WO2021128552A1 - 一种 mimo 天线装置及移动终端 - Google Patents

一种 mimo 天线装置及移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021128552A1
WO2021128552A1 PCT/CN2020/076128 CN2020076128W WO2021128552A1 WO 2021128552 A1 WO2021128552 A1 WO 2021128552A1 CN 2020076128 W CN2020076128 W CN 2020076128W WO 2021128552 A1 WO2021128552 A1 WO 2021128552A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
board
main
mobile terminal
diversity antenna
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/076128
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈卫
陈志伟
白松
Original Assignee
惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司
Publication of WO2021128552A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021128552A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2258—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used with computer equipment
    • H01Q1/2266—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used with computer equipment disposed inside the computer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication transmission technology, and in particular to a MIMO antenna device and a mobile terminal.
  • MIMO Multi Input Multi Output
  • MIMO technology means that the capacity and spectrum utilization rate of the communication system can be doubled without increasing the bandwidth.
  • the receiver and transmitter are configured with multiple antennas for communication at the same time. As shown in Figure 1, the transmitter transmits X1 and X2 signals at the same time with two antennas, and the throughput is doubled; the performance of MIMO is very good or bad.
  • the mobile phone chip Depends on the quality of the MIMO channel model, that is, after two signals are transmitted through space and received by the two antennas of the terminal, the mobile phone chip can clearly distinguish the two signals; the MIMO channel model is determined by the pattern of the base station antenna and the spatial transmission environment Together with the directional patterns of the terminal antennas, the MIMO theory uses the changes in amplitude, phase, and delay caused by these signals in space transmission to achieve the purpose of multi-antenna transmission of multiple signals. For the terminal, optimizing the performance of MIMO can be achieved by optimizing the antenna pattern of the terminal.
  • the antenna radiation pattern is mainly determined by the relative relationship between the main board's wire ground (GND) and the antenna.
  • the antenna radiation pattern refers to the relative field strength (normalized mode) of the radiation field at a certain distance from the antenna. Value)
  • the pattern that changes with the direction is a graphical description method of the antenna radiation characteristics. You can observe the various parameters of the antenna from the antenna pattern.
  • the conventionally designed mobile phone antenna radiation pattern is an Apple pattern centered on the longitudinal axis of the mobile phone.
  • the pattern of the main antenna (MIMO antenna 1) and the diversity antenna (MIMO antenna 2) are both similar, so they form a MIMO channel.
  • the model is not good, and the MIMO performance is relatively poor. Therefore, how to optimize the MIMO performance by optimizing the terminal antenna pattern is a design problem.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a MIMO antenna device and a mobile terminal, which optimize the MIMO performance by optimizing the antenna pattern of the mobile terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a MIMO antenna device, which includes:
  • the MIMO antenna includes at least a main antenna and a diversity antenna
  • the main set antenna is arranged on the main set antenna small plate, and the main set antenna small plate is placed horizontally on the ground plate;
  • the diversity antenna is arranged on a small diversity antenna board, the small diversity antenna board is placed vertically on the main board, and the main board is placed horizontally on the ground plate.
  • the diversity antenna is arranged on a small diversity antenna board, including:
  • the diversity antenna is arranged on a side of the small diversity antenna plate facing the bottom of the mobile terminal.
  • the main antenna small plate is placed horizontally on the ground plate, including:
  • the wire ground end of the main antenna small plate is connected to the ground plate.
  • the small diversity antenna board is placed vertically on the main board, including:
  • the side of the diversity antenna board where the diversity antenna is arranged is at a preset angle with the surface of the main board;
  • the preset angle ranges from 90 to 120 degrees.
  • the main antenna is connected to the main antenna small plate through an antenna shrapnel
  • the diversity antenna is connected to the diversity antenna small plate through the antenna shrapnel.
  • the diversity antenna small board is connected to the main board through a flexible cable, an antenna tuner is located on the diversity antenna small board, and the antenna tuner is connected to the main board through a flexible circuit board .
  • the small diversity antenna board is connected to the main board through a flexible cable, including:
  • the radio frequency signal on the diversity antenna small board is connected to the radio frequency signal on the main board through the flexible cable.
  • the radiation of the diversity antenna is directed toward the top of the mobile terminal, and the radiation of the main antenna is directed toward the back of the mobile terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a mobile terminal, where the main antenna is arranged at the bottom of the mobile terminal, and the diversity antenna is arranged at the top of the mobile terminal.
  • the mobile terminal includes the above-mentioned MIMO antenna device.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a MIMO antenna device and a mobile terminal.
  • the MIMO antenna device includes: the MIMO antenna includes at least a main antenna and a diversity antenna, and the main antenna is arranged on a small antenna plate of the main antenna; The main antenna plate is placed horizontally on the ground plate, the diversity antenna is placed on the diversity antenna plate, the diversity antenna plate is placed vertically on the main board, and the main board is placed horizontally on the ground plate .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the MIMO antenna technology provided by the background technology of this application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a MIMO antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a MIMO antenna device and a mobile terminal.
  • the antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present application is integrated in a mobile terminal, and the mobile terminal may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, or other devices.
