WO2021117275A1

WO2021117275A1 - Liquid filter and liquid treatment method

Info

Publication number: WO2021117275A1
Application number: PCT/JP2020/025376
Authority: WO
Inventors: 朝倉健夫; 大野睦浩; 草野正明; 関口政一
Original assignee: 日本国土開発株式会社
Priority date: 2019-12-12
Filing date: 2020-06-26
Publication date: 2021-06-17
Also published as: JP7309120B2; JPWO2021117275A1

Abstract

In order to reduce clogging of a filter when a layered double hydroxide breaks apart due to water being passed, the invention provides a liquid filter comprising a housing accommodating a layered double hydroxide for adsorbing a harmful substance contained in a liquid and a moving device for moving the layered double hydroxide located inside the housing.　

Description

Liquid filter and liquid processing method

The present invention relates to a liquid filter using a layered double hydroxide and a liquid treatment method.

Layered double hydroxides are known to have an anion exchange effect. By immobilizing arsenic, fluorine, boron, selenium, hexavalent chromium, nitrite ions, and other anionic harmful substances by this anion exchange action, waste safety improvement technology and detoxification environment It is expected that the improvement technology can contribute to improving the quality of contaminated water, preventing the elution of harmful substances, improving the soil, and promoting the stabilization of harmful substances at waste disposal sites. Then, it has been proposed to apply a layered double hydroxide to a filter (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP-A-2019-828

However, there is still room for improvement in the layered double hydroxide, and there is a problem that the granular layered double hydroxide collapses when water is passed through the housing to which the layered double hydroxide is supplied. ..
In addition, there was no concrete proposal as to when to replace the layered double hydroxide supplied to the housing.

Therefore, an object of the first invention and the third invention is to provide a liquid filter in which the housing is less likely to be clogged even if the layered double hydroxide collapses due to water flow or the like.
An object of the second invention is to provide a method for treating a liquid that can easily detect the replacement time of the layered double hydroxide supplied to the housing.

The liquid filter according to the first invention includes a housing containing a layered double hydroxide that adsorbs harmful substances contained in the liquid, and a moving device that moves the layered double hydroxide in the housing. I have.
The method for treating a liquid according to the second invention includes a step of setting a height of a housing through which the liquid passes and a dimension in a direction intersecting the height of the housing, and a unit time of the liquid to be supplied to the housing. A step of setting the supply amount per unit, a step of setting the supply amount of the layered double hydroxide that adsorbs harmful substances contained in the liquid to the housing, and the layered double hydroxide by passing water through the liquid. It includes a step of replacing the layered double hydroxide when the housing is clogged due to a change in the shape of the.
The liquid filter according to the third invention guides the housing containing the layered double hydroxide that adsorbs harmful substances contained in the liquid and the liquid supplied to the housing toward the discharge side of the housing. It is equipped with a pipe.

According to the first invention, since the moving device moves the layered double hydroxide, the clogging of the housing can be reduced.
According to the second invention, since the replacement time of the layered double hydroxide and the time when the clog in the housing is or is likely to occur are almost the same, the replacement time of the layered double hydroxide can be easily detected. can do.
According to the third invention, since the pipe guides the liquid toward the discharge side of the housing, the clogging of the housing can be reduced.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the filtration apparatus of this 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the inside of the housing after driving a moving device. It is a figure which shows the modification of the supply part (discharge part). It is a flowchart of the filtration process by a control device. It is a schematic diagram which shows the filtration apparatus of this 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of this 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the filtration apparatus of this 3rd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the filtration apparatus of this 4th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the filtration apparatus of this 5th Embodiment. It is the schematic of the filtration apparatus which shows the modification of this 5th Embodiment.

Hereinafter, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

(First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the filtration device 100 of the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, the case where arsenic is adsorbed as a harmful substance will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and fluorine, boron, selenium, hexavalent chromium, silica and the like can also be adsorbed.
The filtration device 100 of the present embodiment includes a liquid filter 1, a supply unit 10 for supplying the liquid to be filtered to the liquid filter 1, and a discharge unit 20 for discharging the liquid filtered by the liquid filter 1. , A differential pressure gauge 30 that detects the differential pressure between the supply unit 10 and the discharge unit 20, a moving device 40 that moves the layered double hydroxide 3 described later, and a control device 50 that controls the entire filtration device 100. doing.

