WO2021097615A1 - 触觉反馈模组、薄膜键盘及电子设备 - Google Patents

触觉反馈模组、薄膜键盘及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021097615A1
WO2021097615A1 PCT/CN2019/119198 CN2019119198W WO2021097615A1 WO 2021097615 A1 WO2021097615 A1 WO 2021097615A1 CN 2019119198 W CN2019119198 W CN 2019119198W WO 2021097615 A1 WO2021097615 A1 WO 2021097615A1
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layer
tactile feedback
feedback module
conductive electrode
conductive
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PCT/CN2019/119198
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于国华
胡盛棚
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南昌欧菲显示科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/119198 priority Critical patent/WO2021097615A1/zh
Publication of WO2021097615A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021097615A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of tactile feedback, and in particular to a tactile feedback module, membrane keyboard and electronic equipment.
  • a keyboard is provided on the laptop, and people use the keyboard to perform related operations.
  • the traditional keyboard is mainly a rubber membrane keyboard, including elastic mechanism, key frame and key cap.
  • the key cap and key frame are used to protect the elastic mechanism and have a beautiful effect.
  • the contacts of the elastic mechanism are overlapped by a three-layer structure.
  • the same plastic film, the upper and lower layers are covered with film wires, and there are two contacts at the position of each button, and the middle plastic film does not contain any wires, and separates the upper and lower conductive films.
  • a round hole is opened at the position of the button contact.
  • the upper and lower conductive films are separated by the middle layer and will not conduct. However, after the upper film is pressed, it will be combined with the lower film at the opening part, thereby generating a button electrical signal.
  • the thickness is relatively high due to its own material reasons.
  • a tactile feedback module a membrane keyboard, and an electronic device are provided.
  • a tactile feedback module includes at least two laminated conductive films
  • the conductive film includes a thin-film insulating layer, a conductive electrode layer, and an elastic layer that are stacked, wherein the thin-film insulating layer of one conductive film of the adjacent conductive film is adjacent to the elastic layer of the other conductive film;
  • the elastic layer is made of magnetorheological elastomer.
  • a membrane keyboard includes the above-mentioned tactile feedback module.
  • An electronic device includes the above-mentioned membrane keyboard.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conductive film structure of a tactile feedback module in an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a finished product process of multi-layer staggered overlay in an embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a finished product with multiple layers of staggered stacking in an embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an elastic layer in an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a driving signal input to the conductive electrode layer in an embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a form in which the deformation amount of the elastic layer of the tactile feedback module is zero in an embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the largest deformation of the elastic layer of the tactile feedback module in an embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the shape of the elastic layer deformation amount of the tactile feedback module returning from the maximum to zero in an embodiment
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a finger touching the tactile feedback module when the deformation amount of the elastic layer is zero in an embodiment
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a finger touch tactile feedback module when the deformation of the elastic layer is maximum in an embodiment
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a membrane keyboard in an embodiment.
  • a tactile feedback module is provided with at least two laminated conductive films.
  • the conductive film includes a thin-film insulating layer 110, a conductive electrode layer 120, and an elastic layer 130 stacked in sequence.
  • the thin-film insulating layer 110 of one conductive film of the adjacent conductive films is adjacent to the elastic layer 130 of the other conductive film;
  • the elastic layer 130 is made of magnetorheological elastomer material, which passes through the conductive electrodes in the adjacent conductive films.
  • the layer 120 applies voltage signals of different polarities, so that when the tactile feedback module senses the touch pressure, the elastic layer 130 generates vibration feedback under the action of the electric field force.
  • an external controller can be used to control the input of driving signals to the conductive electrode layer 120 of each conductive film in the tactile feedback module, so that the voltage polarities of the two conductive electrode layers 120 of adjacent conductive films are opposite. Further, the voltage between the two conductive electrode layers 120 of adjacent conductive films can also be controlled to change periodically, so that the vibration amplitude of the elastic layer 130 between the conductive electrode layers 120 also changes periodically.
  • Magnetorheological elastomers incorporate micrometer-scale ferromagnetic particles into high molecular polymers and solidify in a magnetic field environment so that the particles in the matrix have a chain or columnar structure. The elastic modulus of magnetorheological elastomer can change with the intensity of the applied magnetic field.
  • the elastic layer 130 is made of magnetorheological elastomer material, which can effectively add a magnetic field under the force of an electric field, thereby accelerating the deformation rebound speed, and achieving the effect of accelerating the recovery and rebound of the elastic layer.
  • the elastic layer 130 may include mutually independent columnar elastomers.
  • the thin-film insulating layer 110 is located at the outermost layer of the conductive film.
  • a non-conductive material is used to make the thin-film insulating layer 110 on the contact surface between the conductive electrode layer 120 and the user to provide insulation protection. At the same time, it can be separated from the outside air to avoid oxidation of the conductive electrode layer 120 and play a role of waterproofing and avoiding.
  • the conductive electrode layer 120 in each conductive film is correspondingly arranged, and an elastic layer 130 is arranged between every two adjacent conductive electrode layers 120, which changes periodically with the voltage between two adjacent conductive electrode layers 120
  • the vibration amplitude of the elastic layer 130 between the conductive electrode layers 120 also changes periodically, and the change in the deformation of the elastic layer 130 is fed back to the user's finger to form tactile feedback.
