WO2021109335A1 - 一种自发电供电装置 - Google Patents

一种自发电供电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021109335A1
WO2021109335A1 PCT/CN2020/074233 CN2020074233W WO2021109335A1 WO 2021109335 A1 WO2021109335 A1 WO 2021109335A1 CN 2020074233 W CN2020074233 W CN 2020074233W WO 2021109335 A1 WO2021109335 A1 WO 2021109335A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy
self
power supply
electromagnetic field
supply device
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PCT/CN2020/074233
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹霞
王珏
Original Assignee
北京纳杰科技有限公司
嘉兴珏创科技有限公司
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Application filed by 北京纳杰科技有限公司, 嘉兴珏创科技有限公司 filed Critical 北京纳杰科技有限公司
Priority to KR1020227019440A priority Critical patent/KR20220100910A/ko
Priority to EP20895521.1A priority patent/EP4054071A4/en
Priority to JP2022534245A priority patent/JP2023505306A/ja
Priority to US17/782,672 priority patent/US20230010523A1/en
Publication of WO2021109335A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021109335A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
    • H02N1/04—Friction generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/001—Energy harvesting or scavenging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
    • H02N11/002—Generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a self-generating power supply device.
  • the utility model can overcome the shortcomings of traditional equipment and directly convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through a wired or wireless manner, achieving the purpose of directly charging small electrical appliances in real time without an external power source.
  • the utility model will not only promote the substantial development of wearable equipment and small mobile communication equipment technology, but will also have an immeasurable impact on the Internet of Things, sensing and other fields.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a self-generating power supply device.
  • the device includes a generator, an energy collector, and an electrical appliance.
  • the generator generates an electromagnetic field through force, and the electromagnetic field energy is collected by the energy collector and transmitted to the electrical appliance.
  • the electromagnetic field energy can also be directly received and used by electrical appliances.
  • the electrical appliances collect the electromagnetic field energy by contacting the generator or not in contact with the generator, wired transmission or wireless transmission.
  • Forces include contact, collision, flapping, knocking, stepping, squeezing, friction, etc.
  • the energy collector collects the electromagnetic field energy generated when the generator is subjected to force through wired transmission or wireless transmission with or without contact with the generator, and converts it into electrical energy for use by electrical appliances.
  • Contact or non-contact refers to the electromagnetic field energy receiving form between the energy collector and the generator. Wired or wireless means that the electric energy between the energy collector and the consumer is transmitted to the driving. There is no direct connection between the two.
  • the energy harvesting body When the energy harvesting body contacts the power generating body to receive the electromagnetic field energy, it can conduct electric energy to the consumer in a wired way or wirelessly to the consumer; in the same way, when the energy harvesting body and the generator are not in contact with each other to receive the electromagnetic field energy, Electric energy can be conducted to electrical appliances in a wired manner, or electrical energy can be conducted to electrical appliances in a wireless manner.
  • the power generating body is made of at least one organic material, inorganic material or composite material, and the power generating body has a one-dimensional, two-dimensional structure or a three-dimensional structure.
  • the power generating body is a rigid or flexible structure.
  • the energy harvesting body is made of at least one organic material, inorganic material or composite material, and the energy harvesting body is an article made of man-made materials or a naturally existing object.
  • the energy harvesting body is a rigid or flexible structure.
  • the combination of the power generation body, the energy collection body and the electrical appliances of the device includes: a simple stacked structure, a meshing structure, a fusion integrated structure, a mosaic structure, an island-like distribution structure, an array structure, a random dispersion structure, and the like.
  • the application environment of the device includes complex environments such as liquid environment, gas environment, and high temperature environment.
  • the utility model can overcome the shortcomings of traditional equipment, directly convert mechanical energy into electric energy through a wired or wireless manner, and realize the purpose of directly charging small electrical appliances in real time without an external power source.
  • the utility model will not only promote the substantial development of wearable equipment and small mobile communication equipment technology, but will also have an immeasurable impact on the Internet of Things, sensing and other fields. Realize energy conversion and efficient use, so as to realize the healthy development of society.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-generating power supply device of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the energy harvesting of embodiment 1 of the utility model
  • Figure 3 is a physical diagram of lighting the bulb according to Example 1, where (c) and (d) are the brightness of the bulb when the force is small, and (e) and (f) are the bulb when the force is large. Brightness, (g) is the actual layout of the bulb;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of energy harvesting in embodiment 2 of the utility model
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of energy harvesting in embodiment 3 of the utility model
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of energy harvesting in embodiment 4 of the utility model
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of energy harvesting in embodiment 5 of the utility model
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of energy harvesting in embodiment 6 of the utility model
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of energy harvesting in embodiment 7 of the utility model.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of energy harvesting in embodiment 8 of the utility model
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of energy harvesting in embodiment 9 of the utility model.
