WO2021098418A1 - Procédé et appareil de coupure d'îlotage d'aéroénérateur avec fonction anti-panne haute-tension - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de coupure d'îlotage d'aéroénérateur avec fonction anti-panne haute-tension Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021098418A1
WO2021098418A1 PCT/CN2020/121286 CN2020121286W WO2021098418A1 WO 2021098418 A1 WO2021098418 A1 WO 2021098418A1 CN 2020121286 W CN2020121286 W CN 2020121286W WO 2021098418 A1 WO2021098418 A1 WO 2021098418A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind turbine
high voltage
measuring point
turbine generator
converter
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PCT/CN2020/121286
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王�华
王剑钊
童彤
任鑫
王恩民
王晨
杨晓峰
赵鹏程
Original Assignee
中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2021098418A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021098418A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and specifically relates to a method and device for cutting out a wind turbine island with a high voltage ride-through function.
  • the high voltage ride-through operating condition refers to the operating condition where the power grid is in a high voltage state.
  • the current high voltage ride-through standard of wind turbines is generally: long-term operation when the grid voltage is lower than 1.1pu, continuous operation for 10s when the grid voltage is between 1.1 ⁇ 1.15pu, continuous operation for 2s when it is between 1.15 ⁇ 1.2pu, and between 1.2 ⁇ 1.25 It can run continuously for 1s at pu, and can run for 200ms at 1.25 ⁇ 1.3pu.
  • Islanding condition refers to the condition where the wind turbine still supplies power to the surrounding loads when the power grid is interrupted due to electrical faults or natural factors. After entering the island state, the active power and reactive power provided by the wind turbine do not match the load demand, which will cause the grid voltage and grid frequency to run out of control and cause damage to the load equipment. At this time, the wind turbine needs to be cut out. The longer the duration of the match between the active power and the reactive power and the load demand under this working condition, the greater the damage to the user's load equipment.
  • high voltage ride-through conditions and islanding conditions need to be distinguished and determined based on changes in grid frequency and grid voltage, and preset fault thresholds.
  • the grid frequency and grid voltage changes under islanding conditions are not regular, it is difficult to distinguish between high voltage ride-through conditions and islanding conditions only by the high voltage disturbance of the grid itself, and it is easy to cause misjudgment of islanding conditions.
  • islanding conditions require the wind turbine to be cut off as soon as possible to protect user load safety, while high voltage ride through conditions require the wind turbine to absorb part of the active power and continue to run, so misjudgment of the islanding condition can easily lead to a large-scale disconnection of the wind turbine or user overload Voltage damage.
  • the present invention provides a wind turbine island cut-out method and device with high voltage ride-through function, which can improve the accuracy of island detection and avoid large-area disconnection of wind turbines or user load overvoltage damage caused by misjudgment. Case.
  • the invention discloses a method for cutting out a wind turbine island with a high voltage ride-through function, which includes the following steps:
  • Step 1) Detect the voltage amplitude on the grid side of the converter of the wind turbine generator set at the measuring point;
  • Step 2) Determine whether the voltage amplitude on the grid side of the converter of the wind turbine generator set at the measuring point is greater than the first high voltage crossing threshold; if so, adjust the reactive current output of the converter of the wind turbine generator set at the measuring point, and proceed to step 3) ; If not, go to step 1);
  • Step 3 After adjusting the reactive current output of the wind turbine converter at the measuring point:
  • the wind turbine generator set at the measuring point is any wind turbine generator set on a power collecting line.
  • step 2) adjusting the reactive current output of the measuring point wind turbine converter includes:
  • the first percentage of the output current of the wind turbine at the measuring point is converted into Reactive current
  • the second percentage of the output current of the wind turbine at the measuring point is converted into Reactive current, the second percentage is greater than the first percentage
  • the third percentage of the output current of the wind turbine generator set at the measurement point is converted into reactive current, and the third percentage Greater than the second percentage.
  • the first high voltage ride through threshold is 1.1 times the grid voltage rating
  • the second high voltage ride through threshold is 1.2 times the grid voltage rating
  • the third high voltage ride through threshold is 1.3 times the grid voltage rating.
  • the first percentage is 10%
  • the second percentage is 50%
  • the third percentage is 70%
  • the invention discloses a device for realizing the above-mentioned method for cutting out the island of a wind turbine with high voltage ride through function.
