WO2021102829A1 - 钻孔护壁组件、钻孔护壁装置及钻孔护壁方法 - Google Patents

钻孔护壁组件、钻孔护壁装置及钻孔护壁方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021102829A1
WO2021102829A1 PCT/CN2019/121686 CN2019121686W WO2021102829A1 WO 2021102829 A1 WO2021102829 A1 WO 2021102829A1 CN 2019121686 W CN2019121686 W CN 2019121686W WO 2021102829 A1 WO2021102829 A1 WO 2021102829A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wall
sleeve
drilling
wall protection
protecting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/121686
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢和平
高明忠
张国庆
陈领
朱建波
李存宝
Original Assignee
深圳大学
四川大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳大学, 四川大学 filed Critical 深圳大学
Priority to PCT/CN2019/121686 priority Critical patent/WO2021102829A1/zh
Publication of WO2021102829A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021102829A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B12/00—Accessories for drilling tools
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of drilling technology, and in particular to a drilling wall protection component, a drilling wall protection device and a drilling wall protection method.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a drilling wall protection component, a drilling wall protection device and a drilling wall protection method, which are used to maintain the stability of the hole wall during the drilling process, and prevent the drilling from shrinking, breaking, falling blocks, Undesirable changes such as collapse.
  • the drilling wall protection component described in this application is used in conjunction with a drilling tool, and includes N wall protection sleeves and N-1 limit pieces, where N is a natural number greater than 1, and the inner diameter of the N-1th wall protection sleeve is equal to or Larger than the outer diameter of the N-th wall-protecting sleeve, the N-1th wall-protecting sleeve includes a first end and a second end that are arranged oppositely;
  • the N-1th limiting member is used to limit the N-1th protective sleeve along the first end Move in the direction of the second end.
  • the N-1th limiting member includes a limiting portion, and the limiting portion is arranged on the inner surface of the N-1th protective wall sleeve or the outer surface of the Nth protective wall sleeve .
  • the N-1th limiting member includes two limiting portions, and the two limiting portions are respectively provided on the inner surface of the N-1th protective sleeve and the Nth protective sleeve The outer surface of the tube.
  • the limiting portion is an elastic limiting portion.
  • the length of the Nth wall protecting sleeve is greater than the length of the N-1th wall protecting sleeve.
  • each wall protecting sleeve is provided with an external thread.
  • each of the wall protecting sleeves is provided with a lubricating layer.
  • the drilling wall protection assembly further includes a sleeve holder, the sleeve holder includes a mounting surface, and a receiving groove is opened on the mounting surface, and the receiving groove is used for receiving N of the wall protection sleeves.
  • the mounting surface is further provided with a through hole penetrating the sleeve holder, and the inner diameter of the through hole is equal to or greater than the outer diameter of any one of the wall protection sleeves.
  • the drilling wall protection device of the present application includes a drilling tool and the above-mentioned drilling wall protection component.
  • the drilling tool is used for drilling holes, the drilling tool includes a drill rod and a drill bit, and the drilling wall protection component is used to protect the A hole drilled by a drill tool.
  • a manipulator is also included, and the manipulator is used to put the Nth wall-protecting sleeve into the N-1th wall-protecting sleeve.
  • it also includes a fixing member for relatively fixing the drill rod and one of the protective wall sleeves.
  • a rope is also included, and the rope is used to take the drill tool out of the wall protecting sleeve.
  • the method for drilling a wall protection described in this application uses the above-mentioned drilling wall protection device, and its steps include:
  • the drilling tool is taken out of the wall-protecting sleeve, and the N-th wall-protecting sleeve is placed in the N-th borehole.
  • a fixing member is used to fix the drill rod and the N-1th wall-protecting sleeve.
  • the wall-protecting sleeve is put into the drilled hole by a manipulator.
  • the drilling tool in the process of passing the drilling tool through the protective wall sleeve and taking it out of the protective wall sleeve, the drilling tool is passed through the protective wall sleeve and removed from the protective wall sleeve with a rope. take out.
  • the use of the drilling wall protection component of the present application can effectively maintain the stability of the hole wall during the drilling process, so that the drilling will not undergo undesirable changes such as diameter reduction, crushing, block dropping, and collapse, and the smooth progress of the drilling process is ensured.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a borehole wall protection component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a wall protection sleeve in the borehole wall protection assembly shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a combined structure of a borehole wall protection component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the borehole wall protection assembly shown in Fig. 3 in another embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the borehole wall protection assembly shown in Fig. 3 in a third embodiment.
  • Fig. 6 is a top view of a mounting surface of a sleeve holder in a borehole wall protection assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another drilling wall protection component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a third drilling wall protection component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling wall protection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a method for drilling a wall to protect a wall provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling wall protection assembly 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the wall protection sleeve 10 in the borehole wall protection assembly 100 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the drilling wall protection component 100 shown in the embodiment of the present application is used in conjunction with a drilling tool during a drilling process, wherein the drilling process includes, but is not limited to, ground drilling, wall drilling, deep sea drilling or moon base surface Drilling process such as drilling.
  • the borehole wall protection assembly 100 includes N wall protection sleeves 10 and N-1 limit members 20, where N is a natural number greater than 1.
  • the inner diameter of the N-1th protective sleeve 10 is equal to or greater than the outer diameter of the Nth protective sleeve 10.
  • the N-1th wall-protecting sleeve 10 includes a first end 101 and a second end 102 opposite to each other.
  • the N-1th limiting member 20 is used to limit the Nth protective sleeve 10 to the second end along the first end 101. Move in the direction of end 102. Wherein, during the use of the borehole wall protection assembly 100, the first end 101 faces the ground surface, and the second end 102 faces the ground.
  • the use of the drilling wall protection assembly 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application can effectively maintain the stability of the hole wall during the drilling process, so that the drilling will not undergo undesirable changes such as diameter reduction, crushing, block loss, collapse, etc., and ensure the drilling process Go smoothly.
  • N 3
  • N can be any natural number greater than 1.
  • the content of the example will not be repeated here.
  • the drilling wall protection assembly 100 includes three wall protection sleeves 10 and two limiting members 20.
  • each wall-protecting sleeve 10 has a cylindrical structure.
  • the outer surface of the protective sleeve 10 is provided with an external thread 30.
  • the protecting sleeve 10 In the process of drilling and protecting the wall, due to the existence of the external thread 30 on the outer surface of the protecting sleeve 10, the protecting sleeve 10 is more easily inserted into the drilled hole by screwing, and the protecting sleeve 10 is fixed in After the corresponding hole is drilled, due to the presence of the external thread 30, the friction between the outer surface of the wall sleeve 10 and the drill hole is increased, so that the wall sleeve 10 will not be separated from the drill hole or removed from the hole due to vibration or other reasons. Displacement occurs outwards in the borehole, resulting in process defects. Further, a lubricating layer 40 is provided on the inner surface of the protective sleeve 10.