  • 1-energy harvesting body 2-electromagnetic field; 3-generator; 4-electrical appliances; 5-force; 6-human hand; 7-large LED light; 8-insulated wire; 9-notebook computer ;10-Thin plate; 11-Small LED lights in series; 12-Mobile phone that can be charged wirelessly; 13-Metal coil; 14-Generator distributed in island shape on the back of the phone shell; 15-Smart watch; 16-Thin film; 17- Power generating body embedded in the energy harvesting body; 18-energy harvesting body embedded with the power generating body; 19-tablet computer; 20-power generating body woven with the energy harvesting body; 21-energy harvesting woven together with the power generating body collective.
  • the utility model provides a self-generating power supply device.
  • the device includes a generator 3, an energy collector 1 and an electrical appliance 4.
  • the generator 3 generates an electromagnetic field 2 through a force 5, and the electromagnetic field energy is collected by the energy collector 1 and transmitted to the electrical appliance 4.
  • the device may also not include the energy harvesting body, and the energy harvesting device can be used as a component of the electrical device (both as the functional structure of the electrical device and the electromagnetic field energy collection) by the electrical device at the same time. ), that is, it only includes two parts: generator and consumer.
  • the structure of the device is not limited to a simple stacked "sandwich” structure, it can also be a gear-like meshing structure between the power generation body and the energy harvesting body, which can be a fusion of the power generation body and the energy harvesting body, or the two can be inlaid together , It can be two closed curved surfaces, or other structures capable of generating electricity.
  • the generator When the generator is subjected to contact, collision, flapping, percussion, stepping, squeezing, friction and other forces, it can generate electromagnetic field energy. At the same time, the energy collector or the electrical appliance directly acting as the energy collector can contact the generator or not. Contact, wired transmission or wireless transmission methods collect electromagnetic field energy and generate electrical energy output to realize self-generation and power supply. This will have a major impact on the development of wearable devices and small mobile communication devices. It is not only a major breakthrough in energy, but also solves the problem of sustainable power supply and charging for wearable devices (including mobile phones and electronic watches).
  • the power generating body can be constructed from one material, or can be constructed by combining or compounding two or more materials. It can be a flexible material, it can be a rigid material; it can be a conductor, it can be a semiconductor, it can be an insulator, or it can be other materials that are prone to generate electromagnetic fields when subjected to force.
  • the power generating body can be a two-dimensional flat plate, a film, a thin plate, a three-dimensional three-dimensional, or a curved surface. Any object that can generate electromagnetic field energy can be used as a generator, regardless of the shape of the object.
  • the amount of electromagnetic field energy produced by the generator is related to factors such as the area of force, the size of the force received, the object to which the force is applied, and the amount of the generating body.
  • the electromagnetic field generated by the generator has a certain range and direction. The specific direction and range are related to factors such as the direction of the force, the material of the object, the construction material of the generator, the magnitude of the force, and the location of the force.
  • the force-applying object may be a living body or a non-living body, and the force-applying object may be constructed of organic materials, inorganic materials, or organic-inorganic composite materials.
  • the size of the power generation body and the energy harvesting body or the electrical appliances that can be directly used as the energy harvesting body can be the same or different. It can fit exactly with the same shape and size. This can not only broaden the use conditions of the self-generating power supply equipment, but also increase the effective receiving area of electromagnetic field energy.
  • the power generating body and the energy harvesting body can be used in a variety of complex environments, including daily atmospheric environments, different gas environments, different liquid environments, and even vacuum environments. This overcomes the "squeaky" weakness of traditional power supplies. For example, some power supplies will fail when encountered in a humid environment, and chemical power supplies will have unfavorable chemical reactions in high-temperature environments.
  • the power generating body and the energy collecting body do not need to use expensive instruments for precision manufacturing.
  • the self-generating power supply device of the new type has simple structure, convenient manufacturing and low price, and the energy source of the self-powered power supply device is renewable.