  • a mobile terminal equipped with a MIMO antenna device can communicate with a network device (for example, a server) or other mobile terminal (for example, a smart phone) through a wireless network to complete information transmission and reception with the network device or other mobile terminal.
  • a MIMO antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes: a MIMO antenna provided in a mobile terminal includes at least a main antenna 105 and a diversity antenna 106, the main antenna 105 is provided at the bottom of the mobile terminal, The diversity antenna 106 is arranged on the top of the mobile terminal; the mobile terminal also includes a main board 101 and a ground plate 102.
  • the main antenna 105 is arranged on the main antenna plate 104, and the main antenna plate 104 is placed horizontally on the ground plate 102.
  • the diversity antenna 106 is arranged on the small diversity antenna board 103, the small diversity antenna board 103 is placed vertically on the main board 101, and the main board 101 is placed horizontally on the ground plate 102.
  • the types of MIMO antennas in mobile terminals include: PIFA (Planar Inverted F-shaped Antenna), IFA (Inverted F-shaped Antenna), Monopole (monopole antenna), Loop ( Loop antenna).
  • the ground plate 102 of the mobile terminal may be a front shell reinforcing steel plate, or may be other materials used for grounding of the whole machine.
  • the diversity antenna 106 is arranged on the side of the diversity antenna plate 103 facing the bottom of the mobile terminal, and the side of the diversity antenna plate 103 with the diversity antenna 106 is at a preset angle to the surface of the mobile terminal main board 101, and the range of the preset angle is It is 90 to 120 degrees and can include two end values.
  • the shapes of the main antenna small plate 104 and the diversity antenna small plate 103 have no special requirements, and may be rectangular flat plates or irregularly shaped flat plates.
  • the main antenna small board 104 is generally arranged at the bottom of the mobile terminal, so that the main antenna small board 104 does not interfere with the internal structure of the mobile terminal.
  • the main antenna 105 and the diversity antenna 106 can be formed in any shape and set on their respective small boards. For the main antenna 105 and the diversity antenna 106 The shape of the product is not specified.
  • the main board 101 and the ground board 102 are rectangular, the main board 101 is placed horizontally on the ground board 102, and the edge of the main board 101 coincides with the edge of the ground 102 board.
  • the main board 101 and the ground board 102 do not need to be exactly rectangular, the edge of the main board 101 may not overlap with the edge of the ground board 102, and the main board 101 may be smaller than the ground board 102.
  • the wire grounding end of the main antenna small plate 104 is connected to the grounding plate 102 of the mobile terminal, the wire grounding end of the mobile terminal main board 101 is also connected to the grounding plate 102, and the wire grounding end of the diversity antenna plate 103 is set separately and not connected to The ground plate 102 is connected, and the wire ground end of the diversity antenna 106 is in a vertical state, and the direction of the diversity antenna 106 is quite different from the direction of the main antenna 105, distinguishing the received signals of the two antennas, thereby improving the MIMO performance.
  • the main antenna 105 and the main antenna small board 104 are connected by an antenna shrapnel
  • the diversity antenna 106 and the diversity antenna small board 103 are connected by an antenna shrapnel.
  • the diversity antenna small board 103 is connected to the main board 101 through a flexible flexible cable
  • the antenna tuner is arranged on the diversity antenna small board 103
  • the antenna tuner is connected to the main board 101 through a flexible circuit board.
  • the flexible cable connects the radio frequency signal on the diversity antenna small board 103 and the radio frequency signal on the main board 101.
  • the radio frequency RF-Radio Frequency
  • the signal is a modulated radio wave with a certain transmit frequency.
  • the flexible cable connecting the diversity antenna small board 103 and the main board 101 is the preferred cable for power transmission materials and signal transmission carriers in the drag chain motion system, also known as drag chain cables, drag cables, mobile cables, robot cables, etc.
  • the conductor structure of the flexible cable is mainly based on DIN VDE 0295 and IEC 228 standard twisted copper conductor structure, the sheath is mostly made of low-viscosity, flexible and wear-resistant materials to slow down the wear rate of the cable in continuous reciprocating movement.
  • the antenna tuner (tuner) that needs to be controlled by the diversity antenna board 103 is abbreviated as antenna tuning, which is used between the transmitter and the antenna.
  • the microprocessor controls the analog-to-digital converter to quantize the sampling parameters provided by the detection circuit into digital
  • the signal is then read into the memory, and after processing, the state of the matching network is controlled to achieve impedance matching.
  • the antenna tuner is an impedance matching network that connects the transmitter and the antenna. It can match the impedance between the transmitter and the antenna, so that the antenna has the largest radiation power at any frequency. It is widely used in ground, vehicle, shipborne and aviation shortwave radio stations.
  • the antenna tuner is composed of a matching network, a detection circuit and a control circuit.
  • the flexible printed circuit (Flexible Printed Circuit, referred to as FPC) that connects the antenna tuner on the diversity antenna small board 103 and the main board 101 is made of polyimide or polyester film with high reliability. It is an excellent flexible printed circuit board with high wiring density, light weight, thin thickness, and good bendability.
