WO2021081970A1 - 一种基于微气泡气浮效应的河道底泥激发装置 - Google Patents

一种基于微气泡气浮效应的河道底泥激发装置 Download PDF

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WO2021081970A1
WO2021081970A1 PCT/CN2019/114950 CN2019114950W WO2021081970A1 WO 2021081970 A1 WO2021081970 A1 WO 2021081970A1 CN 2019114950 W CN2019114950 W CN 2019114950W WO 2021081970 A1 WO2021081970 A1 WO 2021081970A1
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air
pipe
water
outlet
inlet pipe
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PCT/CN2019/114950
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English (en)
French (fr)
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吴丹丹
孙优生
王泽宇
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南京森淼环保科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/114950 priority Critical patent/WO2021081970A1/zh
Publication of WO2021081970A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021081970A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a river sediment excitation device based on the microbubble air flotation effect.
  • the current preferred engineering measure is river dredging.
  • river dredging can quickly solve the black and odor problem of the river, if the follow-up engineering measures cannot keep up, pollutants will still accumulate in the later stage of the river, causing the black and odor phenomenon to occur again.
  • a large number of engineering practices have shown that the engineering means of river dredging and treatment of the Heixiang River is to treat the symptoms but not the root cause, and at the same time bring a series of problems such as secondary pollution, sediment disposal, and destruction of the original river ecosystem. With the continuous advancement of environmental protection concepts, this surgical treatment of the black and smelly river is becoming less and less promising.
  • the core problem of the Heiwu River is the pollution of the river bottom mud, and how to eliminate the pollution of the river bottom mud in situ is a key and difficult issue in the current environmental protection field.
  • a large number of Heixian River water bodies are in an extremely hypoxic state at the bottom of the water body, and the river bottom mud is more serious.
  • the depth of the water body is about 1.5m, and the dissolved oxygen concentration at the bottom of the water body All are less than 0.1mg/L, which belongs to severe hypoxia.
  • the biggest problem is to aerate the sediments. Because the permeability coefficient of bottom mud is very low, its interaction with the water body is very poor, and it is difficult to supplement oxygen to the bottom mud through water exchange, resulting in a large amount of pollutants that cannot be completely decomposed and continue to accumulate.
  • Changing the state of the bottom mud of the black and smelly river and breaking the barrier of interaction between the water body and the bottom mud of the river is the key to solving the in-situ treatment of the black and smelly river.
  • the river bottom mud is stimulated to integrate with the entire water body.
  • the pollutants are released into the water body, and through high-efficiency aeration, under the action of microorganisms and external conditions, they are quickly dissipated, realizing the "mud-water co-treatment of the black and smelly river" ", to avoid a series of problems caused by dredging, while retaining the original river ecosystem to the utmost extent.
  • the present invention provides a river sediment excitation device based on the microbubble air flotation effect.
  • the device uses a combination of high-pressure water flow and microbubbles to spray a high-speed water stream mixed with a large number of microbubbles to the black at a specific angle.
  • the structure of the bottom mud is destroyed under the action of high-speed water flow.
  • a large number of microbubbles carried in the high-speed water flow are attached to the soil particles, resulting in an air flotation effect, causing a large number of polluted soil particles to quickly enter the water body. In suspension.
  • a large amount of oxygen in the microbubbles can also be supplemented into the water body, rapidly increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water body, activating the activity of the good nourishment microorganisms in the bottom mud of the black and smelly river, so that it can grow and multiply quickly, and the pollutants can be quickly digested, thereby achieving In-situ treatment of black and odorous water bodies.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a river sediment excitation device based on the microbubble air flotation effect, which uses a combination of high-pressure water flow and microbubbles to achieve high-efficiency excitation of black and odorous river sediments, thereby realizing the effect of black and odorous water bodies. In-situ governance.