The liquid filter 1 has a housing 2 and a layered double hydroxide 3 housed in the housing 2. For the housing 2, a resin such as phenol resin or polypropylene resin or a metal such as stainless steel can be used. The housing 2 has a supply unit side screwed portion that is screwed with the supply unit 10 and a discharge unit side screwed portion that is screwed with the discharge unit 20. The size of the layered double hydroxide 3 is shown as a size that is easy to see, unlike the actual size.
The housing 2 of the present embodiment has a cylindrical shape, and as shown in FIG. 1, the dimension in the X direction is 3 to 8 times, preferably 4 to 5 times the dimension in the Y direction (dimension in the height direction). It is twice as large. This is because when a liquid containing arsenic or the like is passed through the liquid filter 1 from the supply unit 10, the upper layered double hydroxide 3a (layered double hydroxide having a small particle size) is shown in FIG. This is to prevent the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size from becoming muddy and spreading in the entire X direction to clog the inside of the liquid filter 1, although the shape of the object 3a) is deformed. That is, by increasing the dimension of the housing 2 in the X direction, the cross-sectional area of the housing 2 in the X direction (the cross section of FIG. 1 and the cross section perpendicular to the Y axis) is increased. As a result, the linear velocity of the liquid supplied to the housing 2 can be lowered, so that the layered double hydroxides 3 are less likely to collapse, and the liquid filter 1 has a small particle size of the layered double hydroxides 3a. It is possible to prevent clogging due to the above.

On the other hand, when the dimension of the housing 2 in the X direction is increased and the dimension of the housing 2 in the height direction is decreased, the space velocity (Space Velocity) of the liquid supplied to the housing 2 is increased. Therefore, the contact time of arsenic contained in the liquid supplied to the housing 2 in contact with the layered double hydroxide 3 is shortened, and arsenic may not be sufficiently adsorbed by the layered double hydroxide 3. Although the details will be described later, by providing the moving device 40, the dimension of the housing 2 in the Y direction is increased by 3 to 8 times, preferably 4 to 5 times, the dimension in the X direction, and arsenic and layered double hydroxides are provided. The contact time with 3 may be lengthened. The moving device 40 can also be applied to a housing whose dimension in the Y direction is larger than the dimension in the X direction. Further, the shape of the housing 2 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a conical shape or a rectangular shape.

The method for producing the layered double hydroxide 3 is disclosed in the international application number PCT / JP2017 / 046943 (WO2018 / 124,190), etc., which the applicant of the present application filed earlier. Therefore, although detailed description is omitted, an acidic solution containing divalent metal ions and trivalent metal ions and an alkaline solution are mixed to synthesize layered double hydroxides 3, and washing, filter pressing, drying, etc. Granular layered double hydroxide 3 can be produced through each of the steps described above. The production control is performed so that the particle size of the granular layered double hydroxide 3 is preferably 0.5 to 1.2 mm rather than 0.4 mm to 1.5 mm in the present embodiment. Since the granular layered double hydroxide 3 becomes muddy due to the passage of liquid water, the layered double hydroxide 3 before becoming muddy and muddy (for example, having a particle size of 0.3 mm or less) is moved. It is preferable to move by 40 (details will be described later).

The supply unit 10 supplies a liquid containing a harmful substance such as arsenic to the housing 2 from a water source such as a container or a well (not shown). In the present embodiment, the supply unit 10 supplies the liquid in the range of 3 liters to 12 liters per hour, but the amount of the liquid supplied from the supply unit 10 depends on the size (volume) of the housing 2. It can be decided as appropriate. Although one supply unit 10 is provided on the right end side in FIG. 1, a plurality of supply units 10 may be provided, and the mounting position of the supply unit 10 can be arbitrarily set. Further, the supply unit 10 may include a diffusion unit such as a shower head so that the liquid supplied into the housing 2 diffuses in the X direction. In this case, the diffusion unit is preferably provided on the housing 2 side of the supply unit 10. This makes it possible to prevent the liquid supplied from the supply unit 10 from being adsorbed only by the layered double hydroxide 3 at a specific location.

The discharge unit 20 discharges the liquid after arsenic is adsorbed by the layered double hydroxide 3 to the outside of the housing 2. It is preferable that the discharge unit 20 is provided with a filter that prevents the layered double hydroxide 3 from passing through so that the layered double hydroxide 3 is not discharged from the discharge unit 20. In this case, the filter may be formed with an opening through which the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size and the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 pass. Alternatively, the filter may be formed with an opening that does not allow the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size to pass through, but allows the layered double hydroxide 3 that has become muddy to pass through.
Although one discharge unit 20 is provided on the left end side in FIG. 1, a plurality of discharge units 20 may be provided, and the mounting position of the discharge unit 20 can be arbitrarily set.
In the present embodiment, the liquid is supplied from above the housing 2 and discharged from below the housing 2, but the liquid may be supplied from below the housing 2 and discharged from above the housing 2. Further, although the details will be described later, a plurality of valves may be switched to switch between supply and discharge.