  • the above-mentioned tactile feedback module applies voltage signals of different polarities to the conductive electrode layer 120 in the adjacent conductive film, so that when the tactile feedback module senses the touch pressure, the elastic layer 130 is generated under the action of the electric field force. Vibration feedback, the change in the deformation of the elastic layer 130 is fed back to the user's finger to form tactile feedback.
  • the elastic layer 130 is made of a magnetorheological elastomer material layer, which can effectively add a magnetic field under the force of an electric field, thereby accelerating the deformation rebound speed, and achieving the effect of accelerating the recovery and rebound of the elastic layer.
  • the deformation of the elastic layer 130 is controlled for tactile feedback, which avoids the limitation of the mechanical structure of the keys in the traditional keyboard to reduce the thickness, and can further compress the thickness of each layer in the tactile feedback module. , Thereby reducing the thickness of the keyboard.
  • the specific manner in which the vibration amplitude of the elastic layer 130 changes with the voltage between two adjacent conductive electrode layers 120 is not unique.
  • the vibration amplitude of the elastic layer 130 changes with the voltage between the conductive electrode layers 120. Increase and increase.
  • the controllable adjustment of the vibration amplitude of the elastic layer 130 is realized by controlling the voltage change between the conductive electrode layers 120, and the operation is simple and reliable.
  • the thin-film insulating layer 110 may be made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), and the thickness may be The design is 50um.
  • the conductive electrode layer 120 may be a carbon paste layer or a silver paste layer, and the thickness of the conductive electrode layer 120 may be about 10 um.
  • the conductive electrode layer 120 adopts a carbon paste layer or a silver paste layer, which has strong conductivity and can be adjusted in shape according to the overall structure of the keyboard.
  • the thickness of the elastic layer 130 is 10 ⁇ m-100 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the elastic layer 130 is designed to be 10 micrometers to 100 micrometers, so as to avoid that the thickness is too low to affect the touch feedback effect, and at the same time, to prevent the thickness of the tactile feedback module from being excessively increased due to the too high thickness.
  • the elastic layer 130 includes a plurality of independent columnar elastic bodies, and the height of the columnar elastic bodies is 30 ⁇ m-50 ⁇ m.
  • the height of the columnar elastic body is designed to be 30um-50um.
  • a single-layer thin-film insulating layer 110, a single-layer conductive electrode layer 120, and a single-layer elastic layer 130 are sequentially stacked to form a single product structure, that is, a conductive film, and multiple product structures are then staggered and stacked to obtain a tactile feedback module.
  • the columnar elastic bodies are distributed in the elastic layer 130 at an uneven density.
  • the columnar elastic bodies are distributed in the elastic layer 130 at a non-uniform density, and different regions of the elastic layer 130 feedback different vibrations to the user during vibration, thereby enhancing the touch feedback effect to the user.
  • the conductive electrode layer 120 includes a driving part and an electrode part that are electrically connected, and the thin-film insulating layer 110, the driving part of the conductive electrode layer 120, and the elastic layer 130 are stacked one by one.
  • the electrode portions of the conductive electrode layer 120 with the same voltage polarity are attached to each other and used as the positive and negative electrodes of the driving signal input of the tactile feedback module.
  • the number of electrode parts of the conductive electrode layer 120 may be one or more.
  • the electrode parts may be designed on opposite sides of the driving part of the conductive electrode layer 120.
  • the multilayer conductive film 100 can be alternately rotated and stacked by 180° in sequence, and the multilayer product structure can be laminated after the stacking is completed to reduce thickness.
  • the electrode portion 140 on the same side is bonded as the positive electrode/negative electrode for the drive signal input of the tactile feedback module, and the electrode portion 140 on the other side is bonded as the negative electrode for the drive signal input of the tactile feedback module.
  • Positive electrode As shown in FIG. 3, the electrode portions 140 protruding from both sides in the superimposed structure respectively serve as positive and negative electrodes for driving signal input.
  • the thin-film insulating layer 110, the driving part of the conductive electrode layer 120, and the elastic layer 130 are stacked to prevent the product from being separated due to the vibration of the product during the use of the product, which serves as a fixed structure.
  • the electrode portion 140 leading out the conductive electrode layer 120 is attached and arranged to obtain the positive and negative electrodes of the driving signal input of the tactile feedback module, so that the driving signal can be connected to adjust the voltage between the conductive electrode layer 120, which improves the driving of the tactile feedback module. Convenience of control.
  • bonding parts corresponding to the electrode parts of the conductive electrode layer 120 can also be provided on opposite sides of the elastic layer 130, the thin-film insulating layer 110, the conductive electrode layer 120, and the elastic After the layers 130 are stacked in sequence, the electrode portions of the conductive electrode layer 120 on the same side are bonded through the bonding portion of the elastic layer 130 to prevent the height difference between the two conductive electrode layers 120 from being too large and affecting the bonding effect.
  • the lamination method between the thin-film insulating layer 110, the conductive electrode layer 120, and the elastic layer 130 is not unique.
  • the thin-film insulating layer 110, the conductive electrode layer 120, and the elastic layer 130 are made of double-sided adhesive or water-based adhesive. Laminate bonding to improve the fixing reliability of the tactile feedback module.
  • the elastic layer 130 is applied to the conductive electrode layer 120 to simulate the shape of a finger and to distribute the force.
  • the elastic layer 130 is coated on the conductive layer 120 to simulate the shape and force distribution of the finger, and the center point and edge point of the finger force can be distributed in different patterns to compensate for the vibration caused by the arc structure of the finger itself. Sense the defects of inconsistent feedback, thereby enhancing the effect of touch feedback to the user.
