WO2021074059A1 - Refroidisseur pour refroidir un matériau en vrac - Google Patents

Refroidisseur pour refroidir un matériau en vrac Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021074059A1
WO2021074059A1 PCT/EP2020/078564 EP2020078564W WO2021074059A1 WO 2021074059 A1 WO2021074059 A1 WO 2021074059A1 EP 2020078564 W EP2020078564 W EP 2020078564W WO 2021074059 A1 WO2021074059 A1 WO 2021074059A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooler
bulk material
height
separation area
coarse
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/078564
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Eike Willms
Stefanie Richter
Michael Streffing
Jochen Altfeld
Ludwig KÖNNING
Original Assignee
Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag
Thyssenkrupp Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102019215771.8A external-priority patent/DE102019215771A1/de
Priority claimed from BE20195699A external-priority patent/BE1027678B1/de
Application filed by Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag, Thyssenkrupp Ag filed Critical Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag
Publication of WO2021074059A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021074059A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
    • C04B7/47—Cooling ; Waste heat management
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0028—Regulation
    • F27D2019/0059—Regulation involving the control of the conveyor movement, e.g. speed or sequences
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a cooler for cooling bulk goods, in particular cement clinker.
  • hot bulk material such as cement clinker
  • the bulk material is placed on an aeration base of a cooler through which a cooling medium can flow.
  • the hot bulk material is then moved from one end of the cooler to the other end for cooling and, for example, cooling gas flows through it.
  • Various options are known for transporting the bulk material from the beginning of the cooler to the end of the cooler.
  • the bulk material is transported by movable conveyor elements that move in the conveying direction and against the conveying direction.
  • the conveying elements have a pushing edge that transports the material in the conveying direction.
  • a cooler which has a plurality of conveyor elements that can be moved in the conveying direction and against the conveying direction.
  • Each of the conveyor elements is connected to suitable transport mechanisms via a carrier element, which supports the conveyor elements movably on a machine frame structure.
  • the material is transported in the conveying direction by means of a suitable movement pattern in the forward and return strokes.
  • it is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 3,836,321 A, to undertake separate cooling of the fine material and the coarse material.
  • a method for operating a cooler for cooling bulk material, in particular cement clinker comprises, according to a first aspect, the steps:
  • the coarse material having a grain size that is larger than that of the fine material
  • the method also includes determining the bulk material height H2 in the separation area and controlling / regulating the conveying speed of the bulk material within the cooler as a function of the determined bulk material height H2 in the separation area.
  • the cooler is preferably a clinker cooler which is arranged, for example, in connection with an oven, in particular a rotary kiln, for the production of cement clinker.
  • the cooler has a dynamic grate with a conveying unit for transporting the material in the conveying direction, the conveying unit having, for example, a ventilation base through which cooling gas can flow and with a plurality of passage openings for admitting cooling air.
  • the cooling air is provided, for example, by fans arranged below the ventilation floor, so that the bulk material to be cooled is in cross flow to the Cooling air flows through the conveying direction.
  • the ventilation floor preferably forms a plane on which the bulk material rests.
  • the ventilation base is preferably formed partially or completely by the conveying elements, which are arranged next to one another and form a plane for receiving the bulk material.
  • an inlet area of the cooler which has a static grate, directly adjoins the material inlet.
  • the static grate is, for example, an angle to the horizontal of 10 ° to 35 °, preferably 12 ° to 33 °, in particular 13 ° to 31 ° inclined grate through which cooling air flows from below.
  • the static grate is preferably arranged below the furnace outlet, so that the bulk material from the furnace outlet falls directly onto the static grate and slides along it in the conveying direction.
  • the separation area optionally connects directly to the material inlet of the cooler or directly to the static grate of the inlet area of the cooler.
  • the fine material is, for example, bulk material with a grain size of about 10 5 mm to 4 mm, preferably 10 -5 mm to 2 mm, the coarse material being bulk material with a grain size of 4 mm to 100 mm, preferably 2 mm to 100 mm.
  • the separating cut between the coarse material and the fine material is preferably at a grain size of 2mm.
  • the fine material preferably comprises a proportion of 90% to 95% of bulk material with a grain size of 10 -5 mm to 4 mm, preferably 10 -5 mm to 2 mm, with 5% to 10% of the fine material being bulk material with a grain size greater than this can act as 2mm, preferably more than 4mm.
  • the coarse material preferably comprises 90 to 95% of bulk material with a grain size of 2mm to 100mm, preferably 4mm to 100mm, with 5% to 10% of the coarse material being bulk material with a grain size of less than 2mm, preferably less than 4mm can act.
  • the fine material cooler and the coarse material cooler adjoin the separation area, these being arranged parallel to one another.
  • the parallel arrangement of the fine material cooler and the coarse material cooler should not only be understood in a geometric sense, but also in a process engineering sense.
  • the fine material cooler is preferably arranged parallel to the coarse material cooler in the conveying direction of the bulk material.
  • the fine material cooler and the coarse material cooler preferably have one dynamic grate, each of which is traversed by a cooling medium for cooling the bulk material resting on the dynamic grate.
  • the cooling medium is, for example, cooling air that is blown through the fine and coarse material cooler by means of fans.
