WO2021072989A1 - 单工质联合循环热泵装置 - Google Patents

单工质联合循环热泵装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021072989A1
WO2021072989A1 PCT/CN2020/000253 CN2020000253W WO2021072989A1 WO 2021072989 A1 WO2021072989 A1 WO 2021072989A1 CN 2020000253 W CN2020000253 W CN 2020000253W WO 2021072989 A1 WO2021072989 A1 WO 2021072989A1
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Prior art keywords
compressor
regenerator
evaporator
expander
medium channel
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PCT/CN2020/000253
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李华玉
李鸿瑞
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李华玉
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Publication of WO2021072989A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021072989A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of refrigeration and heat pumps.
  • Cold demand, heat demand and power demand are common in human life and production; among them, the use of mechanical energy to convert heat energy is an important way to achieve cooling and efficient heating.
  • the temperature of the cooling medium changes during refrigeration, and the temperature of the heated medium often changes during heating; when using mechanical energy to heat, often the heated medium has the dual characteristics of variable temperature and high temperature at the same time, which makes the use of a single Thermal cycle theory has many problems such as unreasonable performance index, low heating parameters, high compression ratio, and too much working pressure when it realizes cooling or heating.
  • the temperature difference between the working fluid and the heated medium loses a lot; at the same time, the condensate loses a lot in the depressurization process or is used
  • the cost is high; when the supercritical working condition is adopted, the compression ratio is high, which makes the manufacturing cost of the compressor high and the safety is reduced; in both cases, it is difficult to eliminate the side effects of obtaining low-temperature heat load.
  • the gas compression heat pump device based on the reverse Brayton cycle requires a relatively low compression, which limits the improvement of heating parameters; at the same time, the low temperature process is variable temperature, which makes the low temperature link of cooling or heating often large The temperature difference loss, the performance index is not ideal.
  • the present invention proposes a single working substance combined cycle heat pump device.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a single working substance combined cycle heat pump device.
  • the specific content of the invention is described as follows:
  • the single working substance combined cycle heat pump device is mainly composed of a compressor, an expander, a second compressor, a throttle valve, a third compressor, a heater, an evaporator and a regenerator; the compressor has a cycle After the mass channel is connected to the heat supply, it is divided into two paths-the first path is connected to the heat regenerator through the expander, the second path is directly connected to the second compressor, and the second compressor also has a circulating working fluid path and a heat regenerator.
  • the regenerator has a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator through a throttle valve, and the evaporator has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the regenerator through a third compressor, and the regenerator also has a circulating working medium channel and compression
  • the heat supply device also has a heated medium channel connected to the outside, and the evaporator has a low temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside.
  • the expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form a single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device.
  • Single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device mainly composed of compressor, expander, second compressor, throttle valve, third compressor, heat supply, evaporator, regenerator and second heat supply ;
  • the compressor has a circulating working medium channel connected to the heat supplier, it is divided into two paths-the first path is connected to the regenerator through the expander, the second path is directly connected to the second compressor, and the second compressor also has a circulating process.
  • the mass passage is connected to the regenerator through the second heat supply, and then the condensate pipeline of the regenerator is connected to the evaporator through the throttle valve, and the evaporator has a circulating working fluid passage that communicates with the regenerator through the third compressor ,
  • the regenerator also has a circulating working medium channel to communicate with the compressor; the heat supply and the second heat supply also have a heated medium channel to communicate with the outside, the evaporator also has a low-temperature heat medium channel to communicate with the outside, and the expander is connected
  • the compressor also transmits power to form a single working substance combined cycle heat pump device.
  • Single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device mainly composed of compressor, expander, second compressor, throttle valve, third compressor, heat supply, evaporator, regenerator, nozzle and second heat recovery Composed of the compressor; the compressor has a circulating working medium channel connected to the heater and then divided into two paths-the first way is connected with the expander, the second way is connected with the second compressor, and the second compressor has a circulating working medium channel After the second regenerator is connected to the regenerator, it is divided into two paths-the first path is drawn from the middle or the end of the regenerator and is connected to the expander through the middle inlet port after passing through the nozzle and the second regenerator The second path is connected to the evaporator through a throttle valve after being led out from the end of the regenerator.
  • the evaporator also has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the regenerator through a third compressor.
  • the expander also has a circulating working medium channel and heat recovery.
  • the regenerator also has a circulating working medium channel to communicate with the compressor; the heater also has a heated medium channel to communicate with the outside, the evaporator also has a low-temperature heat medium channel to communicate with the outside, and the expander connects to the compressor and transmits power , Forming a single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device.
  • Single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device mainly composed of compressor, expander, second compressor, throttle valve, third compressor, heat supply, evaporator, regenerator and reheater; compression
  • the machine has a circulating working medium channel connected to the heat supplier, it is divided into two paths-the first way is connected to the expander, the expander and the circulating working medium channel are connected to the expander through the reheater, and the expander and the circulating working medium channel are connected Connected to the regenerator, the second path is directly connected to the second compressor, the second compressor also has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the regenerator through the reheater, and then the regenerator has a condensate pipeline through the throttle valve Connected with the evaporator, the evaporator has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the heat regenerator through the third compressor, and the regenerator has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the compressor; the heat supplier also has a heated medium channel that communicates with the outside , The evaporator also has
  • Single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device mainly composed of compressor, expander, second compressor, throttle valve, third compressor, heat supply, evaporator, regenerator and high temperature regenerator;
  • the compressor has a circulating working medium channel that is connected to the high-temperature regenerator through the heat supply and is divided into two paths-the first path is connected to the regenerator through the expander, the second path is directly connected to the second compressor, and the second compressor After the circulating working medium channel is connected to the regenerator, the regenerator has a condensate pipeline to communicate with the evaporator through a throttle valve.
  • the evaporator also has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the regenerator through the third compressor.
  • the heat exchanger also has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the compressor through a high-temperature regenerator; the heater also has a heated medium channel that communicates with the outside, the evaporator also has a low-temperature heat medium channel that communicates with the outside, and the expander connects to the compressor and transmits Power, forming a single working substance combined cycle heat pump device.
  • Single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device mainly composed of compressor, expander, second compressor, throttle valve, third compressor, heat supply, evaporator, regenerator, second heat supply and high temperature Composed of a regenerator;
  • the compressor has a circulating working fluid channel that is connected to the high-temperature regenerator through the heat supply and is divided into two paths-the first path is connected to the regenerator through the expander, and the second path is directly connected to the second compressor
  • the second compressor also has a circulating working medium channel through the second heat supply device and the regenerator, after which the regenerator has a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator through a throttle valve, and the evaporator also has a circulating working medium channel.
  • the third compressor is connected to the heat regenerator, and the regenerator also has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the compressor through the high-temperature regenerator; the heat supply and the second heat supply also have respectively heated medium channels to communicate with the outside, The evaporator also has a low-temperature heat medium channel that communicates with the outside, and the expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form a single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device.