  • a membrane keyboard is also provided, including the above-mentioned tactile feedback module.
  • the above-mentioned membrane keyboard applies voltage signals of different polarities to the conductive electrode layers in the adjacent conductive films, so that when the tactile feedback module senses the touch pressure, the elastic layer generates vibration feedback under the action of the electric field force.
  • the change of the deformation of the layer is fed back to the user's finger to form tactile feedback.
  • the elastic layer adopts a magnetorheological elastomer material layer, which can effectively add a magnetic field under the force of an electric field, thereby accelerating the deformation rebound speed, and achieving the effect of accelerating the recovery and rebound of the elastic layer.
  • the membrane keyboard further includes a controller, and the controller is connected to the conductive electrode layer of the tactile feedback module.
  • the voltage of the driving signal delivered to the conductive electrode layer can be adjusted by the controller.
  • the user can send a voltage adjustment command to the controller, so that the controller controls the voltage of the driving signal delivered to the conductive electrode layer according to the voltage adjustment command to achieve different tactile feedback rebound forces.
  • the user can control the voltage of the driving signal delivered to the conductive electrode layer through the controller according to actual needs to achieve different tactile feedback rebound forces, so that the user can experience different tactile feedback strengths, making it more convenient to use.
  • the membrane keyboard further includes a voltage control circuit, which is connected to the controller and the conductive electrode layer.
  • the controller controls the voltage amplitude delivered by the voltage control circuit to the conductive electrode layer according to the voltage adjustment command, so as to realize the adjustment of the driving voltage of the conductive electrode layer, and the control is convenient and reliable. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the controller may directly transmit the corresponding driving voltage to the conductive electrode layer according to the voltage adjustment command.
  • the number of haptic feedback modules is two or more, and the controller is connected to each haptic feedback module through a voltage control circuit for controlling the voltage control circuit to provide different driving voltages for each haptic feedback module .
  • the controller is connected to each haptic feedback module through a voltage control circuit for controlling the voltage control circuit to provide different driving voltages for each haptic feedback module .
  • an electronic device including the above-mentioned membrane keyboard.
  • the electronic device may specifically be a notebook computer, a desktop computer, and other devices that need to use a keyboard for information input.
  • the above electronic device applies voltage signals of different polarities to the conductive electrode layers in the adjacent conductive films, so that when the tactile feedback module senses the touch pressure, the elastic layer generates vibration feedback under the action of the electric field force.
  • the change of the deformation of the layer is fed back to the user's finger to form tactile feedback.
  • the elastic layer adopts a magnetorheological elastomer material layer, which can effectively add a magnetic field under the force of an electric field, thereby accelerating the deformation rebound speed, and achieving the effect of accelerating the recovery and rebound of the elastic layer.
  • the conventional keyboard design realizes pressing and rebound feedback through the key cap and elastic structure with the force of the fingers. Because of the material of the key cap itself, the mechanical force of the key cap feedback to the finger is the finger pressing the key cap. The reaction force is rather blunt in actual use, and the user experience is general, and it cannot give the finger a tactile feedback feeling. At the same time, it cannot give the finger different tactile feedback force according to the user's environment or the specific letter keys. Moreover, the conventional keyboard structure is an independent split design of a single keyboard, which makes it impossible to seamlessly connect between the keys. There is a certain key gap. Depending on the passage of time, the gap between the keys and the keys will be caused by electrostatic adsorption.
  • the middle of the bottom will absorb more tiny particles of dust, which will affect the aesthetics and reduce the user experience.
  • it is designed according to the conventional keyboard structure, including elastic mechanism, surface key frame and key cap.
  • the thickness of the keyboard cannot be extremely compressed.
  • the thickness of the currently used keyboards is relatively high.
  • the membrane keyboard and its tactile feedback module subvert the design of traditional keyboards. Instead of using traditional keycaps, rubber rebounds and key frames, it uses magnetorheological fluids with high dielectric constant.
  • the elastic layer 130 is made of elastomer material, with high resilience material, and the thickness can be 30um-50um.
  • the conductive electrode layer 120 is made of materials with relatively good conductivity, such as carbon paste, silver paste, etc., which has strong conductivity and can be made into various shapes such as surface bends with the overall structure of the keyboard. The thickness of this layer can be about 10um.
  • the non-conductive material is used to make the thin-film insulating layer 110 on the contact surface between the electrode and the user to play a role of insulation and protection, and at the same time, it can be separated from the outside air to avoid oxidation of the electrode and play a role in waterproofing.
  • the elastic layer 130, the conductive electrode layer 120, and the thin-film insulating layer 110 are laminated layer by layer, and commonly used double-sided adhesive or water glue can be used for laminating and bonding. Avoid product separation due to product vibration during the use of the product, play a role in fixing the structure and enhance the sense of vibration.
  • the magnetorheological elastomer material layer coated on the conductive layer can simulate the shape and force distribution of the finger, and the center point and edge point of the finger can be used to adopt different pattern distributions, which can compensate for the vibration caused by the arc structure of the finger. Feedback inconsistent defects, thereby enhancing user experience and convenience.
  • a single product structure (ie, a conductive film 100) stack includes a thin-film insulating layer 110 (such as a PET layer), a conductive electrode layer 120 (such as a carbon paste, a silver paste layer), and an elastic layer 130 in sequence.
  • a thin-film insulating layer 110 such as a PET layer
  • a conductive electrode layer 120 such as a carbon paste, a silver paste layer
  • an elastic layer 130 in sequence.