  • N wall-protecting sleeves 10 When N wall-protecting sleeves 10 are sleeved together, due to the presence of the lubricating layer 40, the friction between the two wall-protecting sleeves 10 is reduced, and it is easier to be sleeved together, that is, the N-th wall-protecting sleeve 10 It is easier to be sleeved on the N-1th protective sleeve 10.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of a drilling wall protection assembly 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the three wall protection sleeves 10 are the first wall protection sleeve 11, the second wall protection sleeve 12 and the third wall protection sleeve 13 respectively.
  • the inner diameter of the first protective wall sleeve 11 is equal to the outer diameter of the second wall protective sleeve 12, and the inner diameter of the second wall protective sleeve 12 is equal to the outer diameter of the third wall protective sleeve 13. That is, the first wall protection sleeve 11 can be sleeved on the second wall protection sleeve 12, and the inner surface of the first wall protection sleeve 11 and the outer surface of the second wall protection sleeve 12 are in contact with each other.
  • the second wall-protecting sleeve 12 can fit on the third wall-protecting sleeve 13, and the inner surface of the second wall-protecting sleeve 12 and the outer surface of the third wall-protecting sleeve 13 are in contact with each other.
  • the first wall-protecting sleeve 11, the second wall-protecting sleeve 12, and the third wall-protecting sleeve 13 can be sleeved together from the outside to the inside, and the adjacent wall-protecting sleeves 10 are located inside.
  • the outer surface of the protective wall sleeve 10 is partially attached to the inner surface of the protective wall sleeve 10 located on the outside.
  • the two limiting members 20 are the first limiting member 21 and the second limiting member 22 respectively.
  • Each limiting member 20 includes a limiting portion, that is, the first limiting member 21 includes a first limiting portion 211, and the second limiting member 22 includes a second limiting portion 221.
  • the first limiting portion 211 is provided on the inner surface of the first wall protecting sleeve 11
  • the second limiting portion 221 is provided on the inner surface of the second wall protecting sleeve 12.
  • first limiting member 21 is used to limit the movement of the second protective wall sleeve 12 along the first end 101 to the second end 102
  • second limiting member 22 is used to define the third protective wall sleeve. 13 moves in the direction from the first end 101 to the second end 102.
  • first wall-protecting sleeve 11 has been installed under the ground
  • the second wall-protecting sleeve 12 is lowered from the inside of the first wall-protecting sleeve 11 along the direction from the first end 101 to the second end 102.
  • the second wall-protecting sleeve 12 When the first limiting member 21 is in a passable state, the second wall-protecting sleeve 12 can be smoothly placed in the second borehole, and when the second wall-protecting sleeve 12 is attached to the second borehole, The first limiting member 21 is in an impassable state along the second end 102 to the first end direction 101. At this time, the first limiting member 21 restricts the second wall sleeve 12 from being able to move from the second end 102 to the first end 101. Move in direction.
  • the action mechanism of the second limiting member 22 is substantially the same as that of the first limiting member 21, and will not be repeated here.
  • stopper 20 prevents the wall-protecting sleeve 10 located on the inner side from being separated from the wall-protecting sleeve 10 located on the outer side due to vibration or other reasons, resulting in process defects, and the bottom of the wall-protecting sleeve 10 will always match the corresponding drilled hole. The bottom fits and will not adversely affect the drilling process.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the drilling wall protection assembly 100 shown in FIG. 3 in another embodiment.
  • the difference between the drilling wall protection assembly 100 shown in this embodiment and the drilling wall protection assembly 100 shown in the foregoing embodiment is that the limiting portion is provided on the outer surface of the wall protecting sleeve 10, that is, the first limiting portion 211 is provided on the second On the outer surface of the two protective wall sleeves 12, the second limiting portion 221 is provided on the outer surface of the third wall protective sleeve 13.
  • the presence of the stopper 20 restricts the movement of the protective wall sleeve 10 and makes the connection between the protective wall sleeves 10 more stable.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the borehole wall protection assembly 100 shown in Fig. 3 in a third embodiment.
  • each limiting member 20 includes two limiting portions.
  • the first limiting member 21 includes a first limiting portion 211 and a third limiting portion 212.
  • the first limiting portion 211 is provided on the inner surface of the first wall sleeve 11, and the third limiting portion 212 is provided.
  • the second limiting member 22 includes a second limiting portion 221 and a fourth limiting portion 222.
  • the second limiting portion 221 is provided on the inner surface of the second wall protecting sleeve 12, and the fourth limiting portion is provided on the third limiting portion.
  • Each limiting member 20 has two limiting portions, so that the inner and outer surfaces of each protective wall sleeve 10 are provided with a limiting portion, and the two limiting portions simultaneously limit each wall protective sleeve 10 to the adjacent protective wall.
  • the connection between the sleeves 20 is more stable.
  • the limiting member 20 may be a buckle limiting member 20, a bolt limiting member 20, a spring limiting member 20 or other types of limiting members 20.
  • the limiting member 20 is made of elastic material
  • the structure of the limiting member 20 is an annular three-dimensional structure with a triangular cross section.
  • the drilling wall protection assembly 100 since multiple drilling protection walls can be sleeved together, and there is a limit member 20 that limits the wall protection sleeve 10 to move only in a specified direction.
  • the sleeve 10 When the sleeve 10 is assembled together, its assembly structure is more stable.
  • the device assembled by the drilling wall protection assembly 100 provided in this embodiment is used for drilling the wall, it can better maintain the stability of the drilling hole wall It is easy to prevent the occurrence of drilling diameter reduction, crushing, block dropping, collapse and so on.
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of the mounting surface 51 of the sleeve holder 50 in the drilling wall protection assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the borehole wall protection sleeve 100 further includes a sleeve holder 50.
  • the wall sleeve is fixed by a sleeve holder 50.
  • the sleeve holder 50 includes a mounting surface 51.
  • a plurality of regularly arranged receiving slots 52 are opened on the mounting surface 51.
  • the receiving slots 52 are used to place the wall sleeve. It is understandable Yes, each receiving slot 52 can be equipped with multiple protective wall sleeves according to the situation. At the same time, the size of each receiving slot 52 can also be different from each other, and each receiving slot 52 is used to place a corresponding protective wall sleeve, namely The size of each receiving groove 52 matches the size of the corresponding wall sleeve.
  • the function of the sleeve holder 50 is to be able to vertically fix the wall sleeve in various complex environments to make it convenient to take and place.