  • a river sediment excitation device based on the microbubble air flotation effect including a booster device, a water intake system, a water spray system and an air intake system;
  • the water inlet system is composed of a filter and a water inlet pipe. One end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the filter, and the other end is connected to the water inlet end of the booster device;
  • the water spray system consists of a water outlet pipe, a elbow transition section and a spray pipe in turn Composed of pipe sections, one end of the water outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet end of the booster device;
  • the air intake system is composed of an air filter structure, a control valve, and an air intake pipe in turn.
  • One end of the air intake pipe is connected to the air filter structure, and the control valve is arranged on the air intake pipe at the junction of the air filter structure and the air intake pipe to adjust the air intake pipe.
  • the pressure of the air in the road; the tail end of the intake pipe is provided with a microporous air outlet, the microporous air outlet is inserted into the gradient section of the elbow, and the microporous air outlet is provided with a number of micro air outlets.
  • the device of the present invention uses a combination of high-speed water flow and microbubbles generated by the air intake system to spray a high-speed water flow carrying a large number of microbubbles onto the surface of the black and smelly river bottom mud at a specific angle, so that while the bottom mud is excited, a large number of microbubbles Adsorbed to soil particles indicates air flotation, which makes the soil particles and pollutants and the water body fully mix to reach a suspended state.
  • a large number of microbubbles provide sufficient oxygen for the water body to achieve rapid and efficient black and smelly river sediment excitation and in-situ governance.
  • the pressurizing device further includes a bearing device, the bearing device is a hull or a floating platform, and the pressurizing device is placed on the bearing device.
  • the supercharging device adopts a conventional air compression pump or other supercharging device, which is driven by a fuel engine or an electric motor.
  • the outlet pipe extends obliquely downwards, the pipe body is maintained at about 45° from the horizontal, the upper end of the elbow transition section is connected to the lower end of the outlet pipe, the transition section of the elbow is a gradual change of a circular arc, and the gradual change of a circular arc section
  • the corresponding central angle is about 30°, and the inner diameter gradually increases from top to bottom, and the inner diameter of the lower end is 1.3-1.5 times the inner diameter of the upper end.
  • the nozzle has a gradually increasing inner diameter, and 3-6 spiral guide teeth are arranged in the pipe wall.
  • One side of the nozzle is connected to the elbow transition section, and the other side is high-speed
  • the water flow is sprayed to the surface of the river bottom mud in a spiral form; the angle between the nozzle and the horizontal is about 15°, which can increase the spray range of high-speed water flow and reduce the transitional erosion of the river bottom mud.
  • the microporous air outlet is a spindle-shaped microporous air outlet structure, the shape of which is a spindle shape with a cavity inside, the upper part of the spindle shape is set in the water facing direction, and the tube wall adopts a sealing material.
  • the wall of the tail tube adopts microporous air-permeable material, and the aperture of the micro-porous air-permeable material is 40-100 ⁇ m.
  • the spindle-shaped microporous air outlet structure is connected to the air inlet pipeline through a connecting tube.
  • one or more of the spindle-shaped microporous air outlet structure can be arranged according to actual conditions.
  • the part of the outlet pipe connected to the pressurizing device is a high-pressure-resistant flexible pipeline
  • the water inlet part, the transition section of the elbow, and the nozzle are made of stainless steel or other high-pressure-resistant rigid materials, and the water inlet depth of the outlet pipe can be manually Adjust to suit different river bottom depths.
  • the air inlet pipe is a flexible pipe fixed on the water outlet pipe.
  • the carrying device is a hull or a floating platform, and the carrying device should have a driving device, which can carry a sediment excitation device to move on the water body.
  • the device of the present invention draws water from the water inlet device into the booster device and pressurizes through the boost of the booster device to generate high-pressure water and spray it from the water outlet device to the surface of the river sediment to be treated, and the high-speed water flow bypasses the spindle-shaped air inlet structure
  • the air is mixed with high-speed water flow in the form of micro-bubbles through the microporous air-permeable material, and through the nozzle, under the action of spiral guide teeth, the high-speed water flow with mixed microbubbles is sprayed in rotation
  • the method is sprayed to the surface of the river sediment to be treated at an angle of 15°.
