WO2021125107A1 - 制御方法、装置、および、プログラム - Google Patents
制御方法、装置、および、プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021125107A1 WO2021125107A1 PCT/JP2020/046398 JP2020046398W WO2021125107A1 WO 2021125107 A1 WO2021125107 A1 WO 2021125107A1 JP 2020046398 W JP2020046398 W JP 2020046398W WO 2021125107 A1 WO2021125107 A1 WO 2021125107A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
- G06Q20/389—Keeping log of transactions for guaranteeing non-repudiation of a transaction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/02—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols involving a neutral party, e.g. certification authority, notary or trusted third party [TTP]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
- G06Q20/382—Payment protocols; Details thereof insuring higher security of transaction
- G06Q20/3825—Use of electronic signatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
- G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
- G06Q20/401—Transaction verification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q30/00—Commerce
- G06Q30/06—Buying, selling or leasing transactions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to control methods, devices, and programs.
- the technology for aligning the operation policy or operation timing is disclosed even in the situation where there are multiple administrators in the system using the distributed ledger.
- the present invention provides a control method for suppressing an increase in power consumption of a computer system that manages contracts.
- the control method is a control method executed by one of the plurality of devices in a contract management system including a plurality of devices having a distributed ledger, and is a first user.
- (1) The transaction data is acquired, the acquired first transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger, and the predetermined value included as the first variable in the first transaction data stored in the distributed ledger is read out and described.
- the storage process of storing in the rewritable storage unit of one device is executed, the second transaction data including the change instruction for changing the first variable to the identification information of the third user is acquired, and the acquired second transaction.
- a change process for changing the first variable stored in the storage unit according to the change command is executed, and the first (I)
- a recording medium such as a system, an apparatus, an integrated circuit, a computer program or a computer-readable CD-ROM, and the system, the apparatus, the integrated circuit, the computer program. And may be realized by any combination of recording media.
- the control method of the present invention can suppress an increase in power consumption of a computer system that manages contracts.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an example of a contract flow according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the contract management system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the ledger server according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a first example of transaction data according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of transaction data according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a third example of transaction data according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth example of transaction data according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a first sequence diagram showing the processing of the contract management system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a second sequence diagram showing the processing of the contract management system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a first example of transaction data according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of transaction data according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a flow chart showing the processing of the ledger server according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of transaction data according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a sequence diagram showing the processing of the contract management system according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a modified example of the supply chain.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a data structure of the blockchain.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a data structure of transaction data.
- the present invention provides a control method for suppressing an increase in power consumption of a computer system that manages contracts.
- the control method is executed by one of the plurality of devices in a contract management system including a plurality of devices having a distributed ledger.
- the first variable indicating an authorized person who has the authority to recognize the first contract between the first user and the second user as valid, and a predetermined value indicating that the authorized person is undecided.
- the first transaction data including the set first variable is acquired, the acquired first transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger, and the first transaction data stored in the distributed ledger is included as the first variable.
- Second transaction data including a change instruction that reads the predetermined value and stores it in the rewritable storage unit of the one device, and changes the first variable to the identification information of the third user.
- the acquired second transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger, the second transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger, and then the first variable stored in the storage unit is stored in accordance with the change instruction.
- the change process to be changed is executed, the third transaction data including the performance order for executing the fulfillment process for fulfilling the first contract is acquired, the acquired third transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger, and the third is said.
- This is a control method for executing the fulfillment process in accordance with the fulfillment command when it is determined that the first variable stored in the storage unit is other than the predetermined value after the transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger. ..
- the transaction data corresponding to the first contract is managed using the distributed ledger, and , The authorized person set after that is properly managed by changing the information. Then, after confirming that the authorized person of the first contract is not undecided, it is managed so that the performance process is executed.
- the processing of the undecided information change is performed by the computer processing of the server, in other words, it is executed without human intervention. Therefore, it is possible to suppress an increase in computer power consumption or a required amount of computer resources. In addition, it is possible to reduce the time and effort required for human processing.
- the control method can suppress an increase in power consumption of the computer system that manages the contract.
- the performance process when executing the fulfillment process, after the third transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger, the identification information of the third user as the authorized person is stored in the first variable stored in the storage unit.
- the performance process may be executed according to the performance order.
- the control method can suppress an increase in power consumption of a computer system that manages a contract involving three parties.
- the first variable further includes an electronic signature of the authorized person to be given to the first transaction data, and when executing the fulfillment process, after storing the third transaction data in the distributed ledger.
- the performance process may be executed according to the performance order.
- the above control method can suppress an increase in power consumption of the computer system that manages the contract while making it possible to confirm that the authorized person has recognized the contract as valid.
- the first transaction data includes a first contract code including the first variable and a storage instruction for storing the first variable in the storage unit, and in the storage process, the first transaction data is the same. It may be performed by executing the storage instruction included in the first contract code by the contract execution unit included in the one device based on the storage in the distributed ledger.
- the process of storing the first transaction data in the storage unit is automatically executed by the smart contract based on the first transaction data being stored in the distributed ledger, in other words, a person intervenes. It is executed without. Therefore, the increase in computer power consumption can be further suppressed, or the required amount of computer resources can be further suppressed. In addition, it is possible to further reduce the time and effort required for human processing. As described above, the control method can further suppress an increase in power consumption of the computer system that manages the contract.
- the first transaction data includes a first contract code including the first variable and a storage instruction for storing the first variable in the storage unit, and in the storage process, the first transaction data is the said.
- the contract execution unit included in the one device executes the storage instruction included in the first contract code
- the first contract code is the storage unit.
- the contract execution unit executes the signature setting function based on the acquired fourth transaction data stored in the distributed ledger. May be good.
- the signature of the authorized person is stored in the storage unit by using the signature setting function prepared in advance included in the first contract code. Since the signature setting function prepared in advance by including it in the first contract code is used, the labor required for human processing is further reduced, the increase in computer power consumption is further suppressed, or the required amount of computer resources is further reduced. It can be further suppressed.
- the second transaction data includes a second contract code including the change instruction
- the change process is included in the one device based on the fact that the second transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger. It may be performed by executing the change instruction by the contract execution unit.
- the process of changing the second information is automatically executed by the smart contract based on the second transaction data being stored in the distributed ledger, in other words, it is executed without human intervention.
- the increase in computer power consumption can be further suppressed, or the required amount of computer resources can be further suppressed.
- the control method can further suppress an increase in power consumption of the computer system that manages the contract.
- the first transaction data includes the electronic signature of the first user and the electronic signature of the second user, and when the first transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger, the first transaction data is described. When both the electronic signature of the first user and the electronic signature of the second user included in the transaction data are successfully verified, the first transaction data may be stored in the distributed ledger.
