WO2021098216A1 - 一种沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021098216A1
WO2021098216A1 PCT/CN2020/099420 CN2020099420W WO2021098216A1 WO 2021098216 A1 WO2021098216 A1 WO 2021098216A1 CN 2020099420 W CN2020099420 W CN 2020099420W WO 2021098216 A1 WO2021098216 A1 WO 2021098216A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
asphalt mixture
tire
noise
mixture sample
test
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PCT/CN2020/099420
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
安丰伟
韩超
宣有金
吴春颖
韦武举
宋国森
刘伟
李强
高壮元
丁志群
卢勇
王梁洲
唐伟
夏永
陈宁
吴心航
刘文科
徐金玉
熊文涛
Original Assignee
苏交科集团股份有限公司
连云港市交通集团有限公司
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Publication of WO2021098216A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021098216A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N19/00Investigating materials by mechanical methods

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  • Asphalt pavement has the advantages of good flatness, high driving comfort, convenient construction, and convenient maintenance. It is the main pavement type of high-grade highways at present. In recent years, with the gradual improvement of economic living standards, people's requirements for pavement are getting higher and higher, and asphalt pavement is constantly changing from the use type to the function type. How to pave a new type of road surface that is green, environmentally friendly, sustainable, has specific functions such as anti-rutting, long life, melting ice and snow, and reducing noise is a new trend in asphalt pavement construction.
  • the technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a device and method for testing the ice melting effect and noise of an asphalt mixture to improve the economy and practicability of the ice melting effect and noise test of the asphalt mixture.
  • one aspect of this application provides a device for testing the ice melting effect and noise of asphalt mixtures, which includes a sound-proof temperature-controlled environmental box, in which a refrigeration device and a heat-preserving device are provided for Simulate road icing environment; the bottom of the sound insulation temperature control environment box is provided with a test bench, and the test bench is fixed with an asphalt mixture sample; the sound insulation temperature control environment box is also provided with a tire fixing member, the tire A standard tire is fixed on the fixing member, and the standard tire is fixed at a certain distance directly above the asphalt mixture sample.
  • the tire fixing member is opened, the standard tire falls from a certain height to the
  • a camera and a noise tester are also arranged in the sound insulation temperature control environment box.
  • the lens of the camera is aligned with the surface of the asphalt mixture sample in contact with the standard tire.
  • the tester is used to measure the sound when the standard tire touches the asphalt mixture sample; the height of the tire fixing member from the asphalt mixture sample can be adjusted.
  • a tire support frame is fixed on the asphalt mixture sample, and the tire support frame is arranged on both sides of the standard tire's landing point to support the standard tire to prevent it from falling, and the tire supports
  • a sound insulation cover is provided at the position where the rack contacts the standard tire.
  • a backing plate is provided between the asphalt mixture sample and the test bench, and the backing plate is used to eliminate noise between the asphalt mixture sample and the test bench.
  • the tire fixing member includes a support rod, a supporting plate, a linear bearing, a driving cylinder, and a positioning member;
  • the supporting plate is provided with two groups, and one end of the supporting plate of the two groups is hinged with the linear bearing, the two linear bearings are sleeved on the supporting rod, and one end of the driving cylinder is connected to the linear bearing.
  • the supporting plate is hinged, and the other end is hinged on the linear bearing to drive the opening and closing of the two supporting plates.
  • the positioning member is fixed on the linear bearing, and the position is realized by connecting with the supporting rod. The positioning of the linear bearing on the support rod.
  • Another aspect of the present application provides a method for testing the melting effect of asphalt mixtures, which includes the following steps:
  • the asphalt mixture sample was photographed again, and the image data was output through the computer to analyze the ice breakage condition and crushing rate on the surface of the asphalt mixture sample under the standard tire.
  • the asphalt mixture sample is formed by a wheel rolling method.
  • each asphalt mixture sample is subjected to at least 6 parallel tests, and the height of the standard tire can be adjusted.
  • This application also provides a noise test method for asphalt mixture, which includes the following steps:
  • each asphalt mixture sample is subjected to at least 6 parallel tests, and the average value is taken as the test result.
  • the application simulates the environment when the vehicle is driving on the asphalt mixture road through the collision of the standard tire with the asphalt mixture sample when the standard tire is falling.
  • the structure is simple and the price is economical and practical.
