WO2021060788A1

WO2021060788A1 - Graphic cover substrate for solar panel, method for manufacturing same, and solar panel

Info

Publication number: WO2021060788A1
Application number: PCT/KR2020/012725
Authority: WO
Inventors: 김충의; 최정훈; 김정규
Original assignee: 엘지전자 주식회사
Priority date: 2019-09-24
Filing date: 2020-09-21
Publication date: 2021-04-01
Also published as: KR20210035637A

Abstract

A solar panel according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a solar cell; a sealing material that surrounds and seals the solar cell; a first cover member positioned on the sealing material on one side of the solar cell; and a second cover member positioned on the sealing material on the other side of the solar cell. The first cover member comprises a first base member, a gloss reducing portion having an uneven shape for reducing the gloss of the first base member, and a design portion that is formed on the first base member and is composed of an oxide ceramic composition.

Description

Graphic cover substrate for solar panel, manufacturing method thereof, and solar panel

The present invention relates to a graphic cover substrate for a solar panel, a method for manufacturing the same, and a solar panel, and in more detail, a graphic cover substrate for a solar panel with improved structure and process and a method for manufacturing the same, and including the same It relates to solar panels.

In general, when a solar panel is installed in a building, it is installed on a roof or a roof. However, in apartments and high-rise buildings, the size of solar panels that can be installed on the roof or roof is limited, making it difficult to efficiently utilize sunlight. Accordingly, in recent years, research on a solar panel having an integrated building structure that is installed on the exterior wall of a building and the like and integrated with the building has been actively conducted. When a solar panel having a building-integrated structure is applied, photoelectric conversion can be performed in a large area of the outer wall of the building, so that sunlight can be effectively used.

In the solar panel having such a building-integrated structure, in order to improve the appearance, a graphic cover substrate having a certain color, design, etc. may be used. However, in the conventional graphic cover substrate including a glass substrate, it has been difficult to reproduce the feeling of building materials or natural objects, for example, stone, wood, and brick, which are generally used in buildings due to high glossiness due to glass. For example, a graphic cover substrate manufactured by attaching a colored film to a glass substrate, such as Japanese Patent No. 3717369, has a high gloss and has a different feeling from other building materials, so that aesthetics can be degraded. In addition, the colored film may not be uniformly adhered to the glass substrate, or the durability and adhesive properties of the colored film are not excellent, so problems such as peeling or damage may occur if used for a long time.

An object of the present invention is to provide a graphic cover substrate for a solar panel, a method of manufacturing the same, and a solar panel including the same, which can improve aesthetics and appearance.

More specifically, a graphic cover substrate for solar panels and a method of manufacturing the same, which is suitable for solar panels having an integrated building structure, and that can reduce the sense of heterogeneity with other building materials by lowering the gloss through a simple structure and process, and including the same. We want to provide solar panels.

In particular, it is intended to provide a graphic cover substrate for a solar panel having excellent aesthetics and appearance, and a solar panel including the same, and a solar panel including the same by reducing the sense of heterogeneity with natural objects such as stone and wood, building materials such as brick, and the like.

In the solar panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first cover member has a gloss reduction portion having an uneven shape for reducing the gloss of the first base member, and a design portion formed on the first base member and composed of an oxide ceramic composition. Can include. Here, the gloss reduction unit serves to reduce gloss and may help to implement a design to be additionally expressed, and the design unit may be a part representing colors, images, etc. for realizing the design to be expressed. In addition, the solar panel may further include a solar cell, a sealing material that surrounds and seals the solar cell and has the first cover member positioned on one surface thereof, and a second cover member positioned on the other surface of the sealing material.

The gloss reduction unit may have a random structure. There may be a plurality of portions having different arrangement relationships between the design portion and the gloss reduction portion. The design part may have a regular structure in the cover area in which the design part is formed.

The gloss reduction unit may be provided in an intaglio or embossed shape formed on the surface of the first base member. The gloss reduction unit may be configured as a non-design irregularity having a shape or a flat shape irrelevant to the design to be expressed by the design unit. Alternatively, the gloss reduction unit may be configured with design irregularities that implement at least a part of a design to be expressed by the design unit. The design irregularities may be formed to be less than 50% of the total area of the first cover member.

Alternatively, the gloss reduction unit may be formed of uneven coating formed on the first base member. At least a portion of the coating irregularities may be formed on the design portion, or a portion of the design portion may be formed on the coating irregularities. The coating irregularities may be composed of an oxide ceramic composition having a color, brightness, or saturation different from the design portion, and the thickness of the coating irregularities may be greater than the thickness of the design portion.

The gloss reduction part may be located on the outer surface side of the first cover member. A light diffusion unit having a concave or embossed shape having a regular structure may be formed on the inner surface of the first base member.

The gloss reduction unit is composed of non-design irregularities having a flat shape or a shape irrelevant to the design to be expressed by the design unit provided in intaglio and relief shapes formed on the surface of the first base member, and the non-design irregularities The surface roughness may be smaller than the maximum size of the light diffuser.

The gloss reduction unit is composed of design irregularities that implement at least a part of the design to be expressed by the design unit provided in intaglio and embossed shapes formed on the surface of the first base member, and the number of peaks or valleys of the light diffusion unit The number of design irregularities may be smaller than that.

The first base member may include a glass substrate, and the glass substrate may include a low iron content glass substrate having an iron oxide content of less than 150 ppm.

The design part may be composed of a glassy oxide ceramic composition.

The graphic cover substrate for a solar panel according to the present embodiment may include a glass substrate, a gloss reduction unit having an uneven shape for reducing the gloss of the glass substrate, and a design unit composed of an oxide ceramic composition. The gloss reduction unit may have an irregular structure. The design part may have a regular structure in the cover area in which the design part is formed.

The graphic cover substrate for a solar panel according to the present embodiment includes: forming a design forming layer composed of an oxide ceramic composition and a gloss reduction unit having an uneven shape for reducing gloss on a non-reinforced glass substrate, a substrate preparation and application step; And a strengthening step of forming a design unit integrated with the glass substrate from the design forming layer while strengthening or semi-strengthening the non-reinforced glass substrate by heat strengthening by heat treatment or annealing.

The substrate preparation and application step may include preparing the non-reinforced glass substrate having the gloss reduction unit formed in at least one of an embossed shape and an engraved shape on a surface, a substrate preparation step; And forming the design formation layer on the non-reinforced glass substrate, a coating step.

The gloss reduction unit is composed of non-design irregularities having a shape or a flat shape that is not related to the design to be expressed by the design unit, and in the substrate preparation step, the gloss reduction unit performs one of a chemical etching, sand blasting process, and a polishing process. It can be formed by using.

The gloss reduction unit may be composed of design irregularities that implement at least a part of the design to be expressed by the design unit, and the gloss reduction unit may be formed by a sand blast process or a roller process in the substrate preparation step.

The gloss reduction unit may be formed of uneven coating formed on the non-reinforced glass substrate. Here, the preparing and applying the substrate may include applying a ceramic material layer for forming coating irregularities and the design forming layer for forming the design part on the non-reinforced glass substrate. In the reinforcing step, the coating unevenness and the design portion integrated with the glass substrate may be formed from the ceramic material layer and the design formation layer.

