WO2021082405A1 - 封隔器及基桩结构 - Google Patents

封隔器及基桩结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021082405A1
WO2021082405A1 PCT/CN2020/091013 CN2020091013W WO2021082405A1 WO 2021082405 A1 WO2021082405 A1 WO 2021082405A1 CN 2020091013 W CN2020091013 W CN 2020091013W WO 2021082405 A1 WO2021082405 A1 WO 2021082405A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cantilever
foundation pile
sleeve
packer
clamp assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/091013
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏传海
马润平
贾恩实
詹昊
阮怀圣
钱淼
刘芸欣
许磊平
Original Assignee
中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司 filed Critical 中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司
Priority to EP20880647.1A priority Critical patent/EP3913145B1/en
Publication of WO2021082405A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021082405A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/226—Protecting piles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/08—Sinking workpieces into water or soil inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E02D27/525—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water using elements penetrating the underwater ground
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/60—Piles with protecting cases
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0008—Methods for grouting offshore structures; apparatus therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
    • E02D15/06—Placing concrete under water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
    • E02D31/04—Watertight packings for use under hydraulic pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
    • E02D5/40—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds in open water

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of marine engineering, in particular to a packer and a foundation pile structure.
  • Underwater piling in marine engineering often uses sleeves to realize the connection between subsea foundation piles and the foundation of the water surface structure.
  • underwater grouting injection of binder
  • the key step of connection In order to ensure that the adhesive slurry hardens smoothly after being poured into the gap, it is necessary to ensure that the adhesive in the gap does not flow violently during the curing process. Therefore, the packer at the lower end of the sleeve is a key device to prevent the binder slurry in the gap from flowing downward under the action of gravity.
  • hydraulic packers at home and abroad, including bladders made of special rubber materials.
  • hydraulic equipment is used to inject liquid or gas into the bladders to expand the bladders to achieve gap isolation.
  • a simple rubber gasket packer is used, which mainly uses rubber gaskets in the gaps to implement isolation, and the rubber gaskets are fixed by bolts.
  • the above hydraulic packer has the following shortcomings:
  • the packer works under deep water.
  • hydraulic control equipment is generally arranged above the water surface.
  • the hydraulic pipeline is long, and it is easy to cause inconvenient faults to cause the hydraulic packer to fail.
  • the above simple packer has the following shortcomings:
  • the deformation of the packer is designed based on the ideal void volume, that is, the foundation pile is considered to be located in the center of the sleeve. Once the foundation pile is eccentric, the packer may be damaged or the gap cannot be completely sealed. Separate, causing slurry leakage.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a packer and a foundation pile structure, which are used to solve the problems of the existing packer that the structure is complicated, the construction is inconvenient and the cost is high.
  • a packer which is used to seal the bottom of the gap between the foundation pile and the sleeve, including:
  • the clamp assembly is used for sleeved on the foundation pile and connected with the bottom of the sleeve, the clamp assembly includes a plurality of segments, and the segments are connected in pairs to form an annular structure;
  • a cantilever assembly which includes multiple cantilever units stacked in a vertical direction inside the clamp assembly, each of the cantilever units includes cantilever members densely arranged along the inner side of the clamp assembly at an annular interval, and the cantilever members include fixed End and cantilever end, the fixed end is connected with the clamp assembly, the cantilever end is used to resist the foundation pile, the length of the cantilever is not less than the inner radius of the sleeve and the The difference in the outer radius of the pile.
  • each of the segments includes:
  • the bottom plate is provided with one end plate at both ends;
  • a fixed plate which is arranged on the bottom plate, and the fixed plate is connected with the sleeve;
  • a mounting plate is provided on the bottom plate, and the mounting plate is provided with mounting holes for mounting the cantilever at intervals along the length direction of the bottom plate;
  • the limit plate is arranged on the bottom plate, and the limit plate is used to limit the movement of the cantilever member.
  • the cantilever is a single steel wire
  • the fixed end of the single steel wire is provided with an upsetting head
  • the size of the upsetting head is larger than the size of the mounting hole.
  • the cantilever member is a U-shaped steel wire, and the fixed ends of the U-shaped steel wire are penetrated and fixed to the two mounting holes.