The differential pressure gauge 30 measures the pressure difference between the pressure of the liquid flowing through the supply unit 10 and the liquid flowing through the discharge unit 20. One end of the differential pressure gauge 30 is connected to the supply unit 10, the other end is connected to the discharge unit 20, and the measurement result is output to the control device 50. When the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure gauge 30 is small, clogging due to the collapse of the layered double hydroxide 3 does not occur, while when the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure gauge 30 is large, the layered double hydroxide is water. It is considered that clogging has occurred due to the collapse of the oxide 3, or clogging may occur. In the present embodiment, when a differential pressure of 100 KPa or more or 150 KPa or more is generated, the housing 2 may be clogged or may be clogged. A differential pressure that should be determined to be clogged in the housing 2 may be set according to the pressure resistance of the housing 2.

The moving device 40 moves the layered double hydroxide 3 so that the housing 2 is not clogged. In the present embodiment, the moving device 40 may be any device that can vibrate the housing 2 in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction), for example, an ultrasonic vibrator that generates ultrasonic vibration, a MEMS vibrator, or the like. May be used. In FIG. 1, two moving devices 40 are provided on the lower surface of the housing 2, but the number of the moving devices 40 can be arbitrarily set, and the moving devices 40 may be provided on the side surface or the upper surface of the housing 2. Further, the moving device 40 may be one that can generate vibration in the left-right direction (X-axis direction). The moving device 40 may be provided in the housing 2.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the inside of the housing 2 after driving the moving device 40. In FIG. 1, the shape of the upper layered double hydroxide 3 is deformed by the passage of liquid, and there are many layered double hydroxides 3a having a small particle size on the upper side. On the other hand, by driving the moving device 40, as shown in FIG. 2, the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size is diffused, so that the housing caused by the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size It is possible to reduce the occurrence of clogging in 2.

The mobile device 40 can also be configured by deforming the supply unit 10 and the discharge unit 20. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a modified example of the supply unit 10 (discharge unit 20), and since the configuration is the same, the description will be continued using the supply unit 10 as an example. The supply unit 10 is connected to a container (not shown) that stores a liquid containing a harmful substance via a supply valve 11, and after arsenic is adsorbed by the layered double hydroxide 3 via the discharge valve 12. Is connected to a pipe that discharges the liquid of the above to the outside of the housing 2. Further, the supply valve 11 and the discharge valve 12 are connected to the control device 50.

When the measured value of the differential pressure gauge 30 exceeds 100 KPa, the control device 50 switches the supply valve 11 of the supply unit 10 from the open state to the closed state to stop the supply of the liquid, and the discharge valve 12 of the supply unit 10. Is switched from the closed state to the open state so that the liquid in the housing 2 can be discharged from the supply unit 10 using a pump (not shown).
Further, the control device 50 switches the discharge valve 12 of the discharge unit 20 from the open state to the closed state to stop the discharge of the liquid, and switches the supply valve 11 of the discharge unit 20 from the closed state to the open state to the discharge unit 20. The liquid can be supplied to the housing 2 by using a pump (not shown).

That is, the control device 50 supplies the liquid from the lower side of the housing 2 and discharges the liquid after the arsenic is adsorbed by the layered double hydroxide 3 from the upper side of the housing 2 to the outside of the housing 2. In this way, by switching between the supply direction and the discharge direction of the liquid (by regurgitating), the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size diffuses in the housing 2, so that clogging in the housing 2 occurs. Can be reduced.
The moving device 40 using the vibrator and the moving device 40 using the supply valve 11 and the discharge valve 12 may be used in combination.

Instead of this, the supply unit 10 and the discharge unit 20 are provided on the upper surface of the housing 2, and the supply unit 10 and the discharge unit 20 are provided on the lower surface of the housing 2, so that the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size is provided. May be diffused in the housing 2.
In this case as well, it may be used in combination with the moving device 40 using the vibrator.

The control device 50 includes a CPU that performs various arithmetic processes and a memory that stores programs and data, and controls the entire filtration device 100. The control device 50 performs control for reducing clogging in the housing 2 such as switching control for the supply valve 11 and the discharge valve 12 described above, and control for replacement of the layered double hydroxide 3.

(Explanation of flowchart)
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the filtration process by the control device 50, and the description will be continued below based on the flowchart of FIG. At the stage when the process of FIG. 4 is started, the parameter N indicating the number of times the mobile device 40 is driven is initialized (N = 0).

The control device 50 starts timing at the timing when the layered double hydroxide 3 is supplied to the housing 2 and a liquid containing arsenic or the like is passed through the housing 2 (step S1). The control device 50 may store the date and time when the water flow starts instead of the timekeeping. In either case, it is sufficient to know the total time for passing water. Further, when the water flow is not continuously performed, the control device 50 may stop the time counting at the end of the water flow and restart the time measurement at the restart of the water flow.