  • the sediment Under the action of the rotating high-speed jet, the sediment is excited, and the soil particles and pollutants are carried into the river water body under the action of microbubbles. Formed in a suspended state, the microbubbles can not only play a role in air flotation, but also can rapidly increase oxygen to the water body, so that the water body can be treated in a high dissolved oxygen state. At this time, aerobic microorganisms can grow and multiply quickly to carry out organic pollutants in the water body. Biochemical digestion to achieve rapid and efficient in-situ treatment of the Heiwu River.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a river sediment excitation device based on microbubble air flotation effect according to embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the spindle-shaped microporous air outlet structure
  • Figure 3 is a top view of a spindle-shaped microporous air outlet structure.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle.
  • booster device 2. filter, 3. water inlet pipe, 4. water outlet pipe, 5. elbow transition section, 6. nozzle, 7. spindle-shaped microporous air outlet structure, 8. air inlet pipe, 9 .
  • Carrying device 10. Control valve, 11. Air filter structure, 12. Water body, 13. River bottom mud, 14. Water facing surface closed structure, 15. Tail end microporous ventilation structure, 16. Spindle-shaped microporous air outlet structure Air port, 17. Spiral guide teeth.
  • a river sediment excitation device 100 based on the microbubble air flotation effect includes a booster device 1, a water inlet system, a water spray system, an air inlet system and a carrying device 9; the water inlet system is connected to The water inlet end, water spray system and air intake system of the booster device 1 are connected to the water outlet end of the booster device 1, and the carrying device 9 is arranged under the booster device 1.
  • the supercharging device 1 adopts a conventional air compression pump or other supercharging device, which is driven by a fuel engine or an electric motor, sucks in water, and pressurizes the water.
  • the water inlet system is composed of a water inlet pipe 3 and a filter 2 connected to the inlet of the water inlet pipe 3, and the outlet of the water inlet pipe 3 is connected to the water inlet end of the booster device 1.
  • the water spray system consists of three pipe sections, namely the water outlet pipe 4, the elbow transition section 5 and the nozzle pipe 6.
  • the water outlet pipe 4 is connected to the water outlet end of the booster device 1, and extends obliquely downwards into the water body.
  • the water inlet angle is maintained at 45° from the horizontal plane. °About.
  • the upper end of the elbow grading section 5 is connected to the lower end of the outlet pipe 4.
  • the elbow grading section 5 is a circular arc gradient, the arc of the gradual arc section faces upwards, the corresponding center angle is about 30°, and the inner diameter gradually increases from top to bottom ,
  • the inner diameter of the lower end is 1.3-1.5 times the inner diameter of the upper end.
  • the nozzle 6 has a gradually increasing inner diameter.
  • the outlet pipe 4 connected to the booster device 1 is a high-pressure-resistant flexible pipeline.
  • the water inlet part and the elbow transition section 5 and the nozzle 6 are made of stainless steel or other high-pressure-resistant rigid materials. The water inlet depth of the outlet pipe can be manually adjusted to adapt to different The depth of the river bottom.
  • the air intake system consists of an air filter structure 11, a control valve 10, and an air intake pipe 8.
  • One end of the air intake pipe 8 is connected to the air filter structure 11, and the tail end of the air intake pipe 8 is provided with a spindle-shaped microporous air outlet structure 7.
  • the hole vent structure 7 is inserted into the transition section 5 of the elbow, and one or more can be arranged.
  • the control valve 10 is arranged at the junction of the intake pipe 8 and the air filter structure 11 to adjust the pressure of the air in the intake pipe.
  • the air inlet pipe 8 is a flexible pipe and is fixed on the water outlet pipe 4.
  • the carrying device 9 is a hull or a floating platform, and the pressurizing device 1 is arranged on the carrying device 9.
  • the carrying device has a driving device that carries the bottom mud excitation device and moves on the water body as a whole.
  • the cross-section of the microporous air outlet structure 7 is a spindle shape with a wide top and a narrow bottom. The interior is a cavity. When placed in the water spray pipe section, the cross section gradually narrows along the direction of the water flow. .
