WO2021073007A1

WO2021073007A1 - Indexable tool bit having dredging and chip removal structure

Info

Publication number: WO2021073007A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/071722
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李国超; 许汉中; 谢占成; 冯丰; 周宏根; 景旭文; 田桂中; 曹利平; 赵亚君
Original assignee: 江苏科技大学
Priority date: 2019-10-17
Filing date: 2020-01-13
Publication date: 2021-04-22
Also published as: CN110842232A

Abstract

An indexable tool bit having a dredging and chip removal structure, comprising a tool bit blade body (7). The contour of the horizontal cross section of the tool bit blade body (7) is square. Four cutting blades are provided at outer edges of four sides of a square blade. Both primary cutting blades (1) and secondary cutting blades (3) are provided with negative chamfers. Tapered protrusions (5) are established on front blade surfaces in the middle of the primary cutting blades (1) and the secondary cutting blades (3). Grooves are respectively formed from the tapered protrusions to cutting blade parts on both sides as dredging grooves. The indexable tool bit having a dredging and chip removal structure meets the dredging and chip removal requirements of a hard turning processing, reduces the turning cost, achieves rapid conversion, enables one blade to be used for multiple times, and improves the use efficiency.

Description

Indexable turning tool with chip-removing structure

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of tool manufacturing, in particular to an indexable turning tool with a chip-removing structure.

Background technique

Titanium alloys, hardened steels, nickel-based superalloys, etc. are typical structural materials with high hardness, high strength, and corrosion resistance, which are widely used in production with high requirements for hardness and wear resistance. Grinding technology is generally used for finishing, but grinding has defects such as low processing efficiency, high cost, and large pollution. With the continuous development of hard turning technology, a more efficient solution is provided for the finishing of typical difficult-to-machine materials with high hardness and high strength materials. In the hard cutting process, due to the difficulty of chip discharge, the actual problems such as high cutting force, high cutting temperature, short tool life, difficult chip control, low product surface quality, and low processing efficiency greatly affect the processing quality of parts. And efficiency. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the above problems. One of the effective ways to solve these problems is to change the geometric structure of the tool to produce a tool that meets the processing requirements. How to design a tool geometry with excellent cutting performance, low cost and high machining efficiency is of great significance to improve the surface quality and efficiency of difficult-to-machine materials.

Summary of the invention

Objective of the invention: The objective of the present invention is to provide an indexable turning tool with a chip-removing structure to overcome the poor chip-removing performance, high cutting force, and high cutting force of the turning tool in the prior art during the cutting of difficult-to-machine materials. The defects of high cutting temperature, difficult chip control, short tool life, low product surface quality, and low processing efficiency enable turning tools to improve chip discharge capacity, reduce cutting force, cutting temperature, and reduce tools during hard turning processing. The wear and tear improves the quality of the processed surface and the service life of the blade.

Technical solution: In order to achieve the above objectives, the indexable turning tool with a chip-removing structure of the present invention includes a turning blade body 7, which is characterized in that: the horizontal cross-section of the turning blade body is a square; The four corners of the blade are provided with circular arc tips 2, and the outer edges of the four sides are provided with four cutting edges, of which two main cutting edges 1 are set on the two parallel sides of the square blade. The cutting edge 3 is set on the other two parallel opposite sides of the square blade; the main cutting edge 1 and the secondary cutting edge 3 are both equipped with negative chamfers, and the cutting edge is on the rake face between the main cutting edge 3 and the secondary cutting edge 1. A tapered protrusion 5 is provided from the arc part to the center of the turning blade body.

Preferably, the highest point of the tapered protrusion 5 is located on the horizontal plane where the main cutting edge 3 and the secondary cutting edge 1 are located.

Preferably, the tapered protrusions 5 to the cutting edge portions on both sides respectively form grooves 4.

Preferably, the bottom surface of the main body of the square turning blade is the blade mounting and supporting surface, and striped heat dissipation grooves 8 are provided on the blade mounting and supporting surface.

Preferably, a fastening screw hole 6 is provided at the geometric center of the main body of the square turning blade.

Preferably, the width of the negative chamfer at the cutting edge is 0.02 mm.

Preferably, the width of the heat dissipation groove on the ground of the turning blade is 0.5 mm.

Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

1. A negative chamfer with a width of 0.02mm is designed on the cutting edge of the blade. Its design can improve the strength of the cutting edge of the blade, and to a certain extent can also promote the curling deformation of the chips, which is conducive to the outflow of the chips, thereby improving the processing Stability and surface processing quality of the workpiece;

2. There is a tapered protrusion from the arc part of the nose of the rake face to the center of the turning blade body. The protrusion guides the chip removal direction of the chips, promotes the curling of the chips, and improves the ability of the chips to flow out of the rake face. It can also reduce the contact area between the chip and the rake face, reduce the friction between the chip and the rake face, thereby reducing the cutting force. Improve the service life of the tool. At the same time, the protruding part can also prevent chips from entering the area near the secondary cutting edge during cutting, reducing the scratches of chips on the machined surface, and improving the quality of the machined surface of the workpiece;

3. The grooves formed by the tapered protruding part up to the cutting edges on both sides are the chip flutes. When the chips are channeled by the middle protruding part, they can be smoothly discharged from the chip flutes, and the chips can be taken away during cutting. The generated heat has a certain cooling effect on the turning blades. If cutting fluid is used, the chip flute can also store a certain amount of cutting fluid, so that the cutting fluid can better take away the heat generated during cutting and reduce the temperature of the turning insert;

