WO2021075269A1 - Portable planar heater, heating equipment, and installation method for snow melting sheet - Google Patents

Portable planar heater, heating equipment, and installation method for snow melting sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021075269A1
WO2021075269A1 PCT/JP2020/037348 JP2020037348W WO2021075269A1 WO 2021075269 A1 WO2021075269 A1 WO 2021075269A1 JP 2020037348 W JP2020037348 W JP 2020037348W WO 2021075269 A1 WO2021075269 A1 WO 2021075269A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carbon sheets
planar heater
portable planar
sheet
carbon
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/037348
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
伸行 相馬
中野　浩之
Original Assignee
デジタルファクトリー株式会社
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by デジタルファクトリー株式会社 filed Critical デジタルファクトリー株式会社
Priority to JP2021552306A priority Critical patent/JP7401931B2/en
Priority to CN202090000894.3U priority patent/CN218830680U/en
Publication of WO2021075269A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021075269A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/10—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice by application of heat for melting snow or ice, whether cleared or not, combined or not with clearing or removing mud or water, e.g. burners for melting in situ, heated clearing instruments; Cleaning snow by blowing or suction only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
    • F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heater, and more particularly to a portable planar heater using a carbon sheet or the like as a heating element.
  • a planar heater equipped with a carbon sheet having a high heat generation effect is known.
  • the carbon sheet has high radiant performance and easily generates heat uniformly throughout the sheet, so it can be used for snow melting and floor heating.
  • the composition of the carbon sheet for example, it can be composed of a resin sheet containing activated carbon powder (see Patent Document 1), and the carbon fiber can also be formed into a sheet by a mixing technique (Patent Document 1). 2).
  • the electrical resistance value of the carbon sheet follows the aspect ratio, when it is used for floor heating of a house, snow melting on a roof or road, etc., the amount of heat required for the usage environment and the power supply prepared at the place of use, etc.
  • the sheet shape and size are determined accordingly. Therefore, even if the conventional planar heater is applied as it is in an environment where the place of use and power supply equipment are uncertain, there is a possibility that the function as a heater cannot be fully exhibited.
  • planar heater that can be used for various purposes and environments is required.
  • the heater of the present invention can be adapted to various usage environments, and is configured as a portable planar heater such as a snow melting sheet, a cushion with a heater function, and a heat mat.
  • a (set) heater in which a portable planar heater is folded and stored in a storage bag can be provided as a heater for a disaster shelter or an outdoor heater used for camping or the like.
  • the portable planar heater of the present invention includes a plurality of carbon sheets that generate heat when energized, electrodes that connect to the longitudinal ends of the plurality of heat generating sheets, and a cover sheet that covers the plurality of heat generating sheets. Then, a plurality of carbon sheets are arranged in the lateral direction of the plurality of carbon sheets, and the portable planar heater is configured to be foldable or foldable between adjacent carbon sheets.
  • the "carbon sheet” indicates a heat-generating sheet that is in the form of a thin sheet and contains carbon as a heating element, and can be formed in the form of a synthetic resin sheet, paper, or cloth.
  • the cover sheet covers a plurality of carbon sheets entirely from one side or both sides thereof.
  • the cover sheet can be made of, for example, an insulating sheet that is flexible and flexible and can be folded and folded, or an insulating film thinner than the sheet.
  • the cover sheet can be composed of a soft synthetic resin sheet or synthetic resin film that covers both sides of the plurality of heat generating sheets, and an elastic synthetic resin sheet or synthetic resin that covers one side of the plurality of heat generating sheets. It can be composed of a film.
  • One heat insulating material may be provided on one side of the entire plurality of carbon sheets, or a plurality of heat insulating materials in contact with each of the plurality of carbon sheets may be provided.
  • a plurality of heat generating sheets can be connected in series via electrodes so that current flows in order.
  • it can be configured to supply power separately, that is, to allow current to flow separately.
  • a plurality of carbon sheets can be arranged so as to be arranged at a predetermined interval from each other and electrically connected in parallel.
  • the electrical connection between the plurality of carbon sheets may be configured to be selectively set to either parallel or series.
  • the heat insulating material provided on one side of the plurality of carbon sheets faces the outside opposite to the accumulated snow. , Fold the cover sheet between adjacent carbon sheets and place it on the accumulated snow.
  • planar heater which is 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which showed the laminated structure of the planar heater. It is a figure which showed schematic the circuit structure of the planar heater. It is the figure which arranged the planar heater as a snowmelt sheet. It is a figure which showed the internal structure of the cushion provided with the planar heater in 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which showed schematic the circuit structure of the planar heater in 2nd Embodiment. It is the schematic sectional drawing of the portable planar heater which is 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which showed schematic the circuit structure of the portable planar heater in 3rd Embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a portable planar heater according to the first embodiment.
  • the portable planar heater 10 is a heater that can be freely carried and installed and removed at any place, and is configured as a snowmelt sheet here.
  • the portable planar heater 10 includes carbon sheets 20A and 20B, and the carbon sheets 20A and 20B are covered with a cover sheet 30.
  • the carbon sheets 20A and 20B are formed in a rectangular shape (for example, 800 mm ⁇ 400 mm) here, and are lined up in a row along the lateral direction.
  • the carbon sheets 20A and 20B have the same size and aspect ratio.
  • the cover sheet 30 that serves as the panel exterior has a size that covers the two carbon sheets 20A and 20B.
  • the carbon sheets 20A and 20B and the cover sheet 30 are flexible and flexible, and the portable planar heater 10 is soft and soft like a tarpaulin, and can be bent and folded.
  • three or more carbon sheets may be arranged side by side, and the cover sheet 30 may be formed in a square shape.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a laminated structure of portable planar heaters.
  • the insulating cover sheet 30 is composed of a synthetic resin film 30A covering one surface of the carbon sheets 20A and 20B and a synthetic resin film 30B covering the opposite surface, and sandwiches the entire carbon sheets 20A and 20B together. It is covered with.
  • the synthetic resin films 30A and 30B are made of a soft synthetic resin such as vinyl chloride, and are laminated by a coating process or the like.
  • a sheet-like and flexible heat insulating material 40 is provided between the carbon sheets 20A and 20B and the synthetic resin film 30B.
  • the surface provided on the heat insulating material 40 side of the portable planar heater 10 will be the lower surface 10D, and the opposite surface and the upper surface 10U.
  • the carbon sheets 20A and 20B are flexible and flexible sheets that can be folded and folded, and are made of carbon Japanese paper sheet (CJP) here.
  • the carbon Japanese paper sheet is made by using the Japanese paper mixing technology to uniformly disperse carbon chopped fibers, that is, finely divided carbon fibers, in the Japanese paper with their eyes aligned in the longitudinal direction. It has high conductivity (low resistance) performance that can adjust the resistance per unit area) within a predetermined range. For example, there can be a difference in area resistance between the case where the electrodes are arranged at the sheet ends along one direction in two directions perpendicular to each other and the case where the electrodes are arranged at the sheet ends along the other direction.
  • Carbon Japanese paper sheet has very high far-infrared efficiency, that is, conversion efficiency to radiant heat, and heat transfer efficiency is high even for objects separated by space, so it can exert a heat effect in a short time. it can.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the circuit configuration of the portable planar heater.
  • the portable planar heater 10 is powered by a power source 60 (for example, AC100V). Electrodes 50A, 50B and 50C are connected to the ends of the carbon sheets 20A and 20B along the longitudinal direction, and the electrodes 50A and 50C are connected to the power supply 60 via a cable.
  • the electrodes 50A, 50B, and 50C are composed of plate-shaped or foil-shaped electrodes here. Further, the area resistances of the carbon sheets 20A and 20B in the longitudinal direction are equal to each other.
  • the calorific value can be, for example, 350 W.
  • the electrodes 50A and 50C are connected to one longitudinal end of the carbon sheets 20A and 20B, respectively, and the electrode 50B is connected to both of the other longitudinal ends of the carbon sheets 20A and 20B.