  • FPC is not only a flexible circuit board, but also an important design method for integrated circuit structure. This structure can be combined with other electronic product designs to build a variety of different applications. From this point of view, FPC It is different from the Printed Circuit Board (PCB). For PCB boards, they are generally planar, and FPC achieves the purpose of making full use of the three-dimensional space. As far as PCB boards are concerned, the current common space extension solution is to use slots to add interface cards, but FPCs can make similar structures as long as they are designed with adapters, and the directional design is also more flexible.
  • PCB Printed Circuit Board
  • the diversity antenna plate 103 and the diversity antenna 106 are designed to be placed vertically on the main board 101 of the mobile terminal, the main radiation of the diversity antenna 106 is directed toward the top of the mobile terminal, and the main antenna plate 104 and the main antenna
  • the antenna 105 is designed to be placed flat on the ground plate 102 of the mobile terminal, so the main radiation of the main antenna 105 is toward the back of the mobile phone, so the radiation directivity of the main antenna 105 and the diversity antenna 106 are significantly different.
  • the coupling of each antenna and the spatial incoming signal is different, and the received signals of the two antennas can be clearly distinguished, thereby improving the performance of MIMO.
  • the antennas provided in the embodiments of the present application are mainly applicable to a 2*2 MIMO system, and the two antennas may be mutually dominant and in a diversity mode, respectively.
  • the antenna radiation pattern of the mobile phone is in the shape of an Apple pattern centered on the longitudinal axis of the mobile phone, that is, when the mobile phone is placed vertically, the maximum radiation direction is around the mobile phone and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the mobile phone.
  • Direction is, when the mobile phone is placed vertically, the maximum radiation direction is around the mobile phone and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the mobile phone.
  • This solution uses the design of the overall antenna in the mobile terminal to set the main antenna 105 and the diversity antenna 106 to be placed in different directions, which changes the antenna radiation direction so that the radiation of the diversity antenna 106 mainly faces the top of the mobile phone, and the main antenna 105
  • the radiation is mainly directed toward the back of the mobile phone, and the coupling of the two antennas and the spatial incoming wave signal is different, and the signals received by the two antennas can be clearly distinguished to improve the performance of MIMO.
  • the mobile terminal may include a radio frequency (RF, Radio Frequency) circuit 301, a memory 302 including one or more computer-readable storage media, An input unit 303, a display unit 304, a sensor 305, an audio circuit 306, a wireless fidelity (WiFi, Wireless Fidelity) module 307, a processor 308 including one or more processing cores, a power supply 309 and other components.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • a memory 302 including one or more computer-readable storage media
  • An input unit 303 a display unit 304, a sensor 305, an audio circuit 306, a wireless fidelity (WiFi, Wireless Fidelity) module 307, a processor 308 including one or more processing cores, a power supply 309 and other components.
  • WiFi Wireless Fidelity
  • the RF circuit 301 can be used for receiving and sending signals during information transmission or communication. In particular, after receiving the downlink information of the base station, it is processed by one or more processors 308; in addition, the uplink data is sent to the base station. .
  • the RF circuit 301 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, at least one amplifier, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card, a transceiver, a coupler, and a low noise amplifier (LNA, Low Noise Amplifier), duplexer, etc.
  • SIM Subscriber Identity Module
  • LNA Low Noise Amplifier
  • the RF circuit 301 can also communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication.
  • the wireless communication may use any communication standard or protocol, including but not limited to Global System of Mobile communication (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS, General Packet Radio Service), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA, Code Division Multiple Access), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Email, Short Messaging Service (SMS), etc.
  • GSM Global System of Mobile communication
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • Email Short Messaging Service
  • the RF circuit 301 includes the MIMO antenna device described in any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the memory 302 may be used to store software programs and modules.
  • the processor 308 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 302.
  • the memory 302 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area.
  • the program storage area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc.; Data created by the use of mobile terminals (such as audio data, phone book, etc.), etc.
  • the memory 302 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices.
  • the memory 302 may also include a memory controller to provide the processor 308 and the input unit 303 to access the memory 302.
  • the input unit 303 can be used to receive inputted digital or character information, and generate keyboard, mouse, joystick, optical or trackball signal input related to user settings and function control.
  • the input unit 303 may include a touch-sensitive surface and other input devices.
  • a touch-sensitive surface also called a touch screen or a touchpad, can collect user touch operations on or near it (for example, the user uses any suitable objects or accessories such as fingers, stylus, etc.) on the touch-sensitive surface or on the touch-sensitive surface. Operation near the surface), and drive the corresponding connection device according to the preset program.
  • the touch-sensitive surface may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller.
  • the touch detection device detects the user's touch position, detects the signal brought by the touch operation, and transmits the signal to the touch controller; the touch controller receives the touch information from the touch detection device, converts it into contact coordinates, and then sends it To the processor 308, and can receive and execute the commands sent by the processor 308.
  • multiple types such as resistive, capacitive, infrared, and surface acoustic waves can be used to realize touch-sensitive surfaces.
  • the input unit 303 may also include other input devices. Specifically, other input devices may include, but are not limited to, one or more of a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control buttons, switch buttons, etc.), trackball, mouse, and joystick.
