WO2021087547A1 - Micro station d'énergie sans émission - Google Patents

Micro station d'énergie sans émission Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021087547A1
WO2021087547A1 PCT/AU2020/000130 AU2020000130W WO2021087547A1 WO 2021087547 A1 WO2021087547 A1 WO 2021087547A1 AU 2020000130 W AU2020000130 W AU 2020000130W WO 2021087547 A1 WO2021087547 A1 WO 2021087547A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
systems
algae
submersible
power station
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2020/000130
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English (en)
Inventor
Kenneth William Patterson Drysdale
Original Assignee
Kenneth William Patterson Drysdale
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2019904231A external-priority patent/AU2019904231A0/en
Application filed by Kenneth William Patterson Drysdale filed Critical Kenneth William Patterson Drysdale
Publication of WO2021087547A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021087547A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/064—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a gas turbine cycle, i.e. compressor and gas turbine combination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
    • F03G6/066—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle of the Organic Rankine Cycle [ORC] type or the Kalina Cycle type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
    • C12M43/08—Bioreactors or fermenters combined with devices or plants for production of electricity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/10—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids forming pools or ponds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/10—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids forming pools or ponds
    • F24S10/17—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids forming pools or ponds using covers or floating solar absorbing elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/30—Solar heat collectors using working fluids with means for exchanging heat between two or more working fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/90—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation
    • F24S10/95—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation having evaporator sections and condenser sections, e.g. heat pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/70—Waterborne solar heat collector modules
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S90/00—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/02—Photobioreactors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M31/00—Means for providing, directing, scattering or concentrating light
    • C12M31/02—Means for providing, directing, scattering or concentrating light located outside the reactor
    • C12M31/06—Lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D13/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven for submerged use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S2020/10—Solar modules layout; Modular arrangements
    • F24S2020/18—Solar modules layout; Modular arrangements having a particular shape, e.g. prismatic, pyramidal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/80—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for controlling collection or absorption of solar radiation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/59—Biological synthesis; Biological purification
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to thermodynamic power cycles and Micro Power Stations, and to systems and apparatus for use in generating power by utilizing low grade heat and which produce a cooling effect in an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) (which will be familiar to those skilled in the art).
  • ORC organic Rankine cycle
  • the invention relates in particular, but not exclusively, to systems which create a power generation and or a cooling effect by the use low grade heat in an ORC with minimum energy waste.
  • the present invention relates to such a micro infra structure with its many benefits to a society which requires clean, reliable low cost, easily accessible, flexible, fast and dispatchable power. These benefits can be achieved in a micro power station design which is a mass producible hybrid solar, bio-methane,
  • Substitute Sheet (Rule 26) RO/AU power generator, driven from solar thermal radiance, natural gas and biowaste.
  • the solar heat collection and concentration are achieved using a floating lens system which concentrates the solar thermal radiation onto a base plate which in turn heats a water enclosure.
  • the lens base is shaped to provide an interlocking function with other similar lenses.
  • the interlocked lenses form an insulation layer over the water enclosure which captures and retains the solar heat.
  • Substitute Sheet (Rule 26) RO/AU environmental properties such as low global warming (GWP) and ozone depletion (OD) potentials.
  • the evaporator heat exchanger is in close association with the warm water surface performing the evaporation function and that at the bottom of the channel the condensing function.
  • the heat rejected through the condenser circulates to the surface of the said channel allowing the temperature at the bottom of the channel to remain constant.
  • the heat rejected is passed to successive ORC power generation cycles downstream from each other.
  • the energy depleted warm water is passed into the second water enclosure where it mixes with energy rich freshly heated water resulting in an increase in the temperature of the second enclosure, ready for another pass back to the first water enclosure.
  • the temperature of the water rises until it reaches the temperature of the base plate in the said lens bases.
  • the system reaches thermal equilibrium when the heat introduced is balanced by the heat dissipated in the production of electricity plus that absorbed by the thermal losses.
  • the said lens system is comprised of weatherproof, ultra violet resistant acrylic plastic with a thin metal base plate and flanges.
  • the said lens system has sufficient buoyancy to float.
  • the said lens system metal base plate is thin (for example between 0.5 and 1.5 mm)
  • the said lens system base plate is painted matt black.