- the first transaction data corresponding to the first contract includes the electronic signatures of the first user and the second user who have concluded the first contract. Therefore, by verifying each electronic signature, it can be proved that the first user and the second user have certainly concluded the first contract. Therefore, the above control method can manage the contract more appropriately.
- control method further acquires the fifth transaction data including the second variable related to the second contract between the first user and the third user, and stores the acquired fifth transaction data in the distributed ledger.
- the second transaction data may be the second transaction data provided based on the fact that the fifth transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger.
- the fifth transaction data is automatically stored in the distributed ledger.
- the second transaction data for changing the authorized person is stored in the distributed ledger, and the authorized person is changed. Therefore, it is possible to further reduce the time and effort required for human processing, further suppress the increase in computer power consumption, or further suppress the required amount of computer resources.
- the first contract includes a contract in which the first user purchases a material from the second user and delivers the purchased material to a predetermined delivery destination by a predetermined deadline
- the second contract includes the contract.
- a variable indicating the deadline for delivering the product and a variable indicating the delivery destination of the product may be included.
- the control method can appropriately manage the material contract between the first user and the second user and the authority of the material contract.
- the device is one of the plurality of devices in a contract management system including a plurality of devices having a distributed ledger, and is a device of a processing unit and the distributed ledger.
- a ledger storage unit that stores data, an execution unit, and a rewritable storage unit, and the processing unit has an authorized person who has the authority to recognize that the first contract between the first user and the second user is valid.
- the first transaction data including the first variable to be shown and the first variable in which a predetermined value indicating that the authorized person is undecided is set is acquired, and the acquired first transaction data is used as the distributed ledger.
- the execution unit reads the predetermined value included as the first variable in the first transaction data stored in the distributed ledger and stores it in the rewritable storage unit of the one device.
- the processing is executed, and the processing unit further acquires the second transaction data including the change instruction for changing the first variable into the identification information of the third user, and the acquired second transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger.
- the execution unit further executes a change process for changing the first variable stored in the storage unit according to the change command.
- the processing unit further acquires third transaction data including a performance order for executing the performance process for fulfilling the first contract, stores the acquired third transaction data in the distributed ledger, and the execution unit receives the third transaction data. Further, after storing the third transaction data in the distributed ledger, when it is determined that the first variable stored in the storage unit is other than the predetermined value, the fulfillment process is executed according to the fulfillment order. It is a device to do.
- the program according to one aspect of the present invention is a program for causing a computer to execute the above control method.
- a recording medium such as a system, an apparatus, an integrated circuit, a computer program or a computer-readable CD-ROM, and the system, the apparatus, the integrated circuit, the computer program.
- a recording medium such as a system, an apparatus, an integrated circuit, a computer program or a computer-readable CD-ROM, and the system, the apparatus, the integrated circuit, the computer program.
- it may be realized by any combination of recording media.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an example of the contract flow in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a contract involving three parties, Company A, Company B, and Company C, which constitute the supply chain, and the delivery of goods made by the contract.
- Company A is also referred to as a first user
- Company B is also referred to as a second user
- Company C is also referred to as a third user.
- a material contract is a contract in which Company A purchases materials from Company B, and Company B delivers the materials to a delivery destination (also referred to as a material delivery destination).
- the material contract includes the delivery date of the material, the purchase price of the material, and the delivery destination of the material.
- the purchase price of the material and the delivery date of the material have been decided, but it is assumed that the delivery destination of the material is undecided.
- the material delivery destination to be decided in the future recognizes that the contract between company A and company B is valid, it is assumed that the contract is fulfilled.
- the above contract is not fulfilled in its original state, in other words, it is invalid at the time it is concluded.
- the delivery destination of the material and the person who has the authority to recognize the above contract as valid also referred to as the authorized person
- the authorized person is set with information indicating undecided.
- a manufacturing consignment contract (corresponding to the second contract) is concluded between company A and company C.
- the manufacturing consignment contract is a contract that stipulates that Company C manufactures a product from a material and delivers the manufactured product to Company A.
- the material is delivered from Company B.
- the manufacturing consignment contract includes the delivery date of the product, the purchase price of the product, and the delivery destination of the product (also referred to as the delivery destination of the product).
- Company C who is the authorized person, confirms that there is no problem by referring to the contents of the material contract, and recognizes that the material contract is valid ((4) in Fig. 1).
- Company A pays Company B the purchase price of the material related to the material contract ((5a) in Fig. 1), and Company B delivers the material to Company C ((5a in Fig. 1)).
- Company B delivers the material to Company C ((5a in Fig. 1)).
- Company A pays the amount of money related to the manufacturing consignment contract to Company C ((6a) in FIG. 1), and Company C delivers the product to Company A ((6b) in Fig. 1), so that the manufacturing consignment contract is made. Is fulfilled.
- the material delivery destination and the authorized person in the smart contract CA are set to be undecided when the material contract between the company A and the company B is concluded, and then the smart contract CB is set when the manufacturing consignment contract between the company A and the company C is concluded. Is expected to be changed or set by the processing performed by.
- the material delivery destination and the authorized person are stored in a rewritable storage area so that the material delivery destination and the authorized person can be changed or set.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the contract management system 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the contract management system 1 includes ledger servers 10A, 10B and 10C, and terminals 20A, 20B and 20C.
- ledger servers 10A, 10B and 10C are also referred to as “ledger server 10A and the like", and the terminals 20A, 20B and 20C are also referred to as “terminal 20A and the like”.
- the ledger server 10A and the terminal 20A belong to the company A
- the ledger server 10B and the terminal 20B belong to the company B
- the ledger server 10C and the terminal 20C belong to the company C.
- the contract management system 1 shows an example of managing a contract in which three parties are involved, but the number of persons involved in the contract may be four or more.
- Each device included in the contract management system 1 is directly or indirectly connected to the network N and can communicate with each other via the network N.
- the network N may be composed of any communication line or network, and may include, for example, the Internet, a carrier network of a mobile phone, an access network of an Internet provider, a public access network, and the like.
- the ledger server 10A is one of a plurality of ledger servers 10A and the like that manage contracts using a distributed ledger in the contract management system 1.
- the ledger server 10A is also referred to as a device.
- the ledger server 10A has a distributed ledger. Transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger held by the ledger server 10A.
- the transaction data stored in the distributed ledger includes transaction data including a contract code (also simply referred to as a code) related to a smart contract related to a contract.
- the ledger server 10A has a rewritable storage area in addition to the storage area in which the distributed ledger is stored, and stores variables related to the contract in the rewritable storage area.