According to the present embodiment, the first cover member or the graphic cover substrate, which is a graphic cover substrate, is provided with a gloss reduction unit together with a design unit so that the solar panel is recognized as a building material, a building, etc., thereby reducing a sense of heterogeneity. Accordingly, the solar panel can have a shape such as wood, leaves, stone, charcoal, brick, concrete, and building panels. Accordingly, it is possible to have excellent aesthetics and appearance while maintaining excellent output of the solar panel.

1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a building to which a solar panel according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

2 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a solar panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2.

4 is a plan view illustrating a first cover member included in the solar panel shown in FIG. 2.

5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line V-V of FIG. 4.

6 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a part of a first cover member according to a modification of the present invention.

7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of manufacturing a first cover member according to an embodiment of the present invention.

8A to 8D are cross-sectional views illustrating each step of the method of manufacturing the first cover member shown in FIG. 7.

9 is a schematic plan view showing a gloss reduction unit and a design unit included in a first cover member according to another embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a first cover member taken along line X-X of FIG. 9.

11 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing a part of a first cover member according to another modified example of the present invention.

12 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing a part of a first cover member according to still another modified example of the present invention.

13 is a plan view schematically showing a gloss reduction unit and a design unit included in the first cover member according to another embodiment of the present invention.

14 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing the first cover member shown in FIG. 13.

15 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing a part of a first cover member according to still another modified example of the present invention.

16 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing a part of a first cover member according to still another modified example of the present invention.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and may be modified in various forms.

In the drawings, in order to clearly and briefly describe the present invention, illustration of parts irrelevant to the description is omitted, and the same reference numerals are used for identical or extremely similar parts throughout the specification. In addition, in the drawings, the thickness and width are enlarged or reduced in order to clarify the description. However, the thickness and width of the present invention are not limited to those shown in the drawings.

In addition, when a certain part "includes" another part throughout the specification, the other part is not excluded and other parts may be further included unless otherwise stated. Further, when a part such as a layer, film, region, plate, etc. is said to be "on" another part, this includes not only the case where the other part is "directly above", but also the case where the other part is located in the middle. When a part such as a layer, a film, a region, or a plate is "directly over" another part, it means that no other part is located in the middle.

Hereinafter, a solar panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, a graphic cover substrate used therein, and a manufacturing method thereof will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present specification, the expressions "first" or "second" are used for distinction from each other, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a building 1 to which a solar panel 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

Referring to FIG. 1, the solar panel 100 according to the present embodiment is, for example, a building-integrated structure applied to an outer wall surface (eg, a vertical wall 3, a roof surface, etc.) It may be a solar panel having. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the solar panel 100 may be installed on the roof of the building 1 or in a place other than the building 1. The solar panel 100 may generate electric power using sunlight supplied from the sun, including a solar cell (reference numeral 150 in FIG. 2 ).

In this embodiment, the solar panel 100 is a graphic cover substrate having a certain color, image, pattern, feeling, texture, etc. or provided with a certain figure, character, etc. (for example, a first cover member (reference numeral in FIG. 2 )). 110, hereinafter the same)) may be included. In this way, the aesthetics and appearance of the solar panel 100 and the building 1 including the solar panel 100 may be improved by the color of the graphic cover substrate. At the same time, it is possible to minimize or prevent a decrease in solar light conversion efficiency of the solar panel 100 by preventing a large loss of sunlight due to the graphic cover substrate. The solar panel 100 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5 together with FIG. 1.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view schematically illustrating a solar panel 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2. 4 is a plan view illustrating an example of a first cover member included in the solar panel shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line V-V of FIG. 4. For the sake of simplicity, FIG. 2 schematically shows the first cover member 110 and the second cover member 120 and does not show the design part 114, the gloss reduction part GR, and the cover part 124, In FIG. 3, the structure of the solar cell 150 is not shown in detail.

2 to 4, the solar panel 100 according to the present embodiment includes a solar cell 150, a sealing material 130 surrounding and sealing the solar cell 150, and on the sealing material 130. A first cover member (front member) 110 located on one side (for example, the front side) of the solar cell 150 and having a design unit 114 that implements a specific color, image, pattern, feel, or texture, and , It may include a second cover member (rear member) 120 located on the other surface (for example, the rear) side of the solar cell 150 on the sealing material 130. Here, at least one of the first cover member 110 and the second cover member 120 (especially, the first cover member 110) may be a graphic cover substrate having a specific color or the like. In this embodiment, at least one of the first cover member 110 and the second cover member 120 constituting the graphic cover substrate (especially, the first cover member 110) has an uneven shape that reduces gloss. It includes a gloss reduction unit GR and a design unit 114 made of an oxide ceramic composition. This will be described in more detail.

In this case, the solar cell 150 may include a photoelectric conversion unit that converts the solar cell into electrical energy, and an electrode that is electrically connected to the photoelectric conversion unit to collect and transmit current. For example, the solar cell 150 may be a solar cell generating electric energy from light in a wavelength range of at least 90 nm to 1400 nm (eg, 100 nm to 1200 nm). In this embodiment, as an example, the photoelectric conversion unit may be composed of a crystalline silicon substrate (eg, a silicon wafer), and a conductive type region including a dopant or a conductive type region formed on or on the crystalline silicon substrate. I can. As such, the solar cell 150 based on the crystalline silicon substrate having high crystallinity and low defects has excellent electrical characteristics. In addition, an anti-reflection film for preventing the incidence of light may be positioned on the front surface of the solar cell 150, and the solar cell 150 has a certain color (for example, blue, black, etc.) due to constructive interference by the anti-reflection film. Can have. For example, the antireflection layer may be formed by vapor deposition or sputtering. Alternatively, an organic dye or an inorganic pigment may be placed on the antireflection film by film formation, printing, spraying, or the like so that the solar cell 150 has a certain color.

And in this embodiment, a plurality of solar cells 150 are provided while being spaced apart from each other, and a plurality of solar cells 150 are electrically connected in series, parallel, or serially parallel by wiring

units

142 and 145 to form a solar cell unit. (SP) can be configured. For example, a plurality of solar cells 150 may be connected in series by a wiring member 142 to form a solar cell string extending long along a first direction (z-axis direction in the drawing). In addition, a bus ribbon 145 extending in a second direction crossing the first direction (the x-axis direction in the drawing) may be provided at an end of the solar cell string. For example, the bus ribbon 145 may be connected to both ends of the wiring member 142 of the solar cell string. The bus ribbon 145 may connect adjacent solar cell strings in a second direction in series, parallel, or serially parallel, or connect the solar cell strings to a junction box that prevents reverse current flow.

The wiring portions 142 and 145 (in particular, the bus ribbon 145) may have a wide portion having a width of 1 mm or more, and a colored member 160 is provided to prevent such a wide portion from being easily recognized from the outside. Can be. The colored member 160 may have a specific color (for example, black, gray, or the same or similar color as the solar cell 150), and may have a different reflectivity from the wide portion of the

wiring parts

142 and 145. have. In addition, the colored member 160 may be formed in a film form, a sheet form, or a tape form having a thickness of 1 mm or less, and may be positioned at a desired position in various ways. For example, the colored member 160 may be positioned by being cohesion or adhesion to the solar cell unit SP (in particular, the bus ribbon 145). Alternatively, the colored member 160 may be fixed to the solar cell unit SP by the sealing material 130 in the lamination process while the colored member 160 is placed on the solar cell unit SP (for example, the bus ribbon 145). Alternatively, the colored member 160 may be formed on the solar cell unit SP (for example, the bus ribbon 145) by surface coating or the like. Here, adhesion refers to an adhesive strength that allows two layers to be attached or separated from each other by physical force at room temperature, and adhesion refers to two layers being attached to each other through heat treatment to separate the two layers. When doing so, it may mean that one of the layers is damaged. The size, shape, and arrangement of the colored member 160 may be variously modified.

