WO2021079769A1 - Speaker and electronic device - Google Patents

Abstract

A speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided with: a diaphragm; an actuator mechanism; a first link mechanism; and a second link mechanism. The actuator mechanism has an actuator, and generates first vibration along a first direction. The first link mechanism is connected to the actuator mechanism, and converts the first vibration into a second vibration along a second direction different from the first direction and outputs the second vibration. The second link mechanism is connected to the first link mechanism, and converts the second vibration into a third vibration along the first direction and transmits the third vibration to the diaphragm.

Description

Speakers and electronic devices

This technology relates to speakers and electronic devices.

The speaker device described in Patent Document 1 includes two flat plate-shaped diaphragms arranged so as to sandwich a vibration transmission member. The vibration generated by the actuator is transmitted to the diaphragm via the vibration transmission member, and the sound is output. Since the two flat diaphragms are arranged so as to sandwich the vibration transmission member, the sound pressure can be improved while ensuring the thinness (paragraph [0079] of the specification of Patent Document 1]. [0080] FIGS. 1 to 3 etc.).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-105021

In this way, there is a demand for technology that can realize a thinner speaker.

In view of the above circumstances, the purpose of this technology is to provide speakers and electronic devices that can be made thinner.

In order to achieve the above object, the speaker according to one embodiment of the present technology includes a diaphragm, an actuator mechanism, a first link mechanism, and a second link mechanism.
The actuator mechanism has an actuator and generates a first vibration along a first direction.
The first link mechanism is connected to the actuator mechanism, converts the first vibration into a second vibration along a second direction different from the first direction, and outputs the vibration.
The second link mechanism is connected to the first link mechanism, converts the second vibration into a third vibration along the first direction, and transmits the second vibration to the diaphragm.

In this speaker, the first vibration generated by the actuator mechanism along the first direction is converted into the second vibration along the second direction by the first link mechanism and output. Further, the second link mechanism converts the second vibration into a third vibration along the first direction and transmits the second vibration to the diaphragm. This makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the speaker.

The first direction may be a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm. In this case, the second direction may be a direction parallel to the diaphragm.

The actuator may have a plate shape. In this case, the actuator mechanism may generate the first vibration with the direction perpendicular to the actuator as the first direction.

The actuator may be arranged parallel to the diaphragm.

The first link mechanism may have a first input end portion to which the first vibration is input and a first output end portion to output the second vibration. In this case, the second link mechanism may have a second input end to which the second vibration is input and a second output end to output the third vibration.

The first link mechanism and the second link mechanism may have the same configuration for converting and outputting the input vibration.

Each of the first link mechanism and the second link mechanism may be configured by a Scott Russell type strictly linear motion mechanism.

The first link mechanism may output the second vibration so that the amplitude is larger than the amplitude of the first vibration.

The second link mechanism may output the third vibration so that the amplitude is larger than the amplitude of the second vibration.

The second link mechanism may be configured by a rage tong type link mechanism.

The actuator may be composed of a piezoelectric element or a dielectric elastomer.

The actuator may be arranged parallel to the diaphragm. In this case, the first link mechanism may have a first input end portion to which the first vibration is input and a first output end portion to output the second vibration. Further, the second link mechanism may have a second input end portion to which the second vibration is input and a second output end portion to output the third vibration. Further, the positions of the first output end portion and the second input end portion may be configured to be positions between the diaphragm and the actuator.

The actuator may be arranged parallel to the diaphragm. In this case, the first link mechanism may have a first input end portion to which the first vibration is input and a first output end portion to output the second vibration. Further, the second link mechanism may have a second input end portion to which the second vibration is input and a second output end portion to output the third vibration. Further, the positions of the first output end portion and the second input end portion may be configured to be positions opposite to the diaphragm with respect to the actuator.

The speaker may further include a diaphragm, an actuator mechanism, a first link mechanism, and a frame mechanism that holds the second link mechanism.

An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present technology includes the speaker and a control unit.
The control unit controls the driving of the speaker.

The speaker may be configured in the electronic device based on the basic posture of the electronic device so that the second direction is different from the vertical direction.

It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the basic principle of the speaker which concerns on this technique. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the Scott Russell mechanism. It is a table which shows the relationship between the angle of the Scott Russell mechanism and the amplification / damping of vibration. It is a schematic diagram which shows one Embodiment of the speaker which concerns on this technique (front view). It is a figure when the speaker shown in FIG. 4 is seen obliquely from the lower side of the front. It is a figure when the speaker shown in FIG. 4 is seen obliquely from the right side. It is a side view which looked at the speaker shown in FIG. 4 from the right side. It is the top view which looked at the speaker shown in FIG. 4 from the upper side. It is a bottom view which looked at the speaker shown in FIG. 4 from the lower side. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the sound output operation by a speaker. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the speaker which concerns on other embodiment of this technique. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the speaker which concerns on other embodiment of this technique. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the speaker which concerns on other embodiment of this technique. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the speaker which concerns on other embodiment of this technique. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the speaker which concerns on other embodiment of this technique. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the speaker which concerns on other embodiment of this technique. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the speaker which concerns on other embodiment of this technique. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the speaker which concerns on other embodiment of this technique. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the speaker which concerns on other embodiment of this technique. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the electronic device equipped with the speaker which concerns on this technology.

Hereinafter, embodiments relating to the present technology will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Basic principle of speaker]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the basic principle of the speaker according to the present technology.
The speaker 100 includes an actuator mechanism 10, a first link mechanism 11, a second link mechanism 12, and a diaphragm 13.

The actuator mechanism 10 has an actuator and can generate vibration along a predetermined direction.
As the actuator, for example, a piezoelectric element (piezo element) capable of electro-mechanical conversion, a dielectric elastomer, or the like is used.
Piezoelectric actuators, such as PZT stacks, are compact, reliable, and have stable material properties, as well as high stress, high bandwidth, and high power density properties.
For example, an actuator having a thin plate shape such as a piezo film is constructed. In this case, it is possible to generate vibration along the direction perpendicular to the actuator by utilizing the bending deformation according to the application of the voltage. Alternatively, it is also possible to generate vibration in the direction perpendicular to the actuator by utilizing the piston motion (parallel motion) in response to the application of voltage, that is, the expansion / contraction motion while maintaining the planar shape.
In addition, the configurations of the actuator and the actuator mechanism 10 are not limited and may be arbitrarily designed.
Hereinafter, as shown in FIG. 1, the vibration generated by the actuator mechanism 10 is referred to as the first vibration V1 along the first direction.

In the present disclosure, the link mechanism includes any mechanism capable of transmitting vibration.
The link mechanism has an input end portion and an output end portion, and can output the vibration input to the input end portion from the output end portion. In that case, it is also possible to convert and output the vibration, such as amplifying / attenuating the vibration or changing the vibration direction.
The link mechanism may be made of a metal material such as titanium or magnesium, or may be made of a resin material such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) or PC (polycarbonate).
As shown in FIG. 1, the speaker 100 according to the present technology has two link mechanisms, a first link mechanism 11 and a second link mechanism 12.

The first link mechanism 11 is connected to the actuator mechanism 10 and converts the first vibration V1 into a second vibration V2 along a second direction different from the first direction and outputs the first vibration V1. That is, the first link mechanism 11 can convert the first vibration V1 input to the input end portion into the second vibration V2 and output it from the output end portion.
The input end and the output end of the first link mechanism 11 correspond to the first input end to which the first vibration V1 is input and the first output end to output the second vibration V2. ..

The second link mechanism 12 is connected to the first link mechanism 11 and can convert the second vibration V2 into the third vibration V3 along the first direction and transmit it to the diaphragm 13. is there. That is, the second link mechanism 12 can convert the second vibration V2 input to the input end portion into the third vibration V3, output it from the output end portion, and transmit it to the diaphragm 13. ..
The input end and output end of the second link mechanism 12 correspond to a second input end to which the second vibration V2 is input and a second output end to output the third vibration V3. ..

The diaphragm 13 functions as a sounding unit and can generate (radiate) sound by vibrating. In the speaker 100 according to the present technology, the diaphragm 13 is connected to the output end of the second link mechanism 12. Then, the sound is generated by vibrating (piston motion) by the third vibration V3 output by the second link mechanism 12.
The specific configuration such as the material, size, and shape of the diaphragm 13 is not limited, and may be arbitrarily designed.

