WO2021117959A1

WO2021117959A1 - Spool valve capable of controlling flow rate

Info

Publication number: WO2021117959A1
Application number: PCT/KR2019/018093
Authority: WO
Inventors: 한승호; 강효림; 김가은; 박형준
Original assignee: 동아대학교 산학협력단
Priority date: 2019-12-11
Filing date: 2019-12-19
Publication date: 2021-06-17

Abstract

The present invention relates to a spool valve in which the operating force can be reduced at high pressure, it is easy to switch a flow path or regulate flow rate, and maintenance and management are convenient. A spool valve according to one aspect of the present invention may comprise: a valve body provided with an input port through which a fluid flows in, a plurality of output ports through which the fluid is discharged, and a cylindrical valve chamber which communicates with the input port and the output ports; a ball-shaped valve member which is installed inside the valve chamber so as to be slidable, and has an inlet formed open at one end thereof and communicating with the input port, and an outlet formed open and selectively communicating with the plurality of output ports, such that the fluid that flows in through the inlet is discharged through the outlet; and a valve driving part for switching the flow path by sliding the valve member in an axial direction of the valve chamber.

Description

Spool valve with adjustable flow

The present invention relates to a spool valve, and more particularly, a ball-shaped opening/closing member having an inlet through which a fluid is introduced and an outlet through which the fluid is discharged opens and closes the flow path while sliding in the axial direction. It relates to a spool valve that can also control the flow rate by adjusting the rotation angle.

In general, a spool valve is a structure in which a plurality of ports are formed and a spool is inserted into a body in which a bore providing a sliding surface is formed, and a plurality of ports are selectively selected through axial linear motion of the spool. It opens and closes to change the flow direction of fluids such as hydraulic oil or compressed air.

Since the spool valve has little influence of the fluid pressure applied to the spool, it is easy to convert and has the characteristics of being able to design the flow of various fluids easily. is widely used in

Such a spool valve is provided with a cylindrical valve chamber at the center of the casing, a plurality of ports through which fluids are introduced and discharged are communicated to the valve chamber, and the spool-shaped valve member is configured to move in the axial direction within the valve chamber. , it is possible to change the flow path by moving the spool.

However, in this conventional general spool valve, complicated flow path switching is possible depending on the combination of the shape of the spool-type valve member and the flow path provided in the valve chamber in the casing, but when the pressure of the fluid increases, the operating force to open and close the valve member is large There is a problem to lose. In addition, when the flow rate control is required, the number of piping ports increases, and accordingly, the shape becomes complicated and the degree of freedom decreases, and maintenance and management are difficult.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a spool valve that can reduce the operating force at high pressure, flow path switching and flow control is easy, and maintenance and management is easy.

A spool valve according to one aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object includes an input port through which a fluid is introduced, a plurality of output ports through which the fluid is discharged, and a cylindrical valve chamber communicating with the input port and the output port. a valve body provided; A ball that is slidably installed in the valve chamber and has an inlet communicating with the input port at one end and an outlet selectively communicating with the plurality of output ports to be opened, so that the fluid introduced through the inlet is discharged through the outlet a valve member in the form of; and a valve driving unit configured to switch the flow path by sliding the valve member in the axial direction of the valve chamber.

The valve driving unit includes a driving stem having one end connected to one side of the valve member, and an actuator connected from one end of the valve chamber to the other end of the driving stem to move the driving shaft in the axial direction of the valve chamber; It may include a control block that closes the valve chamber at the other end of the valve chamber, and one end is connected to the other side of the valve member to slide and move in the valve chamber together with the valve member.

In addition, the valve driving unit may further include an elastic member installed between the driving stem and the actuator to elastically support the driving stem with respect to the actuator.

The control block and the valve member are rotatably installed about the central axis of the valve chamber, so that the opening degree at which the inlet and the outlet communicate with the input port and the output port is varied according to the rotation angle of the valve member, so that the flow rate can be adjusted.

At one end of the control block, a knob that a person can hold and turn may be formed to protrude to the outside of the valve chamber.

The valve member may be connected to one end of the driving stem to enable relative rotation.

The inlet of the valve member may be inclined at a predetermined angle toward the control block with respect to the axis of the input port, and a fluid guide chamber communicating with the inlet of the valve member may be formed on an inner surface of the control block.

The actuator may be a solenoid having a coil to which a current is applied, and a plunger installed inside the coil and having one end connected to the driving stem and moving in the axial direction of the valve chamber by an electromagnetic field formed in the coil.

