WO2021095947A1

WO2021095947A1 - Triboelectric generator

Info

Publication number: WO2021095947A1
Application number: PCT/KR2019/015686
Authority: WO
Inventors: 박진형; 조한철
Original assignee: 한국생산기술연구원
Priority date: 2019-11-15
Filing date: 2019-11-15
Publication date: 2021-05-20
Also published as: KR102312834B1; KR20210059263A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a triboelectric generator comprising: a second charged body which generates charges by contact with and separation from a first charged body; an electrode which is embedded in the second charged body; and an electrode terminal via which the charges moving through the electrode are drawn out.

Description

Tribological warfare generator

The present invention relates to an energy harvesting device that converts mechanical energy due to vibration into electrical energy, and more particularly, to a triboelectric power plant capable of exhibiting high output.

Unlike conventional eco-friendly energy such as solar power generation and wind power generation, the triboelectric power plant is a new concept eco-friendly energy power plant that converts consumable mechanical energy generated from micro-vibration or human movements in the surrounding area into electrical energy. can do.

Specifically, a triboelectric power plant generates friction between different dielectrics or between dielectrics and metal through external pressure or vibration, and generates electricity from a potential difference induced by the generated friction. It is known to be able to provide 10 to 100 times the power.

The output of such a triboelectric power generator may be determined by the characteristics of the material causing the triboelectric charge (work function, ionization tendency, chemical potential, etc.), the composition and structure of the material, and the like. However, the conventional triboelectric power plant does not exhibit a higher output due to the limitation of the charging characteristics of the material when generating induction electricity through friction. In addition, due to the lack of flexibility of the material, the applicability of the triboelectric power plant is not wide, and the durability is not expressed at the required level.

Accordingly, there is a need for a triboelectric power plant that exhibits high output and is excellent in flexibility and can be applied to various fields.

The present invention is by introducing an electrode capable of efficiently focusing electric charges and improving the coupling relationship between the electrode and the electrode terminal. It is intended to provide a triboelectric generator capable of displaying high power.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention includes: a second electric charge generating electric charge by contacting and separating the electric charge with the first electric charge; An electrode inserted into the second charge body; And an electrode terminal for drawing the charge moving through the electrode to the outside, wherein a partial region of the electrode and a partial region of the electrode terminal are in point contact.

The electrode may include a plurality of unit electrode bodies dispersed in the second charger, and the unit electrode body may include a body portion and a protrusion provided in the body portion.

A partial region of the electrode in point contact with a partial region of the electrode terminal may be the protrusion.

The electric charge may be focused on the protrusion.

The body portion may have elasticity.

The body portion may have at least one shape selected from the group consisting of a straight type, a curved type, a spiral type, and a zigzag type.

The body portion is spiral, and the protrusion may be provided toward a central axis of the spiral body portion.

The protrusion may have at least one shape selected from the group consisting of a needle-shaped, conical, polygonal pyramid, and serrated shape.

The density of the protrusions may be 1000 or less per 1 mm of the body unit length, and the tip angle of the protrusion may be less than 90 °.

The second charge may be a negative charge generating negative charge, and the negative charge may include an organic polymer compound having a surface potential of -100 mV or less measured by Calvin probe force microscopy.

In the triboelectric power generator according to the present invention, a certain region of the electrode and a certain region of the electrode terminal are combined (connected) in point contact, so that the electric charge concentrated on the electrode is discharged toward the electrode terminal at a high resistance value (inducing microdischarge). Because of this, it can show high output.

In addition, in the triboelectric power plant according to the present invention, the second charger into which the electrode is inserted has flexibility, and the size of the second charger into which the electrode is inserted can be easily adjusted according to the application field of the triboelectric power plant, so it has excellent applicability. And economic feasibility.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a triboelectric power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a perspective view showing a unit electrode body included in a triboelectric power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 and 4 are reference views for explaining a body portion and a protrusion constituting a unit electrode body included in a triboelectric power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a reference diagram for explaining the principle of operation of a triboelectric power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6 to 9 are reference diagrams for explaining experimental examples of the present invention.