As shown in FIG. 1, a first link mechanism 11 and a second link mechanism 12 are configured as a driving force (vibration) transmission mechanism from the actuator to the diaphragm 13. This makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the speaker 100.
For example, the first direction, which is the vibration direction of the first vibration V1, is set to be perpendicular to the diaphragm 13. Further, the second direction, which is the vibration direction of the second vibration V2, is set to be a direction parallel to the diaphragm 13.
Further, using an actuator having a plate shape, the actuator mechanism 10 is configured so that the first vibration V1 is generated with the direction perpendicular to the actuator as the first direction. As a result, the actuator can be arranged in parallel with the diaphragm 13, and the speaker 100 can be made thinner.
Further, the first link mechanism 11 and the second link mechanism 12 are configured so that the first vibration V1 is amplified and output as the third vibration V3. That is, the first link mechanism 11 and the second link mechanism 12 output the third vibration V3 so that the amplitude is larger than the amplitude of the first vibration V1. This makes it possible to improve the sound pressure.
Of course, it is not limited to the case where such a design is adopted. For example, arbitrary directions different from each other may be set as the first direction and the second direction. Even in such a case, it is possible to reduce the thickness by realizing the speaker 100 according to the basic principle shown in FIG.

The configuration of the first link mechanism 11 and the configuration of the second link mechanism 12 may be arbitrarily designed. For example, the first link mechanism 11 and the second link mechanism 12 are configured so that the configurations for converting and outputting the input vibration (basic principle for transmitting the vibration) are equal to each other. This makes it possible to simplify the device configuration.
Of course, the configuration of the first link mechanism 11 and the configuration of the second link mechanism 12 may be designed to be different from each other.

[Scott Russell type strict linear motion mechanism]
As an example of a link mechanism that converts input vibration and outputs it, a Scott Russell type strict linear motion mechanism (hereinafter, simply referred to as Scott Russell mechanism) will be described.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a configuration example of the Scott Russell mechanism.
The Scott Russell mechanism 15 has a linear main link member 16 and a linear sub-link member 17. As shown in FIG. 2, one end of the main link member 16 is an input end 18, and the other end is an output end 19. The main link member 16 is configured such that the input end 18 can move (slide) along a predetermined slide direction SD1.
One end 20 of the sub link member 17 is rotatably connected to a central position of the main link member 16, that is, a position intermediate between the input end 18 and the output end 19 (hereinafter, the connecting end 20). To describe). The other end 21 of the sub-link member 17 is rotatably installed at a position on a straight line extending along the slide direction of the input end 18 of the main link member 16 (hereinafter, referred to as a rotary end 21). ).
Further, the sub-link member 17 is configured such that the length from the connecting end portion 20 to the rotating end portion 21 is halved from the length from the input end portion 18 to the output end portion 19. Therefore, the Scott Russell mechanism 15 has a length from the connecting position where the main link member 16 and the sub link member 17 are connected to the input end portion 18, a length from the connecting position to the output end portion 19, and a sub link from the connecting position. The lengths of the members 17 to the rotating end 21 are configured to be equal to each other (hereinafter, referred to as length L).
As a result, the triangle composed of three points of the input end portion 18, the connecting position (connecting end portion 20), and the rotating end portion 21, and the output end portion 19, the connecting position (connecting end portion 20), and the rotating end portion 21 A triangle composed of three points is an isosceles triangle in which the lengths of the two equilateral sides are L. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the output end 19 of the main link member 16 and the rotating end 21 of the sub link member 17 are aligned on a straight line extending in a direction orthogonal to the slide direction SD1. Be placed.

In such a configuration, the input end 18 is slid along the slide direction SD1. Then, the output end 19 slides along the slide direction SD2 orthogonal to the slide direction SD1. That is, it is possible to realize a strict linear motion by the output end portion 19 according to the slide of the input end portion 18.
Therefore, when the vibration in the direction along the slide direction SD1 is input to the input end portion 18, the output end portion 19 can output the vibration in the direction along the slide direction SD2. As a result, it is possible to convert the first vibration V1 shown in FIG. 1 into a second vibration V2 and output it, or to convert the second vibration V1 into a third vibration V2 and output it. Become.

The amplification / attenuation of vibration in the Scott Russell mechanism 15 will be described.
For example, it is assumed that the input end 18 vibrates along the slide direction SD1 between the state shown in FIG. 2A and the state shown in FIG. 2B. In response to the vibration, the output end 19 vibrates along the slide direction SD2 between the state shown in FIG. 2A and the state shown in FIG. 2B.
As shown in FIG. 2, attention is paid to the angle at which the slide direction SD1 and the sub-link member 17 intersect. The angle in the state shown in FIG. 2A is defined as the angle θ1, and the angle in the state shown in FIG. 2B is defined as θ2. Then, the following equation holds.
Amplitude (movement amount) of input end 18 = 2a (cosθ2-cosθ1)
Amplitude (movement amount) of output end 19 = 2a (sinθ1-sinθ2)
Ratio of the amplitude of the output end 19 to the amplitude of the input end 18 = (sinθ1-sinθ2) / (cosθ2-cosθ1)
Therefore, the angles θ1 and θ2 are set so that (sinθ1-sinθ2) / (cosθ2-cosθ1)> 1. This makes it possible to vibrate the output end 19 so that the amplitude is larger than the amplitude of the input end 18. As a result, the input vibration can be amplified and output.

FIG. 3 is a table showing the relationship between the angles θ1 and θ2 and (sinθ1-sinθ2) / (cosθ2-cosθ1). As shown in the table, there is a region of a certain continuous angle (including a region where θ1> θ2 becomes θ1 <θ2) in which (sinθ1-sinθ2) / (cosθ2-cosθ1) always exceeds 1. For example, the angles θ1 and θ2 may be appropriately set in such a region.

[Speaker Embodiment]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the speaker 100 of the present technology will be described.
4 to 9 are schematic views showing the speaker 110 which is one embodiment.
Here, for convenience, the figure shown in FIG. 4 is a front view of the speaker 110 as viewed from the front. Then, the description will be described with the depth direction as the X direction, the left-right direction as the Y direction, and the vertical direction as the Z direction. In addition, expressions such as front side / back side, left side / right side, and upper side / lower side may be used.
Of course, the application of this technique is not limited by the direction in which the speaker 110 is used.

FIG. 5 is a view when the speaker 110 is viewed obliquely from the lower side of the front surface.
FIG. 6 is a view when the speaker 110 is viewed obliquely from the right side.
FIG. 7 is a side view of the speaker 110 as viewed from the right side.
FIG. 8 is a top view of the speaker 110 as viewed from above.
FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the speaker 110 as viewed from below.

In the present embodiment, the first link mechanism 11 and the second link mechanism 12 are configured by a Scott Russell type strictly linear motion mechanism. That is, the speaker 110 is realized by the configuration in which the Scott Russell mechanism 15 illustrated in FIG. 2 is connected in multiple stages.
Further, four Scott Russell mechanisms 15 functioning as the first link mechanism 11 are arranged. Corresponding to the four Scott Russell mechanisms 15, four Scott Russell mechanisms 15 functioning as the second link mechanism 12 are arranged.
The plurality of Scott Russell mechanisms 15 are appropriately connected via joint members and the like, and the vibration generated by the actuator mechanism 10 is transmitted to the diaphragm 13.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 9, the speaker 110 vibrates with the actuator mechanism 10, the four first link mechanisms 11 (11a to 11d), and the four second link mechanisms 12 (12a to 12d). It has a plate 13. Further, the speaker 110 has a frame mechanism 23 and joint members 50 to 58.
The frame mechanism 23 holds the actuator mechanism 10, the four first link mechanisms 11, the four second link mechanisms 12, and the joint members 50 to 58. As the frame mechanism 23, for example, a metal material such as iron or aluminum is used. Of course, it is not limited to this.
The frame mechanism 23 is configured as a member that does not operate (is not intentionally moved) with respect to a cabinet including the speaker 110 (a member to which the speaker 110 is attached, a housing in which the speaker 110 is installed, or the like).