However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and structures and methods of the solar cell 150, the

wiring portions

142 and 145, and the colored member 160 may be variously modified. For example, the solar cell 150 may have various structures such as a compound semiconductor solar cell, a silicon semiconductor solar cell, a dye-sensitized solar cell, or only one solar cell 150 may be provided. In addition, various structures and shapes capable of connecting the solar cells 150 such as ribbons and wires to the wiring material 142 may be applied, and materials, shapes, and connection structures of the bus ribbon 145 may be variously modified. The present embodiment is not limited to the number, structure, shape, etc. of the

wiring portions

142 and 145 used in each solar cell 150.

The sealing material 130 includes a first sealing material 131 and a solar cell 150 (more specifically, a solar cell unit SP) and a first cover member 110 positioned between the solar cell 150 (more specifically, the solar cell unit SP). As a result, it may include first and

second sealing materials

131 and 132 positioned between the solar cell unit SP and the second cover member 120. The first sealing material 131 and the second sealing material 132 prevent the inflow of moisture and oxygen, and chemically couple the elements of the solar panel 100. The first and

second sealing materials

131 and 132 may be formed of an insulating material having light-transmitting properties and adhesive properties. For example, as the first sealing material 131 and the second sealing material 132, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin (EVA), polyvinyl butyral, silicon resin, ester resin, olefin resin (for example, polyolefin), etc. Can be used. The first or

second sealing materials

131 and 132 may include one layer or two or more layers.

The solar cell unit (SP) including the second cover member 120, the second sealing material 132, the solar cell 150, and the

wiring units

142, 145, the colored member 160, and the first by a lamination process, etc. The sealing material 131 and the first cover member 110 may be integrated to constitute the solar panel 100. In FIG. 2, the first sealing material 131 and the second sealing material 132 are shown to have a certain boundary, but in reality, they are integrated by a lamination process and may be in an integrated state without having a boundary.

However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, the first and

second sealing materials

131 and 132 may include various materials other than those described above, and may have various shapes.

The first cover member 110 is positioned on the sealing material 130 (for example, the first sealing material 131) to constitute one surface (for example, the front surface) of the solar panel 100, and the second cover member ( 120) is located on the sealing material 130 (for example, the second sealing material 132) to configure the other surface (for example, the rear surface) of the solar panel 100. Each of the first cover member 110 and the second cover member 120 may be formed of an insulating material capable of protecting the solar cell 150 from external shock, moisture, and ultraviolet rays. The first cover member 110 may have light transmittance through which light may be transmitted so as not to block light incident on the solar cell 150. The second cover member 120 may have various characteristics such as light-transmitting, non-transmitting, semi-transmitting, or reflective properties.

In this embodiment, the first and

second cover members

110 and 120 are graphic cover substrates that allow the solar panel 100 to have a desired appearance such as a specific color, image, pattern, feel, texture, etc., or It may be a colored cover substrate that mainly serves to prevent the battery 150 or the

wiring portions

142 and 145 connected thereto from being clearly recognized. For example, in the present embodiment, the first cover member 110 positioned on the front surface of the solar cell 150 may be a graphic cover substrate, and the second cover member 120 may be a colored cover substrate. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications are possible.

Here, the first cover member 110, which is a graphic cover substrate, includes a gloss reduction unit GR having an uneven shape for reducing gloss, and a design unit consisting of an oxide ceramic composition and expressing a specific color, image, pattern, etc. 114). The design part 114 allows the solar panel 100 to have a desired appearance and additionally prevents the solar cell 150 and the

wiring parts

142 and 145 from being easily recognized from the outside.

Here, the first cover member 110 may include a first base member 112 having a gloss reduction portion GR formed on a surface thereof, and a design portion 114 positioned on the first base member 112. .

The first base member 112 may be made of a material having excellent light transmittance (for example, transparent). For example, the first base member 112 may be a glass substrate, a substrate made of a resin (for example, polycarbonate, etc.), a film, a sheet, etc., and may be composed of a single layer or a plurality of layers. have. In particular, the first base member 112 may be made of a reinforced or semi-reinforced glass substrate having excellent transparency, excellent insulating properties, stability, durability, and fire resistance.

At this time, when the solar panel 100 is used as an exterior material of the building 1, the first cover member 110 must have sufficient strength to withstand external impacts such as wind pressure, hail, and snow load. To this end, the first cover member 110 or the first base member 112 may have a deflection of 5 mm or less, or a minimum thickness of 2 mm or more, generated in the direction of receiving the force when a force of 2400 Nm2 is applied. For example, the minimum thickness of the first cover member 110 or the first base member 112 is 2mm or more (for example, 2.8mm to 12mm, more specifically, 2.8mm to 8mm), and the area is 0.04 to 10m2 Can be These figures take the strength, weight, structural stability, productivity, etc. of the solar panel 100 into consideration, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the warpage value, thickness, area, etc. may be changed.

As an example, the first base member 112 has a light transmittance of 80% or more (for example, 85% or more) for light having a wavelength of 380 nm to 1200 nm. Glass substrate). Here, the low iron content glass substrate may mean a glass substrate having an iron oxide content of less than 150 ppm. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may include a glass substrate recognized as a low iron glass substrate in the technical field to which the present embodiment belongs. In this way, when a low-iron glass substrate is used as the first base member 112, reflection of sunlight can be prevented, the transmittance of sunlight can be increased, and the solar cell 150 can be effectively protected from external impact.

However, when a glass substrate (for example, a low iron glass substrate) is used in the solar panel 100 of a building-integrated structure, since the gloss unit is high as 150GU or more (for example, about 200GU) without any other treatment, It can have a different feeling from building materials. Accordingly, even if the design portion 114 is formed on the first base member 112 made of a glass substrate, it may be difficult to recognize the first cover member 110 as a shape such as a building material or a natural object. That is, even if the graphic cover substrate is provided, it may be difficult to recognize the solar panel 100 as a shape of wood, leaves, stone, charcoal, brick, concrete, building panels, etc. due to the high glossiness of the glass substrate. Accordingly, in this embodiment, in addition to the design part 114, the gloss reduction part GR is formed to reduce the glossiness of the first cover member 112, thereby making the first cover member 110 It can be recognized as a shape.

Hereinafter, the design unit 114 will be first described, and then the gloss reduction unit GR will be described.

The design unit 114 includes achromatic colors such as white, gray, black, etc., or chromatic, transparent or translucent characteristics such as red, yellow, green, blue, etc. so that the solar panel 100 has a desired color, image, pattern, etc., It may have a matte or glossy property, a property different from that of the first base member 112 made of a glass substrate, or the like, alone or in combination.