  • each accommodating slot 52 When only one corresponding wall sleeve is placed in each accommodating slot 52, it can also be accommodated
  • the regular arrangement of the grooves 52 quickly locates the position of the wall protection sleeves 10 with different inner diameters.
  • the middle position of the mounting surface 51 that is, in the middle of the plurality of regularly arranged receiving grooves 52, there is also a through hole 53 penetrating the mounting surface 51, and the radius of the through hole 53 is larger than the radius of the drilled hole.
  • the wall-protecting sleeve can pass through the through hole 53 and then be put into the corresponding drilled hole.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another drilling wall protection assembly 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first ends of the three wall protection sleeves 10 are on the same horizontal plane, and the second end of the wall protection sleeve 10 located inside is from the first end of the wall protection sleeve 10 located outside.
  • the two ends extend out, that is, the second end of the second protective sleeve 12 will protrude from the second end of the first protective sleeve 11, and the second end of the third protective sleeve 13 will extend from the second protective wall.
  • the second end of the sleeve 12 protrudes.
  • the first wall protection sleeve 11 protects the first hole; the second wall protection sleeve 12 is located in the first wall protection The upper part of the sleeve 11 protects the first hole at the same time, and the lower part of the second wall sleeve 12 protruding from the second end of the first wall sleeve 11 protects the second hole.
  • the third wall sleeve 13 is located in the upper part of the first wall sleeve 11 while protecting the first hole, the third wall sleeve 13 is located in the middle part of the second wall sleeve 12 At the same time, the second borehole is protected, and the lower half of the third wall-protecting sleeve 13 extending from the second end of the second wall-protecting sleeve 12 protects the third borehole.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a third type of drilling wall protection assembly 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • N 3
  • the inner diameter of the first wall-protecting sleeve 11 is larger than the outer diameter of the second wall-protecting sleeve 12
  • the inner diameter of the second wall-protecting sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the third wall-protecting sleeve 13.
  • the wall protection sleeves 10 When using the device composed of the drilling wall protection assembly 100 provided in this embodiment to perform drilling and wall protection, it is only necessary to match the size of the drill hole with the size of the corresponding wall protection sleeve 10, and then the wall protection sleeves 10 are sleeved together.
  • the gap between the wall protection sleeves 10 will not have adverse effects. Due to the existence of the wall protection sleeve 10, it can also achieve a good wall protection effect, and there is a certain gap between adjacent wall protection sleeves 10, which means that during the socketing process In this case, there is no friction between adjacent wall-protecting sleeves 10, which is more conducive to the socketing process.
  • the shape and size of the first wall protection sleeve 11 in the drilling wall protection assembly 100 provided in this embodiment is the same as the shape and size of the first wall protection sleeve 11 in the drilling wall protection assembly 100 provided in the first embodiment
  • the second wall protection sleeve 12 and the third wall protection sleeve 13 in the drilling wall protection assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application are relative to the drilling wall protection assembly provided in the first embodiment.
  • the size is further reduced, thereby reducing the production cost.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling wall protection device 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the drilling technology involved in the embodiment of this application can be used in many fields such as the acquisition of core samples, underground instrument detection, and the acquisition of internal resources on the moon.
  • the embodiment of the application provides a drilling wall protection device 200, which can be used for drilling core samples. Obtaining samples.
  • the drilling wall protection device 200 provided in this embodiment includes the drilling wall protection assembly 100 provided in any of the above embodiments and a drill tool 60.
  • the drill tool 60 includes a drill rod 61 and a drill bit 62.
  • the drill bit 62 is also provided with a core device. While the drill bit 62 is used for drilling, the core device provided thereon collects the core, and the drill rod 61 is used to connect the drill bit 62.
  • the drilling wall protection device 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application is used for drilling wall protection
  • the drilling tool 60 is used for drilling operations, and the drilling wall protection assembly 100 is used to protect the hole drilled by the drilling tool 60 to maintain the stability of the hole wall.
  • the entire drilling wall protection device 200 can effectively complete the drilling wall protection process.
  • the drilling tool 60 in the drilling wall protection device 200 is used for drilling operations, drilling a plurality of drilling holes that are overlapped and distributed along the vertical downward direction of the surface, and the radius of the plurality of drilling holes is gradually reduced along the downward direction of the surface. small.
  • the plurality of wall protection sleeves 10 in the borehole wall protection assembly 100 are respectively put into a plurality of boreholes matching their sizes, and the plurality of limit members 20 in the borehole wall protection assembly 100 limit the gap between the plurality of wall protection sleeves 10 The connection is fixed, so that the structure between the plurality of wall protection sleeves 10 is more stable, and a better wall protection effect is achieved.
  • the drilling wall protection device 200 also includes a manipulator 70.
  • the manipulator 70 is used to pass the N-th wall-protecting sleeve 10 through the N-1th wall-protecting sleeve 10 and put it into the corresponding hole, that is, the second wall-protecting sleeve 12 Put the first wall-protecting sleeve 11 into the second hole, and put the third wall-protecting sleeve 13 into the third hole through the second wall-protecting sleeve 12.
  • the staff can use the manipulator 70 for remote control, so that no matter what kind of harsh environment, the necessary drilling wall protection technology can be completed without the operator's on-site operation, and the impact of the harsh environment can be effectively overcome.
  • the drilling wall protection device 200 further includes a fixing member 80 for fixing the drill rod 61 and a wall protection sleeve 10, and the fixing member 80 is a structure that can be manually manipulated to make it contract or expand. Specifically, when it is necessary to fix the drill rod 61 and a protective wall sleeve 10, the fixing member 80 located between the drill rod 61 and the wall protective sleeve 10 is expanded so that the fixing member 80 is connected to the drill rod 61 and the wall protective sleeve 10 respectively.
  • the inner surface contact increases the friction between the fixing member 80 and the drill rod 61 and the wall sleeve 10, and indirectly prevents relative movement between the drill rod 61 and the wall sleeve 10, that is, fixes the drill rod 61 and the wall sleeve ⁇ 10 ⁇ Tube 10.
  • the existence of the fixing member 80 prevents relative movement between the drill rod 61 and the wall-protecting sleeve 10 during the drilling process, and the vertical drilling is always performed, which improves the stability of the drilling.
  • the fixing member 80 only needs to be contracted to reduce the friction between the fixing member 80 and the drill rod 61 and the wall protecting sleeve 10, so that the drill rod 61 can be taken out.
  • the drilling wall protection device 200 further includes a rope 90 for taking the drilling tool 60 out of the wall protection sleeve 10.
  • the drilling tool 60 is used to drill the hole wall, and the drilling wall protection assembly 100 is used to maintain the stability of the drilled hole.