  • said the lens system base plate is a blackbody radiator.
  • the acrylic base of the said lens system has flanges.
  • the said flanges form a hexagon shaped base.
  • Substitute Sheet (Rule 26) RO/AU
  • the said lens system flanges can interlock with adjacent similar lenses.
  • the said lens system flanges have embedded magnets.
  • the said lens system magnets attract similar adjacent lens systems.
  • the said lens systems can interlock with each other.
  • the said lens systems magnets perform a guidance function to interlock.
  • the said lens systems seal thermally to reduce thermal losses.
  • the said heat acquisition system comprises at least two water enclosures.
  • the said water enclosures are shallow (for example between 0.5 metres and one metre deep)
  • the said water enclosures are interconnected with the said deep channel.
  • heated water can be pumped bidirectionally between the said enclosures.
  • the said deep channel comprises at least two heat exchangers.
  • the said first heat exchanger is located close to channel surface and fully emersed.
  • the second said heat exchanger is located at the bottom of the deep
  • Substitute Sheet (Rule 26) RO/AU channel and fully emersed.
  • the said channel is deep relative to the said enclosures(s).
  • auxiliary heating is provided by natural gas.
  • auxiliary gas heaters are submersed at each end of the said water enclosures and at the entrance to the said deep channel.
  • the condensed water from the combustion process containing carbonic acid is passed into algae races in a separate water enclosure.
  • the said water is filtered prior to entering the Algae races.
  • the said water has PH level which is alkaline (for example a PH of between 7 and 8).
  • auxiliary electricity is provided by the use of a biomass generator.
  • auxiliary heating is provided by the use of biomass combustion.
  • heating is provided by all three fueling methods comprising solar thermal heat concentration, methane from liquid petroleum gas (LPG) and methane from biomass.
  • LPG liquid petroleum gas
  • Substitute Sheet (Rule 26)
  • an electronic control system determines the optimum mix of solar heating and methane from biomass and natural gas.
  • the burning of natural gas in air produces carbon dioxide and water.
  • the combustion temperature is optimally low causing only carbon dioxide and water to be emitted by the combustion process.
  • the carbon dioxide is passed into algae races in a separate water enclosure to be broken down into oxygen and carbon by the algae.
  • the algae is harvested several times a year and processed into agricultural feedstock and or other useful by products (for example pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals etc)
  • the excess water is condensed, filtered and stored for future use.
  • the process is used in dry arid remote areas where water animal feed and power are in short supply and/or where the inhabitants rely on rainfall only.
  • the system may provide cooling in areas which are usually hot and where the inhabitants need shelter, cooling, food and power.
  • the ORC comprises at least one working fluid receiving means, evaporator heat exchanger, micro turbine power generator, condensing heat exchanger and throttling valve.
  • R744 liquid carbon dioxide is used as the working fluid.
  • the heated working fluid is boiled, evaporated, flashes to vapor and is compressed and used to produce useful power.
  • the energy depleted vapor changes state to liquid, is condensed to reject heat through the condenser and
  • Substitute Sheet (Rule 26) RO/AU commence a new cycle.
  • micro turbine blade structure is designed to support subsonic, sonic, supersonic and hypersonic operation.
  • the entire unit housing the rotating mechanism is thus relatively small and preferably operates at a high speed.
  • the integrated unit comprises at least one compressor, turbine and power generator mounted on a single shaft for efficiency.
  • the power generation components comprise low loss material capable of supporting the high speed operation (for example any low loss ferrite based magnetic material capable of operating at the required high speed with suitable power handling capabilities, for example similar to that produced by Neosid Pty Ltd, Australia such as F5C manganese zinc soft ferrite material).
  • low loss material capable of supporting the high speed operation
  • any low loss ferrite based magnetic material capable of operating at the required high speed with suitable power handling capabilities, for example similar to that produced by Neosid Pty Ltd, Australia such as F5C manganese zinc soft ferrite material.
  • the electrical stator is comprised of such material and the rotor comprised of rare earth permanent magnets.
  • the stator is comprised of a series of winding windows containing turns of preferably high temperature enamel coated copper wire.
  • the rare earth magnet rotor produces a rotating magnetic field inside the stator causing a voltage to be generated within its windings which are preferably connected in a suitable arrangement to create an optimal power match to an external load.