Both side surfaces of the valve member may be formed in a flat plane.

In the spool valve according to another aspect of the present invention, an input port through which a fluid is introduced is formed on one side, and a first output port and a second output port through which the fluid is discharged on the opposite side are formed to be spaced apart from each other by a certain distance in the axial direction, a valve body having a cylindrical valve chamber communicating with the input port and the first output port and the second output port; It is slidably installed in the valve chamber, and an inlet communicating with the input port and an outlet selectively communicating with the first output port and the second output port are formed at one end to be opened so that the fluid introduced through the inlet is discharged. A ball-shaped valve member discharged through the; a driving stem having one end connected to one side of the valve member; an actuator connected from one end of the valve chamber to the other end of the drive stem to move the drive shaft in the axial direction of the valve chamber; a control block that closes the valve chamber at the other end of the valve chamber and that one end is connected to the other side of the valve member to slide and move in the valve chamber together with the valve member; Including; an elastic member installed between the driving stem and the actuator to elastically support the driving stem with respect to the actuator, the driving stem, the valve member, and the control block moving together in the axial direction of the valve chamber by the actuator The outlet of is communicated with the first output port or the second output port, characterized in that the control block is configured to close the first output port when the outlet of the valve member communicates with the second output port.

The control block and the valve member are rotatably installed about the central axis of the valve chamber, so that the opening degree at which the inlet and the outlet communicate with the input port and the first output port or the second output port is variable according to the rotation angle of the valve member. This can be adjusted.

According to the present invention, since the valve member is in the form of a ball, it is possible to reduce the operating force at high pressure, and it is possible to obtain the effect of easily switching the flow path and controlling the flow rate.

In addition, since the valve member can be easily separated from the inside of the valve chamber, there is an effect of easy maintenance and management.

1 is a cross-sectional view from the front of a spool valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view seen from the front showing an example of operation of the spool valve shown in FIG.

3 is a perspective view illustrating a ball-shaped valve member of the spool valve shown in FIG. 1 .

4A to 4C are cross-sectional views viewed from the side illustrating an operation example of the flow rate adjustment of the spool valve shown in FIG. 1 .

The configuration shown in the embodiments and drawings described in this specification is only a preferred example of the disclosed invention, and there may be various modifications that can replace the embodiments and drawings of the present specification at the time of filing of the present application.

Hereinafter, the spool valve according to the present invention will be described in detail according to the embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals denote like elements.

1 to 4c show a spool valve according to an embodiment of the present invention. The spool valve includes a valve body 10, a valve member 20, a driving stem 30, an actuator 40, and a control block 60. ), and an elastic member 50 .

The valve body 10 has a cylindrical valve chamber 11 in which the valve member 20 is slidably installed, extending from one side to the other side, and on one side (upper side in the drawing) of the valve chamber 11 . The input port 12 through which the fluid is introduced is formed, and the first output port 13 and the second output port 14 through which the fluid is discharged are formed on the opposite side (upper and lower side in the drawing) of the valve chamber 11 in the axial direction. It has a structure formed to be spaced apart by a predetermined distance. The input port 12 , the first output port 13 , and the second output port 14 communicate with the valve chamber 11 .

The valve member 20 is in the form of a ball and is slidably installed in the valve chamber 11 in the axial direction (left and right direction in the drawing). An inlet 21 communicating with the input port 12 is opened at an upper side of the valve member 20 , and the first output port 13 and a second output port 14 are formed at a lower side of the valve member 20 . An outlet 22 selectively communicating with the is formed to be open, and the inlet 21 and the outlet 22 communicate with each other. Accordingly, the fluid introduced through the inlet 21 is discharged through the outlet 22 . The inlet 21 is inclined at a predetermined angle toward the control block 60 with respect to the axis of the input port 12 , and only one side of the inlet 21 is installed in contact with the inner wall surface of the valve chamber 11 . Therefore, a portion of the fluid flowing in through the input port 12 flows directly into the inlet 21 , but the remaining portion flows toward the control block 60 outside the inlet 21 and then flows in through the inlet 21 .

In addition, the valve member 20 is rotatably installed about the central axis of the valve chamber 11, and the inlet 21 and the outlet according to the rotation angle of the valve member 20 as shown in Figs. 4a to 4c. The opening degree at which 22 communicates with the input port 12 and the first output port 13 or the second output port 14 is variable, so that the flow rate can be adjusted. In order to allow the valve member 20 to move smoothly when an axial movement force is generated by the actuator 40 when the valve member 20 rotates to completely close the input port 12, the valve member 20 ) may be formed on both sides of a flat plane. A packing ring 25 made of an elastic material such as rubber or silicone may be installed in the flat portion to prevent leakage when the flow passage is closed.