  • the energy collector can be placed above or below the generator, and can be placed at any position within the range of the electromagnetic field energy that can be collected.
  • the energy harvesting body can collect energy by contacting the generating body or not contacting the generating body, and supplying electricity to the electrical appliances in a wired or wireless manner.
  • the electrical appliance can be placed at any position within the range where the electromagnetic field energy can be collected. Consumers can contact the generator or not, and collect energy in a wired or wireless manner for their own use.
  • the construction material of the energy harvesting body can be a conductor, a semiconductor, or a wire covered with an insulating layer; it can be one material, or two or more materials; it can be an organic material, an inorganic material, or a composite Material; can be rigid or flexible. Different materials and different types of energy harvesting bodies have different energy collection capabilities.
  • the energy collection body is not limited by shape, etc., but different shapes may affect the collection efficiency.
  • the energy collection efficiency of the energy collection body is related to factors such as the material of the collection body, the amount, the distance between the energy collection body and the power generation body, and the effective receiving area.
  • the energy harvesting body or the electrical appliance that can directly serve as the energy harvesting body and the power generating body may be relatively moving or relatively static.
  • the desktop is made of special materials, and the rechargeable mouse can be self-charged when sliding on the desktop. At this time, the desktop is used as a generator, and the rechargeable mouse is directly used as an energy collector. The two are relatively moving; made of specific materials
  • the cell phone shell can be charged by rubbing or tapping the cell phone shell by hand. At this time, the cell phone shell acts as a generator and the cell phone directly acts as an energy collector.
  • Electrical appliances can be appliances in daily life, such as light bulbs, electronic watches, mobile phones, and so on.
  • Electrical appliances that can be used directly as energy harvesters refer to certain structures and materials with energy harvesters that can directly collect the electromagnetic field energy generated by the generator, such as LED lights, mobile phones that can be charged wirelessly, and so on. All electrical appliances that can directly perform energy harvesting and electrical appliances that can be connected to the energy harvesting body to consume electrical energy can be assembled with the power generating body and the energy harvesting body to form the new self-generating power supply device.
  • the power generating body when the power generating body is subjected to force (including contact, collision, flapping, knocking, stepping, squeezing, friction, etc.), it can generate electromagnetic field energy, and at the same time, the energy collector or the electrical appliance that can be used as the energy collector
  • the electromagnetic field energy can be collected by contacting the generating body or not in contact with the generating body, and converted into electrical energy, and the electrical energy can be exported for use by electrical appliances in a wired or wireless manner.
  • the power generator 3 when the human hand 6 taps the power generator 3, the power generator will generate an electromagnetic field when it is subjected to force (including contact, collision, flapping, knocking, stepping, squeezing, friction, etc.).
  • the energy harvesting body or the electrical appliance directly used as the energy harvesting body collects electromagnetic field energy in a wired or wireless manner by contacting the generating body or not contacting the generating body, and then converting it into electric energy to realize self-generation and power supply.
  • a coil formed by a wire 8 covered with an insulating layer is fixed on the generator 3, and the coil is connected with the large LED lamp 7 to form a loop. , Tapping, etc.), the LED light can be lit (as shown in Figure 3). At this time, the coil is used as an energy collector, and the large LED lamp is used as an electrical appliance.
  • the thin plate 10 that can generate electromagnetic field energy under the action of force (such as contact, collision, flapping, knocking, stepping, squeezing, friction, etc.) is fixed on the bottom of the notebook computer 9.
  • the role of the laptop can be realized to charge.
  • the thin plate at the bottom of the computer acts as a generator, and the laptop directly acts as an energy collector to collect electromagnetic field energy for its own use.
  • the small LED lamp 11 connected in series when placed on the power generating body 3, when a person exerts physical force for power generation (including contact, collision, flapping, knocking, stepping, squeezing, friction, etc.), the small LED lights can be lit. At this time, the LED lamp acts as both an energy collector and an electrical appliance.
  • the metal coil 13 is fixed on the active body, and the mobile phone 12 capable of wireless charging is connected to the two ends of the metal coil 13 to form a loop.
  • the mobile phone can be charged by applying physical force to the person.
  • the metal coil is used as an energy collector, the mobile phone is used as an electrical appliance, and the electrical energy is derived through a wired method.