- the ledger servers 10B and 10C are devices having the same functions as the ledger server 10A, respectively, and operate independently of the ledger server 10A.
- Terminal 20A is an information terminal used by a user belonging to company A.
- the terminal 20A is operated by the user and is used, for example, to generate a smart contract code or to arrange the smart contract code on the ledger server 10A or the like.
- the terminal 20A is, for example, a personal computer, a smartphone, a tablet, or the like.
- the terminals 20B and 20C have the same functions as the terminal 20A, respectively, and are information terminals used by users belonging to the companies B and C, and operate independently of the terminal 20A.
- one or more terminals may belong to each of company A, company B, and company C.
- the terminal 20A may further have the function of the ledger server 10A. In that case, the terminal 20A corresponds to a device that manages contracts using a distributed ledger.
- the terminal 20B may further include the function of the ledger server 10B. In that case, the terminal 20B corresponds to a device that manages contracts using a distributed ledger.
- the terminal 20C may further include the function of the ledger server 10C. In that case, the terminal 20C corresponds to a device that manages contracts using a distributed ledger.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the ledger server 10A according to the present embodiment.
- the ledger server 10A includes a processing unit 11, a ledger storage unit 12, an execution unit 13, and a storage unit 14.
- the processing unit 11 is a functional unit that executes processing related to transaction data.
- the processing unit 11 can be realized by executing a program by a processor (for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit)) included in the ledger server 10A using a memory.
- a processor for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) included in the ledger server 10A using a memory.
- the processing unit 11 acquires transaction data and executes a process of storing the acquired transaction data in the distributed ledger. Further, the processing unit 11 generates transaction data, generates an electronic signature (also simply referred to as a signature) for the generated transaction data, and executes a process of assigning the generated signature to the transaction data.
- an electronic signature also simply referred to as a signature
- the processing unit 11 stores the new transaction data in the distributed ledger
- the processing unit 11 stores the new transaction data in the ledger storage unit 12 by a method according to the type of the distributed ledger. Further, the processing unit 11 transmits and receives communication data to and from the ledger storage unit 12 provided in another ledger server such as the ledger server 10A, and stores the transaction data in the ledger storage unit 12 provided in the other ledger server.
- the distributed ledger is a blockchain
- the processing unit 11 generates a block containing new transaction data, and after forming a consensus algorithm between the ledger server 10A and the like for the generated block, the above-mentioned The block is stored in the ledger storage unit 12.
- the processing unit 11 acquires the first transaction data and stores the acquired first transaction data in the distributed ledger.
- the first transaction data is a variable (also called the first variable) indicating an authorized person who has the authority to recognize the material contract (first contract) between company A and company B as valid, and the authorized person is undecided.
- a variable for which a predetermined value indicating is set As the predetermined value, a numerical value (for example, zero) or a predetermined reserved value that is not actually used to indicate the material delivery destination may be used within the range of the numerical value that can be set in the second variable.
- the processing unit 11 acquires the second transaction data and stores the acquired second transaction data in the distributed ledger.
- the second transaction data includes a change instruction for changing the first variable to the identification information of company C.
- the second transaction data is the second transaction provided based on the fact that the fifth transaction data including the variables (also referred to as the second variables) related to the second contract between the company A and the company C is stored in the distributed ledger. It may be data.
- the processing unit 11 acquires the third transaction data and stores the acquired third transaction data in the distributed ledger.
- the third transaction data includes a performance order that executes a performance process that fulfills the material contract.
- the ledger storage unit 12 is a storage unit that stores the distributed ledger.
- the distributed ledger stored in the ledger storage unit 12 stores one or more transaction data, and is managed so as to be difficult to falsify by using characteristics such as a hash value (described later).
- the ledger storage unit 12 stores the transaction data provided by the processing unit 11 in the distributed ledger. Transaction data from the past to the present is stored in the distributed ledger. Based on the characteristic that it is difficult to falsify the information recorded in the distributed ledger, the transaction data is managed so as not to be falsified.
- the distributed ledger is, for example, a blockchain, and this case will be described as an example, but it is also possible to adopt another type of distributed ledger (for example, IOTA or hash graph).
- the distributed ledger may execute a consensus algorithm (for example, PBFT (Practical Byzantine Facility Resource), PoW (Proof of Work) or PoS (Proof of Stake)) when storing new data. , It may not be executed.
- PBFT Practice Byzantine Facility Resource
- PoW Proof of Work
- PoS Proof of Stake
- Hyperledger fabric is an example of a distributed ledger technology that does not execute a consensus algorithm.
- the execution unit 13 is a functional unit that executes processing by referring to the transaction data stored in the distributed ledger stored in the ledger storage unit 12.
- the execution unit 13 can be realized by executing a program by a processor (for example, a CPU) included in the ledger server 10A using a memory.
- a processor for example, a CPU
- the execution unit 13 is a contract execution unit that executes processing according to the code of the smart contract included in the transaction data stored in the distributed ledger will be described as an example.
- the execution unit 13 reads out a predetermined value included as the first variable in the first transaction data stored in the distributed ledger and stores it in the storage unit 14. Execute the storage process to store.
- the storage process is performed, for example, by the execution unit 13 executing the first contract code based on the fact that the first transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger.
- the execution unit 13 executes the signature setting function based on the acquired fourth transaction data being stored in the distributed ledger. It may be done by executing.
- the first contract code includes a signature setting function that sets a digital signature stored as a first variable in the storage unit 14.
- the execution unit 13 executes a change process of changing the first variable stored in the storage unit 14 according to the change instruction after the second transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger.
- the change process is performed, for example, by executing a change instruction by the execution unit 13 based on the fact that the second transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger.
- the second transaction data includes the change instruction. Includes two contract codes.
- the execution unit 13 determines that the first variable stored in the storage unit 14 is other than a predetermined value after the third transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger, the execution unit 13 executes the performance process according to the performance order. To do.
- the performance process When executing the fulfillment process, after storing the third transaction data in the distributed ledger, it is determined that the identification information of the third user is set as the authority of the first variable stored in the storage unit 14. If so, the performance process may be executed according to the performance order.
- the fulfillment process is executed according to the fulfillment order. May be good.
- the first variable further includes the electronic signature of the authorized person to be given to the first transaction data.
- the storage unit 14 is a storage device having a storage area for storing variables.
- the variable is a variable indicating information about the contract, and specifically includes a first variable and a second variable.
- the variables stored in the storage unit 14 are set and read by the execution unit 13.
- the storage unit 14 is realized by a rewritable storage device, for example, a memory such as a RAM (Random Access Memory) or a storage such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or an SSD (Solid State Drive).
