WO2021102537A1 - Coalescing pipe for conveying fluids comprising at least two immiscible phases - Google Patents

Coalescing pipe for conveying fluids comprising at least two immiscible phases Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021102537A1
WO2021102537A1 PCT/BR2020/050479 BR2020050479W WO2021102537A1 WO 2021102537 A1 WO2021102537 A1 WO 2021102537A1 BR 2020050479 W BR2020050479 W BR 2020050479W WO 2021102537 A1 WO2021102537 A1 WO 2021102537A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
duct
wall
helical
longitudinal
coalescing
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PCT/BR2020/050479
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French (fr)
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Erick Fabrizio QUINTELLA ANDRADE COELHO
Marcos Aurélio de SOUZA
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Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras
Universidade Federal De Itajubá - Unifei
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Application filed by Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras, Universidade Federal De Itajubá - Unifei filed Critical Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras
Publication of WO2021102537A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021102537A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0217—Separation of non-miscible liquids by centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
    • B01D17/045—Breaking emulsions with coalescers

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to oil production techniques. More specifically, the present invention is related to techniques for transporting oil produced through pipelines.
  • the document CA2661579A1 discloses a method for the separation of aqueous bitumen containing a suspension of oil and sand that involves exposing the suspension to a flow in a helical pipeline, generating a centrifugal force in order to provide the separation of the aqueous bitumen.
  • WO2014047527A2 discloses a self-regulating pressure tube for fluid transport and particle separation comprising spaced arcuate fins including a first end that is fixedly connected to the cylindrical inner wall of the tube and a second end that extends to inside the duct.
  • the set of arcuate fins is fixed to the inner part of the tube in order to generate a vortex in the fluid, increasing the tangential velocity of the fluid, providing the separation of immiscible liquids present in the fluid.
  • the tube disclosed by WO2014047527A2 can only regulate the pressure inside the tube because its fins have a length of approximately 1/4 of the diameter of the tube, and are fixed to the wall and arranged longitudinally in a helical fashion only in order to provide rotation in the portion of fluid that is closest to the wall.
  • This rotation forced by the helical trajectory of the fins, provides the rotation of the fluid portion in the device's core, which in turn flows free from the presence of walls, forming a vortex. It is this vortex inside the tube, with variable pressure, that gives the device's pressure regulation characteristic.
  • the document US3423294A is directed to a process of forming a continuous ring of fluid adjacent to a tube surface.
  • a spiral fin is provided inside the duct. This ensures that fluid of lower density flows in a vortex created by the fin.
  • the vortex generated in both cases cited is responsible for forming a zone of variable pressure inside the device, which has a strong tendency to shear the drops that are moving in this region, threatening to break its integrity and, therefore, turning them into smaller drops. This characteristic can favor the formation of an emulsion, which is exactly what you want to eliminate in the situations described.
  • the present invention aims to solve the problems of the prior art described above in a practical and efficient manner.
  • the present invention aims to provide a mechanical apparatus for transporting fluids comprising immiscible phases that favors coalescence, through, for example, the induction of rotation to the fluid so that the centrifugal field created contributes to the coalescence of the drops and further separation of the emulsion components, whereby vortex generation is avoided.
  • the present invention provides a coalescing duct for fluid transport comprising at least two immiscible phases comprising at least one longitudinal partition wall of helical shape, in which the partition wall divides the interior space of the duct in at least two helical-shaped longitudinal chambers.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an optional configuration of the coalescing duct of the present invention.
  • Figure 1a illustrates a side view of the duct shown in Figure 1.
  • Figures 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d illustrate optional configurations of the coalescing duct of the present invention in which different steps are adopted for the at least one longitudinal partition wall of helical shape.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a schematic sectional view of an optional configuration of the coalescing pipeline of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a schematic view of a coalescing pipeline in which a sequence of cross-sections of the pipeline is illustrated.
  • the present invention relates to a coalescing duct for transporting fluids comprising at least two immiscible phases.
  • the invention can be applied in various stages of an oil production process, from extraction to transport between stages of industrial processing of this fluid, in which the fluid extracted from a well comprises oil and water, immiscible liquids.
  • the fluid may additionally comprise a gas phase and solid particles (impurities).
  • the main objective of the invention is to make the fluid flow inside the coalescing duct provide the coalescence of this fluid, causing the oil and water phases to coalesce, which facilitates its separation and subsequent processing.
