WO2021072981A1

WO2021072981A1 - Blockchain-based energy data linking method and apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2021072981A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/130251
Authority: WO
Inventors: 徐逸宁
Original assignee: 广东绿腾新能源服务有限公司
Priority date: 2019-10-17
Filing date: 2019-12-31
Publication date: 2021-04-22
Also published as: CN110716977A

Abstract

The present invention provides a blockchain-based energy data linking method. A Modbus serial communication protocol is used in the method. A server operates as a Modbus master station device. An energy collector operates as a Modbus slave station device. Any one node on a blockchain is correspondingly provided with the energy collector. The present invention further provides a corresponding apparatus that achieves the collection and monitoring of the energy data of any one node on the blockchain. The present invention is easy to install and strong in compatibility, and has a high fault tolerance rate.

Description

Method and device for linking energy data based on blockchain

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of new energy and blockchain technology, and in particular to a method and device for linking energy data based on a blockchain.

Background technique

In the traditional power system, thermal power, hydropower, etc. are mainly generated. Under the background of increasingly tight supply of traditional energy and increasing pressure on environmental protection, new energy has become an important energy strategy for the world. A number of new energy technologies such as photovoltaics, wind power, and renewable energy have become more mature. With the continuous growth of the market scale, the number of users of scattered individual production capacity has increased, and new energy market transactions have become market demands.

However, because the existing energy settlement model uses a single centralized management method, it is difficult to make corresponding improvements to the electricity consumption and the promotion of new energy to make the transaction and settlement process faster; thus hindering the new The promotion of the energy market.

With the rapid development and maturity of blockchain technology, it is possible to write energy data to the nodes of the blockchain to achieve decentralized management; and the use of Internet of Things technology can greatly reduce communication costs and manpower, especially in The penetration rate of new energy is getting higher and higher. Nowadays, new energy vehicles and other vehicles are becoming more frequent. With the advent of 5G, the upload of energy data and IoT has become a rigid demand in the technology market.

Summary of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a blockchain-based energy data link method and device, which are easy to install, have strong compatibility, and have a strong fault tolerance rate.

In order to achieve the above objective, one aspect of the present invention provides a blockchain-based energy data link method, which adopts the Modbus serial communication protocol, in which,

The server runs as a Modbus master device, and the energy harvester runs as a Modbus slave device; any node on the blockchain is corresponding to an energy harvester.

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the master station device and the slave station device are configured through ModbusRTU format or ModbusTcp format, and the physical layer communication mode adopts serial port RS485 or Ethernet; according to the received message request sent by the master station device, In response to the sending message, the slave station device packs and sends the currently changed register address and register code value to the master station device.

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the method of sending messages from the station device is a heartbeat packet, and a heartbeat packet includes a character string; the data bit of the character string is 8 bits, the stop bit is 1 bit, and the check mode is none. check.

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the register code value includes peak-level-valley coefficient information, user level information, power generation type information, and user type information.

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the method includes the following steps:

S1, the master station equipment determines the register distribution of the slave station equipment according to the field application,

S2. The slave device sends a heartbeat packet message;

S3. The master station device determines the range of the change data register of the slave station device according to needs, determines the function code, and writes it into the register configured for sending the message;

S4. The master station device receives the change data message from the slave station device, analyzes the register code value and address contained in the information, and makes corresponding processing.

According to still another specific embodiment of the present invention, before step S1, the following steps are further included:

S00. Perform format configuration on the master station and slave station equipment;

S01. After the master device completes the initialization, polling of the slave device data is performed.

In another aspect of the present invention, a block chain-based energy data link device is provided, which includes:

RTU, RTU includes a data acquisition communication module, a main controller, and an upper communication processing module that are connected in sequence; the data acquisition communication module communicates with several groups of energy collectors, and the main controller includes several one-to-one correspondences with several groups of energy collectors. Modbus address table, the upper communication processing module is connected with the monitoring upper computer.

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes a Modbus gateway. The Modbus gateway includes ModbusRTU transparent transmission, ModbusASCII transparent transmission, protocol mutual conversion between ModbusRTU and ModbusTCP, Modbus polling, and serial port active query.