The frame mechanism 23 includes a diaphragm holding portion 24, two side wall portions 25 (25a, 25b), two link holding portions 26 (26a, 26b), and two actuator holding portions 27 (27a, 27b). Have.
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the diaphragm holding portion 24 is composed of a quadrangular frame member having rounded corners when viewed from above and below. A through hole that opens in the vertical direction (Z direction) is formed on the inner peripheral side of the diaphragm holding portion 24.
As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 and the like, each of the two side wall portions 25 has the same configuration as each other, and has a thin plate-like rectangular parallelepiped shape as an overall shape.
As shown in FIG. 9 and the like, the side wall portions 25a and 25b are arranged so as to extend downward to the central portion of the two side portions facing each other in the left-right direction (Y direction) of the diaphragm holding portion 24. To. Therefore, the side wall portions 25a and 25b themselves are also provided so as to face each other in the left-right direction (Y direction).

Each of the two link holding portions 26 has the same configuration as each other and is composed of a rod-shaped member extending in one direction. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 9, both ends of the link holding portions 26a and 26b are connected to the side wall portions 25a and 25b so as to extend in the left-right direction (Y direction), respectively.
The link holding portion 26a is connected to the vicinity of the front end portions of the side wall portions 25a and 25b. The link holding portion 26b is connected to the vicinity of the end portions on the inner side of the side wall portions 25a and 25b. The link holding portions 26a and 26b are arranged side by side along the depth direction (X direction), and a gap is formed between the two members.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the link holding portion 26a has two slits 28a and 28b penetrating along the depth direction (X direction) and extending along the left-right direction (Y direction). It is formed. The slits 28a and 28b are formed so as to be symmetrical to the left and right with respect to the center of the link holding portion 26a.
Similarly, the link holding portion 26b also penetrates along the depth direction (X direction), and two slits 29a and 29b extending along the left-right direction (Y direction) are formed. The slits 29a and 29b hold the links on the back side so that they are at the same positions as the slits 28a and 28b formed in the link holding portion 26a on the front side when the speaker 110 is viewed from the front as shown in FIG. It is formed in the portion 26b.

The two actuator holding portions 27 have the same configuration as each other and are connected to the lower central portions of the side wall portions 25a and 25b, respectively.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the actuator holding portion is connected to the left side wall portion 25a and is connected to the rod-shaped first member 30a extending diagonally downward to the right and the left and right members 30a. It has a rod-shaped second member 30b extending in the direction.
The second member 30b has a length such that the tip thereof is arranged at a position slightly to the left of the central position of the speaker 110 (the central position in the front view of FIG. 4).
The actuator holding portion 27b is connected to the right side wall portion 25b, and has a rod-shaped first member 31a extending diagonally downward to the left and a rod-shaped second member 31a connected to the first member 31a and extending in the left-right direction. It has a member 31b.
The second member 31b has a length such that the tip of the second member 31b is arranged at a position slightly to the right of the central position of the speaker 110 (the central position in the front view of FIG. 4).

As shown in FIG. 9 and the like, the actuator holding portions 27a and 27b are arranged so as to be aligned in a straight line in the left-right direction at the central position of the gap between the link holding portions 26a and 26b. A gap is formed between the tip of the second member 30b of the actuator holding portion 27a and the tip of the second member 31b of the actuator holding portion 27b. The gap is formed at the center position when the speaker 110 is viewed from below.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4 and the like, in the vertical direction (Z direction), the diaphragm holding portion 24, the two link holding portions 26, and the two second members 30b and 31b are arranged at different positions. The diaphragm holding portion 24 is arranged at the uppermost position, and the two second members 30b and 31b are arranged at the lowermost position. Then, the two link holding portions 26 are arranged at positions between the diaphragm holding portion 24 and the two second members 30b and 31b.
In the present embodiment, the configuration when the frame mechanism 23 is viewed from the front and the configuration when viewed from the opposite back side are equal to each other (the configuration shown in FIG. 4). Further, the configuration when the frame mechanism 23 is viewed from the right side and the configuration on the opposite left side are equal to each other (the configuration shown in FIG. 7).

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the diaphragm 13 is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the diaphragm holding portion 24. The diaphragm 13 is arranged so as to be parallel to the XY plane direction. That is, the vertical direction (Z direction) is the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 13.
The diaphragm 13 outputs (radiates) sound toward the upper side. That is, the vertical direction (upward direction) is the sound output direction (radiation direction).
As described above, the specific configuration such as the material, size, and shape of the diaphragm 13 (front shape when viewed from the sound output direction, etc.) is not limited, and may be arbitrarily designed. Further, the method of fixing the diaphragm 13 is not limited.

The actuator mechanism 10 includes an actuator 32 and a vibration output unit 33. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 and the like, the actuator 32 has a thin plate shape and is held by the tips of the two second members 30b and 31b of the actuator holding portions 27a and 27b.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9 and the like, when the speaker 110 is viewed from below, the actuator 32 is arranged at the center position of the speaker 110 (corresponding to the center position of the diaphragm 13).
The actuator 32 is arranged so as to be parallel to the XY plane direction. That is, the actuator 32 is arranged in parallel with the diaphragm 13. Further, the actuator 32 is configured to be capable of generating vibration along the Z direction perpendicular to the actuator 32 by applying a voltage.
For example, the actuator 32 is arranged so as to be parallel to the diaphragm 13 at the origin of operation when the vibration along the Z direction is generated. Of course, it is not limited to this.
As shown in FIG. 6 and the like, the vibration output unit 33 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape as an overall general shape, and the longitudinal direction is the depth direction (X direction) at the center of the upper surface of the plate-shaped actuator 32. It is configured to be parallel to. Further, the vibration output unit 33 is formed with a through hole extending in the depth direction (X direction).
As shown in FIG. 7, a rod-shaped joint member 50 extending along the depth direction (X direction) is inserted into the through hole of the vibration output unit 33. Both ends of the joint member 50 are arranged so as to project from the through hole.

The four first link mechanisms 11 (11a to 11d) have the same configuration as each other. That is, each of the four first link mechanisms 11 has a main link member 16 (input end 18 / output end 19) and a sub link member 17 (connecting end 20 / rotating end 21) shown in FIG. Have.
Here, in the four first link mechanisms 11a to 11d, reference numerals are given to the main link member 16 (input end 18 / output end 19) and the sub link member 17 (connecting end 20 / rotating end 21). It is defined as follows.
First link mechanism 11a ... Main link member 35a (input end 37a / output end 38a), sub link member 36a (connecting end 39a / rotating end 40a)
First link mechanism 11b ... Main link member 35b (input end 37b / output end 38b), sub link member 36b (connecting end 39b / rotating end 40b)
First link mechanism 11c ... Main link member 35c (input end 37c / output end 38c), sub link member 36c (connecting end 39c / rotating end 40c)
First link mechanism 11d ... Main link member 35d (input end 37d / output end 38d), sub link member 36d (connecting end 39d / rotating end 40d)

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the four first link mechanisms 11 are configured in the region between the two link holding portions 26 and the two second members 30b and 31b that hold the actuator mechanism 10. Will be done.
Of the four first link mechanisms 11, the first link mechanisms 11a and 11b are configured on the front side of the speaker 110.
The input end portion 37a of the main link member 35a of the first link mechanism 11a and the input end portion 37b of the main link member 35b of the first link mechanism 11b were both inserted into the vibration output portion 33 of the actuator mechanism 10. It is connected to the front end of the joint member 50.
The output end 38a of the main link member 35a is connected to the inner end of the joint member 51. The joint member 51 is configured to extend in the depth direction, and is arranged so as to be movable (sliding) left and right in the slit 28a on the left side formed in the link holding portion 26a on the front side.
The output end 38b of the main link member 35b is connected to the inner end of the joint member 52. The joint member 52 is configured to extend in the depth direction, and is arranged so as to be movable (sliding) left and right in the slit 28b on the right side formed in the link holding portion 26a.

The connecting end 39a of the sub-link member 36a of the first link mechanism 11a is rotatably connected to the central position of the main link member 35a. The rotary end 40a of the secondary link member 36a is rotatably connected to the central position of the link holding portion 26a on the front side.
The connecting end 39b of the sub-link member 36b of the first link mechanism 11b is rotatably connected to the central position of the main link member 35b. The rotary end 40b of the secondary link member 36b is rotatably connected to the central position of the link holding portion 26a on the front side.
That is, in the present embodiment, in the first link mechanisms 11a and 11b, the rotating ends 40a and 40b of the sub-link members 36a and 36b are arranged at the same positions.
As shown in FIG. 4, the first link mechanisms 11a and 11b are configured to be symmetrical with respect to the central position of the speaker 110 (the central position in the front view of FIG. 4).