- a multi-sig technique in which a plurality of signatures are given may be applied to the first transaction data, and this case will be described as an example. However, even if a single electronic signature is given to the first transaction data. Good.
- the first transaction data may include the electronic signatures of the companies A and B, which are the contractors of the material contract.
- the processing unit 11 stores the first transaction data in the distributed ledger, if the verification of the electronic signatures of each of the companies A and B included in the first transaction data is successful, the first transaction Store the data in the distributed ledger.
- the first contract and the second contract can also be expressed as follows. That is, the first contract includes a contract in which the first user purchases materials from the second user and delivers the purchased materials to a predetermined delivery destination by a predetermined deadline.
- the second contract also includes a contract in which the third user manufactures a product from the material delivered by the second user and delivers it to the first user.
- the second variable includes a variable indicating the purchase price of the product, a variable indicating the deadline for delivering the product, and a variable indicating the delivery destination of the product.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing transaction data TA, which is a first example of transaction data in the present embodiment.
- the transaction data TA corresponds to the first transaction data.
- the transaction data TA is generated by, for example, the ledger server 10A.
- the transaction data TA includes a "smart contract CA code", an "argument to be passed to the initialization function", a "signature 1", a “signature 2”, and a "transmission date and time”. Including.
- the "smart contract CA code” is a variable used by the smart contract CA, and includes a variable unit indicating a variable stored in the storage unit 14. The variable part is shown by a broken line frame in FIG. The same expression will be used hereafter.
- the variables used by the smart contract CA include the amount, material delivery destination, delivery date and material delivery destination signature.
- the amount indicates the amount paid by Company A in the material contract.
- the material delivery destination indicates the delivery destination of the material manufactured by Company B under the material contract.
- the delivery date indicates the date when Company B delivers the material to the material delivery destination.
- the material delivery destination signature indicates the signature that the material delivery destination should attach to the transaction data TA.
- the "smart contract CA code” includes an initialization function, a payment function, and a signature setting function.
- the initialization function is a special function executed by the execution unit 13 when the transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger.
- the initialization function is a special function executed by the execution unit 13 when the transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger. The same applies thereafter.
- the initialization function accepts the amount and delivery date as arguments. Further, when the initialization function is executed, the value is set in the variable indicating the material delivery destination, the variable indicating the amount of money, and the variable indicating the delivery date stored in the storage unit 14. Specifically, when the initialization function is executed, a predetermined value is set for each of the variable indicating the material delivery destination and the material delivery destination signature, the amount received as an argument is set for the variable indicating the amount, and the delivery date is set. Set the delivery date accepted as an argument in the indicated variable.
- the function shown as the initialization function in FIG. 4 is regarded as a general function (that is, a function that is not an initialization function), and the same effect can be obtained even if the function is executed by the transaction data. The same is true for initialization functions contained in the code of other smart contracts.
- the payment function is a function that executes a process of paying the amount of money related to the material contract from company A to company B, which is the contractor of the material contract, in order to fulfill the material contract.
- the payment function executes the verification process of the material delivery destination signature, and if the verification is successful, executes the payment process. If the verification fails, error handling may be performed.
- the material delivery destination signature stored in the storage unit 14 is set.
- the signature setting function accepts a signature as an argument.
- the signature setting function When the signature setting function is executed, the value is set in the variable indicating the material delivery destination signature stored in the storage unit 14. Specifically, when the initialization function is executed, the signature accepted as an argument is set in the variable indicating the material delivery destination signature.
- the "argument to be passed to the initialization function" is an argument to be passed to the initialization function of the smart contract CA, and includes the delivery date (January 1, 2019) and the amount (5 million yen). The information shown as this argument is passed to the initialization function.
- Signature 1 is the first of the two electronic signatures given to the transaction data TA.
- Signature 1 includes the signature SA of Company A.
- Signature 2 is the second of the two electronic signatures given to the transaction data TA.
- Signature 2 includes the signature SB of Company B.
- Send date and time indicates the date and time when the transaction data TA was transmitted. "October 01, 2018 12:00:00" is stored in the transmission date and time.
- the initialization function is executed, and the amount and delivery date passed to the initialization function as arguments are the amount and delivery date of the storage unit 14, respectively. Is set in the variable indicating.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing transaction data TB, which is a second example of transaction data in the present embodiment.
- the transaction data TB is generated by, for example, the ledger server 10A.
- the transaction data TB includes a "smart contract CB code", an "argument to be passed to the initialization function", a "signature 1", a “signature 2”, and a "transmission date and time”. Including.
- Smart contract CB code includes a variable part and an initialization function.
- the variables used by the smart contract CB include the amount, product delivery destination and delivery date.
- the amount indicates the amount paid by Company A in the manufacturing consignment contract.
- the product delivery destination indicates the delivery destination of the product manufactured by Company C under the manufacturing consignment contract.
- the delivery date indicates the date when Company C delivers the product to the product delivery destination.
- the initialization function accepts the amount, delivery date, product delivery destination, contract address, and material delivery destination as arguments.
- the initialization function sets values in the variable indicating the amount of money, the variable indicating the delivery date, the variable indicating the product delivery destination, and the variable indicating the material delivery destination, which are stored in the storage unit 14. .. Specifically, when the initialization function is executed, the amount received as an argument is set in the variable indicating the amount, the delivery date accepted as an argument is set in the variable indicating the delivery date, and the variable indicating the product delivery destination is set. Set the product delivery destination accepted as an argument. When the initialization function is executed, the material delivery destination accepted as an argument is set in the variable indicating the material delivery destination of the smart contract specified from the argument.
- the "argument to be passed to the initialization function" is an argument to be passed to the initialization function of the smart contract CB, and the delivery date (February 1, 2019), the amount (5 million yen), and the product delivery destination (identification of company A). Information), a contract address (address of smart contract CA), and a material delivery destination (identification information of company C).
- the information shown as this argument is passed to the initialization function.
- the identification information of company A set in the product delivery destination which is a variable, may be simply described as company A. The same applies to companies B and C. The same applies thereafter.
- Signature 1 is the first of the two electronic signatures given to the transaction data TB.
- Signature 1 includes the signature SA of Company A.
- Signature 2 is the second of the two electronic signatures given to the transaction data TB.
- Signature 2 includes the signature SC of Company C.
- Send date and time indicates the date and time when the transaction data TB was transmitted. "November 01, 2018 12:00:00" is stored in the transmission date and time.
- the initialization function is executed, and the delivery date, amount, and product delivery destination passed to the initialization function as arguments are stored in the storage unit, respectively. It is set in 14 variables indicating the delivery date, amount, and product delivery destination. Further, the material delivery destination of the smart contract CA is changed to company C based on the contract address passed to the initialization function as an argument and the material delivery destination.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing transaction data TC, which is a third example of transaction data in the present embodiment.