  • the device includes a detection module, a judgment module, an adjustment module, an island cut out module and a high voltage ride through control module.
  • the detection module is connected to the judgment module ,
  • the judgment module is respectively connected with the adjustment module, the island cut-out module and the high voltage ride through control module;
  • the detection module is used to detect the voltage amplitude on the grid side of the converter of the wind turbine generator set at the measuring point;
  • the judging module is used to judge whether the voltage amplitude on the grid side of the converter of the wind turbine generator set at the measured point is greater than the first high voltage crossing threshold;
  • the adjustment module is used to adjust the reactive current output of the wind turbine converter at the measuring point
  • the island cut-out module is used to cut out all the wind turbines on the collecting line to which the wind turbines at the measuring point belong;
  • the high voltage ride-through control module is used to control all wind turbines on the collecting line to which the wind turbines at the measuring point belong to execute a predetermined high voltage ride through strategy.
  • the detection module is set on the power grid side of the converter of the wind turbine generator set at the measurement point
  • the judgment module is set in the main controller of the wind turbine generator set at the measurement point
  • the adjustment module, the island cut-out module and the high voltage ride-through control module are located in the measurement point. Point in the converter of the wind turbine.
  • the detection module is a voltage transformer.
  • the adjustment module includes a braking unit and a braking resistor.
  • the braking unit includes a number of switching devices.
  • the braking unit is connected to the braking resistor.
  • the braking unit and the braking resistor are set at the measuring point of the wind turbine generator. Between the converter and the grid-side converter.
  • the judgment module includes a PWM controller, and the PWM controller is connected to the braking unit.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
  • the method for cutting out a wind turbine island with a high voltage ride-through function disclosed in the present invention first judges whether the voltage amplitude on the grid side of the converter of the wind turbine generator set at the measured point is greater than the first high voltage ride-through threshold, and when it is greater than By adjusting the reactive current output of the wind turbine converter at the measuring point, the voltage amplitude of the target power grid is reduced, and the target power grid is disturbed at the same time, and then corresponding actions are taken according to the result of the disturbance. On the one hand, the target power grid can be reduced. The voltage amplitude can improve the high-voltage situation of the grid; on the other hand, it can cause an impact on the reactive power balance of the grid.
  • the impact will cause the frequency of the island grid to change, which directly exceeds the normal operating range of the wind turbine, so that the island can be accurately detected.
  • implement the predetermined high voltage ride-through strategy under the high voltage ride-through condition to ensure the normal power supply of the power grid and avoid the large-area disconnection of the wind turbine or user load overvoltage caused by misjudgment Damaged situation.
  • the wind turbine generator set at the measuring point is any wind turbine generator set on a power collecting line, because the disturbances of multiple converters of multiple wind turbine generator sets will affect the detection effect of islanding conditions.
  • the measuring point wind turbine converter sends out active disturbance to judge the islanding condition. If it is judged as the islanding condition, it controls the overall protective tripping of several wind turbines on multiple collecting lines in the power grid, not only does not need to add other electrical Components, and has the advantages of better real-time performance, safety and reliability.
  • This segmented reactive current output rule can improve the power grid based on the actual situation of the power grid. Circumstance, and at the same time, it can control the grid disturbance within a certain range to ensure the safe operation of the wind turbine
  • the selection of the first, second, and third high voltage crossing thresholds is selected according to the withstand voltage level of the electrical components. Within these three threshold ranges, the electrical components operate stably. Time decreases in turn.
  • the disturbance current can have a rapid impact on the wind turbine terminal voltage under islanding conditions
  • the other is that under interconnection conditions, the perturbation current can have a rapid impact on the wind turbine terminal voltage.
  • the influence of the disturbance current on the fan terminal voltage has a certain delay, and the effect is small. This value is calculated based on the field measurement of the wind farm combined with other relevant data.
  • the invention also discloses a device for realizing the above-mentioned method for cutting out the island of a wind turbine with high voltage ride-through function.
  • the accuracy of island detection can be improved, and the large-area disconnection of the wind turbine caused by misjudgment can be avoided. Or the user load is damaged by overvoltage.
  • the voltage transformer is used as the detection module, which can monitor and feedback the fluctuation of the wind turbine terminal voltage.
  • Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for cutting out a wind turbine island with high voltage ride-through function according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the module connection of the wind turbine island cut-out device with high voltage ride-through function according to the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the wind turbine island cut-out device with high voltage ride-through function in the grid-connected structure of the wind turbine according to the present invention.
  • 101 is a wind turbine
  • 102 is a converter
  • 1021 is a machine-side inverter
  • 1022 is a grid-side inverter
  • 1023 is a filter
  • 1024 is a braking unit
  • 1025 is a braking resistor
  • 103 is Low voltage/medium voltage transformer
  • 104 is medium voltage/high voltage transformer.
  • a converter 102, a low-voltage/medium-voltage transformer 103, and a medium-voltage/high-voltage transformer 104 are provided between the wind turbine generator 101 and the power grid.
  • the transformation working interval of the low-voltage/medium voltage transformer 103 is 0.69kV/35kV
  • the transformation working interval of the medium-voltage/high voltage transformer 104 is 035kV/220kV.
  • the converter 102 includes a generator-side inverter 1021, a grid-side inverter 1022, and a filter 1023 in sequence from the generator side to the grid side.
  • the machine-side inverter 1021 is used to rectify the three-phase AC power generated by the wind turbine generator 101, and the grid-side inverter 1022 is used to re-convert the rectified DC power into three-phase AC power and integrate it into the power grid.
  • the filter 1023 is used to generate reactive power.
  • a braking unit 1024 and a braking resistor 1025 are also provided on the line between the machine-side inverter 1021 and the grid-side inverter 1022.
  • the braking unit 1024 includes a plurality of switching devices, and the braking unit 1024 drives the switching devices on and off through a PWM signal to control the active power consumed by the braking resistor 1025.
  • the figure also shows a voltage transformer on the grid side of the filter 1023, which is used to collect three-phase voltage signals (U a , U b , U c ), and according to the three-phase voltage signals (U a , U b , U c) ) The voltage amplitude of the power grid can be calculated.
  • Figure 2 is a wind turbine island cutout device with high voltage ride through function, including detection module, judgment module, adjustment module, island cutout module and high voltage ride through control module.
  • the detection module is connected to the judgment module, and the judgment module is connected to the adjustment module respectively.
  • the island cut-out module is connected with the high voltage ride through control module; the detection module is used to detect the voltage amplitude on the grid side of the converter of the wind turbine generator set at the measurement point; the judgment module is used to determine the detected measurement point of the wind turbine generator Whether the voltage amplitude on the grid side of the converter is greater than the first high voltage crossing threshold; the adjustment module is used to adjust the reactive current output of the wind turbine converter at the measuring point; the island cut-out module is used to generate wind power at the measuring point All wind turbine generator sets on the collection line to which the unit belongs perform the cut-out operation; the high voltage ride through control module is used to control all wind turbine generator sets on the collection line to which the measuring point wind generator set belongs to implement a predetermined high voltage ride through strategy.
  • the detection module is set on the power grid side of the converter of the wind turbine generator set at the measurement point
  • the judgment module is set in the main controller of the wind turbine generator set at the measurement point
  • the adjustment module, island cut-out module and high voltage ride-through control module are located at the measurement point wind power generation In the converter of the unit.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method for cutting out islands of wind turbines with high voltage ride-through function according to the present invention. Firstly, it is determined whether the voltage amplitude on the grid side of the converter of the detected measuring point of the wind turbine is greater than the first high voltage crossing threshold. If not, continue to detect the voltage amplitude on the grid side of the converter of the wind turbine generator set at the measurement point. If yes, adjust the reactive current output of the prototype converter to reduce the voltage amplitude of the target grid at the same time Disturb the target grid.
  • adjusting the reactive current output of the prototype converter can be understood as the prototype sending inductive reactive power to the grid, which can reduce the voltage amplitude of the target grid and improve the high voltage situation of the grid; it is also equivalent to disturbing the target grid , That is, a certain degree of disturbance to the power grid.
  • the embodiment of the present invention proposes to select any one wind turbine generator only on one power collecting line. As a prototype, to monitor and find high-voltage conditions and send disturbances through the prototype converter.