One end of the driving stem 30 is connected to one side of the valve member 20 . The driving stem 30 may be rigidly coupled to the valve member 20 , but may not be able to move relative to the axial direction and may be connected to a rotational movement about the axis. This is to allow the valve member 20 to rotate smoothly while relatively rotating with respect to the driving stem 30 when the valve member 20 rotates together by the rotation of the control block 60 .

The actuator 40 is connected to one end of the driving stem 30 at one end of the valve chamber 11 to generate a driving force to move the driving stem 30 in the axial direction of the valve chamber 11 . , a coil 41 to which a current is applied in this embodiment, and the valve chamber 11 by an electromagnetic field installed inside the coil 41 and having one end connected to the driving stem 30 , formed in the coil 41 . ) is composed of a solenoid with a plunger 42 moving in the axial direction.

An elastic member 50 for elastically supporting the driving stem 30 with respect to the actuator 40 is installed between the driving stem 30 and the actuator 40 . The elastic member 50 may apply a compression coil spring. Therefore, when the force pulling the driving stem 30 from the actuator 40 is removed, the driving stem 30 moves in the opposite direction (left direction in the drawing) by the elastic force of the elastic member 50 .

The control block 60 is installed to close one end of the valve chamber 11 from the opposite side of the driving stem 30 with respect to the valve member 20 , and one end of the valve member 20 is the other side of the valve member 20 . It is connected to the valve member 20 and slides in the axial direction in the valve chamber 11 to move. A fluid guide chamber 61 communicating with the inlet 21 of the valve member 20 is formed on the inner surface of the control block 60 .

The control block 60 and the valve member 20 by screwing the screw portion 62 is formed at the end of the inner center of the control block 60 is spirally coupled to the tap hole 23 formed on one side of the valve member (20) It is easy to attach and detach the liver, and the valve member 20 can be easily separated from the inside of the valve chamber 11 . Therefore, the advantage of easy maintenance and management can be obtained.

Also, on the outer surface of the control block 60 , a knob 65 that can be turned by a person's hand may be formed to protrude to the outside of the valve chamber 11 .

These spool valves work as follows.

First, as shown in FIG. 1 , in a state where the valve member 20 is located on the left side of the valve chamber 11 in the drawing, the inlet 21 of the valve member 20 communicates with the input port 12 and the outlet 22 is in communication with the first output port (13). In this state, when the fluid is introduced through the input port 12, the fluid flows in through the inlet 21 of the valve member 20 and then flows to the outlet 22, and then the first output port 13 is closed. discharged through

When a flow path is to be switched in this state, when a current is applied to the coil 41 of the actuator 40, an electromagnetic field is formed in the coil 41, and the plunger 42 moves to the right in the drawing. Accordingly, the driving stem 30, the valve member 20, and the control block 60 move together in the axial direction by a certain distance to the right in the drawing, and as shown in FIG. 2, the outlet 22 of the valve member 20 ) communicates with the second output port 14 . At this time, the inlet 21 of the valve member 20 is inclined toward the control block 60 and communicates with the fluid guide chamber 61 of the control block 60, so that the fluid introduced through the input port 12 flows into the fluid guide chamber. It can be introduced into the inlet (21) through the (61). Also, the control block 60 closes the first output port 13 .

Accordingly, the fluid introduced through the input port 12 flows into the inlet 21 of the valve member 20 through the fluid guide chamber 61 of the control block 60 and then through the outlet 22 to the second output. It is discharged to the port 14 and supplied to the place of use.

On the other hand, when the user wants to adjust the flow rate, when the user holds the knob 65 formed on the outer surface of the control block 60 and rotates it in one direction, the control block 60 and the valve member 20 coupled thereto It rotates about the axis of the seal 11 (refer to FIGS. 4A to 4B). Accordingly, the flow rate is adjusted while the opening degree between the inlet 21 and the input port 12 of the valve member 20 and the opening degree between the outlet 22 and the first output port 13 or the second output port 14 are changed. .

As shown in Figure 4c, when the valve member 20 is rotated by a predetermined angle or more, the inlet 21 and the input port 12 of the valve member 20 are completely closed and the flow path is closed.