  • the material that can generate electromagnetic fields under the action of force is made into a mobile phone shell that can be charged wirelessly, and the mobile phone 12 that can be charged wirelessly can be charged by tapping, tapping or rubbing the phone shell with your hand. .
  • the mobile phone shell is used as a generator, and the mobile phone 12 that can be charged wirelessly directly functions as an energy collector to collect electromagnetic field energy for its own use.
  • the power generators are distributed in an island-shaped array on the back of the mobile phone shell that can be charged wirelessly.
  • Each small power generating body generates electromagnetic field energy, and the mobile phone 12 that can be charged wirelessly can be charged.
  • the mobile phone directly acts as an energy collector, collecting electromagnetic field energy for its own use.
  • this method can be used to make the generators distributed in an island shape and improve the efficiency of electromagnetic field energy collection and conversion.
  • a thin plate or film 16 of a certain material is fixed on the bottom of the dial of the smart watch 15, and the smart watch can be charged by rubbing or tapping the thin plate or film 16 with a human hand 6 to force it.
  • the thin plate or film acts as a generator, and the smart watch dial directly acts as an energy collector, collecting electromagnetic field energy and converting it into electrical energy for its own use.
  • the energy harvesting body 18 embedded with a power generating body is fixed on the electrical appliance, so that the energy harvesting body and the power generating body 17 embedded in the energy harvesting body are meshed and fixed together. Collect the electromagnetic field energy collectively and convert it into electrical energy for use by electrical appliances.
  • a flexible fabric woven from an energy harvesting body and a power generating body is fixed on the back of the tablet computer 19, and the power generating body 20 woven with the energy harvesting body in the cloth receives the force by the force of the cloth.