In this embodiment, the design part 114 may be made of an oxide ceramic composition. The design part 114 is a ceramic frit (glass frit) (reference numeral 1144 in FIG. 8B, the same hereinafter), a dye (reference numeral 1142 in FIG. 8B, the same hereinafter), a resin (reference numeral 1146 in FIG. 8B, the same hereinafter) It may be formed using a design forming layer including the like (reference numeral 1140 in FIG. 8B, hereinafter the same). The design formation layer 1140 diffuses and penetrates into the interior of the first base member 112 in a process of strengthening or semi-strengthening the glass substrate constituting the first base member 112 (hereinafter, the glass strengthening step) to form a glass substrate. It may be formed integrally with the first base member 112 while forming a composition gradient portion that is mixed with the material constituting the material. For the manufacturing process of the design forming layer 1140, the ceramic frit 1144, the pigment 1142 and the resin 114, and the design part 114 using the same, a method of manufacturing the first cover member 110 later. This is described in more detail in

According to the above-described manufacturing process, the boundary between the first base member 112 and the design unit 114 is composed of an unclear boundary, but the first base member 112 and the design unit 114 may have an integrated form. have. Here, the unclear boundary is composed of a mixture of a material included in the first base member 112 (for example, a material constituting a glass substrate) and a material included in the oxide ceramic composition constituting the design unit 114 This variable composition gradient portion (mixed portion, intermediate portion, or transition portion) may mean that there is a certain thickness or more (for example, 50 nm or more). The first base member 112 and the composition gradient portion contain at least one of the same material, the composition is partially different, and the composition gradient portion and the design portion 114 contain at least one of the same material, and the composition is partially different. Bar, the first base member 112 and the design portion 114 may have a form integrated with each other by a composition gradient portion.

Accordingly, the first cover member 110 may be composed of a first base member 112 composed of a reinforced or semi-reinforced glass substrate in which the design part 114 composed of an oxide ceramic composition is integrated in a portion in the thickness direction. According to this, the design portion 114 is formed integrally with the first base member 112 so that physical durability and chemical durability may be excellent.

More specifically, the design unit 114 may be formed of an oxide ceramic composition having an amorphous glass structure. For example, the design part 114 may be composed of a glassy oxide ceramic composition. The design unit 114 includes a plurality of metal compounds (eg, metal oxides) including a plurality of metals and non-metals (eg, oxygen) included in the ceramic frit 1144 and/or the pigment 1142 It is formed as a result, and may have an oxygen polyhedron having an irregular network structure including a plurality of metals and oxygen, a glass structure, an irregular network structure, and the like. Whether the design part 114 is provided with an oxide ceramic composition can be determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) or the like.

The above-described oxide ceramic composition may be formed by heat treatment at a temperature lower than a temperature for forming a general oxide ceramic to have an amorphous glass structure. The oxide ceramic composition having a glass structure in an amorphous state may not contain a crystalline portion or may contain only partially. For example, in the oxide ceramic composition having a glass structure in an amorphous state, the amorphous portion may be the same as or more than the crystalline portion, and in particular, the amorphous portion may be included more than the crystalline portion. For example, the oxide ceramic composition having an amorphous glass structure may have a crystallinity of 50% or less (more specifically, less than 50%, for example, 20% or less). For reference, the conventional oxide ceramic refers to an inorganic non-metallic material produced at high temperature and high pressure as an oxide in which ionic bonds, covalent bonds, or bonds thereof are mixed. These oxide ceramics are heat-treated under a high temperature of 850° C. or higher (eg, around 1400° C.) and high pressure to have most of them crystallized.

The design part 114 may include the ceramic frit 1144 as a basic material (eg, a material included most, a material included in an amount of 50 parts by weight or more). In addition, the design unit 114 may further include a pigment 1142 and an additive added as necessary. In addition, since the resin 1146 included in the design forming layer 1140 may be volatilized in the glass reinforcing step, the design portion 114 may or may not include the resin 1146. Even when the dye 1142 is included in the design part 114, the distinction between the ceramic frit 1144 and the dye 1142 of the design part 114 may not be clear. For example, the metal of the material included as the pigment 1142 may exist in a form including metal such as an oxygen polyhedron constituting the ceramic frit 1144, a glass structure, and an irregular network structure. In this way, the ceramic frit 1144 included in the design unit 114 may be determined by various component analysis methods (eg, scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), etc.).

As described above, the design unit 114 according to the present embodiment is composed of an oxide ceramic composition (especially, an oxide ceramic composition having an amorphous glass structure), and has a specific light transmittance form according to a wavelength, a surface roughness, and the like, so that the design unit 114 ), even if the light transmittance is slightly lowered, it is possible to prevent or minimize the decrease in the output of the solar panel 100. The design unit 114 described above may have a larger refractive index (for example, a refractive index of 1.48 or more) than the first base member 112 or the sealing material 130.

In this embodiment, in the design unit 114 composed of an oxide ceramic composition having an amorphous glass structure, the first transmittance, which is the average light transmittance for the light in the infrared region, is the second transmittance, which is the average light transmittance for the light in the visible region. Equal to or greater than the transmittance. In particular, in the design part 114 made of an oxide ceramic composition having an amorphous glass structure, the first transmittance may be greater than the second transmittance. In addition, the design unit 114, which has an amorphous glass structure made of an oxide ceramic composition, has an average light transmittance for light in the ultraviolet region than the first and second transmittances, which are average light transmittances for each of the infrared and visible light. Phosphorus third transmittance may be smaller. Here, light in the ultraviolet region may be defined as light having a wavelength of 100 nm to 380 nm, light in the visible region may be defined as light having a wavelength of 380 nm to 760 nm, and light in the infrared region may be defined as light having a wavelength of 760 nm to 1200 nm. In addition, the average light transmittance may be defined as an average of normalized transmittance so as not to reflect the light transmittance of the first base member 112.

Although there is a difference depending on the color, the tendency of the first transmittance to be equal to or greater than the second transmittance is maintained. This tendency may be realized by the heat treatment temperature and cooling rate in the glass reinforcing step.

As described above, if the first transmittance is equal to or greater than the second transmittance, the amount of light in the infrared region among the light passing through the first cover member 110 and reaching the solar cell 150 even when the design part 114 is provided. It may be equal to or greater than the amount of light in this visible region. Accordingly, even when the light transmittance is slightly lowered by the design unit 114, a large amount of light in the infrared region reaches the solar cell 150 and can be used effectively. Accordingly, even if the light transmittance is slightly lowered by the design unit 114, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 150 or the output of the solar cell panel 100 may be prevented or minimized from being lowered.

And, as described above, the first and second transmittances may be greater than the third transmittance, respectively. This means that the design part 114 has a higher refractive index than the first base member 112 composed of a glass substrate including ceramic frit 1144, a pigment 1142, and additives, and a first base member composed of a glass substrate depending on the material. This is because it has an extinction coefficient higher than (112). Light in the ultraviolet region does not have a large contribution to the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 150 and the output of the solar panel 100, and has high photon energy, so the solar cell 150 and the sealing material 130 It may cause deformation of the back, change of characteristics, etc. In this embodiment, the design unit 114 serves to reduce the transmittance of light in the ultraviolet region by scattering, blocking, or absorbing light in the ultraviolet region. Accordingly, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 150, the deformation of the solar cell 150, the sealing material 130, etc., which may be caused by ultraviolet rays without having a large impact on the output of the solar cell panel 100, change in characteristics, etc. Can be minimized.