  • the upper tube wall 14 of the spindle-shaped microporous air outlet structure 7 is made of a sealing material, and the lower tube wall 15 is made of a microporous air-permeable material, and the aperture of the micro-porous air-permeable material is 40-100 ⁇ m.
  • the spindle-shaped microporous air outlet structure 7 is connected to the air inlet pipe 8 through the connecting head 16.
  • spiral guide racks 17 are provided on the inner wall surface of the nozzle 6. In this embodiment, there are 4 spiral guide teeth 17.
  • the main body of the device is placed on the carrier device 9, and the carrier device 9 is driven to the water area to be treated by power, the booster device 1 is activated, and the water in the water body 12 is sucked into the booster device 1 through the filter 2 and the water inlet pipe 3 and pressurized.
  • the high-pressure water passes through the outlet pipe 4 and passes through the elbow transition section 5. Under negative pressure, air is sucked into the elbow transition section 5 from the lower pipe wall end 15 of the spindle-shaped microporous air outlet structure 7 to form a large number of microbubbles and high-speed water flow.
  • Microbubbles have a strong adhesion effect. A large number of microbubbles will adhere to the soil particles and pollutants in the river bottom 13 to produce air flotation. The soil particles and pollutants are quickly brought into the water body 12 to form a suspended state. Microbubbles quickly and efficiently supplement oxygen to the water body 12, increase the dissolved oxygen concentration of the water body 12, activate the activity of indigenous microorganisms in the river bottom 13 and enable rapid production and reproduction, and eliminate organic pollutants in the water body 12. Fast and efficient in-situ treatment of black and odorous water bodies.
  • the main function of the device of the present invention is to realize the excitation of the river bottom mud, in order to continuously increase the oxygen of the water body, it can be used in combination with other aeration equipment to achieve better effects.

Abstract