  • the height of the bulk material is, for example, an absolute bulk material height of the bulk material in the cooler, the height of the conveyor units, such as the static or dynamic grate, not being taken into account.
  • the absolute bulk material height is determined for at least one point on the bulk material surface. It is also conceivable to determine a plurality of absolute bulk material heights in a measurement area and to calculate an average value of the absolute bulk material height from this.
  • the height of the bulk material can also be the relative height of the bulk material, the height of the bulk material being determined on the respective conveying unit, such as a static or dynamic grate.
  • the relative bulk material height is preferably the absolute bulk material height from which the height of the respective conveying unit, such as a static or dynamic grate, has been subtracted.
  • a control / regulation of the conveying speed of the bulk material within the cooler as a function of the determined bulk material height H2 in the separation area enables a targeted setting of the bulk material heights within the cooler.
  • a change in the conveying speed of the bulk material in an area within the cooler influences the height of the bulk material in the area of the cooler and in particular in the areas of the cooler arranged upstream in the conveying direction.
  • the bulk material height of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler is determined and the conveying speed of the bulk material within the cooler is controlled / regulated as a function of the determined bulk material height of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler.
  • the bulk material height of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler adjoining the separation area influences the bulk material height in the separation area. For example, the bulk material height in the separation area increases when the bulk material height in the coarse material cooler is increased.
  • the conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area and / or the conveying speed of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler is determined as a function of the determined bulk material height in the
  • the conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area and / or the conveying speed of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler is controlled / regulated in such a way that the bulk material height in the separation area is lower than the bulk material height of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler.
  • the fine material preferably collects in such a depression and can be separated from the coarse material in a simple manner.
  • the flea difference between the bulk material height of the bulk material in the separation area and the bulk material height of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler is calculated, the calculated height difference being compared with a target value and with a deviation of the height difference from the target value, the conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area and / or in the coarse material cooler is reduced or increased.
  • the conveying speed of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler is set in such a way that it is lower than the conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area. Such an adjustment of the conveying speed preferably brings about a greater bulk material height in the coarse material cooler compared to the bulk material height in the separation area. This enables the depression to be formed in the separation area.
  • the bulk material height is determined by means of an optical measurement method, such as a laser measurement method or infrared measurement method, or by means of an electromagnetic measurement method, such as a radar measurement method (microwaves in the range of 1-300 GHz).
  • the measuring method is understood to mean both the optical measuring method, the laser measuring method and the radar measuring method.
  • the measuring device is attached, for example, at a known distance from the aeration floor of the separation area above the bulk material surface.
  • the height of the bulk material is preferably determined in a lateral edge area of the separation area by means of an optical measuring method or radar measurement.
  • a surface area is recorded which extends, for example, over the entire width and length of the separation area or only over part of the separation area, for example the lateral edge area.
  • the surface of the bulk material is recorded over an area and, for example, the highest value of the bulk material height is determined in this area.
  • a plurality of measuring devices are provided above the surface of the bulk material, for example evenly spaced from one another, across the width of the separation area, in order to preferably detect a surface area of the bulk material in the separation area and to determine the height of the bulk material in this area, preferably over an area.
  • the height of the bulk material is determined at a large number of individual, mutually spaced measuring points, from which a 2D image of the bulk material surface is determined, for example by means of interpolation.
  • the measurement methods for determining the bulk material height are a simple and reliable way of determining the bulk material height while the cooler is in operation.
  • the air pressure of the cooling gas is determined in the separation area, the coarse material cooler and / or the fine material cooler and the hydraulic pressure in a hydraulic drive of the cooler and the bulk material height in the cooler being calculated using the determined hydraulic pressure and air pressure.
  • the air pressure of the cooling gas in the inlet area of the cooler is also determined and the height of the bulk material in the inlet area is calculated using the hydraulic pressure and air pressure determined.
  • the separation area has a dynamic grate with a plurality of conveyor elements for transporting the Bulk material in the conveying direction, the conveying elements being moved simultaneously in a forward stroke in the conveying direction and in a return stroke inconsistently against the conveying direction, and the frequency of movement of the conveying elements and / or the length of the forward stroke and the return stroke depending on the determined height of the bulk goods in the separation area and / or the coarse material cooler is controlled / regulated.
  • the coarse material cooler has a dynamic grate with a plurality of conveyor elements for transporting the bulk material in the conveying direction, the conveying elements being moved simultaneously in a forward stroke in the conveying direction and in a return stroke counter to the conveying direction and the frequency of movement of the conveying elements and / or the flow length of the forward stroke and the return stroke is controlled / regulated as a function of the determined bulk material height of the separation area and / or the coarse material cooler.
  • the separation area has a wall for separating the fine material from the coarse material and wherein the method comprises determining the difference between the bulk material height in the separation area and the fleas of the wall and wherein the conveying speed is controlled / regulated as a function of the calculated flea difference .
  • the calculated flea difference is a measure of the bulk material entering the fines cooler and is therefore a way of setting the conveying speed in the separation area. For example, the calculated flea difference is compared with a target value and, if the flea difference deviates from this target value, the fleas on the wall changed to separate the fine material. In this way, the fleas of the wall for separating the fine material adjusts to the layer heights that vary over time in the separation area, so that the fine material can flow off over and / or through the wall at all times.