  • Single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device mainly composed of compressor, expander, second compressor, throttle valve, third compressor, heat supply, evaporator, regenerator, nozzle, second heat recovery Composed of a high-temperature regenerator and a high-temperature regenerator;
  • the compressor has a circulating working medium channel that is connected to the high-temperature regenerator through the heat supply and is divided into two paths-the first path is connected to the expander, and the second path is directly connected to the second compressor ,
  • the second compressor also has a circulating working medium channel through the second regenerator and after it is connected to the regenerator, it is divided into two paths-the first path leads from the middle or the end of the regenerator and passes through the nozzle and the second regenerator Then it communicates with the expander through the middle intake port, and the second path is led out from the end of the regenerator to communicate with the evaporator through the throttle valve.
  • the evaporator also has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the regenerator through the third compressor.
  • the expander also has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the heat regenerator, and the regenerator also has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the compressor through the high-temperature regenerator;
  • the heat supplier also has a heated medium channel that communicates with the outside, and the evaporator also
  • the low-temperature heat medium channel is connected to the outside, and the expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form a single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device.
  • Single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device mainly composed of compressor, expander, second compressor, throttle valve, third compressor, heat supply, evaporator, reheater, reheater and high temperature heat recovery Composed of the compressor; the compressor has a circulating working medium channel through the heat supply and the high-temperature regenerator, and then divided into two paths-the first way is connected with the expander, the expander and the circulating working medium channel through the reheater and the expander
  • the communication and expansion machine also has a circulating working medium channel to communicate with the regenerator, the second path is directly connected with the second compressor, and the second compressor also has a circulating working medium channel through the reheater and the regenerator after the regenerator is connected
  • the condensate pipeline is connected to the evaporator through the throttle valve, and the evaporator has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the regenerator through the third compressor, and the regenerator also has a circulating working medium channel through the high-temperature regenerator and compression
  • the heat supply device also has a heated
  • the single-working-substance combined-cycle heat pump device is one of the single-working-substance combined-cycle heat pump devices described in items 1-8, adding a new compressor and a new heat supply, and the compressor has a cycle
  • the communication between the working medium channel and the heater is adjusted so that the compressor has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the newly added compressor through the newly added heater, and the newly added compressor has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the heater, and the additional heat is supplied
  • the device also has a heated medium channel that communicates with the outside to form a single working substance combined cycle heat pump device.
  • the single-working-substance combined-cycle heat pump device is one of the single-working-substance combined-cycle heat pump devices described in items 1-8, adding a new heater and a new expander, and the compressor has a cycle
  • the communication between the working fluid channel and the heat supply is adjusted so that the compressor has a circulating working fluid channel that is connected to the newly added expander through the newly added heat supply device, and the newly added expander has a circulating working fluid channel that communicates with the heat supply, and the new expander is added
  • the single-working-substance combined-cycle heat pump device is one of the single-working-substance combined-cycle heat pump devices described in items 1-10.
  • the throttle valve is eliminated, the turbine is added, and the regenerator has a condensate pipeline.
  • the throttle valve is connected to the evaporator and adjusted so that the regenerator has a condensate pipeline connected to the evaporator via a turbine, and the turbine is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form a single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device.
  • the single working substance combined cycle heat pump device is any one of the single working substance combined cycle heat pump devices described in items 1-10.
  • the evaporator and the throttle valve are eliminated, and the low temperature heat between the evaporator and the outside is eliminated.
  • the medium channel connects the evaporator with the circulating working medium channel through the third compressor to the regenerator and adjusts it to the external steam channel through the third compressor to communicate with the regenerator, and the condensate pipeline of the regenerator is throttled
  • the valve and the evaporator are connected and adjusted so that the regenerator has a condensate pipeline to communicate with the outside, forming a single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device.
  • the single working substance combined cycle heat pump device is any one of the single working substance combined cycle heat pump devices described in items 1-10.
  • the throttle valve and the third compressor are eliminated, and new nozzles and new compressors are added.
  • the condensate pipeline of the regenerator is connected to the evaporator through the throttle valve and adjusted to that the condensate pipeline of the regenerator is connected to the evaporator through the new nozzle, and the evaporator has a circulating working fluid.
  • the passage is connected to the heat regenerator through the third compressor and adjusted to a circulating working fluid passage of the evaporator which is connected to the heat regenerator through the newly added dual-energy compressor to form a single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device.
  • Figure 1/11 is the first principle thermal system diagram of the single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 2/11 is the second principle thermal system diagram of the single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 3/11 is the third principle thermal system diagram of the single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 4/11 is a fourth principle thermal system diagram of the single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 5/11 is the fifth principle thermal system diagram of the single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 6/11 is the sixth principle thermal system diagram of the single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 7/11 is the seventh principle thermal system diagram of the single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 8/11 is a schematic diagram of the eighth principle thermal system of the single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 9/11 is a diagram of the ninth principle thermal system of the single-working-substance combined cycle heat pump device provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 10/11 is the tenth principle thermal system diagram of the single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 11/11 is the eleventh principle thermal system diagram of the single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device provided by the present invention.
  • compressor 1 has a circulating working fluid channel After communicating with the heat supply 6, it is divided into two paths—the first path communicates with the regenerator 8 through the expander 2, the second path directly communicates with the second compressor 3, and the second compressor 3 also has a circulating working medium channel and
  • the regenerator 8 has a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator 7 through the throttle valve 4, and the evaporator 7 also has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the regenerator 8 through the third compressor 5.
  • the heat exchanger 8 also has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the compressor 1; the heater 6 also has a heated medium channel that communicates with the outside, the evaporator 7 has a low-temperature heat medium channel that communicates with the outside, and the expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and Transmission power.
  • the circulating working fluid discharged by the expander 2 and the third compressor 5 enters the regenerator 8 to absorb heat and increase the temperature, and then enters the compressor 1 to increase the pressure and increase the pressure; the circulating working fluid discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the heating supply
  • the heat is released by the device 6 and then divided into two paths-the first path flows through the expander 2 to reduce pressure and then enters the regenerator 8, and the second path flows through the second compressor 3 to increase the pressure and increase the temperature, and then flow through the regenerator.
  • the circulating working fluid discharged by the expander 2 and the third compressor 5 enters the regenerator 8 to absorb heat and increase the temperature, and then enters the compressor 1 to increase the pressure and increase the pressure; the circulating working fluid discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the heating supply
  • the heat is released by the device 6 and then divided into two paths-the first path flows through the expander 2 to reduce pressure and then enters the regenerator 8, and the second path flows through the second compressor 3 to increase the pressure and increase the temperature, and then flow through the regenerator.
  • the heat supply 6 and the second heat supply 10 also have a medium to be heated channel that communicates with the outside, respectively.
  • the evaporator 7 also has a low-temperature heat medium channel to communicate with the outside, and the expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.
  • the circulating working fluid discharged by the expander 2 and the third compressor 5 enters the regenerator 8 to absorb heat and increase the temperature, and then enters the compressor 1 to increase the pressure and increase the pressure; the circulating working fluid discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the heating supply
  • the heat is released by the compressor 6 and then divided into two paths—the first path flows through the expander 2 to reduce pressure and then enters the regenerator 8, and the second path flows through the second compressor 3 to increase the pressure and increase the temperature and flow through the second supply.
  • the heat exchanger 10 and the regenerator 8 gradually release heat and condense, flow through the throttle valve 4 to throttle and reduce pressure and enter the evaporator 7; the circulating working fluid entering the evaporator 7 absorbs heat and vaporizes, and flows through the third compressor 5 to boost the pressure
  • the second compressor 3 and the third compressor 5 provide power to form a single working substance combined cycle heat pump device.
