rotor 4 and a second plate surface 311 opposite to the first plate surface 311.
  • the board surface 312 and the second board surface 312 face the outside atmosphere, for example.
  • the valve plate 31 has a through hole (same as the through hole 35 in the previous embodiment) that penetrates the valve plate 31 in the direction from the first plate surface 311 to the second plate surface 312; On the plate surface 312, when the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is greater than the atmospheric pressure and a first air pressure difference is generated, the rectifier 32 is configured to leave the through hole under the action of the first air pressure difference to open the air valve 3, thereby enabling the air
  • the chamber 2 communicates with the outside atmosphere.
  • the gas in the gas chamber 2 flows through the stator 5 and the rotor 4 and then enters the outside atmosphere through the through holes to form a gas flow, as shown in Figure 4C; when the gas pressure in the gas chamber 2 is less than the atmospheric pressure, it is generated
  • the second air pressure difference, the rectifier piece 32 is configured to be attached to the second plate surface under the action of the second air pressure difference to seal the through hole to close the air valve 3, thereby isolating the air chamber 2 from the outside atmosphere, such as Shown in Figure 4D.
  • connection structure is compact.
  • FIGS. 4C and 4D are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1A-1B, and the previous description can be referred to.
  • Fig. 4E is a schematic structural diagram of another air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the valve is opened
  • Fig. 4F is a schematic structural diagram of the air turbine shown in Fig. 4E when the valve is closed.
  • the air valve 30 is located between the air chamber 20 and the outside atmosphere, for example, at the end of the air chamber 1, and the rotor 40 is located on the side of the air valve 30 close to the air chamber 20.
  • This air turbine is different from the air turbine shown in FIGS. 4C-4D in that the first plate surface 3011 of the valve plate 301 faces the rotor.
  • the rotor 40 is located in the air chamber 20, or, in other embodiments, when the air chamber 120 and the air valve 30 are connected by a pipe, the rotor 40 is located in the pipe, for example, at the end of the pipe.
  • the position of the air chamber can be flexibly set through the pipeline.
  • the valve plate 301 is fixedly connected between the air chamber 20 and the outside atmosphere.
  • the valve plate 301 includes a first plate surface 3011 facing the outside atmosphere and a second plate surface 3012 opposite to the first plate surface 3011.
  • the second plate surface 3012 faces the rotor. 40.
  • the valve plate 301 has a through hole (same as the through hole 35 in the previous embodiment) that penetrates the valve plate 301 in the direction from the first plate surface 3011 to the second plate surface 3012; the rectifier 302 is provided on the second plate 301 On the plate surface 3012, when the air pressure in the air chamber 20 is less than the atmospheric pressure and a first air pressure difference is generated, the rectifier 32 is configured to leave the through hole under the action of the first air pressure difference to open the air valve 3, thereby making the air
  • the chamber 20 and the outside atmosphere are in communication with each other.
  • the gas in the outside atmosphere enters the gas chamber 20 through the through holes to form an air flow.
  • the air flow flows through the stator 50 and the rotor 40 in sequence.
  • the rotating blades of the rotor 40 rotate under the action of the air flow.
  • the rectifier 32 is configured to be attached to the second plate surface 3012 under the action of the second air pressure difference to seal the through hole to The air valve 30 is closed, so that the air chamber 20 and the outside atmosphere are isolated from each other, as shown in FIG. 4F.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a power generation device, which includes any of the air turbines and generators provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the generator includes a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft of the generator is connected to the rotor and configured to rotate under the drive of the rotor. In this way, the power generation device can convert the energy of the generated airflow into electrical energy, and has high power generation efficiency.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a power generation device in a first power generation state according to an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of the power generation device shown in FIG. 5A in a second power generation state.
  • the air turbine includes a first air turbine 1001 and a second air turbine 1002.
  • the rotor of the first air turbine 1001 is located on the side of the air valve 3 away from the air chamber of the first air turbine
  • the first air turbine 1001 includes the air duct 1
  • the rotor 40 of 1002 is located on the side of the air valve 30 away from the air chamber of the second air turbine
  • the second air turbine includes an air guide tube 10.
  • the air chamber 2 of the first air turbine 1001 and the air chamber 20 of the second air turbine 1002 are the same common air chamber 8, that is, the air chamber 2 of the first air turbine 1001 and the air chamber 2 of the second air turbine 1002.
  • the chambers 20 communicate with each other and have the same air pressure.
  • the common air chamber 8 is configured to allow liquid to enter therein, and the liquid level of the liquid fluctuates so that the air pressure in the common air chamber 8 can be adjusted.
  • the liquid entering the common air chamber 8 is waves such as ocean waves.
  • the power generation device can be used to work in sea water, thereby allowing waves to enter the common air chamber 8 to convert the kinetic energy of the waves into the potential energy of the air, and then into the kinetic energy of the airflow, and finally into electric energy to realize power generation.
  • the power generation process of the power generation device will be described by taking the liquid as the ocean wave as an example.
  • the common air chamber 8 includes a first opening 81, a second opening 82, and a third opening 83. Liquid enters the common air chamber 8 through the first opening 81, and the air valve 3 of the first air turbine 1001 communicates with the second opening 82.
  • the air valve 30 of the second air turbine 1002 is in communication with the third opening 83, and the second opening 82 and the third opening 83 are located on the upper side of the common air chamber 8 close to the first air turbine 1001 and the second air turbine 1003 ,
  • the first opening 81 is located on the lower side of the common air chamber 8 away from the first air turbine 1001 and the second air turbine 1002, so that the second opening 82, the third opening 83 of the common air chamber 8 and the first opening are respectively 81 has a height difference, so that when the waves fluctuate up and down, the volume of seawater entering the common air chamber 8 through the common air chamber changes, thereby changing the gas volume of the common air chamber.
  • the air valve 3 of the first air turbine 1001 is opened under the action of the air pressure difference between the air pressure in the common air chamber and the atmospheric pressure (refer to the previous article on the air turbine Described in the embodiment) so that the air duct 1 of the first air turbine 1001 and the common air chamber communicate with each other to form an air flow.
  • the air valve 30 of the second air turbine 1002 is closed to allow the second air to pass through
  • the air duct 10 of the flat 1002 and the common air chamber are isolated from each other; and, as shown in FIG.
  • the air valve 30 of the second air turbine 1002 when the air pressure in the common air chamber is less than the atmospheric pressure, the air valve 30 of the second air turbine 1002 is between the air pressure in the common air chamber and the atmospheric pressure. Under the action of the air pressure difference, the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002 and the common air chamber are opened to form an air flow. At the same time, the air valve 3 of the first air turbine 1001 is closed to make the first air The air duct 1 of the turbine 1001 and the common air chamber are isolated from each other.
  • the first end of the first air duct 1 is in communication with the second opening 82
  • the second end of the first air duct 1 is in communication with the atmosphere
  • the air valve 3 of the first air turbine 1001 is configured In order to open under the action of the first air pressure difference so that the common air chamber 8 communicates with the atmosphere through the first air duct 1 to form an air flow, and close under the action of the second air pressure difference to make the gas in the common air chamber 8 Isolated from the atmosphere.
  • the first end of the second air duct 10 is in communication with the third opening 83, the second end of the second air duct 10 is in communication with the atmosphere, and the air valve 30 of the second air turbine 1002 is configured to be under the action of the first air pressure difference It is opened so that the common air chamber 8 communicates with the atmosphere via the second air duct 10 to form an air flow, and is closed under the action of the second air pressure difference to isolate the gas in the common air chamber 8 from the atmosphere.
  • the first air duct 1 may include a first part 84 close to the common air chamber and a second part far away from the common air chamber, and the first part 84 and the second part may be connected by a flange.
  • the second part of the first air duct 1 may also include a plurality of shorter pipes connected to each other by flanges, as can be seen in Figs. 5A and 5B.
  • the second air duct 10 may include a first part 85 close to the common air chamber and a second part far away from the common air chamber, and the first part 85 and the second part may be connected by a flange.
  • the first part 84 of the first air duct 1 and the first part 85 of the second air duct 10 may be curved, so as to flexibly set the position of the generator.
  • the first end 11 of the air duct 1 of the first air turbine 1001 and the first end 110 of the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002 are close to each other and located at the second end of the air duct 1 of the first air turbine 1001. Between the end 12 and the second end 120 of the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002, in order to provide the following common generator between the first end 11 and the first end 110.
  • the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 and the rotor 4 of the second air turbine 1002 are connected to the same common generator 7, and the common generator 7 is located in the first air turbine.
  • the shared generator 7 includes a first shaft 71 and a second shaft 72, the first shaft 71 of the shared generator 7 and the rotor 40 of the first air turbine 1001
  • the rotor 4 is connected and configured to rotate under the drive of the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 to drive the generator to generate electricity
  • the second rotating shaft 72 of the common generator 7 is connected to the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002 and is configured as Driven by the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002, it rotates to drive the generator to generate electricity.
  • the same common generator 7 is connected to the first air turbine 1001 and the second air turbine 1002 for bidirectional power generation, which is beneficial to make the power generation device compact, simplify the structure of the power generation device, and reduce the volume of the power generation device. This reduces the floor space, facilitates installation and transportation, and saves production costs.
  • the first part 84 of the first air duct 1 and the first part 85 of the second air duct 10 may be curved, which facilitates the realization of the first end 11 of the air duct 1 of the first air turbine 1001 and the second air turbine 1002.
  • the first ends 110 of the air duct 10 are close to each other, thereby facilitating the installation of a common generator 7.
  • the curved tube is also conducive to saving space while forming the same volume of the common air chamber.
  • the air chamber 2 of the first air turbine 1001 and the air chamber 20 of the second air turbine 1002 can also be straight and tubular. Those skilled in the art can determine the position and direction of the first air turbine and the second air turbine. Design.
  • the first part 84 of the first air duct 1 and the first part 85 of the second air duct 10 can be welded to the common air chamber 8, or can be integrally formed with the common air chamber 8 to simplify the manufacturing process.
  • the materials of the first air duct 1, the second air duct 10 and the common air chamber 8 can all be metallic materials, such as corrosion-resistant metals, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc., or organic materials, such as photosensitive resin. .
  • the second opening 82 and the third opening 83 are respectively located on the first side and the second side intersecting the upper side of the common air chamber 8, as long as the second opening 82 and the third opening 83 are respectively connected to the It is only necessary that the first opening 81 has a height difference.
  • the shared generator 7 further includes a fuselage 73, which is located between the first end 11 of the air duct 1 of the first air turbine 1001 and the first end 110 of the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002;
  • the first end of the first rotating shaft 71 is connected to the fuselage 73, and the second end of the first rotating shaft 71 opposite to the first end of the first rotating shaft 71 is connected to the first air turbine through the first end 11 of the air duct 1 of the first air turbine 1001.
  • the rotor 4 of 1001 is connected; the first end of the second rotating shaft 72 is connected to the fuselage 73, and the second end of the second rotating shaft 72 opposite to the first end passes through the first end 110 of the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002
  • the central area of the wheel disk passing through the guide cone 60 of the second air turbine 1002 and the stator 50 of the second air turbine 1001 in turn is connected to the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002.
  • the end of the rotor shaft 46 close to the first shaft 71 has a keying groove 465, and the second end of the first shaft 71 is located in the keying groove 465 so as to be connected to the rotor shaft 46, so that the first shaft 71 follows the direction of the rotor shaft.
  • the first bearing 11 and the second bearing 12 also bear the gravity of the first shaft 71 to reduce the first shaft 71 and the rotor shaft 46.
  • the first bearing 11 and the second bearing 12 can also share the axial force received by the first rotating shaft 71 and the circumferential force perpendicular to the axial direction during the working process, which is beneficial to prevent the first rotating shaft 71 from being damaged due to the force and improve The life of the first shaft 71.
  • the damage of the first rotating shaft 71 is a serious problem in the working process of the power generating device.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure can greatly reduce the damage of the first rotating shaft 71, reduce this problem, extend the life of the generator shaft, and improve the reliability of the power generating device.
  • the connection mode of the second rotating shaft 72 and the rotor 40 is the same as the connection mode of the first rotating shaft 71 and the rotor 4.
  • first rotating shaft 71 and the rotor rotating shaft are integrally formed to be the same shaft.
  • the guide cone 60 of the second air turbine 1002 has a symmetry axis in the extending direction of the second rotation shaft 72, and the second rotation shaft 72 passes through the guide cone 60 along the symmetry axis of the guide cone 60 so as to flow through
  • the airflow reaching the rotor 40 after the guide cone 60 is more uniform, and the operation of the rotor is more stable, so that the power generation device generates more stable power.
  • the power generating device includes a sealed bearing 70 installed on the wheel of the stator 50 of the second air turbine 1002 and nested on the second rotating shaft 72.
  • the sealed bearing 70 can prevent part of the gas from passing through the gap between the wheel of the stator and the second rotating shaft when the air flows through the stator.
  • the power generation test of the power generation device shown in Fig. 5A was carried out in the laboratory. During the experiment, a water wave is created, which fluctuates in the air chamber to change the air pressure in the air chamber. During the experiment of the present disclosure, the waves in the wave period, wave height, etc. all refer to the parameters of the water wave.
  • the test conditions are as follows.
  • the generator is a 60V alternator, and three loads of suitable resistance, 12V battery, and 24V battery are connected to the generator to charge the 12V battery and 24V battery respectively. Under different wave height and cycle conditions, the rotation speed of the rotor of the air turbine is different, so the power generation of the generator is different.