一种基于微气泡气浮效应的河道底泥激发装置(100)，包括增压装置(1)、进水系统、喷水系统和进气系统；进水系统由过滤器(2)和进水管(3)组成，进水管(3)的一端连接过滤器(2)，另一端连接增压装置(1)进水端；喷水系统依次由出水管(4)、弯管渐变段(5)和喷管(6)三个管段组成，出水管(4)的一端连接在增压装置(1)出水端；进气系统依次由空滤结构(11)、控制阀门(10)和进气管(8)组成，进气管(8)的一端和空滤结构(11)连接，控制阀门(10)设置在空滤结构(11)和进气管(8)连接处的进气管(8)上；进气管(8)的尾端设置有微孔出气口(7)，微孔出气口(7)插入弯管渐变段(5)内，微孔出气口(7)上设有若干微出气孔。利用高压水流和微气泡相结合的手段，实现对黑臭河底泥的高效激发，从而实现对黑臭水体的原位治理。

Description

一种基于微气泡气浮效应的河道底泥激发装置 技术领域
本发明涉及环保技术领域，具体涉及一种基于微气泡气浮效应的河道底泥激发装置。
背景技术
我国经过多年的高速发展，经济实力得到的巨大提升。由于经济发展前期多采用粗放型发展方式，对环境保护不够重视，在发展经济过程中，对环境造成了严重污染。特别是城市河流和水体，由于城市排污系统不完善，造成大量的生产生活污水直接排放到城市河流和水体，产生了严重污染，大量的污染物聚集的河道底泥中，形成了黑臭河。
为了治理黑臭河，目前首选的工程措施就是河道清淤。河道清淤虽可快速的解决河道黑臭问题，但若后续工程措施跟不上，河道后期依然会出现污染物聚集，导致黑臭现象再次发生。大量的工程实践表明，河道清淤治理黑臭河的工程手段是治标不治本的，同时带来一系列二次污染、底泥处置、原河道生态系统破坏等一系列问题。随着环保理念的不断进步，这种外科手术式的黑臭河治理模式越来越不被看好。
黑臭河最核心的问题是河道底泥污染的问题，而如何原位的消解黑臭河底泥污染，是目前环保领域的重点和难点问题。大量的黑臭河水体底部处于极度缺氧状态，河道底泥更为严重，我们针对几条五类、劣五类水体进行溶解氧浓度测量，水体深度约1.5m，在水体底部的溶解氧浓度均小于0.1mg/L，属于严重缺氧状态。要想实现对底泥的原位消解，最大的难题是对底泥进行增氧。由于底泥的渗透系数非常低，其与水体的交互性很差，很难通过水分交换给底泥补充氧气，从而导致大量的污染物无法彻底消解而不断累积。
改变黑臭河底泥的状态，打破水体与河道底泥交互的壁垒，是解决黑臭河原位治理的关键。而将河道底泥激发，使其与整个水体融为一体，污染物释放到水体中，通过高效增氧，在微生物以及外界条件作用下，迅速的消解掉，实现对黑臭河“泥水共治”，避免的清淤带来的一系列问题，同时最大限度的保留了原河道的生态系统。基于此，本发明提供了一种基于微气泡气浮效应的河道底泥激发装置，该装置通过高压水流和微气泡相结合的手段，将混合了大量微气泡的高速 水流以特定角度喷射至黑臭河底泥表面，在高速水流作用下，底泥结构性被破坏，高速水流中携带的大量微气泡附着在土颗粒上，产生气浮效应，使得大量的污染土颗粒快速的进入水体，并处于悬浮状态。同时微气泡中大量的氧气也可补充到水体内部，迅速增加水体溶解氧浓度，激活黑臭河底泥中的好养微生物活性，使其快速的生长繁殖，对污染物进行快速消解，从而实现黑臭水体的原位治理。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种基于微气泡气浮效应的河道底泥激发装置，利用高压水流和微气泡相结合的手段，实现对黑臭河底泥的高效激发，从而实现对黑臭水体的原位治理。
为实现上述技术目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种基于微气泡气浮效应的河道底泥激发装置，包括增压装置、进水系统、喷水系统和进气系统；
所述进水系统由过滤器和进水管组成，进水管的一端连接过滤器，另一端连接增压装置进水端；所述喷水系统依次由出水管、弯管渐变段以及喷管三个管段组成，出水管的一端连接在增压装置出水端；
所述进气系统依次由空滤结构、控制阀门和进气管组成，进气管的一端和空滤结构连接，控制阀门设置在空滤结构和进气管连接处的进气管上，用以调节进气管路中空气的压力；进气管的尾端设置有微孔出气口，微孔出气口插入弯管渐变段内，所述微孔出气口上设有若干微出气孔。
本发明装置利用高速水流与进气系统产生的微气泡相结合的手段，通过将携带大量微气泡的高速水流以特定角度喷射至黑臭河底泥表面，将底泥激发的同时，大量微气泡吸附到土颗粒表明产生气浮作用，使得土颗粒及污染物和水体充分混合达到悬浮状态，同时大量的微气泡为水体提供了充足的氧气，实现快速高效的黑臭河底泥激发和原位治理。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述增压装置还包括承载装置，所述承载装置为船体或浮台，所述增压装置放置于承载装置上。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述增压装置采用常规空气压缩泵或其他增压装置，其驱动依靠燃油发动机或电动机驱动。