Terms and words used in the description and claims of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to their usual or dictionary meanings, and the inventors appropriately explain the concept of terms in order to explain their own invention in the best way. Based on the principle that it can be defined, it should be interpreted as a meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention.

The triboelectric power generator according to the present invention includes an electrode having a structure capable of efficiently focusing electric charges, and the electrode and the electrode terminal are combined in point contact so that the electric charge concentrated on the electrode can be discharged in a state having a high resistance value. It is (connected), and it will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as follows.

Referring to FIG. 1, a triboelectric power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a second charger 10, an electrode 20, and an electrode terminal 30.

The second charger 10 included in the triboelectric power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention may serve to generate electric charges by contacting and separating the first charger 40. The second charger 10 may be a positive charge generating positive charge (+) or a negative charge generating negative charge (-).

Here, the second charger 10 may be a negative charge generating negative charge. The negative charge may include one or more selected from the group consisting of silicone rubber, polysiloxane, polyurethane, polyester, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate. Specifically, the second charge 10 may be a negative charge, and in this case, the negative charge has a surface potential of -100 mV or less (specifically, -300 to -1000 mV, or -800 to -900 mV) of an organic polymer compound (polysiloxane-based compound) may be included. The surface potential may be a value measured under conditions of room temperature (20±5° C.) and 50% relative humidity. As described above, when the second charger 10 includes an organic polymer compound having a surface potential of -100 mV or less, it is possible to generate a large amount of negative charges, thereby providing a triboelectric power generator exhibiting high output. In addition, flexibility is imparted to the second charger 10 due to the organic polymer compound, thereby providing a triboelectric power generator with improved applicability and workability.

The electrode 20 included in the triboelectric power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention is inserted into the second charger 10, and temporarily stores the electric charge generated in the second charger 10, and It may serve to supply electric charge to the electrode terminal 30. The electrode 20 may include a plurality of unit electrode bodies 21 dispersed within the second charger 10 so as to have a high surface area per unit area, which will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 2. Then it looks like this:

Referring to FIG. 2, each of the plurality of unit electrode bodies 21 may include a body portion 21a and a protrusion portion 21b.

The body portion (21a) included in the unit electrode body (21) serves to temporarily store the electric charge generated in the second charger (10), and the electrode terminal (30) through contact with the electrode terminal (30). It can play a role of supplying electric charge to the body. This body portion (21a) may have elasticity. When the body part 21a has elasticity, even if the second charger 10 and the electrode 20 are deformed by an external force, they can be varied in response, and thus applicability (usefulness ) And a frictional charging power plant with improved durability can be provided.

The shape of the body portion 21a is not limited to FIG. 2 and may have various shapes. Specifically, the body portion 21a may have one or more shapes selected from the group consisting of a straight line, a curved shape, a spiral shape, and a zigzag shape, as shown in FIG. 3. More specifically, the shape of the body portion 21a may be spiral. When the body portion 21a is spiral, the electrode 20 may have a higher surface area per unit area while exhibiting high elasticity.

The protrusion 21b included in the unit electrode body 21 may serve to focus electric charges generated in the second charger 10. That is, the electric charge generated by the second charger 10 moves to the body portion 21a of the unit electrode body 21, and the transferred electric charge (all or part) is the protrusion 21b of the unit electrode body 21 It is focused (specifically, focused on the tip of the protrusion 21b). In this case, the electric charge focused on the protrusion 21b may be supplied to the electrode terminal 30 through the contact between the protrusion 21b and the electrode terminal 30. When the protrusion 21b makes point contact with a partial region of the electrode terminal 30, microdischarge occurs and the output of the charge is amplified, and a detailed description thereof will be described later.

The shape of the protrusion 21b is not limited to FIG. 2 and may have various shapes. Specifically, the protrusion 21b may have one or more shapes selected from the group consisting of a straight type, a needle type (for example, a triangle, a barbed type, a needle type, etc.), a conical type, a polygonal pyramid type, and a sawtooth type, as shown in FIG. 4. have.