  • the display unit 304 can be used to display information input by the user or information provided to the user and various graphical user interfaces of the mobile terminal. These graphical user interfaces can be composed of graphics, text, icons, videos, and any combination thereof.
  • the display unit 304 may include a display panel.
  • a liquid crystal display LCD, Liquid Crystal Display
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • the touch-sensitive surface can cover the display panel. When the touch-sensitive surface detects a touch operation on or near it, it is transmitted to the processor 308 to determine the type of the touch event, and then the processor 308 displays the display panel according to the type of the touch event.
  • Corresponding visual output is provided on the panel.
  • the touch-sensitive surface and the display panel are used as two independent components to realize the input and input functions, in some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface and the display panel may be integrated to realize the input and output functions.
  • the mobile terminal may also include at least one sensor 305, such as a light sensor, a motion sensor, and other sensors.
  • the light sensor may include an ambient light sensor and a proximity sensor.
  • the ambient light sensor can adjust the brightness of the display panel according to the brightness of the ambient light, and the proximity sensor can close the display panel and/or when the mobile terminal is moved to the ear. Backlight.
  • the gravity acceleration sensor can detect the magnitude of acceleration in various directions (usually three-axis), and can detect the magnitude and direction of gravity when it is stationary.
  • mobile phone posture applications such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, related Games, magnetometer posture calibration), vibration recognition related functions (such as pedometer, percussion), etc.; as for other sensors such as gyroscopes, barometers, hygrometers, thermometers, infrared sensors, etc. that can be configured on mobile terminals, we will not Go into details again.
  • the audio circuit 306, speakers, and microphones can provide an audio interface between the user and the mobile terminal.
  • the audio circuit 306 can transmit the electric signal after the conversion of the received audio data to the speaker, which is converted into a sound signal for output by the speaker; on the other hand, the microphone converts the collected sound signal into an electric signal, which is received by the audio circuit 306 and then converted
  • the audio data is processed by the audio data output processor 308, and then sent to, for example, another mobile terminal via the RF circuit 301, or the audio data is output to the memory 302 for further processing.
  • the audio circuit 306 may also include an earplug jack to provide communication between a peripheral earphone and the mobile terminal.
  • WiFi is a short-range wireless transmission technology.
  • mobile mobile terminals can help users send and receive emails, browse web pages, and access streaming media. It provides users with wireless broadband Internet access.