  • the drilling wall protection device 200 effectively completes the entire drilling wall protection process.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a method for drilling a wall to protect a wall provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method of drilling wall protection shown in the embodiment of this application uses the drilling wall protection device shown in the embodiment of this application, and its steps include:
  • the drill tool 60 passes through the N-1th wall-protecting sleeve 10 to drill a hole to form the Nth hole;
  • the combined structure of multiple wall protection sleeves is used to circulate the wall protection, which can effectively maintain the stability of the hole wall during the drilling process and prevent the drilling from shrinking. Unfavorable changes such as diameter, crushing, block dropping, and collapse ensure the smooth progress of the drilling process.
  • the drilling wall protection method includes:
  • Step S1 excavate the target area to form the first borehole whose size and depth match the first wall sleeve 11.
  • step S2 the first wall sleeve 11 is placed in the first borehole. Specifically, the outer surface of the first wall-protecting sleeve 11 is attached to the inner wall of the first borehole, and the bottom of the first wall-protecting sleeve 11 is on the same level as the bottom of the first borehole. The top of each protective wall sleeve 11 is on the same level as the ground surface.
  • Step S3 drill the drill tool 60 through the first wall-protecting sleeve 11 to drill the space below the area enclosed by the first wall-protecting sleeve 11 to form the size, length, and second wall-protecting sleeve 12 Match the second drill hole.
  • step S4 the drill tool 60 is taken out of the first wall-protecting sleeve 11, and the second wall-protecting sleeve 12 is placed in the second borehole.
  • the outer surface of the second wall-protecting sleeve 12 fits the inner wall of the second borehole
  • the bottom of the second wall-protecting sleeve 12 and the bottom of the second borehole are on the same level
  • the second The top of the protective wall sleeve 12 and the top of the second drill hole are on the same level.
  • Step S5 drill the drill tool 60 through the second wall-protecting sleeve 12 to drill the space below the area enclosed by the second wall-protecting sleeve 12 to form the size, length, and third wall-protecting sleeve 13 Match the third hole.
  • step S6 the drill tool 60 is taken out of the second wall-protecting sleeve 12, and the third wall-protecting sleeve 13 is placed in the third hole.
  • the outer surface of the third wall-protecting sleeve 13 is fitted to the inner wall of the third borehole, the bottom of the third wall-protecting sleeve 13 and the bottom of the third borehole are at the same level, and the third The top of each protective sleeve 13 and the top of the third drill hole are on the same level.
  • N can be any natural number greater than 1.
  • you can refer to the content of the embodiment of N 3, and repeat the drilling-sleeve process in the same way until the drilled When the drilling reaches the required depth, the drilling process can be stopped, and no further details will be given here.
  • the fixing member 80 may be used to fix the drill rod 61 to the inner surface of the first wall sleeve 11, so that the drilling tool 60 can be drilled during the drilling process.
  • the upper part of the rod 61 remains stable to achieve vertical drilling, so that the shape of the drilled hole is more regular and the structure is more stable.