  • multiple product structures are overlapped in a staggered manner, and the number of overlapping layers can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the user experience. For example, about 8 layers can be used.
  • the multi-layer products are successively staggered and rotated by 180° superimposed, and the structure shown in Figure 2 is formed after superposing. After multiple products are superimposed, use water glue or double-sided tape to bond them into a finished product with reduced gap and reduced thickness.
  • the electrodes protruding from both sides of the product are used as the positive and negative electrodes for the driving signal input.
  • the test signal generally uses a unipolar triangular wave periodic signal, and the frequency is generally about 20-200Hz, which simulates the frequency of using a traditional keyboard, such as a mechanical keyboard.
  • the input signals are respectively connected to the two ends of the tactile feedback module.
  • the electrodes on both sides of the tactile feedback module serve as positive and negative electrodes.
  • the input signal reference is shown in Figure 5.
  • the input signal is divided into four different control sampling points in one cycle: T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively, to briefly describe the shape of the tactile feedback module under different driving voltages and magnetic fields.
  • 6 to 8 are transient diagrams of the dynamic changes of the tactile feedback module under different driving signals, taking the elastic layer 130 as an example, and FIG. 6 is the initial state when the tactile feedback module starts to receive electric field force.
  • FIG. 7 is the maximum electric field force and magnetic field force
  • the columnar elastic body 132 (specifically, a magnetorheological elastic column) receives the maximum electric field force and magnetic force.
  • FIG. 8 shows that the electric field force and the magnetic field force are gradually smaller, and the columnar elastic body 132 slowly bounces back to its original state under the action of its own rebound force and magnetic field force. The specific process is as follows:
  • the input signal is basically 0, and there is basically no electric field force and magnetic field force between the two conductive electrode layers 120, so there is no electrostatic adsorption force, and the magnetorheological elastic column still maintains its original initial state.
  • the signal cycle changes in the T1-T4 stages.
  • the frequency of the input signal shown in Figure 5 is about 50 Hz.
  • the frequency of the input signal can be selected from 20 Hz to 200 Hz, and signal sources of different frequencies can be input according to different user experience. For example, if the user wants to experience a stronger vibration sensation, the frequency can be increased to a larger value.
  • the input signal changes periodically as shown in Figure 5.
  • the magneto-rheological elastic column has been changing from 0 to the maximum, and the feedback to the finger is referred to as tactile feedback.
  • 9 is a schematic diagram of the finger touching the tactile feedback module when the deformation of the elastic layer 130 is zero
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the finger touching the tactile feedback module when the deformation of the elastic layer 130 is maximum.
  • FIG 11 is the structure design diagram of the membrane keyboard.
  • the bottom of each letter and symbol button 200 (such as letters A, B, C, etc.) uses the finished product structure shown in Figure 3 after stacking, each letter or Push the buttons to pull out the corresponding electrodes and input different driving signals.
  • each letter and symbol button 200 uses the finished product structure shown in Figure 3 after stacking, each letter or Push the buttons to pull out the corresponding electrodes and input different driving signals.
  • different driving voltages can be input according to the user's experience requirements, and different tactile feedback can be obtained.
  • the above-mentioned membrane keyboard and its tactile feedback module adopt elastic layer (such as 30um magnetorheological elastomer material layer), conductive electrode layer (such as 10um carbon paste or silver paste layer) and thin film insulation layer (such as 50um PET layer) ), the total thickness of a single product can be about 0.1mm, in order to enhance the tactile feedback effect, it can be increased to 6-10 layers, and the overall thickness can be less than 1mm, making the product thinner and lighter. Moreover, there is no need to follow the independent split design of a single key in a traditional keyboard, which can realize seamless docking between keys, reduce key gaps and reduce the possibility of adsorbing tiny particles of dust.
  • elastic layer such as 30um magnetorheological elastomer material layer
  • conductive electrode layer such as 10um carbon paste or silver paste layer
  • thin film insulation layer such as 50um PET layer
  • the use of magnetorheological elastomer to make the elastic layer 130 can effectively have the effect of an additional magnetic field under the force of an electric field, thereby accelerating the deformation rebound speed, which is equivalent to an additional enhancement of the effect of the electric field, so as to accelerate the recovery of the column and the rebound effect.
  • Insulating materials are used on the outermost layer of the conductive electrode layer and the elastic layer, such as PET material to make a thin film insulation layer, which can achieve the purpose of waterproof and dustproof, increase the life of the product, and achieve the purpose of waterproofing.