For example, in this embodiment, the design part 114 may have a first transmittance greater than the second transmittance by 2% or more. Alternatively, the first difference between the first transmittance and the second transmittance may be greater than the second difference between the second transmittance and the third transmittance. In this case, the solar panel 100 may more effectively use light in the infrared region. The above-described light transmittance may be measured by various methods, and it may be measured by a method capable of measuring both the transmittance of vertical light (normal transmittance) and the transmittance of scattered light (diffused transmittance). For example, the light transmittance can be measured by a standard measurement method such as ISO 9050:2003, BS EN 14500:2008, and the like.

The spectral response (ie, short-circuit current density (Isc) or output generated at a specific wavelength of light) and quantum efficiency of the solar cell 150 based on single crystal silicon in light in the infrared region is high. In the present embodiment, the average light transmittance of light in the infrared region having high spectral response and quantum efficiency is improved, so that even when the light transmittance is slightly decreased by the design unit 114 that implements a specific color, feel, texture, etc. The light in the area can be used effectively. Accordingly, even when the design unit 114 is formed, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 150 or the output of the solar cell panel 100 can be maintained at a high value. Since light in the ultraviolet region has a very low spectral response and quantum efficiency, even if the third transmittance of the design unit 114 is low, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 150 or the output of the solar panel 100 is large. Does not affect

And in this embodiment, the design portion 114 may have a porosity by having a bubble (114V). In the heat treatment process (for example, the glass reinforcing step) for forming the design part 114, the resin 1146 or additives provided in the ceramic material layer or the design forming layer 1140 volatilize, leaving air bubbles (114V) in the corresponding part. can do. When bubbles 114V are present inside the design unit 114, light incident on the solar panel 100 may be dispersed from the bubbles 114V and diffused widely. More specifically, when the design unit 114 includes the air bubbles 114V, diffused transmittance and diffused transmittance occur together, resulting in hemispherical transmittance. Accordingly, light may be scattered so that the air bubbles 114V of the design unit 114 have a hemispherical transmission shape incident into the interior of the solar panel 100. Then, some of the light that may be lost toward the area between the solar cells 150 may be used by directing it to the solar cell 150 or reused by the interface between the design part 114 and the base member 112. Therefore, even when the design unit 114 is provided, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 150 and the output of the solar cell panel 100 can be maintained high by maximizing the amount of light used for photoelectric conversion. As an example, at least a part of the design unit 114 may be located in a portion corresponding to an area between the solar cells 150. In addition, by scattering light so that the air bubbles 114V of the design unit 114 have a hemispherical transmission shape toward the outside of the solar panel 100, anti-glare characteristics may be improved. For example, bubbles 114V having a size of 0.1 μm or more may be provided. In the size of the bubbles 114V, the effect of the bubbles 114V can be maximized.

However, the present invention is not limited thereto. If the ceramic material layer constituting the design unit 114 or the material particles constituting the design formation layer 1140 have a small particle diameter, the manufacturing process can be simplified and manufacturing cost can be reduced. To this end, the ceramic material layer or the design formation layer 1140 may not include a specific additive, and in this case, the air bubbles 114V may not be provided in the design portion 114. Other variations are possible.

The size, area ratio, presence, etc. of the bubbles 114V are determined by the ceramic material layer, the design forming layer 1140, or the design portion 114 (or the pigment 1142 contained therein, the ceramic frit 1144), and the resin ( 1146), additives, etc.), a ceramic material layer, a design forming layer 1140, or a manufacturing method of the design unit 114, a process condition, and the like.

In this embodiment, as described above, since the design unit 114 and the first base member 112 have an unclear boundary, light scattering can be induced by this. In addition, the surface of the design portion 114 (that is, the surface located far from the first base member 112) is a surface larger than the surface of a general glass substrate (for example, the outer surface of the second base member 112) It can have roughness. In particular, when the design part 114 has pores (114V), the surface roughness of the design part 114 including the pores (114V) has a considerably larger value than that of a general glass substrate, thereby effectively inducing light scattering. can do. The design part 114 can effectively induce light scattering due to the high surface roughness at the interface and/or the surface of the design part 114. In particular, when the design unit 114 is located in a corresponding portion between the solar cells 150 (that is, the non-effective area NA), light caused by scattering from the design unit 114 is transmitted to the solar cell 150 Can be used for photoelectric conversion. Accordingly, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 150 and the output of the solar cell panel 100 can be maintained high.

The design part 114 may have a thickness of 20 μm or less, and may have a thickness of 1 μm or more. The thickness of the design part 114 may vary according to the manufacturing process of the design part 114. When the thickness of the design part 114 exceeds 20 μm, the light transmittance may be reduced as a whole, and phenomena such as peeling or cracking of the design part 114 may occur. In addition, since the design part 114 can play a role of alleviating tensile stress in the glass reinforcing step, when the thickness of the design forming layer 1140 or the design part 114 is increased, the first base member 112 is strengthened. You can make sure it doesn't do what you want. If the thickness of the design part 114 is less than 1 μm, it may be difficult to implement a desired appearance, and when the color 1142 is included, the density of the colorant 1142 decreases, and thus it may be difficult to display a desired color. As an example, the thickness of the design unit 114 may be 4 μm or more so that the effect of the design unit 114 can be sufficiently implemented, and the design unit ( 114) may have a thickness of less than 15 μm (for example, 10 μm or less). At this time, if the thickness of the design part 114 is less than 15um, a design part 114 having various shapes, colors, etc. is provided by minimizing the difference in light transmittance according to the presence or absence of the design part 114 and the color of the design part 114 Even in the case of doing so, it is possible to make the light incident uniformly throughout. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the thickness of the design part 114 can be adjusted according to the color. For example, when the design part 114 has a white color having a relatively low light transmittance, a thickness smaller than that of the design part 114 of another color may be adjusted. I can have it.

On the other hand, the conventional layer formed on the first cover member 110 (for example, the anti-reflection layer) has low light transmittance in the infrared region, so that the amount of light in the infrared region is lower than the light in the visible region in the light reaching the solar cell. As a result, it was difficult to effectively use the light in the infrared region. For example, the antireflection layer for preventing reflection has the greatest light transmittance at a corresponding wavelength so as to prevent reflection of light having a short wavelength of about 600 nm, which has the strongest intensity of sunlight. Even when a layer (for example, an anti-reflection layer) provided in the conventional first cover member 110 is made of the same or similar material as the design part 114, if it does not have a ceramic shape, it is The average light transmittance for the infrared region is smaller than the average light transmittance for the infrared region. In addition, the antireflection layer has a refractive index of about 1.3, which is smaller than that of the first base member 112 and the sealing material 130, and has a thickness of 500 nm or less (for example, about 200 nm). Accordingly, characteristics are different from that of the cover forming layer 114 of the present embodiment, and it is difficult to effectively use the light in the infrared region. In addition, in most cases, since the layer provided on the first cover member 110 is formed by being stacked on the first cover member 112, a layer provided on the first cover member 110 (for example, A composition mixed portion or the like is not provided at the interface of the antireflection layer).

The first cover member 110 according to the present embodiment may implement a desired appearance by the design unit 114. For example, the color, material, area ratio, thickness, etc. of the design part 114, or the material, size, concentration, density, etc. of the ceramic frit 1144 and the pigment 1142 included in the design part 114 By adjusting, the appearance and transmittance of the first cover member 110 may be adjusted. In this embodiment, the design part 114 is lower than that of the first base member 112, but has a certain light transmittance, so that a part of sunlight can be transmitted. Then, sunlight can be transmitted through the design unit 114 as well, so that light loss by the design unit 114 can be prevented or minimized. For example, the design unit 114 or the first cover member 110 having the same has a light transmittance of 10% or more for light having a wavelength of 380 nm to 1200 nm (for example, 10% to 95%, more specifically, 20% to 95%). However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, the light transmittance may have various values depending on the color, material, and formation area of the design unit 114.

