WO2021120366A1 - 一种室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置 - Google Patents

一种室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置 Download PDF

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WO2021120366A1
WO2021120366A1 PCT/CN2020/072923 CN2020072923W WO2021120366A1 WO 2021120366 A1 WO2021120366 A1 WO 2021120366A1 CN 2020072923 W CN2020072923 W CN 2020072923W WO 2021120366 A1 WO2021120366 A1 WO 2021120366A1
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Prior art keywords
water tank
permeability coefficient
vacuum
movable baffle
ring
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈科平
吴丹伟
任新开
甘志享
陈连伟
莫天宇
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Central South University
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Central South University
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
    • E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
    • E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
    • E02D1/027—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating properties relating to fluids in the soil, e.g. pore-water pressure, permeability

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  • the invention relates to the field of measuring the permeability coefficient of soft soil foundations, in particular to a device for measuring the horizontal permeability coefficient under an indoor simulated vacuum preloading state.
  • the dredger fill is consolidated by vacuum preloading. Consolidation is the result of soil drainage and foundation strength growth. Drainage is achieved by setting sand wells or inserting plastic drainage boards into the soil, which is the biggest factor affecting drainage consolidation. It is the horizontal permeability coefficient of the soil.
  • the existing geotechnical testing equipment can basically measure the vertical permeability coefficient, it is difficult to measure the horizontal permeability coefficient. Therefore, it is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently at present to provide a device capable of measuring the hydraulic fill soil consolidation level permeability coefficient.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for measuring the horizontal permeability coefficient of the indoor simulated soft soil under vacuum preloading state, which can measure the horizontal permeability coefficient of the soil body under any negative pressure state.
  • the present invention provides the following solutions:
  • the invention provides a device for measuring the horizontal permeability coefficient in an indoor simulated vacuum preloading state, which includes a soil sample barrel, a vacuum box and a vacuum pump connected to the vacuum box; the soil sample barrel includes a bottom plate seat and is fixed on the bottom plate
  • a movable baffle is provided between the ring-type water tank and the perforated drum. When the bottom of the movable baffle is connected to the bottom plate seat, the water in the ring-type water tank cannot enter the perforated water tank.
  • a drum when the movable baffle is lifted until the bottom of the movable baffle is separated from the bottom plate seat, the water in the annular water tank can enter the perforated drum through the circular hole;
  • a drainage plate is arranged in the hole type drum, and the top end of the drainage plate is connected with the vacuum box through a hose.
  • a vacuum gauge is provided on the top of the hole-type drum.
  • the ring-type water tank is a transparent organic glass water tank, and the surface of the ring-type water tank is engraved with scales.
  • the volume of the annular water tank is at least twice the volume of the perforated drum.
  • the upper surface of the base plate is provided with a groove for embedding at the bottom of the movable baffle plate, and a water stop belt is provided in the groove.
  • a drain box is also connected to the bottom of the vacuum box.
  • the movable baffle is a stainless steel baffle.
  • the top of the movable baffle is folded outwards to form a plate edge, and after the movable baffle is lifted, the plate edge and the top plate of the annular water tank are provided between the plate edge and the top plate for supporting the Supporting planks for movable baffles.
  • the drainage plate is a plastic drainage plate.
  • a water injection port is provided on the top of the annular water tank.
  • the device provided by the present invention for measuring the horizontal permeability coefficient in an indoor simulated vacuum preloading state.
  • the movable baffle is embedded in the base of the soil sample box to be sealed and impervious to water.
  • the movable type is lifted up. Baffle, the water in the annular water tank enters the soil sample of the perforated drum through the circular hole; it can not only ensure the completion of vacuum preloading, control the negative pressure state of the soil, but also calculate the soil in real time through the drop of the water level of the annular water tank.
