WO2021073323A1 - Système, procédé et appareil de compensation de courant de défaut de mise à la terre pour alimentation électrique de phase auto-produite - Google Patents

Système, procédé et appareil de compensation de courant de défaut de mise à la terre pour alimentation électrique de phase auto-produite Download PDF

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WO2021073323A1
WO2021073323A1 PCT/CN2020/114341 CN2020114341W WO2021073323A1 WO 2021073323 A1 WO2021073323 A1 WO 2021073323A1 CN 2020114341 W CN2020114341 W CN 2020114341W WO 2021073323 A1 WO2021073323 A1 WO 2021073323A1
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phase
power supply
ground fault
phase power
voltage
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PCT/CN2020/114341
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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刘红文
王科
赵现平
姜虹云
沈龙
张恭源
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云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院
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Publication of WO2021073323A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021073323A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1807—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using series compensators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of power distribution networks, and in particular to a ground fault current compensation system, method and device for self-produced power supply phase power.
  • the patent CN102074950A discloses a method of arc suppression and protection for a ground fault in a distribution network, which is similar to the Swedish Neutral arc suppression method.
  • the fault phase voltage is suppressed to zero by injecting current into the neutral point of the distribution network.
  • this method has metallic grounding, the fault phase voltage is 0.
  • How to control the fault voltage to 0? This method is only for high-resistance grounding faults. It is effective, and to control the faulty phase voltage, it is necessary to accurately control the amplitude and phase of the injected current, which is difficult to achieve.
  • the patent application number 201710550400.3 discloses an active step-down safe handling method for ground faults of ineffective grounding systems. This method sets taps on the side windings of the transformer system, and reduces faults by short-circuiting the taps of the faulty phase windings to the ground or through impedance. Phase voltage to achieve the purpose of limiting the current at the ground fault point. Essentially, this method is to create another grounding point on the bus side of the system when single-phase grounding occurs in the grid line to shunt the original single-phase grounding current. Obviously, this method has a poor compensation effect for metallic single-phase grounding faults. It is even invalid, and the malfunction of the device will cause a short circuit between phases.
  • the patents with the application number 201710544978.8 and the application number 201710544976.9 disclose the method of step-down arc suppression for the ground fault phase of the non-effective grounding system. Both methods are in the case of a single-phase ground fault. An external power supply is added between the line and the ground, or the neutral point and the ground, or the tap tap of the side winding of the neutral point ineffective grounding system and the ground, in order to reduce the fault voltage. The difference between the two methods is that one of the external power sources is a voltage source, and the other is a current source, so there is no essential difference.
  • phase voltage accuracy of the control system of the voltage source and the current source there are also the problem of phase voltage accuracy of the control system of the voltage source and the current source, and when the metal is short-circuited, the phase-to-ground voltage is zero and cannot be controlled.
  • the system line voltage will be changed, causing the system load (such as the distribution transformer) to fail to operate normally.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a ground fault current compensation system, method and device for self-produced power supply phase power supply, which converts the line power supply on the bus into a reverse phase power supply through a line-to-phase converter, combined with switching
  • the neutral point of the switch access system is connected to the fault phase to suppress the overvoltage of the fault phase to achieve the purpose of full compensation, which effectively solves the problems of complicated current control in the single-phase grounding fault of the power distribution system and the difficulty of complete compensation for metallic grounding.
  • the system is also equipped with a voltage transformation device to adjust the voltage of the line power supply after the phase-changing power supply, so as to achieve the purpose of full current and voltage compensation when a ground fault occurs. After the full compensation of the present invention, no arc occurs, avoiding the risk of personal electric shock and improving Improve power supply reliability and power supply security.
  • the present invention provides a ground fault current compensation system for self-produced power supply phase power, including a phase power supply generator, a phase power supply phase compensator, a switching switch, a controller, and a voltage transformation device.
  • Compensation capacitor bank reactor bank
  • series capacitor bank series reactor bank
  • voltage regulator voltage regulator
  • the lead-out point of the primary winding of the phase power supply generator is connected to the busbar of the grid system; the lead-out point of the secondary winding of the phase power supply generator is respectively connected with the corresponding phase connection point of the primary winding of the phase power supply phase compensator.
  • the secondary windings of the phase compensator of the phase power supply are respectively provided with a phase A compensation connection point, a phase B compensation connection point, a phase C compensation connection point and a neutral point n; the neutral point of the phase compensator of the phase power supply
  • the lead point n should be grounded.
  • the switching switch is provided with an A-phase switch connection point, a B-phase switch connection point, a C-phase switch connection point, and a common connection point.
  • phase A compensation connection point, the B phase compensation connection point, and the C phase compensation connection point of the secondary winding of the phase power supply phase compensator are respectively connected to the A phase switch connection point, the B phase switch connection point, and C of the switching switch. Phase switch connection point.