  • coalescing duct that will be described is applied connecting a gravitational separator to an emulsion treatment equipment, such as electrostatic treaters, hydrocyclones, among others.
  • the purpose of the invention is to remodel the interior of straight ducts that transport fluids that comprise at least two immiscible phases, such as the ducts that connect a gravitational separator to an emulsion treater, inserting in the leaked space of these straight ducts a mechanical device that continuously induces rotation to the emulsion that passes through it.
  • the invention provides a coalescing duct for fluid transport comprising at least two immiscible phases comprising at least one longitudinal partition wall of helical shape, wherein the partition wall divides the inner space of the duct into at least two chambers longitudinal helical shape.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an optional configuration of the coalescing duct of the present invention.
  • Figure 1a illustrates a side view of the duct shown in Figure 1 .
  • the wall 3 of the duct 5 is illustrated in a translucent shape to allow the observation of its interior and of at least one longitudinal partition wall 1 of helical shape.
  • the at least one partition wall 1 helical extends continuously from a point on wall 3 of duct 5 to a point on wall 3 of duct 5 diametrically opposite the first.
  • the coalescing duct 5 provides a "rigid body movement" for the portion of fluid flowing through the duct 5 as well as a radial displacement of the denser particles from the center of the tube to the wall 3 of the duct 5, by the centrifugal effect generated by the helical formation of the chambers.
  • each dividing wall 1 can comprise a fixed pitch, or a variable pitch, that is, the angle that the dividing wall 1 is twisted can be fixed or variable. Additionally, the pitch can be shorter or longer depending on the needs of each application.
  • the step variation will determine whether the centrifugal movement provided in the flow will be of greater or lesser intensity. This intensity of centripetal force generated will determine the intensity of the phase separation of the flow.
  • Figures 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d illustrate optional configurations of the coalescing duct 5 of the present invention in which different steps are adopted for the at least one longitudinal partition wall 1 of helical shape. As is widely known, the smaller the step of the helical movement of the dividing wall 1 , the greater will be the centrifugal acceleration generated in the fluid that is displaced within it. [0036] Therefore, the choice of step can vary according to the application and according to the acceleration that you want to print to the fluid. Thus, this characteristic must be defined by the technician responsible for each application of this invention.
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a sectional view of a coalescing duct 5 configuration in which four dividing walls 1 are adopted, forming eight helical chambers 2 .
  • helical longitudinal chambers 2 are formed with a cross section formed by two partition walls 1 in V and wall 3 of duct 5.
  • each partition wall 1 extends from a point of wall 3 of duct 5 to a opposite point of wall 3 of duct 5, dividing the duct section into two halves.
  • FIG 4 illustrates a schematic view of a coalescing duct 5 in which a sequence of cross-sections of the duct 5 is illustrated.
  • a 2' longitudinal chamber is highlighted so that it is possible to observe the displacement induced to the fluid by the walls.
  • dividers 1 Note that the fluid trajectory line in each 2' longitudinal chamber has a helical shape, which favors coalescence.
  • Another advantage of the invention in view of the state of the art consists in the fact that, since all the helical walls 1 extend continuously from a point on the tube wall 3 to the diametrically opposite point, it is not possible to form a vortex in the central region of the device.
  • the at least one helical partition wall 1 divides the duct 5 into at least two isolated chambers 2, makes the fluid moving in each chamber 2 completely isolated from the moving fluid in the other chambers, allowing for greater separation capacity for fluids of different densities.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a coalescing pipe for conveying fluids that have at least two immiscible phases including at least one longitudinal helical partition wall (1), in which the partition wall (1) divides the internal space in the pipe (5) into at least two longitudinal helical chambers (2).

Description

“DUTO COALESCEDOR PARA TRANSPORTE DE FLUIDOS QUE COMPREENDEM PELO MENOS DUAS FASES IMISCÍVEIS”"COALESCEDING DUCT FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF FLUIDS THAT INCLUDE AT LEAST TWO IMMISCIBLE PHASES"
CAMPO DA INVENÇÃO FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] A presente invenção está relacionada a técnicas de produção de petróleo. Mais especificamente, a presente invenção está relacionada a técnicas de transporte de petróleo produzido através de dutos. [0001] The present invention is related to oil production techniques. More specifically, the present invention is related to techniques for transporting oil produced through pipelines.