As described above, in the spool valve of the present invention, the valve member 20 in the form of a ball moves in the axial direction in the valve chamber 11 by the valve driving part composed of the driving stem 30 and the actuator 40. The outlet 22 of (20) communicates with the first output port 13 or the second output port 14 to switch the flow path, and the control block 60 has the outlet 22 of the valve member 20 When communicating with the second output port 14 , the second output port 14 is closed and the fluid introduced into the input port 12 is guided toward the inlet 21 of the valve member 20 .

In the above, the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, but those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains may make various substitutions, additions and modifications within the scope not departing from the technical spirit described above. Of course, it will be understood that such modified embodiments also fall within the protection scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims below.

The spool valve capable of controlling the flow rate of the present invention can be applied to a valve device for changing the flow direction and controlling the flow rate of a fluid in various equipment or piping.

Claims

a valve body having an input port through which a fluid is introduced, a plurality of output ports through which a fluid is discharged, and a cylindrical valve chamber communicating with the input port and the output port;

A ball that is slidably installed in the valve chamber and has an inlet communicating with the input port at one end and an outlet selectively communicating with the plurality of output ports to be opened, so that the fluid introduced through the inlet is discharged through the outlet a valve member in the form of; and;

a valve driving unit for switching the flow path by sliding the valve member in the axial direction of the valve chamber;

A spool valve with
The axial direction of the valve chamber according to claim 1, wherein the valve driving unit includes a driving stem having one end connected to one side of the valve member, and another end connected to the other end of the driving stem at one end of the valve chamber in the axial direction of the valve chamber. A spool valve comprising: an actuator that moves; and a control block that closes the valve chamber at the other end of the valve chamber and that one end is connected to the other side of the valve member to slide and move in the valve chamber together with the valve member.
The spool valve according to claim 2, wherein the valve driving unit further comprises an elastic member installed between the driving stem and the actuator to elastically support the driving stem with respect to the actuator.
According to claim 2, wherein the control block and the valve member is installed rotatably about the central axis of the valve chamber, the opening degree of the inlet and outlet communicating with the input port and the output port is variable according to the rotation angle of the valve member, so that the flow rate is increased. Adjustable spool valve.
The spool valve according to claim 4, wherein a knob that can be turned by a person's hand is formed at one end of the control block to protrude out of the valve chamber.
5. The spool valve of claim 4, wherein the valve member is connected to one end of the driving stem to allow relative rotation.
The spool valve according to claim 2, wherein the inlet of the valve member is inclined at a predetermined angle toward the control block with respect to the axis of the input port, and a fluid guide chamber communicating with the inlet of the valve member is formed on an inner surface of the control block. .
The actuator according to claim 2, wherein the actuator includes a coil to which a current is applied, and a plunger installed inside the coil and having one end connected to the driving stem and moving in the axial direction of the valve chamber by an electromagnetic field formed in the coil. Solenoid spool valve.
The spool valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein both side surfaces of the valve member are flat.
An input port through which a fluid is introduced is formed on one side, and a first output port and a second output port through which the fluid is discharged are formed on the opposite side to be spaced apart by a predetermined distance in the axial direction, and the input port and the first output port and the second a valve body having a cylindrical valve chamber communicating with the output port;

It is slidably installed in the valve chamber, and an inlet communicating with the input port and an outlet selectively communicating with the first output port and the second output port are formed at one end to be opened so that the fluid introduced through the inlet is discharged. A ball-shaped valve member discharged through the;

a driving stem having one end connected to one side of the valve member;

an actuator connected from one end of the valve chamber to the other end of the drive stem to move the drive shaft in the axial direction of the valve chamber;

a control block that closes the valve chamber at the other end of the valve chamber and that one end is connected to the other side of the valve member to slide and move in the valve chamber together with the valve member; and;

an elastic member installed between the driving stem and the actuator to elastically support the driving stem with respect to the actuator;

including,

As the driving stem, the valve member, and the control block move together in the axial direction of the valve chamber by the actuator, the outlet of the valve member communicates with the first output port or the second output port, and the control block includes the outlet of the valve member with the second output port. A spool valve adapted to close the first output port when in communication with the output port.
The method according to claim 10, wherein the control block and the valve member are rotatably installed about a central axis of the valve chamber so that the inlet and the outlet communicate with the input port and the first output port or the second output port according to the rotation angle of the valve member. A spool valve whose opening degree is variable and the flow rate is adjusted.
The spool valve according to claim 11, wherein the inlet of the valve member is inclined at a predetermined angle toward the control block with respect to the axis of the input port, and a fluid guide chamber communicating with the inlet of the valve member is formed on an inner surface of the control block. .