  • it can test the ice melting effect and It can test the noise of the road; through the adjustment of the landing height of the standard tires, it can simulate vehicles of various specifications.
  • the test is simple and convenient, without complicated calculations, and convenient for engineering applications.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for testing the ice melting effect and noise of an asphalt mixture in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tire fixing member in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the tire fixing member is opened in the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of ice melting effect test in an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the preparation process of the asphalt mixture sample in the embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the noise test in an embodiment of the application.
  • the device and test method mainly simulate the impact noise generated by the collision between the tire and the road surface, the noise generated by the air pump pressure between the tire pattern gap and the road surface, and the impact stress caused by the collision between the tire and the road surface.
  • the condition of broken ice on the road surface It is mainly used to evaluate the tire/road noise test of porous asphalt mixture and elastic asphalt mixture, as well as the ice melting effect test of elastic asphalt mixture and hydrophobic asphalt mixture.
  • the asphalt mixture ice melting effect and noise testing device includes: a soundproof temperature-controlled environment box 10, the soundproof temperature-controlled environment box 10 is provided with a refrigeration device and a heat preservation device; the bottom of the soundproof temperature-controlled environment box 10 is provided
  • the test bench 20 has an asphalt mixture sample 21 fixed on the test bench 20; a tire fixing member 30 is also provided in the sound insulation temperature control environment box 10, and a standard tire 31 is fixed on the tire fixing member 30, and the standard tire 31 is fixed on the asphalt At a certain distance directly above the mixture sample 21, when the tire fixing member 30 is opened, the standard tire 31 falls from a certain height onto the asphalt mixture sample 21.
  • the soundproof temperature control environment box 10 is also provided with a camera 40 and The noise tester 50, the lens of the camera 40 is aimed at the surface of the asphalt mixture sample 21 and the standard tire 31, and the noise tester 50 is used to measure the sound when the standard tire 31 touches the asphalt mixture sample 21; the tire is fixed The height of the piece 30 from the asphalt mixture test piece 21 can be adjusted.
  • the refrigeration device and the heat preservation device inside the soundproof temperature-controlled environmental box 10 are both existing technologies, such as an air conditioner, as long as the temperature can be adjusted to the test temperature and the temperature remains unchanged.
  • sound insulation materials are arranged inside the sound insulation temperature-controlled environment box 10 to isolate external noise, so as to reduce the influence of external factors during the noise test.
  • the soundproof temperature control environment box 10, the camera 40, and the noise tester 50 are all connected to a computer.
  • the soundproof temperature control environment box 10 can set the temperature through the computer, and the detection results of the camera 40 and the noise tester 50 are also It can be transferred to a computer for record comparison and analysis to get the results.
  • the area occupied by the device is greatly reduced, and only the landing and impact of standard tires are required to realize the simulation of vehicle driving on the road.
  • the area requirement is greatly reduced, and the occupied space of the device is further reduced, thereby saving the resources used by the device and reducing the cost.
  • the set camera 40 and noise tester 50 can test two functions at the same time without any adjustment, which greatly reduces the limitation of road function testing. It improves the economy and practicability.
  • a tire support frame 211 is fixed on the asphalt mixture sample 21.
  • the tire support frame 211 is arranged on both sides of the landing point of the standard tire 31 to support the standard tire 31. It is prevented from toppling, and a sound insulation cover 2111 is provided at a position on the tire support frame 211 that is in contact with the standard tire 31. What needs to be pointed out here is that the function of the tire support frame 211 is to prevent the standard tire 31 from falling over and causing a secondary collision on the asphalt mixture sample 21, resulting in inaccurate test results.
  • the tire support frame 211 is provided on both sides of the standard tire 31.
  • the tire fixing member 30 includes a support rod 301, a supporting plate 302, a linear bearing 303, a driving cylinder 304, and a positioning member 305;
  • the supporting plate 302 is provided with two groups, and one end of the two groups of supporting plates 302 is hinged to the linear bearing 303, and the two linear bearings 303 are sleeved on the supporting rod 301.
  • One end of the driving cylinder 304 is hinged to the supporting plate 302, and the other end is hinged to the supporting plate 302. It is hinged on the linear bearing 303 to drive the opening and closing of the two supporting plates 302.
  • the positioning member 305 is fixed on the linear bearing 303, and the positioning of the linear bearing 303 on the support rod 301 is realized by the connection with the support rod 301.