  • FIG. 3 shows the WiFi module 307, it is understandable that it is not a necessary component of the mobile terminal and can be omitted as needed without changing the essence of the application.
  • the processor 308 is the control center of the mobile terminal. It uses various interfaces and lines to connect the various parts of the entire mobile phone. By running or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 302, and calling data stored in the memory 302, Perform various functions of the mobile terminal and process data to monitor the mobile phone as a whole.
  • the processor 308 may include one or more processing cores; preferably, the processor 308 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, where the application processor mainly processes the operating system, user interface, application programs, etc. , The modem processor mainly deals with wireless communication. It can be understood that the foregoing modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 308.
  • the mobile terminal also includes a power source 309 (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components.
  • a power source 309 such as a battery
  • the power source can be logically connected to the processor 308 through a power management system, so that functions such as charging, discharging, and power consumption management can be managed through the power management system.
  • the power supply 309 may also include any components such as one or more DC or AC power supplies, a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, and a power status indicator.
  • the mobile terminal may also include a camera, a Bluetooth module, etc., which will not be repeated here.
  • the processor 308 in the mobile terminal loads the executable file corresponding to the process of one or more application programs into the memory 302 according to the following instructions, and the processor 308 runs the executable file stored in the memory 302.
  • the application program in the memory 302 realizes various functions.

Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种MIMO天线装置及移动终端；所述MIMO天线装置包括：所述MIMO天线至少包括一主集天线和一分集天线，所述主集天线设置在主集天线小板上，所述主集天线小板水平放置在接地板上，所述分集天线设置在分集天线小板上，所述分集天线小板竖直放置在主板上，所述主板水平放置在所述接地板上。

Description

一种MIMO天线装置及移动终端
本申请要求于2019年12月27日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911378916.X、发明名称为“一种MIMO天线装置及移动终端”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信传输技术领域，具体涉及一种MIMO天线装置及移动终端。
 背景技术
MIMO（Multi Input Multi Output，多输入多输出）技术作为5G通讯一个重要技术手段，越来越多的在设计时被当做重要指标进行考量。MIMO技术是指能在不增加带宽的情况下，成倍地提高通信系统的容量和频谱利用率。MIMO技术中，接收机和发射机同时配置多个天线进行通讯，如图1所示，发射端同2个天线同时发射X1和X2两个信号，吞吐量翻倍；MIMO性能的好坏，非常依赖于MIMO信道模型的质量，即两路信号通过空间传输后，并被终端的2个天线接收后，手机芯片对两路信号可明显区分；MIMO信道模型由基站天线的方向图，空间传输环境以及终端天线的方向图一起构成；MIMO理论正是利用了这些信号在空间传输时造成的幅度，相位，时延方面的变化，来达到多天线传输多路信号的目的。对于终端来讲，优化MIMO的性能可以通过优化终端天线的方向图来达成。
以手机为例，天线辐射方向图主要由主板的电线接地端（GND）和天线的相对关系决定，天线辐射方向图是指在离天线一定距离处，辐射场的相对场强（归一化模值）随方向变化的图形，是对天线辐射特性的图形描述方法，可以从天线方向图中观察到天线的各项参数。常规设计的手机天线辐射方向图呈以手机纵轴为中心的苹果图状，主集天线（MIMO天线1）和分集天线（MIMO天线2）方向图均是如此，比较类似，所以构成的MIMO信道模型并不优良，MIMO性能比较差。因此，如何通过优化终端天线的方向图来对MIMO性能进行优化，即一个设计难题。
 技术问题
本申请实施例提供一种MIMO天线装置及移动终端，通过优化移动终端天线的方向图来对MIMO性能进行优化。
 技术解决方案
第一方面，本申请实施例提供的一种MIMO天线装置，其包括：
所述MIMO天线至少包括一主集天线和一分集天线；