Of the four first link mechanisms 11, the first link mechanisms 11c and 11d are configured on the back side of the speaker 110. The first link mechanisms 11c and 11d have the same configurations as those of the first link mechanisms 11a and 11b when the speaker 110 is viewed from the front side.
Specifically, the input end 37c of the main link member 35c of the first link mechanism 11c and the input end 37d of the main link member 35d of the first link mechanism 11d are both vibration output units of the actuator mechanism 10. It is connected to the rear end of the joint member 50 inserted into 33.
The output end 38c of the main link member 35c is connected to the front end of the joint member 53. The joint member 53 is configured to extend in the depth direction, and can move left and right in the slit 29a on the left side (left side with reference to FIG. 4, the same applies hereinafter) formed in the link holding portion 26b on the back side (the same applies hereinafter). Slidable).
The output end 38d of the main link member 35d is connected to the front end of the joint member 54. The joint member 54 is configured to extend in the depth direction, and is arranged so as to be movable (sliding) left and right in the slit 29b on the right side formed in the link holding portion 26b.

The connecting end 39c of the sub-link member 36c of the first link mechanism 11c is rotatably connected to the central position of the main link member 35c. The rotary end 40c of the secondary link member 36c is rotatably connected to the central position of the link holding portion 26b on the back side.
The connecting end 39d of the sub-link member 36d of the first link mechanism 11d is rotatably connected to the central position of the main link member 35d. The rotary end 40d of the secondary link member 36d is rotatably connected to the central position of the link holding portion 26b on the back side.
That is, in the first link mechanisms 11c and 11d, the rotating ends 40c and 40d of the sub-link members 36c and 36d are arranged at the same positions.
When the speaker 110 is viewed from the back side, the first link mechanisms 11c and 11d are configured to be symmetrical with respect to the central position of the speaker 110.
Further, the main link member 35a and the main link member 35c are connected to each other by a joint member 55 extending along the depth direction (X direction). Similarly, the main link member 35b and the main link member 35d are also connected to each other by a joint member 56 extending along the depth direction (X direction).

The four second link mechanisms 12 (12a-12d) have the same configuration as each other. That is, each of the four second link mechanisms 12 has a main link member 16 (input end 18 / output end 19) and a sub link member 17 (connecting end 20 / rotating end 21) shown in FIG. Have.
Here, in the four second link mechanisms 12a to 12d, reference numerals are given to the main link member 16 (input end 18 / output end 19) and the sub link member 17 (connecting end 20 / rotating end 21). It is defined as follows.
Second link mechanism 12a ... Main link member 42a (input end 44a / output end 45a), sub link member 43a (connecting end 46a / rotating end 47a)
Second link mechanism 12b ... Main link member 42b (input end 44b / output end 45b), sub link member 43b (connecting end 46b / rotating end 47b)
Second link mechanism 12c ... Main link member 42c (input end 44c / output end 45c), sub link member 43c (connecting end 46c / rotating end 47c)
Second link mechanism 12d ... Main link member 42d (input end 44d / output end 45d), sub link member 43d (connecting end 46d / rotating end 47d)

The four second link mechanisms 12a to 12d are respectively arranged corresponding to the four first link mechanisms 11a to 11d.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, of the four second link mechanisms 12, the second link mechanisms 12a and 12b are configured on the front side of the speaker 110.
The input end 44a of the main link member 42a of the second link mechanism 12a is a joint member 51 that is slidably arranged to the left and right in the slit 28a on the left side formed in the link holding portion 26a on the front side. It is connected to the front end of.
Therefore, the input end portion 44a of the main link member 42a is connected to the output end portion 38a of the main link member 35a of the first link mechanism 11a via a joint member 51 configured to extend in the depth direction. To.
The output end 38a of the main link member 42a of the second link mechanism 12a is connected to the connecting portion 49a arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm 13.
The connecting end portion 46a of the sub-link member 43a of the second link mechanism 12a is rotatably connected to the central position of the main link member 42a. The rotating end portion 47a of the sub-link member 43a is rotatably connected to the link holding portion 26a on the front side.
As shown in FIG. 4 and the like, the rotating end portion 47a of the sub-link member 43a is rotatably connected to the position on the left side of the slit 28a on the front surface of the link holding portion 26a.

The input end 44b of the main link member 42b of the second link mechanism 12b is a joint member 52 that is slidably arranged to the left and right in the slit 28b on the right side formed in the link holding portion 26a on the front side. It is connected to the front end of.
Therefore, the input end 44b of the main link member 42b is connected to the output end 38b of the main link member 35b of the first link mechanism 11b via a joint member 52 configured to extend in the depth direction. To.
The output end 38b of the main link member 42b of the second link mechanism 12b is connected to the connecting portion 49b arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm 13.
The connecting end 46b of the sub-link member 43b of the second link mechanism 12b is rotatably connected to the central position of the main link member 42b. The rotating end portion 47a of the sub-link member 43b is rotatably connected to the link holding portion 26a on the front side.
As shown in FIG. 4 and the like, the rotating end portion 47b of the sub-link member 43b is rotatably connected to the position on the right side of the slit 28b on the front surface of the link holding portion 26a.

As shown in FIG. 4, the second link mechanisms 12a and 12b are configured to be symmetrical with respect to the central position of the speaker 110 (the central position in the front view of FIG. 4).

Of the four second link mechanisms 12, the second link mechanisms 12c and 12d are configured on the back side of the speaker 110. The second link mechanisms 12 and 12d have the same configurations as those of the second link mechanisms 12a and 12b when the speaker 110 is viewed from the front side.

The input end 44c of the main link member 42c of the second link mechanism 12c is a joint member 53 that is slidably arranged to the left and right in the slit 29a on the left side formed in the link holding portion 26b on the back side. It is connected to the end on the back side of.
Therefore, the input end 44c of the main link member 42c is connected to the output end 38c of the main link member 35c of the first link mechanism 11c via a joint member 53 configured to extend in the depth direction. To.
The output end 38c of the main link member 42c of the second link mechanism 12c is connected to the connecting portion 49c arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm 13.
The connecting end 46c of the sub-link member 43c of the second link mechanism 12c is rotatably connected to the central position of the main link member 42c. The rotating end 47c of the sub-link member 43c is rotatably connected to the link holding portion 26b on the back side.
The rotating end 47c of the sub-link member 43c is connected to the front surface of the link holding portion 26b. Further, the rotating end portion 47c is attached to the link holding portion 26b at the same position as the rotating end portion 47a of the sub link member 43a of the second link mechanism 12a when the speaker 110 is viewed from the front as shown in FIG. Be connected.

The input end 44d of the main link member 42d of the second link mechanism 12d is a joint member 54 that is slidably arranged to the left and right in the slit 29b on the right side formed in the link holding portion 26b on the back side. It is connected to the front end of.
Therefore, the input end 44d of the main link member 42d is connected to the output end 38d of the main link member 35d of the first link mechanism 11d via a joint member 54 configured to extend in the depth direction. To.
The output end 38d of the main link member 42d of the second link mechanism 12d is connected to the connecting portion 49d arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm 13.
The connecting end portion 46d of the sub-link member 43d of the second link mechanism 12d is rotatably connected to the central position of the main link member 42d. The rotating end portion 47d of the sub-link member 43d is rotatably connected to the link holding portion 26d on the back side.
The rotating end portion 47d of the sub-link member 43d is connected to the front surface of the link holding portion 26b. Further, the rotating end portion 47d is attached to the link holding portion 26b at the same position as the rotating end portion 47b of the auxiliary link member 43b of the second link mechanism 12b when the speaker 110 is viewed from the front as shown in FIG. Be connected.
When the speaker 110 is viewed from the back side, the second link mechanisms 12c and 12d are configured to be symmetrical with respect to the central position of the speaker 110.
Further, the main link member 42a and the main link member 42c are connected to each other by a joint member 57 extending along the depth direction (X direction). Similarly, the main link member 42b and the main link member 42d are also connected to each other by a joint member 58 extending along the depth direction (X direction).