  • the two linear bearings 303 sleeved on the support rod 301 are hinged to the supporting plate 302 through two articulated driving cylinders 304, and the two supporting plates 302 are simultaneously driven by the two driving cylinders 304.
  • the positioning member 305 can pass through one side of the linear bearing 303, and the positioning member 305 can be a bolt or a positioning pin. The bolt is pressed to realize the positioning of the linear bearing 303 on the support rod 301.
  • the hole positions on the rod 301 are matched to realize the positioning of the linear bearing 303 on the support rod 301.
  • the method for testing the ice melting effect of the green mixture includes the following steps:
  • S11 Adjust the temperature in the soundproof temperature control environment box to the experimental temperature; in this embodiment, set the environment temperature of the soundproof temperature control box to -3 ⁇ -5°C, and keep the temperature inside the box for 4 hours to ensure the test piece and The device temperature is consistent with the set test temperature.
  • the asphalt mixture sample is formed by the wheel rolling method.
  • the steps for preparing asphalt mixture specimens by the wheel rolling method are as follows:
  • each asphalt mixture sample is subjected to at least 6 parallel tests, and the average value is taken as the test result.
  • the embodiment of the application also provides a method for testing noise of asphalt mixture, as shown in FIG. 6, including the following steps:
  • each asphalt mixture sample is subjected to at least 6 parallel tests, and the average value is taken as the test result.
  • the device of this application When using the device of this application in the examples of this application, it can effectively simulate the effect of different types of road ice melting and test the noise value of different indoor asphalt mixtures. At the same time, it can also simulate vehicles of various specifications by adjusting the height of standard tires. The ice melting effect and noise level of the road surface under different loads are quantitatively analyzed.