  • Kind of horizontal permeability coefficient The device of the invention is simple and reasonable, easy to operate, meets the needs of current geotechnical engineering tests, and has strong practicability.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for measuring horizontal permeability coefficient under the vacuum preloading state under the simulated vacuum preloading state in the chamber of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the device for measuring horizontal permeability coefficient under the state of simulated vacuum preloading in the chamber of the present invention in the measuring state;
  • the reference signs are: 1. Soil sample barrel; 2. Vacuum box; 3. Vacuum pump; 4. Floor base; 5. Ring water tank; 6. Hole drum; 7. Soil sample; 8. Movable block Board; 9, drain board; 10, hose; 11, vacuum gauge; 12, groove; 13, drain box; 14, board edge; 15, support wood; 16, water injection port.
  • this embodiment provides a device for measuring the horizontal permeability coefficient in an indoor simulated vacuum preloading state, which includes a soil sample barrel 1, a vacuum box 2, and a vacuum pump 3 connected to the vacuum box 2.
  • the soil sample barrel It includes a bottom plate seat 4, a ring-type water tank 5 fixed on the upper surface of the bottom plate seat 4, and a hole-type drum 6 fixed inside the ring-type water tank 5.
  • the side wall of the hole-type drum 6 is provided with a number of round holes.
  • a movable baffle 8 is arranged between the ring water tank 5 and the perforated drum 6, and the movable baffle 8 is used to isolate the perforated drum 6 and the ring water tank 5, and can move up and down ;
  • the hole type drum 6 is provided with a drain plate 9 and a drain plate 9 The top end is connected to the vacuum box 2 through a hose 10.
  • the upper surface of the perforated barrel 6 is closed, and the aperture and pitch of the circular holes on the side wall should ensure that the water in the ring tank 6 can flow freely; and the perforated round
  • the bucket 6 is preferably arranged coaxially with the annular water tank 5.
  • the top of the perforated drum 6 is provided with a vacuum meter 11, which can measure the vacuum degree of the soil sample box 1, and the range is preferably 0-120KPa.
  • the ring-type water tank 5 is preferably made of transparent organic glass and bonded to the bottom plate base 1; the surface of the ring-type water tank 5 is engraved with scales, and the water level value can be read.
  • the volume of the annular water tank 5 is at least twice the volume of the perforated drum 6 to ensure that the water in the annular water tank 5 can completely act on the soil sample 7.
  • the upper surface of the base plate 4 is provided with a groove 12 for the bottom of the movable baffle 8 to be embedded, and a water stop belt is provided in the groove 12, which can be combined with the movable
  • the baffles 8 are combined with each other to achieve the effect of sealing and stopping water.
  • the bottom of the vacuum box 2 is also connected to a drain box 13 through a connecting pipe, as shown in Figs. 1 to 2, an on-off valve is provided on the connecting pipe.
  • the vacuum box 2 is used to connect the drainage box 13, the vacuum pump 3 and the soil sample bucket 1, and is used for temporary storage of water; the bottom of the drainage box 13 is provided with a drainage port for discharging the temporary storage water in the vacuum box 2.
  • the movable baffle 8 is preferably a stainless steel baffle, which is cylindrical. As shown in Figures 1-2, the top of the movable baffle 8 is folded outward to form a rim 14. After the movable baffle 8 is lifted, the rim 14 and the top plate of the ring water tank 5 are provided for supporting movement.
  • the drainage plate 9 is preferably a plastic drainage plate known in the art.
  • the plastic drainage plate is flat.
  • the top and bottom end of the perforated drum 6 is provided with protrusions for catching the plastic drainage plate to prevent the vacuum box from being sucked in.
  • the hose 10 passes through the top of the perforated drum 6 to be connected to the plastic drainage plate.
  • a water injection port 16 is provided on the top of the ring water tank 5, and water can be injected into the ring water tank 5 through the water injection port 16.
  • the blown sludge in the perforated drum 6 is vacuum preloaded and consolidated, the vacuum pump 3 is turned on to extract the moisture of the soil sample in the perforated drum 6, and the movable baffle 8 is embedded in the groove 12 of the bottom plate base 4 , The water in the ring-type water tank 5 is blocked from entering the blown silt.