  • the invention also comprises a cooler for cooling bulk material, in particular cement clinker, having a cooler inlet for admitting bulk material to be cooled into the cooler, one behind the cooler in the conveying direction of the bulk material Cooling inlet arranged separation area for separating coarse material and fine material, a coarse material cooler adjoining the separation area for cooling the coarse material and a fine material cooler connected to the separation area and arranged parallel to the coarse material cooler for cooling the fine material, the cooler also has a control / regulating device which is designed and set up in such a way that it controls / regulates the conveying speed of the bulk material within the cooler as a function of the bulk material height of the bulk material in the separation area.
  • a control / regulating device which is designed and set up in such a way that it controls / regulates the conveying speed of the bulk material within the cooler as a function of the bulk material height of the bulk material in the separation area.
  • the cooler has a measuring device for determining the bulk material height in the separation area, this being connected to the control / regulating device for transmitting the determined bulk material height.
  • the cooler has a pressure sensor for determining the air pressure of the cooling gas in the separation area, the coarse material cooler and / or the fine material cooler, this being connected to the control / regulating device for transmitting the determined air pressure.
  • the separation area has a dynamic grate with a plurality of conveyor elements for transporting the bulk material in the conveying direction and a drive for driving the conveyor elements, the control / regulating device for controlling / regulating the conveying speed of the bulk material being connected to the drive .
  • the drive comprises a hydraulic drive and a hydraulic pressure sensor which is connected to the control / regulating device for transmitting the hydraulic pressure.
  • a vertical offset of at least 700mm to 1200mm, preferably at least 800mm to 1100mm, in particular 900mm, is formed between the separation area and the coarse material cooler.
  • At the vertical offset is preferably a step between the dynamic grate of the separation area and the dynamic grate of the coarse material cooler.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a cooler for cooling bulk goods according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a cooler for cooling bulk goods in a sectional view according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a cooler for cooling bulk goods in a sectional view according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the cooler 10 for cooling hot bulk material, in particular cement clinker.
  • the cooler 10 is preferably arranged downstream of a furnace, in particular a rotary kiln, for burning cement clinker, so that hot bulk material emerging from the furnace falls into the cooler 10, for example due to gravity.
  • the cooler 10 has a plurality of areas, in each of which the bulk material has different temperatures and, for example, is cooled in different ways.
  • the cooler 10 has a material inlet 12 for admitting hot bulk material into the cooler 10.
  • the material inlet 12 is, for example, the area between the furnace outlet and a static or dynamic grate 36 of the cooler 10, the bulk material 11 preferably falling through the material inlet 12 as a result of gravity.
  • the bulk material to be cooled has a temperature of 1200 to 1450 ° C. in the material inlet 12, for example. In Cooling of the bulk material is preferably already taking place in the material inlet 12.
  • the material inlet 12 is optionally followed by a cooler inlet area 14, which includes a static grate 36, for example.
  • the static grate 36 is, for example, a ventilation base, preferably a grate, through which cooling air flows from below, at an angle to the horizontal of 10 ° to 35 °, preferably 12 ° to 33 °, in particular 13 ° to 21 ° .
  • the angle of repose of coarse clinker (unventilated) is, for example, in a range from 33 ° to 35 °, so that in a preferred variant, the static grate 36 has an angle of 33 ° to 35 ° to the horizontal.
  • the static grate 36 is preferably arranged below the furnace outlet, so that the bulk material 11 falls from the furnace outlet directly onto the static grate and slides along it in the conveying direction.
  • the bulk material 11 is particularly cooled to a temperature of less than 1150 ° C.
  • the static grate 36 preferably has passages 38 through which cooling air enters the cooler 10 and the bulk material.
  • the cooling air is generated, for example, by at least one fan 18 arranged below the static grate, so that cooling air flows through the static grate from below.
  • the bulk material to be cooled is moved in the conveying direction F.
  • the cooler 10 has a separation area 16, which optionally connects directly to the cooler inlet area 14. It is also conceivable that the cooler does not have a cooler inlet area 14 with the static grate 36. In this case, the separation area 16 of the cooler 10 is arranged in such a way that the bulk material from the furnace outlet falls directly onto the static grate or the dynamic grate of the separation area 16. In the separation area 16, the bulk material is separated into fine material and coarse material. And preferably cooled to a temperature of less than 1150 ° C., preferably 1100 ° C., in particular 800 ° C., the cooling being carried out in such a way that liquid clinker phases present in the bulk material solidify completely into solid phases.
  • the bulk material When leaving the separation area 16 of the cooler 10, the bulk material is preferably completely in the solid phase and at a maximum temperature of 1100 ° C.
  • the bulk material When the bulk material is separated into coarse material and fine material, at least the fine material is preferably at least partially or completely in the solid phase and has a temperature of less than 1150 ° C, in particular less than 1100 ° C. At such a temperature there is no sticking or clumping of the bulk material.
  • the fine material particles and the coarse material particles are essentially separate from one another, preferably in layers, so that a separation of the fine material and the coarse material can be carried out optimally without caking or clumping of the bulk material.
  • the separation area 16 of the cooler 10 has, for example, one or a plurality of fans 24, by means of which cooling air flows through the bulk material to be cooled.