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述出水管斜向下延伸，管体与水平面保持45° 左右，弯管渐变段上端连接在出水管下端，弯管渐变段为圆弧线渐变，渐变圆弧段对应圆心角为30°左右，且内径自上而下逐渐增大，下端内径为上端内径的1.3-1.5倍。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述喷管为内径逐渐增大的渐变形状，且管壁内设置3-6条螺旋状导流齿，喷管一侧连接弯管渐变段，另一侧将高速水流以螺旋形式喷射至河道底泥表面；喷管与水平夹角约15°，可增加高速水流的喷射范围，减少对河道底泥的过渡冲刷。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述微孔出气口为纺锤形微孔出气结构，其形状为纺锤形，内部为空腔，纺锤形的上部设置在迎水方向，其管壁采用密封材料，纺锤形尾部管壁采用微孔透气材料，微孔透气材料的孔径为40-100μm，纺锤形微孔出气结构通过连接管连接在进气管路上。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述纺锤形微孔出气结构可根据实际情况布设一个或多个。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述出水管连接增压装置部分为耐高压的柔性管路，入水部分以及弯管渐变段、喷管为不锈钢或其他耐高压的刚性材料，出水管入水深度可手动调节以适应不同的河底深度。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述进气管路为柔性管，固定在出水管上。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述承载装置为船体或浮台，该承载设备应具有驱动装置，可携带底泥激发装置在水体上移动。
本发明装置通过增压装置的增压，将水从进水装置吸入增压装置并加压，产生高压水并从出水装置喷射至待处理河道底泥表面，高速水流绕过纺锤形进气结构时在结构尾端产生负压，使得空气经过微孔透气材料以微气泡的形式与高速水流混合，并经过喷管，在螺旋状导流齿作用下，使混合微气泡的高速水流以旋转喷射的方式，以15°夹角喷射到待处理河道底泥表面，在旋转高速射流作用下，将底泥激发起来，并在微气泡的气浮作用下将土颗粒及污染物携带至河道水体内部形成悬浮状态，微气泡不仅可起到气浮作用，同时也可以对水体进行快速增氧，使得水体处理高溶氧状态，此时好氧微生物可快速生长繁殖，对水体内部的有机污染物进行生化消解，以实现对黑臭河的快速高效原位治理。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的基于微气泡气浮效应的河道底泥激发装置结构示意图；
图2为纺锤形微孔出气结构断面图；
图3为纺锤形微孔出气结构俯视图。
图4为喷管断面图。
其中，1.增压装置，2.过滤器，3.进水管，4.出水管，5.弯管渐变段，6.喷管，7.纺锤形微孔出气结构，8.进气管，9.承载装置，10.控制阀门，11.空滤结构，12.水体，13.河道底泥，14.迎水面封闭结构，15.尾端微孔透气结构，16.纺锤形微孔出气结构进气口，17.螺旋状导流齿。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图说明对本发明的技术方案做进一步说明。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种基于微气泡气浮效应的河道底泥激发装置100，包括增压装置1、进水系统、喷水系统、进气系统和承载装置9组成；进水系统连接在增压装置1的进水端，喷水系统和进气系统连接在增压装置1出水端，承载装置9设置在增压装置1的下方。
增压装置1采用常规空气压缩泵或其它增压装置，其驱动依靠燃油发动机或电动机驱动，吸入进水，加压出水。
进水系统由进水管3和连接在进水管3进口的过滤器2组成，进水管3的出口和增压装置1进水端连接。
喷水系统依次由出水管4、弯管渐变段5和喷管6三个管段组成，出水管4连接在增压装置1出水端，斜向下延伸深入水体内部，其入水角度与水平面保持45°左右。弯管渐变段5上端接在出水管4下端，弯管渐变段5为圆弧线渐变，渐变圆弧段弧口朝上、对应圆心角为30°左右，且内径自上而下逐渐增大，下端内径为上端内径的1.3-1.5倍。喷管6为内径逐渐增大的渐变形状，喷管6一侧连接弯管渐变段，另一侧将高速水流以螺旋形式喷射至河道底泥表面；喷管与水平夹角约15°，可增加高速水流的喷射范围，减少对河道底泥的过渡冲刷。安装时喷管6与河道底泥表面的距离不大于10cm。出水管4连接增压装置1部 分为耐高压的柔性管路，入水部分以及弯管渐变段5、喷管6为不锈钢或其他耐高压的刚性材料，出水管入水深度可手动调节以适应不同的河底深度。
进气系统依次由空滤结构11、控制阀门10和进气管8组成，进气管8的一端和空滤结构11连接，进气管8的尾端设置有纺锤形微孔出气结构7，纺锤形微孔出气结构7插入弯管渐变段5内，可以布设一个或多个。控制阀门10设置在进气管8和空滤结构11的连接处，以调节进气管路中空气的压力。进气管8为柔性管，固定在出水管4上。