  • Compressor 1 has a circulating working medium channel and is connected to the heater 6 and then divided into two paths-the first path is connected with the expander 2, the second path is connected with the second compressor 3, and the second compressor 3 has a cycle
  • the mass passage is connected to the regenerator 8 through the second regenerator 12 and then divided into two paths-the first path is led out from the middle or the end of the regenerator 8 and passes through the nozzle 11 and the second regenerator 12 and then passes through the middle.
  • the intake port is connected to the expander 2, and the second path is led from the end of the regenerator 8 to the evaporator 7 through the throttle valve 4, and the evaporator 7 also has a circulating working fluid channel through the third compressor 5 and the regenerator 8 is connected, the expander 2 has a circulating working medium channel to communicate with the regenerator 8, and the regenerator 8 has a circulating working medium channel to communicate with the compressor 1; the heat supply 6 also has a heated medium channel that communicates with the outside and evaporates
  • the device 7 also has a low-temperature heat medium channel to communicate with the outside, and the expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.
  • the circulating working fluid discharged by the expander 2 and the third compressor 5 enters the regenerator 8 to absorb heat and increase the temperature, and then enters the compressor 1 to increase the pressure and increase the pressure; the circulating working fluid discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the heating supply Then it is divided into two paths-the first path flows through the expander 2 to reduce pressure and then enters the regenerator 8, and the second path flows through the second compressor 3 to boost the pressure and heat up, and then flows through the second circuit.
  • the heat exchanger 12 releases heat, and then enters the regenerator 8 to release heat and is partially or completely condensed and then divided into two paths-the first path flows through the nozzle 11 to reduce the pressure and increase the speed, and flows through the second regenerator 12 to absorb Heat, enters the expander 2 through the intermediate intake port to reduce pressure, and then enters the regenerator 8.
  • the second condensate or the condensate after continuing to release heat enters the evaporator 7 after being throttled and depressurized by the throttle valve 4 ;
  • the circulating working fluid entering the evaporator 7 absorbs heat and vaporizes, flows through the third compressor 5 to increase the pressure, and then enters the regenerator 8; the heated medium passes through the heat supply 6 to obtain high temperature heat load, and the low temperature heat medium passes through the evaporator 7 Provides low-temperature heat load, and the external and expander 2 jointly provide power to the compressor 1, the second compressor 3 and the third compressor 5 to form a single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device.
  • compressor 1 has The circulating working fluid channel is connected to the heat supply 6 and then divided into two paths-the first way is connected to the expander 2, the expander 2 and the circulating working fluid channel is connected to the expander 2 and the expander 2 through the reheater 13
  • the circulating working medium channel is connected with the regenerator 8, the second path is directly connected with the second compressor 3, and the second compressor 3 also has a circulating working medium channel through the reheater 13 and the regenerator 8 after the regenerator 8 is connected
  • the condensate pipeline is connected to the evaporator 7 through the throttle valve 4, and the evaporator 7 has a circulating working medium channel which communicates with the regenerator 8 through the third compressor 5.
  • the regenerator 8 also has a circulating working medium channel and The compressor 1 is connected; the heater 6 also has a heated medium channel to communicate with the outside, the evaporator 7 also has a low-temperature heat medium channel to communicate with the outside, and the expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.
  • the circulating working fluid discharged by the expander 2 and the third compressor 5 enters the regenerator 8 to absorb heat and increase the temperature, and then enters the compressor 1 to increase the pressure and increase the pressure; the circulating working fluid discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the heating supply Then it is divided into two ways-the first way enters the expander 2 to reduce pressure to a certain extent, then flows through the reheater 13 to absorb heat, enters the expander 2 to continue to reduce pressure and work, and then enters the regenerator 8.
  • the second path flows through the second compressor 3 to boost pressure, flows through the reheater 13 and the regenerator 8 to gradually release heat and condense, flows through the throttle valve 4 to throttle and reduce pressure, and then enters the evaporator 7;
  • the circulating working fluid of the evaporator 7 absorbs heat and vaporizes, flows through the third compressor 5 to increase the pressure, and then enters the regenerator 8; the heated medium obtains the high temperature heat load through the heat supply 6 and the low temperature heat medium is provided by the evaporator 7
  • the outside and the expander 2 jointly provide power to the compressor 1, the second compressor 3 and the third compressor 5 to form a single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device.
  • the circulating working fluid channel is connected to the high-temperature regenerator 14 through the heat supply 6 and then divided into two paths—the first path is connected to the regenerator 8 through the expander 2, the second path is directly connected to the second compressor 3, and the second path is directly connected to the second compressor 3.
  • the second compressor 3 also has a circulating working medium channel connected with the regenerator 8.
  • the evaporator 7 After the regenerator 8 has a condensate pipeline connected with the evaporator 7 through the throttle valve 4, the evaporator 7 also has a circulating working medium channel through the third
  • the compressor 5 is in communication with the regenerator 8.
  • the regenerator 8 also has a circulating working medium channel that communicates with the compressor 1 through the high-temperature regenerator 14; the heat supplier 6 also has a heated medium channel that communicates with the outside, and the evaporator 7 also communicates with the outside.
  • a low-temperature heat medium channel is connected to the outside, and the expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.
  • the circulating working fluid discharged by the expander 2 and the third compressor 5 enters the regenerator 8 to absorb heat and heat up, flows through the high-temperature regenerator 14 and absorbs heat, and then enters the compressor 1 to increase the pressure and increase the temperature;
  • the circulating working fluid discharged by the engine 1 flows through the heat supply 6 and the high-temperature regenerator 14 to gradually release heat, and then is divided into two paths-the first path flows through the expander 2 to reduce pressure and then enters the regenerator 8, the second The path flows through the second compressor 3 to increase the pressure and increase the temperature, flow through the regenerator 8 to release heat and condense, flow through the throttle valve 4 to throttle and reduce pressure, and enter the evaporator 7;
  • the circulating working fluid entering the evaporator 7 absorbs heat and vaporizes, It flows through the third compressor 5 to increase the pressure, and then enters the regenerator 8;
  • the heated medium obtains the high temperature heat load through the heat supply 6, and the low temperature heat medium provides the low temperature heat load through the evapor
  • the circulating working fluid discharged from the expander 2 and the third compressor 5 enters the regenerator 8 to absorb heat and increase the temperature, and then enters the compressor 1 to increase the pressure; the circulating working fluid discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the newly added Heater B also releases heat, flows through the newly added compressor A to increase the pressure, then flows through the heater 6 and releases heat, and then divides into two paths-the first path flows through the expander 2 to perform work and then enters the return circuit.
  • Heater 8 the second path flows through the second compressor 3 to increase the pressure, flow through the regenerator 8 to dissipate heat and condense, and flow through the throttle valve 4 to throttle and reduce the pressure, and then enter the evaporator 7; enter the cycle of the evaporator 7
  • the working fluid absorbs heat and vaporizes, flows through the third compressor 5 to increase the pressure, and then enters the regenerator 8.