  • the surface of the cantilever member is painted with paint or grease.
  • the cantilever member is nylon wire or a composite member of steel wire and rubber.
  • the present invention also provides a composite packer, which is used to seal the bottom of the gap between the foundation pile and the sleeve, and is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of packers as claimed in claim 1, and a plurality of said packers.
  • the packer is stacked in the vertical direction and connected to the bottom of the sleeve.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to also provide a foundation pile structure, including:
  • a sleeve is sleeved on the foundation pile, a gap is reserved between the sleeve and the foundation pile, and an adhesive is filled in the gap;
  • a packer which is used to seal the bottom of the gap between the foundation pile and the sleeve, and the packer includes:
  • the clamp assembly which is sleeved on the foundation pile and connected to the bottom of the sleeve, the clamp assembly includes a number of segments, and the segments are connected in pairs to form an annular structure;
  • each of the cantilever units includes cantilever members densely arranged along the inner side of the clamp assembly at an annular interval, the adhesive Is used to fill the gap between the cantilever pieces, the cantilever piece includes a fixed end and a cantilever end, the fixed end is connected to the clamp assembly, and the cantilever end is used to resist the foundation pile,
  • the length of the cantilever is not less than the difference between the inner radius of the sleeve and the outer radius of the foundation pile.
  • the packer and foundation pile structure of the embodiment of the present invention does not need to be controlled by complicated hydraulic power, and the construction is convenient and the cost is economical.
  • the cantilever due to the function of the cantilever, it has the function of preventing the sand and soil aroused by the piling from entering the gap with the water flow.
  • the cantilever is densely arranged along the annular interval of the foundation pile, there are small gaps between the cantilever parts, and the adhesive slurry Because it is a pasty fluid, it can fill up the small gaps between the cantilever pieces, and can isolate the gap between the foundation pile and the sleeve from seawater.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the packer and foundation pile structure in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the packer in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a packer segment in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is another structural schematic diagram of the packer segment in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite packer in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a packer, which is used to seal the bottom of the gap between the foundation pile and the sleeve.
  • the packer includes a clamp assembly 1 and a cantilever assembly 2.
  • the clamp assembly 1 is used to be sleeved on the foundation pile 3 and connected to the bottom of the sleeve 4.
  • the clamp assembly 1 includes a number of segments 11, which are connected in pairs to form a ring structure;
  • the cantilever assembly 2 includes multiple layers of cantilever units stacked in a vertical direction inside the clamp assembly 1.
  • Each cantilever unit includes cantilever members 21 densely arranged along the inner side of the clamp assembly 1 at an annular interval.
  • the cantilever members 21 include a fixed end 211 and a cantilever end. 212, as shown in Figure 2, the fixed end 211 is connected to the clamp assembly 1, the cantilever end 212 is used to resist the foundation pile 3, and the length of the cantilever member 21 is not less than the inner radius of the sleeve 4 and the outer radius of the foundation pile 3. The difference between, helps the cantilever 21 to tightly hold the foundation pile 3 even after the cantilever, and to ensure the packing effect of the packer.
  • each segment 11 includes: a bottom plate 111, a fixing plate 112, a mounting plate 113 and a limiting plate 114. Both ends of the bottom plate 111 are respectively provided with one end plate 115, and the end plates 115 of the two adjacent segments 11 are welded and fixed. As shown in FIG. 2, the embodiment of the present invention uses 16 segments to be connected in pairs to form a ring structure. .
  • the fixing plate 112 is arranged on the bottom plate 111, and the fixing plate 112 is connected with the sleeve 4, and various conventional connection methods such as bolts, flanges, welding, etc. can be used, and the construction is convenient.
  • the mounting plate 113 is provided on the bottom plate 111, and the mounting plate 113 is provided with mounting holes for mounting the cantilever 21 at intervals along the length direction of the bottom plate 111.
  • the limit plate 114 is provided on the bottom plate 111, and the limit plate 114 is used to limit the movement of the cantilever 21 and prevent the cantilever 21 from loosening.
  • the packer of the embodiment of the present invention does not need to be controlled by complicated hydraulic power, has a simple structure, is convenient to construct, and has low construction cost.