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Abstract

一种触觉反馈模组、薄膜键盘及电子设备，触觉反馈模组包括至少两层层叠的导电膜，导电膜包括层叠设置的薄膜绝缘层（110）、导电电极层（120）和弹性层（130），相邻导电膜的其中一导电膜的薄膜绝缘层（110）与另一导电膜的弹性层（130）相邻；弹性层（130）为磁流变弹性体材质，通过向相邻的导电膜中的导电电极层（120）施加不同极性的电压信号，使得触觉反馈模组在感测到触压时，弹性层（130）在电场力的作用下产生振动反馈。

Description

触觉反馈模组、薄膜键盘及电子设备 技术领域
本申请涉及触觉反馈技术领域，特别是涉及一种触觉反馈模组、薄膜键盘及电子设备。
背景技术
随着计算机技术的发展，越来越多的电子设备进入了人们的生活。以毕竟本电脑为例，在笔记本电脑上设置有键盘，人们通过键盘来进行相关操作。
传统的键盘主要是橡胶薄膜键盘，包括弹力机构、键框和键帽，其中键帽及键框用来保护弹力机构及起到美观的效果，而弹力机构的触点是由三层结构重叠在一起的塑料薄膜，上下两层覆盖着薄膜导线，在每个按键的位置上有两个触点，而中间一张塑料薄膜则是不含任何导线的，将上下两层导电薄膜分割绝缘开，而在按键触点的位置上则开有圆孔。在正常情况下，上下两层导电薄膜被中间层分隔开来，不会导通。但在上层薄膜受压以后，就会在开孔的部位与下层薄膜连同，从而产生一个按键电信号。按照传统键盘的结构设计，鉴于本身材料原因，厚度均比较高。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种触觉反馈模组、薄膜键盘及电子设备。
一种触觉反馈模组，包括至少两层层叠的导电膜，
所述导电膜包括层叠设置的薄膜绝缘层、导电电极层和弹性层，其中，相邻导电膜的其中一导电膜的所述薄膜绝缘层与另一导电膜的所述弹性层相 邻；所述弹性层为磁流变弹性体材质，通过向相邻的导电膜中的导电电极层施加不同极性的电压信号，使得所述触觉反馈模组在感测到触压时，所述弹性层在电场力的作用下产生振动反馈。
一种薄膜键盘，包括上述触觉反馈模组。
一种电子设备，包括上述薄膜键盘。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为一实施例中触觉反馈模组的导电膜结构示意图；
图2为一实施例中多层交错叠加的成品过程示意图；
图3为一实施例中多层交错叠加的成品完成示意图；
图4为一实施例中弹性层的结构示意图；
图5为一实施例中输入至导电电极层的驱动信号示意图；
图6为一实施例中触觉反馈模组的弹性层形变量为零的形态示意图；
图7为一实施例中触觉反馈模组的弹性层形变量最大的形态示意图；
图8为一实施例中触觉反馈模组的弹性层形变量从最大回到零时的形态示意图；
图9为一实施例中弹性层形变量为零时手指接触触觉反馈模组的示意 图；
图10为一实施例中弹性层形变量为最大时手指接触触觉反馈模组的示意图；
图11为一实施例中薄膜键盘的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在一个实施例中，提供了一种触觉反馈模组，至少两层层叠的导电膜，如图1所示，导电膜包括依次层叠设置的薄膜绝缘层110、导电电极层120和弹性层130，其中，相邻导电膜的其中一导电膜的薄膜绝缘层110与另一导电膜的弹性层130相邻；弹性层130为磁流变弹性体材质，通过向相邻的导电膜中的导电电极层120施加不同极性的电压信号，使得触觉反馈模组在感测到触压时，弹性层130在电场力的作用下产生振动反馈。
其中，可通过外部控制器控制对触觉反馈模组中各导电膜的导电电极层120输入驱动信号，以使相邻导电膜的两个导电电极层120的电压极性相反。进一步地，还可控制相邻导电膜的两个导电电极层120之间的电压呈周期性变化，使得导电电极层120之间的弹性层130的振动幅度也呈周期性变化。磁流变弹性体是将微米尺度的铁磁性颗粒掺入到高分子聚合物中，在磁场环境下固化从而基体内的颗粒具有链或柱状结构。磁流变弹性体的弹性模量可随外加磁场强度而变化，不但具有可控性、可逆性、响应迅速等高技术特征， 还具有稳定性好等独特的优点。弹性层130采用磁流变弹性体材质，可以有效的在电场作用力下附加磁场的作用，从而加快形变反弹速度，达到加快弹性层回复以及反弹效果。
具体地，弹性层130可包括相互独立的柱状弹性体，薄膜绝缘层110位于导电膜的最外层，在导电电极层120与用户接触面使用不导电材料制作薄膜绝缘层110，起到绝缘保护作用，同时可做到与外界空气隔开，避免导电电极层120氧化以及起防水规避作用。将各导电膜中的导电电极层120对应设置，且每相邻两个导电电极层120之间设置有弹性层130，随着相邻的两个导电电极层120之间的电压呈周期性变化，导电电极层120之间的弹性层130的振动幅度也呈周期性变化，弹性层130的形变量变化反馈到用户手指上形成触觉反馈。
上述触觉反馈模组，通过向相邻的导电膜中的导电电极层120施加不同极性的电压信号，使得触觉反馈模组在感测到触压时，弹性层130在电场力的作用下产生振动反馈，弹性层130的形变量变化反馈到用户手指上形成触觉反馈。弹性层130采用磁流变弹性体材质层，可以有效的在电场作用力下附加磁场的作用，从而加快形变反弹速度，达到加快弹性层回复以及反弹效果。通过改变导电电极层120之间的电压控制弹性层130的形变量变化进行触觉反馈，避免了传统键盘中按键的机械结构对减小厚度的限制，能够进一步压缩触觉反馈模组中各层的厚度，从而降低了键盘厚度。
弹性层130的振动幅度随着相邻两个导电电极层120之间的电压而变化的具体方式并不唯一，本实施例中，弹性层130的振动幅度随着导电电极层120之间的电压增大而增大。通过控制导电电极层120之间的电压变化实现对弹性层130的振动幅度可控调节，操作简便可靠。