  • the equipment is simple in structure, easy to transport and store, and has the characteristics of low cost, fast, simple and intuitive, easy to test, and no cumbersome calculations.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置及方法。测试装置包括:隔音温控环境箱(10),隔音温控环境箱(10)内设置有制冷装置和保温装置,用于模拟路面结冰环境;隔音温控环境箱(10)底部设置有试验台(20),试验台(20)上固定有沥青混合料试件(21);隔音温控环境箱(10)内还设置有轮胎固定件(30),轮胎固定件(30)上固定有标准轮胎(31),标准轮胎(31)被固定在沥青混合料试件(21)的正上方,轮胎固定件(30)开启时,标准轮胎(31)从一定高度掉落至沥青混合料试件(21)上,隔音温控环境箱(10)内还设置有摄像头(40)和噪声测试仪(50),摄像头(40)的镜头对准沥青混合料试件(21)与标准轮胎(31)接触的表面,噪声测试仪(50)用于测量标准轮胎(31)与沥青混合料试件(21)触碰时的声音;轮胎固定件(30)距离沥青混合料试件的高度可调整设置。

Description

一种沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置及方法
本申请要求于2019年11月22日提交至中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201911157569.8、发明名称为“一种沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置及方法”的专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本申请涉及沥青混合料路面测试技术领域,尤其涉及一种沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置及方法。
背景技术
沥青路面具有平整度好,行车舒适性高,施工便捷,养护维修方便等优点,是目前高等级公路的主要路面类型。近年来,随着经济生活水平的逐渐提高,人们对路面的要求也越来越高,沥青路面正在从使用型不断向功能型转变。如何铺筑绿色环保的,可持续的,具有抗车辙、长寿命、融冰雪及降噪声等特定功能的新型路面,是当下沥青路面建设的新趋势。
对于城市道路而言,具有融冰、降噪功能的路面已成为目前沥青路面铺装研究与应用的焦点问题。究其原因主要有以下两个方面:一方面,由于我国大部分地处北温带,大部分地区冬季均会出现凝冰现象,尤其是在低温雨雪期间,路面抗滑性能急剧下降,会导致行驶车辆打滑、制动距离显著延长,甚至刹车失灵、方向失控等现象,交通事故频发;另一方面,随着我国城市化进程不断加快和城市快速交通地迅猛发展,交通噪声问题越来越凸显。交通噪声具有强度高、覆盖面大、影响范围广等特点,严重干扰着沿线居民的生活、休息和教学等。
基于上述背景,一系列的路面抗凝冰、降噪技术应运而生,而新技术的开发实施必然要配备相应的检测评价技术手段及设备。综合国内外现有沥青路面 融冰降噪技术研究可以发现,虽然目前融雪效果评价以及噪声测试的试验方法多种多样,但尚无标准的测试与评价方法,这些方法但往往功能单一,且均存在一定的局限性,或是价格昂贵,经济性差,或是需要专业的仪器设备,实用性不足。
鉴于上述问题的存在,本设计人基于从事此类产品工程应用多年丰富的实务经验及专业知识,并配合学理的运用,积极加以研究创新,以期创设一种沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置及方法,使其更具有实用性。
发明内容
本申请所要解决的技术问题是:提供一种沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置及方法,提高沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试的经济性与实用性。
为了达到上述目的,本申请一方面提供了一种沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置,包括:隔音温控环境箱,所述隔音温控环境箱内设置有制冷装置和保温装置,用于模拟路面结冰环境;所述隔音温控环境箱底部设置有试验台,所述试验台上固定有沥青混合料试件;所述隔音温控环境箱内还设置有轮胎固定件,所述轮胎固定件上固定有标准轮胎,所述标准轮胎被固定在所述沥青混合料试件的正上方的一定距离处,所述轮胎固定件开启时,所述标准轮胎从一定高度掉落至所述沥青混合料试件上,所述隔音温控环境箱内还设置有摄像头和噪声测试仪,所述摄像头的镜头对准所述沥青混合料试件与所述标准轮胎接触的表面,所述噪声测试仪用于测量所述标准轮胎与所述沥青混合料试件触碰时的声音;所述轮胎固定件距离所述沥青混合料试件的高度可调整设置。
优选地,所述沥青混合料试件上固定有轮胎支撑架,所述轮胎支撑架设置在所述标准轮胎降落点的两侧,用于支撑所述标准轮胎防止其倾倒,且所述轮胎支撑架上与所述标准轮胎的接触的位置处设置有隔音套。