  • the rigidity of the cantilever 21 is small, the resistance of the packer to the foundation pile 3 is very small, and the pile jam phenomenon will not be caused.
  • the clamp assembly 1 is not in direct contact with the foundation pile 3, and the cantilever 21 has a strong deformation recovery ability, so the packer will not be damaged by the foundation pile 3, and the ability to adapt to the eccentricity of the foundation pile 3 is strong.
  • the cantilever 21 resists the foundation pile 3, which initially realizes the isolation of the bottom end of the gap during the pile driving process, and therefore has the function of preventing the coarse-grained sand aroused by the pile driving from entering the gap with the water flow.
  • the adhesive is usually a paste fluid containing graded slurry and well-graded aggregates.
  • the densely arranged cantilever pieces have a large surface area, and the gaps between the cantilever pieces 21 Very small, due to the adsorption of the adhesive slurry on the surface of the cantilever 21 and the clamping of the adhesive aggregate by the gap between the cantilever members 21, the densely arranged cantilever members 21 form a whole under the action of the adhesive. , The rigidity is improved, which can effectively prevent the slurry from leaking.
  • the clamp assembly 1 is connected to the sleeve 4, and the cantilever 21 is in a deformable state of the cantilever, which can prevent the rigid parts such as the clamp assembly 1 from immersing into the pile hole range of the foundation pile 3, and the packer will not obstruct the whole Piling and piling operations will not cause pile jamming, and it can also prevent the packer from being damaged during piling and piling operations.
  • the cantilever 21 is a single steel wire, and the fixed end 211 of the single steel wire is provided with a pier, and the size of the pier is larger than the size of the mounting hole.
  • the cantilever 21 can also be a U-shaped steel wire, and the fixed end 211 of the U-shaped steel wire is penetrated and fixed in two mounting holes.
  • the surface of a single steel wire or U-shaped steel wire is painted with a paint layer to prevent seawater corrosion.
  • the cantilever member 21 is a nylon wire or a composite member of steel wire and rubber.
  • another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention also provides a composite packer, which is used to seal the bottom of the gap between the foundation pile and the sleeve.
  • Two packers are stacked in the vertical direction and connected to the bottom of the sleeve 4, and multiple packers are stacked to increase the packing effect.
  • another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention also provides a foundation pile structure, which includes a foundation pile 3, a sleeve 4 and a packer.
  • the sleeve 4 is sleeved on the foundation pile 3, a gap is reserved between the sleeve 4 and the foundation pile 3, and an adhesive 5 is filled in the gap.
  • the packer is used to seal the bottom of the gap between the foundation pile 3 and the sleeve 4, and the packer includes a clamp assembly 1 and a cantilever assembly 2.
  • the clamp assembly 1 is used to be sleeved on the foundation pile 3 and connected to the bottom of the sleeve 4.
  • the clamp assembly 1 includes a number of segments 11, which are connected in pairs to form a ring structure;
  • the cantilever assembly 2 includes multiple layers of cantilever units stacked in a vertical direction inside the clamp assembly 1.
  • Each cantilever unit includes cantilever members 21 densely arranged along the inner side of the clamp assembly 1 at an annular interval.
  • the cantilever members 21 include a fixed end 211 and a cantilever end. 212, as shown in Figure 2, the fixed end 211 is connected to the clamp assembly 1, the cantilever end 212 is used to resist the foundation pile 3, and the length of the cantilever member 21 is not less than the inner radius of the sleeve 4 and the outer radius of the foundation pile 3. The difference between, helps the cantilever 21 to tightly hold the foundation pile 3 even after the cantilever, and to ensure the packing effect of the packer.
  • the foundation pile structure of the embodiment of the present invention does not need to be controlled by complicated hydraulic power, and has a simple structure, convenient construction, and low construction cost.
  • the rigidity of the cantilever 21 is small, the resistance of the packer to the foundation pile 3 is very small, and the pile jam phenomenon will not be caused.
  • the clamp assembly 1 is not in direct contact with the foundation pile 3, and the cantilever 21 has a strong deformation recovery ability, so the packer will not be damaged by the foundation pile 3, and the ability to adapt to the eccentricity of the foundation pile 3 is strong.