薄膜绝缘层110、导电电极层120的具体类型以及厚度不是唯一的，在一个实施例中，薄膜绝缘层110可采用PET(polyethylene terephthalate，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)材质，厚度可以是设计为50um。导电电极层120可以是碳浆层或银浆层，导电电极层120的厚度可以是10um左右。导电电极层120采用碳浆层或银浆层，导电性能强且可以配合键盘的整体结构进行形状调整。
在一个实施例中，弹性层130厚度为10微米-100微米。弹性层130的厚度设计为10微米-100微米，避免厚度过低影响触控反馈效果，同时还避免厚度过高导致触觉反馈模组的厚度过度增加。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，弹性层130包括多个独立的柱状弹性体，柱状弹性体高度为30微米-50微米。将柱状弹性体的高度设计为30um-50um，根据导电电极层120之间的电压变化时，在有效降低键盘厚度的同时可确保产生形变量变化给用户手指触控反馈。单层的薄膜绝缘层110、单层的导电电极层120和单层的弹性层130依次叠加构成单个产品结构即导电膜，多个产品结构再交错叠加得到触觉反馈模组。
在一个实施例中，柱状弹性体以不均匀的疏密度分布于弹性层130中。将柱状弹性体以不均匀的疏密度分布于弹性层130中，在振动时弹性层130的不同区域反馈给用户不同的振动，增强给用户的触控反馈效果。
导电电极层120的具体结构也不是唯一的，在一个实施例中，导电电极层120包括电连接的驱动部和电极部，薄膜绝缘层110、导电电极层120的驱动部以及弹性层130逐层叠设置，相同电压极性的导电电极层120的电极部贴合设置，分别作为触觉反馈模组的驱动信号输入的正负电极。
具体地，导电电极层120的电极部数量可以是一个或多个，例如，当电 极部数量为两个时，可将电极部设计在导电电极层120的驱动部相对两侧。具体地，如图2所示，以导电电极层120的电极部数量为一个为例，可将多层导电膜100依次交错旋转180°叠加，在多层产品结构叠加完成后进行贴合以降低厚度。位于同一侧的电极部140贴合后作为触觉反馈模组的驱动信号输入的正电极/负电极，位于另一侧的电极部140贴合后作为触觉反馈模组的驱动信号输入的负电极/正电极。如图3所示，叠加后的结构中两边伸出来的电极部140分别作为驱动信号输入的正负电极。
本实施例中，将薄膜绝缘层110、导电电极层120的驱动部以及弹性层130层叠设置，避免产品在使用振动过程中，由于产品的振动导致产品分离，起到固定结构作用。引出导电电极层120的电极部140进行贴合设置得到触觉反馈模组的驱动信号输入的正负电极，以便于接入驱动信号调节导电电极层120之间的电压，提高了触觉反馈模组驱动控制的便利性。
在一个实施例中，如图4所示，还可在弹性层130的相对两侧也设置与导电电极层120的电极部相对应的贴合部，薄膜绝缘层110、导电电极层120、弹性层130依次叠加后，位于相同侧的导电电极层120的电极部通过弹性层130的贴合部进行贴合，避免两层导电电极层120之间的高度差过大而影响贴合效果。
此外，薄膜绝缘层110、导电电极层120和弹性层130之间的层叠方式也不是唯一的，本实施例中，薄膜绝缘层110、导电电极层120和弹性层130采用双面胶或水胶进行叠层粘合，提高触觉反馈模组的固定可靠性。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，弹性层130模拟手指的形状以及受力分布涂布于导电电极层120。具体地，将弹性层130涂布在导电层120模拟手指的形状以及受力分布，可采用手指着力中心点以及边缘点采用不同的图案分 布的方式，弥补因为手指本身弧形结构带来的振感反馈不一致的缺陷，从而增强给用户的触控反馈效果。
在一个实施例中，还提供了一种薄膜键盘，包括上述触觉反馈模组。
上述薄膜键盘，通过向相邻的导电膜中的导电电极层施加不同极性的电压信号，使得触觉反馈模组在感测到触压时，弹性层在电场力的作用下产生振动反馈，弹性层的形变量变化反馈到用户手指上形成触觉反馈。弹性层采用磁流变弹性体材质层，可以有效的在电场作用力下附加磁场的作用，从而加快形变反弹速度，达到加快弹性层回复以及反弹效果。通过改变导电电极层之间的电压控制弹性层的形变量变化进行触觉反馈，避免了传统键盘中按键的机械结构对减小厚度的限制，能够进一步压缩触觉反馈模组中各层的厚度，从而降低了键盘厚度。
在其中一个实施例中，薄膜键盘还包括控制器，控制器连接触觉反馈模组的导电电极层。
可通过控制器调节输送至导电电极层的驱动信号的电压。例如用户可发送电压调节指令至控制器，以使控制器根据电压调节指令控制输送至导电电极层的驱动信号的电压，实现不同的触觉反馈反弹力。用户可根据实际需求，通过控制器控制输送至导电电极层的驱动信号的电压，实现不同的触觉反馈反弹力，从而使用户体验到不同的触觉回馈力度，使用更加便利。
在一个实施例中，薄膜键盘还包括电压控制电路，电压控制电路连接控制器和导电电极层。控制器根据电压调节指令控制电压控制电路输送到导电电极层的电压幅值，实现对导电电极层的驱动电压调节，控制方便可靠。可以理解，在其他实施例中，也可以是由控制器直接根据电压调节指令传输对应的驱动电压至导电电极层。
在一个实施例中，触觉反馈模组的数量为两个或两个以上，控制器通过电压控制电路连接各触觉反馈模组，用于控制电压控制电路为各触觉反馈模组提供不同的驱动电压。通过对薄膜键盘中不同的触觉反馈模组提供不同的驱动电压，以改变各触觉反馈模组中弹性层的最大形变量，实现不同的触觉反馈反弹力，从而使用户感受到不同的触控回馈，以便用户识别不同触觉反馈模组，可根据用户需求，将不同触觉反馈模组通过调节驱动电压实现不同的触觉反馈反弹力，从而使用户体验不会的触控回馈，使用更方便。
在一个实施例中，还提供了一种电子设备，包括上述薄膜键盘。电子设备具体可以是笔记本电脑、台式电脑等需要使用键盘进行信息输入的设备。