  • the bulk material in the separation region 16 preferably has an upper region in which mostly or exclusively fine material is present, and a lower region in which mostly coarse material is present.
  • Fine material is to be understood as bulk material with a grain size of about 10 5 mm to 4 mm, preferably 10 -5 mm to 2 mm, the coarse material being bulk material with a grain size of 4 mm to 100 mm, preferably 2 mm to 100 mm.
  • the separating cut between the coarse material and the fine material is preferably at a grain size of 2mm.
  • the separation area 16 is followed by a coarse material cooler 20 for cooling the coarse material separated from the fine material in the separation area 16 and a fine material cooler 22 for cooling the fine material separated from the coarse material in the separation area 16, the fine material cooler 22 and the coarse material cooler 20 being arranged parallel to one another are.
  • the parallel arrangement of the fine material cooler to the coarse material cooler is not to be understood as a geometric arrangement, but rather a process-related arrangement, wherein the fine material cooler and the coarse material cooler can be referred to as being connected in parallel to one another.
  • the fine material cooler is preferably arranged parallel to the coarse material cooler in the conveying direction of the bulk material. Preferably, mostly or exclusively fine material is passed from the separation area into the fine material cooler 22, with largely or exclusively coarse material being passed into the coarse material cooler 20.
  • the coarse material cooler 20 comprises, for example, a dynamic grate 42 which has a conveyor unit with a plurality of conveyor elements movable in the conveying direction F and counter to the conveying direction F for transporting the bulk material in the conveying direction.
  • the conveyor unit is, for example, one Moving floor conveyor which has a plurality of conveyor elements for transporting the coarse material.
  • the conveying elements are a plurality of planks, preferably grate planks, which form a ventilation floor.
  • the conveying elements are arranged next to one another and can be moved in conveying direction F and against conveying direction F.
  • the conveyor elements designed as conveyor planks or grate planks are preferably flowed through by cooling air, arranged over the entire length of the coarse cooler 20 and form the surface on which the bulk material rests.
  • the conveyor unit can also be a push conveyor, the conveyor unit having a stationary ventilation base through which cooling air can flow and a plurality of conveyor elements which can be moved relative to the ventilation base.
  • the conveying elements of the pusher conveyor are preferably arranged above the aeration base and have drivers running transversely to the conveying direction.
  • the conveyor elements can be moved in the conveying direction F and against the conveying direction F.
  • the conveying elements of the push conveyor and the moving floor conveyor can be moved according to the “walking floor principle”, the conveying elements all being moved simultaneously in the conveying direction and non-simultaneously against the conveying direction.
  • the cooled coarse material is discharged from the cooler 10 and preferably has a temperature of 50.degree. C. to 200.degree. C., preferably less than 100.degree.
  • the coarse material cooler 20 has, for example, a plurality of fans - 44 below the ventilation floor, by means of which cooling air flows from below through the dynamic grate 42.
  • the fine material cooler 22 comprises, for example, a dynamic grate which has a conveying unit with a plurality of conveying elements movable in the conveying direction and counter to the conveying direction F for transporting the bulk material in the conveying direction.
  • the conveyor unit can be, for example, a push conveyor or a moving floor conveyor, as described above. Other conveying principles from bulk material technology are also conceivable.
  • the separation area 16 also comprises, for example, a dynamic grate 40, which has a conveyor unit with a plurality of conveyor elements movable in the conveying direction and opposite to the conveying direction F for transporting the bulk material in the conveying direction, which can be, for example, a push conveyor or moving floor conveyor described above.
  • the fines cooler 22 has a material inlet 30 for admitting fines from the separation area 16 of the cooler 10 into the fines cooler 22.
  • the fines cooler 22 also has a material outlet 32 in an end of the fines cooler 22 facing away from the material inlet 30 for discharging fines from the fines cooler 22 .
  • the separation area 16 has a fine material outlet 34 for discharging the fine material from the separation area 16 into the fine material cooler 22.
  • the fine material outlet 34 and the material inlet 30 coincide, for example.
  • the separation area 16 preferably has separation means, which are not shown in FIGS. 1-3.
  • the separation means can be, for example, a wall which is arranged between the separation area 16 and the fines cooler 22 and preferably extends in the conveying direction of the bulk material.
  • the upper edge of the wall preferably forms the fine material outlet 34 for discharging the fine material from the separation area 16.
  • the separation area 16 and the fine material cooler 22 are connected to one another via material chutes, for example.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional illustration of a cooler 10 described in FIG. 1.
  • the separation region 16 has a dynamic, in particular movable, grate 40 which adjoins the static grate 36 in the conveying direction F.
  • the coarse material cooler 20 has a dynamic, in particular movable, grate 42 which adjoins the dynamic grate 40 of the separation area 16 in the conveying direction F.
  • a step 47 is formed between the dynamic grate 40 of the separation area 16 and the dynamic grate 42 of the coarse material cooler 20.
  • the step 47 is, for example, a vertical height offset between the static grate 40 and the dynamic grate 42 of the coarse material cooler 20.
  • the height of the step 47 is preferably at least 700-1200mm, preferably 800-1100mm, in particular 900-1000mm.
  • the step 47 is preferably a maximum of 3000 mm high.
  • the step 47 in FIG. 2 preferably has a constant height in the conveying direction F, since the dynamic grate 40 of the separation area 16 runs horizontally, for example.