  • the heated medium passes through the heat supply 6 and the newly added heat supply B to obtain high temperature heat load, and the low temperature heat medium passes through the evaporator 7 Provides low-temperature heat load, and the external and expander 2 jointly provide power to the compressor 1, the second compressor 3, the third compressor 5 and the newly added compressor A to form a single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device.
  • the circulating working fluid discharged from the expander 2 and the third compressor 5 enters the regenerator 8 to absorb heat and increase the temperature, and then enters the compressor 1 to increase the pressure; the circulating working fluid discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the newly added Heater B also releases heat, flows through the newly added expander C to reduce pressure, then flows through the heat supply 6 and releases heat, and then divides into two paths-the first path flows through the expander 2 and then enters after the pressure is reduced.
  • Regenerator 8 the second path flows through the second compressor 3 to increase the pressure, flow through the regenerator 8 to release heat and condense, and flow through the throttle valve 4 to throttle and reduce the pressure, and then enter the evaporator 7;
  • the circulating working fluid absorbs heat and vaporizes, flows through the third compressor 5 to increase the pressure, and then enters the regenerator 8.
  • the heated medium obtains the high temperature heat load through the heat supply 6 and the newly added heat supply B, and the low temperature heat medium passes through the evaporation
  • the device 7 provides low-temperature heat load, and the external, expander 2 and the newly added expander C jointly provide power to the compressor 1, the second compressor 3, and the third compressor 5 to form a single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device.
  • the circulating working fluid discharged by the expander 2 and the third compressor 5 enters the regenerator 8 to absorb heat and heat up, flows through the high-temperature regenerator 14 and absorbs heat, and then enters the compressor 1 to increase the pressure and increase the temperature;
  • the circulating working fluid discharged by the unit 1 flows through the newly added heat supply B and releases heat, flows through the newly added compressor A to increase the pressure and heats up, flows through the heat supply 6 and the high temperature regenerator 14 to gradually release heat, and then divides into two paths ——The first path flows through the expander 2 to reduce pressure and then enters the regenerator 8, and the second path flows through the second compressor 3 to increase the pressure and increase the pressure, flow through the regenerator 8 to release heat and condense and flow through the throttle valve.
  • the circulating working fluid in the external steam state flows through the third compressor 5 after being boosted and heated, and then enters the regenerator 8.
  • the circulating working fluid discharged from the expander 2 enters the regenerator 8, and the two-way circulating working fluid absorbs After the heat is warmed up, it enters the compressor 1 to increase the pressure; the circulating working fluid discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the heat supply 6 and releases heat, and then is divided into two paths-the first path flows through the expander 2 and then enters the return circuit after the pressure is reduced.
  • Heater 8 the second path flows through the second compressor 3 to increase the pressure, and flow through the regenerator 8 to release heat and condense, and then discharge to the outside; the heated medium obtains the high temperature heat load through the heat supply 6 and the external steam is provided through the in and out process
  • the outside and the expander 2 jointly provide power to the compressor 1, the second compressor 3 and the third compressor 5 to form a single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device.
  • the circulating working fluid discharged from the expander 2 and the newly added dual-energy compressor E enters the regenerator 8 to absorb heat and increase the temperature, and then enters the compressor 1 to increase the pressure and increase the temperature; the circulating working fluid discharged from the compressor 1 flows through The heater 6 releases heat, and then it is divided into two paths—the first path flows through the expander 2 to reduce pressure and then enters the regenerator 8, and the second path flows through the second compressor 3 to boost the pressure and increase the temperature and flow through the back Heater 8 releases heat and condenses, flows through the newly added nozzle D to reduce the pressure and speed and enters the evaporator 7; the circulating working fluid entering the evaporator 7 absorbs heat and vaporizes, and flows through the newly added dual-energy compressor E to increase the pressure and increase the pressure.