FUNDAMENTOS DA INVENÇÃO FUNDAMENTALS OF THE INVENTION
[0002] No atual estado da técnica, na indústria do petróleo, é muito comum o escoamento de um fluido ser constituído por dois componentes imiscíveis, como a água e o óleo. Na maioria dos casos deseja-se que estes dois componentes escoem sem que ocorra uma emulsificação pronunciada, ou seja, sem que um deles se divida em pequenas gotas e se torne disperso na outra fase. [0002] In the current state of the art, in the oil industry, it is very common for a fluid to flow to be constituted by two immiscible components, such as water and oil. In most cases it is desired that these two components flow without a pronounced emulsification occurring, that is, without one of them splitting into small droplets and becoming dispersed in the other phase.
[0003] O problema descrito é especialmente importante quando o fluido em questão é transportado em dutos entre etapas subsequentes de seu processamento industrial. Nesses casos, quando a dispersão ocorre temos a formação de uma emulsão que dificulta o tratamento do fluido, ou seja, a separação de água e óleo. [0004] Assim, seria muito interessante que a indústria do petróleo compreendesse um acessório que fosse capaz de propiciar o crescimento das gotas da fase dispersa de modo a diminuir a estabilidade desta emulsão, favorecendo assim seu tratamento nos equipamentos destinados para este fim. [0003] The problem described is especially important when the fluid in question is transported in pipelines between subsequent stages of its industrial processing. In these cases, when the dispersion occurs, an emulsion is formed that makes it difficult to treat the fluid, that is, the separation of water and oil. [0004] Thus, it would be very interesting for the oil industry to understand an accessory that was capable of providing the growth of the dispersed phase droplets in order to reduce the stability of this emulsion, thus favoring its treatment in equipment intended for this purpose.
[0005] É possível encontrar no estado da técnica alguns documentos que descrevem propostas com o objetivo de solucionar o problema descrito. Esses documentos serão apresentados a seguir. [0006] O documento CA2661579A1 revela um método para a separação de betume aquoso contendo uma suspensão de óleo e areia que envolve expor a suspensão a um escoamento em um duto helicoidal, gerando uma força centrífuga de modo a prover a separação do betume aquoso. [0005] It is possible to find in the state of the art some documents that describe proposals with the objective of solving the described problem. These documents will be presented below. [0006] The document CA2661579A1 discloses a method for the separation of aqueous bitumen containing a suspension of oil and sand that involves exposing the suspension to a flow in a helical pipeline, generating a centrifugal force in order to provide the separation of the aqueous bitumen.
[0007] No entanto, dutos como o descrito não podem ser utilizados em uma série de aplicações, em especial que possuam espaço limitado. [0007] However, ducts like the one described cannot be used in a series of applications, especially those that have limited space.
[0008] O documento WO2014047527A2 revela um tubo de pressão auto-regulável para o transporte de fluidos e separação de partículas que compreende aletas arqueadas espaçadas incluindo uma primeira extremidade que está fixamente ligada à parede interior cilíndrica do tubo e uma segunda extremidade que se estende para dentro do duto. [0008] WO2014047527A2 discloses a self-regulating pressure tube for fluid transport and particle separation comprising spaced arcuate fins including a first end that is fixedly connected to the cylindrical inner wall of the tube and a second end that extends to inside the duct.
[0010] Segundo tal documento, o conjunto de aletas arqueadas é fixada a parte interior do tubo de modo a gerar um vórtice no fluido, aumentando a velocidade tangencial do fluido, propiciando a separação de líquidos imiscíveis presentes no fluido. [0010] According to such document, the set of arcuate fins is fixed to the inner part of the tube in order to generate a vortex in the fluid, increasing the tangential velocity of the fluid, providing the separation of immiscible liquids present in the fluid.
[0011] Fica claro que o tubo revelado pelo WO2014047527A2 só consegue regular a pressão no interior do tubo porque suas aletas têm um comprimento de aproximadamente 1/4 do diâmetro do tubo, e são fixadas na parede e dispostas longitudinalmente de modo helicoidal apenas a fim de proporcionar rotação na porção de fluido que se encontra mais próxima à parede. [0011] It is clear that the tube disclosed by WO2014047527A2 can only regulate the pressure inside the tube because its fins have a length of approximately 1/4 of the diameter of the tube, and are fixed to the wall and arranged longitudinally in a helical fashion only in order to provide rotation in the portion of fluid that is closest to the wall.