  • the electricity generated by the generator is connected to the sliding rheostat as the power source, and the resistance of the sliding rheostat is adjusted.
  • the resistance of the sliding rheostat is that It is suitable resistance.
  • the parameters of regular waves include: wave period (the time interval for a wave to propagate from one crest or trough to the next crest or trough) 2.45s, wave height (the difference between the crest and trough when the liquid level fluctuates) The height difference) is about 150mm, and multiple tests are performed under each condition.
  • the test data is shown in Table 1.
  • the power generation efficiency is defined as the ratio between the power generated by the generator and the wave power acting on the wave energy absorbing device.
  • Table 1 Test data table 1 in the case of regular waves
  • Table 1 show that the overall power generation efficiency is relatively high, all above 30%, even reaching above 50%. When a suitable resistor is connected, the power generation efficiency is the highest, reaching 54.46%. When charging a 12V battery, the power generation efficiency is also higher. So choose to connect a 12V battery for the test, and the power generation test under different cycles, the test results are shown in Table 2.
  • Wave power W Wave height mm Wave period s Wave power W effectiveness% 10.73 180.6 2.550 51.05 21.01 12.76 174.6 2.547 47.57 26.83 17.06 179.1 2.553 55.53 30.73 18.70 182.8 2.548 57.91 32.29 20.34 187.7 2.554 58.44 34.80 40.77 246.0 2.550 106.79 38.18 37.98 250.4 2.546 114.55 33.16 37.75 256.3 2.549 115.51 32.68
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram of another power generation device in a first power generation state provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram of the power generation device shown in FIG. 6A in a second power generation state.
  • the power generation device shown in FIGS. 6A-6B and the power generation device shown in FIGS. 5A-5B have the following differences.
  • the power generation device includes a first air turbine and a second air turbine.
  • the second end 12 of the air duct 1 of the first air turbine and the second end 120 of the air duct 10 of the second air turbine are close to each other and located in the first air. Between the first end 11 of the air duct 1 of the turbine and the first end 110 of the air duct 10 of the second air turbine.
  • the air duct 1 of the first air turbine and the common air chamber 8 are opened to communicate with each other to form an air flow.
  • the air valve 30 of the second air turbine is closed to The air duct 10 of the second air turbine and the common air chamber are isolated from each other.
  • the generator includes a first generator and a second generator.
  • the first generator includes a first rotating shaft 71.
  • the first rotating shaft 71 is connected to the rotor of the first air turbine 1001. 4 is connected and configured to rotate under the drive of the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001
  • the second generator includes a second rotating shaft 72, the second rotating shaft 72 is connected to the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002 and is configured to rotate
  • the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002 rotates under the drive, so that the kinetic energy of the rotor of the first air turbine and the kinetic energy of the rotor of the first air turbine are converted into electrical energy through the first generator and the second generator, respectively. Power generation.
  • the first generator further includes a first body 731
  • the power generating device further includes a first protective cover 751 that covers the first body 731.
  • the first protective cover 751 covers the first body 731 and is installed on the first mounting seat 9.
  • the first mounting seat 9 and the first protective cover 751 are hermetically connected to seal the generator in a space to prevent the generator from being corroded by rain, sea water, fog, etc.
  • the first body 731 is located in the air duct 1 of the first air turbine 1001 and between the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 and the air valve 3 of the first air turbine 1001, and the first rotating shaft of the first generator
  • the first end of 71 is connected to the first fuselage 731, and the second end of the first rotating shaft 71 of the first generator opposite to the first end is connected to the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001;
  • the second generator also includes The second fuselage 732 and the first protective cover 752 covering the second fuselage 732, the second fuselage 732 is located outside the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002, and the first of the second rotating shaft 72 of the second generator
  • the end is connected to the second fuselage 732, and the second end of the second rotating shaft 72 of the second generator opposite to the first end extends into the second air turbine through the second end of the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002
  • the air duct 10 of 1002 is connected to the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002.
  • two generators are respectively connected to the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 to generate electricity and are connected to the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002 to generate electricity.
  • the first rotating shaft 71 and The second rotating shaft 72 is connected to the rotor without passing through the stator, which facilitates the connection between the rotating shaft of the generator and the rotor, reduces the difficulty of the manufacturing process, and is beneficial to the yield and production efficiency.
  • the specific connection manners of the first rotating shaft 71 and the rotor 4 and the second rotating shaft 72 and the rotor 40 can refer to the description in the previous embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • Fig. 6C is an enlarged schematic diagram of the installation of the first generator in Fig. 6A
  • Fig. 6D is an enlarged schematic diagram of the installation of the second generator in Fig. 6A
  • the first generator further includes a first mounting seat 9.
  • the body 731 of the first generator is mounted on the first mounting seat 9, so that the body 731 of the first generator passes through the first mounting seat. 9 is fixed. At this time, there is no need to set a bracket to support it, which simplifies the structure of the power generation device.
  • the first mounting base 9 is fixedly connected to the first air duct 1, and the fixed connection is, for example, welding or bolt connection.
  • the second generator further includes a second mounting base 90, which is fixedly connected to the second air duct 10, and the fixed connection method is as described above. Therefore, the fuselage 732 of the first generator is fixed by the first mounting base 9. At this time, there is no need to provide a bracket to support it, which simplifies the structure of the power generation device, and this reduces the installation of the second generator. The required space facilitates the placement of the body 732 of the second generator in the second air duct 10.
  • Fig. 6E is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the first generator and the first mounting base.
  • the first mounting base 9 includes a generator shaft through hole and several bolt holes located in the center area of the first generator.
  • the positions of the openings on the flange of a generator close to the first mounting base are the same.
  • the specific installation method of the generator is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can perform the installation according to conventional techniques in the art.
  • the first rotating shaft 71 of the first generator passes through the generator rotating shaft through hole and then enters the first air guide tube 1 through the second end of the first air guide tube 1 and is connected to the rotor 4.
  • the central part of the first mounting base 9 is provided with a generator installation slot 92 and a generator shaft through hole.
  • the generator is installed in the generator installation groove 92, for example, the first shaft 71 is located in the generator installation groove 92; the first shaft 71 Enter the first air duct 1 through the through hole of the generator shaft.
  • Figures 6E and 6F show the first side of the first mounting seat 9, and Figure 6G shows the second side of the first mounting seat 9 opposite to its first side, and the second side is provided with a second bearing Seat 94, the second bearing is mounted on the second bearing seat 94.
  • the first mounting seat 9 is fixedly connected to the first end of the first air duct 1.
  • the fixed connection is, for example, welding or bolt connection.
  • the fixed connection is, for example, welding or bolt connection.
  • the first mounting seat 9 is equivalent to a flange
  • the connection between the first mounting seat 9 of the generator and the first air duct 1 is flange connection.
  • those skilled in the art can refer to conventional technologies, which are not limited in the embodiments of the disclosure.
  • the generator mounting base 9 has an air hole 91, and the gas in the first air duct 1 is discharged through the air outlet 91 or air in the atmosphere enters the first air duct 1 through the air hole 91, and then enters the common air chamber.
  • the air hole 91 is located on the outside of the generator protective cover, so that the above-mentioned gas can pass through the air hole 91 to ensure that the gas in the air duct can be discharged smoothly or the gas in the atmosphere can enter the air duct and enter the air chamber while avoiding rainwater and seawater. Enter the airway.
  • the power generating device further includes a first support structure 131 and a second support structure 132.
  • the first support structure 131 is connected to the first air guide tube 1 and is configured to support the first air guide tube 1 and carry the first air guide tube 1, the rotor and stator of the first air turbine, and the gravity of the first generator.
  • the first supporting structure 132 is connected to the second air guide tube 10 and is configured to support the second air guide tube 10 and carry the second air guide tube 10, the rotor and stator of the second air turbine, and the gravity of the second generator.
  • FIGS. 6A-6B are the same as those in FIGS. 5A-5B, and reference may be made to the previous description.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of another power generation device in a first power generation state according to an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of the power generation device shown in FIG. 7A in a second power generation state.
  • the power generation device shown in FIGS. 7A-7B and the power generation device shown in FIGS. 5A-5B have the following differences. As shown in FIGS.
  • the rotor 4 of the first air turbine is located on the side of the air valve 3 of the first air turbine close to the air chamber of the first air turbine
  • the first generator includes a first body 731
  • the first body 731 is located between the rotor 4 of the first air turbine and the air valve 3, the first end of the first rotating shaft 71 is connected to the first body 731, and the first end of the first rotating shaft 71 is opposite to its first end.
  • the two ends are connected with the rotor 4 of the first air turbine; the rotor 40 of the second air turbine is located on the side of the air valve 30 of the second air turbine close to the air chamber of the second air turbine, and the second generator includes The second fuselage 732, the second fuselage 732 is located on the side of the rotor 40 of the second air turbine away from the air valve 30, the first end of the shaft 72 of the second generator is connected to the second fuselage 732, the second The second end of the rotating shaft 72 of the generator opposite to the first end is connected to the rotor 40 of the second air turbine.
  • the specific connection mode of the first rotating shaft 71 and the rotor 4 and the specific connection mode of the rotating shaft 72 of the second generator and the rotor 40 which will not be repeated here.
  • the rotor 4 of the first air turbine and the first generator are located in the first air duct 1
  • the rotor 40 of the second air turbine and the second generator are located in the first Inside the second air duct, this facilitates the installation of the first generator and the second generator, and makes the mechanism of the power generating device compact and saves space.
  • the air valve 3 of the first air turbine is closed to isolate the common air chamber from the outside atmosphere; and, as shown in Figure 7B, when the air pressure in the common air chamber is greater than At atmospheric pressure, the air valve 3 of the first air turbine is opened under the action of the air pressure difference between the air pressure in the common air chamber and the atmospheric pressure, so that the air duct 1 of the first air turbine and the common air chamber 8 communicate with each other to form an air flow.
  • the air valve 30 of the second air turbine is closed to isolate the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002 from the common air chamber.
  • the first rotating shaft 71 of the first generator is connected to the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 and is configured to rotate under the drive of the rotor 4 of the first air turbine.
  • the second rotating shaft 72 of the second generator is connected to the rotor 40 of the second air turbine and is configured to rotate under the drive of the rotor 40 of the second air turbine, so that the first generator and the second generator separate the first
  • the kinetic energy of the rotor 4 of the air turbine and the kinetic energy of the rotor 40 of the second air turbine are converted into electrical energy to realize power generation.
  • the above-mentioned air turbines can be combined.
  • the rotor of the first air turbine is located on the side of the air valve of the first air turbine close to the air chamber of the first air turbine
  • the first generator includes a first body
  • the fuselage is located on the side of the rotor of the first air turbine away from the air valve.
  • the first end of the rotating shaft of the first generator is connected to the first fuselage, and the second end of the rotating shaft of the first generator is opposite to the first end.
  • the end is connected to the rotor of the first air turbine, that is, the first air turbine on the right side in FIG.
  • the second generator includes a second fuselage.
  • the second fuselage is located between the rotor of the second air turbine and the air valve.
  • the first end of the shaft of the second generator is connected to the second machine.
  • the second end of the shaft of the second generator opposite to the first end is connected to the rotor of the second air turbine, that is, the second air turbine on the left side in FIG. 6A.
  • the first generator when the rotor of the first air turbine is located on the side of the air valve of the first air turbine away from the air chamber of the first air turbine, the first generator includes the first body, The first fuselage is located on the side of the rotor of the first air turbine far away from the air valve of the first air turbine. The first end of the rotating shaft of the first generator is connected to the first fuselage. The second end opposite to the first end is connected to the rotor of the first air turbine, that is, the power generating device includes the first air turbine on the right side in FIG. 6A; the rotor of the second air turbine is located on the air turbine of the second air turbine. The side of the valve close to the air chamber of the second air turbine.
  • the second generator includes a second fuselage.
  • the second fuselage is located on the side of the rotor of the second air turbine away from the valve of the second air turbine.
  • the first end of the shaft of the second generator is connected with the second fuselage, and the second end of the shaft of the second generator opposite to the first end is connected with the rotor of the second air turbine, that is, the power generating device includes Figure 7A The second air turbine on the center left.
  • the number of air turbines is not limited, and the above embodiment takes two air turbines as an example.
  • three or four air turbines provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be included.
  • the common air chamber has openings communicating with three or four air turbines.
  • the power generation device may include a plurality of air turbines provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and the air chambers of the plurality of air turbines are not connected to each other.
  • the air valves of a plurality of air turbines may be directly connected to the corresponding air chambers, or they may be connected to the corresponding air chambers through connecting pipes.
  • the power generation device including a first air turbine and a second air turbine Take the power generation device including a first air turbine and a second air turbine as an example.
  • the difference between the power generation device in this embodiment and the power generation device in the above embodiments is that the air chamber of the first air turbine and the air chamber of the second air turbine are two air chambers that are not connected to each other, for example, the first air chamber.
  • the air chamber and the second air chamber, the first air chamber and the second air chamber are respectively configured to allow liquid to enter therein, and the liquid level of the liquid in the first air chamber fluctuates so that the air pressure in the first air chamber can be adjusted, and the second air chamber The liquid level of the liquid in the chamber fluctuates so that the air pressure in the second air chamber can be adjusted.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the number of air turbines and the number of air chambers that are not connected to each other.
  • the features and technical effects of other structures of the power generating device of this embodiment are the same as those in the previous embodiment, and the previous description can be referred to.