上述电子设备，通过向相邻的导电膜中的导电电极层施加不同极性的电压信号，使得触觉反馈模组在感测到触压时，弹性层在电场力的作用下产生振动反馈，弹性层的形变量变化反馈到用户手指上形成触觉反馈。弹性层采用磁流变弹性体材质层，可以有效的在电场作用力下附加磁场的作用，从而加快形变反弹速度，达到加快弹性层回复以及反弹效果。通过改变导电电极层之间的电压控制弹性层的形变量变化进行触觉反馈，避免了传统键盘中按键的机械结构对减小厚度的限制，能够进一步压缩触觉反馈模组中各层的厚度，从而降低了键盘厚度。
为便于更好地理解上述触觉反馈模组、薄膜键盘及电子设备，下面结构具体实施例进行详细解释说明。
由于结构的限定，常规的键盘设计通过键帽以及弹力结构配合手指的作用力下实现按压以及反弹回馈，因为键帽本身的材料原因，键帽反馈给手指后的机械力是手指按压键帽的反作用力，实际使用起来比较生硬的，用户体验感一般，无法反馈给手指一种触觉回馈的感觉，同时也无法根据用户环境 不一样或者具体字母按键的不同，给予手指不同的触觉反馈力。而且，常规的键盘结构为单个键盘独立分割式设计，导致按键之间无法无缝对接，存在一定的按键空隙，会依据使用时间的推移，按键与按键之间会因间隙，在静电吸附的作用下中间会吸附比较多的微小颗粒的灰尘，影响美观以及降低用户体验感。此外，按照常规键盘结构设计，包含弹力机构、表面键框和键帽。鉴于本身材料原因，键盘厚度无法极致压缩，现有使用的键盘厚度均比较高，虽然一直在尝试降低键盘厚度，因材料本身原因，依然无法做到厚度与薄膜匹及。
基于此，本申请提供的薄膜键盘及其触觉反馈模组，颠覆传统键盘的设计，不在使用传统的键帽、橡胶回弹和键框等结构，而是使用具有高介电常数的磁流变弹性体材质制作弹性层130，拥有高回弹力材质，厚度可以做到30um-50um。使用导电性能比较好的材料，如碳浆、银浆等制作导电电极层120，导电性能强且可以配合键盘整体结构做成表面弯折等各种形状，此层厚度可以做到10um左右。在电极与用户接触面使用不导电材料制作薄膜绝缘层110起到绝缘保护作用，同时可做到与外界空气隔开，避免电极氧化以及起防水规避作用。弹性层130，导电电极层120、薄膜绝缘层110逐层贴合，可使用常用的双面胶或水胶进行叠层粘合。避免产品在使用振动过程中由于产品的振动导致产品分离，起到固定结构作用以及增强振感。磁流变弹性体材质层涂布在导电层可模拟手指的形状以及受力分布，可采用手指着力中心点以及边缘点采用不同的图案分布，可弥补因为手指本身弧形结构带来的振感反馈不一致的缺陷，从而增强用户的体验感和使用便利性。
如图1所示，单个产品结构(即导电膜100)叠层依次包含薄膜绝缘层110(如PET层)、导电电极层120(如碳浆、银浆层)和弹性层130。如图2 所示，多个产品结构交错叠加，可根据用户体验感适当增加或者减少叠加层数，例如可使用8层左右。多层产品依次交错旋转180°叠加，叠加之后形成如图2所示结构。在多个产品叠加完成后使用水胶或双面胶粘合成一个间隙减小、厚度降低的成品，如图3所示，产品两边伸出来的电极分别作为驱动信号输入的正负电极，输入的测试信号一般采用单极性的三角波周期信号，频率一般使用20-200Hz左右，模拟使用传统键盘，如机械键盘的频率。
当多层产品叠加后组成触觉反馈模组后，输入信号分别连接触觉反馈模组的两端，如图3所示的触觉反馈模组中两侧的电极部分别作为正负电极。输入信号参考如图5所示，输入信号按照一个周期内划四个不同控制采样点：T1、T2、T3和T4，分别来简述触觉反馈模组在不同驱动电压以及磁场作用下的形态。图6至图8为触觉反馈模组在不同驱动信号下的动态变化的暂态图，以弹性层130设计成柱形为例，图6为触觉反馈模组开始受到电场力的初始状态，图7为电场力以及磁场力最大，柱状弹性体132(具体为磁流变弹性柱子)受到最大电场力以及磁力的作用。图8为电场力以及磁场力逐渐较小，柱状弹性体132依靠自身的反弹力以及磁场力的作用下慢慢的反弹回本身原始状态。具体过程如下：
a)：T1-T2状态过程中。T1时刻，磁流变弹性柱子形态如图6所示，暂时没有形变，T1-T2时刻，电场力在逐渐增大伴随着磁场力也在逐渐增大，两层导电电极层120之间的静电吸附力逐渐增大，对磁流变弹性柱子产生逐步增大的作用力，T2时刻，电场力最大，磁场力也最大，合力方向相同，两层导电电极层120之间的吸附力也最大，此时柱子的形变量也最大，如图7所示。
b)：T2-T3状态过程中。T2到T3时刻，电场力逐渐在降低，磁场力也在 逐渐减小，两个导电电极层120之间的吸附力也逐渐降低，磁流变弹性柱子根据自身的反弹力慢慢做回弹的动作，当驱动信号在T3时刻，磁流变弹性柱子反弹到最大，如图8状态。
c)：T3-T4状态过程中。此时输入信号基本为0，两个导电电极层120之间基本没有电场力和磁场力作用，故没有静电吸附力存在，磁流变弹性柱子依然保持原本的初始状态。
d)：T1-T4阶段的信号周期变化，图5所示的输入信号的频率为50Hz左右。其中，输入信号的频率可以选择为20Hz-200Hz，可根据不同用户体验输入不同频率的信号源，例如，如果用户想体验更加强烈的振感，可将频率增加到更大。当用户手指接触触觉反馈模组时，输入信号如图5所示进行周期性的变化，磁流变弹性柱子一直在0形变量到最大形变量的变化，反馈到手指上的感觉简称为触觉反馈，如图9所示为弹性层130形变量为零时手指接触触觉反馈模组的示意图，图10所示为弹性层130形变量为最大时手指接触触觉反馈模组的示意图。
如图11为薄膜键盘的结构设计图，每个字母以及符号按键200(如字母A,B,C……等等)底部分别使用图3所示的产品堆叠后的成品结构，每个字母或者按键分别拉出对应的电极，分别输入不同的驱动信号。这样每个按键在使用过程中，都可以根据用户的体验要求输入不同的驱动电压，得到不同的触觉反馈。