  • the electrodes 50A, 50B and 50C are here made of flexible plate-like electrodes.
  • the carbon sheets 20A and 20B are connected in series as an electric circuit, and a current flows along the electrode 50A, the carbon sheet 20A, the electrode 50B, the carbon sheet 20B, and the electrode 50C.
  • a thermostat 52 and a fuse 54 are provided between the electrode 50C and the power supply 60.
  • FIG. 4 is a view in which the portable planar heater 10 is arranged on the snow as a snow melting sheet. Here, it is used to melt a lump of snow collected by snow removal work or the like.
  • the user can fold the portable planar heater 10 along the line B (see FIG. 1) between the carbon sheets 20A and 20B so that the lower surface 10D of the portable planar heater 10 faces outward (upward), and collects the portable planar heater 10 by snow removal work or the like. Place it on a lump of snow. However, since the portable planar heater 10 is soft and flexible, it actually bends somewhat along the shape of the snow mass.
  • the snow melting sheet When the portable planar heater 10 is used as a snow melting sheet, the snow melting sheet may be spread on the ground first and the snow may be placed on it, or the snow melting sheet may be placed on the bottom surface, side surface, etc. of the snow melting BOX to form the BOX. You may try to throw snow inside. Furthermore, it can be placed on the roof or window of a car with snow, or on the front door of a house. Power may be supplied from a charging facility installed in a car battery or a front door.
  • the portable planar heater 10 includes carbon sheets 20A and 20B made of carbon Japanese paper sheet (CJP) and electrodes 50, and the carbon sheets 20A and 20B are covered with the soft cover sheet 30. ..
  • the carbon sheets 20A and 20B are arranged along the lateral direction, and the portable planar heater 10 can be bent and folded between the carbon sheet 20A and the carbon sheet 20B.
  • the calorific value of the carbon sheet can be adjusted by changing the aspect ratio of the carbon sheet.
  • the amount of heat generated also changes depending on the number of carbon sheets arranged. Therefore, a portable planar heater is provided in which the shape (aspect ratio) and the number of carbon sheets are determined in consideration of the amount of heat required for snow melting and the power source to be used, and these are collectively covered with one cover sheet 30. can do. Further, by creating the carbon sheets 20A and 20B by changing the area resistance in the longitudinal direction, it is possible to set the amount of heat more finely.
  • the electrodes 50 can be provided at the longitudinal end of the carbon sheet so that the current flows through the carbon sheets in order, the carbon sheets do not need to be arranged two-dimensionally and are arranged in one direction.
  • a simple portable planar heater 10 can be configured. Then, since it is bent at the portion of the electrode 50, that is, the gap portion between the carbon sheet 20A and the carbon sheet 20B, the carbon sheets 20A and 20B can effectively generate heat while remaining in a planar shape. Further, since the carbon sheets 20A and 20B are arranged in the lateral direction, it is possible to add a new carbon sheet to the carbon sheets 20A and 20B and connect them in series to adjust the calorific value.
  • the cover sheet 30 is made of a soft synthetic resin film, the portable planar heater 10 can be freely bent and folded like a tarpaulin, and the collected snow mass is not flat and uneven. Even so, the snow can be melted effectively.
  • the cover sheet 30 may be made of a soft synthetic resin sheet thicker than the film.
  • a portable planar heater is provided in the cushion.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the cushion.
  • the cushion 150 houses the portable planar heater 100 in a material 110 such as feathers, polyurethane, and a surface.
  • the portable planar heater 100 can be freely taken in and out of the cushion 150.
  • the size of the portable planar heater 100 is determined in consideration of the amount of heat required to heat the buttocks, and the shape can be square (for example, 300 mm ⁇ 300 mm).
  • the portable planar heater 100 includes carbon sheets 120A and 120B made of carbon Japanese paper sheets, the upper surface of which is covered with an elastic cover sheet 130 containing polyurethane or the like, and a plate-shaped heat insulating material 140 on the lower surface side on the opposite side. Is provided.
  • the heat insulating material 140 for example, a honeycomb structure can be adopted.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the circuit configuration of the portable planar heater according to the second embodiment.
  • a mobile battery 200 used for charging a terminal or the like As a power source, a mobile battery 200 used for charging a terminal or the like is used.
  • the mobile battery 200 has two power output outputs 210A and 210B (for example, 5V), and cables C1 and C2 such as a USB cable can be connected to electrodes 150A and 150B connecting the longitudinal ends of the carbon sheets 120A and 120B. is there.
  • Electrodes 150A and 150B are not electrically connected to each other.
  • the carbon sheets 120A and 120B are not connected in series and are supplied with power separately.
  • the other longitudinal end of the carbon sheets 120A, 120B is installed on the ground side, and a current flows through the carbon sheets 120A, 120B separately.
  • a mobile battery having a plurality of power output outputs is used to separately pass a current through the carbon sheets 120A and 120B.
  • heat generation can be effectively performed. Simply place the cushion 150 on a chair and connect the USB cables C1 and C2 to the portable planar heater 100, and the heat is rapidly generated. Can be warmed.
  • the configuration in which the current is separately passed through the plurality of carbon sheets shown in the second embodiment can also be applied to the first embodiment.
  • the series connection of the carbon sheets shown in the first embodiment may be applied to the second embodiment.
  • the portable planar heater of the second embodiment can be used as a snowmelt sheet, and the portable planar heater of the first embodiment may be installed on the floor of an office or the like.
  • a portable planar heater is used as a heating device used in a natural disaster. It is also possible to use the disaster heating appliance according to the third embodiment outdoors such as camping.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the portable planar heater according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing the circuit configuration of the portable planar heater according to the third embodiment.
  • the portable planar heater 100' includes three carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C having the same aspect ratio here.
  • the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C are arranged in the lateral direction along the longitudinal direction of the cover sheet 130', and are separated from each other by a predetermined interval.
  • the cover sheet 130' accommodates the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C in a state where the two sheets are stacked along the entire edge.
  • a hook-and-loop fastener 135' is provided on the longitudinal edge of the cover sheet 130'.
  • the cover sheet 130' can be opened and closed so that the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C can be taken in and out.
  • the cover sheet 130' has a size capable of covering the entire carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B and 120'C, and covers both sides of the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B and 120'C.
  • Hard heat insulating materials 140'A, 140'B and 140'C are attached to one side of the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B and 120'C by adhesion or the like in order to improve thermal efficiency. ..
  • strip-shaped double-sided tape (not shown) is attached to the heat insulating materials 140'A, 140'B, 140'C at intervals.
  • an adhesive may be used instead of the tape.
  • the heat insulating materials 140'A, 140'B, 140'C have substantially the same length in the lateral direction as the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, 120'C, but have a larger overall size, and also have a larger overall size. It is thicker than the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B and 120'C.
  • the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C are supplied with power from the power supply device 200', which has one power output, via the power supply lines C1'and C2'. ..
  • the power supply device 200' is configured as a battery or a DC power adapter, and the power lines C1'and C2' are configured as DC power lines.
  • the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C are electrically connected in parallel.
  • the electrodes 150'A and 150'E of the carbon sheet 120'A are connected to the electrodes 150'B and 150'F facing each other of the carbon sheet 120'B via flexible conductors 142 and 143, respectively, and the carbon sheet 120'B is connected.
  • the electrodes 150'B and 150'F of B are connected to the electrodes 150'C and 150'G facing each other of the carbon sheet 120'C via flexible conductors 144 and 145, respectively.
  • the electrodes 150'A to 150'G are composed of foil electrodes here.
  • the portable planar heater 100' can be folded at the bendable portions 142, 143 and 144, 145 toward the opposite side of the heat insulating materials 140'A, 140'B, 140'C. Yes (see arrow in Figure 7).