[0012] Esta rotação, forçada pela trajetória helicoidal das aletas, provê a rotação da porção de fluido no núcleo do dispositivo, que por sua vez escoa livre da presença de paredes, formando um vórtice. É este vórtice no interior do tubo, de pressão variável, que confere a característica de regulação da pressão do dispositivo. [0012] This rotation, forced by the helical trajectory of the fins, provides the rotation of the fluid portion in the device's core, which in turn flows free from the presence of walls, forming a vortex. It is this vortex inside the tube, with variable pressure, that gives the device's pressure regulation characteristic.
[0013] O documento US3423294A é direcionado a um processo de formação de um anel contínuo de fluido adjacente a uma superfície de tubo. Para tal, é prevista uma aleta em espiral no interior do duto. Assim, assegura-se que fluido de menor densidade flua em um vórtice criado pela aleta. [0013] The document US3423294A is directed to a process of forming a continuous ring of fluid adjacent to a tube surface. For this purpose, a spiral fin is provided inside the duct. This ensures that fluid of lower density flows in a vortex created by the fin.
[0014] No entanto, o vórtice gerado em ambos os casos citados é responsável por formar uma zona de pressão variável no interior do dispositivo, o que tem forte tendência a cisalhar as gotas que estão se deslocando nesta região, ameaçando romper sua integridade e, portanto, transformando-as em gotas menores. Esta característica pode favorecer a formação de uma emulsão, o que é exatamente o que se deseja eliminar nas situações descritas. [0014] However, the vortex generated in both cases cited is responsible for forming a zone of variable pressure inside the device, which has a strong tendency to shear the drops that are moving in this region, threatening to break its integrity and, therefore, turning them into smaller drops. This characteristic can favor the formation of an emulsion, which is exactly what you want to eliminate in the situations described.
[0015] Portanto, como será mais bem detalhado a seguir, a presente invenção visa a solução dos problemas do estado da técnica acima descritos de forma prática e eficiente. [0015] Therefore, as will be further detailed below, the present invention aims to solve the problems of the prior art described above in a practical and efficient manner.
SUMÁRIO DA INVENÇÃO SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0016] A presente invenção tem por objetivo prover um aparato mecânico para transporte de fluidos que compreendem fases imiscíveis que favoreça a coalescência, através, por exemplo, da indução de giro ao fluido de modo que o campo centrífugo criado contribua para a coalescência das gotas e posterior separação dos componentes da emulsão, em que a geração de vórtice seja evitada. [0017] De forma a alcançar os objetivos acima descritos, a presente invenção provê um duto coalescedor para transporte de fluidos que compreendem pelo menos duas fases imiscíveis compreendo pelo menos uma parede divisória longitudinal de formato helicoidal, em que a parede divisória divide o espaço interior do duto em pelo menos duas câmaras longitudinais de formato helicoidal. BREVE DESCRIÇÃO DAS FIGURAS [0016] The present invention aims to provide a mechanical apparatus for transporting fluids comprising immiscible phases that favors coalescence, through, for example, the induction of rotation to the fluid so that the centrifugal field created contributes to the coalescence of the drops and further separation of the emulsion components, whereby vortex generation is avoided. [0017] In order to achieve the objectives described above, the present invention provides a coalescing duct for fluid transport comprising at least two immiscible phases comprising at least one longitudinal partition wall of helical shape, in which the partition wall divides the interior space of the duct in at least two helical-shaped longitudinal chambers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0018] A descrição detalhada apresentada adiante faz referência às figuras anexas e seus respectivos números de referência. [0018] The detailed description presented below makes reference to the attached figures and their respective numbers of reference.
[0019] A figura 1 ilustra uma configuração opcional do duto coalescedor da presente invenção. [0019] Figure 1 illustrates an optional configuration of the coalescing duct of the present invention.
[0020] A figura 1a ilustra uma vista lateral do duto ilustrado na figura 1. [0020] Figure 1a illustrates a side view of the duct shown in Figure 1.
[0021] As figuras 2a, 2b, 2c e 2d ilustram configurações opcionais do duto coalescedor da presente invenção em que diferentes passos são adotados para a pelo menos uma parede divisória longitudinal de formato helicoidal. [0021] Figures 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d illustrate optional configurations of the coalescing duct of the present invention in which different steps are adopted for the at least one longitudinal partition wall of helical shape.