Here, when the body portion 21a is a spiral, the protrusion 21b may be provided toward the central axis X of the spiral body portion. When the protrusion 21b is provided toward the central axis X of the spiral body, the contact with the electrode terminal 30 can be made stably, the efficiency of focusing the electric charge is increased, and the electric charge output is further amplified, resulting in a high output frictional charge. Can provide power plant.

The density of the protrusions 21b may be 1000 or less, specifically 1 to 500, or 10 to 100 per 1mm of the body part 21a. In addition, the tip angle θ of the protrusion may be less than 90 °, specifically 1 to 60 °, or 1 to 30 °. When the density and the tip angle θ of the protrusions 21b are each within the above ranges, the concentration efficiency of electric charges is increased, and the electric charge output is further amplified, thereby providing a triboelectric power generating element exhibiting high output.

The unit electrode body 21 including the body portion 21a and the protrusion portion 21b may include a metal capable of storing and moving electric charges. Specifically, the unit electrode body includes at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), gold (Au), platinum (Pt), and copper (Cu). can do.

The electrode terminal 30 included in the triboelectric power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention may serve to withdraw electric charges moving through the electrode 20 to the outside. These electrode terminals 30 may be in the form of a conventionally known wire. The electrode terminal 30 is coupled (connected to) with an external circuit or an energy storage device, so that electric charges transferred from the electrode 20 to the electrode terminal 30 may be supplied to the external circuit or the energy storage device.

The triboelectric power generator according to the embodiment of the present invention provides a triboelectric power generator exhibiting high output by having a partial region of the electrode 20 and a partial region of the electrode terminal 30 in point-contact. can do. That is, the electric charge generated by the second charger 10 is output to the outside through the electrode 20 and the electrode terminal 30, and at this time, a partial region of the electrode 20 and a partial region of the electrode terminal 30 are As a result of contact, a microdischarge occurs in the process of outputting the charge stored in the electrode 20 to a portion of the electrode terminal 30 in point contact (the charge is discharged to a high resistance value), and the charge output is amplified to indicate high output. It is possible to provide a triboelectric power generator. In this case, the point contact may be defined as a point in which a partial region of the electrode 20 and a partial region of the electrode terminal 30 contact each other and the contacted region forms a point. In addition, in the range of the point contact, a state in which a portion of the electrode 20 and a portion of the electrode terminal 30 are close to just before the point contact (for example, the separation distance between the electrode 20 and the electrode terminal 30 is 100 to 3000 ㎛ state) may also be included.

Here, a partial region of the electrode 20 may be a protrusion 21b included in the unit electrode body 21, and a partial region of the electrode terminal 30 may be a surface of the electrode terminal 30. When a partial region of the electrode 20 is the protrusion 21b included in the unit electrode body 21, the electric charge output is more amplified and the output of the triboelectric power generator can be increased.

Meanwhile, the first charger 40 that is in contact with and separates from the second charger 10 included in the triboelectric power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention is a positive charge generating positive charge (+) or a negative charge (- It may be an entire music bill that generates ). Specifically, the first charger 40 may be a positive charge generating positive charge. Here, the positive charge is not particularly limited as long as it generates a positive charge. Specifically, both units are wool, silk, mica, nylon, rubber, paper, glass, fur, polystyrene, It may include at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylchloride, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and polyimide.