  • the regenerator 8 the heated medium gets the high temperature heat load through the heat supply 6, and the low temperature heat medium provides low temperature heat load through the evaporator 7.
  • the outside and the expander 2 jointly provide the compressor 1 and the second compressor 3.
  • the newly added dual-energy compressor E provides power to form a single working substance combined cycle heat pump device.
  • a single working fluid is conducive to production and storage; reduces operating costs and improves the flexibility of cycle adjustment
  • the low-pressure operation mode is adopted in the high-temperature heating zone to alleviate or solve the contradiction between the performance index, circulating medium parameters and the pressure and temperature resistance of pipes in traditional refrigeration and heat pump devices.

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Abstract

单工质联合循环热泵装置，压缩机(1)有循环工质通道与供热器(6)连通之后分成两路——第一路经膨胀机(2)与回热器(8)连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机(3)连通，第二压缩机(3)还有循环工质通道与回热器(8)连通之后回热器(8)再有冷凝液管路经节流阀(4)与蒸发器(7)连通，蒸发器(7)还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机(5)与回热器(8)连通，回热器(8)还有循环工质通道与压缩机(1)连通；供热器(6)还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(7)还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。

Description

单工质联合循环热泵装置 技术领域：
本发明属于制冷与热泵技术领域。
背景技术：
冷需求、热需求和动力需求，为人类生活与生产当中所常见；其中，利用机械能转换为热能是实现制冷和高效供热的重要方式。一般情况下，制冷时冷却介质的温度是变化的，制热时被加热介质的温度往往也是变化的；利用机械能制热时，很多时候被加热介质同时具有变温和高温双重特点，这使得采用单一热力循环理论实现制冷或供热时存在着性能指数不合理、供热参数不高、压缩比较高、工作压力太大等多个问题。
具体来看，基于逆向朗肯循环的蒸汽压缩式热泵装置，当放热主要依靠冷凝过程时，工质与被加热介质之间温差损失大；同时，冷凝液的降压过程损失较大或利用代价高；采用超临界工况时，压缩比较高，使得压缩机的制造代价大，安全性降低等；两种情况下，对获取低温热负荷的副作用难以消除。同样地，基于逆向布雷顿循环的气体压缩式热泵装置，要求压缩比较低，这限制了供热参数的提高；同时，低温过程是变温的，这使得制冷或制热时低温环节往往存在较大的温差损失，性能指数不理想。
不可否认的是，依靠蒸发过程吸收低温热负荷是蒸汽压缩式热泵的优点，变温放热是气体压缩式热泵的优点；如果能够保留二者的优点，充分利用冷凝液的显热，消除冷凝液降压的副作用，那么得到的热泵装置将具有合理的性能指数，从而扩大其应用场合。基于综合考量，从简单、主动和高效地利用机械能进行制冷或制热的原则出发，力求制冷或热泵装置的简单、主动和高效化，本发明提出了单工质联合循环热泵装置。
发明内容：
本发明主要目的是要提供单工质联合循环热泵装置，具体发明内容分项阐述如下：
1.单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器和回热器所组成；压缩机有循环工质通道与供热器连通之后分成两路——第一路经膨胀机与回热器连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机连通，第二压缩机还有循环工质通道与回热器连通之后回热器再有冷凝液管路经节流阀与蒸发器连通，蒸发器还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机与回热器连通，回热器还有循环工质通道与压缩机连通；供热器还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
2.单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器和第二供热器所组成；压缩机有循环工质通道与供热器连通之后分成两路——第一路经膨胀机与回热器连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机连通，第二压缩机还有循环工质通道经第二供热器与回热器连通之后回热器再有冷凝液管路经节流阀与蒸发器连通，蒸发器还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机与回热器连通，回热器还有循环工质通道与压缩机连通；供热器和第二供热器还分别有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
3.单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器、喷管和第二回热器所组成；压缩机有循环工质通道与供热器连通之后分成两路——第一路与膨胀机连通，第二路与第二压缩机连通，第二压缩机还有循环工质通道经第二回热器与回热器连通之后再分成两路——第一路自回热器中间或末端引出并经喷管和第二回热器之后再通过中间进气端口与膨胀机连通，第二路自回热器末端引出之后经节流阀与蒸发器连通，蒸发器还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机与回热器连通，膨胀机还有循环工质通道与回热器连通，回热器还有循环工质通道与压缩机连通；供热器还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
4.单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器和再热器所组成；压缩机有循环工质通道与供热器连通之后分成两路——第一路与膨胀机连通、膨胀机还有循环工质通道经再热器与膨胀机连通和膨胀机还有循环工质通道与回热器连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机连通，第二压缩机还有循环工质通道经再热器与回热器连通之后回热器再有冷凝液管路经节流阀与蒸发器连通，蒸发器还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机与回热器连通，回热器还有循环工质通道与压缩机连通；供热器还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
5.单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器和高温回热器所组成；压缩机有循环工质通道经供热器与高温回热器连通之后分成两路——第一路经膨胀机与回热器连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机连通，第二压缩机还有循环工质通道与回热器连通之后回热器再有冷凝液管路经节流阀与蒸发器连通，蒸发器还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机与回热器连通，回热器还有循环工质通道经高温回热器与压缩机连通；供热器还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
6.单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器、第二供热器和高温回热器所组成；压缩机有循环工质通道经供热器与高温回热器连通之后分成两路——第一路经膨胀机与回热器连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机连通，第二压缩机还有循环工质通道经第二供热器与回热器连通之后回热器再有冷凝液管路经节流阀与蒸发器连通，蒸发器还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机与回热器连通，回热器还有循环工质通道经高温回热器与压缩机连通；供热器和第二供热器还分别有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
7.单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器、喷管、第二回热器和高温回热器所组成；压缩机有循环工质通道经供热器与高温回热器连通之后分成两路——第一路与膨胀机连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机连通，第二压缩机还有循环工质通道经第二回热器与回热器连通之后再分成两路——第一路自回热器中间或末端引出并经喷管和第二回热器之后再通过中间进气端口与膨胀机连通，第二路自回热器末端引出之后经节流阀与蒸发器连通，蒸发器还有循环工 质通道经第三压缩机与回热器连通，膨胀机还有循环工质通道与回热器连通，回热器还有循环工质通道经高温回热器与压缩机连通；供热器还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
8.单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器、再热器和高温回热器所组成；压缩机有循环工质通道经供热器与高温回热器连通之后分成两路——第一路与膨胀机连通、膨胀机还有循环工质通道经再热器与膨胀机连通和膨胀机还有循环工质通道与回热器连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机连通，第二压缩机还有循环工质通道经再热器与回热器连通之后回热器再有冷凝液管路经节流阀与蒸发器连通，蒸发器还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机与回热器连通，回热器还有循环工质通道经高温回热器与压缩机连通；供热器还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