  • the vacuum gauge 11 detects that the vacuum in the perforated drum 6 reaches 100KPa (example value)
  • the vacuum pump 3 is turned off to complete the consolidation. After the consolidation is completed, measure the horizontal permeability coefficient of the blown silt.
  • the movable baffle 8 is pulled up to a fixed position, and the supporting plank 15 of the corresponding height is placed on the edge 14 and the top surface of the annular water tank 5. In between, the movable baffle 8 is supported to prevent it from sliding down.
  • the water in the annular water tank 5 enters the soil sample through the circular hole of the perforated drum 6, and the soil can be calculated by the scale value of the water level drop in the annular water tank 5.
  • kind of horizontal permeability coefficient The calculation method of the horizontal permeability coefficient is based on the prior art, which will not be repeated here.
  • the device provided by the present invention for measuring the horizontal permeability coefficient in an indoor simulated vacuum preloading state when the vacuum preloading is performed, the movable baffle is embedded in the base of the soil sample box and is sealed and impervious to water.
  • the movable baffle When the consolidation is completed, Lifting the movable baffle, the water in the ring tank enters the soil sample of the perforated drum through the round hole; it can not only ensure the completion of vacuum preloading, control the negative pressure state of the soil, but also pass the water level of the ring tank in real time Calculate the horizontal permeability coefficient of the soil sample.
  • the device of the invention is simple and reasonable, easy to operate, meets the needs of current geotechnical engineering tests, and has strong practicability.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，包括土样桶、真空箱和真空泵；土样桶包括底板座、固定于底板座上表面的环式水箱和固定于环式水箱内部的孔式圆桶，环式水箱和孔式圆桶之间设置有移动式挡板；孔式圆桶内设置有排水板，排水板的顶端通过一软管与真空箱连接。当进行真空预压时，移动式挡板嵌入土样箱的底座，密封不透水，当固结完毕后，上提移动式挡板，环式水箱中的水进入孔式圆桶内的土样；不仅可以保证真空预压的完成，控制土体的负压状态，而且可以实时通过环式水箱水位的下降计算土样的水平渗透系数。本发明装置简单合理，操作简便，符合现在岩土工程试验的需要，实用性强。

Description

一种室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置 技术领域
本发明涉及软土地基渗透系数量测领域，特别是涉及一种室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置。