As shown in FIG. 9, four connecting portions 49a to 49d are arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm 13 so as to be symmetrical with respect to the center position.
Therefore, the output ends 45a to 45d of each of the four second link mechanisms 12a to 12d are connected to positions symmetrical with respect to the center position on the lower surface of the diaphragm 13.

[Speaker sound output operation]
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining the sound output operation by the speaker 110.
A drive signal for driving the actuator 32 is generated based on voice data (acoustic data) by a circuit or the like (not shown). A voltage is applied to the actuator 32 based on the drive signal, and the first vibration V1 having the vertical direction (Z direction) as the first direction is generated.
The generated first vibration V1 causes the joint member 50 (see FIG. 7 and the like) inserted into the vibration output unit 33 (see FIG. 6 and the like) of the actuator mechanism 10 to vibrate along the Z direction. A guide mechanism or the like for vibrating the joint member 50 along the Z direction may be configured.

In the present embodiment, the input ends 37a to 37d of the four first link mechanisms 11a to 11d are connected to both ends of the joint member 50, respectively. Therefore, the input ends 37a to 37d also vibrate in the first vibration V1. That is, the first vibration V1 having the vertical direction (Z direction) as the first direction is input to the input ends 37a to 37d of each of the four first link mechanisms 11a to 11b.

The four first link mechanisms 11a to 11d are composed of Scott Russell type strictly linear motion mechanisms. Therefore, the first vibration V1 input to each of the first link mechanisms 11a to 11d is converted into the second vibration V2 having the left-right direction (Y direction) as the second direction.
As shown in FIG. 10, in the present embodiment, the second vibration V2A is output by the output ends 38a and 38c of the first link mechanism 11a and 11c, respectively. The output second vibration V2A causes the joint members 51 and 53 (see FIG. 5 and the like) to vibrate in a strict linear motion along the Y direction.
Further, in the present embodiment, the second vibration V2B is output by the output ends 38b and 38d of the first link mechanism 11b and 11d, respectively. The output second vibration V2B causes the joint members 52 and 54 (see FIG. 5 and the like) to vibrate in a strict linear motion along the Y direction.
The second vibration V2A and the second vibration V2B have the same amplitude, and the directions of vibration are opposite to each other.

The four second link mechanisms 12a to 12d are composed of Scott Russell type strictly linear motion mechanisms. The input end 44a of the second link mechanism 12a is connected to the joint member 51. The input end 44c of the second link mechanism 12c is connected to the joint member 53. Therefore, the input ends 44a and 44c vibrate in the second vibration V2A. That is, the second vibration V2A having the left-right direction (Y direction) as the second direction is input to the input ends 44a and 44c of the second link mechanisms 12a and 12c, respectively.
Further, the input end portion 44b of the second link mechanism 12b is connected to the joint member 52. The input end 44d of the second link mechanism 12d is connected to the joint member 54. Therefore, the input ends 44b and 44d vibrate in the second vibration V2B. That is, the second vibration V2B having the left-right direction (Y direction) as the second direction is input to the input ends 44b and 44d of the second link mechanisms 12b and 12d, respectively.

The second vibration V2A input to the input ends 44a and 44c by the second link mechanisms 12a and 12c is converted into a third vibration V3 along the vertical direction (Z direction), and the output end 45a And output from 45c. The output third vibration V3 is transmitted to the connecting portions 49a and 49c arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm 13.
The second vibration V2B input to the input ends 44b and 44d by the second link mechanisms 12b and 12d is converted into a third vibration V3 along the vertical direction (Z direction), and the output end 45b And output from 45d. The output third vibration V3 is transmitted to the connecting portions 49b and 49d arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm 13.
The third vibration V3 output from each of the four second link mechanisms 12a to 12d has the same amplitude and the same vibration direction. Therefore, the same vibration is transmitted to the four connecting portions 49a to 49d provided at positions symmetrical with respect to the central position on the lower surface of the diaphragm 13.
That is, the diaphragm 13 vibrates in the third vibration V3 due to the strict linear motion along the Z direction transmitted to the four connecting portions 49a to 49d. As a result, the diaphragm 13 radiates sound based on the voice data.
A guide mechanism or the like for vibrating the four output end portions 45a to 45d and the four connecting portions 49a to 49d along the Z direction may be configured.

As described above, in the speaker 100 (110) according to the present embodiment, the first vibration V1 generated by the actuator mechanism 10 along the first direction is the first vibration V1 along the second direction by the first link mechanism 11. It is converted into vibration V2 of 2 and output. Further, the second link mechanism 12 converts the second vibration V2 into the third vibration V3 along the first direction and transmits it to the diaphragm 13. This makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the speaker.

In order to realize an electric-acoustic converter (speaker), various basic structures and various methods can be considered. For example, in order to contribute to thinning and realize a speaker mounted on a product having a limited space, a speaker using a piezoelectric element as an actuator can be considered.
In a speaker using a piezoelectric element, the diaphragm is driven by an inverse piezoelectric effect that is deformed when a voltage is applied to a specific substance such as ceramic. As a method of transmitting the driving force from the actuator before driving the diaphragm, a configuration is conceivable in which the deformation of the actuator is transmitted to the diaphragm as an extension of the curved surface after the deformation via the transmission member. Further, as a method for realizing a thin display panel or the like as a device using the piezoelectric element, a configuration in which the driving force is propagated in the plate surface direction with respect to the displacement direction of the piezoelectric element can be considered.
In any of these configurations, the speaker is not suitable for the piston movement of the entire diaphragm (intended vibrating portion). This is clear from the method of amplifying the bending motion of the piezoelectric element as it is as the amplitude and the method of using the longitudinal vibration along the plate surface.
Further, a speaker using a piezoelectric element is less likely to have a large displacement amount than a conductive speaker or the like, and since the element itself is hard, the resonance frequency tends to be high, which is disadvantageous in terms of low-frequency reproduction power.

In the speaker 110 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 and the like, the actuator 32 having a plate shape can be arranged in parallel with the diaphragm 13, and the speaker 110 can be made thinner. It is possible.
Further, based on the first vibration V1 generated by the actuator mechanism 10, it is possible to transmit the third vibration V3, which is vibration in the same direction, to the diaphragm 13, and the entire piston movement of the diaphragm 13 is realized. It becomes possible to do. As a result, it is possible to realize high output characteristics and acoustic characteristics.
Further, since the first link mechanism 11 and the second link mechanism 12 are composed of a Scott Russell type strictly linear motion mechanism, the diaphragm 13 can be vibrated by the strictly linear motion. As a result, it is possible to sufficiently prevent distortion of sound and the like, and it is possible to improve the acoustic characteristics.

Further, for example, referring to FIG. 3 and the like, the angles θ1 and θ2 shown in FIG. 2 are set so that the output vibration is amplified with respect to the input vibration, and the first link mechanism 11 and the second link mechanism 12 are set. May be configured. This makes it possible to output the second vibration V2 so that the amplitude is larger than the amplitude of the first vibration V1. Further, it is possible to output the third vibration V3 so that the amplitude becomes larger than the amplitude of the second vibration V2.
As a result, the first vibration V1 is amplified and transmitted to the diaphragm 13 as the third vibration V3. As a result, it is possible to increase the stroke amount of the diaphragm 13, improve the sound pressure, expand the low frequency reproduction frequency, and the like.
Of course, by configuring only one of the first link mechanism 11 or the second link mechanism 12 so as to be able to amplify the input vibration, the first vibration V1 is amplified and the third vibration V3 is amplified. It is also possible to realize that it is output as.
For example, in the first link mechanism 11, the second vibration V2 having the same amplitude as the amplitude of the first vibration V1 is output. Then, the second link mechanism 12 outputs the third vibration V3 with an amplitude larger than the amplitude of the second vibration V2. Such a configuration is also possible.

Further, on the lower surface of the diaphragm 13, vibration is transmitted to the diaphragm 13 at four positions symmetrical with respect to the center position. This makes it possible to sufficiently prevent the diaphragm 13 from bending at the time of sound output. As a result, it is possible to improve the acoustic characteristics.