4. Striped cooling grooves are designed on the bottom of the turning blades. The texture cooling grooves can increase the effective heat dissipation area at the bottom of the turning blades, promote the air flow at the bottom of the turning blades, and have a certain cooling effect on the turning blades. And when cutting fluid is used, the textured heat sink at the bottom can also store a certain amount of cutting fluid, which can cool down the bottom of the turning insert and the tool bar to a certain extent;

5. The material cost of cutting tools used for semi-finishing and finishing of high-hard materials is relatively high. This blade is designed as an indexable blade. When one blade tip is worn or blunt, another blade tip can be used after indexing the blade. This saves costs and increases the service life of the blade.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a front view of the turning tool of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a rear view of the turning tool of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 1.

Detailed ways

The technical scheme of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the turning tool includes a blade body 7, and the horizontal cross-section of the turning blade body is square; the geometric center of the square turning blade body is provided with a fastening screw hole 6, and the thickness of the turning blade body is 8mm, the entire turning blade is fixed on the turning tool shank by fastening screws. The four corners of the square blade are all provided with arc blade tips 2, and the blade tip arc of the four corners of the turning blade body is 0.1mm. Four cutting edges are provided on the outer edges of the four sides, of which two main cutting edges 1 are arranged on two parallel opposite sides of the square blade, and two minor cutting edges 3 are arranged on the other two parallel opposite sides of the square blade On; the main cutting edge 1 and the secondary cutting edge 3 are equipped with negative chamfers. The width of the negative chamfer at the cutting edge is 0.02mm.

A tapered protruding part 5 is established on the rake surface between the main cutting edge 3 and the secondary cutting edge 1, which is used to guide the flow direction of the chips from the rake surface. The highest point of the tapered protrusion is located on the horizontal plane where the main cutting edge 3 and the secondary cutting edge 1 are located. This protruding part smooths the chip removal direction of the chips, promotes the curling of the chips, improves the ability of the chips to flow from the rake face, and can also reduce the contact area between the chips and the rake face, and reduce the chip and the rake face. The friction between the two, thereby reducing the cutting force. Improve the service life of the tool. At the same time, the protruding part can also prevent the chips from entering the area near the secondary cutting edge during cutting, reduce the scratches of the chips on the machined surface, and improve the quality of the machined surface of the workpiece.

The protruding part up to the cutting edges on both sides respectively form grooves 4 as chip flutes. When the chips are channeled by the middle protrusion in the chip evacuation direction, they can be smoothly discharged from the chip evacuation groove. At the same time, the chips can take away the heat generated during cutting and have a certain cooling effect on the turning insert. If cutting fluid is used, the chip flute can also store a certain amount of cutting fluid, so that the cutting fluid can better take away the heat generated during cutting and reduce the temperature of the turning insert. The included angle range of the chip flutes 2A on both sides is 20°～40°.

The bottom surface of the main body of the square turning blade is the blade mounting support surface, and striped heat dissipation grooves 8 are provided on this surface. The width of the heat dissipation groove on the bottom surface of the turning blade is 0.5mm. The textured heat sink can increase the effective heat dissipation area at the bottom of the turning blade, promote the flow of air at the bottom of the turning blade, and have a certain cooling effect on the turning blade. And when cutting fluid is used, the textured heat sink at the bottom can also store a certain amount of cutting fluid, which can cool down the bottom of the turning insert and the tool bar to a certain extent.

In addition, due to the high material cost of cutting tools used for semi-finishing and finishing of high-hard materials, this blade is designed as an indexable blade. When a tool tip is worn or blunt, another tool can be used after indexing the blade. Sharp, which saves cost and improves the service life of the blade.

Claims

An indexable turning tool with a structure for guiding and removing chips, comprising a turning blade body 7, characterized in that: the horizontal cross-section of the turning blade body is a square; the four corners of the square blade are provided with arc cutters Point 2, four cutting edges are provided at the outer edges of the four sides, of which two main cutting edges 1 are set on two parallel sides of the square blade, and two minor cutting edges 3 are set on the other two square blades. On the parallel opposite sides; both the main cutting edge 1 and the secondary cutting edge 3 are provided with negative chamfers, and a taper is provided on the rake surface between the main cutting edge 3 and the secondary cutting edge 1 from the arc of the tool tip to the center of the turning insert body形突5。 Shaped protrusions 5.
The indexable turning tool with a chip-removing structure according to claim 1, wherein the highest point of the tapered protrusion 5 is located on the horizontal plane where the main cutting edge 3 and the secondary cutting edge 1 are located.
The indexable turning tool with a chip-removing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the tapered protrusions 5 to the cutting edges on both sides respectively form grooves 4.
The indexable turning tool with a chip-removing structure according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the main body of the square turning blade is a blade mounting support surface, and striped heat dissipation grooves 8 are provided on the blade mounting support surface.
The indexable turning tool with a chip-removing structure according to claim 1, wherein a fastening screw hole 6 is provided at the geometric center of the main body of the square turning blade.
The indexable turning tool with a chip-removing structure according to claim 1, wherein the width of the negative chamfer at the cutting edge is 0.02 mm.
The indexable turning tool with a chip-removing structure according to claim 1, wherein the heat dissipation groove on the ground of the turning insert has a groove width of 0.5 mm.