  • the energy collector 21 woven with the generator body in the cloth collects the electromagnetic field energy generated by the generator body, and can be used by the tablet computer in a wireless manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Abstract

一种自发电供电装置，属于新能源技术领域。该装置包括发电体（3）、能量收集体（1）和用电器（4），发电体（3）受到力的作用时产生电磁场（2），电磁场能量由能量收集体（1）接收后传至用电器（4），或者不单独设置能量收集体（1），直接由用电器（4）接收电磁场能量并加以利用。能量收集体（1）通过接触发电体（3）或不接触发电体（3）的形式收集电磁场能量并将其转化为电能，以有线或无线传输的方式将电能导出，实现装置的自发电供电。

Description

一种自发电供电装置 技术领域
本实用新型涉及新能源技术领域，特别是指一种自发电供电装置。
背景技术
随着科技的发展和人们生活水平的提高，可穿戴设备和小型移动通讯设备等的需求数量急剧增多，手机、电脑等成为人们日常生活的必需品。目前这类设备的主要能量来源是可充电电池，充电需要通过外加电源，但外加电源在野外或其它复杂条件下难以获得或使用，这就限制了这类设备的使用。并且，目前的电能的产生主要依靠化石燃料燃烧、水力发电等方式，能源转换效率低且对环境造成污染。因此，急需一种利用清洁、安全能源并可以为这些可穿戴设备和小型移动通讯设备进行实时充电的装置，扩展这类设备的适用范围，建立更加广阔的信息交流网络。
本实用新型能够克服传统设备的不足，通过有线或无线的方式直接将机械能转换成电能，实现无需外加电源，直接为小型用电器实时充电的目的。本实用新型不仅将促进可穿戴设备、小型移动通讯设备技术的大幅发展，还会对物联网和传感等领域产生不可估量的影响。
实用新型内容
本实用新型要解决的技术问题是提供一种自发电供电装置。
该装置包括发电体、能量收集体和用电器，发电体经作用力产生电磁场，电磁场能量由能量收集体收集后传输至用电器。
其中，电磁场能量也可以直接由用电器接收并加以利用，用电器通过接触发电体或不接触发电体，有线传输或无线传输方式收集电磁场能量。
作用力包括接触、碰撞、拍打、敲击、踩踏、挤压、摩擦等。
能量收集体通过与发电体接触或不接触，有线传输或无线传输方式收集发 电体受到力的作用时产生的电磁场能量并转换成电能供用电器利用。接触或不接触是指能量收集体与发电体之间的电磁场能量接收形式，有线或无线是指能量收集体与用电器之间的电能传到行驶，两者没有直接联系。能量收集体与发电体接触接收电磁场能量时，既可以通过有线方式向用电器传导电能，也可以通过无线方式向用电器传导电能；同理，能量收集体与发电体不接触接收电磁场能量时，既可以通过有线方式向用电器传导电能，也可以通过无线方式向用电器传导电能。
发电体由不少于一种的有机材料、无机材料或复合材料制成，发电体为一维、二维结构或三维结构。发电体为刚性或柔性结构。
能量收集体由不少于一种的有机材料、无机材料或复合材料制成，能量收集体为人造材料制成的物品或自然存在的物体。能量收集体为刚性或柔性结构。
该装置发电体、能量收集体和用电器的结合方式包括：简单叠放结构、啮合结构、融合一体式结构、镶嵌结构、岛状分布结构、阵列结构、随机分散结构等。
该装置的应用环境包括液体环境、气体环境、高温环境等复杂的环境。
本实用新型的上述技术方案的有益效果如下：
本实用新型能够克服传统设备的不足，通过有线或无线的方式直接将机械能转化为电能，实现无需外加电源，直接为小型用电器实时充电的目的。本实用新型不仅将促进可穿戴设备、小型移动通讯设备技术的大幅发展，还会对物联网和传感等领域产生不可估量的影响。实现能源的转换和高效利用，从而实现社会的健康发展。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型的自发电供电装置结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型实施例1的能量收集示意图；
图3为按实施例1操作点亮灯泡的实物图，其中，(c)和(d)为力的作用较小时的灯泡亮度，(e)和(f)为力的作用较大时的灯泡亮度，(g)为灯泡的实际排布图；
图4为本实用新型实施例2的能量收集示意图；
图5为本实用新型实施例3的能量收集示意图；
图6为本实用新型实施例4的能量收集示意图；
图7为本实用新型实施例5的能量收集示意图；
图8为本实用新型实施例6的能量收集示意图；
图9为本实用新型实施例7的能量收集示意图；
图10为本实用新型实施例8的能量收集示意图；
图11为本实用新型实施例9的能量收集示意图。
其中：1-能量收集体；2-电磁场；3-发电体；4-用电器；5-作用力；6-人手；7-大LED灯；8-包有绝缘层的导线；9-笔记本电脑；10-薄板；11-串联的小LED灯；12-可以无线充电的手机；13-金属线圈；14-手机外壳背面呈岛状分布的发电体；15-智能手表；16-薄膜；17-镶嵌在能量收集体中的发电体；18-镶嵌有发电体的能量收集体；19-平板电脑；20-与能量收集体编织在一起的发电体；21-与发电体编织在一起的能量收集体。
具体实施方式