  • the portable planar heater 100' is stored in the storage bag 400 in a state of being folded so as to be a lump. Therefore, a large number of portable planar heaters 100'can be stored in a limited storage space.
  • the portable planar heater 100'stored in the storage bag 400 can store the portable planar heater 100'stored in the storage bag 400 as a heating device for disaster prevention.
  • a natural disaster such as a typhoon, earthquake, or heavy rain occurs, it can be supplied as a mat heater to people who have evacuated to evacuation centers.
  • the evacuee can warm the body by taking out the portable planar heater 100'from the storage bag 400, spreading it, and lying directly or indirectly on the portable planar heater 100'.
  • the portable planar heater 100' is not directly supplied with power from a commercial power source, but is supplied with power from a battery 200'. Therefore, it is possible to supply power to the portable planar heater 100'using a USB cable or the like owned by the evacuees.
  • the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C exert a heating effect in a short time, many evacuees can use heating appliances by sequentially supplying power to a plurality of portable planar heaters 100'. You can get warm with.
  • cover sheet 130' with a hook-and-loop fastener 135' that serves as an opening / closing portion, it becomes easy to replace all or a part of the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C. Further, by adjusting the size of the cover sheet 130', the number of carbon sheets can be added or decreased. It is not necessary to limit the opening / closing portion of the cover sheet 130'to only one side. For example, it may be openable and closable along the entire edge of the cover sheet.
  • the power lines 142, 143, 144, 145 may be detachably replaced with the power supply line C1'and the mobile battery 200' as in the first embodiment.
  • the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C can be connected in series as in the first embodiment.
  • the electrical connection method can be configured to be selectively set to either series connection or parallel connection.
  • thermoelectric sheet In addition to the carbon Japanese paper sheet, it is also possible to use a heat-generating sheet with similar heat-generating characteristics and flexibility, and it may be composed of a cloth coated with carbon nanotubes or a resin sheet containing finely divided carbon powder. It is possible.
  • Electrodes 100, 100'Portable planar heater 20A, 20B Carbon sheet (heat generating sheet) 30 Cover sheet 40 Insulation material 50 Electrodes

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  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

A portable planar heater 100' comprises three carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, 120'C. The carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, 120'C are arranged so that the short sides are in the longitudinal direction of a coversheet 130', and are covered by the cover sheet 130'. The portable planar heater 100' can be folded at the spaces between adjacent carbon sheets.

Description

ポータブル型面状ヒータ、暖房器具および融雪シートの設置方法How to install a portable planar heater, heater and snowmelt sheet
　本発明は、ヒータに関し、特に、カーボンシートなどを発熱体とするポータブル型面状ヒータに関する。 The present invention relates to a heater, and more particularly to a portable planar heater using a carbon sheet or the like as a heating element.
　従来、発熱効果の高いカーボンシートを備えた面状ヒータが知られている。カーボンシートは、輻射性能が高く、シート全体を均一に発熱しやすいため、融雪や床暖房などに使用できる。カーボンシートの構成としては、例えば、活性炭粉末を含有させた樹脂シートで構成することが可能であり（特許文献１参照）、また、カーボンファイバを混紗技術によってシート化することもできる（特許文献２参照）。 Conventionally, a planar heater equipped with a carbon sheet having a high heat generation effect is known. The carbon sheet has high radiant performance and easily generates heat uniformly throughout the sheet, so it can be used for snow melting and floor heating. As the composition of the carbon sheet, for example, it can be composed of a resin sheet containing activated carbon powder (see Patent Document 1), and the carbon fiber can also be formed into a sheet by a mixing technique (Patent Document 1). 2).
特開２００８－３４２８５号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-34285 特開２０１０－１８２６５０号公報JP-A-2010-182650
　カーボンシートの電気抵抗値は縦横比に従うため、家屋の床暖房、屋根や道路での融雪などで使用する場合、その使用環境に要求される発熱量や、使用場所で用意されている電源などに応じて、シート形状、サイズが定められている。そのため、使用場所や電源設備などが定かでない環境下で従来の面状ヒータをそのまま適用しても、ヒータとしての機能を十分に発揮できない恐れがある。 Since the electrical resistance value of the carbon sheet follows the aspect ratio, when it is used for floor heating of a house, snow melting on a roof or road, etc., the amount of heat required for the usage environment and the power supply prepared at the place of use, etc. The sheet shape and size are determined accordingly. Therefore, even if the conventional planar heater is applied as it is in an environment where the place of use and power supply equipment are uncertain, there is a possibility that the function as a heater cannot be fully exhibited.
　したがって、様々な使用目的、使用環境に対応できる面状ヒータが求められる。 Therefore, a planar heater that can be used for various purposes and environments is required.
　本発明のヒータは、様々な使用環境に適合可能であり、例えば、融雪シート、ヒータ機能付きクッション、ヒートマットなど、持ち運び可能な面状ヒータとして構成される。また、ポータブル面状ヒータを折り畳んだ状態で収納袋に収納した（一式の）暖房器具を、災害避難所用の暖房器具、あるいはキャンプなどに使用する野外用暖房器具として提供することができる。 The heater of the present invention can be adapted to various usage environments, and is configured as a portable planar heater such as a snow melting sheet, a cushion with a heater function, and a heat mat. In addition, a (set) heater in which a portable planar heater is folded and stored in a storage bag can be provided as a heater for a disaster shelter or an outdoor heater used for camping or the like.
　本発明のポータブル面状ヒータは、それぞれ通電により発熱する複数のカーボンシートと、複数の発熱シートの長手方向端部と接続する電極と、複数の発熱シートを覆うカバーシートとを備える。そして、複数のカーボンシートが、複数のカーボンシートの短手方向に並び、ポータブル面状ヒータは、隣り合うカーボンシートの間で折り曲げ、あるいは折り畳み可能に構成される。ここで、「カーボンシート」は、厚みの薄いシート状でカーボンを発熱体として含む発熱シートを示し、合成樹脂シート、紙、布状に形成することができる。カバーシートは、複数のカーボンシートを、その片面あるいは両面から全体的に覆う。 The portable planar heater of the present invention includes a plurality of carbon sheets that generate heat when energized, electrodes that connect to the longitudinal ends of the plurality of heat generating sheets, and a cover sheet that covers the plurality of heat generating sheets. Then, a plurality of carbon sheets are arranged in the lateral direction of the plurality of carbon sheets, and the portable planar heater is configured to be foldable or foldable between adjacent carbon sheets. Here, the "carbon sheet" indicates a heat-generating sheet that is in the form of a thin sheet and contains carbon as a heating element, and can be formed in the form of a synthetic resin sheet, paper, or cloth. The cover sheet covers a plurality of carbon sheets entirely from one side or both sides thereof.
　カバーシートは、例えば柔軟性、可撓性があって、折り曲げ、折り畳み可能な絶縁性シート、あるいはシートよりも薄い絶縁性フィルムなどによって構成することができる。例えば、カバーシートは、複数の発熱シートの両面を覆う軟質の合成樹脂シートまたは合成樹脂フィルムで構成することが可能であり、また、複数の発熱シートの片面を覆う弾性の合成樹脂シートまたは合成樹脂フィルムで構成することが可能である。複数のカーボンシート全体に対して１つの断熱材を片面に設けてもよく、あるいは、複数のカーボンシートそれぞれに接する複数の断熱材を設けてもよい。 The cover sheet can be made of, for example, an insulating sheet that is flexible and flexible and can be folded and folded, or an insulating film thinner than the sheet. For example, the cover sheet can be composed of a soft synthetic resin sheet or synthetic resin film that covers both sides of the plurality of heat generating sheets, and an elastic synthetic resin sheet or synthetic resin that covers one side of the plurality of heat generating sheets. It can be composed of a film. One heat insulating material may be provided on one side of the entire plurality of carbon sheets, or a plurality of heat insulating materials in contact with each of the plurality of carbon sheets may be provided.