[0022] A figura 3 ilustra uma vista esquemática em corte seccional de uma configuração opcional do duto coalescedor da presente invenção. [0022] Figure 3 illustrates a schematic sectional view of an optional configuration of the coalescing pipeline of the present invention.
[0023] A figura 4 ilustra uma vista esquemática de um duto coalescedor em que é ilustrada uma sequência de seções transversais do duto. [0023] Figure 4 illustrates a schematic view of a coalescing pipeline in which a sequence of cross-sections of the pipeline is illustrated.
DESCRIÇÃO DETALHADA DA INVENÇÃO DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0024] Preliminarmente, ressalta-se que a descrição que se segue partirá de uma concretização preferencial da invenção. Como ficará evidente para qualquer técnico no assunto, no entanto, a invenção não está limitada a essa concretização particular. [0024] Preliminarily, it should be noted that the description that follows will depart from a preferred embodiment of the invention. As will be apparent to anyone skilled in the art, however, the invention is not limited to that particular embodiment.
[0025] A presente invenção se refere a um duto coalescedor para transporte de fluidos que compreendem pelo menos duas fases imiscíveis. Em especial, a invenção pode ser aplicada em diversas etapas de um processo de produção de petróleo, desde a extração até o transporte entre etapas do processamento industrial deste fluido, em que o fluido extraído de um poço compreende óleo e água, líquidos imiscíveis. No entanto, como largamente conhecido, esse fluido pode compreender adicionalmente uma fase gasosa e partículas sólidas (impurezas). [0026] Assim, o objetivo principal da invenção é fazer com que o escoamento do fluido no interior do duto coalescedor propicie a coalescência deste fluido, fazendo com que as fases de óleo e água se aglutinem, o que facilita sua separação e consequente processamento. [0025] The present invention relates to a coalescing duct for transporting fluids comprising at least two immiscible phases. In particular, the invention can be applied in various stages of an oil production process, from extraction to transport between stages of industrial processing of this fluid, in which the fluid extracted from a well comprises oil and water, immiscible liquids. However, as is widely known, such fluid may additionally comprise a gas phase and solid particles (impurities). [0026] Thus, the main objective of the invention is to make the fluid flow inside the coalescing duct provide the coalescence of this fluid, causing the oil and water phases to coalesce, which facilitates its separation and subsequent processing.
[0027] Em uma configuração de particular relevância, o duto coalescedor que será descrito é aplicado conectando um separador gravitacional a um equipamento de tratamento de emulsão, como tratadores eletrostáticos, hidrociclones, dentre outros. [0027] In a configuration of particular relevance, the coalescing duct that will be described is applied connecting a gravitational separator to an emulsion treatment equipment, such as electrostatic treaters, hydrocyclones, among others.
[0028] Assim, o intuito da invenção é o de remodelar o interior de dutos retos que transportam fluidos que compreendem pelo menos duas fases imiscíveis, como os dutos que ligam um separador gravitacional ao um tratador de emulsão, inserindo no espaço vazado desses dutos retos um dispositivo mecânico que induz continuamente giro à emulsão que o atravessa. [0028] Thus, the purpose of the invention is to remodel the interior of straight ducts that transport fluids that comprise at least two immiscible phases, such as the ducts that connect a gravitational separator to an emulsion treater, inserting in the leaked space of these straight ducts a mechanical device that continuously induces rotation to the emulsion that passes through it.
[0029] Para tal, a invenção provê um duto coalescedor para transporte de fluidos que compreendem pelo menos duas fases imiscíveis compreendo pelo menos uma parede divisória longitudinal de formato helicoidal, em que a parede divisória divide o espaço interior do duto em pelo menos duas câmaras longitudinais de formato helicoidal. [0029] To this end, the invention provides a coalescing duct for fluid transport comprising at least two immiscible phases comprising at least one longitudinal partition wall of helical shape, wherein the partition wall divides the inner space of the duct into at least two chambers longitudinal helical shape.
[0030] A figura 1 ilustra uma configuração opcional do duto coalescedor da presente invenção. A figura 1a ilustra uma vista lateral do duto ilustrado na figura 1 . Em ambas as figuras, assim como em outras figuras que serão apresentas neste relatório, a parede 3 do duto 5 é ilustrada em uma forma translúcida para permitir a observação de seu interior e da pelo menos uma parede divisória 1 longitudinal de formato helicoidal. [0030] Figure 1 illustrates an optional configuration of the coalescing duct of the present invention. Figure 1a illustrates a side view of the duct shown in Figure 1 . In both figures, as well as in other figures that will be presented in this report, the wall 3 of the duct 5 is illustrated in a translucent shape to allow the observation of its interior and of at least one longitudinal partition wall 1 of helical shape.