为使本实用新型要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。
本实用新型提供一种自发电供电装置。
如图1所示，该装置包括发电体3、能量收集体1和用电器4，发电体3经作用力5产生电磁场2，电磁场能量由能量收集体1收集后传输至用电器4。
该装置也可以不包括能量收集体，由用电器同时进行能量的收集和电能的使用，此时可看作能量收集体作为用电器的组成部分(既作为用电器的功能结构又进行电磁场能量收集)，即仅包括发电体和用电器两部分。
该装置的结构不限于简单叠放的“三明治”结构，还可以是类似于齿轮的发电体和能量收集体啮合结构，可以是发电体和能量收集体融合成一体，可以是两者镶嵌在一起，可以是两个闭合曲面的套在一起，也可以是其它能够发电的结构。
发电体受到接触、碰撞、拍打、敲击、踩踏、挤压、摩擦等力的作用时， 能够产生电磁场能量，同时能量收集体或直接作为能量收集体的用电器能够通过与发电体接触或不接触，有线传输或无线传输的方式收集电磁场能量并产生电能输出，实现自发电供电。这对于可穿戴设备和小型移动通讯设备等的发展将产生重大影响，不仅在能源方面是一项重大突破，也解决了可穿戴设备(包括手机，电子表)等的可持续供电充电问题。
发电体可以由一种材料构建而成，也可以由两种或两种以上材料组合或复合构建而成。可以是柔性材料，可以是刚性材料；可以是导体，可以是半导体，可以是绝缘体，也可以是其它受到力的作用时容易产生电磁场的材料。
发电体可以是二维平板、薄膜、薄板，可以是三维立体，可以是曲面。凡是可以产生电磁场能量的物体都可以作为发电体，不受物体形状的限制。
发电体产生电磁场能量的多少与受力面积、受到的力的大小、施力物体、发电体量的多少等因素有关。发电体产生的电磁场有一定的范围和方向，具体方向和范围与作用力的方向、施力物体的材料、发电体的构建材料、作用力大小、作用力的作用位置等因素有关。
作用力的施力物体可以是生命体也可以是非生命体，施力物体可以由有机材料、无机材料、或有机无机复合材料构建而成。
发电体和能量收集体或可直接作为能量收集体的用电器的大小可以一致，也可以不一致，比如发电体可以是岛状阵列分布在能量收集体或直接作为能量收集体的用电器上，也可以与其相同形状大小恰好贴合。这不仅可以拓宽该自发电供电设备的使用条件，还可以提高电磁场能量的有效接收面积。
发电体和能量收集体可以在多种复杂的环境中使用，包括日常的大气环境，不同的气体环境，不同的液体环境，甚至真空环境。这一点克服了传统电源“娇气”的弱点，比如有些电源遇到潮湿环境就会失灵，化学电源在高温环境中会发生不利的化学反应等。
发电体和能量收集体不需要使用昂贵的仪器进行精密制造，本新型自发电供电装置结构简单、制造方便、价格低廉，且该自发电供电装置的能源来源可再生。
能量收集体可以放在发电体的上方或下方，可以放在能够收集到电磁场能 量范围内的任何位置。能量收集体可以通过接触发电体或不接触发电体收集能量，以有线或无线的方式供用电器用电。同理，对于用电器直接作为能量收集体的情况，用电器可以放在能够收集到电磁场能量的范围内的任意位置。用电器可以接触发电体或不接触发电体，以有线或无线的方式收集能量，供自身使用。
能量收集体的构建材料可以是导体，可以是半导体，可以是包有绝缘层的导线；可以是一种材料，可以是两种及以上材料；可以是有机材料，可以是无机材料，可以是复合材料；可以是刚性的，也可以是柔性的。不同材料不同类型的能量收集体能量的收集能力会有一定差别。
能量收集体不受形状等限制，但不同形状可能会影响收集效率。能量收集体的能量收集效率与收集体的材料、量的多少、能量收集体距发电体的距离、有效接收面积等因素有关。
能量收集体或可直接作为能量收集体的用电器与所述发电体可以是相对运动的，也可以是相对静止的。用特制材料做成桌面，可充电的鼠标在桌面上滑动使用时可以进行自我充电，此时桌面作为发电体，可充电鼠标直接作为能量收集体，两者是相对运动的；用特定材料做成手机的外壳，用手摩擦或轻敲手机外壳，可以实现给手机充电，此时手机外壳作为发电体，手机直接作为能量收集体，两者是相对静止的。
用电器可以是日常生活中的用电器，比如灯泡、电子表、手机等。可以直接作为能量收集体的用电器是指具有能量收集体的某些结构和材料，可以直接收集发电体产生的电磁场能量，比如LED灯、可以无线充电的手机等。凡是可以直接进行能量收集的用电器和可以与能量收集体相连接消耗电能的用电器均可以与发电体及能量收集体组装成该新型自发电供电装置。
该装置中，当发电体受到力的作用(包括接触、碰撞、拍打、敲击、踩踏、挤压、摩擦等)时，能够产生电磁场能量，同时能量收集体或可以作为能量收集体的用电器可以通过接触发电体或不接触发电体的形式收集电磁场能量，并转换成电能，通过有线或无线的方式导出电能供用电器使用。
如图1所示，当人手6拍打发电体3时，发电体受到力的作用(包括接触、 碰撞、拍打、敲击、踩踏、挤压、摩擦等)时会产生电磁场。能量收集体或直接作为能量收集体的用电器通过接触发电体或不接触发电体，有线或无线的形式收集电磁场能量，然后转换为电能，实现自发电供电。
下面结合具体实施例予以说明。
实施例1
如图2所示，将由包有绝缘层的导线8形成的线圈，固定在发电体3上，线圈与大LED灯7相连，形成回路，人手6给发电体力的作用(如接触、拍打、摩擦、敲击等)，LED灯可以被点亮(如图3)。此时，线圈作为能量收集体，大LED灯作为用电器。