  • the fixing member 80 can also be used to fix the drill rod 61 and the inner surface of the second wall sleeve 12 to achieve the purpose of vertical drilling.
  • the manipulator 70 can be used to take, move, and place the wall protection sleeve 10.
  • the first thing to do is to overcome the technical obstacles and remove the personnel.
  • To send it to the lunar surface it also needs to overcome special environmental conditions such as ultra-high vacuum, microgravity, extreme temperature difference, and high cosmic radiation on the lunar surface; while drilling deep seas, it needs to overcome the huge pressure on the seafloor.
  • steps S3, S4, S5, and S6 in the process of passing the drill tool 60 through the wall protecting sleeve 10 and taking it out of the wall protecting sleeve 10, the drill tool 60 can be pulled with a rope 90, Move and place, making operation more convenient.
  • the drilling wall protection method provided in this embodiment When using the drilling wall protection method provided in this embodiment to drill the wall, first put the outer wall protection sleeve 10 into the excavated hole of the size and length, and then the outer wall protection sleeve 10 Drill holes in the lower space in the enclosed area to form a hole with a size and length that matches the adjacent inner wall sleeve 10, so that the adjacent inner wall sleeve 10 is placed in the hole while passing the limit
  • the position piece 20 firmly connects the adjacent wall-protecting sleeves 10 together, and repeats the drilling-sleeve placement process in the same way, until the drilled hole reaches the required depth, the drilling process can be stopped .
  • the above-mentioned operation is simple and feasible, and the cyclic drilling-sleeve placement process can achieve deeper drilling requirements.
  • the existence of multiple wall-protecting sleeves 10 can effectively achieve the function of drilling and wall-protecting.

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Abstract

一种钻孔护壁组件(100)及包括其的钻孔护壁装置(200)及钻孔护壁方法，钻孔护壁组件(100)用以与钻具(60)配合使用。钻孔护壁组件(100)包括N个护壁套筒(10)和N-1个限位件(20)，N为大于1的自然数，第N-1个护壁套筒(10)的内径等于或大于第N个护壁套筒(10)的外径，第N-1个护壁套筒(10)包括相对设置的第一端(101)和第二端(102)；第N-1个护壁套筒(10)套接于第N个护壁套筒(10)上时，第N-1个限位件(20)用以限定第N个护壁套筒(10)在沿第一端(101)向第二端(102)的方向上移动。使用钻孔护壁组件(100)能够有效维持钻孔过程中孔壁的稳定性，使钻孔不会发生缩径、破碎、掉块、坍塌等不良变化，保证了钻孔过程的顺利进行。

Description

钻孔护壁组件、钻孔护壁装置及钻孔护壁方法 技术领域
本申请涉及钻孔技术领域，特别涉及一种钻孔护壁组件、钻孔护壁装置及钻孔护壁方法。
背景技术
随着科技的发展，土壤钻孔技术被应用于多个技术领域方向，在许多技术领域中，对于土壤钻孔深度有一定的要求，如在对岩芯样品的获取技术中，以及在地下仪器探测技术中，都需要先在土壤中钻取较深的钻孔，然而，由于现有土壤钻孔技术的不足，当在土壤中钻取较深的钻孔时，钻孔容易发生缩径、破碎、掉块、坍塌等不良变化，导致进一步的操作无法顺利进行。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种钻孔护壁组件、钻孔护壁装置及钻孔护壁方法，用于在钻孔过程中，维持孔壁的稳定性，防止钻孔发生缩径、破碎、掉块、坍塌等不良变化。
本申请所述钻孔护壁组件用以与钻具配合使用，包括N个护壁套筒和N-1个限位件，N为大于1的自然数，第N-1个护壁套筒的内径等于或大于第N个护壁套筒的外径，所述第N-1个护壁套筒包括相对设置的第一端和第二端；
所述第N-1个护壁套筒套接于所述第N个护壁套筒上时，第N-1个限位件用以限定所述第N个护壁套筒在沿所述第一端向所述第二端的方向上移动。
其中，所述第N-1个限位件包括一个限位部，所述限位部设置在所述第N-1个护壁套筒的内表面或所述第N个护壁套筒的外表面。
其中，所述第N-1个限位件包括两个限位部，两个所述限位部分别设置在所述第N-1个护壁套筒的内表面和所述第N个护壁套筒的外表面。
其中，所述限位部为弹性限位部。
其中，所述第N个护壁套筒的长度大于所述第N-1个护壁套筒的长度。
其中，每一所述护壁套筒的外表面设有外螺纹。
其中，每一所述护壁套筒的外表面设有润滑层。
其中，所述钻孔护壁组件还包括套筒架，所述套筒架包括安装面，所述安装面上开设有收容槽，所述收容槽用以收容N个所述护壁套筒。
其中，所述安装面上还设有贯穿所述套筒架的通孔，所述通孔的内径等于或大于任一所述护壁套筒的外径。
本申请所述钻孔护壁装置，包括钻具和上述的钻孔护壁组件，所述钻具用以钻孔，所述钻具包括钻杆与钻头，所述钻孔护壁组件用以保护所述钻具钻出的钻孔。
其中，还包括机械手，所述机械手用以将所述第N个护壁套筒放入所述第N-1个护壁套筒内。
其中，还包括固定件，所述固定件用以将所述钻杆与一个所述护壁套筒相对固定。
其中，还包括绳索，所述绳索用以将所述钻具从护壁套筒中取出。
本申请所述钻孔护壁的方法，使用了上述钻孔护壁装置，其步骤包括：
形成第N-1个钻孔；
将所述第N-1个护壁套筒放入所述第N-1钻孔内；