  • the dynamic grate 40 of the separation area 16 is arranged, for example, within the step.
  • a wall element 46 is arranged within the step 47, for example, which directly adjoins the dynamic grate 40 of the separation area 16 in the conveying direction F, so that the bulk material 11 flows from the dynamic grate 40 onto the wall element 46.
  • the wall element 46 is designed to be static or dynamic, for example, with a dynamic wall element 46 being attached so as to be movable in the conveying direction F and counter to the conveying direction F.
  • the cooler 10 preferably has a drive, not shown, which is connected to the dynamic wall element 46 and drives it in the conveying direction F and counter to the conveying direction F.
  • the wall element 46 extends, for example, in the vertical direction or at an angle of approximately 20-90 °, preferably 40-60 °, in particular 45 ° to the horizontal, preferably to the dynamic grate 40 and / or 42, so that the bulk material 11 in the conveying direction F. slides along the wall element 46. It is also conceivable that the wall element 46 is designed as a slide, plate elements, rod elements or, for example, a screw conveyor.
  • the cooler 10 preferably has at least one pressure sensor 54, 56 for determining the air pressure below the static grate 38 of the cooler inlet area 14 or the dynamic grate 40 of the separation area 16.
  • the cooler 10 preferably has at least two or three pressure sensors 54, 56, 58, with one pressure sensor 54 below the static grate 36 of the inlet area 14, another pressure sensor 56 below the dynamic grate 40 of the separation area 16 and optionally another pressure sensor 58 below the dynamic grate 42 of the coarse material cooler 20 is arranged.
  • the control / regulating device 50 is preferably connected to the pressure sensor 54, 56, 58 and the hydraulic pressure sensor of the drive so that the Pressure values are transmitted to the control / regulating device 50.
  • the control / regulating device 50 determines the bulk material height in the separation area 16 and / or the coarse material cooler 20 from the measured air pressure and hydraulic pressure values.
  • the bulk material height of the bulk material on the static grate 36 of the cooler inlet area 14 is denoted by H1.
  • the bulk material height of the bulk material on the dynamic grate 40 of the separation area 16 is designated by H2 and the bulk material height of the bulk material on the dynamic grate 40 of the coarse material cooler 20 is designated by H3.
  • the hydraulic pressure in the return stroke is roughly linear to the respective bulk material height.
  • the hydraulic pressure in the return stroke is determined, for example, which represents a reference point for the bulk material height in the respective area of the cooler 10, preferably the separation area 16.
  • the hydraulic pressure and the respective associated values of the bulk material height were determined beforehand in tests and preferably stored in the control system 50.
  • the bulk material height H2 also behaves linearly, for example, to the determined air pressure below the dynamic grate 40.
  • the air pressure and the respective associated values of the bulk material height H2 were determined in advance in tests and preferably stored in the control device 50.
  • a bulk material height is calculated, for example, via a linear correlation of the layer height from the determined values of the hydraulic pressure and the air pressure.
  • the control / regulating device 50 is preferably connected to the drive of the conveyor unit of the cooler 10, in particular the separation area 16, so that the control / regulating device 50 controls / regulates the conveying speed of the bulk material preferably in the separation area 16.
  • the conveying speed is controlled / regulated, for example, as a function of the bulk material height determined in advance using the air pressure and hydraulic pressure data.
  • the mean speed is preferably below the conveying speed of the bulk material To understand the speed of the bulk material across the width of the cooler 10, preferably of the separation area 16.
  • the control / regulating device 50 is preferably designed to control / regulate the movement of the conveying elements.
  • the conveying elements are moved simultaneously in the conveying direction and non-simultaneously against the conveying direction.
  • Each individual conveying element carries out a forward stroke movement in conveying direction F and a return stroke movement against conveying direction F.
  • the bulk material bed is moved in the conveying direction F by the simultaneous forward stroke of the conveyor elements.
  • the bed of bulk material is not moved, or is moved only insignificantly, against the conveying direction F.
  • the movement frequency of the forward and return stroke movement of the conveyor planks is set, for example, by means of the control / regulating device 50. If the frequency of movement is increased, the conveyor speed increases and vice versa. It is also conceivable to control / regulate the conveying speed of the bulk material by adjusting the flow length in the forward stroke and / or in the return stroke. If the flue length is increased, the conveying speed increases and vice versa, the frequency of movement of the forward and return stroke movement of the conveying elements preferably remaining the same. For example, the stroke length or the movement frequency is controlled / regulated exclusively for the outer, preferably two or four, conveyor elements.
  • the outer conveyor elements preferably mean the conveyor elements on the longitudinal sides of the separation area 16.
  • the cooler 10 of FIG. 2 has a measuring device 52 for determining the height of the bulk goods FH 1, FH2 and / or FH3.
  • the measuring device 52 is, for example, a radar sensor.
  • the radar sensor is designed, for example, in such a way that it emits electromagnetic waves in a measuring cone with a Emission angle of about 5 ° to 15 °, so that a surface of the bulk material of, for example, 0.2m 2 to 1m 2 can be detected by the measuring device 52.
  • the electromagnetic waves reflected on the surface of the bulk material are detected by the measuring device 52, which is designed such that it determines the distance between the surface of the bulk material and the measuring device 52, preferably an average value over the surface of the bulk material detected by the measuring device 52 .