<Other Embodiments>
The present technology is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various other embodiments can be realized.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a configuration example of a speaker according to another embodiment of the present technology.
As shown in FIG. 11A, in the speaker 120, the actuator 32 is arranged between the diaphragm 13 and the link holding portion 26 in the vertical direction (Z direction). Therefore, in the first link mechanism 11, the output end 38 is arranged on the lower side with respect to the input end 37.
The input end 44 of the second link mechanism 12 is connected to the output end 38 of the first link mechanism 11 via a joint member. The output end 45 of the second link mechanism 12 is connected to the diaphragm 13.
Therefore, in the speaker 120, the positions of the output end 38 (first output end) of the first link mechanism 11 and the input end 44 (second input end) of the second link mechanism 12 are positioned as actuators. It is configured to be located on the opposite side of the diaphragm 13 with reference to 32.

As shown in FIG. 11B, when a voltage is applied to the actuator 32, a first vibration V1 having a vertical direction as a first direction is generated.
The first vibration V1 input to the input end 37 by the first link mechanism 11 is converted into a second vibration V2 having the left-right direction (Y direction) as the second direction, and is converted by the output end 38. It is output.
The second vibration V2 output by the first link mechanism 11 is input to the input end 44 of the second link mechanism 12. The second link mechanism 12 converts the second vibration V2 into a third vibration V3 along the vertical direction (Z direction), and transmits the second vibration V2 to the diaphragm 13 via the output end portion 45.

In this way, in the speaker 120, the actuator 32 is arranged between the diaphragm 13 and the link holding portion 26. Therefore, since the thickness of the speaker 120 is defined by the distance from the upper end of the diaphragm 13 to the lower end of the link holding portion 26, it is very advantageous for thinning.
On the other hand, in the speaker 110 described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 10, the output end 38 (first output end) of the first link mechanism 11 and the input end 44 of the second link mechanism 12 The position of (second input end) is configured to be the position between the diaphragm 13 and the actuator 32. In this configuration, it becomes easy to set the maximum amplitude of the diaphragm 13 to be large, which is advantageous for improving the output characteristics and the acoustic characteristics.

In the speaker 130 shown in FIG. 12, the joint member 60 connecting the output end 38 of the first link mechanism 11 and the input end 44 of the second link mechanism 12 is used in the vibration direction of the second vibration V2. A rod-shaped member extending along the line is used.
As a result, it is possible to increase the distance between the first link mechanism 11 and the second link mechanism 12 in the vibration direction (Y direction) of the second vibration V2. As a result, for example, the degree of freedom in designing the actuator mechanism 10, the first link mechanism 11, the second link mechanism 12, and the frame mechanism 23 can be improved, and the speaker 130 can be made thinner. It will be possible. Further, it is possible to improve the degree of freedom in designing the position where vibration is transmitted to the diaphragm 13, and it is also possible to improve the output characteristics and the acoustic characteristics.
In addition, an arbitrary configuration may be adopted as a joint member for inputting the second vibration V2 output by the first link mechanism 11 to the input end 44 of the second link mechanism 12. Further, the configuration of the joint member provided at another position may be arbitrarily designed.

In the speaker 140 shown in FIG. 13, the second link mechanism 12 is configured by a rage tong type link mechanism. By increasing the number of parallel link mechanisms configured in a parallelogram (diamond), it is possible to increase the amplification factor of the output vibration (third vibration V3) with respect to the input vibration (second vibration V2). It becomes.
When a piezoelectric element is used as the actuator 32, it is possible to generate the first vibration V1 at a high output. Therefore, it is possible to stably drive the rage tong type link mechanism as shown in FIG. As a result, it becomes possible to realize a high sound pressure.
Like the speaker 140, the first link mechanism 11 and the second link mechanism 12 have different configurations (basic principle for transmitting vibration) for converting and outputting the input vibration. It may be configured.
Of course, the first link mechanism 11 may be configured by a rage tong type link mechanism.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view when the speaker is viewed from above, and only the outer shape of the diaphragm 13 is shown.
In the speaker 150 shown in FIG. 14A, the actuator 32 is arranged at a position corresponding to the central position of the diaphragm 13, and the first vibration V1 is generated along the direction (Z direction) perpendicular to the paper surface.
The first vibration V1 input to the input end 37 of the first link mechanism 11 is converted into the second vibration V2 along the Y direction and output from the output terminal 38.
The second link mechanism 12 converts the second vibration V2 input to the input end 44 connected to the output terminal 38 into the third vibration V3 along the Z direction, and converts the output end 45 into a third vibration V3. It is transmitted to the diaphragm 13 via. The first link mechanism 11 and the second link mechanism 12 are configured to be symmetrical.
The diaphragm 13 outputs sound by vibrating by a third vibration V3 transmitted to two positions symmetrical with respect to the center.

In the speaker 160 shown in FIG. 14B, the actuator 32 is arranged at a position corresponding to the position of the center of the diaphragm 13, and the first vibration V1 is generated along the direction (Z direction) perpendicular to the paper surface.
Common to the input ends 37a to 37b of the three first link mechanisms 11a to 11b, the first vibration V1 is converted into the second vibrations V2A to B2C along the three directions perpendicular to the Z direction and output. It is output from terminals 38a to 38c.
The three second link mechanisms 12a to 12b convert the second second vibrations V2A to V2C input to the input terminals 44a to 44c into the third vibration V3 along the Z direction, and output terminals. It is transmitted to the diaphragm 13 via the portions 45a to 45c. The first link mechanisms 11a to 11c and the second link mechanisms 12a to 12c are configured to be symmetrical.
The diaphragm 13 outputs sound by vibrating by a third vibration V3 transmitted to six positions symmetrical with respect to the center.
In this way, the first vibration V1 commonly input to the plurality of first link mechanisms 11 may be converted into the second vibrations V2A to V2C that vibrate in different directions and output.

In the speaker 170 shown in FIG. 15, two diaphragms 13a and 13b are held by the frame mechanism 23.
The diaphragm 13a is vibrated by the first link mechanism 11a and the second link mechanism 12a. The diaphragm 13b is vibrated by the first link mechanism 11b and the second link mechanism 12b. In the first link mechanisms 11a and 11b, the first vibration generated by the actuator 32 is commonly input.
In this way, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which two diaphragms 13a and 13b are vibrated from one actuator 32.
For example, a configuration for transmitting the vibration of the first link mechanism 11a and the second link mechanism 12a, a configuration for transmitting the vibration of the first link mechanism 11b and the second link mechanism 12b, and the material used. The type, viscosity of oil, etc. applied to the rotating end, etc. are appropriately controlled.
Thereby, the third vibration output from the second link mechanism 12a and the third vibration output from the second link mechanism 12b can be made different from each other. That is, the vibration transmitted to the diaphragm 13a and the vibration transmitted to the diaphragm 13b can be made different from each other.
As a result, the diaphragms 13a and 13b can be operated with different output characteristics and acoustic characteristics. For example, it is possible to realize a configuration in which one diaphragm 13a is used for low frequencies and the other diaphragm 13b is used for high frequencies.
Further, it is also possible to configure the vibration transmitted to the diaphragm 13a and the vibration transmitted to the diaphragm 13b to be vibrations having opposite phases to each other.
Of course, the mechanism 11a and the second link mechanism 12a and the first link mechanism 11b and the second link mechanism 12b do not have to be configured to be symmetrical.

In the speaker 180 shown in FIG. 16, two diaphragms 13a and 13b are held by the frame mechanism 23.
The second link mechanism 12a is provided with two output ends 45a and 45a'. The output end 45a is connected to the diaphragm 13a, and the output end 45a'is connected to the diaphragm 13b.
The second link mechanism 12b is provided with two output ends 45b and 45b'. The output end 45b is connected to the diaphragm 13a, and the output end 45b'is connected to the diaphragm 13b.
The diaphragm 13a is vibrated by the third vibration output from the output end 45a of the second link mechanism 12a and the third vibration output from the output end 45b of the second link mechanism 12b. To.
The diaphragm 13b is added by the third vibration output from the output end 45a'of the second link mechanism 12a and the third vibration output from the output end 45b' of the second link mechanism 12b. Be shaken.
In this way, the second link mechanism 12 may be provided with a plurality of output end portions 45. The second link mechanism 12 is configured so that the third vibrations output from each of the plurality of output end portions 45 are different from each other. This makes it possible to vibrate the plurality of diaphragms 13 so as to be different from each other.
For example, in the example shown in FIG. 16, vibrations having opposite phases are output from each of the output end portions 45a and 45a'. Further, vibrations having opposite phases are output from each of the output ends 45b and 45b'. As a result, the diaphragms 13a and 13b can be vibrated so as to be in opposite phases to each other. Such a configuration can be easily realized.