优选地,所述沥青混合料试件与所述试验台之间设置有垫板,所述垫板用于消除所述沥青混合料试件与所述试验台之间的噪声。
优选地,所述轮胎固定件包括支撑杆、承托板、直线轴承、驱动气缸和定 位件;
所述承托板设置有两组,且两组所述承托板的一端均与所述直线轴承铰接,两所述直线轴承套设在所述支撑杆上,所述驱动气缸一端与所述承托板铰接,另一端铰接在所述直线轴承上,以驱动两所述承托板的打开与闭合,所述定位件固定在所述直线轴承上,通过与所述支撑杆的连接实现所述直线轴承在所述支撑杆上的定位。
优选地,所述支撑杆上设置有刻度尺。
本申请的另一方面提供了一种沥青混合料融冰效果测试方法,包括以下步骤:
调整隔音温控环境箱内的温度至实验温度;
将沥青混合料进行结冰设置,并固定在试验台上,并进行第一次拍摄;
放置标准轮胎于沥青混合料试件上方的轮胎固定件上,开启轮胎固定件使所述标准轮胎下落至所述沥青混合料试件上;
对沥青混合料试件再次进行拍摄,通过电脑输出图像数据,分析标准轮胎下落后沥青混合料试件表面冰层破碎状况及破碎率。
优选地,所述沥青混合料试件采用轮碾法成型。
优选地,在测试时,每个沥青混合料试件至少进行6次平行试验,且可以调整所述标准轮胎的高度。
本申请还提供了一种沥青混合料噪声测试方法,包括以下步骤:
放置标准轮胎于沥青混合料试件上方的轮胎固定件上;
记录所述标准轮胎自由落体前的高度;
开启轮胎固定件使所述标准轮胎下落至所述沥青混合料试件上,同时开启噪声测试仪,记录所述标准轮胎下落至所述沥青混合料试件上触碰过程产生的噪声数值。
优选地,在测试时,每个沥青混合料试件至少进行6次平行试验,并取其平均值为测试结果。
本申请的有益效果为:本申请通过标准轮胎降落时与沥青混合料试件的撞击模拟车辆在沥青混合料路面行驶时的环境,结构简单价格经济实用性强,同时既可以测试融冰效果又可以测试路面的噪声;通过标准轮胎降落高度的调整可以模拟多种规格的车辆,测试简单方便,无繁琐计算,便于工程应用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请中记载的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例中沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置的结构示意图;
图2为本申请实施例中轮胎固定件的结构示意图;
图3为本申请实施例中轮胎固定件打开时的结构示意图;
图4为本申请实施例中融冰效果测试的流程图;
图5为本申请实施例中沥青混合料试件的制备工艺流程图;
图6为本申请实施例中噪声测试的流程图。
附图标记:10、隔音温控环境箱;20、试验台;21、沥青混合料试件;211、轮胎支撑架;2111、隔音套;30、轮胎固定件;31、标准轮胎;40、摄像头;50、噪声测试仪;201、垫板;301、支撑杆;302、承托板;303、直线轴承;304、驱动气缸;305、定位件;306、刻度尺。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。
需要指出的是,该装置和测试方法,主要模拟轮胎与路面碰撞过程产生的冲击噪声及轮胎花纹间隙与路面之间空气泵压-抽吸产生噪声,以及轮胎与路 面碰撞过程形成冲击应力而导致路面冰层破碎的情况。主要适用于评价多孔沥青混合料和弹性沥青混合料的轮胎/路面噪音测试,以及弹性沥青混合料及疏水类沥青混合料的融冰效果测试。
如图1所示的沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置,包括:隔音温控环境箱10,隔音温控环境箱10内设置有制冷装置和保温装置;隔音温控环境箱10底部设置有试验台20,试验台20上固定有沥青混合料试件21;隔音温控环境箱10内还设置有轮胎固定件30,轮胎固定件30上固定有标准轮胎31,标准轮胎31被固定在沥青混合料试件21的正上方的一定距离处,轮胎固定件30开启时,标准轮胎31从一定高度掉落至沥青混合料试件21上,隔音温控环境箱10内还设置有摄像头40和噪声测试仪50,摄像头40的镜头对准沥青混合料试件21与标准轮胎31接触的表面,噪声测试仪50用于测量标准轮胎31与沥青混合料试件21触碰时的声音;轮胎固定件30距离沥青混合料试件21的高度可调整设置。
在上述实施例中,隔音温控环境箱10内部的制冷装置与保温装置均为现有技术,例如空调,只要能实现将温度调节至试验温度并保持温度不变即可。同时隔音温控环境箱10内部设置有隔音材料,将外界噪声隔绝,以减少噪声测试时外界因素的影响。在本申请实施例中,隔音温控环境箱10、摄像头40和噪声测试仪50均与电脑连接,隔音温控环境箱10可通过电脑设定温度,摄像头40与噪声测试仪50的检测结果也可以传输至电脑上进行记录对比分析得出结果。通过沥青混合料试件21的使用,大大减小了装置占用的场地面积,而且仅需通过标准轮胎的降落撞击实现车辆在路面行驶的模拟,与轮胎滚动相比,对沥青混合料试件的面积要求大大降低,也进一步降低了装置的占用空间,从而节约了装置使用的资源,降低了成本。通过高度的调节来模拟不同规格的车辆,同时还可以调节温度模拟各种环境,设置的摄像头40与噪声测试仪50可以同时测试两种功能而无需做任何调整,大大减少了路面功能测试的局限性,提高了经济性与实用性。