  • phase power supply generator is converted into phase voltage by the phase power supply generator to generate the power supply phase power.
  • the connection form of the phase power supply generator can be Dy or Zy or Yd or Yy, etc., but when the phase power supply generator secondary winding When the neutral point is led out, it must not be grounded. According to the transformer principle, there is a phase difference between the power supply phase power generated by the phase power supply generator and the power supply phase voltage of the grid system. And
  • n is an integer in the range of [0,11].
  • the rated voltage of the phase power supply generator has no principle conflict or influence on the realization of the present invention, but considering the existing mature technology and more convenient implementation of this technology, the recommended rated line voltage of the secondary winding of the phase power supply generator 0.4kV or above, and within the rated voltage of the grid system. But the voltage ratio of the primary winding and the secondary winding of the phase power generator is k.
  • the phase power supply phase compensator compensates the phase voltage phase difference generated by the phase power supply generator; its connection form can be Dyn or Zyn or Yyn, and its y neutral point must be grounded. There is a phase difference between the output line voltage and the input line voltage
  • the rated voltage of the primary winding of the phase power supply phase compensator is the rated voltage of the secondary winding generated by the phase power supply
  • the rated line voltage of the secondary winding of the phase power supply phase compensator is the rated voltage of the grid system
  • the voltage ratio of the primary winding and the secondary winding Is 1/k.
  • Table 1 shows the connection groups that can be used by some phase power supply generators and the connection groups that should be used by the corresponding phase power supply phase compensator.
  • phase power supply generators can use the connection groups used by the phase power supply phase compensator
  • the switching switch is a fast switching switch such as a mechanical switch and a power electronic switch.
  • phase power supply generator and the phase power supply phase compensator output the compensation current
  • a voltage drop is generated in the internal impedance of the phase power supply generator and the phase power supply phase compensator, so that the output terminal of the phase power supply phase compensator (ie The voltage amplitude obtained by the neutral point) will be lower than the voltage amplitude of the power supply of the grid system. Therefore, this technical solution is equipped with a voltage transformation device, and the voltage drop generated when the phase compensator of the phase power supply phase compensator outputs the compensation current is appropriately adjusted through the voltage transformation device. Adjust so that the voltage amplitude obtained at the output terminal (ie neutral point) of the phase compensator is equal to the phase voltage amplitude of the system power supply.
  • the voltage transformation device is a compensation capacitor bank (reactor bank), a series capacitor bank (series reactor bank) or a voltage regulator.
  • the voltage transformation device is a compensation capacitor bank (reactor bank)
  • the compensation capacitor bank is a group of delta-connected capacitor banks connected to the three-phase output end of the secondary winding of the phase compensator of the phase-to-phase power supply.
  • the compensation capacitor bank is delta-connected, and its leading ends are respectively connected to the phases of the phase power supply.
  • the capacitor capacity of each phase of the parallel voltage regulating capacitor bank can be calculated as follows:
  • C is the series regulating capacitor
  • ⁇ is the angular frequency of the grid system
  • Z L is the equivalent leakage reactance of the phase power supply generator and the phase power supply phase regulator.
  • the voltage transformation device is a series capacitor bank (series reactor bank):
  • the series regulating capacitor is connected in series between the common connection point of the switching switch and the neutral point of the grid system.
  • the common connection point of the switching switch is connected to one end of the primary winding of the series capacitor bank, and the other end of the primary winding of the series capacitor bank is grounded.
  • One end of the secondary secondary winding of the series capacitor bank is connected to the neutral point of the system, and the other end of the secondary side is grounded.
  • C is a series regulating capacitor
  • ⁇ is the angular frequency of the grid system
  • Z L is the equivalent leakage reactance of the phase power supply generator and the phase power supply phase regulator.
  • the transformer device when the transformer device is a voltage regulator, the common connection point of the switching switch is connected to one end of the primary winding of the voltage regulator, the other end of the primary winding of the voltage regulator is grounded, and one end of the secondary and secondary winding of the voltage regulator is connected to the system The neutral point is connected, and the other end of the secondary side is grounded.
  • the voltage regulator is connected in series between the common connection point of the switching switch and the neutral point of the grid system, and the voltage regulator is used to compensate the voltage input to the neutral point of the system, so that the neutral point voltage is equal to the phase voltage amplitude of the system power supply.
  • the voltage transformation device can be any combination of a compensation capacitor bank, a series capacitor bank and a voltage regulator.
  • the voltage transformation device can be any combination of a compensation capacitor bank, a series capacitor bank and a voltage regulator.
  • controller mainly includes a fault judgment module and a switch control module.
  • the fault judgment module judges whether the system has single-phase grounding and the grounding phase according to the system zero sequence voltage, three-phase voltage, line zero sequence current, etc.