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Abstract

一种空气透平以及发电装置,该空气透平包括气室(2)、气阀(3)和转子(4)。气室(2)内的气压可调节,气室(2)内的气压与大气压的差包括第一气压差和第二气压差;气阀(3)配置为在第一气压差的作用下打开以使气室(2)与大气相互连通而形成气流,且在第二气压差的作用下关闭以使气室(2)与大气相互隔绝,第一气压差和第二气压差的方向相反;转子(4)配置为在气流的驱动下旋转。该空气透平可用于将转子(4)的动能转化为电能,可利用波浪液面的波动来获得第一气压差和第二气压差,从而最终将波浪能转化为电能,应用该空气透平的发电装置能够实时地对气压差进行迅速反应而进行发电,具有较高的发电效率。

Description

空气透平以及发电装置
本申请要求于2019年12月23日递交的中国专利申请第201911342757.8号的优先权以及于2019年12月23日递交的中国专利申请第201922333473.4号的优先权,在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开至少一实施例涉及一种空气透平以及发电装置。
背景技术
目前的波浪能开发技术(这里指将波浪能转换为电能)主要包括振荡浮子式、越浪式和振荡水柱式。通常,振荡浮子式依靠波浪能来推动浮子运动从而将波浪能传递到液压马达等能量转化装置而实现发电;越浪式是将波浪引到高处,然后让海水通过低处的水轮机来进行能量转换,最终将海水的动能转换为电能;振荡水柱式是将波浪能转换成气体的动能,再将气体的动能最终转化成电能而实现发电。
发明内容
本公开至少一实施例提供一种空气透平,该空气透平包括气室、气阀和转子。所述气室内的气压可调节,所述气室内的气压与大气压的差包括第一气压差和第二气压差;气阀配置为在所述第一气压差的作用下打开以使所述气室与大气相互连通而形成气流,且在所述第二气压差的作用下关闭以使所述气室与大气相互隔绝,所述第一气压差和所述第二气压差的方向相反;转子配置为在所述气流的驱动下旋转。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,所述气阀包括阀板和整流片;阀板固定于所述气室与大气之间,包括面向所述气流的来向的第一板面和与所述第一板面相对的第二板面,其中,所述阀板上具有沿从所述第一板面到所述第二板面的方向贯通所述阀板的通孔;整流片设置在所述阀板的第二板面上,其中,所述气室内的气压大于大气压而产生所述第一气压差,所述整流片配置为在所述第一气压差的作用下离开所述通孔以使所述气阀打开;所述气室内的气压小于大气压而产生所述第二气压差,所述整流片配置为在所述第二气压差的作用下封住所述通孔以使所述气阀关闭。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平还包括导气管,导气管包括第一端和第二端;所述转子位于所述导气管中,所述气阀位于所述气室与所述导气管之间;所述第一端与大气相通,所述气室通过所述气阀连接到所述导气管的第二端;所述气阀配置为在所述第一气压差的作用下打开以使所述导气管和所述气室相互连通而形成所述气流,且在所述第二气压差的作用下关闭以使所述导气管和所述气室相互隔绝。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,在所述气流的流向上所述转子位于所述气阀的远离所述气室的一侧;所述第二板面面向所述转子,所述气流通过所述气阀后流经所述转子,或者,所述第一板面面向所述转子,所述气流流经所述转子后通过所述气阀进入所述气室。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,在所述气流的流向上所述转子位于所述气阀的靠近所述气室的一侧;所述第一板面面向所述转子,所述气流流经所述转子后通过所述气阀,或者,所述第二板面面向所述转子,所述气流通过所述气阀之后流经所述转子。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,所述整流片包括彼此连接的第一部分和第二部分;所述第一部分至少部分固定于所述阀板上,所述第二部分配置为在所述第一气压差的作用下离开所述通孔且在所述第二气压差的作用下封闭所述通孔。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,所述第一部分和所述第二部分一体成型;或者,所述第一部分通过连接件与所述第二部分连接。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,所述导气管为直管,从所述气阀到所述转子的方向与所述导气管的延伸方向一致,从所述整流片的第一部分到整流片的第二部分的方向与所述导气管的延伸方向垂直。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,所述整流片的材料为金属,所述整流片的在沿从所述第一板面到所述第二板面方向上的厚度为1mm-3mm;或者,整流片的材质为橡胶或硅胶,厚度为1mm-5mm。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,所述阀板还包括支撑架,支撑架位于通孔中,所述支撑架包括至少一对彼此相对的端部,该至少一对端部均与所述通孔的内壁连接,所述支撑架把所述通孔分割为多个彼此不连通的部分。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,所述支撑架为十字形或米字形。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,所述阀板具有多个所述通孔;对应于多个所述通孔中的每个通孔均设置一个所述整流片,或者,多个所述通孔中相邻的n个通孔共用一个所述整流片,n为大于等于2的正整数。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,所述转子包括转盘和多个转动叶片。多个转动叶片围绕所述转盘设置于所述转盘的边缘上;所述多个转动叶片的每个包括第一面,所述第一面配置为迎接所述气流,所述多个转动叶片配置为在所述气流的作用下旋转以带动所述转盘旋转;所述多个转动叶片的每个的第一面的至少部分朝向所述气流的来向。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,所述转子还包括第一围带。第一围带围绕所述多个转动叶片且与所述多个转动叶片连接;在围绕所述多个转动叶片的方向上,所述第一围带是封闭的环状;所述第一围带的在所述转子的轴向上的宽度大于等于转盘的在转子的轴向上的厚度,所述转子的轴向垂直于所述转盘的盘面。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平还包括静子,静子固定于所述导气管中,位于所述转子的一侧以配置为所述气流流经所述静子之后再流经所述转子,且包括轮盘和多个 导流叶片。轮盘包括中心区域和所述围绕中心区域的边缘区域;多个导流叶片位于所述边缘区域,围绕所述中心区域排列,且配置为将所述气流导向所述转子。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,所述静子还包括导流锥。导流锥位于所述静子的轮盘的远离所述转子的一侧,其中,所述导流锥包括在第一方向上彼此相对的第一端和第二端,所述第一方向沿从所述静子到所述转子;所述导流锥的第一端与所述静子的轮盘的中心区域连接,从所述导流锥的第二端到所述导流锥的第一端,所述导流锥的至少部分在第二方向上的截面的尺寸逐渐增大,所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,所述导流锥的所述至少部分为锥状,或者,所述导流锥的所述至少部分为球体的一部分。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,所述静子还包括第二围带,第二围带围绕所述多个导流叶片且与所述多个导流叶片连接,与所述导气管的内壁固定连接以将所述静子固定于所述导气管;在围绕多个导流叶片的方向上,第二围带是封闭的。
例如,本公开一实施例提供的空气透平中,所述导流锥、所述静子的轮盘、所述第二围带和所述多个导流叶片一体成型。
本公开至少一实施例还提供一种发电装置,发电装置包括空气透平和发电机,所述发电机包括转轴,所述发电机的转轴与所述转子连接且配置为在所述转子的驱动下转动。
例如,在本公开至少一实施例提供的发电装置中,所述空气透平包括第一空气透平和第二空气透平,所述第一空气透平的所述气室和所述第二空气透平的所述气室为同一共用气室;所述共用气室配置为允许液体进入其中,且所述液体的液面波动以使得所述共用气室内的气压可调节。
例如,在本公开至少一实施例提供的发电装置中,所述共用气室包括第一开口、第二开口和第三开口,所述液体经由所述第一开口进入所述共用气室;所述第一空气透平的气阀连接到所述第二开口,所述第二空气透平的气阀连接到所述第三开口;所述第二开口和所述第三开口位于所述共用气室的靠近所述第一空气透平的转子和所述第二空气透平的转子的上侧,所述第一开口位于所述共用气室的远离所述第一空气透平和所述第二空气透平的下侧。
例如,在本公开至少一实施例提供的发电装置中,所述第一空气透平的所述气阀打开以使所述共用气室与所述大气相互连通而形成所述气流,与此同时,所述第二空气透平的所述气阀关闭以使所述共用气室于所述大气相互隔绝;并且所述第二空气透平的所述气阀打开以使所述共用气室与所述大气相互连通而形成所述气流,与此同时,所述第一空气透平的所述气阀关闭以使所述共用气室于所述大气相互隔绝。
例如,在本公开至少一实施例提供的发电装置中,所述第一空气透平的转子和所述第二空气透平的转子连接到同一共用发电机,所述共用发电机位于所述第一空气透平的转子和所述第二空气透平的转子之间;所述共用发电机包括第一转轴和第二转轴,所述共用发电机的第一转轴与所述第一空气透平的转子连接且配置为在第一空气透平的转子的驱动 下转动,并且所述共用发电机的第二转轴与所述第二空气透平的转子连接且配置为在第二空气透平的转子的驱动下转动。
例如,在本公开至少一实施例提供的发电装置中,当在所述气流的流向上所述转子位于所述气阀的远离所述气室的一侧所述第一空气透平的转子位于所述第一空气透平的气阀的远离所述第一空气透平的气室的一侧且第二空气透平的转子位于所述第二空气透平的气阀的远离所述第二空气透平的气室的一侧时,所述第一空气透平的所述导气管的第一端和所述第二空气透平的所述导气管的第一端彼此靠近且位于所述第一空气透平的所述导气管的第二端和所述第二空气透平的所述导气管的第二端之间。
例如,在本公开至少一实施例提供的发电装置中,所述共用发电机包括机身,所述机身位于所述第一空气透平的导气管的第一端与所述第二空气透平的导气管的第一端之间;第一转轴的第一端与所述机身连接,所述第一转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端经由所述第一空气透平的导气管的第一端与所述第一空气透平的转子连接;在所述第二空气透平包括静子的情况下,所述静子固定于所述导气管中,位于所述转子的一侧以配置为所述气流流经所述静子之后再流经所述转子,且包括轮盘和导流锥;所述轮盘包括中心区域和围绕所述中心区域的边缘区域;所述导流锥位于所述静子的轮盘的远离所述转子的一侧,所述导流锥包括在第一方向上彼此相对的第一端和第二端,所述第一方向沿从所述静子到所述转子;所述导流锥的第一端与所述静子的轮盘的中心区域连接,从所述导流锥的第二端到所述导流锥的第一端,所述导流锥的至少部分在第二方向上的截面的尺寸逐渐共用增大,所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向,所述第二转轴的第一端与所述机身连接,所述第二转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端经由所述第二空气透平的导气管的第一端依次穿过所述第二空气透平的导流锥、所述第二空气透平的静子的轮盘的中心区域与所述第二空气透平的转子连接。
例如,在本公开至少一实施例提供的发电装置还包括密封轴承,密封轴承安装于所述第二空气透平的静子的轮盘上并嵌套在所述第二转轴上。
例如,在本公开至少一实施例提供的发电装置中,所述发电机包括第一发电机和第二发电机,所述第一发电机包括第一转轴,所述第一转轴与所述第一空气透平的转子连接且配置为在第一空气透平的转子的驱动下转动,所述第二发电机包括第二转轴,所述第二转轴与所述第二空气透平的转子连接且配置为在第二空气透平的转子的驱动下转动。
例如,在本公开至少一实施例提供的发电装置中,当在所述气流的流向上所述第一空气透平的转子位于所述第一空气透平的气阀的远离所述第一空气透平的气室的一侧时,所述第一发电机包括第一机身,所述第一机身位于所述第一空气透平的转子的远离所述第一空气透平的气阀的一侧,所述第一发电机的转轴的第一端与所述第一机身连接,所述第一发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与所述第一空气透平的转子连接;在所述空气透平包括导气管时,所述导气管包括第一端和第二端,所述转子位于所述导气管中,所述气阀位于所述气室与所述导气管之间;所述第一端与大气相通,所述气室通过所述气阀连接 到所述导气管的第二端;所述气阀配置为在所述第一气压差的作用下打开以使所述导气管和所述气室相互连通而形成所述气流,且在所述第二气压差的作用下关闭以使所述导气管和所述气室相互隔绝;所述第二空气透平的转子位于所述第二空气透平的气阀的远离所述第二空气透平的气室的一侧,所述第二发电机包括第二机身,所述第二机身位于所述第二空气透平的导气管中且位于所述第二空气透平的转子与气阀之间,所述第二发电机的转轴的第一端与所述第二机身连接,所述第二发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与所述第二空气透平的转子连接,或者,所述第二空气透平的转子位于所述第二空气透平的气阀的靠近所述第二空气透平的气室的一侧,所述第二发电机包括第二机身,所述第二机身位于所述第二空气透平的导气管中且位于所述第二空气透平的转子的远离所述第二空气透平的气阀的一侧,所述第二发电机的转轴的第一端与所述第二机身连接,所述第二发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与所述第二空气透平的转子连接。