作为上述实施例的优选,请继续参照图1,沥青混合料试件21上固定有轮胎支撑架211,轮胎支撑架211设置在标准轮胎31降落点的两侧,用于支撑所述标准轮胎31防止其倾倒,且轮胎支撑架211上与标准轮胎31的接触的位置处设置有隔音套2111。这里需要指出的是,轮胎支撑架211的作用在于防止标准轮胎31降落后倾倒对沥青混合料试件21造成二次碰撞从而导致测试结果不准确,在标准轮胎31两侧设置轮胎支撑架211,对标准轮胎31的两侧进行支撑,防止了标准轮胎31落下后的倾斜倒下,而隔音套2111的设置则减少了标准轮胎31与轮胎支撑架211接触产生的噪音,减少了对噪音测试的影响,提高测试的准确度。作为上述实施例的优选,请继续参照图1,沥青混合料试件21与试验台20之间设置有垫板201,垫板201用于消除沥青混合料试件21与试验台20之间的噪声。这里需要指出的是,垫板201为消音板,用于消除沥青混合料试件21与试验台之间由于振动而产生的噪声,降低噪声测试仪50测试时的影响。
作为上述实施例的优选,如图2所示,轮胎固定件30包括支撑杆301、承托板302、直线轴承303、驱动气缸304和定位件305;
承托板302设置有两组,且两组承托板302的一端均与直线轴承303铰接,两直线轴承303套设在支撑杆301上,驱动气缸304一端与承托板302铰接,另一端铰接在直线轴承303上,以驱动两承托板302的打开与闭合,定位件305固定在直线轴承303上,通过与支撑杆301的连接实现直线轴承303在支撑杆301上的定位。
在上述实施例中,套设在支撑杆301上的两直线轴承303通过两个铰接的驱动气缸304与承托板302铰接,通过两个驱动气缸304的同时驱动将两扇承托板302同时打开或者关闭,如图3所示,打开时,两扇承托板302的打开空间大于标准轮胎31的尺寸,从而使得标准轮胎31降落。而定位件305可以穿过直线轴承303的一侧,定位件305可以是螺栓也可以是定位销,螺栓通过挤压实现直线轴承303在支撑杆301上的定位,定位销可以通过与设置在支撑杆 301上的孔位配合实现直线轴承303在支撑杆301的定位。
作为上述实施例的优选,支撑杆301上设置有刻度尺306。刻度尺306的设置可以提高标准轮胎31降落高度的记录,测量结果更加精准,这里需要指出的是,刻度也可以直接刻印在支撑杆301上,节约资源,提高装置的利用率。
本申请实施例的以下部分,对青混合料融冰效果测试方法,如图4所示,包括以下步骤:
S11:调整隔音温控环境箱内的温度至实验温度;在本实施例中,设置隔音温控箱的环境温度为-3~-5℃,并且保持箱内低温4小时,以保证试件及装置温度与设定试验温度一致。
S12:将沥青混合料试件进行表面结冰处置,并将其固定在试验台上,对其表面进行第一次拍摄;
这里需要指出的是,结冰环境可以在其他冰箱里实施,同时可以根据模拟需要设置结冰层厚度。
S13:放置标准轮胎于沥青混合料试件上方的轮胎固定件上,开启轮胎固定件使标准轮胎下落至沥青混合料试件上;标准轮胎掉落后,轮胎面与沥青混合料试件接触。
S14:对沥青混合料试件表面再次进行拍摄,通过电脑输出图像数据,分析标准轮胎下落后沥青混合料试件表面冰层破碎状况及破碎率。
作为上述实施例的优选,沥青混合料试件采用轮碾法成型。具体的,如图5所示,轮碾法制备沥青混合料试件的步骤如下:
S21:将矿料放置于烘箱中加热,并预热试模、拌锅和碾压轮;
S22:再将矿料和沥青在拌和锅中混合搅拌;拌和后放置烘箱中老化一段时间,同时准备好预热过的试模,在试模中铺入一张裁好的普通纸,使其底部与侧面均能被纸隔离。将沥青混合料均匀地沿试模由边至中的顺序,转圈装入铺好纸的试模中,使得中部略高于四周;
S23:用预热的小型击实锤由边至中转圈夯实一遍,整平成凸圆弧形。
S24:插入温度计观察温度是否满足要求,温度达到要求时在混合料表面铺一张裁好的普通纸。其后,将混合料连同试模放置在轮碾机平台上,轻轻放下碾压轮,调节好总荷载。启动轮碾机,先在一个方向碾压2个往返,卸荷,再抬起碾压轮,将试件调转方向,再加相同荷载碾压至马歇尔标准密度100%±1%为止。
S25:压实成型后,揭去表面的纸,用粉笔在试件表面表明碾压方向,连同试模置室温下放置不少于12小时后脱模。
作为上述实施例的优选,为了提高测试精度,在测试时,每个沥青混合料试件至少进行6次平行试验,并取其平均值为测试结果。
通过上述方法,可以成型不同类型混合料进行试验,从而测试不同路面类型的破冰效果。本申请实施例还提供了一种沥青混合料噪声测试方法,如图6所示,包括以下步骤:
S31:放置标准轮胎于沥青混合料试件上方的轮胎固定件上;
S32:记录标准轮胎自由落体前的高度;
S33:开启轮胎固定件使标准轮胎下落至沥青混合料试件上,同时开启噪声测试仪,记录标准轮胎下落至沥青混合料试件上产生的噪声数值。
作为上述实施例的优选,为了提高测试精度,在测试时,每个沥青混合料试件至少进行6次平行试验,并取其平均值为测试结果。