- the transaction data TC is transaction data for executing the signature setting function of the smart contract CA. Storing the transaction data TC in the distributed ledger is equivalent to sending an instruction to execute the signature setting function of the smart contract CA.
- the transaction data TC corresponds to the second transaction data.
- the transaction data TC includes an "executed function", an "argument to be passed to the signature setting function", a "signature”, and a "transmission date and time”.
- “Function to be executed” indicates a function to be executed when the smart contract is stored in the distributed ledger.
- the signature setting function of the smart contract CA is set as the function to be executed.
- the "signature” is an electronic signature given to the transaction data TC.
- the signature includes the signature SA of Company A.
- Send date and time indicates the date and time when the transaction data TC was transmitted. "November 02, 2018, 12:00:00" is stored in the transmission date and time.
- the signature of company C is set to the signature as an argument, and the signature setting function of the smart contract CA is executed. As a result, the material of the smart contract CA is executed. The delivery address signature is changed to the signature of company C.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing transaction data TD, which is a fourth example of transaction data in the present embodiment.
- the transaction data TD is a function for executing the payment function of the smart contract CA. Storing the transaction data TD in the distributed ledger is equivalent to sending an instruction to execute the payment function of the smart contract CA.
- the transaction data TD corresponds to the third transaction data.
- the transaction data TD includes a "function to be executed”, a "signature”, and a "transmission date and time”.
- “Function to be executed” indicates a function to be executed when the smart contract is stored in the distributed ledger.
- the payment function of the smart contract CA is set in the function to be executed.
- the "signature” is an electronic signature given to the transaction data TD.
- the signature includes the signature SA of Company A.
- the payment function of the smart contract CA is executed, and as a result, the payment process of paying the amount of the material contract from the company A to the company C is executed. ..
- 8 and 9 are sequence diagrams showing the processing of the contract management system 1 in the present embodiment. 8 and 9 show a series of processes related to the conclusion of a material contract, the conclusion of a manufacturing consignment contract, and the setting of an authorized person.
- step S101 of FIG. 8 the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10A acquires the code of the smart contract CA.
- the code of the smart contract CA may be acquired by the ledger server 10A generating the code, or by receiving the code transmitted from the terminal 20A based on the operation by the person in charge of the company A. May be good.
- step S102 the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10A generates transaction data TA.
- the generated transaction data TA includes the code of the smart contract CA acquired in step S101 (see FIG. 4).
- step S103 the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10A generates a signature for the transaction data TA generated in step S102, assigns it to the transaction data TA, and transmits the signed transaction data TA to the ledger server 10B.
- step S104 the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10B receives the transaction data TA transmitted in step S103, generates a signature for the received transaction data TA, assigns it to the transaction data TA, and assigns the signature to the transaction.
- Data TA is transmitted to the ledger servers 10A and 10C, respectively.
- all the ledger servers 10A and the like have transaction data TAs with signatures of the ledger servers 10A and 10B, respectively.
- each of the ledger server 10A and the like stores the transaction data TA signed or transmitted in step S104 in the distributed ledger.
- the transaction data TA may be stored in the distributed ledger on condition that consensus building is made based on the consensus algorithm.
- steps S106 and S107 are realized by executing the initialization function of the smart contract CA based on the fact that each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A stores the transaction data TA in the distributed ledger in step S105. ..
- each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A sets the variable indicating the amount of money stored in the storage unit 14 and the variable indicating the delivery date as the amount of money passed as an argument of the initialization function in the transaction data TA. Set the delivery date and so on.
- each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A sets predetermined values in the variables indicating the material delivery destination and the material delivery destination signature stored in the storage unit 14, respectively.
- the predetermined value is a value indicating that the material delivery destination and the material delivery destination signature are undecided.
- step S108 the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10A acquires the code of the smart contract CB.
- the code of the smart contract CB may be acquired by the ledger server 10A generating the code, or by receiving the code transmitted from the terminal 20A based on the operation by the person in charge of the company A. May be good.
- step S109 the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10A generates transaction data TB.
- the generated transaction data TB includes the code of the smart contract CB acquired in step S108 (see FIG. 5).
- step S110 the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10A generates a signature for the transaction data TB generated in step S109, assigns it to the transaction data TB, and transmits the signed transaction data TB to the ledger server 10C.
- step S111 the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10C receives the transaction data TB transmitted in step S110, generates a signature for the received transaction data TB, assigns it to the transaction data TB, and assigns the signature to the transaction.
- Data TB is transmitted to the ledger servers 10A and 10B, respectively.
- all the ledger servers 10A and the like have transaction data TBs signed by the ledger servers 10A and 10C, respectively.
- each of the ledger servers 10A and the like stores the transaction data TB signed or transmitted in step S111 in the distributed ledger.
- the transaction data TB may be stored in the distributed ledger on condition that consensus building is made based on the consensus algorithm.
- each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A executing the initialization function of the smart contract CB based on storing the transaction data TB in the distributed ledger in step S112. ..
- each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A uses transaction data TB to initialize a variable indicating the amount of money stored in the storage unit 14, a variable indicating the delivery date, and a variable indicating the product delivery destination. Set the amount passed as an argument of, the delivery date, and the product delivery destination, respectively.
- each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A sets the identification information of company C in the variable indicating the material delivery destination of the smart contract CA stored in the storage unit 14.
- step S121 the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10C calculates the signature to be attached to the transaction data TA.
- step S122 the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10C generates transaction data TC.
- the generated transaction data TC includes the signature calculated in step S121.
- step S123 the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10C generates a signature for the transaction data TC generated in step S122, assigns it to the transaction data TC, and transmits the signed transaction data TC to the ledger servers 10A and 10B. To do.
- each of the ledger server 10A and the like stores the transaction data TC signed or transmitted in step S123 in the distributed ledger.
- step S125 is realized by executing the signature setting function of the smart contract CA based on the fact that each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A stores the transaction data TC in the distributed ledger in step S124.
- each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A sets the signature passed as an argument of the signature setting function in the transaction data TC to the material delivery destination signature stored in the storage unit 14.
- step S126 the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10A generates transaction data TD.
- step S127 the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10A generates a signature for the transaction data TD generated in step S126, assigns it to the transaction data TD, and transmits the signed transaction data TD to the ledger servers 10B and 10C. To do.
- each of the ledger server 10A and the like stores the transaction data TD signed or transmitted in step S127 in the distributed ledger.
- each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A executing the payment function of the smart contract CA based on storing the transaction data TD in the distributed ledger in step S128.
- each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A executes a verification process of the material delivery destination signature stored in the storage unit 14.