  • the said stator winding ends are be brought out to an electronic switching arrangement which enables the number of stator turns to be switched in or out to obtain an optimal power match to the said external load.
  • the benefit of such a system is a reduction in internal heat losses due to fractional power mismatches as the generator internal impedance varies with varying speed, temperature and lifecycle changes in the magnetic material.
  • capillary tubes or a refrigeration valve is used for throttling.
  • Substitute Sheet (Rule 26) RO/AU
  • the said heat exchangers are comprised of K65 copper tubing arranged in a zig zag pattern across the width of the said deep channel connecting the two said water enclosures.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of the solar concentrating lens including a plan view of the hexagon base according to the present invention
  • Figure 1A is a pressure enthalpy diagram of an ORC cycle as applied to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of an Emission Free Micro Power Station layout according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a view of the principle components of the Emission Free Micro Power Station looking into an entrance of the deep channel according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 is an exploded side view of the of the principle components of an engineering drawing of a miniature micro turbo generator showing the compressor, turbine and electric generator on the same shaft with an explanatory legend according to the present invention.
  • a side view of the solar concentrating lens including a view of the hexagon base according to the present invention generally referenced by arrow 100 comprising, transparent outer dome wall 1, thermally conducting base plate 2, data transmitting sensor 3, base station 4, heat collection surface 5, refractive liquid cavity 6, hexagon base 7.
  • the solar concentrating lens is comprised of a sealed dome with transparent outer wall 1 which floats on the surface of a shallow water enclosure. The sun’s rays enter refractive cavity 6 and are retracted to form an area of concentrated heat energy on base plate 2 raising its temperature.
  • the base plate 2 acts a black body radiator absorbing the incident solar heat energy. The higher temperature of base plate 2 causes heat to be
  • Substitute Sheet (Rule 26) RO/AU transferred to the surface of the said shallow water enclosure beneath the said heat collector. Air trapped in the said dome causes the said heat collector to float.
  • the base of the said unit has hexagon shaped flanges 7 to allow multiple units to interlock with each other when populating the surface of the said water enclosure.
  • the sun’s rays absorbed by base plate 2 cause its temperature to rise.
  • the higher temperature heat collector bases collectively form a thermally insulating cover which traps heat at the surface of the said water enclosure preventing heat to escape. As heat collection progresses the surface temperature of the water rises until thermal equilibrium is reached by the base plates. The temperature of the water on the surface of the said enclosure is thus preserved at the point of thermal equilibrium.
  • the ORC thermodynamic cycle follows the heavy lines illustrated on the pressure enthalpy diagram illustrated in Figure 1A.
  • R744 refrigerant liquid at approximately 18°C, pressure 56 bar and enthalpy 255 kJ/kg (point A) is heated by the said first heat exchanger, acquires an enthalpy of approximately enthalpy 497 kJ/kg (point F), flashes to vapor at a temperature of approximately 55°C and pressure 56 bar.
  • the compressor compresses the working fluid vapor to approximately 100 bar, temperature of 94°C and an enthalpy of 495 kJ/kg (point G’).
  • the heat of compression being approximately 8 kJ/kg as illustrated by the enthalpy difference between points G and G’.
  • the said second heat exchanger causes the condensing cycle to commence at approximately 398 kJ/kg, 25°C and pressure 74 bar (point D), proceeding to 255 kJ/kg, 18°C and pressure 74 bar point (E) .
  • the throttling Tx valve or capillary tubing drops the pressure to 56 bar, 18°C and enthalpy 255 kJ/kg back to (point A) to complete the thermodynamic cycle.
  • the work done by the turbine can be computed using the following equation
  • C P is the specific heat of carbon dioxide at constant pressure in (kj /kg)
  • T 1 is the temperature of the working fluid immediately after compression in (°C)
  • T 2 is the condensing temperature in (°C).