上述薄膜键盘及其触觉反馈模组，采用弹性层(如30um的磁流变弹性体材质层)、导电电极层(如10um的碳浆或银浆层)和薄膜绝缘层(如50um的PET层)，单片产品总厚度可以做到0.1mm左右，为增强触觉反馈效果可增加至6层-10层，整体厚度可做到1mm以下，使得产品更薄、更轻。而且，无 需按照传统键盘中单个按键独立分割式设计，能够实现按键之间无缝对接，减小按键空隙以降低吸附微小颗粒灰尘的可能。其中，使用磁流变弹性体制作弹性层130，可以有效的在电场作用力下有附加磁场的作用，从而加快形变反弹速度，相当于额外增强了电场的作用，达到加快柱子回复以及反弹效果。在导电电极层和弹性层的最外面一层使用绝缘材料，如PET材料制作薄膜绝缘层，可达到防水防尘目的，增加产品的寿命以及起到防水目的。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种触觉反馈模组，其特征在于，包括至少两层层叠的导电膜，
    所述导电膜包括层叠设置的薄膜绝缘层、导电电极层和弹性层，其中，相邻导电膜的其中一导电膜的所述薄膜绝缘层与另一导电膜的所述弹性层相邻；所述弹性层为磁流变弹性体材质，通过向相邻的导电膜中的导电电极层施加不同极性的电压信号，使得所述触觉反馈模组在感测到触压时，所述弹性层在电场力的作用下产生振动反馈。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的触觉反馈模组，其特征在于，所述弹性层的振动幅度随着导电电极层之间的电压增大而增大。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的触觉反馈模组，其特征在于，所述导电电极层包括电连接的驱动部和电极部，所述薄膜绝缘层、所述导电电极层的驱动部以及所述弹性层层叠设置，相同电压极性的导电电极层的电极部分别作为触觉反馈模组的驱动信号输入的正负电极。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的触觉反馈模组，其特征在于，所述弹性层厚度为10微米-100微米。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的触觉反馈模组，其特征在于，所述弹性层包括多个独立的柱状弹性体，所述柱状弹性体高度为30微米-50微米。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的触觉反馈模组，其特征在于，所述柱状弹性体以不均匀的疏密度分布于所述弹性层中。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的触觉反馈模组，其特征在于，所述导电电极层为碳浆层或银浆层。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的触觉反馈模组，其特征在于，所述导电电极层的厚度为10微米。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的触觉反馈模组，其特征在于，所述薄膜绝缘层为PET材质。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的触觉反馈模组，其特征在于，所述薄膜绝缘层厚度为50微米。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的触觉反馈模组，其特征在于，所述薄膜绝缘层、所述导电电极层和所述弹性层采用双面胶或水胶进行叠层粘合。
  12. 一种薄膜键盘，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-11任意一项所述的触觉反馈模组。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的薄膜键盘，其特征在于，还包括控制器，所述控制器连接所述触觉反馈模组的导电电极层。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的薄膜键盘，其特征在于，还包括电压控制电路，所述电压控制电路连接所述控制器和所述导电电极层。
  15. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求12-14任意一项所述的薄膜键盘。
PCT/CN2019/119198 2019-11-18 2019-11-18 触觉反馈模组、薄膜键盘及电子设备 WO2021097615A1 (zh)

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US20080284277A1 (en) * 2007-05-14 2008-11-20 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Electroactive polymer actuator and manufacturing method thereof
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US20080284277A1 (en) * 2007-05-14 2008-11-20 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Electroactive polymer actuator and manufacturing method thereof
US20140139328A1 (en) * 2012-11-21 2014-05-22 Strategic Polymer Sciences, Inc. Haptic system with localized response
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