[0031] Opcionalmente, a pelo menos uma parede divisória 1 helicoidal se estende continuamente desde um ponto na parede 3 do duto 5 até um ponto na parede 3 do duto 5 diametralmente oposto ao primeiro. Assim, o duto coalescedor 5 proporciona um “movimento de corpo rígido” para a porção de fluido que escoa pelo duto 5 bem como um deslocamento radial das partículas mais densas desde o centro do tubo até à parede 3 do duto 5, pelo efeito centrífugo gerado pela formação helicoidal das câmaras. [0031] Optionally, the at least one partition wall 1 helical extends continuously from a point on wall 3 of duct 5 to a point on wall 3 of duct 5 diametrically opposite the first. Thus, the coalescing duct 5 provides a "rigid body movement" for the portion of fluid flowing through the duct 5 as well as a radial displacement of the denser particles from the center of the tube to the wall 3 of the duct 5, by the centrifugal effect generated by the helical formation of the chambers.
[0032] Assim, as fases imiscíveis do fluido, que compreendem diferentes densidades, tendem a se separar ao escoar pelo duto 5, de modo que a fase com densidade mais baixa tende a se concentrar na porção radialmente mais central do duto 5. Por sua vez, a fase de fluido com densidade mais alta tende a se concentrar na porção radialmente mais externa do duto (próximo à parede 3 do duto 5). [0033] É importante pontuar que cada parede divisória 1 pode compreender um passo fixo, ou um passo variável, ou seja, o ângulo que a parede divisória 1 é torcida pode ser fixo ou variável. Adicionalmente, o passo pode ser mais curto ou mais longo, dependendo das necessidades de cada aplicação. [0032] Thus, the immiscible phases of the fluid, which comprise different densities, tend to separate when flowing through duct 5, so that the phase with lower density tends to concentrate in the radially more central portion of duct 5. Instead, the fluid phase with the highest density tends to be concentrated in the radially outermost portion of the duct (near wall 3 of duct 5). [0033] It is important to point out that each dividing wall 1 can comprise a fixed pitch, or a variable pitch, that is, the angle that the dividing wall 1 is twisted can be fixed or variable. Additionally, the pitch can be shorter or longer depending on the needs of each application.
[0034] Como é de conhecimento amplo, a variação do passo irá determinar se o movimento centrífugo proporcionado no fluxo será de maior ou menor intensidade. Essa intensidade da força centrípeta gerada irá determinar a intensidade da separação das fases do fluxo. [0035] As figuras 2a, 2b, 2c, e 2d ilustram configurações opcionais do duto coalescedor 5 da presente invenção em que diferentes passos são adotados para a pelo menos uma parede divisória 1 longitudinal de formato helicoidal. Como largamente sabido, quanto menor o passo do movimento helicoidal da parede divisória 1 , maior será a aceleração centrífuga gerada no fluido que é deslocado em seu interior. [0036] Portanto, a escolha do passo pode ser variável de acordo com a aplicação e de acordo com a aceleração que se deseja imprimir ao fluido. Assim, essa característica deverá ser definida pelo técnico responsável em cada aplicação desta invenção. [0034] As is widely known, the step variation will determine whether the centrifugal movement provided in the flow will be of greater or lesser intensity. This intensity of centripetal force generated will determine the intensity of the phase separation of the flow. [0035] Figures 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d illustrate optional configurations of the coalescing duct 5 of the present invention in which different steps are adopted for the at least one longitudinal partition wall 1 of helical shape. As is widely known, the smaller the step of the helical movement of the dividing wall 1 , the greater will be the centrifugal acceleration generated in the fluid that is displaced within it. [0036] Therefore, the choice of step can vary according to the application and according to the acceleration that you want to print to the fluid. Thus, this characteristic must be defined by the technician responsible for each application of this invention.