  • the measuring device 52 is preferably designed in such a way that it calculates the respective absolute bulk material height from the distance between the surface of the bulk material and the measuring device 52, this corresponding to the height of the bulk material in the cooler 10.
  • the measuring device 52 can also be designed in such a way that it determines the respective relative bulk material height H1, H2 and / or H3 from the distance between the surface of the bulk material and the measuring device 52, this being the height of the bulk material relative to the respective static or dynamic grate 36 , 40, 42 corresponds on which the bulk material rests.
  • the height of the static grate 36 to determine the bulk material height H 1 the height of the dynamic grate 40 to determine the bulk material height H2 of the bulk material in the separation area 16 and the height of the dynamic grate 42 of the coarse material cooler 20 to determine the bulk material height H3 in the coarse material cooler 20 stored in the measuring device 52.
  • the measuring device 52 is preferably arranged above the dynamic grate 40, in particular above the bulk material surface.
  • the measuring device 52 is arranged approximately 2 m to 3 m above the dynamic grate 40 of the separation area 16.
  • the measuring device 52 is attached to a ceiling of the cooler 10. It is also conceivable for a plurality of measuring devices 52 to be arranged above the surface of the bulk material in the cooler 10.
  • the coarse material cooler 20 has one or more measuring devices 52 for determining the bulk material height H3 of the coarse material on the dynamic grate 42.
  • the measuring device 52 is connected to the control / regulating device 50, so that the bulk material height H1, H2 and / or H3 determined by the measuring device 52, preferably the determined distance between the surface of the bulk material and the measuring device 52, is transmitted to the control / regulating device 50 become.
  • the determination of the absolute bulk heights or the relative Bulk material heights H1, H2 and / or H3 can also take place in the control / regulating device 50.
  • the control / regulating device 50 is designed, for example, in such a way that it calculates the heights of the bulk goods H1, H2 and / or H3 from the distance between the surface of the bulk material and the measuring device 52 determined by the measuring device 52.
  • the height of the static grate 36 to determine the bulk material height H1 the height of the dynamic grate 40 to determine the bulk material height H2 of the bulk material in the separation area 16 and the height of the dynamic grate 42 of the coarse material cooler 20 to determine the bulk material height H3 in the coarse material cooler 20 stored in the control / regulating device 50.
  • the control / regulating device 50 is designed, for example, in such a way that it controls / regulates the conveying speed of the bulk material 11 in the separation area 16 and / or the coarse material cooler 20 as a function of the bulk material height H2 or H3 determined by means of the measuring device 52.
  • the bulk material height H2 or H3 can optionally be calculated in addition to the measuring device 52 from the measured air pressure and hydraulic pressure values.
  • the bulk material height H2 or H3 measured by means of the measuring device 52 or determined with the control / regulating device 50 is preferably compared with the bulk material height calculated from the measured air pressure and hydraulic pressure values, in particular a deviation between the measured value and the calculated value is determined. If the deviation exceeds a value of, for example, +/- 5% to +/- 15%, the conveying speed of the bulk material is controlled / regulated exclusively as a function of the bulk material height calculated from the measured air pressure and hydraulic pressure values. In the event of a deviation of, for example, +/- 5% to +/- 15%, an error in the measuring device 52 is assumed and this is therefore no longer taken into account in the control / regulation.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cooler 10 which essentially corresponds to the cooler 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the dynamic grate 40 of the separation area 16 has an angle of 20-90 °, preferably 40-60 °, in particular 45 ° to the horizontal and in particular to the dynamic grate 40 of the coarse material cooler 20.
  • the step 47 of the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3 has a height that varies in the conveying direction F.
  • the step 47 between the The task area of the dynamic grate 40 and the dynamic grate 42 has the height described with reference to FIG. 2.
  • bulk material 11 optionally falls from an oven outlet into the inlet area 14 of the cooler 10.
  • the bulk material 11 is cooled to a temperature of less than 1100 ° C., with preferably complete solidification of the liquid phase of the bulk material to be cooled 11 takes place.
  • the dwell time of the bulk material on the static grate 36 of the inlet area 14 is preferably approximately 100 to 300 seconds. Both coarse material and fine material are present on the static grate 36 and are distributed over the height and length of the bulk material bed 11, for example. It is also conceivable that there is a higher proportion of fine material in the upper bulk material layer than in the lower bulk material layer.
  • the height H1 of the bulk material bed 11 is, for example, 300-1000 m, preferably 600 mm.
  • a comminuting device 48 adjoins the dynamic grate 42 of the coarse material cooler 20 in FIGS. 2 and 3 by way of example.
  • the comminution device 48 is, for example, a mill or a crusher with at least two crushing rollers rotatable in opposite directions and a crushing gap formed between these, in which the comminution of the material takes place.
  • a third area of the cooler 10 (not shown) for further cooling of the bulk material 11 can, for example, adjoin the shredding device 48.
  • the bulk material preferably has a temperature of more than 100 ° C. when it enters the third region of the cooler 10.
  • the bulk material preferably has a temperature of 100 ° C. or less when it leaves the cooler 10.