例如,在本公开至少一实施例提供的发电装置中,当所述第一空气透平的转子位于所述第一空气透平的气阀的靠近所述第一空气透平的气室的一侧时,所述第一发电机包括第一机身,所述第一机身位于所述第一空气透平的转子与气阀之间,所述第一发电机的转轴的第一端与所述第一机身连接,所述第一发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与所述第一空气透平的转子连接;在所述空气透平包括导气管,所述导气管包括第一端和第二端,所述转子位于所述导气管中,所述气阀位于所述气室与所述导气管之间,所述导气管的第一端与大气相通,所述气室通过所述气阀连接到所述导气管的第二端,所述气阀配置为在所述第一气压差的作用下打开以使所述导气管和所述气室相互连通而形成所述气流,且在所述第二气压差的作用下关闭以使所述导气管和所述气室相互隔绝时,所述第二空气透平的转子位于所述第二空气透平的气阀的靠近所述第二空气透平的气室的一侧,所述第二发电机包括第二机身,所述第二机身位于所述第二空气透平的导气管内且位于所述第二空气透平的转子的远离所述气阀的一侧,所述第二发电机的转轴的第一端与所述第二机身连接,所述第二发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与所述第二空气透平的转子连接,或者,所述第二空气透平的转子位于所述第二空气透平的气阀的远离所述第二空气透平的气室的一侧,所述第二发电机包括第二机身,所述第二机身位于所述第二空气透平的导气管内且位于所述第二空气透平的转子与气阀之间,所述第二发电机的转轴的第一端与所述第二机身连接,所述第二发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与所述第二空气透平的转子连接。
例如,在本公开至少一实施例提供的发电装置中,所述第一空气透平的转子包括第一转子转轴,所述第一转子转轴的靠近所述第一转轴的一端具有第一键合槽,所述第一转轴的第二端位于所述第一键合槽中以使所述第一转轴与所述第一转子转轴连接;所述第二空气透平的转子包括第二转子转轴,所述第二转子转轴的靠近所述第二转轴的一端具有第二键合槽,所述第二转轴的第二端位于所述第二键合槽中以使所述第二转轴与所述第二转子转轴连接。
该空气透平可用于发电将转子的动能转化为电能,例如可利用波浪液面的波动来获得第一气压差和第二气压差,从而最终将波浪能转化为电能,应用该空气透平的发电装置能够实时地对气压差进行迅速反应而进行发电,具有较高的发电效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施例,而非对本发明的限制。
图1A为本公开一实施例提供的一种空气透平在气阀打开状态下的结构示意图;
图1B为图1A所示的空气透平在气阀关闭状态下的结构示意图;
图2A-2B为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的一种气阀的结构示意图;
图2C为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的另一种气阀的结构示意图;
图2D为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的又一种气阀的结构示意图;
图2E为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的再一种气阀的结构示意图;
图2F为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的另一种气阀的结构示意图;
图2G为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的气阀的一种整流片的结构示意图;
图3A-3B为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的转子的结构示意图;
图3C为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的静子的结构示意图;
图3D为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的静子与导流锥结合的结构示意图;
图3E为静子将气流导向转子的示意图;
图3F为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的另一种转子的转盘的结构示意图;
图3G-3H为本公开一实施例提供的转子转轴和转子转盘的结构示意图;
图4A为本公开一实施例提供的另一种空气透平在气阀打开状态下的结构示意图;
图4B为图4A所示的空气透平在气阀关闭状态下的结构示意图;
图4C为本公开一实施例提供的又一种空气透平在气阀打开状态下的结构示意图;
图4D为图4C所示的空气透平在气阀关闭状态下的结构示意图;
图4E为本公开一实施例提供的再一种空气透平在气阀打开状态下的结构示意图;
图4F为图4E所示的空气透平在气阀关闭状态下的结构示意图;
图5A为本公开一实施例提供的一种发电装置在第一发电状态下的示意图;
图5B为图5A所示的发电装置在第二发电状态下的示意图;
图6A为本公开一实施例提供的另一种发电装置在第一发电状态下的示意图;
图6B为图6A所示的发电装置在第二发电状态下的示意图;
图6C是图6A中的第一发电机安装的放大示意图;
图6D是图6A中的第二发电机安装的放大示意图;
图6E-6G为第一发电机与第一安装座的配合示意图;
图7A为本公开一实施例提供的又一种发电装置在第一发电状态下的示意图;
图7B为图7A所示的发电装置在第二发电状态下的示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例的附图,对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另作定义,此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本发明专利申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性,而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同,而不排除其他元件或者物件。“内”、“外”、“上”、“下”等仅用于表示相对位置关系,当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后,则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
本公开中的附图并不是严格按实际比例绘制,各个结构的具体地尺寸可根据实际需要进行确定。本公开中所描述的附图仅是结构示意图。
目前的振荡水柱式波浪能发电设备中,空气透平的能量转化效率相对较低,或者空气透平的转子容易失速,噪声较大。转子失速是指在转子的转动叶片的迎气面和背气面压差过大时,转动叶片迎气面的表面边界层内的气流会转换成湍流,造成转子能量转换效率急剧下降的现象。因此,设计一种能够在振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置所产生的往复气流中稳定工作的空气透平以及设计一种发电装置以实现较高的能量转化效率具有重要意义。
本公开至少一实施例提供一种空气透平,该空气透平包括气室、气阀和转子。所述气室内的气压可调节,所述气室内的气压与大气压的差包括第一气压差和第二气压差;气阀配置为在所述第一气压差的作用下打开以使所述气室与大气相互连通而形成气流,且在所述第二气压差的作用下关闭以使所述气室与大气相互隔绝,所述第一气压差和所述第二气压差的方向相反;转子,配置为在所述气流的驱动下旋转。
该空气透平可用于发电将转子的动能转化为电能,例如可利用波浪液面的波动来获得第一气压差和第二气压差,从而最终将波浪能转化为电能,应用该空气透平的发电装置能够实时地对气压差进行迅速反应而进行发电,具有较高的发电效率。
示例性地,图1A为本公开一实施例提供的一种空气透平在气阀打开状态下的结构示意图,图1B为图1A所示的空气透平在气阀关闭状态下的结构示意图。如图1A和图1B所示,该空气透平包括气室2、气阀3和转子4。转子4位于气阀3的远离气室2的一侧,转子4位于气室2外。例如,空气透平还包括导气管1,导气管1包括第一端11和第二端12,第一端11与大气相通。气室2连接到导气管1的第二端12,气室2内的气压可调节。气阀3位于导气管1和气室2之间。随着气室2内的气压变化,气室2内的气压与大气压 的差发生变化。当气室2内的气压大于大气压时,气室2内的气压与大气压的差的值为正;当气室2内的气压小于大气压时,气室2内的气压与大气压的差的值为负。即,气室2内的气压与大气压的差气室2内的气压与大气压的差包括第一气压差和第二气压差,第一气压差和第二气压差的方向相反,也即第一气压差和第二气压差的数值的正负性相反。例如,在图1A所示的空气透平中,当气室2内的气压大于大气压时产生第一气压差,在该第一气压差的作用下气阀3打开以使导气管1和气室2相互连通而形成气流;当气室2内的气压小于大气压时产生第二气压差,在该第二气压差的作用下气阀3关闭以使导气管1和气室2相互隔绝。转子4位于导气管1内,且配置为在该气流的驱动下旋转。从而,该空气透平能够实现气阀3在第一气压差和第二气压差的作用下打开或关闭以实现实时快速控制是否在导气管中产生气流以驱动转子转动,以使转子转动时产生的动能用于发电,从而实现实时控制将气流的动能转化为转子的动能;并且,在该空气透平的工作过程中,由于该空气透平的气阀3在第一气压差和第二气压差的作用下即可打开或关闭,从而不需要人工手动打开或关闭气阀3,也不需要经历判断气室2内的气压与大气压的大小关系后再决定气阀3打开或关闭的程序,因此,该空气透平能适应第一气压差和第二气压差之间的快速转换,实现较高的能量转换效率。例如,气室2配置为允许液体进入其中,且液体的液面波动以使得气室2内的气压可调节。例如,该液体为波浪例如海浪。从而,该空气透平可用于在海水中工作的发电装置中,从而允许海浪进入气室2内,以将海浪的动能转化为空气的势能及动能再转化为转子的动能,再转化为电能而实现发电。转子4位于导气管1内能够使得气流比较集中地喷向转子,减少气体能量损失,提高能量利用率,从而提高采用该空气透平的发电装置的发电效率。
图2A-2B为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的一种气阀的结构示意图,例如,结合1A和图2A-2B,气阀3包括阀板31和整流片32。阀板31固定连接在导气管1和气室2之间,由于导气管1的第一端与大气相通,即阀板31固定于气室2与大气之间;阀板31包括面向导气管1的第一板面311和与第一板面311相对的第二板面312,阀板31上具有沿从第一板面311到第二板面的方向贯通阀板31的通孔35;整流片32设置在阀板31的第二板面312上,气室2内的气压大于大气压而产生第一气压差,整流片32配置为在第一气压差的作用下离开通孔35以使气阀3打开,从而使导气管1和气室2相互连通,气室2中的气体进入导气管1而形成气流,第一板面311面向气流的来向,第二板面面向转子4,第一板面311面向气室,气流通过气阀3后流经转子4,如图1A所示;气室2内的气压小于大气压而产生第二气压差,整流片32配置为在第二气压差的作用下封住通孔35以使气阀3关闭,从而使导气管1和气室2相互隔绝,如图1B所示。
例如,在图2A-2B所示的实施例中,阀板31的第一板面311的形状为圆形。阀板31的边缘处具有连接孔36,通过连接孔36将阀板31与导气管1的第二端12以及气室2的靠近导气管2的一端连接。例如连接孔36为第一螺纹孔;导气管1的位于第二端12的位置设有第二螺纹孔;气室2的靠近导气管2的一端设有第三螺纹孔;通过螺栓将第一螺纹 孔、连接孔36与第二螺纹孔连接,从而实现将阀板31固定于导气管1与气室2之间;或者,阀板31焊接于导气管1与气室2之间,阀板31可以位于导气管1内与导气管1的内壁接触,也可以位于导气管1外。本公开实施例对将阀板31固定于导气管1与气室2之间的具体方式不作限定,只要能实现阀板31固定于导气管1与气室2之间以实现气阀3的上述功能即可。
例如,整流片32包括彼此连接的第一部分321和第二部分322。第一部分321至少部分固定于阀板31上,例如,第一部分321的远离第二部分322的一端323被固定在阀板31上。例如,如图2G所示,整流片32的第一部分321的远离第二部分322的一端323具有贯穿整流片的孔324,如图2A所示,通过穿过孔324的紧固件325将整流片32的第一部分321的远离第二部分322的一端固定于阀板31上。第二部分322不固定与阀板31上,在自然状态下(在气室2内的气压与大气压相等的情况下,即整流片32的面向气室2的一侧和面向导气管1的一侧的气压相等的情况下)下垂而贴合于阀板31的第一板面311,从而,当气室2内的气压大于大气压而产生第一气压差时,第二部分322在第一气压差的作用下离开通孔35,即朝向导气管1运动而离开通孔35,从而使气室2内的气体能够通过通孔35进入导气管1,从而产生沿从气室2到导气管1的方向流动的气流。并且,当气室2内的气压小于大气压而产生第二气压差时,第二部分322在第二压差的作用下受沿从第一板面311到第二板面方向的压力作用而贴合于阀板31的第一板面311,从而,此时整流片32封闭通孔35以使导气管1和气室2相互隔绝。
例如整流片32的材料为软质材料,具有一定的柔韧度,例如橡胶或硅胶等,整流片32的在沿从第一板面311到第二板面312方向上的厚度为1mm-3mm。例如,整流片32的材料也可以为金属,整流片32的在沿从第一板面311到第二板面312方向上的厚度为1mm-5mm。整流片的厚度太厚不利于其在一定的第一气压差的作用下打开通孔35,整流片的厚度太薄不利于其在一定的第二气压差的作用下封闭通孔35。整流片实现其上述功能的灵活度以及效果与其材料及厚度相关,在上述范围内能够实现较稳定的即时实现控制气阀打开与关闭的效果。整个空气透平可以做到很大或者很小。大到转子4的尺寸为数米,小到转子4的尺寸为十几厘米。通孔的大小以及整流片的大小根据整个空气透平的尺寸以及阀板的大小进行设计,本公开实施例对此不作限定。