In this embodiment, the design unit 114 may have various shapes for implementing a specific shape or the like. For example, the design unit 114 may have a regular structure in the cover area CA in which the design unit 114 is formed. Here, the cover area CA means an area recognized as having the same color, image, pattern, feel, texture, etc. so that a certain color, image, pattern, feel, texture, etc. can be realized.

As shown in (a) of FIG. 4, if a plurality of design units 114 are positioned so that they have substantially the same shape and size with each other and have a repetitive arrangement shape at uniform intervals in the cover area CA, a rule structure Can be seen as having. As shown in (a) of FIG. 4, if the design part 114 has a regular structure having a uniform spacing in the entire area of the cover area CA and is located in plural and is formed at a certain area ratio or more, it is separated by a certain distance. As shown in (b) of FIG. 4, the cover area CA in which the plurality of design units 114 are located may be recognized as one area having a uniform shape as a whole.

The size of the design unit 114, the ratio of the total area of the design unit 114 to the total area of the cover area CA, the spacing of the design unit 114, etc. When looking at the design unit 114, it may have various values that can be recognized as one area. The design unit 114 constituting the cover area CA may have various shapes including a circle, an ellipse, a polygon (triangle, square, etc.), a stripe shape, a checkered shape, an irregular shape, or a combination thereof. According to this, sunlight passes through the first cover member 110 without significant loss through the light transmitting part (LTA) composed of the first base member 112 having high light transmittance located between the plurality of design parts 114 and the solar cell Can be delivered to 150. Accordingly, when the solar panel 100 is viewed from a distance sufficient to view the exterior of the building 1, the design unit 114 improves the appearance of the building 1 by the rule structure, but does not reduce the output significantly. I can.

In the above-described structure, it is illustrated that the design part 114 is formed in the first cover member 110 or a part of the cover area CA. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the design part 114 may be formed on the first cover member 110 or the entire area of the cover area CA. It can be seen that the design portion 114 is formed in the first cover member 110 or the entire area of the cover area CA as having a regular structure. The ratio of the total area of the plurality of design units 114 to the total area of the first cover member 110 or the cover area CA may be 5% to 100%. For example, the ratio of the total area of the plurality of design units 114 to the total area of the first cover member 110 or the cover area CA may be 90% or less (for example, 50 to 80%). Even if the design unit 114 is provided in this range, the uniformity of light incident on the solar panel 100 may be improved. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, the total area ratio of the design unit 114 may have various values in consideration of the appearance and output of the solar panel 100 according to the installation location of the solar panel 100, the color and shape of the design unit 114, etc. have.

In addition, the above description and FIG. 4 illustrate that the design unit 114 has a rule structure within the cover area CA. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, the design part 114 may have an irregular structure such as being located inside the cover area CA with non-uniform spacing, it is difficult to find a rule of an arrangement form, or does not have a uniform shape.

In this embodiment, the gloss reduction unit GR has an intaglio shape (concave or groove), a relief shape (protrusion), or both intaglio and embossed shapes formed on the surface of the first base member 112 made of a glass substrate. It can be composed of irregularities. In this way, when the gloss reduction part (GR) is formed in an intaglio shape or an embossed shape, the gloss reduction part (GR) can be formed by a simple process, and since it is not applied with a separate material, it enters the solar panel 100. It is possible to prevent or minimize the loss of light.

Here, the gloss reduction unit GR having an uneven shape may have various shapes, arrangements, and structures. For example, the gloss reduction unit GR may have a random structure.

Here, having an irregular structure may have an irregular shape, an irregular arrangement, or an asymmetric structure when viewed in a cross-section and/or a plane. That is, when viewed in cross section, the gloss reduction unit GR has a plurality of intaglio-shaped irregularities having different depths, sizes, and/or intervals, or embossed irregularities having different heights, sizes, and/or intervals. A plurality of concave-convex shapes or concave-convex convexities and concave-convex convexities may be provided together, and the plurality of concave-convexities may be formed with different heights, sizes, and/or intervals. Alternatively, when viewed in a plan view, the gloss reduction unit (GR) has a plurality of irregularities having different lengths, widths, and/or shapes, or a plurality of irregularities having different angles that cross each other, or a curve that is not a straight line A portion or a round portion may be provided irregularly, or a plurality of irregularities may be provided at different intervals. Accordingly, the gloss reduction unit GR may have an asymmetric structure when viewed with respect to an arbitrary line in a cross-section and/or a plane, and may not have a symmetric structure when viewed with respect to any line.

As described above, when the gloss reduction portion GR has an irregular structure, the effect of reducing the gloss of the glass substrate constituting the first base member 112 is superior compared to having a regular structure. In particular, when the first base member 112 is formed of a low-iron glass substrate having high gloss, the gloss reduction unit GR having an irregular structure may effectively reduce gloss. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and even if the gloss reduction effect is somewhat low, the gloss reduction unit GR may have a regular structure.

More specifically, in this embodiment, the gloss reduction unit GR may be a non-design irregularity (NGR) that does not contribute to a specific design because it has a shape or a flat shape that is not related to the design to be expressed by the design unit 114. have. These non-design irregularities (NGR) may be formed over the entire area of the first base member 112 to reduce gloss.

These non-design irregularities (NGR) may be formed by a chemical etching process, a sand blast process, a polishing process, or the like. As the first base member 112 having non-design irregularities (NGR) as described above (that is, a glass substrate having non-design irregularities (NGR)), etching glass, satin glass, or the like may be used.

The non-design irregularities (NGR) may have a surface roughness of 0.1 μm or more (eg, 0.1 μm to 5 μm). For example, when the non-design irregularities (NGR) are formed by a chemical etching process, they may have a surface roughness of 0.1 um to 1 um (for example, 0.1 um to 0.5 um), and the non-design irregularities (NGR) are sandblasted. When formed by a process or a polishing process, it may have a surface roughness of 0.1 um to 5 um (eg, 0.5 um to 1 um).

The glossiness of the first base member 112 having such non-design irregularities (NGR) (that is, a glass substrate having non-design irregularities (NGR)) is 100GU or less (for example, 80GU or less, for example, 60GU). Or less). This glossiness is very low considering that the glossiness of a glass substrate having a surface roughness of less than 0.1 μm (eg, 200GU) is not provided with the gloss reduction unit GR.

The gloss reduction unit GR may be located on the outer surface of the first cover member 110. That is, in this embodiment, the gloss reduction unit GR may be formed on the outer surface of the first base member 112. If the gloss reduction unit GR is located on the inner surface of the first base member 112, it can be recognized that light is already scattered from the outer surface of the first base member 112 to have high gloss, so the gloss reduction unit GR This is because it is difficult to sufficiently implement the gloss reduction effect by.

In this embodiment, the design portion 114 may be formed on the outer surface of the first base member 112 on which the gloss reduction portion GR is formed and may be positioned on the outer surface of the first cover member 110. Then, the effect of lowering the glossiness of the first base member 112 may be improved, and contamination of the first cover member 110 may be prevented by placing a contaminant or the like in the gloss reduction unit GR. At this time, the gloss reduction unit GR and/or the design unit 114 may form the outer surface of the first cover member 110, and on the outer surface of the first cover member 110 (that is, the gloss reduction unit GR ) And/or on the outer surface of the design part 114), an antifouling layer (reference numeral 116 in FIG. 6) may be additionally formed.