  • the switch control module controls the corresponding switch of the switching switch to close according to the grounding phase determined by the fault occurrence judgment module.
  • the present invention also provides a ground fault current compensation method for self-produced power supply, which is specifically executed as follows:
  • the controller controls the switching switch to close the phase switch corresponding to the fault
  • the controller controls the switching switch to open;
  • the controller continues to judge whether the single-phase ground fault exists
  • the controller controls the switching switch to close the phase switch corresponding to the fault. If the single-phase grounding does not exist, the single-phase grounding compensation process ends.
  • the opening time of the switching switch is set according to the line working conditions, for example, the opening time is set according to the condition that there are many ground faults in the tree barrier of the line or other ground faults.
  • the present invention also provides a ground fault current compensation device for self-produced power supply phase power supply, including:
  • the fault judgment module is used to judge whether the system has single-phase grounding and judge the grounding phase
  • Switch control module used to control the switching switch to close the phase switch corresponding to the fault when a ground fault occurs in a certain phase
  • Voltage compensation module used for voltage compensation through the transformer device
  • the switch control module is also used to control the switching switch to open when the closing time of the switching switch reaches the set time;
  • the fault judgment module is also used to continue to judge whether a single-phase ground fault exists
  • the switch control module is also used to control the switching switch to close the phase switch corresponding to the fault if the ground fault still exists, and if the single-phase grounding does not exist, the single-phase grounding compensation process ends.
  • the present invention firstly proposes to pass the line voltage that remains unchanged before and after the single-phase grounding in the system through the phase power supply generator; the phase power supply phase compensator transforms the phase power supply of the system power supply to compensate for the single-phase grounding of the system. Active power and reactive power formed by ground impedance. To achieve the complete compensation purpose of suppressing the voltage and current of the single-phase ground fault point to zero. Under single-phase grounding faults, the system can run with power, and there is no risk of electric shock or arcing at the single-phase grounding fault point; and the method provided by the present invention only controls the opening and closing of the switch, which greatly simplifies the single-phase grounding fault full compensation technology Control Method.
  • the technical solution proposed by the present invention obtains a power supply with the phase voltage opposite to the system power supply and the same amplitude from the system through passive components, which can fully compensate the single-phase ground fault current, eliminate grounding arcs, and ensure power supply to the grid system Reliability, avoiding the risk of personal electric shock. Allow the grid system to continuously supply power and improve the safety of power supply.
  • the compensation system proposed by the present invention can use passive components to obtain components whose phase is opposite to the phase voltage of the power supply of the system fault phase, without phase adjustment, and only need to adjust the voltage amplitude and switch corresponding switches.
  • passive components to obtain components whose phase is opposite to the phase voltage of the power supply of the system fault phase, without phase adjustment, and only need to adjust the voltage amplitude and switch corresponding switches.
  • the control method is simpler, and it has incomparable technology.
  • components that can operate stably for a long time such as transformers, voltage regulators, capacitors, switches, etc., which are very mature in the prior art, are used, and the stability is significantly better than that of easily damaged power electronic devices; and the maintenance is complicated.
  • the components used in this technical solution are easy to maintain or even maintenance-free common and mature components of the power system; the components used in this technical solution have mature technology and low cost; therefore, they are comparable to existing power electronic components.
  • the hardware cost, R&D cost and maintenance cost in the implementation of this technical solution are relatively low, and the stability is high, and the maintenance cost is low.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a ground fault current compensation system for self-produced power supply of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the compensation voltage structure of a series capacitor bank of a self-produced power supply ground fault current compensation system of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the compensation voltage structure of the compensation capacitor bank of a ground fault current compensation system of self-produced power supply of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the voltage regulator compensation voltage structure of a self-produced power supply ground fault current compensation system of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the generation and conversion process of the phase power supply of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a ground fault current compensation method for self-produced power supply of the present invention.
  • phase power supply generator 1 phase power supply phase compensator 2, switching switch 3, controller 4, transformer device 5, compensation capacitor bank (compensation reactor) 51, series capacitor bank (series reactor bank) 52. Voltage regulator 53 and line-to-phase converter 6.
  • FIG. 1 the ground fault current compensation system, method and device of the self-produced power supply phase power supply of the present invention are shown in Fig. 1:
  • a typical embodiment is given; it includes a phase power supply generator 1, a phase power supply phase compensator 2, a switching switch 3, a controller 4, and a voltage transformer 5.
  • Phase power supply generator 1 is a Dy11-connected transformer, connected to the bus bar to convert the bus line voltage into phase voltage;
  • Phase power supply phase compensator 2 is a Dyn7-connected transformer, connected to the phase power supply generator 1 is used to compensate the phase;
  • the switching switch 3 is connected to the phase compensator 2 of the phase power supply, and the switching is controlled by the controller 4.