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring host computer includes a transparent transmission cloud server and a transparent transmission cloud management system, the energy data is uploaded to the transparent transmission cloud, and the transparent transmission cloud management system is used to configure and manage slave devices and serial port parameters .

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring host computer further includes a user terminal, and the user terminal is an APP or a WeChat applet.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The present invention adopts serial communication protocol, which is easy to install, has strong compatibility and strong fault tolerance;

2. Serial gateway technology, which interconnects all node energy equipment in a blockchain to ensure data communication between nodes;

3. Through the transparent transmission of cloud technology, energy data is realized on the public cloud, and the heartbeat packet technology is used to ensure data synchronization.

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the framework of the method for linking energy data based on blockchain in Embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a reference table of functional code domains of the energy data link method based on blockchain in Embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a reference table of the message reading data format of the energy data link method based on the blockchain of Embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 is a register reference table of the energy data link method based on the blockchain of Embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is a reference table of the message writing data format of the energy data link method based on the blockchain of the embodiment 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the Modbus gateway operation of the energy data link method based on the blockchain of Embodiment 1. FIG.

Detailed ways

Example 1

In one aspect of this embodiment, a blockchain-based energy data link method is provided, as shown in Figure 1-6, which adopts the Modbus serial communication protocol, in which the server operates as a Modbus master device, and the energy collection The device operates as a Modbus slave device; any node on the blockchain is corresponding to an energy harvester.

The nodes of the blockchain include: capacity nodes, energy consumption nodes, and energy storage nodes; among them, the capacity nodes are individual new energy capacity users, both as merchants, which produce new energy and transmit the new energy to the storage through the Internet of Things transmission method. Energy nodes; energy-consuming nodes are users who need to use new energy, and when they need to use new energy to supply power, they send energy-use requests; energy-storage nodes are the national grid and receive new energy transmitted by production nodes; and according to the energy demand of energy-using nodes Send new energy to user nodes through the transmission of the Internet of Things; each production node, each energy consuming node, and energy storage node has a wallet address for receiving and sending tokens in the blockchain network; production node According to the preset merchant transaction contract, execute transaction and settlement with the energy storage node in the blockchain network; the energy consumption node executes transaction and settlement with the energy storage node in the blockchain network according to the preset user transaction contract; this The capacity node in the embodiment can also become an energy consuming node when electricity is needed, and perform transactions and settlements with the energy storage node according to the user transaction contract. The transaction and settlement between production nodes, energy consumption nodes, and energy storage nodes are carried out through the blockchain network, which can facilitate the user operation and use of energy nodes, facilitate the power output and transaction settlement of production nodes, and facilitate the work of energy storage nodes Personnel management and settlement improve the transaction efficiency, fairness and transparency between the capacity end and the energy end. The blockchain network is equivalent to the role of an information channel, including all roles involved in energy transactions: production nodes, energy use nodes, and energy storage nodes. It enables users of each node to track the source and consumption of each degree, and further includes where the electricity comes from, when it is used and when it is consumed, and the ledger is shared globally, and the ledger data is more comprehensive, accurate and clear.

Each node corresponds to a slave device; the master device and the slave device are configured through ModbusRTU format or ModbusTcp format, and the physical layer communication method uses serial port RS485 or Ethernet; according to the received message request sent by the master device, In response to the sending message, the slave station device packs and sends the currently changed register address and register code value to the master station device.

The mode of sending messages from the station equipment is the heartbeat packet mode. A heartbeat packet includes a character string; the data bit of the character string is 8 bits, the stop bit is 1 bit, and the check mode is no check.