For example, in FIG. 3, it is illustrated that the light diffusion unit LD is located on the inner surface where the design unit 114 is not formed. The light diffusion unit LD diffuses light to prevent recognition of the solar cell 150 as much as possible, and improves uniformity of colors and the like by the design unit 114. For example, when the light diffusion unit LD is formed in contact with the sealing material 130, it may serve to improve adhesion by increasing an adhesion area with the sealing material 130. For example, the light diffusion unit LD may have a size of 10 to 500 μm, and may have various shapes such as a rounded shape (eg, a shape corresponding to a part of a sphere), an angled shape, and a pyramid shape. The above-described light diffusion unit LD may have a shape protruding in an embossed shape or may have a concave shape in an intaglio shape. The light diffusion units LD may have a regular structure positioned so as to have substantially the same shape and size with each other and have a repetitive arrangement shape at uniform intervals. The light diffusion unit LD has a large size and a regular structure, so it is difficult to have an effect of reducing gloss.

In this embodiment, the surface roughness of the non-design irregularities (NGR) may be equal to or less than the maximum size of the light diffusion unit LD (eg, the maximum height difference between the peak and the valley). . Accordingly, it is possible to sufficiently secure the thickness of the first base member 112 by reducing the surface roughness of the non-design irregularities (NGR). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the surface roughness of the non-design irregularities (NGR) may be larger than the maximum size of the light diffusion unit (LD).

And the size (size or area on the plane) of the design part 114 may be larger than the size (size or area on the plane) of the non-design irregularities (NGR), and accordingly, the design part 114 is a plurality of bins. It may be formed to cover the self-indentation (NGR). Accordingly, a sufficient size of the design unit 114 can be secured, thereby simplifying the process of forming the design unit 114 and stably implementing a desired appearance by the design unit 114.

In addition, the surface roughness of the non-design irregularities (NGR) may be the same as, greater than, or less than the surface roughness of the design portion 114 without considering the pores 114V. As an example, the surface roughness of the non-design unevenness (NGR) may be greater than the surface roughness of the design portion 114 not taking into account the pores 114V. In addition, the surface roughness of the non-design irregularities (NGR) may be equal to, greater than, or less than the surface roughness in consideration of the pores 114V in the design portion 114. For example, as an example, the surface roughness of the non-design unevenness (NGR) may be smaller than the surface roughness in consideration of the pores 114V in the design part 114. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications are possible.

Meanwhile, the second cover member 120 may have excellent fire resistance and insulation. More specifically, the second cover member 120 may include a second base member 122 and a cover portion 124 formed on the second base member 122. The cover portion 124 may be a colored cover substrate that prevents the solar cell 150 or the

wiring portions

142 and 145 connected thereto from being clearly recognized.

The description of the first base member 110 described above may be applied as it is to the second base member 120 except for the gloss reduction unit GR. That is, a description of the material, bending strength, thickness, area, and steel transmittance of the first base member 110 may be applied to the second base member 120 as it is. For example, the second base member 120 may be a glass substrate, for example, a low iron glass substrate, more specifically, a reinforced or semi-reinforced low iron glass substrate. In addition, since the outer surface of the second base member 120 is not separately treated, it may be an untreated surface in which the gloss reduction portion (GR) or non-design unevenness (NGR) is not formed, but may have a surface roughness of less than 0.1 μm. have.

In addition, the cover portion 124 may be made of an oxide ceramic composition. The description of the oxide ceramic composition in relation to the design part 114 may be applied as it is to the oxide ceramic composition of the cover part 124 except for color and the like. For example, a boundary between the second base member 122 and the cover portion 124 may be configured as an unclear boundary, but the second base member 122 and the design unit 124 may be integrated. Accordingly, the second cover member 120 may be formed of a second base member 122 formed of a reinforced or semi-reinforced glass substrate in which the cover portion 144 made of an oxide ceramic composition is integrated in a portion in the thickness direction. According to this, the cover portion 124 is formed integrally with the second base member 122, so that physical durability and chemical durability may be excellent. More specifically, the cover portion 124 may be made of an oxide ceramic composition (eg, a glassy oxide ceramic composition) having an amorphous glass structure.

In this case, the color of the cover part 124 may be the same as or different from the color of the design part 114. In particular, the cover portion 124 may not be formed as transparent or translucent, and may have an achromatic color other than white, an opaque color, or a color of the same series as the solar cell 150. For example, the cover portion 124 is black, gray, blue, green, brown, a color of the same series as the solar cell 150 (especially, the anti-reflection layer of the solar cell 150), or a color mixture thereof Can have. Since white is a color having high brightness, it may be difficult to form the cover portion 124 using it. For example, when the cover part 124 is formed in the same color as the solar cell 150, the solar panel 100 has uniformity of color as a whole, so that aesthetics may be further improved. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Even in colors other than the above-described colors, various colors may be used as long as they have a lower brightness than the design portion 114 or a light transmittance lower than that of the first base member 112 and/or the second base portion 122.

As described above, if the second cover member 120 includes the second base member 122 and the cover portion 124 made of an oxide ceramic composition, the first and

second cover members

110 and 110 are formed by the same or similar manufacturing process. 120) can be formed, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process.

However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the cover portion 124 may be made of a material other than the oxide ceramic composition. For example, the second cover member 120 is formed on the second base member 122 and the second base member 122, and one or more cover layers, cover films, or metal films (for example, black It may include a cover portion 124 made of silver (Ag) or aluminum) coated to have a color. The cover layer or cover film is formed in a number capable of implementing a specific color, and each colored layer, cover film, or metal film may be made of various materials such as a dielectric material, an insulating material, a semiconductor material, a metal material, and the like.

For example, the cover portion 124 may implement the same or similar color as the antireflection layer of the solar cell 150. For example, the cover portion 124 includes a silicon layer including silicon constituting the photoelectric conversion unit of the solar cell 150, and a dielectric layer or an insulating layer positioned on the silicon layer and having the same material and stacked structure as the antireflection layer. can do. Then, the cover portion 124 may have the same or similar color as the solar cell 150, and thus the same or similar color as the solar cell 150 may be implemented. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively prevent the solar cell 150 and the

wiring portions

142 and 145 from being recognized by a simple structure.

As another example, the cover portion 124 may include a plurality of cover layers each composed of a metal compound (eg, metal oxide or metal nitride oxide). For example, the plurality of cover layers may have a structure in which a plurality of insulating layers composed of oxides or nitride oxides including silicon, titanium, aluminum, zirconium, zinc, antimony, and copper are stacked. And when the plurality of cover layers are composed of oxide or nitride oxide, the cover portion 124 further includes a layer containing silicon nitride and/or a layer containing silicon carbide nitride inside or outside the plurality of cover layers. , UV rays, moisture, etc. can prevent problems.

For example, if the cover portion 124 includes a first cover layer composed of silicon oxide, a second cover layer disposed thereon and composed of silicon nitride, and a third cover layer disposed thereon and composed of silicon carbide nitride, The cover portion 124 may have a blue color. Alternatively, the cover portion 124 is a first cover layer composed of zirconium oxide, a second cover layer disposed thereon and composed of silicon oxide, a third cover layer disposed thereon and composed of zirconium oxide, and a silicon oxide disposed thereon Including the fourth cover layer including, the cover portion 124 may have a green color.