例如,在图2A-2B所示的实施例中,第一部分321和第二部分322一体成型,即第一部分321和第二部分322由同一材料制成且彼此之间没有接缝。当然,在其他实施例中,第一部分321也可以通过连接件与第二部分322连接。
例如,如图2A-2B所示,从整流片32的第一部分321到整流片32的第二部分322的方向与从导气管1的第一端11到导气管1的第二端12的方向垂直,以利于在空气透平工作过程中,整流片32的第二部分322在重力作用下下垂以覆盖通孔35,相比于其他的情况,该实施例中,当整流片32贴合于阀板31的第一板面311以封闭通孔35时,密封效果相对较好,也便于制作。
整流片32的尺寸大于通孔35的尺寸,以使得在气阀3关闭状态下整流片能够覆盖通孔35而封闭通孔35。例如,在阀板31上通孔35的周围留有1cm-4cm的盈余,以确保气阀3关闭状态下对气室的密封性。例如,整流片的形状32为圆形,直径330mm,通孔35为圆形,直径为300mm。或者,整流片32为矩形,长和宽为330mm*330mm,通孔整流片为矩形,长和宽分别为300mm*300mm,以使气阀3具有较稳定的控制效果。本公开实施例对整流片和通孔的尺寸不作限定,上述数据是示例性的,整流片的具体尺寸可根据实际应用中根据孔的大小进行设计,孔的大小可根据阀板的大小以及第一气压差和第二气压差的大小进行设计。
例如,如图2A-2B所示,阀板31还包括支撑架34,支撑架34位于通孔35中,支撑架34包括至少一对彼此相对的端部,该至少一对端部均与通孔35的内壁连接,支撑架34把通孔35分割为多个彼此不连通的部分,例如在本实施例中,支撑架34把通孔35分割为多个彼此不连通的四个部分351/352/353/354。如此,当整流片32在第二压力差的作用下贴合于阀板31且封闭通孔35时,支撑架34给整流片32提供支撑以增强整流片32工作状态的稳定性,保证密闭的效果,同时利于延长整流片32的寿命。
例如,支撑架34可与阀板31的第一板面311所对应的部分一体成型,以简化结构和制作工艺。或者,支撑架34也可以单独制作,通过紧固件例如螺母将支撑架34固定于阀板31上的通孔35的孔壁上。
例如,在图2A-2B所示的实施例中,支撑架34为十字形;在2C所示的实施例中,支撑架34为米字形。当然,支撑架34的形状不限于上述列举的类型,本公开实施例对支撑架34的形状不作限定。
例如,整流片的平面形状可以为圆形、矩形等。相应地,第一部分321和第二部分322的平面形状例如为矩形、半圆形、扇形等。当然,整流片的平面形状不限于上述列举的类型,本公开实施例对整流片的平面形状不作限定。
例如,如图2D所示,在一个实施例中,通孔35中也可以不设置支撑架。
例如,如图2E所示,阀板31的第一板面311的形状也可以为矩形,例如圆角矩形。阀板31的第一板面311的形状不限于上述列举的类型,上述实施例仅是示例性的,本公开实施例对阀板31的第一板面311的形状不作限定,本领域技术人员可根据需要进行选择。
例如,如图2F所示,阀板31具有多个通孔35;对应于多个通孔35中的每个通孔35均设置一个整流片32。或者,在其他实施例中,多个通孔35中相邻的n个通孔35共用一个整流片32,n为大于等于2的正整数。设置多个通孔35的情况有利于在所述气流的流量较大时使气流迅速地通过气阀进而喷射到静子以及转子上;并且,在空气透平的尺寸较大时,设置多个通孔相比于单一通孔更有利于气阀3运行的稳定性和可靠性。
图3A-3B为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的转子的结构示意图,图3C为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的静子的结构示意图。结合图1A-1B和图3A-3B,转子4包括转盘41和多个转动叶片44。多个转动叶片44围绕转盘41设置于转盘41的边缘上,例如多个 转动叶片44围绕转盘41均匀设置于转盘41的边缘上,以使气流均匀地流经转子,使转子转动稳定,产生的动能稳定,从而后续利用该动能发电效率相对稳定。多个转动叶片44的每个包括第一面441,第一面441配置为迎接气流,该气流为在图1A所示实施例中当气室2中的气体通过通孔35进入导气管1时所产生的气流。多个转动叶片44配置为在该气流的作用下旋转以带动转盘41旋转;多个转动叶片44的每个的第一面441面向导气管1的第二端12,从而该气流沿从导气管1的第二端12到导气管1的第一端11的方向流经转子4。
例如,如图3A所示,转子4还可以包括第一围带43,围绕多个转动叶片44且与多个转动叶片44连接,在围绕多个转动叶片44的方向上,第一围带43是封闭的环状;第一围带43的在转子4的轴向上的宽度大于等于转盘41的在转子4的轴向上的厚度,转子4的轴向垂直于转盘41的盘面。从而,保证第一围带44包覆整个转动叶片44,以使第一围带43能够较好地保护多个转动叶片44,提高转子4的寿命。
例如,转子4的转盘41上设置有轴孔45。空气透平还包括转子转轴(图3A和图3B未示出,相当于图3G中的转子转轴46),转子转轴穿过轴孔45从而与转盘41连接,例如轴孔45包括主体和与主体部分贯通的突起,例如轴孔45的主体在垂直于轴向方向上的截面形状为圆形,突起在垂直于轴向方向上的截面形状为方形,从而转子转轴通过该轴孔45与转盘41嵌合。且转子转轴配置为多个转动叶片44的转动驱动转盘与转子转轴转动。
图3F为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的另一种转子的结构示意图,图3G-3H为本公开一实施例提供的转子转轴和转子转盘的结构示意图。结合图1B和图3F-3H,在另一个实施例中,例如,转盘41包括彼此贯通的第一轴孔451和第二轴孔452;转子4还包括转子转轴46、转轴转盘47、第一轴承11和第二轴承12。转子转轴46安装于第一轴孔451中且包括第一端和与该第一端相对的第二端,转子转轴46的第一端位于转轴转盘47的远离静子5的第一侧,转子转轴46的第二端位于转轴转盘47的靠近静子5的第二侧。例如转轴转盘47与转子转轴46一体成型。例如,转轴转盘47位于第二轴孔452中,与转子4的转盘41连接且配置为当转子4的转盘41转动时在转子4的转盘41的驱动下转动。第一轴承11套设于转子转轴46上,位于转盘41的靠近转子转轴46的第一端的一侧,以起到承载和支撑转子4的转盘41、转子转轴46以及转轴转盘47的作用。第二轴承12套设于转子转轴46上,位于转盘41的靠近转子转轴46的第二端的一侧。第一轴承11和第二轴承12还能够在工作过程中分担转子转轴受到的轴向力和与轴向垂直的周向力,利于提高转子转轴的寿命。
例如,如图3G所示,转子还包括第一轴环463和第二轴环464,第一轴环463和第二轴环464均固定与转子转轴46上,例如均与转子转轴46一体成型。第一轴承11包括外环和位于内环的外侧的内环(该外侧是指内环的远离转子转轴46的一侧),第二轴承12包括外环和内环。第一轴环463位于第一轴承11的靠近转轴转盘47的一侧,第一轴环463的面向第一轴承11的面与第一轴承11的内环的面向第一轴环463的面接触,从而第一轴 环463起到支撑第一轴承11且增强对转子转轴46的保护的作用;第二轴环464位于第二轴承12的靠近转轴转盘47的一侧,第二轴环464的面向第二轴承12的面与第二轴承12的内环的面向第二轴环464的面接触,从而第二轴环464起到支撑第二轴承12且增强对转子转轴46的保护的作用。
例如,在一个实施例中,转轴转盘47也可以与转子4的转盘41一体成型,以简化发电装置的结构。
例如,如图3H所示,转子转轴46的第一端具有键合槽465。当该空气透平应用于发电机中时,键合槽465用于与发电机的转轴连接,以实现发电机的转轴71随转子转轴的转动而转动。
例如,转子转轴46和转轴转盘47的材料为钢材,转子4的除转子转轴46和转轴转盘47之外的部分的材料为有机材料。用钢材制造的转子转轴的质量大,可以提升转子的转动惯量,使转子在遇到大气流时转速不会立马升到很高的值,从而提升空气透平工作的稳定性,从而提高应用该空气透平的发电装置发电的稳定性;转子的其他部分采用有机材料可在保证发电装置工作稳定的前提下,减轻所述发电装置的重量,便于安装和运输,尤其对于大尺寸的发电装置,减轻重量有利于减小对安装设备的要求,这一点在工程实际中十分关键。
例如,在一个实施例中,转轴转盘47与转盘41通过螺栓连接。例如,转盘41包括螺栓孔453,转轴转盘47与转盘41通过螺栓孔453和螺栓以及螺母连接。当然,转轴转盘47与转盘41的连接方式不限于上述方式,只要能够实现转轴转盘47与转轴46在转盘41的驱动下转动即可。
结合图1A-1B和图3C,空气透平还包括静子5,静子5固定于导气管1中,位于转子4的一侧以配置为所述气流流经静子5之后再流经转子4。并且,静子5包括轮盘51和多个导流叶片52,轮盘51包括中心区域和围绕中心区域的边缘区域。如图3C所示,在静子5的面向转子的第一侧,静子5的轮盘51的中心区域的包括第一轴承座54,第一轴承11安装于第一轴承座54中。多个导流叶片52位于边缘区域,围绕中心区域排列,且配置为将所述气流导向转子4。如此,静子5发挥导流作用,以提高气流的能量的利用率,从而在最终利用转子的动能转化成电能的情况下,有利于提供整个过程的中将气流的能量转化为转换效率。
例如,静子5的多个导流叶片52被焊接于导气管1内,例如焊接于导气管1的内壁上;或者,如图3C所示,静子5还包括第二围带53,第二围带53围绕多个导流叶片52且与多个导流叶片52连接,与导气管1的内壁固定连接以将静子5固定于导气管1,在围绕多个导流叶片52的方向上,第二围带53是封闭的。例如第二围带53焊接于导气管1的内壁上。
图3D为本公开一实施例提供的空气透平的静子与导流锥结合的结构示意图,结合图1A-1B和图3D,静子5还包括导流锥6,导流锥6位于静子5的轮盘51的远离转子4的 一侧,导流锥6包括在第一方向上彼此相对的第一端和第二端,第一方向沿从静子到转子;导流锥6的第一端与静子5的轮盘51的中心区域连接,例如导流锥6的第一端与静子5的轮盘51的中心区域采用焊接或螺纹连接实现连接或一体成型;从导流锥6的第二端到导流锥6的第一端,导流锥6的至少部分在第二方向上的截面的尺寸逐渐增大,第二方向垂直于第一方向,以起到加速气流的作用,提高气体的动能,从而提高后续获得的转子的动能,从而提高利用转子的动能转化为电能所获得的电能,因此,能够提高这整个过程中气体能量的利用率和将气体能量转化为电能的能量转换效率。例如,导流锥6的该至少部分为锥状,例如圆锥状或棱锥状,或者,导流锥6的该至少部分为球体的一部分。
例如,导流锥6、静子5的轮盘51、第二围带53以及多个导流叶片52一体成型,利于简化空气透平的结构及制备工艺。
例如,转子4、静子5的材料和导流锥6的材料均可以为金属材料,例如耐腐蚀金属,例如铝、铝合金、不锈钢等,也可以为有机材料,例如为光敏树脂,这种情况下,可采用3D打印的方式制作静子。
图3E为静子将气流导向转子的示意图,结合图3A-3B和图3E对静子5的多个导流叶片52配置为将所述气流导向转子4进行说明。转动叶片44的竖向截面形状为新月形,并且转动叶片44的第一面441的一侧弯曲的弧度比第二面442的一侧弯曲的弧度大。多个转动叶片44的每个的第一面441的靠近静子5的部分朝向气流的来向。静子5的导流叶片52的竖向截面由一段直线段522以及一段圆弧段521组成,并且其直线段522导出气流的方向与转动叶片44上与之相邻的第一面441的一侧的气流流入方向相接合,从导流叶片52的直线段522导出的气流被导向转动叶片44的第一面441,转动叶片44在该气流的作用下转动。
图4A为本公开一实施例提供的另一种空气透平在气阀打开状态下的结构示意图,图4B为图4A所示的空气透平在气阀关闭状态下的结构示意图。图4A-4B所示的空气透平与图1A-1B所示的空气透平具有如下区别。如图4A-4B所示,阀板301固定连接在导气管10和气室20之间,阀板301包括面向导气管10的第一板面和远离导气管10的第二板面,第一板面面向转子40,第二板面面向气室20。阀板301上具有沿从第一板面到第二板面的方向贯通阀板301的通孔(同之前实施例中的通孔35);整流片302设置在阀板301的第二板面上,气室20内的气压小于大气压而产生第一气压差,整流片302配置为在第一气压差的作用下离开通孔以使气阀30打开,从而使导气管10和气室20相互连通,外界大气中的气体进入导气管10,依次流经静子50、转子40后通过通孔进入气室20而形成气流,如图4A所示;气室20内的气压大于大气压而产生第二气压差,整流片302配置为在第二气压差的作用下封住通孔以使气阀30关闭,从而使导气管10和气室20相互隔绝,如图4B所示。
在图4A所示的实施例中,转子4的具体结构如图3A和3B所示,可参考之前的描述。转子40包括转盘41和多个转动叶片44。多个转动叶片44围绕转盘41设置于转盘41的 边缘上,多个转动叶片44的每个包括第一面441,第一面441配置为迎接气流,该气流为当外界大气中的气体进入导气管10、流经转子40后通过通孔进入气室20时所产生的气流。多个转动叶片44配置为在该气流的作用下旋转以带动转盘41旋转在图4A所示的实施例中,多个转动叶片44的每个的上述第一面441面向导气管10的第一端101,从而该气流沿从导气管10的第一端101到导气管10的第二端102的方向流经转子40。
例如,如图4A和4B所示,空气透平还包括密封轴承70,密封轴承70安装于静子50的轮盘上并嵌套在转子转轴上。该密封轴承70能够防止气流流经静子时一部分气体通过静子的轮盘与转子转轴之间的缝隙损失。
导流锥60包括第一端601和第二端602,第一端601具有开口,便于允许发电机转轴经该开口穿进导流锥内部,从而穿过静子50与转子40连接。例如导流锥60是中空的,即导流锥60包括壳体,壳体内部无填充。例如,导流锥60的壳体内部也可以填充有填充材料,例如塑料泡沫、海绵等,发电机转轴可穿过填充材料,从而填充材料起到支撑、稳固和保护进入导流锥内部的发电机转轴的作用,尤其当空气透平的尺寸较大是,例如达到几米级别的尺寸,此时导流锥的尺寸也相应较大,进入到导流锥60内的发电机转轴较长,需要支撑、稳固和保护,以抵御空气透平在工作时的振荡中,发电机转轴受到的损伤,延长空气透平以及应用该空气透平的发电装置的寿命。
图4A和图4B所示的空气透平的其他特征及技术效果均与图1A-1B所示的相同,可参考之前的描述。