本申请实施例中使用本申请装置时,可有效模拟不同类型路面融冰效果并测试出室内不同沥青混合料的噪声数值,同时,还可以通过调整标准轮胎的高度模拟多种规格的车辆,对不同荷载下路面的融冰效果和噪声大小进行定量分析。设备构造简单,易于运输和存放,同时具备成本低、快速、简单直观、测试方便、无繁琐计算的特点。
本行业的技术人员应该了解,本申请不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本申请的原理,在不脱离本申请精神和范围的前提下,本申请还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本申请 范围内。本申请要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置,其中,包括:隔音温控环境箱(10),所述隔音温控环境箱(10)内设置有制冷装置和保温装置,所述隔音温控环境箱(10)底部设置有试验台(20),所述试验台(20)上固定有沥青混合料试件(21);所述隔音温控环境箱(10)内还设置有轮胎固定件(30),所述轮胎固定件(30)上固定有标准轮胎(31),所述标准轮胎(31)被固定在所述沥青混合料试件(21)的上方,所述轮胎固定件(30)开启时,所述标准轮胎(31)掉落至所述沥青混合料试件(21)上,所述隔音温控环境箱(10)内还设置有摄像头(40)和噪声测试仪(50),所述摄像头(40)的镜头对准所述沥青混合料试件(21)与所述标准轮胎(31)接触的位置,所述噪声测试仪(50)用于测量所述标准轮胎(31)与所述沥青混合料试件(21)触碰时的声音;所述轮胎固定件(30)距离所述沥青混合料试件(21)的高度可调整设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置,其中,所述沥青混合料试件(21)上固定有轮胎支撑架(211),所述轮胎支撑架(211)设置在所述标准轮胎(31)降落点的两侧,用于支撑所述标准轮胎(31)防止其倾倒,且所述轮胎支撑架(211)上与所述标准轮胎(31)的接触的位置处设置有隔音套(2111)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置,其中,所述沥青混合料试件(21)与所述试验台(20)之间设置有垫板(201),所述垫板(201)用于消除所述沥青混合料试件(21)与所述试验台(20)之间的噪声。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置,其中,所述轮胎固定件(30)包括支撑杆(301)、承托板(302)、直线轴承(303)、驱动气缸(304)和定位件(305);
    所述承托板(302)设置有两组,且两组所述承托板(302)的一端均与所 述直线轴承(303)铰接,两所述直线轴承(303)套设在所述支撑杆(301)上,所述驱动气缸(304)一端与所述承托板(302)铰接,另一端铰接在所述直线轴承(303)上,以驱动两所述承托板(302)的打开与闭合,所述定位件(305)固定在所述直线轴承(303)上,通过与所述支撑杆(301)连接实现所述直线轴承(303)在所述支撑杆(301)上的定位。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的沥青混合料融冰效果与噪声测试装置,其中,所述支撑杆(301)上设置有刻度尺(306)。
  6. 一种沥青混合料融冰效果测试方法,其中,包括以下步骤:
    调整隔音温控环境箱内的温度至实验温度;
    将沥青混合料进行结冰设置,并固定在试验台上,并进行第一次拍摄;
    放置标准轮胎于沥青混合料试件上方的轮胎固定件上,开启轮胎固定件使所述标准轮胎下落至所述沥青混合料试件上;
    对沥青混合料试件再次进行拍摄,通过电脑输出图像数据,分析标准轮胎下落后沥青混合料试件表面冰层破碎状况及破碎率。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的沥青混合料融冰效果测试方法,其中,所述沥青混合料试件采用轮碾法成型。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的沥青混合料融冰效果测试方法,其中,在测试时,每个沥青混合料试件至少进行6次平行试验,且可以调整所述标准轮胎的高度、用水量及凝冰时间进行定性分析。
  9. 一种沥青混合料噪声测试方法,其中,包括以下步骤:
    放置标准轮胎于沥青混合料试件上方的轮胎固定件上;
    记录所述标准轮胎自由落体前的高度;
    开启轮胎固定件使所述标准轮胎下落至所述沥青混合料试件上,同时开启噪声测试仪,记录所述标准轮胎下落至所述沥青混合料试件上触碰过程产生的噪声数值。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的沥青混合料噪声测试方法,其中,在测试时, 每个沥青混合料试件至少进行6次平行试验,并取其平均值为测试结果。
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