The control device 50 measures with a differential pressure gauge 30 when a liquid containing arsenic or the like is flowing, and determines whether or not the differential pressure between the supply unit 10 and the discharge unit 20 is equal to or less than the threshold value (step S2). In the present embodiment, the threshold value is set to 150 KPa, and the control device 50 repeats step S2 on the assumption that the housing 2 is not clogged when the differential pressure by the differential pressure gauge 30 is 150 KPa or less. On the other hand, the control device 50 proceeds to step S3 on the assumption that clogging in the housing 2 may occur or may occur when the differential pressure by the differential pressure gauge 30 exceeds 150 KPa.

When the determination in step S2 is No, the control device 50 drives the moving device 40 to diffuse the layered double hydroxide 3a (see FIG. 1) having a small particle size located in the upper part of the housing 2 (step S3). ). As the moving device 40, one using an oscillator, one using a supply valve 11 and a discharge valve 12, and one having a supply unit 10 and a discharge unit 20 on each of the upper surface and the lower surface are driven individually or in combination as appropriate. can do.

The control device 50 determines whether or not the differential pressure has become equal to or lower than the threshold value due to the driving of the moving device 40 (step S4). The control device 50 repeats the determination in step S4 until the differential pressure becomes equal to or less than the threshold value. The control device 50 filters when the differential pressure does not fall below the threshold value even when the moving device 40 is driven for a predetermined time (for example, 5 to 60 minutes), the differential pressure does not decrease, or the differential pressure increases. It may be determined that the device 100 has some abnormality. When this determination is made, the control device 50 may stop the water flow or replace the layered double hydroxide 3 because the adsorption performance of the layered double hydroxide 3 has deteriorated.
Here, the description will be continued on the assumption that the differential pressure becomes equal to or less than the threshold value due to the driving of the moving device 40.

Since the differential pressure becomes equal to or less than the threshold value, the control device 50 stops driving the mobile device 40 (step S5), increases the number of times N of the mobile device 40 is driven by one (N ← N + 1), and stores it in the memory (step). S6). The reason why the control device 50 stores the drive count N of the mobile device 40 in the memory is to determine the replacement time of the layered double hydroxide 3.

Next, the control device 50 determines whether to replace the layered double hydroxide 3 (step S7). In the present embodiment, it is assumed that 1 kg of the layered double hydroxide 3 can adsorb arsenic contained in 6000 to 8000 liters of liquid. For example, when the supply unit 10 supplies 5 liters of liquid per hour, 1200 hours (50 days). ) To 1600 hours (about 67 days) is a guideline for replacing the layered double hydroxide 3. Therefore, the control device 50 may determine the replacement time of the layered double hydroxide 3 based on the time counting time acquired in step S1. Alternatively, or in combination with this, the control device 50 may determine the replacement time of the layered double hydroxide 3 based on the number of times N of the moving device 40 is driven and the driving time of the moving device 40. .. When the determination is made using the drive time of the mobile device 40, the time from the start to the stop of the drive may be measured and totaled each time the mobile device 40 is driven.

The reason why 1 kg of layered double hydroxide 3 can pass 6000 liters of water and 8000 liters of water can be caused by the concentration of arsenic, and when the concentration of arsenic is high, 6000 liters of water can be passed. As a result, the adsorption performance of the layered double hydroxide 3 deteriorates. Therefore, when the temperature is high and the liquid easily evaporates, the arsenic concentration of the liquid increases, so that a correction coefficient that shortens the replacement period may be stored in the memory. On the other hand, when a large amount of rain falls in the rainy season or the like, the arsenic concentration of the liquid decreases, so a correction coefficient that prolongs the replacement period may be stored in the memory. If the filtration device 100 is equipped with various communication devices such as wireless communication and wired communication, weather information such as temperature, humidity, and rainfall can be obtained, and the above-mentioned correction coefficient can be set or changed. In addition, since the arsenic concentration is often caused by a water source such as a well, it is possible to store water source data such as which water source the liquid is from and position information in a memory and reflect it in the above correction coefficient. Good.

Further, as a determination of replacement of the layered double hydroxide 3, as described above, in the determination of step S4, the differential pressure does not fall below the threshold value even after a predetermined time elapses, the differential pressure does not decrease, or the differential pressure does not decrease. May be used when becomes high. That is, the volume and shape of the housing 2, the supply amount of the layered double hydroxide 3 supplied to the housing 2, and the supply amount of the liquid supplied from the supply unit 10 are set, and the layered double hydroxide 3 is provided. It suffices to make the replacement time substantially coincide with the time when the inside of the housing 2 is or is likely to be clogged. In this case, the moving device 40 can be omitted.

Further, when the replacement time of the layered double hydroxide 3 and the time when the housing 2 is likely to be clogged or clogged do not match, the control device 50 drives the moving device 40 to drive the layered double hydroxide. The replacement time of 3 may be made to coincide with the time when the inside of the housing 2 is or is likely to be clogged. In this case, the control device 50 may drive the moving device 40 based on the differential pressure of the differential pressure gauge 30, or may drive the moving device 40 based on the liquid water flow time or the liquid water flow amount. When the replacement time of the layered double hydroxide 3 and the time when clogging in the housing 2 is or is likely to occur are substantially the same, the replacement time of the layered double hydroxide 3 is set to the first (1) in the housing 2. It may be the time when the clogging of the second time) occurs or is likely to occur, or it may be the time when the second and subsequent clogging occurs or is likely to occur.