钻具穿过所述第N-1个护壁套筒进行钻孔，形成第N个钻孔；
将所述钻具从所述护壁套筒中取出，将所述第N个护壁套筒放入所述第N个钻孔内。
其中，在钻具穿过所述第N-1个护壁套筒进行钻孔之前，利用固定件将所述钻杆与所述第N-1个护壁套筒固定。
其中，在将所述护壁套筒放入所述钻孔的过程中，用机械手将所述护壁套筒放入所述钻孔。
其中，在将所述钻具穿过所述护壁套筒及从所述护壁套筒中取出的过程中，用绳索将所述钻具穿过所述护壁套筒及从所述护壁套筒中取出。
使用本申请的钻孔护壁组件能够有效维持钻孔过程中孔壁的稳定性，使钻孔不会发生缩径、破碎、掉块、坍塌等不良变化，保证了钻孔过程的顺利进行。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种钻孔护壁组件的结构示意图。
图2是图1所示钻孔护壁组件中护壁套筒的剖面结构示意图。
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种钻孔护壁组件的组合结构示意图。
图4是图3所示钻孔护壁组件在另一种实施方式下的结构示意图。
图5是图3所示钻孔护壁组件在第三种实施方式下的结构示意图。
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种钻孔护壁组件中套筒架的安装面的俯视图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的另一种钻孔护壁组件的结构示意图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的第三种钻孔护壁组件的结构示意图。
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种钻孔护壁装置的结构示意图。
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种钻孔护壁的方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请一并请参阅图1和图2，图1是本申请实施例提供的一种钻孔护壁组件100的结构示意图。图2是图1所示钻孔护壁组件100中护壁套筒10的剖面结构示意图。
本申请实施例所示钻孔护壁组件100用于在钻孔过程中与钻具配合使用，其中，所述钻孔过程包括且不限于地面钻孔、墙壁钻孔、深海钻孔或月基表面钻孔等钻孔过程。
钻孔护壁组件100包括N个护壁套筒10和N-1个限位件20，N为大于1的自然数。第N-1个护壁套筒10的内径等于或大于第N个护壁套筒10的外径。第N-1个护壁套筒10包括相对设置的第一端101和第二端102。第N-1个护壁套筒10套接于第N个护壁套筒10上时，第N-1个限位件20用以限定第N个护壁套筒10在沿第一端101向第二端102的方向上移动。其中，在钻孔护壁组件100使用过程中，第一端101朝向地表面，第二端102朝向地底下。
使用本申请实施例提供的钻孔护壁组件100能够有效维持钻孔过程中孔壁的稳定性，使钻孔不会发生缩径、破碎、掉块、坍塌等不良变化，保证了钻孔过程的顺利进行。
本实施例提供的钻孔护壁组件100以N＝3为例进行详细的说明，可以理解的是，N可以为大于1的任意自然数，对于N为其他数值的情况，可以参考N＝3的实施例内容，在此不进行进一步的赘述。
当N＝3时，钻孔护壁组件100包括三个护壁套筒10和两个限位件20。本实施例中，每一护壁套筒10为圆筒状结构。具体的，护壁套筒10的外表面设有外螺纹30。在钻孔护壁过程中，由于护壁套筒10外表面的外螺纹30的存在，使得护壁套筒10更加容易以旋进的方式放入所挖的钻孔中，且在护壁套筒10固定在对应的钻孔中后，由于外螺纹30的存在，增加了护壁套筒10外表面与钻孔之间的摩擦力，使得护壁套筒10不会因为振动或其他原因从钻孔中脱离或从钻孔中向外发生位移从而导致工艺缺陷。进一步的，护壁套筒10的内表面设置有润滑层40。在N个护壁套筒10套接在一起时，由于润滑层40的存在，减小了两两护壁套筒10之间的摩擦力，更容易套接在一起，即第N个护壁套筒10更容易套接在第N-1个护壁套筒10上。
请一并参阅图3，图3是本申请实施例提供的一种钻孔护壁组件100的组合结构示意图。
三个护壁套筒10分别为第一护壁套筒11、第二护壁套筒12和第三护壁套筒13。第一个护壁套筒11的内径等于第二个护壁套筒12的外径，第二个护壁套筒12的内径等于第三个护壁套筒13的外径。即第一个护壁套筒11能恰好套接在第二个护壁套筒12上，且第一个护壁套筒11的内表面与第二个护壁套筒12的外表面相贴合。同时，第二个护壁套筒12能恰好套接在第三个护 壁套筒13上，且第二个护壁套筒12的内表面与第三个护壁套筒13的外表面相贴合。也就是说，第一个护壁套筒11、第二个护壁套筒12及第三个护壁套筒13能从外到内依次套接在一起，且相邻护壁套筒10之间，位于内部的护壁套筒10的外表面与位于外部的护壁套筒10的内表面部分贴合。
一种实施方式中，两个限位件20分别为第一限位件21和第二限位件22。每个限位件20包括一个限位部，即第一限位件21包括第一限位部211，第二限位件22包括第二限位部221。其中，第一限位部211设置在第一个护壁套筒11的内表面，第二限位部221设置在第二个护壁套筒12的内表面。
可以理解的是，第一限位件21用于限定第二个护壁套筒12沿第一端101向第二端102的方向上移动，第二限位件22用于限定第三护壁套筒13沿第一端101向第二端102的方向上移动。具体的，当第一个护壁套筒11已安装在地底下时，第二个护壁套筒12从第一个护壁套筒11里面沿第一端101向第二端102的方向放下去，此时第一限位件21为可通过状态，第二个护壁套筒12能顺利的放置在第二个钻孔中，而当第二个护壁套筒12与第二个钻孔贴合后，第一限位件21在沿第二端102向第一端方向101为不可通过状态，此时第一限位件21限定第二个护壁套筒12不能沿第二端102向第一端101方向移动。第二限位件22的作用机理与第一限位件21的作用机理大致相同，在此不再进行赘述。
限位件20的存在使得位于内侧的护壁套筒10不会因为振动或其他原因从位于外侧的护壁套筒10中脱离从而导致工艺缺陷，且护壁套筒10的底部会始终与对应钻孔的底部贴合，不会对钻孔过程造成不良影响。
参阅图4，图4是图3所示钻孔护壁组件100在另一种实施方式下的结构示意图。
本实施方式所示钻孔护壁组件100与上述实施方式所示钻孔护壁组件100的不同之处在于，限位部设置在护壁套筒10的外表面，即第一限位部211设置在第二个护壁套筒12的外表面，第二限位部221设置在第三个护壁套筒13的外表面。限位件20的存在限制了护壁套筒10的移动，使得护壁套筒10之间的连接更加稳定。
参阅图5，图5是图3所示钻孔护壁组件100在第三种实施方式下的结构 示意图。
本实施方式所示钻孔护壁组件100与上述两种实施方式所示钻孔护壁组件100的不同之处在于，每个限位件20包括两个限位部。具体的，第一限位件21包括第一限位部211和第三限位部212，第一限位部211设置在第一个护壁套筒11的内表面，第三限位部212设置在第二个护壁套筒12的外表面。第二限位件22包括第二限位部221和第四限位部222，第二限位部221设置在第二个护壁套筒12的内表面，第四个限位部设置在第三个护壁套筒13的外表面。每个限位件20都有两个限位部，使得每个护壁套筒10的内外表面均设置有限位部，两个限位部同时限定能够使每个护壁套筒10与相邻的护壁套筒20之间的连接更加稳定。
其中，限位件20可以为卡扣限位件20、螺栓限位件20、弹簧限位件20或其他类型的限位件20，在本实施例中，限位件20为弹性材料制成，限位件20的结构为横截面为三角形的环形立体结构。
本实施例提供的钻孔护壁组件100，由于其多个钻孔护壁之间能够相互套接在一起，且存在限位件20限定护壁套筒10只能向指定的方向移动，当多个护壁套筒10组装在一起时，其组装结构的稳定性更强，在使用本实施例提供的钻孔护壁组件100组装成的装置进行钻孔护壁时，能更好的维持钻孔的孔壁稳定性，使其不会发生钻孔缩径、破碎、掉块、坍塌等情况。
请参阅图6，图6是本申请实施例提供的一种钻孔护壁组件中套筒架50的安装面51的俯视图。