  • a relative bulk material bed height H1 is formed in the first region 14 of the cooler 10 on the static grate 36, which is optimally between 300 mm and 1000 mm.
  • the bulk material bed 11 optimally has a relative bulk material height H2 of 300mm to 1000mm.
  • the height H3 of the The bulk material bed 11 on the dynamic grate 42 of the coarse material cooler 20 is optimally 300mm to 1500mm, preferably 600mm to 1500mm.
  • the specified height values are the bulk material height at which the bulk material can be optimally cooled in the separation area 16, the coarse material cooler 20 and the cooler inlet area 14. With the above-mentioned relative bulk material height H2, an optimal separation of the fine material from the coarse material is also possible.
  • the relative bulk material heights H1, H2 and H3 can be adjusted by means of the conveying speed of the bulk material.
  • the cooler 10 optimal operation of the cooler 10 is possible, for example, when the surface of the bulk material of the separation region 16 is in a plane with the surface of the bulk material of the coarse material cooler 20.
  • the absolute bulk material height of the bulk material in the separation area 16 is equal to the absolute bulk material height of the bulk material in the coarse material cooler 20.
  • the bulk material height H3 preferably corresponds to the bulk material height H2 plus the height of the step 47.
  • the cooler operates optimally 10 when the surface of the bulk material of the separation region 16 lies below the surface of the bulk material of the coarse material cooler 20, so that a depression, shown hatched in FIGS. 2 and 3, is preferably formed in the bulk material.
  • the bulk material heights H1, H2 and / or H3 are preferably set as described below.
  • the possibility is described of setting the conveying speeds of the bulk material on the dynamic grids 40, 42 such that the surface of the bulk material of the separation area 16 is in a plane with the surface of the bulk material of the coarse material cooler 20.
  • the absolute bulk material height in the separation area 16 and the coarse material cooler 20 is preferably determined by means of the measuring device 52 and transmitted to the control / regulating device 50.
  • the control / regulating device 50 is preferably designed in such a way that it compares the absolute bulk material heights with one another and if there is a deviation of the determined absolute bulk material heights from one another, the conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 and / or in the coarse material cooler 20 is reduced or increased.
  • the The conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 and / or the coarse material cooler 20 is reduced if the absolute bulk material height in the separation area 16 is less than the absolute bulk material height in the coarse material cooler 20.
  • the conveying speed of the bulk material is preferably the separation area 16 and / or in the coarse material cooler 20 increased when the absolute bulk material height in the separation area 16 is higher than the absolute bulk material height in the coarse material cooler 20.
  • the bulk material height H2 in the separation area 16 is determined by means of the measuring device 52 or the control / regulating device 50 and compared with a previously determined target value, which is stored in the control / regulating device 50, for example. If the determined bulk material height H2 deviates from the target value, the conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 and / or in the coarse material cooler 20 is reduced or increased. The conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 and / or in the coarse material cooler 20 is preferably reduced when the determined bulk material height H2 falls below the setpoint value. The conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 and / or in the coarse material cooler 20 is preferably increased when the determined bulk material height H2 exceeds the setpoint value. A reduction in the conveying speed of the coarse material cooler 20 causes an increase in the height of the bulk material H2 in the separation area 16, the conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 preferably remaining essentially the same.
  • the bulk material height H3 is determined in the coarse material cooler and compared with a previously determined setpoint value, which is stored in the control / regulating device 50, for example. If the determined bulk material height H3 deviates from the target value, the conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 and / or in the coarse material cooler 20 is reduced or increased. The conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 and / or in the coarse material cooler 20 is preferably reduced when the determined bulk material height H2 falls below the setpoint value. The conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 and / or in the Coarse material cooler 20 increases when the determined bulk material height H2 exceeds the target value.
  • the bulk material height H2 of the bulk material 11 in the separation area 16 is determined, for example, in addition to the bulk material height H3 of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler 20 by means of the measuring device 52 or the control / regulating device 50, the determined bulk material heights H2 and H3 being compared with one another. If the bulk material height H3 of the coarse material is less than or equal to the bulk material height H2 of the bulk material 11 in the separation area 16, the conveying speed of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler 20 is reduced, the conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 remaining the same or increased, for example.
  • the conveying speed of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler 20 and of the bulk material in the separation region 16 is not changed, for example.
  • the difference between the bulk material height H3 of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler 20 and the bulk material height H2 of the bulk material 11 in the separation area 16 is preferably determined and compared with a setpoint stored in the control / regulating device 50.
  • the setpoint corresponds, for example, to the fleas of step 47 between the dynamic grate 40 of the separation area 16 and the dynamic grate 42 of the coarse material cooler 20 and is, for example, 700mm to 1200mm, preferably at least 800mm to 1100mm, in particular 900mm.
  • the conveying speed of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler 20 is reduced, for example, and the conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 is optionally increased.
  • the conveying speed is preferably set such that the coarse material cooler 20 has a lower conveying speed than the separation area 16. If the difference exceeds the target value, the conveying speed is preferably not changed or the conveying speed of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler 20 is increased and optionally the conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 is reduced. It is also conceivable to adjust the control / regulation of the conveying speeds of the bulk material on the dynamic grids 40, 42 in such a way that a depression is formed on the surface of the bulk material of the separation area 16.