所述主集天线设置在主集天线小板上，所述主集天线小板水平放置在接地板上；
所述分集天线设置在分集天线小板上，所述分集天线小板竖直放置在主板上，所述主板水平放置在所述接地板上。
在所述的MIMO天线装置中，所述分集天线设置在分集天线小板上，包括：
所述分集天线设置在所述分集天线小板朝向移动终端底部的一侧。
在所述的MIMO天线装置中，所述主集天线小板水平放置在接地板上，包括：
所述主集天线小板的电线接地端与所述接地板相连。
在所述的MIMO天线装置中，所述分集天线小板竖直放置在主板上，包括：
所述分集天线小板设置所述分集天线的一面与所述主板的表面呈预设角度；
所述预设角度的范围为90至120度。
在所述的MIMO天线装置中，所述主集天线通过天线弹片与所述主集天线小板相连，所述分集天线通过所述天线弹片与所述分集天线小板相连。
在所述的MIMO天线装置中，所述分集天线小板通过柔性电缆与所述主板相连，天线调谐器位于所述分集天线小板上，所述天线调谐器通过柔性电路板与所述主板相连。
在所述的MIMO天线装置中，所述分集天线小板通过柔性电缆与所述主板相连，包括：
所述分集天线小板上的射频信号通过所述柔性电缆线与所述主板上的射频信号相连。
在所述的MIMO天线装置中，所述分集天线的辐射朝向所述移动终端的顶部，所述主集天线的辐射朝向所述移动终端的背部。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种移动终端，所述主集天线设置在所述移动终端的底部，所述分集天线设置在所述移动终端的顶部。
在所述的移动终端中，所述移动终端包括上述的MIMO天线装置。
 有益效果
本申请实施例提供一种MIMO天线装置及移动终端，所述MIMO天线装置包括：所述MIMO天线至少包括一主集天线和一分集天线，所述主集天线设置在主集天线小板上，所述主集天线小板水平放置在接地板上，所述分集天线设置在分集天线小板上，所述分集天线小板竖直放置在主板上，所述主板水平放置在所述接地板上。本方案通过对主集天线和分集天线的设置，使得主集天线和分集天线的辐射方向显著不同，两个天线与空间来波信号的耦合不同，可以明显区分出两个天线所接收的信号，进而提高MIMO的性能。
 附图说明
图1是本申请背景技术提供的MIMO天线技术的示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种MIMO天线装置的示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的移动终端的结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
本申请实施例提供一种MIMO天线装置及移动终端。本申请实施例提供的天线结构集成在移动终端中，移动终端可以为手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑等设备。设置有MIMO天线装置的移动终端可以通过无线网络与网络设备(例如，服务器)或其他移动终端(例如，智能手机)通信，完成与网络设备或其他移动终端之间的信息收发。
如图2所示，本申请实施例提供的一种MIMO天线装置包括：移动终端中设置的MIMO天线至少包括一主集天线105和一分集天线106，主集天线105设置在移动终端的底部，分集天线106设置在移动终端的顶部；移动终端中还包括主板101和接地板102，主集天线105设置在主集天线小板104上，主集天线小板104水平放置在接地板102上，分集天线106设置在分集天线小板103上，分集天线小板103竖直放置在主板101上，主板101水平放置在接地板102上。
其中，对于主集天线105和分集天线106的设置并没有严格的要求，通常把同时实现发射和接收的一个天线叫主集天线，另外一个只实现接收的天线叫分集天线。移动终端中的MIMO天线的类型包括：PIFA(Planar Inverted F-shaped Antenna，平面倒F型天线)、IFA (Inverted F-shaped Antenna，倒F型天线)、Monopole(单极子天线)、Loop (Loop antenna，环形天线)。
可选的，在本申请实施例中，移动终端的接地板102可以为前壳补强钢板，也可以是其他用来做整机接地的材料。
其中，分集天线106设置在分集天线小板103朝向移动终端底部的一侧，分集天线小板103设置有分集天线106的一面与移动终端主板101的表面呈预设的角度，预设角度的范围为90至120度，可以包含两个端值。
可选的，主集天线小板104和分集天线小板103的形状没有特殊要求，可以为矩形平板，也可以是不规则形状的平板。主集天线小板104一般设置在移动终端的底部，使得主集天线小板104不会和移动终端的内部结构有干涉。主集天线105和分集天线106在各自天线小板上的布局没有特殊要求，主集天线105和分集天线106可以形成任意的形状设置在各自的小板上，对主集天线105和分集天线106的形状不做规定。
可选的，在本申请实施例中，主板101与接地板102为矩形，主板101水平放置在接地板102上，主板101的边缘与接地102板的边缘重合。主板101与接地板102也可以不必准确地为矩形，主板101的边缘也可以不与接地板102的边缘重合，主板101可以小于接地板102。
其中，主集天线小板104的电线接地端与移动终端的接地板102相连，移动终端主板101的电线接地端也与接地板102相连，分集天线小板103的电线接地端单独设置，不与接地板102连接，分集天线106的电线接地端呈竖直状态，分集天线106的方向才会和主集天线105的方向差异比较大，区分出两个天线的接收信号，进而提高MIMO性能。
其中，主集天线105与主集天线小板104通过天线弹片连接，分集天线106与分集天线小板103通过天线弹片连接。分集天线小板103通过可折弯的柔性电缆与主板101相连，天线调谐器设置于分集天线小板103上，天线调谐器通过柔性电路板与主板101相连。
其中，柔性电缆（Flexible cable）连接的是分集天线小板103上的射频信号与主板101上的射频信号，射频（RF-Radio Frequency）信号就是经过调制的，拥有一定发射频率的电波。连接分集天线小板103和主板101的柔性电缆是拖链运动系统中，电力传输材料，信号传递载体的首选电缆，又名：拖链电缆，拖曳电缆，移动电缆，机器人电缆等。柔性电缆的导线结构主要依据 DIN VDE 0295和IEC 228标准的绞合铜导线结构，护套多采用低黏性，柔性耐磨材料，以减缓电缆在连续往返移动中的磨损率。
其中，分集天线小板103需要控制的天线调谐器（tuner）简称天调，用于发射机和天线之间，调谐时，微处理器控制模数转换器将检测电路提供的取样参数量化为数字信号，然后读入到内存中，处理后控制匹配网络状态变化，实现阻抗匹配。天线调谐器是连接发射机与天线的一种阻抗匹配网络，它能使发射机与天线之间阻抗匹配，从而使天线在任何频率上有最大的辐射功率。其广泛用于地面、车载、舰载及航空短波电台中。天线调谐器由匹配网络，检测电路和控制电路组成。
其中，连接分集天线小板103上的天线调谐器与主板101的柔性电路板（Flexible Printed Circuit，简称为FPC）是以聚酰亚胺或聚酯薄膜为基材制成的一种具有高度可靠性，绝佳的可挠性印刷电路板，具有配线密度高、重量轻、厚度薄、弯折性好的特点。FPC不仅是可以挠曲的电路板，同时它也是连成立体线路结构的重要设计方式，这种结构搭配其他电子产品设计，可以构建出各式各样不同的应用，从这点来看，FPC与印制电路板（ Printed Circuit Board，简称为PCB）是不同的。对于PCB板而言，在一般状况下都是平面式的，而FPC实现了充分利用立体空间的目的。以PCB板而言，目前常见的空间延伸方案就是利用插槽加上介面卡，但是FPC只要以转接设计就可以做出类似结构，且在方向性设计也较有弹性。