　複数の発熱シートは、電極を介して直列接続させ、順に電流が流れるように構成することが可能である。あるいは、別々に電源供給する、すなわち別々に電流が流れるように構成することも可能である。使用する電源の構成によって、電気的な接続、電源供給の仕方を適宜採用することが可能である。例えば、複数のカーボンシートが、互いに所定間隔空けて並び、並列的に電気接続するように構成することができる。例えば、複数のカーボンシート各々が、長手方向両端部で板状または箔状電極と接続し、隣り合うカーボンシートの間で向かい合う板状電極が、フレキシブルな導線を介して接続するように構成すればよい。あるいは、複数のカーボンシート間の電気接続を、並列および直列いずれかに選択的に設定可能なように構成してもよい。 It is possible to connect a plurality of heat generating sheets in series via electrodes so that current flows in order. Alternatively, it can be configured to supply power separately, that is, to allow current to flow separately. Depending on the configuration of the power supply used, it is possible to appropriately adopt the method of electrical connection and power supply. For example, a plurality of carbon sheets can be arranged so as to be arranged at a predetermined interval from each other and electrically connected in parallel. For example, if each of the plurality of carbon sheets is connected to the plate-shaped or foil-shaped electrodes at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and the plate-shaped electrodes facing each other between the adjacent carbon sheets are connected via a flexible lead wire. Good. Alternatively, the electrical connection between the plurality of carbon sheets may be configured to be selectively set to either parallel or series.
　本発明の一態様である、上記ポータブル面状ヒータを融雪シートとして設置する方法は、複数のカーボンシートの片面側に設けられた断熱材が、集積された雪とは反対の外側を向くように、カバーシートを隣り合うカーボンシートの間で折り曲げ、集積された雪の上に置く。 In the method of installing the portable planar heater as a snowmelt sheet, which is one aspect of the present invention, the heat insulating material provided on one side of the plurality of carbon sheets faces the outside opposite to the accumulated snow. , Fold the cover sheet between adjacent carbon sheets and place it on the accumulated snow.
　本発明によれば、使用目的、使用環境に適応したポータブル面状ヒータを提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a portable planar heater suitable for the purpose of use and the environment of use.
第１の実施形態である面状ヒータの概略的平面図である。It is the schematic plan view of the planar heater which is 1st Embodiment. 面状ヒータの積層構造を示した図である。It is a figure which showed the laminated structure of the planar heater. 面状ヒータの回路構成を概略的に示した図である。It is a figure which showed schematic the circuit structure of the planar heater. 面状ヒータを融雪シートとして配置した図である。It is the figure which arranged the planar heater as a snowmelt sheet. 第２の実施形態における面状ヒータを備えたクッションの内部構成を示した図である。It is a figure which showed the internal structure of the cushion provided with the planar heater in 2nd Embodiment. 第２の実施形態における面状ヒータの回路構成を概略的に示した図である。It is a figure which showed schematic the circuit structure of the planar heater in 2nd Embodiment. 第３の実施形態であるポータブル面状ヒータの概略的断面図である。It is the schematic sectional drawing of the portable planar heater which is 3rd Embodiment. 第３の実施形態におけるポータブル面状ヒータの回路構成を概略的に示した図である。It is a figure which showed schematic the circuit structure of the portable planar heater in 3rd Embodiment.
　以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態について説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
　図１は、第１の実施形態であるポータブル面状ヒータの概略的平面図である。 FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a portable planar heater according to the first embodiment.
　ポータブル面状ヒータ１０は、持ち運び自由で任意の場所に設置および取り外し可能なヒータであって、ここでは融雪シートとして構成されている。ポータブル面状ヒータ１０は、カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂを備え、カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂは、カバーシート３０によって被覆されている。 The portable planar heater 10 is a heater that can be freely carried and installed and removed at any place, and is configured as a snowmelt sheet here. The portable planar heater 10 includes carbon sheets 20A and 20B, and the carbon sheets 20A and 20B are covered with a cover sheet 30.
　カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂは、ここでは矩形状（例えば８００ｍｍ×４００ｍｍ）に構成され、短手方向に沿って一列に並んでいる。カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂのサイズ、縦横比は同じである。パネル外装となるカバーシート３０は、２枚のカーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂを覆うサイズを有する。カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂおよびカバーシート３０は、可撓性、柔軟性があり、ポータブル面状ヒータ１０は、ターポリンのように軟質で柔らかく、折り曲げ、折り畳むことが可能である。なお、カーボンシートを３枚以上並べてもよく、また、カバーシート３０を正方形状に構成することも可能である。 The carbon sheets 20A and 20B are formed in a rectangular shape (for example, 800 mm × 400 mm) here, and are lined up in a row along the lateral direction. The carbon sheets 20A and 20B have the same size and aspect ratio. The cover sheet 30 that serves as the panel exterior has a size that covers the two carbon sheets 20A and 20B. The carbon sheets 20A and 20B and the cover sheet 30 are flexible and flexible, and the portable planar heater 10 is soft and soft like a tarpaulin, and can be bent and folded. In addition, three or more carbon sheets may be arranged side by side, and the cover sheet 30 may be formed in a square shape.
　図２は、ポータブル面状ヒータの積層構造を示した図である。 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a laminated structure of portable planar heaters.
　絶縁性であるカバーシート３０は、カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂの一方の面を覆う合成樹脂フィルム３０Ａと、反対側の面を覆う合成樹脂フィルム３０Ｂによって構成され、カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂ全体をまとめて挟み込んで覆っている。 The insulating cover sheet 30 is composed of a synthetic resin film 30A covering one surface of the carbon sheets 20A and 20B and a synthetic resin film 30B covering the opposite surface, and sandwiches the entire carbon sheets 20A and 20B together. It is covered with.
　合成樹脂フィルム３０Ａ、３０Ｂは、例えば塩化ビニールなどの軟質の合成樹脂から成り、コーティング加工などで積層されている。カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂと合成樹脂フィルム３０Ｂとの間には、シート状で可撓性のある断熱材４０が設けられている。以下では、ポータブル面状ヒータ１０の断熱材４０側の設けられた面を下面１０Ｄ、反対側の面と上面１０Ｕとする。 The synthetic resin films 30A and 30B are made of a soft synthetic resin such as vinyl chloride, and are laminated by a coating process or the like. A sheet-like and flexible heat insulating material 40 is provided between the carbon sheets 20A and 20B and the synthetic resin film 30B. In the following, the surface provided on the heat insulating material 40 side of the portable planar heater 10 will be the lower surface 10D, and the opposite surface and the upper surface 10U.
　カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂは、折り曲げ、折り畳み可能な可撓性、柔軟性のあるシートであり、ここではカーボン和紙シート（ＣＪＰ）によって構成されている。カーボン和紙シートは、和紙の混紗技術を用いて、和紙の中にカーボンチョップドファイバ、すなわちカーボンファイバを細かく分断したものを長手方向に目をそろえて均質に分散させたものであり、面積抵抗（単位面積当たりの抵抗）を所定の範囲で調整可能な高電導性（低抵抗）の性能をもつ。例えば、互いに垂直な２方向の一方向に沿ったシート端部に電極配置した場合と、他方向に沿ったシート端部に電極配置した場合に、面積抵抗の違いを持たせることができる。 The carbon sheets 20A and 20B are flexible and flexible sheets that can be folded and folded, and are made of carbon Japanese paper sheet (CJP) here. The carbon Japanese paper sheet is made by using the Japanese paper mixing technology to uniformly disperse carbon chopped fibers, that is, finely divided carbon fibers, in the Japanese paper with their eyes aligned in the longitudinal direction. It has high conductivity (low resistance) performance that can adjust the resistance per unit area) within a predetermined range. For example, there can be a difference in area resistance between the case where the electrodes are arranged at the sheet ends along one direction in two directions perpendicular to each other and the case where the electrodes are arranged at the sheet ends along the other direction.
　カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂに電流が流れるとジュール熱が発生し、カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂの温度が上昇する。そして、温度上昇に合わせて輻射熱（遠赤外線）が発生する。カーボン和紙シート（ＣＪＰ）は遠赤外線効率、すなわち輻射熱への変換効率が非常に高く、空間を隔てた対象物に対しても、熱伝達効率が高いため、短時間で熱効果を発揮することができる。 When an electric current flows through the carbon sheets 20A and 20B, Joule heat is generated and the temperature of the carbon sheets 20A and 20B rises. Then, radiant heat (far infrared rays) is generated as the temperature rises. Carbon Japanese paper sheet (CJP) has very high far-infrared efficiency, that is, conversion efficiency to radiant heat, and heat transfer efficiency is high even for objects separated by space, so it can exert a heat effect in a short time. it can.
　図３は、ポータブル面状ヒータの回路構成を概略的に示した図である。 FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the circuit configuration of the portable planar heater.
　ポータブル面状ヒータ１０は、電源６０（例えばＡＣ１００Ｖ）によって電源供給される。カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂの長手方向に沿った端部には、電極５０Ａ、５０Ｂ、５０Ｃが接続され、電極５０Ａ、５０Ｃはケーブルを介して電源６０と接続される。電極５０Ａ、５０Ｂ、５０Ｃは、ここでは板状あるいは箔状の電極によって構成されている。また、カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂの長手方向の面積抵抗は、互いに等しい。発熱量は、例えば３５０Ｗとすることができる。 The portable planar heater 10 is powered by a power source 60 (for example, AC100V). Electrodes 50A, 50B and 50C are connected to the ends of the carbon sheets 20A and 20B along the longitudinal direction, and the electrodes 50A and 50C are connected to the power supply 60 via a cable. The electrodes 50A, 50B, and 50C are composed of plate-shaped or foil-shaped electrodes here. Further, the area resistances of the carbon sheets 20A and 20B in the longitudinal direction are equal to each other. The calorific value can be, for example, 350 W.
　電極５０Ａ、５０Ｃは、カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂの一方の長手方向端部にそれぞれ接続し、電極５０Ｂは、カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂの他方の長手方向端部の両方と接続している。電極５０Ａ、５０Ｂ、５０Ｃは、ここでは柔軟性のある板状電極で構成されている。カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂは、電気回路として直列接続であり、電極５０Ａ、カーボンシート２０Ａ、電極５０Ｂ、カーボンシート２０Ｂ、そして電極５０Ｃに沿って電流が流れていく。電極５０Ｃと電源６０との間には、サーモスタット５２、ヒューズ５４が設けられている。 The electrodes 50A and 50C are connected to one longitudinal end of the carbon sheets 20A and 20B, respectively, and the electrode 50B is connected to both of the other longitudinal ends of the carbon sheets 20A and 20B. The electrodes 50A, 50B and 50C are here made of flexible plate-like electrodes. The carbon sheets 20A and 20B are connected in series as an electric circuit, and a current flows along the electrode 50A, the carbon sheet 20A, the electrode 50B, the carbon sheet 20B, and the electrode 50C. A thermostat 52 and a fuse 54 are provided between the electrode 50C and the power supply 60.
　図４は、ポータブル面状ヒータ１０を融雪シートとして雪の上に配置した図である。ここでは、除雪作業などによって集められた雪の塊を融雪するために使用される。 FIG. 4 is a view in which the portable planar heater 10 is arranged on the snow as a snow melting sheet. Here, it is used to melt a lump of snow collected by snow removal work or the like.
　ユーザは、ポータブル面状ヒータ１０を、その下面１０Ｄが外側（上方）を向くようにして、カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂの間のラインＢ（図１参照）に沿って折り曲げ、除雪作業などで集められた雪の塊の上に配置する。ただし、ポータブル面状ヒータ１０は、柔らかく柔軟性があるため、実際には雪の塊の形状に沿って幾分撓む。 The user can fold the portable planar heater 10 along the line B (see FIG. 1) between the carbon sheets 20A and 20B so that the lower surface 10D of the portable planar heater 10 faces outward (upward), and collects the portable planar heater 10 by snow removal work or the like. Place it on a lump of snow. However, since the portable planar heater 10 is soft and flexible, it actually bends somewhat along the shape of the snow mass.
　断熱材４０を上側にし、ポータブル面状ヒータ１０のカーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂ両方を雪の塊の表面に沿って覆いかぶせるように配置することによって、輻射熱が効果的に雪に伝達し、効率よく雪解けする。 By arranging the heat insulating material 40 on the upper side and both the carbon sheets 20A and 20B of the portable planar heater 10 so as to cover the surface of the snow mass, radiant heat is effectively transferred to the snow and the snow melts efficiently. To do.
　ポータブル面状ヒータ１０を融雪シートとして使用する場合、先に地面の上に広げて雪をその上に載せてもよく、また、融雪用のＢＯＸの底面、側面などに融雪シートを配置し、ＢＯＸ内に雪を投入するようにしてもよい。さらに、雪の積もった車の屋根や窓、家の玄関先などに配置することも可能である。電源を車のバッテリや玄関などに備えられた充電設備から電源供給すればよい。 When the portable planar heater 10 is used as a snow melting sheet, the snow melting sheet may be spread on the ground first and the snow may be placed on it, or the snow melting sheet may be placed on the bottom surface, side surface, etc. of the snow melting BOX to form the BOX. You may try to throw snow inside. Furthermore, it can be placed on the roof or window of a car with snow, or on the front door of a house. Power may be supplied from a charging facility installed in a car battery or a front door.
　このように本実施形態では、ポータブル面状ヒータ１０が、カーボン和紙シート（ＣＪＰ）から成るカーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂ、電極５０を備え、カーボンシート２０Ａ，２０Ｂが、軟質のカバーシート３０で被覆される。そして、カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂは、短手方向に沿って並び、ポータブル面状ヒータ１０は、カーボンシート２０Ａとカーボンシート２０Ｂとの間で折り曲げ、折り畳み可能である。 As described above, in the present embodiment, the portable planar heater 10 includes carbon sheets 20A and 20B made of carbon Japanese paper sheet (CJP) and electrodes 50, and the carbon sheets 20A and 20B are covered with the soft cover sheet 30. .. The carbon sheets 20A and 20B are arranged along the lateral direction, and the portable planar heater 10 can be bent and folded between the carbon sheet 20A and the carbon sheet 20B.
　カーボンシートは、抵抗値がその縦横比に従うため、カーボンシートの縦横比を変えることで発熱量を調整することができる。また、カーボンシートの並べる枚数によっても発熱量が変わる。したがって、融雪などに必要な発熱量、および使用する電源などを考慮してカーボンシートの形状（縦横比）、枚数を定め、これらをまとめて１つのカバーシート３０で覆ったポータブル面状ヒータを提供することができる。さらに、長手方向の面積抵抗を変えてカーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂを作成することで、より細かく熱量を設定することも可能である。 Since the resistance value of the carbon sheet follows its aspect ratio, the calorific value can be adjusted by changing the aspect ratio of the carbon sheet. The amount of heat generated also changes depending on the number of carbon sheets arranged. Therefore, a portable planar heater is provided in which the shape (aspect ratio) and the number of carbon sheets are determined in consideration of the amount of heat required for snow melting and the power source to be used, and these are collectively covered with one cover sheet 30. can do. Further, by creating the carbon sheets 20A and 20B by changing the area resistance in the longitudinal direction, it is possible to set the amount of heat more finely.