背景技术
近年来，我国沿海大部分城市经济发展加快，大量修建工业如民用建筑、码头和机场，修建前期的填海造陆形成许多吹填土陆地，在施工成本和时间的控制下，真空预压是现有处理吹填土地基的最经济的地基处理方式。
吹填土采用真空预压的方式进行固结，固结是土体排水、地基强度增长的结果，排水通过打设砂井或塑料排水板插入土体之中实现，影响排水固结的最大因素便是土体的水平渗透系数。然而，现有的土工试验仪器虽然基本可以测定垂直渗透系数，但难以测定水平渗透系数。因此，提供一种能够测定吹填土固结水平渗透系数的装置是目前亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种室内模拟软土在真空预压状态下量测水平渗透系数的装置，可以量测土体在任何负压状态下的水平渗透系数。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：
本发明提供一种室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，包括土样桶、真空箱和与所述真空箱连接的真空泵；所述土样桶包括底板座、固定于所述底板座上表面的环式水箱和固定于所述环式水箱内部的孔式圆桶，所述孔式圆桶的侧壁开设有若干圆孔，所述孔式圆桶内填充土样，所述环式水箱和所述孔式圆桶之间设置有移动式挡板，当所述移动式挡板的底部与所述底板座连接时，所述环式水箱内的水无法进入所述孔式圆桶，上提所述移动式挡板至所述移动式挡板的底部脱离所述底板座时，所述环式水箱内的水能够经所述圆孔进入所述孔式圆桶；所述孔式圆桶内设置有排水板，所述排水板的顶端通过一软管与所述真空箱连接。
可选的，所述孔式圆桶的顶部设置有真空表。
可选的，所述环式水箱为透明有机玻璃水箱，所述环式水箱的表面刻有刻度。
可选的，所述环式水箱的容积至少为所述孔式圆桶的容积的两倍。
可选的，所述底座板的上表面设置有用于所述移动式挡板的底部嵌入的凹槽，所述凹槽内设置有止水带。
可选的，所述真空箱的底部还连接有一排水箱。
可选的，所述移动式挡板为不锈钢挡板。
可选的，所述移动式挡板的顶部向外翻折形成有板沿，所述移动式挡板提起后，所述板沿和所述环式水箱的顶板之间设置用于支撑所述移动式挡板的支撑木板。
可选的，所述排水板为塑料排水板。
可选的，所述环式水箱的顶部设置有注水口。
本发明相对于现有技术取得了以下技术效果：
本发明提供的室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，当进行真空预压时，移动式挡板嵌入土样箱的底座，密封不透水，当固结完毕后，上提移动式挡板，环式水箱中的水通过圆孔进入孔式圆桶的土样；不仅可以保证真空预压的完成，控制土体的负压状态，而且可以实时通过环式水箱水位的下降计算土样的水平渗透系数。本发明装置简单合理，操作简便，符合现在岩土工程试验的需要，实用性强。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置处于真空预压状态下的结构示意图；
图2为本发明室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置处于测 量状态下的结构示意图；
其中，附图标记为：1、土样桶；2、真空箱；3、真空泵；4、底板座；5、环式水箱；6、孔式圆桶；7、土样；8、移动式挡板；9、排水板；10、软管；11、真空表；12、凹槽；13、排水箱；14、板沿；15、支撑木板；16、注水口。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
实施例一：
如图1-2所示，本实施例提供一种室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，包括土样桶1、真空箱2和与真空箱2连接的真空泵3；土样桶包括底板座4、固定于底板座4上表面的环式水箱5和固定于环式水箱5内部的孔式圆桶6，孔式圆桶6的侧壁开设有若干圆孔，孔式圆桶6内填充土样7，环式水箱5和孔式圆桶6之间设置有移动式挡板8，移动式挡板8用来隔离孔式圆桶6和环式水箱5，并可以上下移动；当移动式挡板8的底部与底板座4连接时，环式水箱5内的水无法进入孔式圆桶6，上提移动式挡板8至移动式挡板8的底部脱离底板座4时，环式水箱5内的水能够依次经移动式挡板8与底板座4之间的缝隙和圆孔进入孔式圆桶6；孔式圆桶6内设置有排水板9，排水板9的顶端通过一软管10与真空箱2连接。
本实施例中，如图1～2所示，孔式圆桶6的上表面封闭，侧壁圆孔的孔径和孔距应保证环式水箱6的水可以自由穿过流动；并且孔式圆桶6优选与环式水箱5同轴设置。孔式圆桶6的顶部设置有真空表11，可以量测土样箱1的真空度，量程优选为0-120KPa。
本实施例中，环式水箱5优选采用透明有机玻璃制作，与底板座1粘接；环式水箱5的表面刻有刻度，可以读出水位值。同时，环式水箱5的容积至少为孔式圆桶6的容积的两倍，保证环式水箱5内的水能够完全作用于土样7。
本实施例中，如图1～2所示，底座板4的上表面设置有用于移动式挡板8的底部嵌入的凹槽12，且凹槽12内设置有止水带，可以与移动式挡板8相互结合，达到密封止水的效果。