实施例2
如图4所示，将受到力的作用(如接触、碰撞、拍打、敲击、踩踏、挤压、摩擦等等)能够产生电磁场能量的薄板10固定在笔记本电脑9的底部，人给薄板力的作用，可以实现笔记本电脑的充电。此时，电脑底部的薄板作为发电体，笔记本电脑直接作为能量收集体，收集电磁场能量并供自身使用。
实施例3
如图5所示，将串联的小LED灯11整体放在发电体3上，人给发电体力的作用(包括接触、碰撞、拍打、敲击、踩踏、挤压、摩擦等等)时，小LED灯可以被点亮。此时，LED灯既作为能量收集体又作为用电器。
实施例4
如图6所示，将金属线圈13固定在作用体上，将可以无线充电的手机12与金属线圈13两端相连构成回路，人给作用体力的作用，手机可以被充电。此时，金属线圈作为能量收集体，手机作为用电器，电能通过有线方式导出。
实施例5
如图7所示，将受到力的作用能够产生电磁场的材料做成可以无线充电的手机外壳，用手拍打、敲击或摩擦手机外壳给其力的作用，可以无线充电的手机12可以被充电。此时，手机外壳作为发电体，可以无线充电的手机12直接作为能量收集体，收集电磁场能量并供自身使用。
实施例6
如图8所示，发电体呈岛状阵列分布在可以无线充电的手机外壳背面，用手拍打、敲击或者摩擦手机外壳背面呈岛状分布的发电体14，给发电体力的作用时，每个小发电体都会产生电磁场能量，可以无线充电的手机12可以被充电。此时手机直接作为能量收集体，收集电磁场能量供自身使用。与不规则或复杂形状的能量收集体或直接作为能量收集体的用电器组合使用时，可以使用这种方法，使发电体呈岛状分布，提高电磁场能量的收集与转换效率。
实施例7
如图9所示，在智能手表15表盘的底部固定某种材料的薄板或薄膜16，用人手6摩擦或敲打薄板或薄膜给其力的作用，智能手表可以被充电。此时，薄板或薄膜作为发电体，智能手表表盘直接作为能量收集体，收集电磁场能量并转换成电能供自身使用。
实施例8
如图10所示，在用电器上固定镶嵌有发电体的能量收集体18，使能量收集体与镶嵌在能量收集体中的发电体17啮合固定在一起，人给发电体力的作用，能量收集体收集电磁场能量转化成电能，供用电器使用。
实施例9
如图11所示，在平板电脑19背部固定一个由能量收集体和发电体编织而成的柔性布料，用手给布料力的作用，布料中与能量收集体编织在一起的发电体20受力，同时布料中的与发电体编织在一起的能量收集体21将发电体产生的电磁场能量收集起来，通过无线的方式供平板电脑使用。
以上所述是本实用新型的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型所述原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种自发电供电装置，其特征在于：包括发电体(3)、能量收集体(1)和用电器(4)，发电体(3)受到力的作用时产生电磁场，电磁场能量由能量收集体(1)通过与发电体(3)接触或不接触收集电磁场能量并转换成电能；电能由能量收集体通过有线或无线的方式传输至用电器(4)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自发电供电装置，其特征在于：所述电磁场能量直接由用电器(4)与发电体(3)接触或不接触、有线传输或无线传输方式收集产生的电磁场能量并供自身利用。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的自发电供电装置，其特征在于：所述作用力包括接触、碰撞、拍打、敲击、踩踏、挤压、摩擦。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的自发电供电装置，其特征在于：所述能量收集体(1)通过与发电体接触或不接触收集电磁场能量，通过有线传输或无线传输方式将电能传输至用电器。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的自发电供电装置，其特征在于：所述发电体(3)由不少于一种的有机材料、无机材料或复合材料制成，发电体(3)为一维、二维或三维结构，发电体(3)为刚性或柔性结构。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的自发电供电装置，其特征在于：所述能量收集体(1)由不少于一种的有机材料、无机材料或复合材料制成，能量收集体(1)为人造材料制成的物品或自然存在的物体；能量收集体(1)为一维、二维或三维结构，能量收集体(1)为刚性或柔性结构。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的自发电供电装置，其特征在于：该装置发电体(3)、能量收集体(1)和用电器(4)的结合方式包括：简单叠放结构、啮合结构、融合一体式结构、镶嵌结构、岛状分布结构、阵列结构、随机分散结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的自发电供电装置，其特征在于：该装置的应用环境包括液体环境、气体环境、高温环境。
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