　その一方で、カーボンシートを電流が順に流れていくように、電極５０をカーボンシートの長手方向端部に設けることができるため、カーボンシートを２次元的な配置にする必要なく、一方向に並べた簡易なポータブル面状ヒータ１０を構成することができる。そして、電極５０の部分、すなわちカーボンシート２０Ａとカーボンシート２０Ｂの隙間部分で折り曲げるため、カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂは面状のまま効果的に発熱することができる。また、カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂが短手方向に並ぶため、カーボンシート２０Ａ、２０Ｂに対して新たなカーボンシートを追加して直列接続し、発熱量を調整することも可能となる。 On the other hand, since the electrodes 50 can be provided at the longitudinal end of the carbon sheet so that the current flows through the carbon sheets in order, the carbon sheets do not need to be arranged two-dimensionally and are arranged in one direction. A simple portable planar heater 10 can be configured. Then, since it is bent at the portion of the electrode 50, that is, the gap portion between the carbon sheet 20A and the carbon sheet 20B, the carbon sheets 20A and 20B can effectively generate heat while remaining in a planar shape. Further, since the carbon sheets 20A and 20B are arranged in the lateral direction, it is possible to add a new carbon sheet to the carbon sheets 20A and 20B and connect them in series to adjust the calorific value.
　カバーシート３０が軟質の合成樹脂フィルムで構成されているため、ターポリンのようにポータブル面状ヒータ１０を自由に折り曲げ、折り畳むことが可能であり、集められた雪の塊が平坦でなく凸凹していても、雪を効果的に溶かすことができる。なお、カバーシート３０については、フィルムより厚みのある軟質の合成樹脂シートで構成してもよい。 Since the cover sheet 30 is made of a soft synthetic resin film, the portable planar heater 10 can be freely bent and folded like a tarpaulin, and the collected snow mass is not flat and uneven. Even so, the snow can be melted effectively. The cover sheet 30 may be made of a soft synthetic resin sheet thicker than the film.
　次に、図５、６を用いて第２の実施形態であるポータブル面状ヒータについて説明する。第２の実施形態では、ポータブル面状ヒータがクッション内に設けられている。 Next, the portable planar heater according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. In the second embodiment, a portable planar heater is provided in the cushion.
　図５は、クッションの内部構成を示した図である。クッション１５０は、羽毛、ポリウレタン、面などの素材１１０の中に、ポータブル面状ヒータ１００を収容している。ポータブル面状ヒータ１００はクッション１５０から出し入れ自由である。ポータブル面状ヒータ１００のサイズは、臀部を温めるのに必要な熱量などを考慮して定められ、形状としては正方形状（例えば３００ｍｍ×３００ｍｍ）にすることができる。 FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the cushion. The cushion 150 houses the portable planar heater 100 in a material 110 such as feathers, polyurethane, and a surface. The portable planar heater 100 can be freely taken in and out of the cushion 150. The size of the portable planar heater 100 is determined in consideration of the amount of heat required to heat the buttocks, and the shape can be square (for example, 300 mm × 300 mm).
　ポータブル面状ヒータ１００は、カーボン和紙シートで構成されるカーボンシート１２０Ａ、１２０Ｂを備え、その上面をポリウレタンなどの含まれる弾性のカバーシート１３０で覆い、反対側の下面側に板状の断熱材１４０を設けている。断熱材１４０は、例えばハニカム構造を採用することができる。 The portable planar heater 100 includes carbon sheets 120A and 120B made of carbon Japanese paper sheets, the upper surface of which is covered with an elastic cover sheet 130 containing polyurethane or the like, and a plate-shaped heat insulating material 140 on the lower surface side on the opposite side. Is provided. For the heat insulating material 140, for example, a honeycomb structure can be adopted.
　図６は、第２の実施形態におけるポータブル面状ヒータの回路構成を概略的に示した図である。 FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the circuit configuration of the portable planar heater according to the second embodiment.
　電源としては、端末充電などに使用されるモバイルバッテリ２００が用いられる。モバイルバッテリ２００は、２つの電源出力２１０Ａ、２１０Ｂ（例えば５Ｖ）を備え、ＵＳＢケーブルなどのケーブルＣ１、Ｃ２を、カーボンシート１２０Ａ、１２０Ｂの長手方向端部と接続する電極１５０Ａ、１５０Ｂに接続可能である。 As a power source, a mobile battery 200 used for charging a terminal or the like is used. The mobile battery 200 has two power output outputs 210A and 210B (for example, 5V), and cables C1 and C2 such as a USB cable can be connected to electrodes 150A and 150B connecting the longitudinal ends of the carbon sheets 120A and 120B. is there.
　電極１５０Ａ、１５０Ｂは互に電気的に接続されていない。カーボンシート１２０Ａ、１２０Ｂは直列的に接続されておらず、別々に電源供給される。カーボンシート１２０Ａ、１２０Ｂの他方の長手方向端部はアース側に設置され、電流がカーボンシート１２０Ａ、１２０Ｂを別々に流れる。 Electrodes 150A and 150B are not electrically connected to each other. The carbon sheets 120A and 120B are not connected in series and are supplied with power separately. The other longitudinal end of the carbon sheets 120A, 120B is installed on the ground side, and a current flows through the carbon sheets 120A, 120B separately.
　第２の実施形態では、複数の電源出力をもつモバイルバッテリを利用して、カーボンシート１２０Ａ、１２０Ｂへ別々に電流を流す。これにより、電源電圧の小さいモバイルバッテリを使用しても、発熱を効果的に行うことができ、クッション１５０を椅子に置き、ＵＳＢケーブルＣ１、Ｃ２をポータブル面状ヒータ１００に接続させるだけで急速に温めることができる。 In the second embodiment, a mobile battery having a plurality of power output outputs is used to separately pass a current through the carbon sheets 120A and 120B. As a result, even if a mobile battery with a small power supply voltage is used, heat generation can be effectively performed. Simply place the cushion 150 on a chair and connect the USB cables C1 and C2 to the portable planar heater 100, and the heat is rapidly generated. Can be warmed.
　第２の実施形態で示した複数のカーボンシートに電流を別々に流す構成については、第１の実施形態に適用することも可能である。逆に、第１の実施形態に示したカーボンシートの直列接続を第２の実施形態に適用させてもよい。第２の実施形態のポータブル面状ヒータを、融雪シートとして利用することも可能であり、第１の実施形態のポータブル面状ヒータをオフィスの床などに設置してもよい。 The configuration in which the current is separately passed through the plurality of carbon sheets shown in the second embodiment can also be applied to the first embodiment. Conversely, the series connection of the carbon sheets shown in the first embodiment may be applied to the second embodiment. The portable planar heater of the second embodiment can be used as a snowmelt sheet, and the portable planar heater of the first embodiment may be installed on the floor of an office or the like.
　次に、図７、８を用いて第３の実施形態について説明する。第３の実施形態では、自然災害において使用される暖房器具にポータブル面状ヒータが利用される。なお、第３の実施形態である災害用暖房器具を、キャンプなどの屋外で使用することも可能である。 Next, the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. In the third embodiment, a portable planar heater is used as a heating device used in a natural disaster. It is also possible to use the disaster heating appliance according to the third embodiment outdoors such as camping.
　図７は、第３の実施形態であるポータブル面状ヒータの概略的断面図である。図８は、第３の実施形態におけるポータブル面状ヒータの回路構成を概略的に示した図である。 FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the portable planar heater according to the third embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing the circuit configuration of the portable planar heater according to the third embodiment.
　ポータブル面状ヒータ１００’は、ここでは縦横比が同じ３枚のカーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃを備える。カーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃは、その短手方向をカバーシート１３０’の長手方向に沿うように並び、互いに所定間隔空けて離れている。カバーシート１３０’は、２枚のシートを縁全体に沿って重ねた状態でカーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃを内部に収容する。 The portable planar heater 100'includes three carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C having the same aspect ratio here. The carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C are arranged in the lateral direction along the longitudinal direction of the cover sheet 130', and are separated from each other by a predetermined interval. The cover sheet 130'accommodates the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C in a state where the two sheets are stacked along the entire edge.