  • Substitute Sheet (Rule 26) RO/AU 200 comprising, first shallow water enclosure 8, second shallow water enclosure 9, first submersible pump 10, second submersible pump 11, biodigester 12, algae races 14, micro power generator 13, first heat transfer flue 15, second heat transfer flue 16, micro power generator 14, deep water channel 17, turbine 13 (in Figure 2), 18 (in Figure 3), submersible evaporator heat exchanger 19, submersible condenser heat exchanger 20, ORC cycle piping 21, compressor 22, turbine generator 23, evaporator output 24, compressor input 25, turbine output 26, common shaft 27, condenser input 28, condenser output 29, evaporator input 30.
  • the water heated by multiple lens systems as described above from shallow enclosure 8 is pumped using submersible pump 10 through the deep water channel 17 via evaporator heat exchanger 19. Heat is transferred from the surface of the water in enclosure 8 to evaporator heat exchanger 19. Evaporator 19 heats the working fluid liquid from submersed condenser heat exchanger 20 to point (F) as shown in above pressure/enthalpy diagram.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown a view of the principle components of the Emission Free Micro Power Station looking into an entrance of the said deep channel according to the present invention comprising deep concrete channel 17, turbine 18, submersible evaporator heat exchanger 19, submersible condenser heat exchanger 20, ORC cycle piping and connections 21, compressor 22, turbine generator 23, evaporator output 24, compressor input 245 turbine output 26, common shaft 27, condenser input 28, condenser output 29, evaporator input 30.
  • the compressor 22 compresses the working fluid to raise the temperature and pressure to point Cf on the pressure enthalpy diagram referred to above in Figure 1A.
  • Turbine 18 removes energy from the cycle to generate power reducing the pressure to point D on the said diagram.
  • the condenser heat exchanger 20 removes the heat of evaporation from the working fluid to arrive at point E on the said diagram and finally the throttling Tx valve reduces the pressure to arrive back at point A, to complete the thermodynamic cycle.
  • evaporator heat exchanger is situated in close proximity to the surface of the heated water passing through channel 17 in Figure 3 and the condenser heat exchanger in close proximity to the bottom of the said channel.
  • Substitute Sheet (Rule 26) RO/AU by condenser 20 is circulated to the surface of channel 17 by convection ensuring that the water at the bottom of the said channel remains constant.
  • the volume of channel 17 should be at least twice that of the said two water enclosures 8 and 9.
  • the heat rejected downstream from each condenser passes into water enclosure 9 from water enclosure 8 on the first pass during daylight hours mixing with and raising the temperature of water enclosure 9. Overnight the process is reversed providing a sixteen hour power generation capability from the radiant energy collected during the daylight hours.
  • the temperature in enclosures 8 and 9 increases due to the heat retention attributes of the said interlocking solar thermal lens systems. The temperature continues to rise until that of the blackbody baseplates of the said lenses stablises.
  • thermo couples were placed on the top and bottom of the lens baseplate.
  • the first data was logged at 10:50 am and as can be seen from the table of data, the temperature at the top of the blackbody baseplate was 55°C and that at the bottom 37°C at 12:10 pm.
  • the ambient temperature was logged and confirmed by the weather station readings as shown.
  • the temperatures at the top in the control tank varied between 25°C and 30°C with that at the bottom remaining stable at 22°C. stable throughout the test.
  • the temperature at the top of the test tank reached 37°C and that at the bottom remained constant at between 23 °C and 24°C.
  • the volume of water in both tanks was approximately 1,443 litres.
  • the solar radiance level was taken from the Australian AREMI database as 24 MJ/m2 during daylight hours (Acknowledge: Reference table above).
  • FIG. 4 there is shown an exploded side view of an engineering drawing of the of the principle components of a miniature micro turbo generator showing the compressor, turbine and electric generator on A common shaft and legend according to the present invention.
  • Substitute Sheet (Rule 26) RO/AU Following on from the previous descriptions, high pressure energy rich working fluid vapor is passed to at least one converging nozzle situated in the turbine casing where it is accelerated at the nozzle throat to preferably a sonic, velocity. After passing through the throat the working fluid is further expanded and preferably acquires a supersonic and then hypersonic velocity. The expanded nozzle exit is in close association with the turbine blade structure such as to cause the working fluid to acquire a hypersonic velocity at the nozzle/blade interface, passing around the blade in a scroll on the inside of the turbine casing, then slowing down through and out of the blade structure at the central aperture, at an angle normal to the blade exit. The result is that the turbine blade structure rotates on the common shaft producing motive power.