  • 1.1pu can be used as the first high voltage ride through threshold, that is, 110% of the grid voltage rating. If the voltage amplitudes of the three phases of the target grid are all greater than 1.1pu, the system can trigger the current The working condition is judged. Specifically, the three-phase voltage signal (U a , U b , U c ) on the grid side of the prototype converter can be obtained, and the voltage amplitude calculated based on the three-phase voltage signal (U a , U b , U c) As the voltage amplitude of the detected target grid. It should be noted that the three-phase voltage signal (U a , U b , U c ) can be calculated to obtain the grid voltage amplitude and the grid frequency of the three phases.
  • the safe frequency range refers to the frequency range of the fan during normal operation, which can be 49.5Hz ⁇ 50.5Hz.
  • the grid frequency monitored by all wind turbines on the power collection line exceeds 49.5Hz ⁇ 50.5Hz, the wind turbines should be quickly cut out from the island state to avoid large-scale disconnection of the wind turbines and User load over-voltage damage.
  • This operation can adjust the reactive current output of the converter of the point measuring machine when the voltage amplitude of the target power grid is greater than the first high voltage crossing threshold. On the one hand, it can reduce the voltage amplitude of the target power grid and improve the high-voltage situation of the power grid; on the other hand, it can produce a certain degree of disturbance to the power grid, which will impact the reactive power balance of the power grid. Due to the impact, the frequency of the islanding grid will change, which directly exceeds the normal operating range of the wind turbine, so that the islanding condition can be accurately detected.
  • the first percentage of the output current of the prototype is converted into reactive current . If the voltage amplitude on the grid side of the converter of the wind turbine generator set at the measuring point is greater than the second high voltage crossing threshold and less than the third high voltage crossing threshold, the second percentage of the output current of the prototype is converted into reactive current . If the voltage amplitude of the voltage amplitude on the grid side of the converter of the wind turbine generator set at the measuring point is greater than the third high voltage crossing threshold, the third percentage of the output current of the prototype is converted into a reactive current.
  • 1.2p.u. can be used as the second high voltage ride-through threshold, that is, 120% of the grid voltage rating
  • 1.3p.u. can be used as the third high voltage ride-through threshold, that is, 130% of the grid voltage rating.
  • the first percentage is 10%
  • the second percentage is 50%
  • the third percentage is 70%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention appartient au domaine technique de la production d'énergie éolienne, et concerne un procédé et un appareil de coupure d'îlotage d'aérogénérateur avec une fonction anti-panne haute-tension. Le procédé consiste à : déterminer d'abord si une amplitude de tension détectée est supérieure à un premier seuil anti-panne haute-tension ou ; si l'amplitude de tension détectée est supérieure au premier seuil anti-panne haute-tension, ajuster une sortie de courant réactif pour réduire une amplitude de tension d'un réseau d'alimentation cible, et perturber simultanément le réseau d'alimentation cible ; puis prendre des opérations correspondantes en fonction du résultat perturbé pour réduire l'amplitude de tension du réseau électrique cible et améliorer la situation haute-tension du réseau électrique. D'autre part, le procédé a un impact sur l'équilibre de puissance réactive du réseau électrique. Au fur et à mesure que l'impact change la fréquence d'isolation de réseau électrique qui dépasse directement la plage de fonctionnement normale d'un aérogénérateur, la condition de travail d'isolation peut être détectée avec précision et une coupure opportune est effectuée pour protéger la sécurité de charge utilisateur. Dans la condition anti-panne haute-tension, la stratégie anti-panne haute-tension prédéfinie est mise en oeuvre pour assurer l'alimentation électrique normale du réseau électrique et éviter la situation de dégâts de surtension de charge utilisateur ou hors-ligne de grande zone causés par un mauvais jugement.
PCT/CN2020/121286 2019-11-18 2020-10-15 Procédé et appareil de coupure d'îlotage d'aéroénérateur avec fonction anti-panne haute-tension WO2021098418A1 (fr)

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CN201911130194.6A CN110768297A (zh) 2019-11-18 2019-11-18 一种具备高电压穿越功能的风电机组孤岛切出方法及装置
CN201911130194.6 2019-11-18

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CN110768297A (zh) * 2019-11-18 2020-02-07 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 一种具备高电压穿越功能的风电机组孤岛切出方法及装置

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