- each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A executes the payment process when it is determined that the verification process of the material delivery destination signature in step S129 is successful.
- the ledger server 10A (that is, company A) generates the code and transaction data of the smart contract related to the material contract and the manufacturing consignment contract, but instead, companies B and C, respectively. You may do so.
- the contract management system 1 can appropriately manage the contract concluded between the company A and the company B, in which the authorized person who is recognized as valid is set. In this way, the contract management system 1 can suppress an increase in power consumption of the computer system that manages the contract while appropriately managing the contract related to the company A, the company B, and the company C.
- the contract management system of this embodiment manages contracts even more appropriately when an authorized person who recognizes the material contract as valid is specified.
- the above-mentioned authorized person who recognizes that the material contract is valid is called an owner, but the name is not limited to this.
- the contract flow in this embodiment is the same as in embodiment 1 (see FIG. 1).
- the configuration of the ledger server 10A and the like is the same as that of the first embodiment (see FIG. 3).
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing transaction data TA1 which is a first example of transaction data in the present embodiment.
- the transaction data TA1 corresponds to the first transaction data.
- the transaction data TA1 is generated by, for example, the ledger server 10A.
- the transaction data TA1 has a "code of smart contract CA1", an "argument to be passed to the initialization function", a "signature 1", a “signature 2”, and a "transmission date and time”. Including.
- the "smart contract CA1 code” includes a variable part, an initialization function, a payment function, and a signature setting function.
- the variable part is a variable used by the smart contract CA1 and indicates a variable stored in the storage unit 14.
- the variables used by the smart contract CA1 include the amount, material delivery destination, delivery date, material delivery destination signature and owner.
- the amount, material delivery destination, delivery date, and material delivery destination signature are the same as those in the smart contract CA of the first embodiment (see FIG. 4).
- the owner indicates the owner of the material contract.
- the initialization function and the payment function are the same as those in the smart contract CA of the first embodiment (see FIG. 4).
- the signature setting function accepts a signature as an argument. Further, when the signature setting function is executed, it determines whether or not the person who executed the signature setting function (also referred to as the executor) is the owner, and when it is determined that the executor is the owner, the signature setting function is stored. The signature accepted as an argument is set in the material delivery destination signature stored in the part 14. If it is determined that the executor is not the owner, a predetermined error processing may be performed.
- the error processing includes, for example, displaying an error message indicating that the executor is not the owner on a display screen of the terminal 20A or the like, or outputting the error message by voice.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing transaction data TB1 which is a second example of transaction data in the present embodiment.
- the transaction data TB1 is generated by, for example, the ledger server 10A.
- the transaction data TB1 has a "code of smart contract CB1", an "argument to be passed to the initialization function", a "signature 1", a “signature 2”, and a "transmission date and time”. Including.
- Smart contract CB1 code includes a variable part and an initialization function.
- the variables used by the smart contract CB1 are the same as those in the smart contract CB in the first embodiment.
- the initialization function accepts the amount, delivery date, product delivery destination, contract address, and material delivery destination as arguments.
- the variable indicating the amount of money, the variable indicating the delivery date, the variable indicating the product delivery destination, the variable indicating the material delivery destination, and the variable indicating the owner are stored in the storage unit 14. Set the value to. Specifically, when the initialization function is executed, the amount received as an argument is set in the variable indicating the amount, the delivery date accepted as an argument is set in the variable indicating the delivery date, and the variable indicating the product delivery destination is set. Set the amount accepted as an argument.
- the material delivery destination accepted as an argument is set in the variable indicating the material delivery destination of the smart contract specified from the argument, and the owner of the smart contract specified from the argument. Set the material delivery destination accepted as an argument to the variable indicating.
- FIG. 12 is a flow chart showing the processing of the ledger server in the present embodiment.
- the flow chart shown in FIG. 12 shows a process executed as the process of step S125 of FIG. 9 of the first embodiment, that is, shows a modified example of the process of step S125.
- each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A executes the signature setting function of the smart contract CA1 based on the fact that the transaction data TC is stored in the distributed ledger in step S124. It is realized by doing.
- each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A determines whether or not the executor of the signature setting function is the owner. Since the executor of the signature setting function is the sender of the instruction for executing the signature setting function, that is, the sender of the transaction data TC (see FIG. 6), the sender of the communication packet including the transaction data TC or the transaction data TC. Can be identified from the signature. If it is determined that the executor is the owner (Yes in step S125A), the process proceeds to step S125B, and if not (No in step S125A), the process proceeds to step S125C.
- each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A sets the signature passed as the argument of the signature setting function in the transaction data TC to the material delivery destination signature stored in the storage unit 14.
- step S125C each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A executes error processing. Note that step S125C does not have to be performed.
- the person who can set the material delivery destination signature by executing the signature setting function can be limited to the owner who is the authorized person who is determined as the person who recognizes the material contract as valid.
- the signature of the owner who is the authorized person who recognizes the material contract as valid is stored in the transaction data corresponding to the manufacturing consignment contract from the beginning, so that the transaction data is transmitted and received the number of times. Contribute to reducing.
- the transaction data TA including the smart contract CA corresponding to the material contract is used (see FIG. 4).
- the signature setting function is not used, it does not have to be included in the smart contract CA.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing transaction data TB2, which is an example of transaction data in the present embodiment.
- the transaction data TB2 corresponds to the second transaction data.
- the transaction data TB2 is generated by, for example, the ledger server 10A.
- the transaction data TB2 includes "code of smart contract CB2", "argument to be passed to the initialization function", "signature 1", “signature 2”, and "transmission date and time”. Including.
- Smart contract CB2 code includes a variable part and an initialization function.
- the variables used by the smart contract CB2 are the same as those in the smart contract CB in the first embodiment.
- the initialization function accepts the amount, delivery date, product delivery destination, contract address, material delivery destination, and material delivery destination signature as arguments.
- the variable indicating the amount of money, the variable indicating the delivery date, the variable indicating the product delivery destination, the variable indicating the material delivery destination, and the material delivery destination signature are stored in the storage unit 14.
- the material delivery destination of the smart contract specified from the argument is set in the variable indicating the material delivery destination of the smart contract, and the material of the smart contract specified from the argument is set.
- the "argument to be passed to the initialization function" is an argument to be passed to the initialization function of the smart contract CB2, and the delivery date (February 1, 2019), the amount (5 million yen), and the product delivery destination (identification of company A). Information), a contract address (address of smart contract CA), a material delivery destination (identification information of company C), and a material delivery destination signature (signature SC of company C).
- FIG. 14 is a sequence diagram showing the processing of the contract management system according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 14 shows a series of processes related to the conclusion of a material contract, the generation of a signature by an authorized person, and the setting of the conclusion of a manufacturing consignment contract.