　カバーシート１３０’の長手方向縁部には、面ファスナー１３５’が設けられている。これによって、カーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃが出し入れ可能なように、カバーシート１３０’を開閉することができる。カバーシート１３０’は、カーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃ全体を被覆できるサイズを有し、カーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃの両面を覆う。 A hook-and-loop fastener 135'is provided on the longitudinal edge of the cover sheet 130'. As a result, the cover sheet 130'can be opened and closed so that the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C can be taken in and out. The cover sheet 130'has a size capable of covering the entire carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B and 120'C, and covers both sides of the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B and 120'C.
　カーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃの片面には、ここでは硬質の断熱材１４０’Ａ、１４０’Ｂ、１４０’Ｃが、熱効率を高めるためにそれぞれ接着などによって取り付けられている。例えば、帯状両面テープ（図示せず）が、断熱材１４０’Ａ、１４０’Ｂ、１４０’Ｃに対して間隔を空けて張り付けられる。断然材１４０’Ａ、１４０’Ｂ、１４０’Ｃの片側全面に両面テープを張り付けることも可能であり、テープの代わりに接着剤を用いてもよい。断熱材１４０’Ａ、１４０’Ｂ、１４０’Ｃは、カーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃと比べて短手方向長さが略同じである一方で全体サイズが大きく、また、カーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃと比べて厚みがある。 Hard heat insulating materials 140'A, 140'B and 140'C are attached to one side of the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B and 120'C by adhesion or the like in order to improve thermal efficiency. .. For example, strip-shaped double-sided tape (not shown) is attached to the heat insulating materials 140'A, 140'B, 140'C at intervals. By far, it is possible to attach double-sided tape to the entire surface of one side of the materials 140'A, 140'B, 140'C, and an adhesive may be used instead of the tape. The heat insulating materials 140'A, 140'B, 140'C have substantially the same length in the lateral direction as the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, 120'C, but have a larger overall size, and also have a larger overall size. It is thicker than the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B and 120'C.
　図８に示すように、カーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃは、電源ラインＣ１’、Ｃ２’を介して、電源出力が１つである電源供給器２００’から電源供給される。ここでは、電源供給器２００’はバッテリやＤＣ電源アダプタとして構成され、電源ラインＣ１’、Ｃ２’は、ＤＣ電源ラインとして構成される。そして、カーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃは、電気的に並列接続している。 As shown in FIG. 8, the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C are supplied with power from the power supply device 200', which has one power output, via the power supply lines C1'and C2'. .. Here, the power supply device 200'is configured as a battery or a DC power adapter, and the power lines C1'and C2' are configured as DC power lines. The carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C are electrically connected in parallel.
　カーボンシート１２０’Ａの電極１５０’Ａ、１５０’Ｅは、フレキシブルな導線１４２、１４３を介して、カーボンシート１２０’Ｂの向かい合う電極１５０’Ｂ、１５０’Ｆとそれぞれ接続し、カーボンシート１２０’Ｂの電極１５０’Ｂ、１５０’Ｆは、フレキシブルな導線１４４、１４５を介して、カーボンシート１２０’Ｃの向かい合う電極１５０’Ｃ、１５０’Ｇとそれぞれ接続している。電極１５０’Ａ～１５０’Ｇは、ここでは箔電極で構成されている。 The electrodes 150'A and 150'E of the carbon sheet 120'A are connected to the electrodes 150'B and 150'F facing each other of the carbon sheet 120'B via flexible conductors 142 and 143, respectively, and the carbon sheet 120'B is connected. The electrodes 150'B and 150'F of B are connected to the electrodes 150'C and 150'G facing each other of the carbon sheet 120'C via flexible conductors 144 and 145, respectively. The electrodes 150'A to 150'G are composed of foil electrodes here.
　ポータブル面状ヒータ１００’は、折り曲げることが可能な導線１４２、１４３および導線１４４、１４５の部分で、断熱材１４０’Ａ、１４０’Ｂ、１４０’Ｃとは反対側に向けて、折り畳むことができる（図７の矢印参照）。ポータブル面状ヒータ１００’は、一塊となるように折り畳んだ状態で収納袋４００に収納される。そのため、数多くのポータブル面状ヒータ１００’を限られた収容スペースに備蓄することができる。 The portable planar heater 100'can be folded at the bendable portions 142, 143 and 144, 145 toward the opposite side of the heat insulating materials 140'A, 140'B, 140'C. Yes (see arrow in Figure 7). The portable planar heater 100'is stored in the storage bag 400 in a state of being folded so as to be a lump. Therefore, a large number of portable planar heaters 100'can be stored in a limited storage space.
　自治体などは、収納袋４００に収納されているポータブル面状ヒータ１００’を、防災用暖房器具として備蓄することができる。台風、地震、豪雨などの自然災害が生じると、避難所へ避難してきた人々に対し、マットヒータとして供給することができる。避難者は、ポータブル面状ヒータ１００’を収納袋４００から取り出して広げ、ポータブル面状ヒータ１００’の上で直接あるいは間接的に横になることで、体を温めることができる。 Local governments can store the portable planar heater 100'stored in the storage bag 400 as a heating device for disaster prevention. When a natural disaster such as a typhoon, earthquake, or heavy rain occurs, it can be supplied as a mat heater to people who have evacuated to evacuation centers. The evacuee can warm the body by taking out the portable planar heater 100'from the storage bag 400, spreading it, and lying directly or indirectly on the portable planar heater 100'.
　ポータブル面状ヒータ１００’は、商用電源から直接電源供給を受けるのではなく、バッテリ２００’から電源供給を受ける。そのため、避難者が所有するＵＳＢケーブルなどを使ってポータブル面状ヒータ１００’へ電源供給することが可能となる。また、カーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃは短時間で暖房効果を発揮するため、複数のポータブル面状ヒータ１００’へ順次電源供給することで、多くの避難者が暖房用器具で暖をとることができる。 The portable planar heater 100'is not directly supplied with power from a commercial power source, but is supplied with power from a battery 200'. Therefore, it is possible to supply power to the portable planar heater 100'using a USB cable or the like owned by the evacuees. In addition, since the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C exert a heating effect in a short time, many evacuees can use heating appliances by sequentially supplying power to a plurality of portable planar heaters 100'. You can get warm with.
　さらに、カバーシート１３０’に開閉部となる面ファスナー１３５’を設けることによって、カーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃのすべての交換あるいは一部交換を行うことが容易となる。また、カバーシート１３０’のサイズを調整することによって、カーボンシートの数を追加、減少させることができる。なお、カバーシート１３０’の開閉部分を一辺だけに限定しなくてもよい。例えば、カバーシートの縁全体に沿って開閉可能にしてもよい。 Further, by providing the cover sheet 130'with a hook-and-loop fastener 135' that serves as an opening / closing portion, it becomes easy to replace all or a part of the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C. Further, by adjusting the size of the cover sheet 130', the number of carbon sheets can be added or decreased. It is not necessary to limit the opening / closing portion of the cover sheet 130'to only one side. For example, it may be openable and closable along the entire edge of the cover sheet.
　導線１４２、１４３、１４４、１４５を取り外し可能に、電源ラインＣ１’およびモバイルバッテリ２００’を第１の実施形態のような電源に置換してもよい。こうすることで、カーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃを第１の実施形態のような直列接続にすることも可能である。カーボンシート１２０’Ａ、１２０’Ｂ、１２０’Ｃを短手方向に並べることで、電気的な接続の仕方を直列接続、並列接続いずれか選択的に設定するように構成することができる。 The power lines 142, 143, 144, 145 may be detachably replaced with the power supply line C1'and the mobile battery 200' as in the first embodiment. By doing so, the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C can be connected in series as in the first embodiment. By arranging the carbon sheets 120'A, 120'B, and 120'C in the lateral direction, the electrical connection method can be configured to be selectively set to either series connection or parallel connection.