In the triboelectric power plant according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electric charge may be output in the same process as shown in FIG. 5. That is, in the triboelectric power generating device (see Fig. 5 (a)) including the electrode 20 inserted into the second charger 10 and the electrode terminal 30 contacted with the electrode 20, When the first charger 40 and the second charger 10 contact each other (refer to FIG. 5B), the positive charge due to friction between the first charger 40 and the second charger 10 and Generation and movement of negative charges can occur. Thereafter, when the first charger 40 and the second charger 10 are separated, the electric charge (negative charge) generated in the second charger 10 moves through the electrode 20 and is supplied to the electrode terminal 30. Then, the electric charge supplied to the electrode terminal 30 may move to an external circuit or energy storage unit. Here, the protrusion 21b included in the unit electrode body 21 constituting the electrode 20 makes point contact with a partial region of the electrode terminal 30, and the charge moved from the body 21a to the protrusion 21b is In the state of being focused on the protrusion 21b, it moves to the electrode terminal 30. At this time, as the micro-discharge occurs in the process of moving the electric charge (as the resistance value increases when the charge moves), the output amplification occurs, and the frictional charge generator is It will be able to show high power.

Since the frictional charging power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention can freely adjust its size while having high power and flexibility, it can be efficiently used in various fields (for example, wearable devices, smart electronic devices, automobiles, sensors, etc.). Can be applied.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by examples. However, the following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention, and that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention and the scope of the technical idea are obvious to those skilled in the art, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[준비예 1 내지 4][Preparation Examples 1 to 4]

An aluminum (Al) unit electrode body provided with a needle-shaped protrusion in the spiral body portion as shown in FIG. 2 was prepared as shown in Table 1 below.

구분division	나선형 몸체부의 높이(H)Height of the spiral body (H)	침상형 돌기부의 밀도(나선형 몸체부 단위 길이 1㎜ 당 개수)Density of needle-shaped protrusions (number per unit length of helical body part 1mm)	침상형 돌기부의 선단 각도(θ)The tip angle of the needle-shaped protrusion (θ)
준비예 1Preparation Example 1	1 ㎜1 mm	100100	10°10°
준비예 2Preparation Example 2	2 ㎜2 mm	8080	20°20°
준비예 3Preparation Example 3	4 ㎜4 mm	5050	40°40°
준비예 4Preparation Example 4	6 ㎜6 mm	2020	60°60°

[실험예 1][Experimental Example 1]

Each aluminum unit electrode body according to Preparation Examples 1 to 4 and an electrode terminal wire (Cu wire) were separated by a distance of 1000 μm, and the electric field was measured by COMSOL simulation, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.

구분division	전기장Electric field
준비예 1Preparation Example 1	4.11×10⁶ V/m4.11×10 ⁶ V/m
준비예 2Preparation Example 2	3.46×10⁶ V/m3.46×10 ⁶ V/m
준비예 3Preparation Example 3	3.02×10⁶ V/m3.02×10 ⁶ V/m
준비예 4Preparation Example 4	2.89×10⁶ V/m2.89×10 ⁶ V/m

Referring to Table 2, it can be seen that the smaller the tip angle of the protrusion, the higher the electric field measurement value.

[실시예 1 내지 4][Examples 1 to 4]

Each of the aluminum unit electrode bodies of Preparation Examples 1 to 4 was put in a plurality of transparent containers, a polysiloxane-based compound solution (Smooth-On, Inc.) was added, and then dried at room temperature for 2 hours to consist of a plurality of aluminum unit electrode bodies. An electrode structure having a structure in which an electrode (negative electrode, total weight: 0.2 g) is dispersed in a second electric charge (negative charge, total weight: 11 g) (a content ratio of an electrode: a second electric charge = 1:55 weight ratio) Each was prepared. At this time, the second charge (negative charge) constituting each of the manufactured electrode structures was measured with a Calvin probe force microscope (Parks systems XE10) under conditions of 23° C. and 50% relative humidity, respectively, as a result of measuring the surface potential. The average value was found to be -815.514 mV.

A triboelectric power generator in which the electrode (negative electrode) and the electrode terminal are in point contact was manufactured by inserting a wire-type electrode terminal (Cu wire) into the second charger (negative charge) of each manufactured electrode structure.

[비교예 1][Comparative Example 1]

A triboelectric power generator (electrode and electrode terminal) in the same process as in Example 1, except that an aluminum plate having a size of 50 mm × 50 mm × 1 mm (width × height × height) was applied as an electrode instead of the aluminum unit electrode body of Preparation Example 1. Was prepared.