  • the cantilever member 21 resists the foundation pile 3, which preliminarily realizes the isolation of the bottom end of the gap during the pile driving process, and therefore has the function of preventing the coarse-grained sand aroused by the pile driving from entering the gap with the water flow.
  • the adhesive is usually a paste fluid containing graded slurry and well-graded aggregates.
  • the densely arranged cantilever pieces have a large surface area, and the gaps between the cantilever pieces 21 It is very small.
  • the densely arranged cantilever members 21 form a whole under the action of the adhesive. , The rigidity is improved, which can effectively prevent the slurry from leaking.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种封隔器及桩基结构，涉及海洋工程技术领域，该桩基结构包括基桩、套筒和封隔器。套筒套设于基桩上，套筒与基桩之间预留缝隙，缝隙内填充粘结剂。封隔器用于封隔基桩与套筒之间的缝隙底部，封隔器包括：卡箍组件和悬臂组件。卡箍组件用于套设在基桩上并与套筒底部连接，卡箍组件包括若干节段，节段两两相互连接形成一环形结构；悬臂组件包括多层沿卡箍组件内侧垂直方向叠加布置的悬臂单元，每个悬臂单元包括沿卡箍组件内侧环形间隔密集布置的悬臂件，悬臂件包括固定端和悬臂端，固定端与卡箍组件连接，悬臂端用于抵持在基桩上，悬臂件的长度值不小于套筒内半径与基桩外半径的差值。本发明结构简单，不需要通过复杂的液压动力去控制，施工方便，施工成本低。

Description

封隔器及基桩结构 技术领域
本发明涉及海洋工程技术领域，具体涉及一种封隔器及基桩结构。
背景技术
海洋工程水下打桩常使用套筒来实现海底基桩与水面结构基础之间的连接，其中对海底基桩与套筒之间的缝隙进行水下注浆(注粘结剂)作业，是实现连接的关键步骤。为确保粘结剂浆液灌入缝隙后顺利硬化，需要确保缝隙中的粘结剂在硬化过程中不发生剧烈流动。因此，套筒下端的封隔器是阻止缝隙中的粘结剂浆液在重力作用下向下流动的关键设备。
目前，国内外有液压封隔器，包括特殊橡胶材料做成的囊，需要封隔时利用液压设备向囊中压注液体或气体，使囊膨胀来实现缝隙封隔。或者采用简易的橡胶垫圈封隔器，其主要是在缝隙中使用橡胶密封垫圈来实施封隔，橡胶密封垫通过螺栓限位固定。
上述液压封隔器具有以下不足：
1、构造复杂。封隔器在深水下工作，为方便操作，液压控制设备一般布置在水面以上。液压管道长，容易出现不便排除的故障而使液压封隔器失效。
2、打桩过程中，由于封隔器还未起封隔作用，无法阻止打桩激起的泥沙随水流进入缝隙。
3、造价和施工费用高。
上述简易封隔器有以下不足：
1、下桩及打桩过程中，橡胶密封垫圈及其定位螺栓对基桩的阻挡作用很大，容易引起卡桩问题，使基桩无法从套筒中穿过。
2、下桩及打桩过程中，橡胶密封垫圈及其定位螺栓对基桩的阻挡作用很大，也容易引起橡胶密封垫圈及其定位螺栓的损坏。
此外，封隔器的变形量都是根据理想的空隙量设计的，即认为基桩是位于套筒的正中央，一旦基桩的位置偏心，可能导致封隔器损坏，或无法完成缝隙完全封隔，引起漏浆。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种封隔器及基桩结构，其用于解决现有封隔器，构造复杂，施工不方便且费用高的问题。
为达到以上目的，本发明采取的技术方案是：一种封隔器，其用于封隔基桩与套筒之间的缝隙底部，包括：