If the determination in step S7 is Yes, the control device 50 performs various processes for exchanging the layered double hydroxide 3 and the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size (step S8), and ends this flowchart. ..

According to the liquid filter 1 of the present embodiment, since the moving device 40 diffuses the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of clogging in the housing 2. Further, according to the liquid filter 1 of the present embodiment, the control device 50 determines the replacement time of the layered double hydroxide 3 according to the measurement result of the differential pressure gauge 30, so that the liquid filter 1 that is easy to use is realized. can do. Further, since the control device 50 determines the replacement time of the layered double hydroxide 3 based on at least one of the drive time of the mobile device 40 and the number of times the mobile device 40 is driven, the liquid filter 1 that is easy to use is realized. can do.

In the present embodiment, the dimension in the height direction (Y direction) of the housing 2 and the dimension in the direction intersecting the height direction (X direction) are set, and the liquid to be supplied to the housing 2 is supplied per unit time. The amount is set, the amount of the layered double hydroxide 3 supplied to the housing 2 is set, and the layered double hydroxide is clogged when the housing 2 is clogged due to the change in the shape of the layered double hydroxide 3 due to the passage of liquid. The hydroxide 3 is being replaced. As a result, the layered double hydroxide 3 can be replaced at an appropriate timing without providing a sensor for detecting the deterioration of the adsorption performance of the layered double hydroxide 3. The housing 2 can also be applied to a housing whose dimension in the Y direction is larger than the dimension in the X direction.

(Second Embodiment)
Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 5, but the same components as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified. FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the filtration device 100 of the second embodiment, and in the second embodiment, the housing 2 is provided at an angle.

Even when the dimension of the housing 2 in the X direction is larger than the dimension in the Y direction, the space velocity of the fluid can be reduced by tilting the housing 2 by 3 to 40 degrees, preferably 5 to 30 degrees. As a result, the time for the arsenic contained in the liquid to come into contact with the layered double hydroxide 3 can be lengthened as compared with the case where the housing 2 is not tilted. If the angle at which the housing 2 is tilted is less than 3 degrees, the time for arsenic to come into contact with the layered double hydroxide 3 is not so long, and if the angle at which the housing 2 is tilted exceeds 40 degrees, the speed at which the liquid heads toward the discharge unit 20 increases. It gets too fast. As described above, according to the second embodiment, it is possible to realize the liquid filter 1 capable of efficiently adsorbing arsenic.

(Modified example of the second embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a modified example of the second embodiment, and is provided with a second discharge portion 21 for discharging the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 to the outside of the housing 2. In addition, in order to simplify the drawing, the illustration of the differential pressure gauge 30 is simplified.
The muddy layered double hydroxide 3 tends to accumulate on the upper part of the housing 2, and when the housing 2 is tilted as in the present embodiment, it moves to the left side of FIG. 6 according to the tilt. Therefore, in this modification, the mud-like layered double hydroxide 3 is passed through the left end of the upper part of the housing 2 (one end on the lower side of the housing 2), and the non-mud-like layered double hydroxide is passed. An opening through which the oxide 3 does not pass is provided to form a second discharge portion 21. The second discharge unit 21 is a pipe member, and in this modified example, it is connected to the discharge unit 20 to discharge the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 to the outside of the housing 2, but the discharge unit 20 is It may be an independent discharge pipeline.

Further, the opening formed at the left end of the upper part of the housing 2 (one end on the side where the height direction of the housing 2 is low) may be sized so as to allow the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size to pass through. In this modification, the moving device 40 may be omitted.
Further, the second discharge unit 21 of this modification may be applied to the first embodiment. In this case, the second discharge portion 21 may be provided at either the left end or the right end of the housing 2, or may be provided at both the left end and the right end of the housing 2. As described above, in the present modification, the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 can be discharged, so that the clogging of the housing 2 can be reduced.

(Third Embodiment)
Hereinafter, the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 7, but the same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified. FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the filtration device 100 of the third embodiment, in which a moving device 40 is provided in the housing 2 and a second supply unit 60 for supplying a new layered double hydroxide 3 to the housing 2. Is provided. Further, in the present embodiment, the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 and the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size are passed through, and the other layered double hydroxide 3 is not passed through the selection unit 5. A third discharge section 22 is provided for discharging the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 that has passed through the selection section 5 and the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size to the outside of the housing 2. In addition, in order to simplify the drawing, the illustration of the differential pressure gauge 30 is simplified.