本实施例中，钻孔护壁套筒100还包括套筒架50。护壁套筒通过套筒架50进行固定，套筒架50包括安装面51，在安装面51上开设有多个规律排布的收容槽52，收容槽52用来放置护壁套筒，可以理解的是，每个收容槽52可以依据情况放置多个护壁套筒，同时，每个收容槽52的大小也可以互不相同，且每个收容槽52用来放置一个相对应的护壁套筒，即每个收容槽52的大小与其相对应的护壁套筒的大小相匹配。
套筒架50的作用在于能够在各种复杂环境下，垂直固定护壁套筒，使其方便拿取和放置，当每个收容槽52只放置一个相对应的护壁套筒时，还可以通过收容槽52的规律排布快速定位不同内径的护壁套筒10的位置。
需要说明的是，在安装面51的中间位置，即多个规律排布的收容槽52中间，还设置有贯通安装面51的通孔53，通孔53的半径大于所挖钻孔的半径，护壁套筒可以通过通孔53后放入对应的钻孔中。
参阅图7，图7是本申请实施例提供的另一种钻孔护壁组件100的结构示意图。
本申请实施例所示钻孔护壁组件100与上述实施例所示钻孔护壁组件100的不同之处在于，第N个护壁套筒10的长度大于第N-1个护壁套筒10的长度，同样以N＝3为例进行说明，即第一个护壁套筒11的长度大于第二个护壁套筒12的长度，第二个护壁套筒12的长度大于第三个护壁套筒13的长度。
将三个护壁套筒10套接在一起时，三个护壁套筒10的第一端在同一水平面上，而处于内部的护壁套筒10的第二端从处于外部的护壁套筒10的第二端延伸出来，即第二个护壁套筒12的第二端会从第一个护壁套筒11的第二端伸出来，第三个护壁套筒13的第二端会从第二个护壁套筒12的第二端伸出来。在使用本实施例提供的钻孔护壁组件100组装成的装置进行钻孔护壁时，第一个护壁套筒11对第一个钻孔进行护壁；第二个护壁套筒12位于第一个护壁套筒11内的上半部分同时对第一个钻孔进行护壁，第二个护壁套筒12从第一个护壁套筒11第二端伸出来的下半部分对第二个钻孔进行护壁；第三个护壁套筒13位于第一个护壁套筒11内的上半部分同时对第一个钻孔进行护壁，第三个护壁套筒13位于第二个护壁套筒12内的中间部分同时对第二个钻孔进行护壁，第三个护壁套筒13从第二个护壁套筒12第二端伸出来的下半部分对第三个钻孔进行护壁。由于上述结构，在钻孔护壁的过程中，存在多个护壁套筒10对同一钻孔进行共同护壁的情况，且沿第一个护壁套筒11的第二端至第一端方向，多个护壁套筒10的重叠层数逐渐增多，即越靠近钻孔口，护壁套筒10重叠的层数越多，增加了护壁装置的稳定性，对于维持钻孔的孔壁稳定性有更好的效果，更不容易发生钻孔缩径、破碎、掉块、坍塌等问题。
参阅图8，图8是本申请实施例提供的第三种钻孔护壁组件100的结构示意图。
本申请实施例所示钻孔护壁组件100与上述实施例所示钻孔护壁组件100的不同之处在于，第N-1个护壁套筒10的内径大于第N个护壁套筒10的外 径，同样以N＝3为例进行说明，即第一个护壁套筒11的内径大于第二个护壁套筒12的外径，第二个护壁筒的内径大于第三个护壁套筒13的外径，当护壁套筒10进行套接时，相邻护壁套筒10之间存在间隙。
在使用本实施例提供的钻孔护壁组件100组成的装置进行钻孔护壁时，只需使钻孔大小与相应的护壁套筒10的大小相匹配，则套接在一起的护壁套筒10之间的间隙就不会产生不良影响，由于护壁套筒10的存在，同样能起到良好的护壁效果，且相邻的护壁套筒10之间存在一定的间隙，也就是说明，在套接过程中，相邻护壁套筒10之间不存在摩擦力，更有利于套接过程的进行。当本实施例提供的钻孔护壁组件100中的第一个护壁套筒11的形状大小与第一个实施例提供的钻孔护壁组件100中的第一个护壁套筒11的形状大小相同时，很容易可以理解的是，在本申请实施例提供的钻孔护壁组件100中的第二个护壁套筒12以及第三个护壁套筒13相对于第一个实施例提供的钻孔护壁组件100中的第二个护壁套筒12以及第三个护壁套筒13来说，尺寸进一步减小，从而降低了生产成本。
参阅图9，图9是本申请实施例提供的一种钻孔护壁装置200的结构示意图。
本申请实施例涉及的钻孔技术可用于对岩芯样品的获取、地下仪器探测、月球内部资源的获取等多个领域，本申请实施例提供一种钻孔护壁装置200，可用于对岩芯样品的获取。
本实施例提供的钻孔护壁装置200包括上述任意实施例提供的钻孔护壁组件100以及钻具60，钻具60包括钻杆61和钻头62，其中，钻头62上还设置有取芯装置，钻头62用来钻孔的同时，其上设置的取芯装置会对岩芯进行收集，钻杆61用来连接钻头62，在使用本申请实施例提供的钻孔护壁装置200进行钻孔护壁时，使用钻具60进行钻孔操作，使用钻孔护壁组件100对钻具60钻出的孔进行保护，维持孔壁的稳定性，整个钻孔护壁装置200能够有效完成钻孔护壁流程。
其中，钻孔护壁装置200中的钻具60用来进行钻孔操作，钻取沿地表垂直向下方向重叠分布的多个钻孔，且沿地表向下方向，多个钻孔的半径逐渐减小。钻孔护壁组件100中的多个护壁套筒10分别放入与其大小相匹配的多个 钻孔中，钻孔护壁组件100中的多个限位件20限制多个护壁套筒10之间的连接固定，使多个护壁套筒10之间的结构更加稳定，达到更好的护壁效果。
钻孔护壁装置200还包括机械手70，机械手70用于将第N个护壁套筒10通过所述第N-1个护壁套筒10，放入相应的钻孔内，即将第二个护壁套筒12通过第一个护壁套筒11放入第二个钻孔内，将第三个护壁套筒13通过第二个护壁套筒12放入第三个钻孔内。其中，工作人员可利用机械手70进行远程操控，使得无论在何种恶劣环境下，不需要操作人员现场操作即可完成必要的钻孔护壁工艺，能有效克服恶劣环境的影响。
钻孔护壁装置200还包括固定件80，固定件80用以将钻杆61与一个护壁套筒10固定，固定件80为可人工操控使其收缩或者膨胀的结构。具体的，当需要将钻杆61与一个护壁套筒10固定时，膨胀位于钻杆61和护壁套筒10之间的固定件80，使固定件80分别与钻杆61和护壁套筒10的内表面接触，增加了固定件80与钻杆61和护壁套筒10之间的摩擦力，间接的使钻杆61与护壁套筒10之间不发生相对运动，即固定钻杆61与护壁套筒10。固定件80的存在使得在钻孔过程中，钻杆61不会与护壁套筒10之间发生相对运动，始终进行垂直钻孔，提高了钻孔的稳定性。当需要将钻杆61从护壁套筒10中取出时，只需收缩固定件80，减小固定件80与钻杆61和护壁套筒10之间的摩擦力，从而可以将钻杆61取出。
需要说明的是，在与固定件80相接触的护壁套筒10的内表面位置不设置有润滑层，从而保证了固定件80与相应护壁套筒10之间的摩擦力。
钻孔护壁装置200还包括绳索90，绳索90用以将所述钻具60从护壁套筒10中取出。
在使用本实施例提供的钻孔护壁装置200进行钻孔护壁时，其中，钻具60进行孔壁的钻取，钻孔护壁组件100用以维持所钻取的钻孔稳定性，两者组成的钻孔护壁装置200有效完成了整个钻孔护壁流程。
请一并参阅图10，图10是本申请实施例提供的一种钻孔护壁的方法的流程示意图。
本申请实施例所示钻孔护壁的方法，使用了本申请实施例所示的钻孔护壁装置，其步骤包括：
形成第N-1个钻孔；
将第N-1个护壁套筒10放入第N-1钻孔内；
钻具60穿过第N-1个护壁套筒10进行钻孔，形成第N个钻孔；
将钻具60从第N-1护壁套筒10中取出，将所述第N个护壁套筒10放入第N个钻孔内。
在使用本实施例所示的钻孔护壁的方法进行钻孔护壁时，多个护壁套筒组合结构进行循环护壁，能够有效维持钻孔过程中孔壁的稳定性，使钻孔不会发生缩径、破碎、掉块、坍塌等不良变化，保证了钻孔过程的顺利进行。
以N＝3为例进行具体说明，在使用本申请实施例提供的钻孔护壁装置200进行钻孔护壁时，钻孔护壁方法包括：
步骤S1，对目标区域进行挖掘，形成大小深度与第一个护壁套筒11相匹配的第一个钻孔。
步骤S2，将第一个护壁套筒11放置在第一个钻孔中。具体的，使第一个护壁套筒11的外表面与第一个钻孔的内壁相贴合，第一个护壁套筒11的底部与第一个钻孔的底部处于同一水平面上，第一个护壁套筒11的顶部与地表处于同一水平面上。
步骤S3，将钻具60穿过所述第一个护壁套筒11对第一个护壁套筒11围成的区域内下方的空间进行钻孔，形成大小、长度与第二个护壁套筒12相配合的第二个钻孔。
步骤S4，将钻具60从第一个护壁套筒11中取出，将第二个护壁套筒12放入第二个钻孔中。具体的，使第二个护壁套筒12的外表面与第二个钻孔的内壁相贴合，第二个护壁套筒12的底部与第二个钻孔的底部处于同一水平面上，第二个护壁套筒12的顶部与第二个钻孔的顶部处于同一水平面上。