承载装置9为船体或浮台，增压装置1设置在承载装置9上，该承载设备具有驱动装置，携带底泥激发装置整体在水体上移动。
如图2和3所示，微孔出气结构7的横截面，其形状为上宽下窄的纺锤形，内部为空腔，设置在喷水管段中时，沿着水流的方向截面逐渐变窄。纺锤形微孔出气结构7的上部管壁14采用密封材料，下部管壁15采用微孔透气材料，微孔透气材料的孔径为40-100μm。纺锤形微孔出气结构7通过连接头16和进气管8连接。
如图4所示，喷管6内壁表面设置3-6螺旋状导流齿条17，本实施例中的螺旋状导流齿17为4条。
装置主体放置在承载装置9上，依靠动力驱动承载装置9至待处理水域，启动增压装置1，将水体12中的水通过过滤器2以及进水管3吸入增压装置1并进行增压，高压水通过出水管4，经过弯管渐变段5，在负压作用下将空气从纺锤形微孔出气结构7的下部管壁端15吸入弯管渐变段5内部，形成大量微气泡与高速水流充分混合，经过喷管6在螺旋状导流齿17的作用下，形成旋转喷射水流，以特定角度喷射至河道底泥13表面，在旋转喷射水流作用下对河道底泥13进行冲刷切割，由于微气泡有很强的附着效应，河道底泥13的土颗粒及污染物上会附着大量微气泡，产生气浮作用，将土颗粒和污染物快速的带入水体12中，形成悬浮状态，同时微气泡对水体12进行快速高效的补充氧，提高水体12的溶解氧浓度，激活河道底泥13中的土著微生物活性，使其快速生产繁殖，对水体12中的有机污染物进行消解，实现对黑臭水体的快速高效原位治理。
由于本发明装置主要功能是实现对河道底泥的激发，为了持续对水体增氧，可与其他增氧设备联合使用，以达到更好效果。
以上所述为本发明的优选实施实例，并不用于限制不发明，对于本领域技术人员，可以参照本发明详细说明，对前述各功能部件的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于微气泡气浮效应的河道底泥激发装置，其特征在于，包括增压装置(1)、进水系统、喷水系统和进气系统；
    所述进水系统由过滤器(2)和进水管(3)组成，进水管(3)的一端连接过滤器(2)，另一端连接增压装置(1)进水端；
    所述喷水系统依次由出水管(4)、弯管渐变段(5)和喷管(6)三个管段组成，出水管(4)的一端连接在增压装置(1)出水端；
    所述进气系统依次由空滤结构(11)、控制阀门(10)和进气管(8)组成，进气管(8)的一端和空滤结构(11)连接，控制阀门(10)设置在空滤结构和进气管连接处的进气管(8)上，用以调节进气管(8)管路中空气的压力；进气管(8)的尾端设置有微孔出气口(7)，微孔出气口(7)插入弯管渐变段(5)内，所述微孔出气口(7)上设有若干微出气孔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述增压装置(1)采用常规空气压缩泵。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述出水管(4)斜向延伸，与水平面保持45°左右，所述弯管渐变段(5)为圆弧线渐变，渐变圆弧段对应圆心角为30°左右，且内径自上而下逐渐增大，下端内径为上端内径的1.3-1.5倍。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述喷管(6)为内径逐渐增大的渐变形状，且内部设置3-6条螺旋状导流齿(17)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述微孔出气口(7)为纺锤形微孔出气结构，其形状为纺锤形，内部为空腔，上部的管壁(14)采用密封材料，下部的管壁(15)采用微孔透气材料，微孔透气材料的孔径为40-100μm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述出气管(8)上连接有多个微孔出气口。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述出水管(4)连接增压装置(1)部分为耐高压的柔性管路，入水部分以及弯管渐变段(5)、喷管(6)为不锈钢或其他耐高压的刚性材料，出水管入水深度可手动调节以适应不同的河底 深度。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述进气管路(8)为柔性管，固定在出水管(4)上。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，该装置还包括承载装置(9)，所述承载装置(9)为船体或浮台，所述增压装置(1)放置于承载装置(9)上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述承载装置(9)具有驱动装置。
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