卡箍组件，其用于套设在所述基桩上并与所述套筒底部连接，所述卡箍组件包括若干节段，所述节段两两相互连接形成一环形结构；
悬臂组件，其包括多层沿所述卡箍组件内侧垂直方向叠加布置的悬臂单元，每个所述悬臂单元包括沿所述卡箍组件内侧环形间隔密集布置的悬臂件，所述悬臂件包括固定端和悬臂端，所述固定端与所述卡箍组件连接，所述悬臂端用于抵持在所述基桩上，所述悬臂件的长度值不小于所述套筒内半径与所述基桩外半径的差值。
在上述技术方案的基础上，每个所述节段包括：
底板，其两端分别设有一端板；
固定板，其设于所述底板上，所述固定板与所述套筒连接；
安装板，其设于所述底板上，所述安装板沿底板长度方向间隔设 有用于安装所述悬臂件的安装孔；
限位板，其设于所述底板上，所述限位板用于限制所述悬臂件移动。
在上述技术方案的基础上，相邻两个所述节段的端板之间焊接固定。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述悬臂件为单根钢丝，所述单根钢丝的固定端设有镦头，所述镦头的尺寸大于所述安装孔的尺寸。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述悬臂件为U型钢丝，所述U型钢丝的固定端穿设固定于两个所述安装孔。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述悬臂件表面涂刷油漆或油脂。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述悬臂件为尼龙丝，或者钢丝与橡胶的复合件。
本发明还提供了一种复合封隔器，其用于封隔基桩与套筒之间的缝隙底部，其特征在于，包括多个如权利要求1所述的封隔器，多个所述封隔器沿垂直方向叠加并与所述套筒底部连接。
本发明的目的在于还提供一种基桩结构，包括：
基桩；
套筒，其套设于所述基桩上，所述套筒与基桩之间预留缝隙，所述缝隙内填充粘结剂；
封隔器，其用于封隔所述基桩与套筒之间的缝隙底部，所述封隔器包括：
-卡箍组件，其套设在所述基桩上并与所述套筒底部连接，所述卡箍组件包括若干节段，所述节段两两相互连接形成一环形结构；
-悬臂组件，其包括多层沿所述卡箍组件内侧垂直方向叠加布置的悬臂单元，每个所述悬臂单元包括沿所述卡箍组件内侧环形间隔密 集布置的悬臂件，所述粘结剂用于填充所述悬臂件之间的空隙，所述悬臂件包括固定端和悬臂端，所述固定端与所述卡箍组件连接，所述悬臂端用于抵持在所述基桩上，所述悬臂件的长度值不小于所述套筒内半径与所述基桩外半径的差值。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
本发明实施例的封隔器及基桩结构，不需要通过复杂的液压动力去控制，施工方便，造价经济。打桩过程中，由于悬臂件作用，具有防止打桩激起的砂土随水流进入缝隙的功能，又由于悬臂件沿基桩环形间隔密集布置，悬臂件之间留有细小空隙，而粘结剂浆液由于是糊状流体，可以填堵悬臂件之间的细小空隙，可以将基桩与套筒之间的缝隙与海水隔离。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例中封隔器及基桩结构的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例中封隔器的截面示意图；
图3为本发明实施例中封隔器节段的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例中封隔器节段的另一个结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例中复合封隔器的结构示意图；
图中：1、卡箍组件；11、节段；111、底板；112、固定板；113、安装板；114、限位板；115、端板；2、悬臂组件；21、悬臂件；211、固定端；212、悬臂端；3、基桩；4、套筒；5、粘结剂。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
参见图1所示，本发明实施例一方面提供一种封隔器，其用于封隔基桩与套筒之间的缝隙底部，包括：卡箍组件1和悬臂组件2。
卡箍组件1用于套设在基桩3上并与套筒4底部连接，卡箍组件1包括若干节段11，节段11两两相互连接形成一环形结构；