  • controller 4 is used to control the switching of the switching switch 3 and determine the fault phase
  • one end of the transformer device 5 is connected to the switching switch 3, and the other end is connected to the neutral point of the bus bar.
  • the bus power supply line voltages are respectively U AB , U BC , U CA
  • the bus power supply phase voltages are U A , U B , U C, respectively
  • the line voltages output by the phase power supply generator 1 are recorded respectively U ab1 , U bc1 , U ca1
  • the phase voltages are U a1 , U b1 , U c1 , respectively.
  • Dy11 connects the transformers of the group, and the secondary side line voltage is 30° ahead of the primary side voltage, that is, the busbar voltage
  • the busbar voltages U AB , U BC and U CA are converted into phase voltages U a1 , U b1 , U c1 , and the phase angles of U ab1 , U bc1 , and U ca1 respectively lead U AB , U BC , U CA angle 30° as formula 1:
  • the line voltage output by the phase compensator 2 of the phase- indicating power supply is U ab2, U bc2 , U ca2 , and the phase voltages are U a2 , U b2 , U c2 respectively .
  • Dyn7 connects the transformers of the group, and the secondary side line voltage It lags behind the primary side line voltage by 210°, that is, the phase angles of U ab2 , U bc2 , and U ca2 lag behind U ab1 , U bc1 , U ca1 by 210° respectively, which can be expressed as formula 3:
  • Equation 4 The voltage ratio of the primary winding to the secondary winding of the phase power supply phase compensator 2 is 1/k, so as Equation 4:
  • the busbar voltages U AB , U BC , and U CA are transmitted through the phase power supply generator 1 and the phase power supply phase compensator 2, and the phases of U ab2 , U bc2 and U ca2 are opposite. Therefore, the phases of the busbar side of the system
  • the power supply voltages U A , U B , and U C are opposite in phase to U a2 , U b2 , and U c2 transmitted by the phase power supply generator 1 and the phase power supply phase compensator 2, and the amplitudes are equal.
  • phase A single-phase grounding occurs in the system, close the phase A switch of switching switch 3, U a2 will be the neutral point voltage U 0 through the transformer 5, U 0 and U A are opposite in phase, with equal amplitude, and natural output
  • the active and reactive power that needs to be compensated Therefore, the ground-to-ground voltage is zero, the system ground phase voltage is zero, and the ground point current is also zero, achieving the purpose of fully compensating the ground current and ensuring the reliability and safety of power supply.
  • FIG. 5 a schematic diagram of voltage phase changes during the generation and conversion of the phase power supply of the present invention.
  • the busbar voltages U AB , U BC , U CA are converted into phase voltages U a1 , U b1 , U c1 , and the phase angles of U ab1 , U bc1 , U ca1 are respectively The angles of U AB , U BC , and U CA are advanced by 30°.
  • U a2 , U b2 , U c2 and the system bus side phase power supply voltage U A , U B , U C have opposite phases.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un système, un procédé et un appareil de compensation de courant de défaut de mise à la terre pour une source d'énergie à phase d'alimentation électrique auto-produite. Le système comprend un générateur d'alimentation électrique de phase (1), un compensateur de phase d'alimentation électrique de phase (2), un commutateur à découpage (3), un dispositif de commande (4), et un dispositif de transformation de tension (5). Une extrémité de sortie du compensateur de phase d'alimentation électrique de phase (2) est connectée à un point neutre de système au moyen du commutateur à découpage (3). Le système peut générer passivement une alimentation électrique de phase de réseau de distribution d'énergie et une alimentation électrique de phase harmonique et entrer une alimentation électrique de phase inverse et une alimentation électrique de phase harmonique dans le système selon une logique de défaut. La compensation complète du courant réactif, du courant harmonique et du courant actif pour le défaut de mise à la terre du réseau de distribution d'énergie est obtenue, le défaut selon lequel la compensation est incomplète par adoption d'un procédé d'injection d'inversion d'un dispositif électronique d'alimentation après que l'électricité a été prise d'un système de bus est surmonté, et les problèmes selon lesquels un procédé d'inversion active a un mauvais effet de compensation de mise à la terre métallique et une bobine de suppression d'arc classique ne peut pas réaliser une compensation complète sont résolus. Le système est efficace et précis et peut compenser complètement une surtension et une surintensité générées par un défaut de mise à la terre, la sécurité d'un réseau électrique et d'un équipement est garantie, et le risque de choc électrique d'un corps humain est complètement évité.
PCT/CN2020/114341 2019-10-18 2020-09-10 Système, procédé et appareil de compensation de courant de défaut de mise à la terre pour alimentation électrique de phase auto-produite WO2021073323A1 (fr)

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CN111505440B (zh) * 2020-04-27 2022-09-20 云南拓普特种电源科技有限公司 一种基于d类功放的接地故障检测以及保护系统及方法
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