　なお、カーボン和紙シート以外でも、同様の発熱特性や柔軟性のある発熱シートを使用することも可能であり、カーボンナノチューブコーティングされた布や、微細化した炭素粉末を含む樹脂シートで構成することも可能である。 In addition to the carbon Japanese paper sheet, it is also possible to use a heat-generating sheet with similar heat-generating characteristics and flexibility, and it may be composed of a cloth coated with carbon nanotubes or a resin sheet containing finely divided carbon powder. It is possible.
　１０、１００、１００’　ポータブル面状ヒータ
　２０Ａ、２０Ｂ　カーボンシート（発熱シート）
　３０　カバーシート
　４０　断熱材
　５０　電極 10, 100, 100'Portable planar heater 20A, 20B Carbon sheet (heat generating sheet)
30 Cover sheet 40 Insulation material 50 Electrodes

Claims (10)

  1. 　それぞれ通電により発熱する複数のカーボンシートと、
    　前記複数のカーボンシートを覆うカバーシートとを備え、
    　前記複数のカーボンシートが、前記複数のカーボンシートの短手方向に並び、
    　隣り合うカーボンシートの間で折り曲げまたは折り畳み可能であることを特徴とするポータブル面状ヒータ。     Multiple carbon sheets that generate heat when energized,
    A cover sheet for covering the plurality of carbon sheets is provided.
    The plurality of carbon sheets are arranged in the lateral direction of the plurality of carbon sheets,
    A portable planar heater that is foldable or foldable between adjacent carbon sheets.
  2. 　前記複数のカーボンシートが、互いに所定間隔空けて並び、並列的に電気接続することを特徴とする請求項１に記載のポータブル面状ヒータ。 The portable planar heater according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of carbon sheets are arranged at a predetermined interval from each other and electrically connected in parallel.
  3. 　前記複数のカーボンシート各々が、長手方向両端部で板状または箔状電極と接続し、
    　隣り合うカーボンシートの間で向かい合う板状電極が、フレキシブルな導線を介して接続することを特徴とする請求項２に記載のポータブル面状ヒータ。     Each of the plurality of carbon sheets is connected to a plate-shaped or foil-shaped electrode at both ends in the longitudinal direction.
    The portable planar heater according to claim 2, wherein plate-shaped electrodes facing each other between adjacent carbon sheets are connected via a flexible conducting wire.
  4. 　前記複数のカーボンシート間の電気接続を、並列および直列いずれかに選択的に設定可能であることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれかに記載のポータブル面状ヒータ。 The portable planar heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the electrical connection between the plurality of carbon sheets can be selectively set to either parallel or series.
  5. 　前記複数のカーボンシートが、別々の電源から電流が流れるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のポータブル面状ヒータ。 The portable planar heater according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of carbon sheets are configured so that an electric current flows from different power sources.
  6. 　前記カバーシートが、前記複数のカーボンシートの両面を覆う軟質の合成樹脂シートまたは合成樹脂フィルムで構成されることを特徴とする請求項１乃至５のいずれかに記載のポータブル面状ヒータ。 The portable planar heater according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cover sheet is composed of a soft synthetic resin sheet or a synthetic resin film that covers both sides of the plurality of carbon sheets.
  7. 　前記カバーシートが、前記複数のカーボンシートを取り出し可能な開閉部分を有することを特徴とする請求項６に記載のポータブル面状ヒータ。 The portable planar heater according to claim 6, wherein the cover sheet has an opening / closing portion capable of taking out the plurality of carbon sheets.
  8. 　前記複数のカーボンシートの片面とそれぞれ接する複数の断熱材をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項１乃至７のいずれかに記載のポータブル面状ヒータ。 The portable planar heater according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a plurality of heat insulating materials in contact with one side of the plurality of carbon sheets.
  9. 　請求項１乃至８のいずれかに記載のポータブル面状ヒータと、
    　前記ポータブル面状ヒータを折り畳んだ状態で収納可能な収納袋と
    を備えたことを特徴とする暖房器具。     The portable planar heater according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
    A heating appliance provided with a storage bag that can store the portable planar heater in a folded state.
  10. 　請求項１乃至８のいずれかに記載のポータブル面状ヒータを融雪シートとして設置する方法であって、
    　複数のカーボンシートの片面側に設けられた断熱材が、集積された雪とは反対の外側を向くように、カバーシートを隣り合うカーボンシートの間で折り曲げ、集積された雪の上に置くことを特徴とする融雪シートの設置方法。     A method of installing the portable planar heater according to any one of claims 1 to 8 as a snowmelt sheet.
    Fold the cover sheet between adjacent carbon sheets and place it on the accumulated snow so that the insulation provided on one side of the multiple carbon sheets faces the outside opposite to the accumulated snow. How to install the snowmelt sheet.
PCT/JP2020/037348 2019-10-17 2020-09-30 Portable planar heater, heating equipment, and installation method for snow melting sheet WO2021075269A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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JP2021552306A JP7401931B2 (en) 2019-10-17 2020-09-30 Portable planar heaters, cushions, heating equipment and snow melting sheets
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JPH03180337A (en) * 1989-12-09 1991-08-06 Hagiwara Kogyo Kk Panel for indoor heating and infoor heating apparatus
JPH0551165U (en) * 1991-12-20 1993-07-09 株式会社日立ホームテック Surface heating tool
JPH05223265A (en) * 1992-02-10 1993-08-31 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Storing bag for electric carpet
JPH0622823U (en) * 1992-08-25 1994-03-25 松下電工株式会社 Floor heating panel
JPH0878139A (en) * 1994-09-08 1996-03-22 Maruyoshi Eng:Kk Surface heating element, and constructing method of heating equipment using this surface heating element
JPH10331125A (en) * 1997-06-04 1998-12-15 Hiromi Kanayama Snowmelt sheet for gathering snow
JPH11144847A (en) * 1997-11-11 1999-05-28 Metek Kitamura Co Ltd Manufacture of surface heating element
JP3109064U (en) * 2004-11-19 2005-05-12 靖一 平井 Floor heating seat
JP2011073658A (en) * 2009-10-02 2011-04-14 Panasonic Corp Floor heating device and electric vehicle equipped with the same
KR101707478B1 (en) * 2016-06-07 2017-02-16 유재국 Fabric heater, hooked up heater and seat comprising the fabric heater

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JPH0548290U (en) * 1991-11-27 1993-06-25 帝人株式会社 Fever insulation sheet
JP2008198538A (en) * 2007-02-15 2008-08-28 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Planar heating element, divider in refrigerator-freezer using it, and manufacturing method of planar heating element
KR20190093237A (en) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-09 희성전자 주식회사 A heating cushion

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03180337A (en) * 1989-12-09 1991-08-06 Hagiwara Kogyo Kk Panel for indoor heating and infoor heating apparatus
JPH0551165U (en) * 1991-12-20 1993-07-09 株式会社日立ホームテック Surface heating tool
JPH05223265A (en) * 1992-02-10 1993-08-31 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Storing bag for electric carpet
JPH0622823U (en) * 1992-08-25 1994-03-25 松下電工株式会社 Floor heating panel
JPH0878139A (en) * 1994-09-08 1996-03-22 Maruyoshi Eng:Kk Surface heating element, and constructing method of heating equipment using this surface heating element
JPH10331125A (en) * 1997-06-04 1998-12-15 Hiromi Kanayama Snowmelt sheet for gathering snow
JPH11144847A (en) * 1997-11-11 1999-05-28 Metek Kitamura Co Ltd Manufacture of surface heating element
JP3109064U (en) * 2004-11-19 2005-05-12 靖一 平井 Floor heating seat
JP2011073658A (en) * 2009-10-02 2011-04-14 Panasonic Corp Floor heating device and electric vehicle equipped with the same
KR101707478B1 (en) * 2016-06-07 2017-02-16 유재국 Fabric heater, hooked up heater and seat comprising the fabric heater

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JP7401931B2 (en) 2023-12-20
CN218830680U (en) 2023-04-07

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