As in the speaker 190 shown in FIG. 17, the input ends 37a and 37b of the first link mechanisms 11a and 11b may be connected to different positions of one actuator 32. Then, the first vibration may be input to each of the input end portions 37a and 37b.
That is, a plurality of first link mechanisms 11 may be individually connected to one actuator 32.

As in the speaker 200 shown in FIG. 18, a damper (vibration damping member) 62 may be arranged between the second link mechanisms 12a and 12b and the frame mechanism 23. As a result, unnecessary vibration can be suppressed, and the sound output operation of the speaker 200 can be stabilized and highly accurate.
The specific configuration of the damper 62 is not limited, and any configuration may be adopted. For example, unnecessary vibration may be prevented by appropriately controlling the viscosity of the oil or the like applied to the rotating rotating end or the like.
Of course, a damper may be configured between the first link mechanisms 11a and 11b and the frame mechanism 23.

In the speaker 210 shown in FIG. 19, a vibration input mechanism 65 for inputting vibration is connected to the output end 38 of the first link mechanism 11.
The vibration input mechanism 65 inputs the same vibration as the second vibration V2 to the output end 38. This makes it possible to input the second vibration V2 to the second link mechanism 12 with even higher power. As a result, it is very advantageous to amplify the second vibration V2 and transmit it to the diaphragm 13 as the third vibration V3.
In the example shown in FIG. 19, as the vibration input mechanism 65, the same configuration as the actuator mechanism 10 and the first link mechanism 11 is arranged in a left-right inverted state and connected to the output end 38. The voltage applied to the actuator 32 is inverted and applied to the actuator of the vibration input mechanism 65. As a result, a vibration V1'that is out of phase with the first vibration V1 is generated, and the same vibration as the second vibration V2 is input to the output end 38.
Of course, the configuration of the vibration input mechanism 65 is not limited, and any other configuration may be adopted.
The vibration input mechanism 65 can also be regarded as the actuator mechanism and the first mechanism according to the present technology. In this case, it can be said that the second vibration is output from the common output end portion by the two actuator mechanisms and the first mechanism.

In the speaker 110 described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 10, rod-shaped members were used as the joint members 50 to 58. For example, as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the joint member 57 connecting the second link mechanisms 12a and 12c and the joint member 58 connecting the second link mechanisms 12b and 12d are made of rod-shaped members. Become.
The configuration for connecting the plurality of first link mechanisms 11 and the configuration for connecting the second link mechanism 12 are not limited. For example, by using rod-shaped members such as joint members 58 and 57, it is possible to reduce the weight of the device. On the other hand, by using a thick member, a thick member, or the like as the joint member, it is possible to improve the durability (strength).
For example, referring to FIG. 6, secondly, the main link members 42a and 42c of each of the link mechanisms 12a and 12c may be connected by a joint member having a substantially plate shape. That is, the main link members 42a and 42c and the joint member form a member having a substantially plate shape. Such a design is also possible.

When a piezoelectric element is used as the actuator 32, it is possible to generate the first vibration V1 at a high output. Therefore, it is possible to use a heavy metal bearing or the like at the rotating end portion or the like in the first link mechanism 11 or the second link mechanism 12. It is also possible to use high hardness plastic bearings. As a result, it is possible to realize stabilization and high accuracy of the operation of transmitting the vibration of the first link mechanism 11 and the second link mechanism 12.
For example, it is also possible to realize the first link mechanism 11 and the second link mechanism 12 by inserting and molding silicon.

When the speaker is not operating (when sound is not output), the actuator 32 may be constantly moved with a small amplitude. This makes it possible to sufficiently suppress the influence of static friction during the operation of the speaker (when the sound is output). As a result, it is possible to improve the response characteristics of the speaker. For example, when a metal bearing or a high hardness plastic bearing as described above is used, a very high effect can be obtained.

FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing an example of an electronic device equipped with a speaker according to the present technology.
For example, as shown in FIG. 20A, the speaker 100 according to the present technology can be mounted on the thin television device 70. The television device 70 is equipped with a control unit 71 that controls the drive of the speaker 100. The control unit 71 has hardware necessary for configuring a computer such as a CPU, GPU, ROM, RAM, and HDD. For example, hardware such as FPGA or ASIC may be used as the control unit 71. Since the speaker 100 can be made thinner, it is very advantageous for making the television device 70 thinner.
Further, as shown in FIG. 20B, the speaker 100 according to the present technology can be mounted on the headphone 75. The headphone 75 is equipped with a control unit 76 that controls the drive of the speaker 100. Since the speaker 100 can be made thinner, it is very advantageous for making the headphone 75 thinner (miniaturized).

The type of electronic device on which the speaker 100 according to the present technology can be mounted is not limited. For example, it is connected to electronic devices such as mobile phones, smartphones, personal computers, game machines, digital cameras, audio devices, TVs, projectors, car navigation systems, GPS terminals, wearable information devices (glasses type, wristband type), the Internet, etc. It is possible to apply this technology to any electronic device such as IoT device.

As described above, the application of the present technology is not limited by the orientation in which the speaker 100 is used and the like. On the other hand, it is possible to improve the operation accuracy of the speaker 100 by appropriately setting the arrangement method of the speaker 100.
Specifically, the first direction, which is the vibration direction of the first vibration V1 and the third vibration V3, and / or the second direction, which is the vibration direction of the second vibration V2, is different from the vertical direction. It is preferable to set the direction. That is, it is preferable to set the first direction and / or the second direction so as not to be parallel to the vertical direction.
For example, like the speaker 110 shown in FIG. 4 and the like, the actuator 32 and the diaphragm 13 are arranged in parallel. In this case, since the first direction is the front direction (sound output direction) of the diaphragm 13, it is considered that the first direction is inevitably set in the direction in which the sound is desired to be output.
When the first direction is set, the second direction is set to a direction different from the vertical direction, in other words, a direction that is not affected by gravity (a direction that is less affected). This makes it possible to stabilize and improve the accuracy of the vibration transmission operation by the first link mechanism 11 and the second link mechanism 12. As a result, the sound output operation of the speaker 110 is stabilized and the accuracy is improved.

For example, as shown in FIG. 20A, it is assumed that the speaker 100 is mounted on the television device 70. In this case, the speaker 100 is configured in the television device 70 so that the second direction is different from the vertical direction based on a predetermined basic posture of the television device 70.
For example, in the example shown in FIG. 20A, the television device 70 is arranged so that the vertical direction is parallel to the vertical direction. The posture of the television device 70 is the basic posture.
When the speaker 100 is mounted so that the front side of the television device 70 is the sound output direction (first direction), the speaker 100 is so that the second direction is the left-right direction of the television device 70. Is installed. As a result, the sound output operation of the speaker 100 is stabilized and the accuracy is improved.
Even when the speaker 100 is mounted on the headphone 75 shown in FIG. 20B, the speaker 100 is mounted so that the second direction is different from the vertical direction. As a result, the sound output operation of the speaker 100 is stabilized and the accuracy is improved.

It is also possible to apply the first link mechanism 11 and the second link mechanism 12 described above to the tactile presentation device. That is, it is also possible to realize the vibration generated by the actuator as the vibration transmission mechanism for transmitting the tactile sensation to the member presenting the tactile sensation by the first link mechanism 11 and the second link mechanism 12 according to the present technology.

Each configuration of the speaker, actuator mechanism, first link mechanism, second link mechanism, diaphragm, frame mechanism, joint member, electronic device, etc., and speaker operation examples, etc., described with reference to each drawing are only implemented once. It is a form and can be arbitrarily modified as long as it does not deviate from the purpose of the present technology. That is, other arbitrary configurations, algorithms, and the like for implementing the present technology may be adopted.

In the present disclosure, "center", "center", "uniform", "equal", "same", "orthogonal", "parallel", "symmetrical", "extended", "axial", "cylindrical", "cylindrical", "ring", and "circle". The concepts that define the shape, size, positional relationship, state, etc., such as "ring shape", are "substantially center", "substantially center", "substantially uniform", "substantially equal", and "substantially the same". "Substantially orthogonal" "substantially parallel" "substantially symmetric" "substantially extending" "substantially axial" "substantially cylindrical" "substantially cylindrical" "substantially cylindrical" The concept includes "ring shape", "substantially ring shape", and the like.