9.单工质联合循环热泵装置，是在第1-8项所述的任一一款单工质联合循环热泵装置中，增加新增压缩机和新增供热器，将压缩机有循环工质通道与供热器连通调整为压缩机有循环工质通道经新增供热器与新增压缩机连通，新增压缩机再有循环工质通道与供热器连通，新增供热器还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
10.单工质联合循环热泵装置，是在第1-8项所述的任一一款单工质联合循环热泵装置中，增加新增供热器和新增膨胀机，将压缩机有循环工质通道与供热器连通调整为压缩机有循环工质通道经新增供热器与新增膨胀机连通，新增膨胀机再有循环工质通道与供热器连通，新增膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，新增供热器还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
11.单工质联合循环热泵装置，是在第1-10项所述的任一一款单工质联合循环热泵装置中，取消节流阀，增加涡轮机，将回热器有冷凝液管路经节流阀与蒸发器连通调整为回热器有冷凝液管路经涡轮机与蒸发器连通，涡轮机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
12.单工质联合循环热泵装置，是在第1-10项所述的任一一款单工质联合循环热泵装置中，取消蒸发器和节流阀，取消蒸发器与外部连通的低温热介质通道，将蒸发器有循环工质通道经第三压缩机与回热器连通调整为外部有蒸汽通道经第三压缩机与回热器连通，将回热器有冷凝液管路经节流阀与蒸发器连通调整为回热器有冷凝液管路与外部连通，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
13.单工质联合循环热泵装置，是在第1-10项所述的任一一款单工质联合循环热泵装置中，取消节流阀和第三压缩机，增加新增喷管和新增双能压缩机，将回热器有冷凝液管路经节流阀与蒸发器连通调整为回热器有冷凝液管路经新增喷管与蒸发器连通，将蒸发器有循环工质通道经第三压缩机与回热器连通调整为蒸发器有循环工质通道经新增双能压缩机与回热器连通，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
附图说明：
图1/11是依据本发明所提供的单工质联合循环热泵装置第1种原则性热力系统图。
图2/11是依据本发明所提供的单工质联合循环热泵装置第2种原则性热力系统图。
图3/11是依据本发明所提供的单工质联合循环热泵装置第3种原则性热力系统图。
图4/11是依据本发明所提供的单工质联合循环热泵装置第4种原则性热力系统图。
图5/11是依据本发明所提供的单工质联合循环热泵装置第5种原则性热力系统图。
图6/11是依据本发明所提供的单工质联合循环热泵装置第6种原则性热力系统图。
图7/11是依据本发明所提供的单工质联合循环热泵装置第7种原则性热力系统图。
图8/11是依据本发明所提供的单工质联合循环热泵装置第8种原则性热力系统图。
图9/11是依据本发明所提供的单工质联合循环热泵装置第9种原则性热力系统图。
图10/11是依据本发明所提供的单工质联合循环热泵装置第10种原则性热力系统图。
图11/11是依据本发明所提供的单工质联合循环热泵装置第11种原则性热力系统图。
图中，1-压缩机，2-膨胀机，3-第二压缩机，4-节流阀，5-第三压缩机，6-供热器，7-蒸发器，8-回热器，9-涡轮机，10-第二供热器，11-喷管，12-第二回热器，13-再热器，14-高温回热器；A-新增压缩机，B-新增供热器，C-新增膨胀机，D-新增喷管，E-新增双能压缩机。
具体实施方式：
首先要说明的是，在结构和流程的表述上，非必要情况下不重复进行；对显而易见的流程不作表述。下面结合附图和实例来详细描述本发明。
图1/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器和回热器所组成；压缩机1有循环工质通道与供热器6连通之后分成两路——第一路经膨胀机2与回热器8连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机3连通，第二压缩机3还有循环工质通道与回热器8连通之后回热器8再有冷凝液管路经节流阀4与蒸发器7连通，蒸发器7还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机5与回热器8连通，回热器8还有循环工质通道与压缩机1连通；供热器6还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器7还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，膨胀机2和第三压缩机5排放的循环工质进入回热器8吸热升温，之后进入压缩机1升压升温；压缩机1排放的循环工质流经供热器6并放热，之后分成两路——第一路流经膨胀机2降压作功之后进入回热器8，第二路流经第二压缩机3升压升温、流经回热器8放热冷凝、流经节流阀4节流降压和进入蒸发器7；进入蒸发器7的循环工质吸热汽化，流经第三压缩机5升压升温，之后进入回热器8；被加热介质通过供热器6获取高温热负荷，低温热介质通过蒸发器7提供低温热负荷，外部和膨胀机2共同向压缩机1、第二压缩机3和第三压缩机5提供动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
图2/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，在图1/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置中，取消节流阀，增加涡轮机，将回热器8有冷凝液管路经节流阀4与蒸发器7连通调整为回热器8有冷凝液管路经涡轮机9与蒸发器7连通，涡轮机9连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，膨胀机2和第三压缩机5排放的循环工质进入回热器8吸热升温，之后进入压缩机1升压升温；压缩机1排放的循环工质流经供热器6并放热，之后分成两路——第一路流经膨胀机2降压作功之后进入回热器8，第二路流经第二压缩机3升压升温、流经回热器8放热冷凝、流经涡轮机9降压作功和进入蒸发器7；进入蒸发器7的循环工质吸热 汽化，流经第三压缩机5升压升温，之后进入回热器8；被加热介质通过供热器6获取高温热负荷，低温热介质通过蒸发器7提供低温热负荷，外部、膨胀机2和涡轮机9共同向压缩机1、第二压缩机3和第三压缩机5提供动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
图3/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器和第二供热器所组成；压缩机1有循环工质通道与供热器6连通之后分成两路——第一路经膨胀机2与回热器8连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机3连通，第二压缩机3还有循环工质通道经第二供热器10与回热器8连通之后回热器8再有冷凝液管路经节流阀4与蒸发器7连通，蒸发器7还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机5与回热器8连通，回热器8还有循环工质通道与压缩机1连通；供热器6和第二供热器10还分别有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器7还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，膨胀机2和第三压缩机5排放的循环工质进入回热器8吸热升温，之后进入压缩机1升压升温；压缩机1排放的循环工质流经供热器6并放热，之后分成两路——第一路流经膨胀机2降压作功之后进入回热器8，第二路流经第二压缩机3升压升温、流经第二供热器10和回热器8逐步放热冷凝、流经节流阀4节流降压和进入蒸发器7；进入蒸发器7的循环工质吸热汽化，流经第三压缩机5升压升温，之后进入回热器8；被加热介质通过供热器6第二供热器10获取高温热负荷，低温热介质通过蒸发器7提供低温热负荷，外部和膨胀机2共同向压缩机1、第二压缩机3和第三压缩机5提供动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
图4/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器、喷管和第二回热器所组成；压缩机1有循环工质通道与供热器6连通之后分成两路——第一路与膨胀机2连通，第二路与第二压缩机3连通，第二压缩机3还有循环工质通道经第二回热器12与回热器8连通之后再分成两路——第一路自回热器8中间或末端引出并经喷管11和第二回热器12之后再通过中间进气端口与膨胀机2连通，第二路自回热器8末端引出之后经节流阀4与蒸发器7连通，蒸发器7还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机5与回热器8连通，膨胀机2还有循环工质通道与回热器8连通，回热器8还有循环工质通道与压缩机1连通；供热器6还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器7还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，膨胀机2和第三压缩机5排放的循环工质进入回热器8吸热升温，之后进入压缩机1升压升温；压缩机1排放的循环工质流经供热器6并放热，之后分成两路——第一路流经膨胀机2降压作功之后进入回热器8，第二路流经第二压缩机3升压升温、流经第二回热器12并放热，之后进入回热器8放热并部分冷凝或全部冷凝之后再分成两路——第一路流经喷管11降压增速、流经第二回热器12吸热、通过中间进气端口进入膨胀机2降压作功、之后进入回热器8，第二路冷凝液或继续放热之后的冷凝液经节流阀4节流降压之后进入蒸发器7；进入蒸发器7的循环工质吸热汽化，流经第三压缩机5升压升温，之后进入回热器8；被加热介质通过供热器6获取高温热负荷，低温热介质通过蒸发器7提供低温热负荷，外部和膨胀机2共同向压缩机1、第二压缩机3和第三压缩机5提供动力，形成 单工质联合循环热泵装置。