悬臂组件2包括多层沿卡箍组件1内侧垂直方向叠加布置的悬臂单元，每个悬臂单元包括沿卡箍组件1内侧环形间隔密集布置的悬臂件21，悬臂件21包括固定端211和悬臂端212，参见图2所示，固定端211与卡箍组件1连接，悬臂端212用于抵持在基桩3上，悬臂件21的长度值不小于套筒4内半径与基桩3外半径的差值，有助于悬臂件21即使悬臂后仍能紧密抵持在基桩3上，保证封隔器的封隔效果。
具体地，参见图3所示，每个节段11包括：底板111、固定板112、安装板113以及限位板114。底板111两端分别设有一端板115，相邻两个节段11的端板115之间焊接固定，参见图2所示，本发明实施例采用16个节段两两相互连接形成一环形结构。固定板112设于底板111上，固定板112与套筒4连接，可以使用螺栓、法兰、焊接等多种常规连接方式，施工方便。安装板113设于底板111上，安装板113沿底板111长度方向间隔设有用于安装悬臂件21的安装孔。限位板114设于底板111上，限位板114用于限制悬臂件21移动，防止悬臂件21松动。
与现有技术相比，本发明实施例的封隔器，不需要通过复杂的液压动力去控制，结构简单，施工方便，施工成本低。在下桩和打桩过程中，由于悬臂件21的刚度较小，因此封隔器对基桩3的阻力很小，不会导致卡桩现象。卡箍组件1不与基桩3直接接触，以及悬臂件21的变形回复能力较强，因此封隔器不会被基桩3损坏，且对基桩3偏心的适应能力强。下桩后悬臂件21与基桩3抵持，初步实现了打桩过程中缝隙底端的封隔，因此具有防止打桩激起的粗粒砂土随水流 进入缝隙的功能。在注浆(注粘接剂)过程中，粘接剂通常是包含级浆体和级配良好的骨料的糊状流体，密集布置的悬臂件的表面积很大，悬臂件21之间的空隙很小，由于悬臂件21表面对粘接剂浆体的吸附，以及悬臂件21之间的空隙对粘接剂骨料的卡固，使得密集布置的悬臂件21在粘接剂作用下形成整体，刚度提升，能有效防止浆液下泄。
另外，卡箍组件1与套筒4连接，悬臂件21处于悬臂可变形状态，能够避免防止卡箍组件1等刚性大的部位浸入基桩3的桩孔范围，封隔器整体上不会阻碍下桩及打桩作业，不会发生卡桩现象，也能防止下桩及打桩作业时破坏封隔器。
作为优选的实施方式，参见3所示，悬臂件21为单根钢丝，单根钢丝的固定端211设有墩头，墩头的尺寸大于安装孔的尺寸。参见图4所示，悬臂件21还可以为U型钢丝，U型钢丝的固定端211穿设固定于两个安装孔。单根钢丝或U型钢丝表面涂刷油漆层，防止海水腐蚀。进一步地，悬臂件21为尼龙丝，或者钢丝与橡胶的复合件。
参见图5所示，本发明实施例另一方面还提供一种复合封隔器，其用于封隔基桩与套筒之间的缝隙底部，包括多个上述实施例的封隔器，多个封隔器沿垂直方向叠加并与套筒4底部连接，多个封隔器叠加，增加封隔效果。
参见图1所示，本发明实施例另一方面还提供一种基桩结构，包括：基桩3、套筒4和封隔器。套筒4套设于基桩3上，套筒4与基桩3之间预留缝隙，缝隙内填充粘结剂5。
封隔器用于封隔基桩3与套筒4之间的缝隙底部，封隔器包括：卡箍组件1和悬臂组件2。
卡箍组件1用于套设在基桩3上并与套筒4底部连接，卡箍组件1包括若干节段11，节段11两两相互连接形成一环形结构；
悬臂组件2包括多层沿卡箍组件1内侧垂直方向叠加布置的悬臂单元，每个悬臂单元包括沿卡箍组件1内侧环形间隔密集布置的悬臂件21，悬臂件21包括固定端211和悬臂端212，参见图2所示，固定端211与卡箍组件1连接，悬臂端212用于抵持在基桩3上，悬臂件21的长度值不小于套筒4内半径与基桩3外半径的差值，有助于悬臂件21即使悬臂后仍能紧密抵持在基桩3上，保证封隔器的封隔效果。
与现有技术相比，本发明实施例的基桩结构，不需要通过复杂的液压动力去控制，结构简单，施工方便，施工成本低。在下桩和打桩过程中，由于悬臂件21的刚度较小，因此封隔器对基桩3的阻力很小，不会导致卡桩现象。卡箍组件1不与基桩3直接接触，以及悬臂件21的变形回复能力较强，因此封隔器不会被基桩3损坏，且对基桩3偏心的适应能力强。下桩后悬臂件21与基桩3抵持，初步实现了打桩过程中缝隙底端的封隔，因此具有防止打桩激起的粗粒砂土随水流进入缝隙的功能。在注浆(注粘接剂)过程中，粘接剂通常是包含级浆体和级配良好的骨料的糊状流体，密集布置的悬臂件的表面积很大，悬臂件21之间的空隙很小，由于悬臂件21表面对粘接剂浆体的吸附，以及悬臂件21之间的空隙对粘接剂骨料的卡固，使得密集布置的悬臂件21在粘接剂作用下形成整体，刚度提升，能有效防止浆液下泄。