步骤S5，将钻具60穿过所述第二个护壁套筒12对第二个护壁套筒12围成的区域内下方的空间进行钻孔，形成大小、长度与第三个护壁套筒13相配合的第三个钻孔。
步骤S6，将钻具60从第二个护壁套筒12中取出，将第三个护壁套筒13放入第三个钻孔中。具体的，使第三个护壁套筒13的外表面与第三个钻孔的内壁相贴合，第三个护壁套筒13的底部与第三个钻孔的底部处于同一水平面 上，第三个护壁套筒13的顶部与第三个钻孔的顶部处于同一水平面上。
可以理解的是，N可以为大于1的任意自然数，对于N为其他数值的情况，可以参考N＝3的实施例内容，以同样的方式循环进行钻孔-放套筒过程，直到钻出的钻孔达到所需深度，即可停止钻孔过程，在此不进行进一步的赘述。
其中，在步骤S3中，在钻具60进行钻孔之前，可以用固定件80将钻杆61与第一个护壁套筒11的内表面相固定，使钻具60在钻孔过程中，钻杆61上部保持稳定，实现垂直钻孔，从而使得钻取的钻孔的形状更加规整，结构更加稳定。
同样的，在步骤S5中，也可以用固定件80将钻杆61与第二个护壁套筒12的内表面相固定，实现垂直钻孔的目的。
可以理解的是，在步骤S2、S4、S6中，可以通过机械手70实现对护壁套筒10的拿取、移动和放置。在进行月基表面钻孔及深海钻孔时，采用人工操作进行护壁套筒10的放置具有较大的难度和较高的风险，如在月基表面钻孔时，首先要克服技术障碍将人员送至月球表面，同时还需要克服月球表面的超高真空、微重力、极端温差、高宇宙辐射等特殊环境条件；在进行深海钻孔时则需要克服海底巨大的压力。此时采用机械手70自动化操作进行护壁套筒10的放置为必要的选择。
在步骤S3、S4、S5、S6中，在将钻具60穿过所述护壁套筒10及从护壁套筒10中取出的过程中，可以用绳索90对所述钻具60进行拉取、移动及放置，使得操作更加方便。
在使用本实施例提供的钻孔护壁方法进行钻孔护壁时，先将外部的护壁套筒10放入与之大小、长度相配合的挖好的钻孔中，再对外部的护壁套筒10围成的区域内下方的空间进行钻孔，形成大小、长度与相邻的内部护壁套筒10相配合的钻孔，从而将相邻的内部护壁套筒10放入钻孔中，同时通过限位件20将相邻的护壁套筒10之间紧固连接在一起，以同样的方式循环进行钻孔-放套筒过程，直到钻出的钻孔达到所需深度，即可停止钻孔过程。上述操作简便可行，且循环进行钻孔-放套筒的过程能实现更深的钻孔需求，多个护壁套筒10的存在能够有效达到钻孔护壁的功能。
以上所揭露的仅为本申请较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本申请之 权利范围，本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分流程，并依本申请权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属于本申请所涵盖的范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种钻孔护壁组件，用以与钻具配合使用，其特征在于，包括N个护壁套筒和N-1个限位件，N为大于1的自然数，第N-1个护壁套筒的内径等于或大于第N个护壁套筒的外径，所述第N-1个护壁套筒包括相对设置的第一端和第二端；
    所述第N-1个护壁套筒套接于所述第N个护壁套筒上时，第N-1个限位件用以限定所述第N个护壁套筒在沿所述第一端向所述第二端的方向上移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的钻孔护壁组件，其特征在于，所述第N-1个限位件包括一个限位部，所述限位部设置在所述第N-1个护壁套筒的内表面或所述第N个护壁套筒的外表面。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的钻孔护壁组件，其特征在于，所述第N-1个限位件包括两个限位部，两个所述限位部分别设置在所述第N-1个护壁套筒的内表面和所述第N个护壁套筒的外表面。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的钻孔护壁组件，其特征在于，所述限位部为弹性限位部。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的钻孔护壁组件，其特征在于，所述第N个护壁套筒的长度大于所述第N-1个护壁套筒的长度。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的钻孔护壁组件，其特征在于，每一所述护壁套筒的外表面设有外螺纹。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的钻孔护壁组件，其特征在于，每一所述护壁套筒的外表面设有润滑层。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的钻孔护壁组件，其特征在于，所述钻孔护壁组件还包括套筒架，所述套筒架包括安装面，所述安装面上开设有收容槽，所述收容槽用以收容N个所述护壁套筒。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的钻孔护壁组件，其特征在于，所述安装面上还设有贯穿所述套筒架的通孔，所述通孔的内径等于或大于任一所述护壁套筒的外径。
  10. 一种钻孔护壁装置，其特征在于，包括钻具和如权利要求1-9任一项 所述的钻孔护壁组件，所述钻具用以钻孔，所述钻具包括钻杆与钻头，所述钻孔护壁组件用以保护所述钻具钻出的钻孔。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的钻孔护壁装置，其特征在于，还包括机械手，所述机械手用以将所述第N个护壁套筒放入所述第N-1个护壁套筒内。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的钻孔护壁装置，其特征在于，还包括固定件，所述固定件用以将所述钻杆与一个所述护壁套筒相对固定。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的钻孔护壁装置，其特征在于，还包括绳索，所述绳索用以将所述钻具从护壁套筒中取出。
  14. 一种钻孔护壁的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    形成第N-1个钻孔；
    将所述第N-1个护壁套筒放入所述第N-1钻孔内；
    钻具穿过所述第N-1个护壁套筒进行钻孔，形成第N个钻孔；
    将所述钻具从所述护壁套筒中取出，将所述第N个护壁套筒放入所述第N个钻孔内。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，在钻具穿过所述第N-1个护壁套筒进行钻孔之前，利用固定件将所述钻杆与所述第N-1个护壁套筒固定。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，在将所述护壁套筒放入所述钻孔的过程中，用机械手将所述护壁套筒放入所述钻孔。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，在将所述钻具穿过所述护壁套筒及从所述护壁套筒中取出的过程中，用绳索将所述钻具穿过所述护壁套筒及从所述护壁套筒中取出。
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WO2005124091A1 (en) * 2004-06-14 2005-12-29 Baker Hughes Incorporated One trip well apparatus with sand control
CN103906889A (zh) * 2011-10-25 2014-07-02 国际壳牌研究有限公司 组合的套管系统和方法
CN105804654A (zh) * 2016-03-16 2016-07-27 中石化绿源地热能开发有限公司 一种地热井新型井身结构及完井方法
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