其中，由于分集天线小板103和分集天线106的设计方式为竖直放置在移动终端的主板101上，所以分集天线106的主要辐射朝向移动终端的顶部方向，主集天线小板104和主集天线105的设计方式为平放在移动终端的接地板102上，所以主集天线105的主要辐射朝向手机背部方向，这样主集天线105和分集天线106两个天线的辐射方向性显著不同，两个天线与空间来波信号的耦合不同，可以明显区分出两个天线的接收信号，进而提高MIMO的性能。
可选的，本申请实施例中提供的天线主要适用于2*2MIMO系统，两个天线分别可以互为主集、分集形式。
在本申请实施例中，以手机为例，手机的天线辐射图呈以手机纵轴为中心的苹果图状，即手机竖直放置时最大的辐射方向为环绕手机并与手机纵长轴垂直的方向，本方案通过对移动终端中整体天线的设计，设置主集天线105和分集天线106不同的放置方向，改变了天线的辐射方向，使得分集天线106的辐射主要朝向手机顶部，主集天线105的辐射主要朝向手机的背部，两个天线与空间来波信号的耦合不同，可以明显区分出两个天线所接收的信号，来提高MIMO的性能。
相应的，本申请实施例还提供一种移动终端，如图3所示，该移动终端可以包括射频（RF，Radio Frequency）电路301、包括有一个或一个以上计算机可读存储介质的存储器302、输入单元303、显示单元304、传感器305、音频电路306、无线保真（WiFi，Wireless Fidelity)模块307、包括有一个或者一个以上处理核心的处理器308、以及电源309等部件。本领域技术人员可以理解，图3中示出的移动终端结构并不构成对移动终端的限定，可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。其中：
RF电路301可用于收发信息或通话过程中，信号的接收和发送，特别地，将基站的下行信息接收后，交由一个或者一个以上处理器308处理；另外，将涉及上行的数据发送给基站。通常，RF电路301包括但不限于天线、至少一个放大器、调谐器、一个或多个振荡器、用户身份模块（SIM，Subscriber Identity Module）卡、收发信机、耦合器、低噪声放大器（LNA，Low Noise Amplifier）、双工器等。此外，RF电路301还可以通过无线通信与网络和其他设备通信。所述无线通信可以使用任一通信标准或协议，包括但不限于全球移动通讯系统（GSM，Global System of Mobile communication）、通用分组无线服务（GPRS ，General Packet Radio Service）、码分多址（CDMA，Code Division Multiple Access）、宽带码分多址（WCDMA，Wideband Code Division Multiple Access）、长期演进（LTE，Long Term Evolution)、电子邮件、短消息服务（SMS，Short Messaging Service)等。
在本申请实施例中，RF电路301包括上述实施例中任一实施例所描述的MIMO天线装置。
存储器302可用于存储软件程序以及模块，处理器308通过运行存储在存储器302的软件程序以及模块，从而执行各种功能应用以及数据处理。存储器302可主要包括存储程序区和存储数据区，其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需的应用程序（比如声音播放功能、图像播放功能等）等；存储数据区可存储根据移动移动终端的使用所创建的数据（比如音频数据、电话本等）等。此外，存储器302可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其他易失性固态存储器件。相应地，存储器302还可以包括存储器控制器，以提供处理器308和输入单元303对存储器302的访问。
输入单元303可用于接收输入的数字或字符信息，以及产生与用户设置以及功能控制有关的键盘、鼠标、操作杆、光学或者轨迹球信号输入。具体地，在一个具体的实施例中，输入单元303可包括触敏表面以及其他输入设备。触敏表面，也称为触摸显示屏或者触控板，可收集用户在其上或附近的触摸操作（比如用户使用手指、触笔等任何适合的物体或附件在触敏表面上或在触敏表面附近的操作），并根据预先设定的程式驱动相应的连接装置。可选的，触敏表面可包括触摸检测装置和触摸控制器两个部分。其中，触摸检测装置检测用户的触摸方位，并检测触摸操作带来的信号，将信号传送给触摸控制器；触摸控制器从触摸检测装置上接收触摸信息，并将它转换成触点坐标，再送给处理器308，并能接收处理器308发来的命令并加以执行。此外，可以采用电阻式、电容式、红外线以及表面声波等多种类型实现触敏表面。除了触敏表面，输入单元303还可以包括其他输入设备。具体地，其他输入设备可以包括但不限于物理键盘、功能键（比如音量控制按键、开关按键等）、轨迹球、鼠标、操作杆等中的一种或多种。
显示单元304可用于显示由用户输入的信息或提供给用户的信息以及移动终端的各种图形用户接口，这些图形用户接口可以由图形、文本、图标、视频和其任意组合来构成。显示单元304可包括显示面板，可选的，可以采用液晶显示器（LCD，Liquid Crystal Display）、有机发光二极管（OLED，Organic Light-Emitting Diode）等形式来配置显示面板。进一步的，触敏表面可覆盖显示面板，当触敏表面检测到在其上或附近的触摸操作后，传送给处理器308以确定触摸事件的类型，随后处理器308根据触摸事件的类型在显示面板上提供相应的视觉输出。虽然在图3中，触敏表面与显示面板是作为两个独立的部件来实现输入和输入功能，但是在某些实施例中，可以将触敏表面与显示面板集成而实现输入和输出功能。
移动终端还可包括至少一种传感器305，比如光传感器、运动传感器以及其他传感器。具体地，光传感器可包括环境光传感器及接近传感器，其中，环境光传感器可根据环境光线的明暗来调节显示面板的亮度，接近传感器可在移动终端移动到耳边时，关闭显示面板和/或背光。作为运动传感器的一种，重力加速度传感器可检测各个方向上（一般为三轴）加速度的大小，静止时可检测出重力的大小及方向，可用于识别手机姿态的应用（比如横竖屏切换、相关游戏、磁力计姿态校准）、振动识别相关功能（比如计步器、敲击）等; 至于移动终端还可配置的陀螺仪、气压计、湿度计、温度计、红外线传感器等其他传感器，在此不再赘述。
音频电路306、扬声器，传声器可提供用户与移动终端之间的音频接口。音频电路306可将接收到的音频数据转换后的电信号，传输到扬声器，由扬声器转换为声音信号输出；另一方面，传声器将收集的声音信号转换为电信号，由音频电路306接收后转换为音频数据，再将音频数据输出处理器308处理后，经RF电路301以发送给比如另一移动终端，或者将音频数据输出至存储器302以便进一步处理。音频电路306还可能包括耳塞插孔，以提供外设耳机与移动终端的通信。
WiFi属于短距离无线传输技术，移动移动终端通过WiFi模块307可以帮助用户收发电子邮件、浏览网页和访问流式媒体等，它为用户提供了无线的宽带互联网访问。虽然图3示出了WiFi模块307，但是可以理解的是，其并不属于移动终端的必须构成，完全可以根据需要在不改变申请的本质的范围内而省略。