For example, "perfectly centered", "perfectly centered", "perfectly uniform", "perfectly equal", "perfectly identical", "perfectly orthogonal", "perfectly parallel", "perfectly symmetric", "perfectly extending", "perfectly extending" Includes states that are included in a predetermined range (for example, ± 10% range) based on "axial direction", "completely cylindrical shape", "completely cylindrical shape", "completely ring shape", "completely annular shape", etc. Is done.

It is also possible to combine at least two feature parts among the feature parts related to the present technology described above. That is, the various feature portions described in each embodiment may be arbitrarily combined without distinction between the respective embodiments. Further, the various effects described above are merely examples and are not limited, and other effects may be exhibited.

The present technology can also adopt the following configurations.
(1)
Diaphragm and
An actuator mechanism having an actuator and generating a first vibration along a first direction,
A first link mechanism connected to the actuator mechanism, which converts the first vibration into a second vibration along a second direction different from the first direction and outputs the vibration.
A speaker including a second link mechanism connected to the first link mechanism, converting the second vibration into a third vibration along the first direction, and transmitting the second vibration to the diaphragm.
(2) The speaker according to (1).
The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm.
The second direction is a direction parallel to the diaphragm.
(3) The speaker according to (1) or (2).
The actuator has a plate shape and has a plate shape.
The actuator mechanism is a speaker that generates the first vibration with the direction perpendicular to the actuator as the first direction.
(4) The speaker according to (3).
The actuator is a speaker arranged in parallel with the diaphragm.
(5) The speaker according to any one of (1) to (4).
The first link mechanism has a first input end portion to which the first vibration is input and a first output end portion to output the second vibration.
The second link mechanism is a speaker having a second input end to which the second vibration is input and a second output end to output the third vibration.
(6) The speaker according to any one of (1) to (5).
The first link mechanism and the second link mechanism are speakers having the same configuration for converting and outputting the input vibration.
(7) The speaker according to (6).
Each of the first link mechanism and the second link mechanism is a speaker configured by a Scott Russell type strictly linear motion mechanism.
(8) The speaker according to any one of (1) to (7).
The first link mechanism is a speaker that outputs the second vibration so that the amplitude is larger than the amplitude of the first vibration.
(9) The speaker according to any one of (1) to (8).
The second link mechanism is a speaker that outputs the third vibration so that the amplitude is larger than the amplitude of the second vibration.
(10) The speaker according to any one of (1) to (9).
The second link mechanism is a speaker configured by a rage tong type link mechanism.
(11) The speaker according to any one of (1) to (10).
The actuator is a speaker composed of a piezoelectric element or a dielectric elastomer.
(12) The speaker according to any one of (1) to (11).
The actuator is arranged parallel to the diaphragm and
The first link mechanism has a first input end portion to which the first vibration is input and a first output end portion to output the second vibration.
The second link mechanism has a second input end portion to which the second vibration is input and a second output end portion to output the third vibration.
A speaker configured such that the positions of the first output end and the second input end are located between the diaphragm and the actuator.
(13) The speaker according to any one of (1) to (11).
The actuator is arranged parallel to the diaphragm and
The first link mechanism has a first input end portion to which the first vibration is input and a first output end portion to output the second vibration.
The second link mechanism has a second input end portion to which the second vibration is input and a second output end portion to output the third vibration.
A speaker configured such that the positions of the first output end and the second input end are positions opposite to the diaphragm with respect to the actuator.
(14) The speaker according to any one of (1) to (13), and further.
A speaker including the diaphragm, the actuator mechanism, the first link mechanism, and a frame mechanism for holding the second link mechanism.
(15)
Diaphragm and
An actuator mechanism having an actuator and generating a first vibration along a first direction,
A first link mechanism connected to the actuator mechanism, which converts the first vibration into a second vibration along a second direction different from the first direction and outputs the vibration.
A speaker having a second link mechanism connected to the first link mechanism, converting the second vibration into a third vibration along the first direction, and transmitting the second vibration to the diaphragm.
An electronic device including a control unit that controls the drive of the speaker.
(16) The electronic device according to (15).
The speaker is an electronic device configured in the electronic device based on the basic posture of the electronic device so that the second direction is different from the vertical direction.

V1 ... 1st vibration V2 ... 2nd vibration V3 ... 3rd vibration 10 ... Actuator mechanism 11 ... 1st link mechanism 12 ... 2nd link mechanism 13 ... Diaphragm 15 ... Scott Russell mechanism (Scott Russell type) Strict linear motion mechanism)
23 ... Frame mechanism 32 ... Actuator 37 ... Input end of first link mechanism 38 ... Output end of first link mechanism 44 ... Input end of second link mechanism 45 ... Output end of second link mechanism Unit 70 ... TV device 71, 76 ... Control unit 75 ... Headphones 100-210 ... Speaker

Claims (16)

1. Diaphragm and
   An actuator mechanism having an actuator and generating a first vibration along a first direction,
   A first link mechanism connected to the actuator mechanism, which converts the first vibration into a second vibration along a second direction different from the first direction and outputs the vibration.
   A speaker including a second link mechanism connected to the first link mechanism, converting the second vibration into a third vibration along the first direction, and transmitting the second vibration to the diaphragm.
2. The speaker according to claim 1.
   The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm.
   The second direction is a direction parallel to the diaphragm.
3. The speaker according to claim 1.
   The actuator has a plate shape and has a plate shape.
   The actuator mechanism is a speaker that generates the first vibration with the direction perpendicular to the actuator as the first direction.
4. The speaker according to claim 3.
   The actuator is a speaker arranged in parallel with the diaphragm.
5. The speaker according to claim 1.
   The first link mechanism has a first input end portion to which the first vibration is input and a first output end portion to output the second vibration.
   The second link mechanism is a speaker having a second input end to which the second vibration is input and a second output end to output the third vibration.
6. The speaker according to claim 1.
   The first link mechanism and the second link mechanism are speakers having the same configuration for converting and outputting the input vibration.
7. The speaker according to claim 6.
   Each of the first link mechanism and the second link mechanism is a speaker configured by a Scott Russell type strictly linear motion mechanism.
8. The speaker according to claim 1.
   The first link mechanism is a speaker that outputs the second vibration so that the amplitude is larger than the amplitude of the first vibration.
9. The speaker according to claim 1.
   The second link mechanism is a speaker that outputs the third vibration so that the amplitude is larger than the amplitude of the second vibration.
10. The speaker according to claim 1.
    The second link mechanism is a speaker configured by a rage tong type link mechanism.
11. The speaker according to claim 1.
    The actuator is a speaker composed of a piezoelectric element or a dielectric elastomer.
12. The speaker according to claim 1.
    The actuator is arranged parallel to the diaphragm and
    The first link mechanism has a first input end portion to which the first vibration is input and a first output end portion to output the second vibration.
    The second link mechanism has a second input end portion to which the second vibration is input and a second output end portion to output the third vibration.
    A speaker configured such that the positions of the first output end and the second input end are located between the diaphragm and the actuator.
13. The speaker according to claim 1.
    The actuator is arranged parallel to the diaphragm and
    The first link mechanism has a first input end portion to which the first vibration is input and a first output end portion to output the second vibration.
    The second link mechanism has a second input end portion to which the second vibration is input and a second output end portion to output the third vibration.
    A speaker configured such that the positions of the first output end and the second input end are positions opposite to the diaphragm with respect to the actuator.
14. The speaker according to claim 1, further
    A speaker including the diaphragm, the actuator mechanism, the first link mechanism, and a frame mechanism for holding the second link mechanism.
15. Diaphragm and
    An actuator mechanism having an actuator and generating a first vibration along a first direction,
    A first link mechanism connected to the actuator mechanism, which converts the first vibration into a second vibration along a second direction different from the first direction and outputs the vibration.
    A speaker having a second link mechanism connected to the first link mechanism, converting the second vibration into a third vibration along the first direction, and transmitting the second vibration to the diaphragm.
    An electronic device including a control unit that controls the drive of the speaker.
16. The electronic device according to claim 15.
    The speaker is an electronic device configured in the electronic device based on the basic posture of the electronic device so that the second direction is different from the vertical direction.

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