  • the absolute bulk material height in the separation area 16 and the coarse material cooler 20 is determined by means of the measuring device 52 and transmitted to the control / regulating device 50.
  • the control / regulating device 50 is preferably designed in such a way that it determines a deviation between the ascertained absolute bulk material heights and compares this with a previously determined setpoint value stored in the control / regulating device 50.
  • the absolute bulk material height of the separation area 16 is preferably subtracted from the absolute bulk material height of the coarse material cooler 20. If the determined value falls below the target value, the conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 and / or the coarse material cooler 20 is reduced.
  • the target value is, for example, 200mm to 1000mm, preferably 300mm to 700mm, in particular 500mm to 600mm.
  • the relative bulk material heights H2 of the bulk material 11 in the separation area 16 and the relative bulk material height H3 of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler 20 are determined by means of the measuring device 52 or the control / regulating device 50 and transmitted to the control / regulating device 50 .
  • the control / regulating device 50 is preferably designed in such a way that the determined bulk material heights H2 and H3 can be compared with one another.
  • the difference between the bulk material height H3 of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler 20 and the bulk material height H2 of the bulk material 11 in the separation area 16 is preferably determined and compared with a setpoint stored in the control / regulating device 50.
  • the setpoint corresponds, for example, to the height of the step 47 plus a desired depth of the depression between the bulk material surface of the dynamic grate 40 of the separation area 16 and the dynamic grate 42 of the coarse material cooler 20 and is, for example 1300mm to 2400mm, preferably at least 1300mm to 2000mm, in particular 1500mm to 1800mm. If the difference falls below the target value, the conveying speed of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler 20 is reduced, for example, and the conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 is optionally increased.
  • the conveying speed is preferably set such that the coarse material cooler 20 has a lower conveying speed than the separation area 16. If the difference exceeds the target value, the conveying speed is preferably not changed or the conveying speed of the coarse material in the coarse material cooler 20 is increased and optionally the conveying speed of the bulk material in the separation area 16 is reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de refroidissement d'un matériau en vrac, en particulier des scories de ciment, dans un refroidisseur (10), comportant les étapes de : - admission de matériau en vrac (11) à refroidir dans le refroidisseur (10) depuis un four à travers une entrée de matériau (12), refroidissement du matériau en vrac à une hauteur de matériau en vrac (H1) dans une région d'entrée (14) d'un refroidisseur (10) qui comporte une grille statique (36), refroidissement du matériau en vrac à une hauteur de matériau en vrac (H2) dans une région de séparation (16) du refroidisseur (10) adjacente à la région d'entrée (14), séparation du matériau fin et du matériau grossier dans la région de séparation (16), ledit matériau grossier ayant une taille de grain qui est plus grande que celle du matériau fin, refroidissement du matériau fin dans un refroidisseur de matériau fin (22) au moyen d'un milieu de refroidissement, et refroidissement du matériau grossier dans un refroidisseur de matériau grossier (20) séparément du matériau fin, le matériau grossier dans le refroidisseur de matériau grossier (20) ayant une hauteur de matériau en vrac (H3). Le procédé comprend en outre les étapes de détermination de la hauteur de matériau en vrac (H2) dans la région de séparation (16) et de contrôle/régulation de la vitesse de transport du matériau en vrac à l'intérieur du refroidisseur (10) sur la base de la hauteur de matériau en vrac déterminée (H2).
PCT/EP2020/078564 2019-10-14 2020-10-12 Refroidisseur pour refroidir un matériau en vrac WO2021074059A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019215771.8A DE102019215771A1 (de) 2019-10-14 2019-10-14 Kühler zum Kühlen von Schüttgut
DE102019215771.8 2019-10-14
BEBE2019/5699 2019-10-14
BE20195699A BE1027678B1 (de) 2019-10-14 2019-10-14 Kühler zum Kühlen von Schüttgut

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WO2021074059A1 true WO2021074059A1 (fr) 2021-04-22

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3064357A (en) * 1959-09-02 1962-11-20 Industrial Nucleonics Corp Conveyor speed control by measuring material level
EP0943881A1 (fr) * 1998-03-18 1999-09-22 BMH Claudius Peters AG Procédé de régulation de la vitesse de transport dans un refroidisseur à grilles mobiles
DE102005032518A1 (de) * 2005-07-12 2007-01-18 Polysius Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kühlen von Schüttgut
DE102014000255A1 (de) * 2014-01-08 2015-07-09 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung der Effizienz eines Schüttgutkühlers
WO2017190866A1 (fr) * 2016-05-04 2017-11-09 Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag Installation et procédé pour la préparation d'un liant

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3064357A (en) * 1959-09-02 1962-11-20 Industrial Nucleonics Corp Conveyor speed control by measuring material level
EP0943881A1 (fr) * 1998-03-18 1999-09-22 BMH Claudius Peters AG Procédé de régulation de la vitesse de transport dans un refroidisseur à grilles mobiles
DE102005032518A1 (de) * 2005-07-12 2007-01-18 Polysius Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kühlen von Schüttgut
DE102014000255A1 (de) * 2014-01-08 2015-07-09 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung der Effizienz eines Schüttgutkühlers
WO2017190866A1 (fr) * 2016-05-04 2017-11-09 Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag Installation et procédé pour la préparation d'un liant

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