The moving device 40 of the present embodiment includes a belt conveyor 41 and a roll member 42 that drives the upper surface of the belt conveyor 41 in the direction of an arrow in the drawing.
The belt conveyor 41 only needs to be able to convey the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 and the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size, and for example, a hole smaller than that of the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size is formed. It can be in the form of a mesh. In this case, it is desirable that the mesh-shaped belt conveyor 41 determines the mesh count so that the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 can also be conveyed.
The roll member 42 is made of resin or metal, and is rotated counterclockwise by a motor (not shown) to repeatedly drive the upper surface of the belt conveyor 41 in the direction of the arrow.

The selection unit 5 is a plate-shaped member extending in the Y direction, and allows the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size and the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 to pass through, while the other layered double hydroxides. It has an opening of a size that does not allow the object 3 to pass through. Therefore, the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size and the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 conveyed by the belt conveyor 41 pass through this opening and are conveyed to the disposal portion 2a of the housing 2. In the third embodiment, since the third discharge section 22 is provided below the disposal section 2a, the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size and the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 are placed in the housing 2. Can be disposed of externally. The size of the opening of the selection unit 5 may be set so that the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size is not discharged from the third discharge unit 22.

If the belt conveyor 41 is continuously driven in the direction of the arrow, the layered double hydroxide 3 that cannot pass through the opening of the selection unit 5 may accumulate in the vicinity of the selection unit 5. In this case, the control device 50 may rotate a motor (not shown) clockwise to drive the upper surface of the belt conveyor 41 in the direction opposite to the arrow direction. Further, it is preferable to provide the selection unit 5, the disposal unit 2a, and the discharge unit 20 on the right end side of the housing 2. The opening of the selection unit 5 is made smaller so that the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size does not pass through the selection unit 5, but the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 passes through the selection unit 5. It may be.

The second supply unit 60 has a supply path 61 for supplying the new layered double hydroxide 3, and a valve 62 connected to the control device 50.
The control device 50 can periodically control the valve 62 from the closed state to the open state to supply the housing 2 with the new layered double hydroxide 3.
In the third embodiment, the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 is discharged to the outside of the housing 2, while a new layered double hydroxide 3 is provided to the housing 2, so that the housing 2 is more clogged. Can be reduced. In the third embodiment, the differential pressure gauge 30 may be omitted, or the second supply unit 60 may be omitted.
Further, the disposal unit 2a, the selection unit 5, the mobile device 40, and the second supply unit 60 of the third embodiment can also be applied to the second embodiment.

(Fourth Embodiment)
Hereinafter, the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 8, but the same components as those of the first to third embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the filtration device 100 of the fourth embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, the housing 2 has a dimension in the Y direction larger than a dimension in the X direction. Further, in the fourth embodiment, the valve 13 is provided in the supply unit 10. The valve 13 is switched between the open state and the closed state by the air pressure from a compressor (not shown), and the liquid is supplied to the housing 2 when the valve 13 is in the open state, and the liquid is not supplied to the housing 2 when the valve 13 is in the closed state. There is. Further, a part of the valve 13 is designed so that the color is switched between the open state and the closed state. For example, when the valve 13 is in the closed state, the color is a color that calls attention such as yellow or red, and can be identified from the outside. You can do it.

In the fourth embodiment, the control device 50 opens the valve 13 from the open state to the closed state when the replacement time of the layered compound hydroxide 3 coincides with the time when the inside of the housing 2 is or is likely to be clogged. The supply of the liquid to the housing 2 is stopped by switching to. Further, as described above, a part of the valve 13 changes to a color that calls attention, so that it is possible to notify the replacement time of the layered double hydroxide 3.
In addition, instead of or in combination with the color alert, when the control device 50 coincides with the time when the layered double hydroxide 3 is replaced and the time when the housing 2 is clogged or is likely to occur. , A sound may be generated to call attention.

(Fifth Embodiment)
Hereinafter, the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 9, but the same components as those of the first to fourth embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the filtration device 100 of the fifth embodiment. In the fifth embodiment, a pipe 6 having a hole 7 on a side surface and a holding member 8 for holding the pipe 6 in the housing 2 And have.

The pipe 6 guides the liquid supplied from the supply unit 10 to the middle or lower side of the housing 2 along the Y direction of the housing 2. As the material of the pipe 6, resin, metal, or the like can be used. As shown in FIG. 9, one end (upper side) of the pipe 6 is located above the layered double hydroxide 3. This is to prevent the pipe 6 from being clogged by preventing the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size and the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 from entering the inside of the pipe 6. When there is a space above the housing 2 that is not filled with liquid, it is preferable that one end (upper side) of the pipe 6 is located above the liquid surface.