The register code value includes peak-level-valley coefficient information, user level information, power generation type information, and user type information. In the blockchain network, energy data needs to be converted into settlement data according to the settlement method; it adopts a linear settlement method for settlement, the formula is as follows:

Among them, Q is the token value;

i, is the i-th energy meter;

FR is a positive and negative parameter, and FR is -1,0,1, which is used to distinguish between capacity nodes and energy consumption nodes;

CP is the meter reading data at the end of the settlement cycle;

PP is the meter reading data at the end of the previous settlement cycle;

MP, is the comprehensive magnification, the conversion parameter of the energy meter, (the number shown in the current period-the number shown in the previous period) * comprehensive magnification = energy consumption, that is: (CP-PP)*MP;

SC, the user settlement coefficient, distinguishes settlement according to the preferential and discount given to the user by the user level or preferential policy; it is convenient for different users to enjoy different preferential and discount.

TC is the power generation type coefficient, which is differentiated and settled according to the power generation type of new energy, including traditional power grid power generation and new energy power generation; for example, traditional power grid power generation is 1, and new energy power generation is 50%; it is conducive to promoting new energy power generation according to promotion policies.

EC is the user type, and the settlement is differentiated according to the market application layer, including: civil, commercial, industrial, and agricultural electricity;

VC is the peak-level-valley coefficient, which distinguishes and settles the time of each day according to the peak energy consumption and the energy consumption low valley; for example, it can be divided into four time periods, peak time: 8:00～11:00, 18:00～21:00 ; Flat 1 time: 6:00～8:00, 11:00～13:00, 15:00～18:00, 21:00～22:00; Flat 2 time: 13:00～15:00; Valley Time period: 22:00～6:00; different coefficient values are used for settlement in different time periods, which is conducive to reasonable control of peak electricity consumption.

AC is a dynamic constant, the default is 0, usually a difference constant, that is, the settlement difference with the power supply bureau, and this factor is reasonably taken into consideration.

Through the linear settlement method, the user settlement coefficient, power generation type coefficient, user type, and peak-flat-valley coefficient are taken into account, so that the settlement formula is suitable for different settlement situations, and the coefficient is adjusted according to the settlement situation, which is convenient for preferential discounts and new energy support Promotion and promotion of policies. In this embodiment, the peak-level-valley coefficient information, user level information, power generation type information, and user type information are written into the register; so that after reading the register code value, the settlement can be directly analyzed and processed, and the settlement result can be obtained quickly. Refer to Figure 4, the positive direction represents the user outputting electrical energy to the State Grid (energy storage node), and the reverse represents the output electrical energy of the State Grid (energy storage node) to the user for use; the power tip, power peak, power level, and power valley are respectively The four time periods representing the peak, flat, and valley coefficients are used for different time periods for energy settlement with different coefficients. According to actual application requirements, the time period can be increased or decreased, and the register code value can be set correspondingly according to the time period; similarly, You can also define more registers, which are used to define user settlement coefficients, power generation type coefficients, and user type coefficients, so that after reading the register code value, you can directly settle the settlement according to the linear settlement formula.

The method in this embodiment includes the following steps:

S2. The slave device sends a heartbeat packet message;

S4. The master station device receives the change data message from the slave station device, analyzes the register code value and address contained in the information, and makes corresponding processing. The slave device sends a data message in the form of a heartbeat packet. After the master device receives the message request, it determines the required register address according to the message request. During Modbus polling, when the corresponding register address is read, the corresponding register address is received. The message of the register address, and analyze and process.

It also includes the following steps before step S1:

Through Modbus polling, real-time monitoring of data can improve fault tolerance and ensure stable operation.

All RS485 loop communications in this embodiment follow the master/slave mode. The master refers to the master device, that is, the server, and the slave refers to the slave device, that is, all energy harvester hardware. In this way, data information and message information are transmitted between a single master station and a maximum of 32 slave stations (monitoring equipment); the master station will initialize and control all the information transmitted on the RS485 communication loop; the information on the RS485 loop Communication takes place in the form of "heartbeat packets". A message is a character string (8 bits per character string), and a message can contain up to 255 bytes. The bytes that make up this message constitute standard asynchronous serial data, and are transmitted in the form of 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity bit. The serial data stream is generated by a device similar to that used in RS232C.