[실험예 2][Experimental Example 2]

The amount of charge in the LCR ((Inductance, L), (Capacitance, C), (Resistance, R)) meter while causing frictional charging by placing the triboelectrically charged generators of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 on a pushing tester, respectively, by applying a force of 5kgf. Was measured, and the results are shown in FIG. 6. At this time, a nitrile rubber was applied as the first charger (both chargers).

Referring to FIG. 6, it was confirmed that Example 1 corresponding to the triboelectric power generator of the present invention had a greater variation in charge than Comparative Example 1. This point can be seen as supporting the excellent output characteristics (high current summation amount) of the triboelectric power plant of the present invention.

[실험예 3][Experimental Example 3]

The triboelectric output boost adapter (ATSOLUTION's TENG EHA01 Co., Ltd.) was applied to the output terminal, while the triboelectric output boost adapter (TENG EHA01 of ATSOLUTION Co., Ltd.) was applied to the output terminal while causing frictional charging by applying a force of 5kgf to the pushing tester, respectively, to measure the output characteristics And the results are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. At this time, a nitrile rubber was applied as the first charger (both chargers).

Referring to FIG. 7, Example 1 corresponding to the triboelectric power generator of the present invention has a high measurement width of voltage and current, and the voltage and current measurement peaks are not continuous and independent linear (specifically, as microdischarge occurs). When the time is 0.00 to 0.15 sec, refer to). Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 8, in Comparative Example 1, it was confirmed that the measurement width of voltage and current was low, and the voltage and current measurement peaks were continuously displayed. This point can be seen as supporting that micro-discharge occurs in the triboelectric power plant of the present invention, and thus the output characteristics are excellent.

[실험예 4][Experimental Example 4]

The frictional charging power plant of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was subjected to a 1% repeated tensile test with a universal compression tensile tester (JSV-H1000) to evaluate the durability of the frictional charging power plant, and the results are shown in FIG. .

Referring to FIG. 9, it was confirmed that the resistance change in Example 1 corresponding to the triboelectric power generator of the present invention did not change even if the cycle was increased, whereas in Comparative Example 1, the resistance change occurred rapidly after 200 times. This point can be seen as supporting the excellent durability of the triboelectric power plant of the present invention.

Claims

A second electric charge generating electric charge by contacting and separating the electric charge with the first electric charge;

An electrode inserted into the second charge body; And

Including an electrode terminal for drawing the charge moving through the electrode to the outside,

A triboelectric power generator in which a partial region of the electrode and a partial region of the electrode terminal are in point contact.
The method according to claim 1,

The electrode includes a plurality of unit electrode bodies dispersed in the second charge body,

The unit electrode body is a frictional charging generator comprising a body portion and a protrusion provided in the body portion.
The method according to claim 2,

A triboelectric power generator wherein a partial region of the electrode in point contact with a partial region of the electrode terminal is the protrusion.
The method according to claim 2,

The electric charge is focused on the protrusion.
The method according to claim 2,

The frictional charging power generator of the body portion having elasticity.
The method according to claim 2,

The body portion is a triboelectric power generator having at least one shape selected from the group consisting of a straight type, a curved type, a spiral type and a zigzag type.
The method of claim 6,

The body portion is spiral,

Wherein the protrusion is provided toward the central axis of the spiral body portion of the frictional charging power plant.
The method according to claim 2,

The protrusion is a triboelectric power generator having at least one shape selected from the group consisting of a needle-shaped, conical, polygonal pyramid, and serrated shape.
The method according to claim 2,

The density of the protrusions is 1000 or less per 1 mm of the body unit length,

The tip angle of the protrusion is less than 90 ° a triboelectric power generator.
The method according to claim 1,

The second electric charge is a negative electric charge generating negative charge,

The negative charge is a triboelectric charge generator containing an organic polymer compound having a surface potential of -100 mV or less measured by Calvin probe force microscopy.