处理器308是移动终端的控制中心，利用各种接口和线路连接整个手机的各个部分，通过运行或执行存储在存储器302内的软件程序和/或模块，以及调用存储在存储器302内的数据，执行移动终端的各种功能和处理数据，从而对手机进行整体监控。可选的，处理器308可包括一个或多个处理核心；优选的，处理器308可集成应用处理器和调制解调处理器，其中，应用处理器主要处理操作系统、用户界面和应用程序等，调制解调处理器主要处理无线通信。可以理解的是，上述调制解调处理器也可以不集成到处理器308中。
移动终端还包括给各个部件供电的电源309（比如电池），优选的，电源可以通过电源管理系统与处理器308逻辑相连，从而通过电源管理系统实现管理充电、放电、以及功耗管理等功能。电源309还可以包括一个或一个以上的直流或交流电源、再充电系统、电源故障检测电路、电源转换器或者逆变器、电源状态指示器等任意组件。
尽管未示出，移动终端还可以包括摄像头、蓝牙模块等，在此不再赘述。具体在本实施例中，移动终端中的处理器308会按照如下的指令，将一个或一个以上的应用程序的进程对应的可执行文件加载到存储器302中，并由处理器308来运行存储在存储器302中的应用程序，从而实现各种功能。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上对本申请实施例所提供的一种MIMO天线及移动终端进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的技术人员，依据本申请的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种MIMO天线装置，其中，包括：
    所述MIMO天线至少包括一主集天线和一分集天线；
    所述主集天线设置在主集天线小板上，所述主集天线小板水平放置在接地板上；
    所述分集天线设置在分集天线小板上，所述分集天线小板竖直放置在主板上，所述主板水平放置在所述接地板上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线装置，其中，所述分集天线设置在分集天线小板上，包括：
    所述分集天线设置在所述分集天线小板朝向移动终端底部的一侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线装置，其中，所述分集天线小板竖直放置在主板上，包括：
    所述分集天线小板设置所述分集天线的一面与所述主板的表面呈预设角度；
    所述预设角度的范围为90至120度。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线装置，其中，所述分集天线包括：
    所述分集天线设置在所述分集天线小板朝向移动终端底部的一侧；
    所述分集天线小板设置所述分集天线的一面与所述主板的表面呈预设角度；
    所述预设角度的范围为90至120度。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线装置，其中，所述主集天线小板水平放置在接地板上，包括：
    所述主集天线小板的电线接地端与所述接地板相连。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线装置，其中，所述主集天线通过天线弹片与所述主集天线小板相连，所述分集天线通过所述天线弹片与所述分集天线小板相连。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线装置，其中，所述分集天线小板通过柔性电缆与所述主板相连，天线调谐器位于所述分集天线小板上，所述天线调谐器通过柔性电路板与所述主板相连。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的MIMO天线装置，其中，所述分集天线小板通过柔性电缆与所述主板相连，包括：
    所述分集天线小板上的射频信号通过所述柔性电缆线与所述主板上的射频信号相连。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线装置，其中，所述分集天线的辐射朝向所述移动终端的顶部，所述主集天线的辐射朝向所述移动终端的背部。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线装置，其中，所述主集天线设置在所述移动终端的底部，所述分集天线设置在所述移动终端的顶部。
  11. 一种移动终端，其中，包括：
    所述MIMO天线至少包括一主集天线和一分集天线；
    所述主集天线设置在主集天线小板上，所述主集天线小板水平放置在接地板上；
    所述分集天线设置在分集天线小板上，所述分集天线小板竖直放置在主板上，所述主板水平放置在所述接地板上。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的移动终端，其中，所述分集天线设置在分集天线小板上，包括：
    所述分集天线设置在所述分集天线小板朝向移动终端底部的一侧。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的移动终端，其中，所述分集天线小板竖直放置在主板上，包括：
    所述分集天线小板设置所述分集天线的一面与所述主板的表面呈预设角度；
    所述预设角度的范围为90至120度。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的移动终端，其中，所述分集天线包括：
    所述分集天线设置在所述分集天线小板朝向移动终端底部的一侧；
    所述分集天线小板设置所述分集天线的一面与所述主板的表面呈预设角度；
    所述预设角度的范围为90至120度。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的移动终端，其中，所述主集天线小板水平放置在接地板上，包括：
    所述主集天线小板的电线接地端与所述接地板相连。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的移动终端，其中，所述主集天线通过天线弹片与所述主集天线小板相连，所述分集天线通过所述天线弹片与所述分集天线小板相连。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的移动终端，其中，所述分集天线小板通过柔性电缆与所述主板相连，天线调谐器位于所述分集天线小板上，所述天线调谐器通过柔性电路板与所述主板相连。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的移动终端，其中，所述分集天线小板通过柔性电缆与所述主板相连，包括：
    所述分集天线小板上的射频信号通过所述柔性电缆线与所述主板上的射频信号相连。
  19. 根据权利要求11所述的移动终端，其中，所述分集天线的辐射朝向所述移动终端的顶部，所述主集天线的辐射朝向所述移动终端的背部。
  20. 根据权利要求11所述的移动终端，其中，所述主集天线设置在所述移动终端的底部，所述分集天线设置在所述移动终端的顶部。
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