Each Modbus message consists of the following parts: address domain, function code domain, data domain, and check domain. The address field refers to: the length of the Modbus slave address field is one byte, including the slave address of the message transmission. The valid slave address ranges from 1 to 247. If the slave station receives a message in which the address domain information of the slave station matches its own address, it should execute the command contained in the message. This field in the message from the slave station is its own address. Because the display module will be able to communicate with the controller of any address, the address field in the request frame sent by the display module is the corresponding sequence, such as 1.

The function code domain refers to: the length of the function domain in the Modbus message is one byte, which is used to inform the slave station what operation should be performed. The response message from the slave station shall contain the same functional domain byte of the operation requested by the master station. Refer to the table shown in Figure 1 for the function codes of the equipment.

The data field refers to the length of the Modbus data field is variable, depending on its specific function. The Modbus data field adopts the "BIGINDIAN" mode, that is, the high-order byte is in front and the low-order byte is in the back.

The check domain refers to: Modbus-RTU mode adopts 16-bit CRC check. The sending device should perform CRC16 calculation on each data in the message, and store the final result in the inspection domain. The receiving device should also perform CRC16 calculation on each data (except the check field) in the message, and compare the result field with the check field. Only the same message can be accepted.

The transmission of messages on the RS485 network needs to follow the following principles of time: the minimum time between the end of the request message of the master station and the start of the response message of the slave station is 0 milliseconds, the maximum is 250 milliseconds, and the typical value is 60 milliseconds; the slave station responds The time between the end of the message and the start of the next request message of the master station is typically 100 milliseconds; the maximum time between two adjacent bytes in the message varies according to the communication baud rate, generally the largest word The section time is 3 times the byte transmission time.

Modbus supports two function codes, compatible with the standard Modbus protocol 16-bit data mode, which means that the maximum transmission of any measured value is 65535.

The communication message part mainly describes the command of the relay control, the format of the device's read data message and response message, and the format of the device's write data message and response message.

Reading a register is a message sent by the master station requesting the device to respond to all valid registers, and keep the registers. The message read data format is shown in Figure 3. Among them the register code value is consulted as shown in Fig. 4. Use function code 04 to read. When using the 04 function code to read, send it as a 4-byte integer, and divide the message value by 100 to correspond to the actual value (where: the energy value in the serial number is equal to the value of the register and needs to be divided by 10000). For example: the device address is 1, read all the information of the first block table in 4-byte integer format: 01040000001A71C1.

The format of the write register message is: host -> device, and the response format is: device -> host. The registers written by the device must be continuous from the first register. Figure 5 shows the format of the write data register. Among them, each byte has 8 bits of binary code. When transmitting, a start bit (0), an even parity bit and a stop bit (1) are added for a total of 11 bits. The transmission sequence is shown in Figure 1. D0 is the least significant bit of the byte, and D7 is the most significant bit of the byte. Pass the low position first, then the high position.

Before sending the frame information, send 0-4 bytes FEH to wake up the receiver. All data items in the transmission order are first transmitted low byte, then high transmission response. Each communication starts with the request command frame sent by the slave station selected by the master station according to the information frame address field, and the requested slave station is controlled according to the command frame Respond to the request of the code.

Response delay Td after receiving the command frame: 20ms≤Td≤500ms. Pause time between bytes Tb:Tb≤500ms.

In error control, the byte check is even check, and the frame check is the vertical information checksum. Regardless of whether the receiver detects an even check error or a vertical information checksum error, the message frame will be placed and no response will be given.

Initial number rate: 1200bps

Standard number rate: 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600bps. At 1200 bps, Z=0. When modifying the rate, the characteristic word Z is only valid when one binary bit is 1.

To change the transmission rate, the master station first sends a rate change request to the slave station at the initial rate, and the slave station sends an acknowledgement response frame or a negative response frame at the initial rate. After receiving the confirmation frame from the slave station, the two parties will communicate with each other at the confirmed new rate, and return to the initial rate after the end of the communication; if the communication link is not established within 500ms, both parties will return to the initial rate. Only one communication rate can be changed in each communication. Among them: the maximum transmission rate is limited by the excuse of the photoelectric head or the tariff device, and is also limited by the working clock frequency in the data processing unit of the tariff device.