图4C为本公开一实施例提供的另一种空气透平在气阀打开状态下的结构示意图,图4D为图4C所示的空气透平在气阀关闭状态下的结构示意图。图4C-4D所示的空气透平与图1A-1B所示的空气透平具有如下区别。如图4C-4D所示,气阀3位于气室2与外界大气之间,例如位于气室2的端部。转子4位于气阀3的靠近气室2的一侧,阀板31的第一板面311面向转子。例如,转子4位于气室2内,或者,在其他实施例中,当气室2与气阀3之间通过管道连接时,转子4位于该管道中。可以通过该管道灵活地设置气室的位置。阀板31固定连接在气室2和外界大气之间,阀板31包括第二板面312面向第一板面311面向转子4的第一板面311和与第一板面311相对的第二板面312,第二板面312例如面向外界大气。阀板31上具有沿从第一板面311到第二板面312的方向贯通阀板31的通孔(同之前实施例中的通孔35);整流片32设置在阀板31的第二板面312上,当气室2内的气压大于大气压而产生第一气压差时,整流片32配置为在第一气压差的作用下离开通孔以使气阀3打开,从而使气室2和外界大气相互连通,气室2中的气体依次流经静子5、转子4后通过通孔进入外界大气而形成气流,如图4C所示;当气室2内的气压小于大气压而产生第二气压差,整流片32配置为在第二气压差的作用下贴合于第二板面上而封住通孔以使气阀3关闭,从而使气室2和外界大气相互隔绝,如图4D所示。
例如,转子4与气阀3之间留有一定的空间,以使后期利用该空气透平发电时将发电机安装于转子4与气阀3之间的空间,便于安装发电机,使发电装置的接构紧凑。
图4C和图4D所示的空气透平的其他特征及技术效果均与图1A-1B所示的相同,可参考之前的描述。
图4E为本公开一实施例提供的另一种空气透平在气阀打开状态下的结构示意图,图4F为图4E所示的空气透平在气阀关闭状态下的结构示意图。图4E-4F所示的空气透平中,气阀30位于气室20与外界大气之间,例如位于气室1的端部,转子40位于气阀30的靠近气室20的一侧。该空气透平与图4C-4D所示的空气透平区别在于,阀板301的第一板面3011面向转子。例如,转子40位于气室20内,或者,在其他实施例中,当气室120与气阀30之间通过管道连接时,转子40位于该管道中,例如位于该管道的端部。可以通过该管道灵活地设置气室的位置。阀板301固定连接在气室20和外界大气之间,阀板301包括面向外界大气的第一板面3011和与第一板面3011相对的第二板面3012,第二板面3012面向转子40。阀板301上具有沿从第一板面3011到第二板面3012的方向贯通阀板301的通孔(同之前实施例中的通孔35);整流片302设置在阀板301的第二板面3012上,当气室20内的气压小于大气压而产生第一气压差时,整流片32配置为在第一气压差的作用下离开通孔以使气阀3打开,从而使气室20和外界大气相互连通,外界大气中的气体通过通孔进入气室20而形成气流,该气流依次流经静子50、转子40,转子40的转动叶片在气流的作用下旋转。如图4E所示;当气室20内的气压大于大气压而产生第二气压差,整流片32配置为在第二气压差的作用下贴合于第二板面3012上而封住通孔以使气阀30关闭,从而使气室20和外界大气相互隔绝,如图4F所示。
本公开至少一实施例还提供一种发电装置,该发电装置包括本公开实施例提供的任意一种空气透平和发电机。发电机包括转轴,发电机的转轴与转子连接且配置为在转子的驱动下转动。如此,该发电装置可以实现将产生的气流的能量转换为电能,具有较高的发电效率。
示例性地,图5A为本公开一实施例提供的一种发电装置在第一发电状态下的示意图,图5B为图5A所示的发电装置在第二发电状态下的示意图。如图5A-5B所示,空气透平包括第一空气透平1001和第二空气透平1002。在本实施例中,第一空气透平1001的转4子位于气阀3的远离第一空气透平的气室的一侧且第一空气透平1001包括导气管1,第二空气透平1002的转子40位于气阀30的远离第二空气透平的气室的一侧且所述第二空气透平包括导气管10。
例如,第一空气透平1001的气室2和第二空气透平1002的气室20为同一共用气室8,即第一空气透平1001的气室2和第二空气透平1002的气室20彼此连通,气压相同。共用气室8配置为允许液体进入其中,且液体的液面波动以使得共用气室8内的气压可调节。例如,进入共用气室8的液体为波浪例如海浪。该发电装置可用于在海水中工作,从而允许海浪进入共用气室8内,以将海浪的动能转化为空气的势能,再转化为气流的动能,最终再转化为电能而实现发电。下面以液体为海浪为例对发电装置的发电过程进行说明。
例如,共用气室8包括第一开口81、第二开口82和第三开口83,液体经由第一开口 81进入共用气室8,第一空气透平1001的气阀3与第二开口82连通,第二空气透平1002的气阀30与第三开口83连通,第二开口82和第三开口83位于共用气室8的靠近第一空气透平1001和第二空气透平1003的上侧,第一开口81位于共用气室8的远离第一空气透平1001和第二空气透平1002的下侧,以使得共用气室8的第二开口82、第三开口83分别与第一开口81具有高度差,从而当海浪上下波动时通过共用气室8进入到共用气室的海水的体积发生变化,从而改变共用气室的气体体积。随之海浪上下波动,当海水的液面上升时,压缩共用气室内的气体,共用气室内的气压变大;当海水的液面上升时,共用气室内的气体的体积变大,共用气室内的气压变小。
如图5A所示,当共用气室内的气压大于大气压时,第一空气透平1001的气阀3在共用气室内的气压与大气压之间的气压差的作用下打开(参考之前关于空气透平的实施例中的描述)以使第一空气透平1001的导气管1和共用气室相互连通而形成气流,与此同时,第二空气透平1002的气阀30关闭以使第二空气透平1002的导气管10和共用气室相互隔绝;并且,如图5B所示,当共用气室内的气压小于大气压时,第二空气透平1002的气阀30在共用气室内的气压与大气压之间的气压差的作用下打开以使第二空气透平1002的导气管10和共用气室相互连通而形成气流,与此同时,第一空气透平1001的气阀3关闭以使第一空气透平1001的导气管1和共用气室相互隔绝。
例如,如图5A-5B所示,第一导气管1的第一端与第二开口82连通,第一导气管1的第二端与大气相通,第一空气透平1001的气阀3配置为在第一气压差的作用下打开以使共用气室8经由第一导气管1与大气相互连通而形成气流,且在第二气压差的作用下关闭以使共用气室8中的气体与大气相互隔绝。第二导气管10的第一端与第三开口83连通,第二导气管10的第二端与大气相通,第二空气透平1002的气阀30配置为在第一气压差的作用下打开以使共用气室8经由第二导气管10与大气相互连通而形成气流,且在第二气压差的作用下关闭以使共用气室8中的气体与大气相互隔绝。
例如,第一导气管1可以包括靠近共用气室的第一部分84以及远离共用气室的第二部分,第一部分84与该第二部分可以通过法兰连接。第一导气管1的第二部分也可以包括多个通过法兰彼此连接的较短的管道,如图5A和图5B可见。第二导气管10可以包括靠近共用气室的第一部分85以及远离共用气室的第二部分,第一部分85与该第二部分可以通过法兰连接。例如,第一导气管1的第一部分84以及第二导气管10的第一部分85可以是弯曲的,以便于灵活地设置发电机的位置。
例如,第一空气透平1001的导气管1的第一端11和第二空气透平1002的导气管10的第一端110彼此靠近且位于第一空气透平1001的导气管1的第二端12和第二空气透平1002的导气管10的第二端120之间,以便于在第一端11和第一端110之间设置下述公共发电机。
例如,在图5A-5B所示的发电装置中,第一空气透平1001的转子4和第二空气透平1002的转子4连接到同一共用发电机7,共用发电机7位于第一空气透平1001的转子4 和第二空气透平1002的转子40之间;共用发电机7包括第一转轴71和第二转轴72,共用发电机7的第一转轴71与第一空气透平1001的转子4连接且配置为在第一空气透平1001的转子4的驱动下转动从而驱动发电机发电,并且共用发电机7的第二转轴72与第二空气透平1002的转子40连接且配置为在第二空气透平1002的转子40的驱动下转动从而驱动发电机发电。本实施例采用同一共用发电机7与第一空气透平1001和第二空气透平1002连接而进行双向发电,有利于使发电装置的结构紧凑,简化发电装置的结构,减小发电装置的体积从而减小占地面积,便于安装和运输,并且节省生产成本。
第一导气管1的第一部分84以及第二导气管10的第一部分85可以是弯曲的,利于实现使第一空气透平1001的导气管1的第一端11和第二空气透平1002的导气管10的第一端110彼此靠近,从而便于设置共用发电机7。弯曲的管状还利于在形成相同的共用气室的体积的情况下节省空间。当然第一空气透平1001的气室2和第二空气透平1002的气室20也可以为直的管状,本领域技术人员可根据第一空气透平和第二空气透平的位置和设置方向进行设计。第一导气管1的第一部分84和第二导气管10的第一部分85可以焊接于共用气室8,也可以与共用气室8一体成型以简化制作工艺。
例如,第一导气管1、第二导气管10和共用气室8的材料均可以为金属材料,例如耐腐蚀金属,例如铝、铝合金、不锈钢等,也可以为有机材料,例如为光敏树脂。
在其他实施例中,例如,第二开口82和第三开口83分别位于与共用气室8的上侧相交的第一侧和第二侧,只要使得第二开口82、第三开口83分别与第一开口81具有高度差即可。
例如,共用发电机7还包括机身73,机身73位于第一空气透平1001的导气管1的第一端11与第二空气透平1002的导气管10的第一端110之间;第一转轴71的第一端与机身73连接,第一转轴71的与其第一端相对的第二端经由第一空气透平1001的导气管1的第一端11与第一空气透平1001的转子4连接;第二转轴72的第一端与机身73连接,第二转轴72的与其第一端相对的第二端经由第二空气透平1002的导气管10的第一端110依次穿过第二空气透平1002的导流锥60、第二空气透平1001的静子50的轮盘的中心区域与第二空气透平1002的转子40连接。例如,转子转轴46的靠近第一转轴71的一端具有键合槽465,第一转轴71的第二端位于键合槽465中从而与转子转轴46连接,以使得第一转轴71随转子转轴的转动而转动,这与第一转轴71和转子转轴46为同一个一体成型的转轴的方案相比,第一轴承11和第二轴承12还承受第一转轴71的重力,以减小第一转轴71的负担。并且,第一轴承11和第二轴承12还能够在工作过程中分担第一转轴71受到的轴向力和与轴向垂直的周向力,利于防止第一转轴71因受力而收到损伤,提高第一转轴71的寿命。第一转轴71的损伤是发电装置工作过程中的严重问题,本公开实施例可大大减少第一转轴71的损伤,减少这一问题,延长发电机转轴的寿命,提高发电装置运行的可靠性。第二转轴72与转子40的连接方式与第一转轴71与转子4的连接方式相同。
或者,第一转轴71与转子转轴一体成型,为同一个轴。
例如,第二空气透平1002的导流锥60具有在第二转轴72的延伸方向上的对称轴,第二转轴72沿导流锥60的对称轴穿过导流锥60,以使得流经导流锥60后到达转子40的气流更加均匀,转子的运行较稳定,从而使发电装置发电更稳定。
例如,如图5A-5B所示,发电装置包括密封轴承70,密封轴承70安装于第二空气透平1002的静子50的轮盘上并嵌套在第二转轴72上。该密封轴承70能够防止气流流经静子时一部分气体通过静子的轮盘与第二转轴之间的缝隙损失。
在实验室进行了如图5A所示的发电装置的发电试验。实验过程中,制造水波,该水波在气室中波动以改变气室中的气压。该本公开实验过程中波周期、波高等中的波均指该水波的参数。试验条件如下。发电机为60V交流发电机,分别在发电机连接适宜电阻、12V电池、24V电池三种负载以分别给12V电池、24V电池充电。不同波高和周期条件下,空气透平的转子的转速不一样,因此,发电机的发电量不同。发电试验过程中,在某一具体的波高和周期条件下,以发电机发出的电作为电源连接到滑动变阻器,调整滑动变阻器的阻值,当达到最大的发电功率时的滑动变阻器的阻值即为适宜电阻。
规则波(波高和周期为固定值)参数包括:波周期(波从一个波峰或者波谷传播到下一个波峰或者波谷的时间间隔)2.45s,造波波高(液面波动时波峰和波谷之间的高度差)为150mm左右,每个条件下进行多次试验,试验数据如表1所示。
发电效率的定义为:发电机发电功率与作用在波浪能吸收装置上的波功率之间的比值。
表1规则波的情况下试验数据表一
Figure PCTCN2020138612-appb-000001
表1的结果表明,整体发电效率较高,均在30%以上,甚至达到50%以上。在连接适宜电阻时,发电效率最高,可达54.46%,在给12V蓄电池充电时,发电效率也较高。故选择连接12V电池进行试验,在不同周期下的发电试验,试验结果如表2。
表2规则波的情况下试验数据表二
Figure PCTCN2020138612-appb-000002
表2的结果表明,在以上条件下,发电效率均在30%以上,甚至达到50%以上,发电效率整体较高;在波周期2.45秒左右情况下,发电效率最高,可达55.85%。
相比于规则波,不规则波更接近实际的海浪情况,为探究在不规则波(波高为非固定值)情况下的发电效率,在不规则波条件下进行了试验,波周期2.55s,造波波高为200mm左右,发电试验结果如表3所示。
表3不规则波的情况下试验数据表
电功率W 波高mm 波周期s 波功率W 效率%
10.73 180.6 2.550 51.05 21.01
12.76 174.6 2.547 47.57 26.83
17.06 179.1 2.553 55.53 30.73
18.70 182.8 2.548 57.91 32.29
20.34 187.7 2.554 58.44 34.80
40.77 246.0 2.550 106.79 38.18
37.98 250.4 2.546 114.55 33.16
37.75 256.3 2.549 115.51 32.68
表3结果表明,在以上不规则波条件下,发电效率均在20%以上,甚至在很多条件下达到30%以上,不规则波条件下发电效率整体较高;在波高为246.0mm的情况下,发电效率最高,可达38.18%。
例如,图6A为本公开一实施例提供的另一种发电装置在第一发电状态下的示意图,图6B为图6A所示的发电装置在第二发电状态下的示意图。图6A-6B所示的发电装置与图5A-5B所示的发电装置具有以下区别。发电装置包括第一空气透平和第二空气透平,第一空气透平的导气管1的第二端12和第二空气透平的导气管10的第二端120彼此靠近且位于第一空气透平的导气管1的第一端11和第二空气透平的导气管10的第一端110之间。