[0037] Em configurações opcionais, mais de uma parede divisória 1 helicoidal pode ser adotada. A figura 3 ilustra esquematicamente uma vista em corte seccional de uma configuração de duto coalescedor 5 em que são adotadas quatro paredes divisórias 1 , formando oito câmaras 2 helicoidais. Nessa configuração são formadas câmaras 2 longitudinais helicoidais com seção transversal formada por duas paredes divisórias 1 em V e a parede 3 do duto 5. [0038] Nesta configuração, cada parede divisória 1 se estende de um ponto da parede 3 do duto 5 até um ponto oposto da parede 3 do duto 5, dividindo a seção do duto em duas metades. [0037] In optional configurations, more than one helical partition wall 1 can be adopted. Figure 3 schematically illustrates a sectional view of a coalescing duct 5 configuration in which four dividing walls 1 are adopted, forming eight helical chambers 2 . In this configuration, helical longitudinal chambers 2 are formed with a cross section formed by two partition walls 1 in V and wall 3 of duct 5. [0038] In this configuration, each partition wall 1 extends from a point of wall 3 of duct 5 to a opposite point of wall 3 of duct 5, dividing the duct section into two halves.
[0039] Observa-se claramente que cada câmara 2 helicoidal está completamente isolada com relação às demais. [0039] It is clearly observed that each helical chamber 2 is completely isolated from the others.
[0040] FIG 4 ilustra uma vista esquemática de um duto coalescedor 5 em que é ilustrada uma sequência de seções transversais do duto 5. Nesta figura, uma câmara 2’ longitudinal é destacada de modo a ser possível observar o deslocamento induzido ao fluido pelas paredes divisórias 1. Observa-se que a linha de trajetória do fluido em cada câmara 2’ longitudinal tem um formato helicoidal o que favorece a coalescência. [0040] FIG 4 illustrates a schematic view of a coalescing duct 5 in which a sequence of cross-sections of the duct 5 is illustrated. In this figure, a 2' longitudinal chamber is highlighted so that it is possible to observe the displacement induced to the fluid by the walls. dividers 1. Note that the fluid trajectory line in each 2' longitudinal chamber has a helical shape, which favors coalescence.
[0041] Também nessa configuração, fluidos de densidade mais baixa tendem a se concentrar na região mais central do duto, ou seja, escoam ao longo de cada canal em V formado pelo encontro das paredes divisórias 1 mais ao centro do duto coalescedor 5. Por sua vez, as gotas do fluido com densidade mais alta escoam próximo à parede 3 do duto 5 devido ao efeito centrífugo. [0042] A existência de várias paredes divisórias 1 em espiral dispostas longitudinalmente, ao invés de apenas uma parede divisória em espiral 1 , aumenta significativamente a estabilidade do filme líquido formado na parede 3 do duto 5, justamente por diminuir a quantidade de filme líquido no interior de cada câmara 2 em espiral. [0043] Outra vantagem da invenção em vista do estado da técnica consiste no fato de que, uma vez que todas as paredes helicoidais 1 estendem-se continuamente desde um ponto na parede do tubo 3 até o ponto diametralmente oposto, não é possível formar um vórtice na região central do dispositivo. [0041] Also in this configuration, fluids of lower density tend to concentrate in the most central region of the duct, that is, they flow along each V channel formed by the meeting of the dividing walls 1 more to the center of the coalescing duct 5. By in turn, the fluid drops with higher density flow near the wall 3 of the duct 5 due to the centrifugal effect. [0042] The existence of several longitudinally arranged spiral partition walls 1, instead of just a spiral partition wall 1 , significantly increases the stability of the liquid film formed in the wall 3 of the duct 5, precisely by decreasing the amount of liquid film in the inside each 2 spiral chamber. [0043] Another advantage of the invention in view of the state of the art consists in the fact that, since all the helical walls 1 extend continuously from a point on the tube wall 3 to the diametrically opposite point, it is not possible to form a vortex in the central region of the device.
[0044] Na verdade, como já descrito, é gerado um movimento de corpo rígido para a porção de fluido que escoa na direção axial ao duto 5 bem como um deslocamento radial das partículas menos densas desde o centro do tubo até às paredes 3 do duto 5, pelo efeito centrífugo gerado pela conformação helicoidal das câmaras 2 longitudinais formadas pelas paredes divisórias 1. [0044] In fact, as already described, a rigid body movement is generated for the portion of fluid flowing in the axial direction to the duct 5 as well as a radial displacement of the less dense particles from the center of the tube to the walls 3 of the duct 5, by the centrifugal effect generated by the helical conformation of the longitudinal chambers 2 formed by the dividing walls 1.