本发明不局限于上述实施方式，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围之内。本说明书中未作详细 描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有技术。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种封隔器，其用于封隔基桩与套筒之间的缝隙底部，其特征在于，包括：
    卡箍组件(1)，其用于套设在所述基桩(3)上并与所述套筒(4)底部连接，所述卡箍组件(1)包括若干节段(11)，所述节段(11)两两相互连接形成一环形结构；
    悬臂组件(2)，其包括多层沿所述卡箍组件(1)内侧垂直方向叠加布置的悬臂单元，每个所述悬臂单元包括沿所述卡箍组件(1)内侧环形间隔密集布置的悬臂件(21)，所述悬臂件(21)包括固定端(211)和悬臂端(212)，所述固定端(211)与所述卡箍组件(1)连接，所述悬臂端(212)用于抵持在所述基桩(3)上，所述悬臂件(21)的长度值不小于所述套筒(4)内半径与所述基桩(3)外半径的差值。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的封隔器，其特征在于，每个所述节段(11)包括：
    底板(111)，其两端分别设有一端板(115)；
    固定板(112)，其设于所述底板(111)上，所述固定板(112)与所述套筒(4)连接；
    安装板(113)，其设于所述底板(111)上，所述安装板(113)沿底板(111)长度方向间隔设有用于安装所述悬臂件(21)的安装孔；
    限位板(114)，其设于所述底板(111)上，所述限位板(114)用于限制所述悬臂件(21)移动。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的封隔器，其特征在于：相邻两个所述节段(11)的端板(115)之间焊接固定。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的封隔器，其特征在于：所述悬臂件(21)为单根钢丝，所述单根钢丝的固定端(211)设有镦头，所述镦头的尺寸大于所述安装孔的尺寸。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的封隔器，其特征在于：所述悬臂件(21)为U型钢丝，所述U型钢丝的固定端(211)穿设固定于两个所述安装孔。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的封隔器，其特征在于：所述悬臂件(21)表面涂刷油漆或油脂。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的封隔器，其特征在于：所述悬臂件(21)为尼龙丝，或者钢丝与橡胶的复合件。
  8. 一种复合封隔器，其用于封隔基桩与套筒之间的缝隙底部，其特征在于，包括多个如权利要求1所述的封隔器，多个所述封隔器沿垂直方向叠加并与所述套筒(4)底部连接。
  9. 一种基桩结构，其特征在于，包括：
    基桩(3)；
    套筒(4)，其套设于所述基桩(3)上，所述套筒(4)与基桩(3)之间预留缝隙，所述缝隙内填充有粘结剂(5)；
    封隔器，其用于封隔所述基桩(3)与套筒(4)之间的缝隙底部，所述封隔器包括：
    -卡箍组件(1)，其套设在所述基桩(3)上并与所述套筒(4)底部连接，所述卡箍组件(1)包括若干节段(11)，所述节段(11)两两相互连接形成一环形结构；
    -悬臂组件(2)，其包括多层沿所述卡箍组件(1)内侧垂直方向叠加布置的悬臂单元，每个所述悬臂单元包括沿所述卡箍组件(1)内侧环形间隔密集布置的悬臂件(21)，所述粘结剂(5)用于填充所 述悬臂件(21)之间的空隙，所述悬臂件(21)包括固定端(211)和悬臂端(212)，所述固定端(211)与所述卡箍组件(1)连接，所述悬臂端(212)用于抵持在所述基桩(3)上，所述悬臂件(21)的长度值不小于所述套筒(4)内半径与所述基桩(3)外半径的差值。
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