如图6A所示,随着海水在共用气室中波动,当共用气室内的气压小于大气压时,第二空气透平的气阀30在共用气室内的气压与大气压之间的气压差的作用下打开(参考之前关于空气透平的实施例中的描述)以使第二空气透平的导气管10和共用气室相互连通而形成气流,与此同时,第一空气透平的气阀3关闭以使第一空气透平的导气管1和共用气室相互隔绝;并且,如图6B所示,当共用气室内的气压大于大气压时,第一空气透平的气阀3在共用气室内的气压与大气压之间的气压差的作用下打开以使第一空气透平的导气管1和共用气室8相互连通而形成气流,与此同时,第二空气透平的气阀30关闭以使第二空气透平的导气管10和共用气室相互隔绝。
例如,在图6A-6B所示的实施例中,发电机包括第一发电机和第二发电机,第一发电机包括第一转轴71,第一转轴71与第一空气透平1001的转子4连接且配置为在第一空气透平1001的转子4的驱动下转动,第二发电机包括第二转轴72,第二转轴72与第二空气透平1002的转子40连接且配置为在第二空气透平1002的转子40的驱动下转动,从而通过第一发电机和第二发电机分别将第一空气透平的转子的动能和第一空气透平的转子的动能转换为电能,实现发电。
例如,在图6A-6B所示的实施例中,第一发电机还包括第一机身731,发电装置还包括罩盖第一机身731的第一保护罩751。第一保护罩751罩盖第一机身731,且安装于第一安装座9上。第一安装座9与第一保护罩751密封连接,以将发电机密封在一个空间里,避免雨水、海水、雾气等对发电机的侵蚀。第一机身731位于第一空气透平1001的导气管1内且位于第一空气透平1001的转子4与第一空气透平1001的气阀3之间,第一发电机的第一转轴71的第一端与第一机身731连接,第一发电机的第一转轴71的与其第一端相对的第二端与第一空气透平1001的转子4连接;第二发电机还包括第二机身732和罩盖第二机身732的第一保护罩752,第二机身732位于第二空气透平1002的导气管10外,第二发电机的第二转轴72的第一端与第二机身732连接,第二发电机的第二转轴72的与其第一端相对的第二端经由第二空气透平1002的导气管10的第二端伸进第二空气透平1002的导气管10而与第二空气透平1002的转子40连接。在本实施例中,设置了两个发电机分别与第一空气透平1001的转子4连接而进行发电以及与第二空气透平1002的转子40连接以进行发电,这样,第一转轴71和第二转轴72均无需穿静子而与转子连接,便于发电机的转轴与转子连接,降低了制作工艺的难度,有利于成品率和生产效率。第一转轴71与转子4以及第二转轴72与转子40的具体连接方式可参考之前实施例中的描述,在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是,在图5A所示的第一空气透平1001的导气管1的第一端11和第二空气透平1002的导气管10的第一端110彼此靠近的情况下,也可以设置分布与第一空气透平的转子连接而进行发电的第一发电机和与第二空气透平的转子连接而进行发电的第二发电机。
图6C是图6A中的第一发电机安装的放大示意图,图6D是图6A中的第二发电机安装的放大示意图。如图6C所示,第一发电机还包括第一安装座9,第一发电机的机身731安装在第一安装座9上,从而,第一发电机的机身731通过第一安装座9实现固定,此时,不需要设置支架以对其进行支撑,简化了发电装置的结构。第一安装座9与第一导气管1固定连接,该固定连接例如为焊接或者螺栓连接等,具体的连接方式本领域技术人员可参考常规技术,本公开实施例对此不作限定。如图6C所示,第二发电机还包括第二安装座90,第二安装座90与第二导气管10固定连接,固定连接方式如上所述。从而,第一发电机的机身732通过第一安装座9实现固定,此时,不需要设置支架以对其进行支撑,简化了发电装置的结构,并且这减小了安装第二发电机所需的空间,有利于将第二发电机的机身732置于第二导气管10内。
第一发电机与第一安装座的配合方式以及第二发电机与第二安装座的配合方式相同,下面以第一发电机与第一安装座的配合方式进行说明。图6E为第一发电机与第一安装座的配合示意图,如图6E所示,第一安装座9包括位于其中心区域的发电机转轴通孔和数个螺栓孔,螺栓孔的位置与第一发电机上靠近第一安装座的法兰盘上开孔的位置一致,在安装时用螺栓通过第一发电机法兰上的开孔与第一安装座上的螺栓孔将第一发电机安装在第一安装座上。以上为示例性的第一发电机与第一安装座的配合方式,对于发电机的具体安装方式,本公开实施例不作具体限定,本领域技术人员可根据本领域常规技术进行安装。第一发电机的第一转轴71穿过发电机转轴通孔后经第一导气管1的第二端进入第一导气管1与转子4连接。
第一安装座9的中心部位设置有发电机安装槽92和发电机转轴通孔,发电机安装于发电机安装槽92中,例如第一转轴71位于发电机安装槽92中;第一转轴71穿过发电机转轴通孔进入第一导气管1中。图6E和图6F示出的是第一安装座9的第一侧,图6G示出的是第一安装座9的与其第一侧相对的第二侧,该第二侧设置有第二轴承座94,第二轴承安装于第二轴承座94上。第一安装座9与第一导气管1的第一端固定连接,该固定连接例如为焊接或者螺栓连接等,例如在图6F所示的实施例中,第一安装座9相当于一个法兰,发电机第一安装座9与第一导气管1之间的连接方式为法兰连接。具体的连接方式本领域技术人员可参考常规技术,本公开实施例对此不作限定。
发电机安装座9具有气孔91,第一导气管1中的气体经由出气孔91排出或大气中的气体经由气孔91进入第一导气管1中,进而进入公共气室中。气孔91位于发电机保护罩的外侧,从而上述气体可通过气孔91,在保证导气管中的气体通畅地排出或大气中的气体能够进入导气管中继而进入气室中的同时,避免雨水、海水进入导气管。
例如,如图6A-6B所示,发电装置还包括第一支撑结构131和第二支撑结构132。第一支撑结构131与第一导气管1连接,且配置为支撑第一导气管1,承载第一导气管1、第一空气透平的转子和静子以及第一发电机的重力。第一支撑结构132与第二导气管10连接,且配置为支撑第二导气管10,承载第二导气管10、第二空气透平的转子和静子以及第二发电机的重力。
图6A-6B所示的发电装置的其他未提及的特征以及技术性效果均与图5A-5B中的相同,可参考之前的描述。
图7A为本公开一实施例提供的另一种发电装置在第一发电状态下的示意图,图7B为图7A所示的发电装置在第二发电状态下的示意图。图7A-7B所示的发电装置与图5A-5B所示的发电装置具有以下区别。如图7A-7B所示,第一空气透平的转子4位于第一空气透平的气阀3的靠近第一空气透平的气室的一侧,第一发电机包括第一机身731,第一机身731位于第一空气透平的转子4与气阀3之间,第一转轴71的第一端与第一机身731连接,第一转轴71的与其第一端相对的第二端与第一空气透平的转子4连接;第二空气透平的转子40位于第二空气透平的气阀30的靠近第二空气透平的气室的一侧,第二发电机包括第二机身732,第二机身732位于第二空气透平的转子40的远离气阀30的一侧,第二发电机的转轴72的第一端与第二机身732连接,第二发电机的转轴72的与其第一端相对的第二端与第二空气透平的转子40连接。第一转轴71与转子4的具体连接方式以及第二发电机的转轴72与转子40的具体连接方式请参考之前实施例中的描述,在此不再赘述。
例如,在图7A-7B所示的实施例中,第一空气透平的转子4和第一发电机位于第一导气管1内,第二空气透平的转子40和第二发电机位于第二导气管内,这样便于第一发电机和第二发电机的安装,且使得发电装置的机构紧凑,节省空间。
如图7A所示,随着海水在共用气室中波动,当共用气室内的气压小于大气压时,第二空气透平的气阀30在共用气室内的气压与大气压之间的气压差的作用下打开(参考之前关于空气透平的实施例中的描述)以使共用气室和外界大气相互连通而形成气流,气流通过气阀30进入第二导气管,依次流经静子50、转子40,经第二导气管进入共用气室,与此同时,第一空气透平的气阀3关闭以使共用气室和外界大气相互隔绝;并且,如图7B所示,当共用气室内的气压大于大气压时,第一空气透平的气阀3在共用气室内的气压与大气压之间的气压差的作用下打开以使第一空气透平的导气管1和共用气室8相互连通而形成气流,与此同时,第二空气透平的气阀30关闭以使第二空气透平1002的导气管10和共用气室相互隔绝。
在图7A-7B所示的实施例中,第一发电机的第一转轴71与第一空气透平1001的转子4连接且配置为在第一空气透平的转子4的驱动下转动,第二发电机的第二转轴72与第二空气透平的转子40连接且配置为在第二空气透平的转子40的驱动下转动,从而通过第一发电机和第二发电机分别将第一空气透平的转子4的动能和第二空气透平的转子40的动能转换为电能,实现发电。
例如,在其他实施例提供的发电装置中,上述空气透平之间可以进行组合。例如,在一个实施例中,第一空气透平的转子位于第一空气透平的气阀的靠近第一空气透平的气室的一侧,第一发电机包括第一机身,第一机身位于第一空气透平的转子的远离气阀的一侧,第一发电机的转轴的第一端与第一机身连接,第一发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与所述第一空气透平的转子连接,即图7A中右侧的第一空气透平;并且,第二空气透平的转子位于第二空气透平的气阀的远离第二空气透平的气室的一侧,第二发电机包括第二机身,第二机身位于第二空气透平的转子与气阀之间,第二发电机的转轴的第一端与第二机身连接,第二发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与第二空气透平的转子连接,即图6A中左侧的第二空气透平。
或者,在另一个实施例中,第一空气透平的转子位于第一空气透平的气阀的远离第一空气透平的气室的一侧时,第一发电机包括第一机身,第一机身位于第一空气透平的转子的远离第一空气透平的气阀的一侧,第一发电机的转轴的第一端与第一机身连接,第一发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与第一空气透平的转子连接,即发电装置包括图6A中右侧的第一空气透平;第二空气透平的转子位于第二空气透平的气阀的靠近第二空气透平的气室的一侧,第二发电机包括第二机身,第二机身位于第二空气透平的转子的远离第二空气透平的气阀的一侧,第二发电机的转轴的第一端与第二机身连接,第二发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与第二空气透平的转子连接,即发电装置包图7A中左侧的第二空气透平。
需要说明的是,本公开实施例提供的发电装置中,对于空气透平的个数均不作限定,以上实施例以包括两个空气透平为例。例如,也可以包括三个、四个本公开实施例提供的空气透平,相应地,共用气室具有与三个或四个空气透平连通的开口。
另外,在其他实施例中,例如,发电装置可包括多个本公开实施例提供的空气透平,多个空气透平的气室彼此不连通。例如,多个空气透平的气阀可以直接与对应的气室连接,也可以分别通过连接管与对应的气室连接。以发电装置包括第一空气透平和第二空气透平为例。本实施例的发电装置与以上实施例中的发电装置的区别在于,第一空气透平的气室和第二空气透平的气室为彼此不连通的两个气室,例如分别为第一气室和第二气室,第一气室和第二气室分别配置为允许液体进入其中,且第一气室中液体的液面波动以使得第一气室内的气压可调节,第二气室中液体的液面波动以使得第二气室内的气压可调节。对于空气透平的个数以及彼此不连通的气室的个数,本公开实施例不作限定。对于本实施例的发电装置的其他结构的特征及技术效果,均与之前实施例中的相同,可参考之前的描述。
以上所述仅是本发明的示范性实施方式,而非用于限制本发明的保护范围,本发明的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。

Claims (31)

  1. 一种空气透平,包括:
    气室,其中,所述气室内的气压可调节,所述气室内的气压与大气压的差包括第一气压差和第二气压差;
    气阀,配置为在所述第一气压差的作用下打开以使所述气室与大气相互连通而形成气流,且在所述第二气压差的作用下关闭以使所述气室与大气相互隔绝,所述第一气压差和所述第二气压差的方向相反;以及
    转子,配置为在所述气流的驱动下旋转。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的空气透平,其中,所述气阀包括:
    阀板,固定于所述气室与大气之间,包括面向所述气流的来向的第一板面和与所述第一板面相对的第二板面,其中,所述阀板上具有沿从所述第一板面到所述第二板面的方向贯通所述阀板的通孔;以及
    整流片,设置在所述阀板的第二板面上,其中,所述气室内的气压大于大气压而产生所述第一气压差,所述整流片配置为在所述第一气压差的作用下离开所述通孔以使所述气阀打开;所述气室内的气压小于大气压而产生所述第二气压差,所述整流片配置为在所述第二气压差的作用下封住所述通孔以使所述气阀关闭。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的空气透平,还包括:
    导气管,包括第一端和第二端,其中,所述转子位于所述导气管中,所述气阀位于所述气室与所述导气管之间;所述导气管的第一端与大气相通,所述导气管的第二端通过所述气阀连接到所述气室;所述气阀配置为在所述第一气压差的作用下打开以使所述导气管和所述气室相互连通而形成所述气流,且在所述第二气压差的作用下关闭以使所述导气管和所述气室相互隔绝。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的空气透平,其中,在所述气流的流向上所述转子位于所述气阀的远离所述气室的一侧;
    所述第二板面面向所述转子,所述气流通过所述气阀后流经所述转子,或者,所述第一板面面向所述转子,所述气流流经所述转子后通过所述气阀进入所述气室。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的空气透平,其中,在所述气流的流向上所述转子位于所述气阀的靠近所述气室的一侧;
    所述第一板面面向所述转子,所述气流流经所述转子后通过所述气阀,或者,所述第二板面面向所述转子,所述气流通过所述气阀之后流经所述转子。
  6. 根据权利要求3-5任一所述的空气透平,其中,所述整流片包括彼此连接的第一部分和第二部分,其中,