图5/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器和再热器所组成；压缩机1有循环工质通道与供热器6连通之后分成两路——第一路与膨胀机2连通、膨胀机2还有循环工质通道经再热器13与膨胀机2连通和膨胀机2还有循环工质通道与回热器8连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机3连通，第二压缩机3还有循环工质通道经再热器13与回热器8连通之后回热器8再有冷凝液管路经节流阀4与蒸发器7连通，蒸发器7还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机5与回热器8连通，回热器8还有循环工质通道与压缩机1连通；供热器6还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器7还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，膨胀机2和第三压缩机5排放的循环工质进入回热器8吸热升温，之后进入压缩机1升压升温；压缩机1排放的循环工质流经供热器6并放热，之后分成两路——第一路进入膨胀机2降压作功至一定程度之后流经再热器13吸热、进入膨胀机2继续降压作功、之后进入回热器8，第二路流经第二压缩机3升压升温、流经再热器13和回热器8逐步放热冷凝、流经节流阀4节流降压、之后进入蒸发器7；进入蒸发器7的循环工质吸热汽化，流经第三压缩机5升压升温，之后进入回热器8；被加热介质通过供热器6获取高温热负荷，低温热介质通过蒸发器7提供低温热负荷，外部和膨胀机2共同向压缩机1、第二压缩机3和第三压缩机5提供动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
图6/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器和高温回热器所组成；压缩机1有循环工质通道经供热器6与高温回热器14连通之后分成两路——第一路经膨胀机2与回热器8连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机3连通，第二压缩机3还有循环工质通道与回热器8连通之后回热器8再有冷凝液管路经节流阀4与蒸发器7连通，蒸发器7还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机5与回热器8连通，回热器8还有循环工质通道经高温回热器14与压缩机1连通；供热器6还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器7还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，膨胀机2和第三压缩机5排放的循环工质进入回热器8吸热升温，流经高温回热器14并吸热，之后进入压缩机1升压升温；压缩机1排放的循环工质流经供热器6和高温回热器14逐步放热，之后分成两路——第一路流经膨胀机2降压作功之后进入回热器8，第二路流经第二压缩机3升压升温、流经回热器8放热冷凝、流经节流阀4节流降压和进入蒸发器7；进入蒸发器7的循环工质吸热汽化，流经第三压缩机5升压升温，之后进入回热器8；被加热介质通过供热器6获取高温热负荷，低温热介质通过蒸发器7提供低温热负荷，外部和膨胀机2共同向压缩机1、第二压缩机3和第三压缩机5提供动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
图7/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，在图1/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置中，增加新增压缩机和新增供热器，将压缩机1有循环工质通道与供热器6连通调整为压缩机1有循环工质通道经新增供热器B与新增压缩机A连通，新增压缩机A再有循环工质通道与供热器6连通，新增供热器B还有被加热介质通道与外部连通。
(2)流程上，膨胀机2和第三压缩机5排放的循环工质进入回热器8吸热升温，之后进入压缩机1升压升温；压缩机1排放的循环工质流经新增供热器B并放热，流经新增压缩机A升压升温，流经供热器6并放热，之后分成两路——第一路流经膨胀机2降压作功之后进入回热器8，第二路流经第二压缩机3升压升温、流经回热器8放热冷凝和流经节流阀4节流降压之后进入蒸发器7；进入蒸发器7的循环工质吸热汽化，流经第三压缩机5升压升温，之后进入回热器8；被加热介质通过供热器6和新增供热器B获取高温热负荷，低温热介质通过蒸发器7提供低温热负荷，外部和膨胀机2共同向压缩机1、第二压缩机3、第三压缩机5和新增压缩机A提供动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
图8/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，在图1/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置中，增加新增供热器和新增膨胀机，将压缩机1有循环工质通道与供热器6连通调整为压缩机1有循环工质通道经新增供热器B与新增膨胀机C连通，新增膨胀机C再有循环工质通道与供热器6连通，新增膨胀机C连接压缩机1并传输动力，新增供热器B还有被加热介质通道与外部连通。
(2)流程上，膨胀机2和第三压缩机5排放的循环工质进入回热器8吸热升温，之后进入压缩机1升压升温；压缩机1排放的循环工质流经新增供热器B并放热，流经新增膨胀机C降压作功，流经供热器6并放热，之后分成两路——第一路流经膨胀机2降压作功之后进入回热器8，第二路流经第二压缩机3升压升温、流经回热器8放热冷凝和流经节流阀4节流降压之后进入蒸发器7；进入蒸发器7的循环工质吸热汽化，流经第三压缩机5升压升温，之后进入回热器8；被加热介质通过供热器6和新增供热器B获取高温热负荷，低温热介质通过蒸发器7提供低温热负荷，外部、膨胀机2和新增膨胀机C共同向压缩机1、第二压缩机3和第三压缩机5提供动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
图9/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，在图6/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置中，增加新增压缩机和新增供热器，将压缩机1有循环工质通道与供热器6连通调整为压缩机1有循环工质通道经新增供热器B与新增压缩机A连通，新增压缩机A再有循环工质通道与供热器6连通，新增供热器B还有被加热介质通道与外部连通。
(2)流程上，膨胀机2和第三压缩机5排放的循环工质进入回热器8吸热升温，流经高温回热器14并吸热，之后进入压缩机1升压升温；压缩机1排放的循环工质流经新增供热器B并放热，流经新增压缩机A升压升温，流经供热器6和高温回热器14逐步放热，之后分成两路——第一路流经膨胀机2降压作功之后进入回热器8，第二路流经第二压缩机3升压升温、流经回热器8放热冷凝和流经节流阀4节流降压之后进入蒸发器7；进入蒸发器7的循环工质吸热汽化，流经第三压缩机5升压升温，之后进入回热器8；被加热介质通过供热器6和新增供热器B获取高温热负荷，低温热介质通过蒸发器7提供低温热负荷，外部和膨胀机2共同向压缩机1、第二压缩机3、第三压缩机5和新增压缩机A提供动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
图10/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，在图1/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置中，取消蒸发器和节流阀，取消蒸发器7与外部连通的低温热介质通道，将蒸发器7有循环工质通道经第三压缩机5与回热器8连通调整为外部有蒸汽通道经第三压缩机5与回热器8连通，将回热器8有冷凝液 管路经节流阀4与蒸发器7连通调整为回热器8有冷凝液管路与外部连通。
(2)流程上，外部蒸汽状态的循环工质流经第三压缩机5升压升温之后进入回热器8，膨胀机2排放的循环工质进入回热器8，两路循环工质吸热升温之后进入压缩机1升压升温；压缩机1排放的循环工质流经供热器6并放热，之后分成两路——第一路流经膨胀机2降压作功之后进入回热器8，第二路流经第二压缩机3升压升温和流经回热器8放热冷凝之后对外排放；被加热介质通过供热器6获取高温热负荷，外部蒸汽通过进出流程提供低温热负荷，外部和膨胀机2共同向压缩机1、第二压缩机3和第三压缩机5提供动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
图11/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，在图1/11所示的单工质联合循环热泵装置中，取消节流阀和第三压缩机，增加新增喷管和新增双能压缩机，将回热器8有冷凝液管路经节流阀4与蒸发器7连通调整为回热器8有冷凝液管路经新增喷管D与蒸发器7连通，将蒸发器7有循环工质通道经第三压缩机5与回热器8连通调整为蒸发器7有循环工质通道经新增双能压缩机E与回热器8连通。
(2)流程上，膨胀机2和新增双能压缩机E排放的循环工质进入回热器8吸热升温，之后进入压缩机1升压升温；压缩机1排放的循环工质流经供热器6并放热，之后分成两路——第一路流经膨胀机2降压作功之后进入回热器8，第二路流经第二压缩机3升压升温、流经回热器8放热冷凝、流经新增喷管D降压增速和进入蒸发器7；进入蒸发器7的循环工质吸热汽化，流经新增双能压缩机E升压升温并降速，之后进入回热器8；被加热介质通过供热器6获取高温热负荷，低温热介质通过蒸发器7提供低温热负荷，外部和膨胀机2共同向压缩机1、第二压缩机3和新增双能压缩机E提供动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
本发明技术可以实现的效果——本发明所提出的单工质联合循环热泵装置，具有如下效果和优势：
(1)提供了机械能制冷与制热利用(能差利用)基本技术。
(2)消除或大幅度减少相变放热过程的供热负荷，相对增加高温供热段供热负荷，提高装置性能指数。
(3)消除冷凝液显热对获取低温热负荷的不利影响，提高装置性能指数。
(4)大幅度提升冷凝液显热的利用程度，有利于降低压缩比和提高装置性能指数。
(5)工作参数范围得到大幅度扩展，实现高效供热与高效高温供热。
(6)降低工作压力，提高装置安全性。
(7)单一工质，有利于生产和储存；降低运行成本，提高循环调节的灵活性
(8)在高温区或变温区，有利于降低放热环节的温差传热损失，提高性能指数。
(9)在高温供热区采取低压运行方式，缓解或解决传统制冷与热泵装置中性能指数、循环介质参数与管材耐压耐温性能之间的矛盾。
(10)适用范围广，能够很好地适应供能需求，工质与工作参数之间匹配灵活。
(11)扩展了机械能进行冷/热高效利用的热力循环范围，有利于更好地实现机械能在制冷、高温供热和变温供热领域的高效利用。

Claims (13)

  1. 单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器和回热器所组成；压缩机(1)有循环工质通道与供热器(6)连通之后分成两路——第一路经膨胀机(2)与回热器(8)连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机(3)连通，第二压缩机(3)还有循环工质通道与回热器(8)连通之后回热器(8)再有冷凝液管路经节流阀(4)与蒸发器(7)连通，蒸发器(7)还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机(5)与回热器(8)连通，回热器(8)还有循环工质通道与压缩机(1)连通；供热器(6)还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(7)还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