本实施例中，真空箱2的底部还通过一连接管与一排水箱13连接，如图1～2所示，所述连接管上设置有开关阀门。真空箱2用来连接排水箱13、真空泵3和土样桶1，并用作临时性储水；排水箱13的底部设置有排水口，用于将真空箱2内的临时性储水排放。
本实施例中，移动式挡板8优选为不锈钢挡板，为圆筒状。如图1～2所示，移动式挡板8的顶部向外翻折形成有板沿14，移动式挡板8提起后，板沿14和环式水箱5的顶板之间设置用于支撑移动式挡板8的支撑木板15。根据移动式挡板8提起高度的不同，采用对应高度的支撑木板15支撑在板沿14下方，以保持移动式挡板8的高度不变。
本实施例中，排水板9优选为本领域公知的塑料排水板，塑料排水板为扁平状，孔式圆桶6的顶部底端面设置有用于卡住塑料排水板的凸起，防止真空箱吸入土颗粒，软管10贯穿孔式圆桶6的顶部与塑料排水板相接。其中，具体上述塑料排水板的结构和排水原理在此不再赘述。
本实施例中，如图1～2所示，环式水箱5的顶部设置有注水口16，可通过注水口16向环式水箱5内注水。
下面以土样7为吹镇淤泥为例，对本实施例作具体使用原理说明。
首先对孔式圆桶6内的吹镇淤泥进行真空预压固结，开启真空泵3抽取孔式圆桶6中土样的水分，并将移动式挡板8嵌入底板座4的凹槽12内，阻挡环式水箱5中的水体进入吹镇淤泥内，当真空表11测得孔式圆桶6内的真空度达到100KPa(示例值)时，关闭真空泵3，完成固结。当固结完毕之后，量测吹镇淤泥的水平渗透系数，此时将移动式挡板8上拉至固定位置，用对应高度的支撑木板15放置在板沿14和环式水箱5的顶面之间，支撑移动式挡板8，阻止它下滑，此时环式水箱5中的水通过孔式圆桶6的圆孔进入土样，可 以通过环式水箱5内水位下降的刻度值计算土样的水平渗透系数。其中水平渗透系数的计算方式为现有技术，在此不再赘述。
由此可见，本发明提供的室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，当进行真空预压时，移动式挡板嵌入土样箱的底座，密封不透水，当固结完毕后，上提移动式挡板，环式水箱中的水通过圆孔进入孔式圆桶的土样；不仅可以保证真空预压的完成，控制土体的负压状态，而且可以实时通过环式水箱水位的下降计算土样的水平渗透系数。本发明装置简单合理，操作简便，符合现在岩土工程试验的需要，实用性强。
需要说明的是，对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内，不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
本发明中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，其特征在于：包括土样桶、真空箱和与所述真空箱连接的真空泵；所述土样桶包括底板座、固定于所述底板座上表面的环式水箱和固定于所述环式水箱内部的孔式圆桶，所述孔式圆桶的侧壁开设有若干圆孔，所述孔式圆桶内填充土样，所述环式水箱和所述孔式圆桶之间设置有移动式挡板，当所述移动式挡板的底部与所述底板座连接时，所述环式水箱内的水无法进入所述孔式圆桶，上提所述移动式挡板至所述移动式挡板的底部脱离所述底板座时，所述环式水箱内的水能够经所述圆孔进入所述孔式圆桶；所述孔式圆桶内设置有排水板，所述排水板的顶端通过一软管与所述真空箱连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，其特征在于：所述孔式圆桶的顶部设置有真空表。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，其特征在于：所述环式水箱为透明有机玻璃水箱，所述环式水箱的表面刻有刻度。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，其特征在于：所述环式水箱的容积至少为所述孔式圆桶的容积的两倍。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，其特征在于：所述底座板的上表面设置有用于所述移动式挡板的底部嵌入的凹槽，所述凹槽内设置有止水带。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，其特征在于：所述真空箱的底部还连接有一排水箱。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，其特征在于：所述移动式挡板为不锈钢挡板。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，其特征在于：所述移动式挡板的顶部向外翻折形成有板沿，所述移动式挡板提起后，所述板沿和所述环式水箱的顶板之间设置用于支撑所述移动式挡板的支撑木板。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，其特征在于：所述排水板为塑料排水板。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的室内模拟真空预压状态下测量水平渗透系数的装置，其特征在于：所述环式水箱的顶部设置有注水口。
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