    所述第一部分至少部分固定于所述阀板上,所述第二部分配置为在所述第一气压差的作用下离开所述通孔且在所述第二气压差的作用下封闭所述通孔。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的空气透平,其中,所述第一部分和所述第二部分一体成型;或者,
    所述第一部分通过连接件与所述第二部分连接。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的空气透平,其中,所述导气管为直管,从所述气阀到所述转子的方向与所述导气管的延伸方向一致,从所述整流片的第一部分到整流片的第二部分的方向与所述导气管的延伸方向垂直。
  9. 根据权利要求2-8任一所述的空气透平,其中,所述整流片的材料为金属,所述整流片的在沿从所述第一板面到所述第二板面方向上的厚度为1mm-3mm;或者,整流片的材质为橡胶或硅胶,厚度为1mm-5mm。
  10. 根据权利要求2-9任一所述的空气透平,其中,所述阀板还包括:
    支撑架,位于通孔中,所述支撑架包括至少一对彼此相对的端部,该至少一对端部均与所述通孔的内壁连接,所述支撑架把所述通孔分割为多个彼此不连通的部分。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的空气透平,其中,所述支撑架为十字形或米字形。
  12. 根据权利要求2-11任一所述的空气透平,其中,所述阀板具有多个所述通孔;
    对应于多个所述通孔中的每个通孔均设置一个所述整流片,或者,多个所述通孔中相邻的n个通孔共用一个所述整流片,n为大于等于2的正整数。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一所述的空气透平,其中,所述转子包括:
    转盘;以及
    多个转动叶片,围绕所述转盘设置于所述转盘的边缘上,其中,所述多个转动叶片的每个包括第一面,所述第一面配置为迎接所述气流,所述多个转动叶片配置为在所述气流的作用下旋转以带动所述转盘旋转;
    所述多个转动叶片的每个的第一面的至少部分朝向所述气流的来向。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的空气透平,其中,所述转子还包括:
    第一围带,围绕所述多个转动叶片且与所述多个转动叶片连接,其中,在围绕所述多个转动叶片的方向上,所述第一围带是封闭的环状;
    所述第一围带的在所述转子的轴向上的宽度大于等于转盘的在转子的轴向上的厚度,所述转子的轴向垂直于所述转盘的盘面。
  15. 根据权利要求6或7所述的空气透平,其中,所述空气透平还包括:
    静子,固定于所述导气管中,位于所述转子的一侧以配置为所述气流流经所述静子之后再流经所述转子,且包括:
    轮盘,包括中心区域和所述围绕中心区域的边缘区域;
    多个导流叶片,位于所述边缘区域,围绕所述中心区域排列,且配置为将所述气流导向所述转子。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的空气透平,其中,所述静子还包括:
    导流锥,位于所述静子的轮盘的远离所述转子的一侧,其中,所述导流锥包括在第一 方向上彼此相对的第一端和第二端,所述第一方向沿从所述静子到所述转子;
    所述导流锥的第一端与所述静子的轮盘的中心区域连接,从所述导流锥的第二端到所述导流锥的第一端,所述导流锥的至少部分在第二方向上的截面的尺寸逐渐增大,所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的空气透平,其中,所述导流锥的所述至少部分为锥状,或者,所述导流锥的所述至少部分为球体的一部分。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的空气透平,其中,所述静子还包括:
    第二围带,围绕所述多个导流叶片且与所述多个导流叶片连接,与所述导气管的内壁固定连接以将所述静子固定于所述导气管,其中,在围绕多个导流叶片的方向上,第二围带是封闭的。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的空气透平,其中,所述导流锥、所述静子的轮盘、所述第二围带和所述多个导流叶片一体成型。
  20. 一种发电装置,其中,所述发电装置包括1-19任一所述的空气透平和发电机,所述发电机包括转轴,所述发电机的转轴与所述转子连接且配置为在所述转子的驱动下转动。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的发电装置,其中,
    所述空气透平包括第一空气透平和第二空气透平,
    所述第一空气透平的所述气室和所述第二空气透平的所述气室为同一共用气室;
    所述共用气室配置为允许液体进入其中,且所述液体的液面波动以使得所述共用气室内的气压可调节。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的发电装置,其中,
    所述共用气室包括第一开口、第二开口和第三开口,所述液体经由所述第一开口进入所述共用气室;所述第一空气透平的气阀连接到所述第二开口,所述第二空气透平的气阀连接到所述第三开口;
    所述第二开口和所述第三开口位于所述共用气室的靠近所述第一空气透平的转子和所述第二空气透平的转子的上侧,所述第一开口位于所述共用气室的远离所述第一空气透平和所述第二空气透平的下侧。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的发电装置,其中,
    所述第一空气透平的所述气阀打开以使所述共用气室与所述大气相互连通而形成所述气流,与此同时,所述第二空气透平的所述气阀关闭以使所述共用气室于所述大气相互隔绝;并且
    所述第二空气透平的所述气阀打开以使所述共用气室与所述大气相互连通而形成所述气流,与此同时,所述第一空气透平的所述气阀关闭以使所述共用气室于所述大气相互隔绝。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的发电装置,其中,
    所述第一空气透平的转子和所述第二空气透平的转子连接到同一共用发电机,所述共用发电机位于所述第一空气透平的转子和所述第二空气透平的转子之间;所述共用发电机包括第一转轴和第二转轴,所述共用发电机的第一转轴与所述第一空气透平的转子连接且配置为在第一空气透平的转子的驱动下转动,并且所述共用发电机的第二转轴与所述第二空气透平的转子连接且配置为在第二空气透平的转子的驱动下转动。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的发电装置,其中,
    当在所述气流的流向上所述第一空气透平的转子位于所述第一空气透平的气阀的远离所述第一空气透平的气室的一侧且第二空气透平的转子位于所述第二空气透平的气阀的远离所述第二空气透平的气室的一侧;
    在所述空气透平包括导气管,所述导气管包括第一端和第二端,所述转子位于所述导气管中,所述气阀位于所述气室与所述导气管之间,所述导气管的第一端与大气相通,所述导气管的第二端通过所述气阀连接到所述气室,所述气阀配置为在所述第一气压差的作用下打开以使所述导气管和所述气室相互连通而形成所述气流,且在所述第二气压差的作用下关闭以使所述导气管和所述气室相互隔绝时,
    所述第一空气透平的所述导气管的第一端和所述第二空气透平的所述导气管的第一端彼此靠近且位于所述第一空气透平的所述导气管的第二端和所述第二空气透平的所述导气管的第二端之间。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的发电装置,其中,所述共用发电机包括机身,所述机身位于所述第一空气透平的导气管的第一端与所述第二空气透平的导气管的第一端之间;
    第一转轴的第一端与所述机身连接,所述第一转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端经由所述第一空气透平的导气管的第一端与所述第一空气透平的转子连接;
    在所述第二空气透平包括静子的情况下,所述静子固定于所述导气管中,位于所述转子的一侧以配置为所述气流流经所述静子之后再流经所述转子,且包括轮盘和导流锥;所述轮盘包括中心区域和围绕所述中心区域的边缘区域;所述导流锥位于所述静子的轮盘的远离所述转子的一侧,所述导流锥包括在第一方向上彼此相对的第一端和第二端,所述第一方向沿从所述静子到所述转子;所述导流锥的第一端与所述静子的轮盘的中心区域连接,从所述导流锥的第二端到所述导流锥的第一端,所述导流锥的至少部分在第二方向上的截面的尺寸逐渐共用增大,所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向,
    所述第二转轴的第一端与所述机身连接,所述第二转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端经由所述第二空气透平的导气管的第一端依次穿过所述第二空气透平的导流锥、所述第二空气透平的静子的轮盘的中心区域与所述第二空气透平的转子连接。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的发电装置,其中,所述发电装置还包括:
    密封轴承,安装于所述第二空气透平的静子的轮盘上并嵌套在所述第二转轴上。
  28. 根据权利要求23-27任一所述的发电装置,其中,
    所述发电机包括第一发电机和第二发电机,
    所述第一发电机包括第一转轴,所述第一转轴与所述第一空气透平的转子连接且配置为在第一空气透平的转子的驱动下转动,
    所述第二发电机包括第二转轴,所述第二转轴与所述第二空气透平的转子连接且配置为在第二空气透平的转子的驱动下转动。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的发电装置,其中,
    当沿所述气流方向所述第一空气透平的转子位于所述第一空气透平的气阀的远离所述第一空气透平的气室的一侧时,所述第一发电机包括第一机身,所述第一机身位于所述第一空气透平的转子的远离所述第一空气透平的气阀的一侧,所述第一发电机的转轴的第一端与所述第一机身连接,所述第一发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与所述第一空气透平的转子连接;
    在所述空气透平包括导气管,所述导气管包括第一端和第二端,所述转子位于所述导气管中,所述气阀位于所述气室与所述导气管之间,所述导气管的第一端与大气相通,所述导气管的第二端通过所述气阀连接到所述气室,所述气阀配置为在所述第一气压差的作用下打开以使所述导气管和所述气室相互连通而形成所述气流,且在所述第二气压差的作用下关闭以使所述导气管和所述气室相互隔绝时,
    所述第二空气透平的转子位于所述第二空气透平的气阀的远离所述第二空气透平的气室的一侧,所述第二发电机包括第二机身,所述第二机身位于所述第二空气透平的导气管中且位于所述第二空气透平的转子与气阀之间,所述第二发电机的转轴的第一端与所述第二机身连接,所述第二发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与所述第二空气透平的转子连接,或者,所述第二空气透平的转子位于所述第二空气透平的气阀的靠近所述第二空气透平的气室的一侧,所述第二发电机包括第二机身,所述第二机身位于所述第二空气透平的导气管中且位于所述第二空气透平的转子的远离所述第二空气透平的气阀的一侧,所述第二发电机的转轴的第一端与所述第二机身连接,所述第二发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与所述第二空气透平的转子连接。
  30. 根据权利要求28或29所述的发电装置,其中,
    当所述第一空气透平的转子位于所述第一空气透平的气阀的靠近所述第一空气透平的气室的一侧时,所述第一发电机包括第一机身,所述第一机身位于所述第一空气透平的转子与气阀之间,所述第一发电机的转轴的第一端与所述第一机身连接,所述第一发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与所述第一空气透平的转子连接;
    在所述空气透平包括导气管,所述导气管包括第一端和第二端,所述转子位于所述导气管中,所述气阀位于所述气室与所述导气管之间,所述第一端与大气相通,所述导气管的第二端通过所述气阀连接到所述气室,所述气阀配置为在所述第一气压差的作用下打开以使所述导气管和所述气室相互连通而形成所述气流,且在所述第二气压差的作用下关闭以使所述导气管和所述气室相互隔绝时,
    所述第二空气透平的转子位于所述第二空气透平的气阀的靠近所述第二空气透平的 气室的一侧,所述第二发电机包括第二机身,所述第二机身位于所述第二空气透平的导气管内且位于所述第二空气透平的转子的远离所述气阀的一侧,所述第二发电机的转轴的第一端与所述第二机身连接,所述第二发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与所述第二空气透平的转子连接,或者,所述第二空气透平的转子位于所述第二空气透平的气阀的远离所述第二空气透平的气室的一侧,所述第二发电机包括第二机身,所述第二机身位于所述第二空气透平的导气管内且位于所述第二空气透平的转子与气阀之间,所述第二发电机的转轴的第一端与所述第二机身连接,所述第二发电机的转轴的与其第一端相对的第二端与所述第二空气透平的转子连接。
  31. 根据权利要求24-30任一所述的发电装置,其中,所述第一空气透平的转子包括第一转子转轴,所述第一转子转轴的靠近所述第一转轴的一端具有第一键合槽,所述第一转轴的第二端位于所述第一键合槽中以使所述第一转轴与所述第一转子转轴连接;
    所述第二空气透平的转子包括第二转子转轴,所述第二转子转轴的靠近所述第二转轴的一端具有第二键合槽,所述第二转轴的第二端位于所述第二键合槽中以使所述第二转轴与所述第二转子转轴连接。
PCT/CN2020/138612 2019-12-23 2020-12-23 空气透平以及发电装置 WO2021129661A1 (zh)

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