Further, the pipe 6 has a larger number of holes 7 on the other end side (lower side) than on one end side (upper side), and is 5 mm to 50 mm, preferably about 5 mm to 25 mm from one end (upper side). Until then, the hole 7 is not formed. This is to prevent the liquid supplied from the supply unit 10 from being supplied to the upper part of the housing 2. In the present embodiment, since the liquid supplied from the supply unit 10 is supplied to the lower side of the housing 2 by the pipe 6 and the hole portion 7 provided in the pipe 6, a layer having a small particle size in the upper part of the housing 2 is supplied. The double hydroxide 3a is less likely to become muddy, and the housing 2 is less likely to be clogged. The size of the pore portion 7 is preferably smaller than the size of the layered double hydroxide 3 and the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size. This makes it possible to prevent the pipe 6 from being clogged with the layered double hydroxide 3 or the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size. Further, if the size of the hole 7 is made larger near the center (middle in the Y direction) or near the outlet (lower in the Y direction) of the pipe than on the inlet side (upper part in the Y direction) of the pipe 6, the size of the hole 7 is increased from the supply part 10. The supplied liquid can be guided to the middle or lower part of the housing 2. The size of the hole 7 may be larger near the center of the pipe 6 than near the outlet side of the pipe 6.
Further, in the fifth embodiment, since the inner diameter of the pipe 6 is larger than the size of the hole 7, the amount of the liquid discharged from one hole 7 is the amount of the liquid discharged from the lower part of the pipe 6. It is less than the amount of emissions.

In the fifth embodiment, two pipes 6 are shown in FIG. 9, but the number of pipes 6 may be one or three or more. When the layered double hydroxide 3a having a small particle size becomes muddy, it may become muddy by about T cm (for example, 5 cm) from the upper layer. Therefore, when a plurality of pipes 6 are provided, the two pipes 6 are separated by the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 by providing them at intervals of 2 T cm (for example, 10 cm) or more in the X direction. You can prevent it from getting clogged. When a plurality of pipes 6 are provided, they are preferably provided at substantially equal intervals, and may be arranged so as to be radial, for example.
Further, the length of the pipe 6 in the Y direction can be arbitrarily set, and the length of the housing 2 may be set to near the center of the Y direction, or may be set to the vicinity of the lower part of the pipe 6 in the Y direction. Good. The plurality of pipes 6 may have the same length.

The holding member 8 is a member that holds the pipe 6, and may have any shape as long as the pipe 6 can be held, and a resin, metal, or the like can be used as the material. For example, a resin net member may be used as the holding member 8 to hold the pipe 6 in the mesh. When a net member is used as the holding member 8, the pipe 6 can be held by utilizing the elastic deformation of the net member. Further, if the pipe 6 is held by the mesh, one holding member 8 can hold a plurality of holding members 8. In FIG. 9, the holding member 8 holds the pipe 6 at one place, but a plurality of holding members 8 may be provided at a distance in the Y direction to hold the pipe 6 at a plurality of places.

According to the fifth embodiment, since the pipe 6 guides the liquid supplied from the supply unit 10 to the lower part of the housing 2, the muddy layered double hydroxide 3 is formed only on the upper part of the housing 2. Can be prevented. Thereby, it is possible to reduce the clogging of the housing 2.
Further, by adjusting the number, length, diameter, number of holes 7 and the like of the pipe 6, the time when the layered double hydroxide 3 is replaced and the time when the inside of the housing 2 is clogged or is likely to occur. If the above are substantially the same, the replacement time of the layered double hydroxide 3 can be easily detected based on the measurement result of the differential pressure gauge 30. The moving device 40 may be driven in order to substantially coincide with the time when the layered double hydroxide 3 is replaced and the time when the housing 2 is clogged or is likely to be clogged. In this case, any mobile device 40 of the first to fourth embodiments may be used. If the replacement time of the layered double hydroxide 3 and the time when the clogging in the housing 2 occurs or is likely to occur can be substantially coincided with each other without using the moving device 40, the moving device It is also possible to omit 40.

(Modified example of the fifth embodiment)
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a filtration device 100 showing a modified example of the fifth embodiment. In the fifth embodiment, since the inner diameter of the pipe 6 is larger than the size of the hole 7, the amount of liquid discharged from the lower part of the pipe 6 is large, and the layered double hydroxide having a small particle size near the lower part of the pipe 6 is discharged. The hydroxide 3a may become muddy. Further, since the liquid guided to the lower part of the housing 2 by the pipe 6 is close to the discharge portion 20, the liquid discharged from the lower part of the pipe 6 has a shorter contact time with the layered double hydroxide 3, and arsenic. May not be sufficiently adsorbed by the layered double hydroxide 3.