- step S101 to step S107 shown in FIG. 14 is the same as that in FIG.
- step S107A the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10C calculates the signature to be attached to the transaction data TA received in step S104, and transmits the calculated signature to the ledger server 10A.
- step S108A the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10A acquires the code of the smart contract CB2.
- the code of the smart contract CB2 may be acquired by the ledger server 10A generating the code, or by receiving the code transmitted from the terminal 20A based on the operation by the person in charge of the company A. May be good.
- step S109A the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10A generates transaction data TB2.
- the generated transaction data TB2 includes the code of the smart contract CB2 acquired in step S108A (see FIG. 13), and the signature to be attached to the transaction data TA received from the ledger server 10C in step S107A. It is set as an argument of the initialization function.
- step S110 as in the case of the first embodiment, the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10A generates a signature for the transaction data TB2 generated in step S109A, assigns the signature to the transaction data TB2, and transmits the signature to the ledger server 10C. To do.
- step S111 as in the case of the first embodiment, the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10C assigns a signature to the transaction data TB transmitted in step S110 and transmits the signature to the ledger servers 10A and 10B, respectively.
- the processing unit 11 of the ledger server 10C assigns a signature to the transaction data TB transmitted in step S110 and transmits the signature to the ledger servers 10A and 10B, respectively.
- all the ledger servers 10A and the like have transaction data TBs signed by the ledger servers 10A and 10C, respectively.
- each of the ledger servers 10A and the like stores the transaction data TB2 signed or transmitted in step S111 in the distributed ledger.
- steps S113 and S114A are realized by executing the initialization function of the smart contract CB2 based on the fact that each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A stores the transaction data TB in the distributed ledger in step S112A. ..
- each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A initializes the variable indicating the amount of money stored in the storage unit 14, the variable indicating the delivery date, and the variable indicating the product delivery destination with the transaction data TB. Set the amount passed as the argument of the function, the delivery date, and the product delivery destination, respectively.
- each processing unit 11 such as the ledger server 10A sets the signature of company C in the variable indicating the material delivery destination signature of the smart contract CA stored in the storage unit 14.
- step S114A the same processing as steps S126 to S130 of the first embodiment is executed (not shown).
- the contract management system 1 puts the signature of the owner who is the authority who recognizes the material contract as valid in the transaction data corresponding to the manufacturing consignment contract from the beginning, so that the transaction data can be obtained. It is possible to suppress an increase in power consumption of a computer system that manages contracts while reducing the number of transmissions and receptions.
- the authorized person can be set to any person, but for example, when assuming a contract group in the product supply chain, the contractor of the contract downstream from the contract may be set to the authorized person. This is because the content of the upstream contract in the supply chain affects the content of the downstream contract. More specifically, the delivery date in the upstream contract in the supply chain affects the delivery date in the downstream contract, and the amount in the upstream contract in the supply chain affects the amount in the downstream contract. is there.
- a material contract is made because the manufacturing consignment contract concluded between company A and company C is more downstream than the material contract concluded between company A and company B.
- the authorized person who recognizes that is valid may be set as company C.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a modified example of the supply chain.
- company A which is the seller of the product, has a material contract with each of company B and company F, which are material manufacturers.
- the material delivery destination of company B is company D
- the material delivery destination of company F is company G.
- Company A has entered into a manufacturing consignment contract with the product manufacturer, Company P.
- Company P has entered into parts supply contracts with companies D and G, which are contracts related to the supply of parts used in products.
- Company P manufactures products from the parts delivered by companies D and G, and delivers them to company A.
- the authority of the material contract concluded between the company A and the company B is the company D, which is the contractor of the parts supply contract or the manufacturing consignment contract, which is a contract downstream from the material contract. It may be set to company P. Similarly, the authority of the parts supply contract concluded between the D company and the P company may be set to the A company which is the contractor of the manufacturing consignment contract which is a contract downstream from the parts supply contract.
- the authority of the material contract concluded between the company A and the company F is set to the company G or the company P which is the contractor of the parts supply contract or the manufacturing consignment contract which is a contract downstream from the material contract. You can do it.
- the authority of the parts supply contract concluded between the G company and the P company may be set to the A company which is the contractor of the manufacturing consignment contract which is a contract downstream from the parts supply contract.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing the data structure of the blockchain.
- a blockchain is a chain of blocks, which is the recording unit.
- Each block has a plurality of transaction data and a hash value of the immediately preceding block.
- the block B2 contains the hash value of the previous block B1.
- the hash value calculated from the plurality of transaction data included in the block B2 and the hash value of the block B1 is included in the block B3 as the hash value of the block B2.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a data structure of transaction data.
- the transaction data shown in FIG. 17 includes a transaction body P1 and a digital signature P2.
- the transaction body P1 is a data body included in the transaction data.
- the electronic signature P2 is generated by signing the hash value of the transaction body P1 with the signature key of the creator of the transaction data, and more specifically, encrypting it with the private key of the creator. is there.
- each component may be configured by dedicated hardware or may be realized by executing a software program suitable for each component.
- Each component may be realized by a program execution unit such as a CPU or a processor reading and executing a software program recorded on a recording medium such as a hard disk or a semiconductor memory.
- the software that realizes the content management system of the above embodiment is the following program.
- this program is a control method executed by one of the plurality of devices in a contract management system including a plurality of devices having a distributed ledger in the computer, and is a control method executed by the first user and the first user.
- the first transaction that includes the first variable that indicates the authorized person who has the authority to recognize the first contract with the user as valid and that has a predetermined value that indicates that the authorized person is undecided.
- the data is acquired, the acquired first transaction data is stored in the distributed ledger, and the predetermined value included as the first variable in the first transaction data stored in the distributed ledger is read out to read the above-mentioned one.
- the storage process of storing in the rewritable storage unit of the device is executed, the second transaction data including the change instruction for changing the first variable to the identification information of the third user is acquired, and the acquired second transaction data is used.
- a change process for changing the first variable stored in the storage unit according to the change command is executed, and the first contract
- the present invention can be used in a contract management system that manages contracts.