  2. 单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器和第二供热器所组成；压缩机(1)有循环工质通道与供热器(6)连通之后分成两路——第一路经膨胀机(2)与回热器(8)连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机(3)连通，第二压缩机(3)还有循环工质通道经第二供热器(10)与回热器(8)连通之后回热器(8)再有冷凝液管路经节流阀(4)与蒸发器(7)连通，蒸发器(7)还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机(5)与回热器(8)连通，回热器(8)还有循环工质通道与压缩机(1)连通；供热器(6)和第二供热器(10)还分别有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(7)还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
  3. 单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器、喷管和第二回热器所组成；压缩机(1)有循环工质通道与供热器(6)连通之后分成两路——第一路与膨胀机(2)连通，第二路与第二压缩机(3)连通，第二压缩机(3)还有循环工质通道经第二回热器(12)与回热器(8)连通之后再分成两路——第一路自回热器(8)中间或末端引出并经喷管(11)和第二回热器(12)之后再通过中间进气端口与膨胀机(2)连通，第二路自回热器(8)末端引出之后经节流阀(4)与蒸发器(7)连通，蒸发器(7)还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机(5)与回热器(8)连通，膨胀机(2)还有循环工质通道与回热器(8)连通，回热器(8)还有循环工质通道与压缩机(1)连通；供热器(6)还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(7)还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
  4. 单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器和再热器所组成；压缩机(1)有循环工质通道与供热器(6)连通之后分成两路——第一路与膨胀机(2)连通、膨胀机(2)还有循环工质通道经再热器(13)与膨胀机(2)连通和膨胀机(2)还有循环工质通道与回热器(8)连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机(3)连通，第二压缩机(3)还有循环工质通道经再热器(13)与回热器(8)连通之后回热器(8)再有冷凝液管路经节流阀(4)与蒸发器(7)连通，蒸发器(7)还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机(5)与回热器(8)连通，回热器(8)还有循环工质通道与压缩机(1)连通；供热器(6)还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(7)还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
  5. 单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压 缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器和高温回热器所组成；压缩机(1)有循环工质通道经供热器(6)与高温回热器(14)连通之后分成两路——第一路经膨胀机(2)与回热器(8)连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机(3)连通，第二压缩机(3)还有循环工质通道与回热器(8)连通之后回热器(8)再有冷凝液管路经节流阀(4)与蒸发器(7)连通，蒸发器(7)还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机(5)与回热器(8)连通，回热器(8)还有循环工质通道经高温回热器(14)与压缩机(1)连通；供热器(6)还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(7)还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
  6. 单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器、第二供热器和高温回热器所组成；压缩机(1)有循环工质通道经供热器(6)与高温回热器(14)连通之后分成两路——第一路经膨胀机(2)与回热器(8)连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机(3)连通，第二压缩机(3)还有循环工质通道经第二供热器(10)与回热器(8)连通之后回热器(8)再有冷凝液管路经节流阀(4)与蒸发器(7)连通，蒸发器(7)还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机(5)与回热器(8)连通，回热器(8)还有循环工质通道经高温回热器(14)与压缩机(1)连通；供热器(6)和第二供热器(10)还分别有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(7)还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
  7. 单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器、喷管、第二回热器和高温回热器所组成；压缩机(1)有循环工质通道经供热器(6)与高温回热器(14)连通之后分成两路——第一路与膨胀机(2)连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机(3)连通，第二压缩机(3)还有循环工质通道经第二回热器(12)与回热器(8)连通之后再分成两路——第一路自回热器(8)中间或末端引出并经喷管(11)和第二回热器(12)之后再通过中间进气端口与膨胀机(2)连通，第二路自回热器(8)末端引出之后经节流阀(4)与蒸发器(7)连通，蒸发器(7)还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机(5)与回热器(8)连通，膨胀机(2)还有循环工质通道与回热器(8)连通，回热器(8)还有循环工质通道经高温回热器(14)与压缩机(1)连通；供热器(6)还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(7)还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
  8. 单工质联合循环热泵装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、第二压缩机、节流阀、第三压缩机、供热器、蒸发器、回热器、再热器和高温回热器所组成；压缩机(1)有循环工质通道经供热器(6)与高温回热器(14)连通之后分成两路——第一路与膨胀机(2)连通、膨胀机(2)还有循环工质通道经再热器(13)与膨胀机(2)连通和膨胀机(2)还有循环工质通道与回热器(8)连通，第二路直接与第二压缩机(3)连通，第二压缩机(3)还有循环工质通道经再热器(13)与回热器(8)连通之后回热器(8)再有冷凝液管路经节流阀(4)与蒸发器(7)连通，蒸发器(7)还有循环工质通道经第三压缩机(5)与回热器(8)连通，回热器(8)还有循环工质通道经高温回热器(14)与压缩机(1)连通；供热器(6)还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(7)还有低温热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
  9. 单工质联合循环热泵装置，是在权利要求1-8所述的任一一款单工质联合循环热泵 装置中，增加新增压缩机和新增供热器，将压缩机(1)有循环工质通道与供热器(6)连通调整为压缩机(1)有循环工质通道经新增供热器(B)与新增压缩机(A)连通，新增压缩机(A)再有循环工质通道与供热器(6)连通，新增供热器(B)还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
  10. 单工质联合循环热泵装置，是在权利要求1-8所述的任一一款单工质联合循环热泵装置中，增加新增供热器和新增膨胀机，将压缩机(1)有循环工质通道与供热器(6)连通调整为压缩机(1)有循环工质通道经新增供热器(B)与新增膨胀机(C)连通，新增膨胀机(C)再有循环工质通道与供热器(6)连通，新增膨胀机(C)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，新增供热器(B)还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
  11. 单工质联合循环热泵装置，是在权利要求1-10所述的任一一款单工质联合循环热泵装置中，取消节流阀，增加涡轮机，将回热器(8)有冷凝液管路经节流阀(4)与蒸发器(7)连通调整为回热器(8)有冷凝液管路经涡轮机(9)与蒸发器(7)连通，涡轮机(9)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
  12. 单工质联合循环热泵装置，是在权利要求1-10所述的任一一款单工质联合循环热泵装置中，取消蒸发器和节流阀，取消蒸发器(7)与外部连通的低温热介质通道，将蒸发器(7)有循环工质通道经第三压缩机(5)与回热器(8)连通调整为外部有蒸汽通道经第三压缩机(5)与回热器(8)连通，将回热器(8)有冷凝液管路经节流阀(4)与蒸发器(7)连通调整为回热器(8)有冷凝液管路与外部连通，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
  13. 单工质联合循环热泵装置，是在权利要求1-10所述的任一一款单工质联合循环热泵装置中，取消节流阀和第三压缩机，增加新增喷管和新增双能压缩机，将回热器(8)有冷凝液管路经节流阀(4)与蒸发器(7)连通调整为回热器(8)有冷凝液管路经新增喷管(D)与蒸发器(7)连通，将蒸发器(7)有循环工质通道经第三压缩机(5)与回热器(8)连通调整为蒸发器(7)有循环工质通道经新增双能压缩机(E)与回热器(8)连通，形成单工质联合循环热泵装置。
PCT/CN2020/000253 2019-10-17 2020-10-16 单工质联合循环热泵装置 WO2021072989A1 (zh)

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