Therefore, in this modification, as shown in FIG. 10, the shape of the pipe 6 is tapered so that the outer diameter and the inner diameter become smaller toward the lower part of the pipe (toward the discharge portion 20). Therefore, in this modification, the amount of liquid discharged from the lower part of the pipe 6 can be reduced as compared with the fifth embodiment, so that the layered double hydroxide having a small particle size near the lower part of the pipe 6 can be reduced. It is possible to reduce the muddy state of 3a. Further, since the amount of the liquid discharged from the lower part of the pipe 6 is reduced, the amount of the liquid having a short contact time with the layered double hydroxide 3 can be reduced.
Even when the inner diameter of the pipe 6 is tapered, the inner diameter of the lower portion of the pipe 6 is preferably equal to or larger than the size of the hole 7.

The embodiments described above are merely examples for explaining the present invention, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, a flow meter may be provided in the supply unit 10 and the discharge unit 20 instead of the differential pressure gauge 30, and whether the housing 2 is clogged due to the difference between the flow rate flowing through the supply unit 10 and the flow rate flowing through the discharge unit 20. May be judged. Further, the liquid filter 1 may be a cartridge exchange type. The supply valve 11, the discharge valve 12, the valve 13 and the valve 62 may be an air valve or an electromagnetic valve. Further, the first to fifth embodiments may be combined as appropriate.

1 Liquid filter 2 Housing 3 Layered compound hydroxide 3a Small particle size layered compound hydroxide 10 Supply part 11 Supply valve 12 Discharge valve 20 Discharge part 30 Differential pressure gauge 40 Moving device 50 Control device 100 Filtering device

Claims

A housing containing a layered double hydroxide that adsorbs harmful substances contained in liquids,
A liquid filter comprising a moving device for moving the layered double hydroxide in the housing.
The liquid filter according to claim 1, wherein the moving device is provided on the outside of the housing.
The moving device is
A state in which a liquid is supplied from the first piping portion connected to the housing and the liquid is discharged from the second piping portion connected to the housing, and a state in which the liquid is supplied from the second piping portion and the liquid is supplied from the first piping portion. The liquid filter according to claim 2, further comprising a switching unit for switching between a state of discharging liquid from the liquid.
The liquid filter according to claim 1, wherein the moving device is provided in the housing.
The liquid filter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the moving device moves the layered double hydroxide so as to diffuse the layered double hydroxide.
The liquid filter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the moving device has a vibrating member that vibrates the housing.
A differential pressure gauge that measures the differential pressure between the liquid supplied to the housing and the liquid discharged from the housing.
The liquid filter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a control device that controls the moving device according to the measurement result of the differential pressure gauge.
The liquid filter according to claim 7, wherein the control device determines the replacement of the layered double hydroxide according to the measurement result of the differential pressure gauge.
The invention according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a control device for determining replacement of the layered double hydroxide based on at least one of the drive time of the mobile device and the number of times the mobile device is driven. Liquid filter.
The liquid filter according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the criteria for determining the exchange of the layered double hydroxide is set based on the information related to the concentration of the harmful substance in the liquid.
The liquid filter according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the housing is installed at an angle with respect to a horizontal plane.
The liquid filter according to claim 11, wherein the housing is installed at an angle of 3 to 40 degrees with respect to a horizontal plane.
The liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the housing is provided with a conduit for leading out the muddy layered double hydroxide among the layered double hydroxides to the outside. filter.
The liquid filter according to claim 13, wherein the moving device is a belt conveyor that moves the layered double hydroxide that has become muddy in the housing toward the pipeline.
The invention according to any one of claims 1 to 14, further comprising a valve for switching whether to supply the liquid to the housing, and changing the color of a part of the valve according to the state of the valve. Liquid filter.
Steps to set the height of the housing through which the liquid passes and the dimensions in the direction intersecting the height of the housing.
A step of setting the supply amount of the liquid to be supplied to the housing per unit time, and
A step of setting the amount of the layered double hydroxide that adsorbs harmful substances contained in the liquid to the housing, and
A method for treating a liquid, which comprises a step of replacing the layered double hydroxide when the housing is clogged due to a change in the shape of the layered double hydroxide due to water flow of the liquid.
The method for treating a liquid according to claim 16, further comprising a step of moving the layered double hydroxide in the housing to adjust the time during which the housing is clogged due to a change in the shape of the layered double hydroxide.
A housing containing a layered double hydroxide that adsorbs harmful substances contained in liquids,
A liquid filter comprising a pipe that guides the liquid supplied to the housing toward the discharge side of the housing.
The liquid filter according to claim 18, wherein a hole is formed on the side surface of the pipe.
The liquid filter according to claim 19, wherein the holes are formed more on the discharge side of the housing than on the supply side of the housing.
The liquid filter according to claim 19 or 20, wherein a plurality of the holes are provided, and the hole near the center of the pipe is larger than the size of the hole on the inlet side of the pipe.
The liquid filter according to any one of claims 18 to 21, wherein the pipe has a tapered shape.
The housing is provided with a first pipe and a second pipe as the pipes.
The liquid filter according to any one of claims 18 to 22, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe have different lengths.