  • the energy depleted working fluid passes into the condenser at the bottom of the said channel where the temperature is a constant. It is anticipated that the water temperature on the outer surface of the condenser tubing will be approximately 18°C and that of the working fluid inside the said condenser at approximately 25°C.
  • the exit temperature of the working fluid from the turbine blade structure is approximately 25°C at 74 bar pressure and at an enthalpy of 398 kJ/kg.
  • the remainder of the heat of evaporation at 25 °C is absorbed into the deep channel through the walls of the condenser tubing.
  • the working fluid changes state back to a liquid at a pressure of approximately 74 bar, enthalpy of 255 kJ/kg and temperature 18°C.
  • the throttling means causes the pressure to drop back to 56 bar from 74 bar at 18°C to complete the thermodynamic cycle. All the components of the ORC cycle are hermetically sealed, evacuated to a low pressure and charged with the preferred refrigerant and manufactured to comply with the quality standards of a conventional air conditioning cycle.
  • the shape of the turbine blade structure is similar to that of an automobile turbo charger.
  • the said electric generator can act as an electric motor in reverse.
  • the said system can be started by the said electric motor/generator.

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Abstract

Selon la présente invention, au fur et à mesure que la société avance vers un monde neutre en carbone, il est essentiel que les générateurs d'énergie utilisent des technologies produites en masse, à faible coût, sans émission pour aider à répondre à des objectifs approuvés au niveau international, tels que l'accord de Paris. La « micro station d'énergie sans émission » combine le collecteur de chaleur, un moyen de génération et de stockage d'énergie dans le même système éliminant le besoin de systèmes de batterie coûteux à grande échelle. La société moderne recherche des procédés permettant de réduire les émissions de dioxyde de carbone et de fournir une énergie distribuable propre, économique, rapide, fiable, élastique, en symbiose avec d'autres sources d'énergie. La micro station d'énergie sans émission offre ces avantages.
PCT/AU2020/000130 2019-11-10 2020-11-10 Micro station d'énergie sans émission WO2021087547A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (16)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2019904231 2019-11-10
AU2019904231A AU2019904231A0 (en) 2019-11-10 Emission Free Micro Power Station
AU2020900761 2020-03-13
AU2020900761A AU2020900761A0 (en) 2020-03-13 Ground Heat Power Generator
AU2020900959 2020-03-29
AU2020900959A AU2020900959A0 (en) 2020-03-29 Low Grade Heat Power Generator
AU2020901344A AU2020901344A0 (en) 2020-04-29 Combined Power Generation & Cooling System
AU2020901344 2020-04-29
AU2020902138A AU2020902138A0 (en) 2020-06-26 Emission Free Micro Power Station
AU2020902138 2020-06-26
AU2020903006A AU2020903006A0 (en) 2020-08-22 Solar Thermal Micro Power Station
AU2020903006 2020-08-22
AU2020903363 2020-09-19
AU2020903363A AU2020903363A0 (en) 2020-09-19 Integrated solar thermal heat exchange & power generation system
AU2020903618 2020-10-07
AU2020903618A AU2020903618A0 (en) 2020-10-07 Integrated Solar Heat Collection, Power Generation & Storage System

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WO2021087547A1 true WO2021087547A1 (fr) 2021-05-14

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3998204A (en) * 1975-05-13 1976-12-21 Fuchs Francis J Floatable ball
US4377071A (en) * 1980-08-04 1983-03-22 Solmat Systems, Ltd. Solar energy power station
US4408459A (en) * 1977-05-09 1983-10-11 Amnon Yogev Heat storage pond and power plant using same
US20070157614A1 (en) * 2003-01-21 2007-07-12 Goldman Arnold J Hybrid Generation with Alternative Fuel Sources

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3998204A (en) * 1975-05-13 1976-12-21 Fuchs Francis J Floatable ball
US4408459A (en) * 1977-05-09 1983-10-11 Amnon Yogev Heat storage pond and power plant using same
US4377071A (en) * 1980-08-04 1983-03-22 Solmat Systems, Ltd. Solar energy power station
US20070157614A1 (en) * 2003-01-21 2007-07-12 Goldman Arnold J Hybrid Generation with Alternative Fuel Sources

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