In another aspect of this embodiment, a blockchain-based energy data link device is provided, which includes: an RTU. The RTU includes a data acquisition communication module, a main controller, and a higher-level communication processing module that are sequentially communicated and connected; data acquisition communication The module communicates with several groups of energy collectors, the main controller includes several Modbus address tables corresponding to several groups of energy collectors, and the upper communication processing module communicates with the monitoring upper computer.

The device also includes a Modbus gateway. The Modbus gateway includes ModbusRTU transparent transmission, ModbusASCII transparent transmission, protocol mutual conversion between ModbusRTU and ModbusTCP, Modbus polling and serial port active query. Through the Modbus gateway setting, the conversion from Modbus serial protocol to Modbus network protocol is realized.

The monitoring host computer includes a transparent transmission cloud server and a transparent transmission cloud management system. The energy data is uploaded to the transparent transmission cloud. The transparent transmission cloud management system is used to configure and manage slave devices and serial port parameters. Through the transparent transmission cloud to realize the mutual communication and transparent transmission of data between the equipment and the device and the upper computer, the access equipment can be connected to realize the remote transparent transmission of data without modification. Energy data can be compatible with multiple communication modes such as NB-IOT, LoRa, WiFi, Ethernet, and GPRS.

The monitoring host computer also includes the user terminal, which is an APP or WeChat applet; the user can conveniently view energy data and operate and send electricity demand through the user terminal, and it is also convenient for third-party companies to call.

Although the present invention is disclosed as above in preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Any person of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the scope of the present invention, can make some improvements, that is, any equivalent improvement made in accordance with the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims

A blockchain-based energy data link method, characterized in that the method adopts Modbus serial communication protocol, wherein,

The server runs as a Modbus master device, and the energy harvester runs as a Modbus slave device; any node on the blockchain is corresponding to an energy harvester.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the master station device and the slave station device are configured through ModbusRTU format or ModbusTcp format, and the physical layer communication mode adopts serial port RS485 or Ethernet; according to the received master station device sent Message request, the slave station device responds to the message sent, packs and sends the currently changed register address and register code value to the master station device.
The method according to claim 2, wherein the method of sending the message from the slave station device is a heartbeat packet mode, one of the heartbeat packets includes a character string; the data bit of the character string is 8 bits, stop The bit is 1 bit, and the check method is no check.
The method according to claim 2, wherein the register code value includes peak-level-valley coefficient information, user level information, power generation type information, and user type information.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

S1, the master station equipment determines the register distribution of the slave station equipment according to the field application,

S2. The slave device sends a heartbeat packet message;

S3. The master device determines the range of the change data register of the slave device according to the needs, and determines the function code, and writes it into the register configured for sending the message;

S4. The master station device receives the change data message from the slave station device, analyzes the register code value and address contained in the information, and makes corresponding processing.
The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, before the step S1, the method further comprises the following steps:

S00. Perform format configuration on the master station and slave station equipment;

S01. After the master device completes the initialization, polling of the slave device data is performed.
A block chain-based energy data linking device, characterized in that, the device includes:

RTU, the RTU includes a data acquisition communication module, a main controller, and a higher-level communication processing module that are sequentially connected in communication; Several groups of energy collectors have one-to-one corresponding Modbus address tables, and the upper communication processing module is in communication connection with the monitoring upper computer.
8. The device of claim 7, wherein the device further comprises a Modbus gateway, the Modbus gateway comprising ModbusRTU transparent transmission, ModbusASCII transparent transmission, protocol mutual conversion between ModbusRTU and ModbusTCP, Modbus polling and serial port active query.
The device according to claim 7, wherein the monitoring host computer includes a transparent transmission cloud server and a transparent transmission cloud management system, the energy data is uploaded to the transparent transmission cloud, and the transparent transmission cloud management system is used to communicate with the slave station. Configuration and management of equipment and serial port parameters.
The device according to claim 9, wherein the monitoring host computer further comprises a user terminal, and the user terminal is an APP or a WeChat applet.