[0045] Desta forma, um grande problema encontrado no estado da técnica é evitado, uma vez que o vórtice gerado nos dispositivos encontrados no estado da técnica existe uma forte tendência a cisalhar as gotas que estão se deslocando na região central, ameaçando romper sua integridade e, portanto, boicotando o objetivo primário da invenção, ou seja, formando uma emulsão. [0045] In this way, a major problem found in the prior art is avoided, since the vortex generated in the devices found in the prior art there is a strong tendency to shear the drops that are moving in the central region, threatening to break its integrity and therefore boycotting the primary purpose of the invention, namely, forming an emulsion.
[0046] É importante ressaltar que o fato de a pelo menos uma parede divisória 1 helicoidal dividir o duto 5 em pelo menos duas câmaras 2 isoladas, faz com que o fluido que se desloca em cada câmara 2 fique completamente isolado do fluido que se desloca nas outras câmaras, permitindo uma maior capacidade de separação dos fluidos de diferentes densidades. [0046] It is important to note that the fact that the at least one helical partition wall 1 divides the duct 5 into at least two isolated chambers 2, makes the fluid moving in each chamber 2 completely isolated from the moving fluid in the other chambers, allowing for greater separation capacity for fluids of different densities.
[0047] Assim, fica claro que a invenção ora descrita soluciona de modo inédito os problemas do estado da técnica a que se propõe, a saber, prover um duto coalescedor 5 que possibilite a coalescência de um fluido que compreende pelo menos duas fases imiscíveis, sem que seja gerado um vórtice no interior deste duto 5. [0047] Thus, it is clear that the invention described herein solves in an unprecedented way the problems of the state of the art proposed, namely, to provide a coalescing duct 5 that allows the coalescence of a fluid comprising at least two immiscible phases, without generating a vortex inside this duct 5.

Claims

REIVINDICAÇÕES
1. Duto coalescedor para transporte de fluidos que compreendem pelo menos duas fases imiscíveis caracterizado por compreender pelo menos uma parede divisória (1) longitudinal de formato helicoidal, em que a parede divisória (1) divide o espaço interior do duto em pelo menos duas câmaras longitudinais (2) de formato helicoidal. 1. Coalescing duct for fluid transport comprising at least two immiscible phases characterized in that it comprises at least one longitudinal dividing wall (1) of helical shape, wherein the dividing wall (1) divides the interior space of the duct into at least two chambers longitudinal (2) of helical shape.
2. Duto, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por o duto coalescedor ser aplicado conectando um separador gravitacional a um equipamento de tratamento de emulsão. 2. Pipeline, according to claim 1, characterized in that the coalescing pipe is applied connecting a gravitational separator to an emulsion treatment equipment.
3. Duto, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 ou 2, caracterizado por, em cada seção transversal do duto (5), a pelo menos uma parede divisória (1) helicoidal se estender desde um ponto na parede (3) do duto até um ponto na parede (3) do duto diametralmente oposto ao primeiro. 3. Duct according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in each cross section of the duct (5), the at least one helical partition wall (1) extends from a point in the wall (3) of the duct to a point on the wall (3) of the duct diametrically opposite the first.
4. Duto, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 ou 2, caracterizado por compreender uma pluralidade de paredes divisórias (1) longitudinais de formato helicoidal, em que as paredes divisóriasA duct according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of longitudinal partition walls (1) of helical shape, wherein the partition walls
(1) dividem o espaço interior do duto (5) em uma pluralidade de câmaras (2) longitudinais de formato helicoidal, em que as câmaras(1) divide the inner space of the duct (5) into a plurality of longitudinal chambers (2) of helical shape, in which the chambers
(2) longitudinais helicoidais compreendem uma seção transversal formada por duas paredes divisórias em V e a parede (3) do duto. (2) helical longitudinals comprise a cross section formed by two V-dividing walls and the wall (3) of the duct.
5. Duto, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 4, caracterizado por a pelo menos uma parede divisória (1) longitudinal de formato helicoidal compreender um de: passo fixo; e passo variável. A duct according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one helical-shaped longitudinal dividing wall (1) comprises one of: fixed pitch; and variable pitch.
6. Duto, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 5, caracterizado por cada câmara (2) longitudinal ser fluidicamente isolada. Pipeline according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each longitudinal chamber (2) is fluidly insulated.
PCT/BR2020/050479 2019-11-26 2020-11-17 Coalescing pipe for conveying fluids comprising at least two immiscible phases WO2021102537A1 (en)

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