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Abstract
Description
本発明者は、「背景技術」の欄において記載した、契約に関する技術に関し、以下の問題が生じることを見出した。
本実施の形態において、契約を管理するコンピュータシステムの消費電力の増大を抑制する契約管理システムおよびその制御方法などについて説明する。
本実施の形態において、契約を管理するコンピュータシステムの消費電力の増大を抑制する契約管理システムおよびその制御方法などについて、実施の形態1とは異なる形態を説明する。
本実施の形態において、契約を管理するコンピュータシステムの消費電力の増大を抑制する契約管理システムおよびその制御方法などについて、実施の形態1および2とは異なる形態を説明する。
上記各実施の形態、又は、変形例におけるブロックチェーンについて補足的に説明する。
10A、10B、10C 台帳サーバ
11 処理部
12 台帳記憶部
13 実行部
14 記憶部
20A、20B、20C 端末
B1、B2、B3 ブロック
CA、CA1、CB、CB1、CB2 スマートコントラクト
N ネットワーク
P1 トランザクション本体
P2 電子署名
TA、TA1、TB、TB1、TB2、TC、TD トランザクションデータ
Claims (11)
- 分散台帳を保有している複数の装置を備える契約管理システムにおいて、当該複数の装置のうちの一の装置が実行する制御方法であって、
第一ユーザと第二ユーザとの第一契約を有効と認める権限を有する権限者を示す第一変数であって、前記権限者が未定であることを示す所定値が設定されている第一変数を含む第一トランザクションデータを取得し、
取得した前記第一トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納し、
前記分散台帳に格納した前記第一トランザクションデータに前記第一変数として含まれている前記所定値を読み出して前記一の装置の書き換え可能な記憶部に格納する格納処理を実行し、
前記第一変数を第三ユーザの識別情報に変更する変更命令を含む第二トランザクションデータを取得し、
取得した前記第二トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納し、
前記第二トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納した後に、前記記憶部に格納されている前記第一変数を前記変更命令に従って変更する変更処理を実行し、
前記第一契約を履行する履行処理を実行する履行命令を含む第三トランザクションデータを取得し、
取得した前記第三トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納し、
前記第三トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納した後に、前記記憶部に格納されている前記第一変数が前記所定値以外であると判定した場合に、前記履行命令に従って前記履行処理を実行する
制御方法。 - 前記履行処理を実行する際には、
前記第三トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納した後に、前記記憶部に格納されている前記第一変数に前記権限者として前記第三ユーザの識別情報が設定されていると判定した場合に、前記履行命令に従って前記履行処理を実行する
請求項1に記載の制御方法。 - 前記第一変数は、前記第一トランザクションデータに付与すべき前記権限者の電子署名をさらに含み、
前記履行処理を実行する際には、
前記第三トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納した後に、前記記憶部に格納されている前記第一変数に含まれる前記電子署名の検証が成功した場合に、前記履行命令に従って前記履行処理を実行する
請求項1または2に記載の制御方法。 - 前記第一トランザクションデータは、前記第一変数と、前記第一変数を前記記憶部に格納する格納命令とを含む第一コントラクトコードを含み、
前記格納処理は、前記第一トランザクションデータが前記分散台帳に格納されたことに基づいて、前記一の装置が備えるコントラクト実行部が前記第一コントラクトコードに含まれる前記格納命令を実行したことによって行われる
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の制御方法。 - 前記第一トランザクションデータは、前記第一変数と、前記第一変数を前記記憶部に格納する格納命令とを含む第一コントラクトコードを含み、
前記格納処理は、前記第一トランザクションデータが前記分散台帳に格納されたことに基づいて、前記一の装置が備えるコントラクト実行部が前記第一コントラクトコードに含まれる前記格納命令を実行したことによって行われ、
前記第一コントラクトコードは、前記記憶部に前記第一変数として格納される前記電子署名を設定する署名設定関数を含み、
前記変更処理は、
前記署名設定関数を実行させることによって、前記第一変数に前記権限者の電子署名を設定する命令を含む第四トランザクションデータを取得した場合に、取得した前記第四トランザクションデータが前記分散台帳に格納されたことに基づいて、前記コントラクト実行部が前記署名設定関数を実行したことで行われる
請求項3に記載の制御方法。 - 前記第二トランザクションデータは、前記変更命令を含む第二コントラクトコードを含み、
前記変更処理は、前記第二トランザクションデータが前記分散台帳に格納されたことに基づいて、前記一の装置が備えるコントラクト実行部により前記変更命令が実行されたことによって行われる
請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の制御方法。 - 前記第一トランザクションデータは、前記第一ユーザの電子署名と、前記第二ユーザの電子署名とを含んでいて、
前記第一トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納する際には、
前記第一トランザクションデータに含まれている前記第一ユーザの電子署名と、前記第二ユーザの電子署名との両方の検証が成功した場合に、前記第一トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納する
請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の制御方法。 - 前記制御方法は、さらに、
前記第一ユーザと前記第三ユーザとの第二契約に関する第二変数を含む第五トランザクションデータを取得し、
取得した前記第五トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納し、
前記第二トランザクションデータは、前記第五トランザクションデータが前記分散台帳に格納されたことに基づいて提供された前記第二トランザクションデータである
請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の制御方法。 - 前記第一契約は、前記第一ユーザが前記第二ユーザから材料を購入し、購入した前記材料を、所定の期限までに、所定の納品先に配送する契約を含み、
前記第二契約は、前記第三ユーザが、前記第二ユーザから納入された前記材料から製品を製造して前記第一ユーザに納品する契約を含み、
前記第二変数は、前記製品の購入金額を示す変数と、前記製品を納品する期限を示す変数と、前記製品の納品先を示す変数とを含む
請求項8に記載の制御方法。 - 分散台帳を保有している複数の装置を備える契約管理システムにおける、当該複数の装置のうちの一の装置であって、
処理部と、
前記分散台帳を記憶している台帳記憶部と、
実行部と、
書き換え可能な記憶部とを備え、
前記処理部は、
第一ユーザと第二ユーザとの第一契約を有効と認める権限を有する権限者を示す第一変数であって、前記権限者が未定であることを示す所定値が設定されている第一変数とを含む第一トランザクションデータを取得し、取得した前記第一トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納し、
前記実行部は、
前記分散台帳に格納した前記第一トランザクションデータに前記第一変数として含まれている前記所定値を読み出して前記一の装置の書き換え可能な記憶部に格納する格納処理を実行し、
前記処理部は、さらに、
前記第一変数を第三ユーザの識別情報に変更する変更命令を含む第二トランザクションデータを取得し、取得した前記第二トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納し、
前記実行部は、さらに、
前記第二トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納した後に、前記記憶部に格納されている前記第一変数を前記変更命令に従って変更する変更処理を実行し、
前記処理部は、さらに、
前記第一契約を履行する履行処理を実行する履行命令を含む第三トランザクションデータを取得し、取得した前記第三トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納し、
前記実行部は、さらに、
前記第三トランザクションデータを前記分散台帳に格納した後に、前記記憶部に格納されている前記第一変数が前記所定値以外であると判定した場合に、前記履行命令に従って前記履行処理を実行する
装置。 - 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の制御方法をコンピュータに実行させるプログラム。
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