According to the present embodiment, the cover portion 124 can be formed by a simple manufacturing process such as deposition or attachment, so that the second cover member 120 having a desired color can be manufactured. The cover portion 124 may be located on the inner surface and/or the outer surface of the second cover member 120.

Alternatively, the second cover member 120 may be configured as a single member that is integrated without the second base member 122 and the cover portion 124. For example, the second cover member 120 may be formed of a metal plate (eg, a steel plate), a circuit board, a colored glass, or the like. In addition, the second cover member 120 or the second base member 122 is a resin (for example, polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET)), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ethylene). Tetra fluoro ethylene, ETFE), polytetrafluoroethylene (poly tetra fluoro ethylene, PTFE), etc.) can be composed of a sheet containing, fiber reinforced plastic (fiber reinforced plastic), and the like. A separate cover portion 124 may be formed on the second base member 122 made of such a sheet, or a pigment may be included in the second base member 122 to have a certain color. The second base member 122 made of such a sheet or the like may be made of a single layer or a plurality of layers.

In this embodiment, the second cover member 120 (or the cover portion 124) or the colored member 160 is the International Lighting Commission (CIE) Lab (ie, CIE L*a*b*) color coordinate, D65 standard light source The color difference (β level of 11 or less) between the solar cell 150 (especially, the antireflection layer of the solar cell 150) and the second cover member 120 or the colored portion 160 in the (noon solar light source) The above-described color difference (when the β level is 11 or less, the solar cell 150, the

wiring parts

142, 145, etc. can be prevented from being recognized outside a certain distance. CIE) Lab (ie, CIE L*a*b*) color coordinate, D65 may have a relatively dark color with a luminance (L*) of 50 or less in a standard light source. , 145), etc. may not be effectively recognized from the outside, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the luminance in the International Lighting Commission (CIE) Lab (ie, CIE L*a*b*) color coordinates, D65 standard light source (L*) may exceed 50 to have a relatively bright color.

In addition, in the above description, it is illustrated that the second cover member 120 is formed of a colored cover member having a predetermined color. In this way, if the second cover member 120 has a certain color and prevents the solar cell 150 from being recognized, it is not necessary to change the color of the sealing material 130. Including a pigment (eg, carbon black) for changing the color of the sealing material 130 may cause problems such as deterioration of the insulating properties of the sealing material 130 undesirably. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, various modifications are possible, such as a pigment or the like provided on at least a part of the sealing material 130.

In FIG. 3, it is illustrated that the design part 114 is located on the outer surface side of the first cover member 110 and the cover part 124 is located on the outer surface side of the second cover member 120. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

As a modified example, as shown in FIG. 6, the cover portion 114 may be located on the inner surface side of the first cover member 112. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a portion corresponding to FIG. 5. An antifouling layer 116 covering the gloss reduction unit GR is formed on the outer surface of the first cover member 112 on which the gloss reduction unit GR is formed, so that contamination can be prevented and the gloss reduction unit GR can be protected. have. 6 illustrates that a light diffusion unit (reference numeral LD in FIG. 3, hereinafter the same) is not provided on the inner surface of the first cover member 112 on which the cover unit 114 is formed, but the light diffusion unit LD on the inner surface Is formed and the cover part 114 may be formed on the light diffusion part LD.

As another modification, the cover portion 114 may be positioned on the inner and outer sides of the first cover member 112, respectively. In addition, the cover portion 124 may be positioned on at least one of an inner surface and an outer surface of the second cover member 120. In addition, as described above, the light diffusion part LD may or may not be formed on the cover part 114 or the other surface on which the cover part 124 is not formed. Other variations are possible.

According to this embodiment, the first cover member 110, which is a graphic cover substrate, has a gloss reduction unit GR along with the design unit 114 so that the solar panel 100 is recognized as a building material, a building, etc. You can reduce the sense of heterogeneity. Accordingly, the solar panel 100 may have a shape such as wood, leaves, stone, charcoal, brick, concrete, and building panels. Accordingly, while maintaining excellent output of the solar panel 100, it is possible to have excellent aesthetics and appearance.

Hereinafter, a design part 114 composed of an oxide ceramic composition having an amorphous glass structure as described above with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8A to 8D together with FIGS. 1 to 5 is a first base member 112. ) (Ie, a method of manufacturing the first cover member 110 having the design portion 114 according to the present embodiment or a method of manufacturing a graphic cover substrate according to the present exemplary embodiment) will be described in detail. In the following description, a method of manufacturing the first cover member 110 having the design portion 114 has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the following description may be applied to a method of manufacturing the second cover member 120 having the cover portion 124. Other variations are possible.

7 is a flowchart showing an example of a method of manufacturing the first cover member 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 8A to 8D are a method of manufacturing the first cover member 110 shown in FIG. 7 These are cross-sectional views showing each step of.

Referring to FIG. 7, the manufacturing method of the first cover member 110 according to the present embodiment includes a substrate preparation step (S10), an application step (S20), a glass strengthening step (S40), and a finishing step (S50). can do.

As shown in FIG. 8A, in the substrate preparation step (S10), a first base member 112 comprising a non-reinforced glass substrate and having a gloss reduction portion GR (for example, non-design irregularities (NGR)) is provided. Prepare. For example, the gloss reduction unit GR may have an irregular structure.

In this embodiment, the gloss reduction unit GR may be formed by various methods. For example, the gloss reduction unit GR may be formed on a non-reinforced glass substrate not provided with the gloss reduction unit GR by using at least one of a chemical etching process, a sand blasting process, and a polishing process. As the chemical etching process, a spray process, a dipping process, or the like may be used, and as an etching material used in the chemical etching process, hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or a mixture thereof may be used. Various process conditions known as sand blasting or polishing can be applied. Alternatively, after performing a chemical etching process (eg, a chemical etching process using a paste), a polishing process may be performed to form the gloss reduction unit GR. Since the glass substrate may become somewhat opaque if only the chemical etching process is performed, the transparency is restored by performing an additional polishing process. Other various processes are possible.

In this case, the non-reinforced glass substrate may have a light transmittance of 80% or more (for example, 85% or more) for light having a wavelength of 380 nm to 1200 nm, a minimum thickness of 2 mm, and a low iron content glass substrate. For example, the non-reinforced glass substrate is an architectural non-reinforced glass substrate, and may be prepared by cutting, chamfering, or surface processing. The prepared non-reinforced glass substrate or the first base member 112 may be cleaned and dried before or after the formation process of the gloss reduction unit GR. As a result, foreign substances or oil films of the non-reinforced glass substrate or the first base member 112 may be removed.

After the substrate process, a preheating process of preheating the first base member 112 at a temperature lower than the drying step S30 or the glass reinforcing step S50 may be performed. As an example, the first base member 112 may be preheated to a temperature of 25 to 150° C. during a process in which the first base member 112 is supplied to the apparatus for the application step S20. In this case, the preheating may be performed by directly heating the first base member 112 or may be performed using an infrared heating device or the like. If preliminary heating is performed on the first base member 112, the design forming layer 1140 including the ceramic frit 114 may be uniformly applied in the design forming step S20, and the adhesion of the design forming layer 1140 may be reduced. You can improve. However, depending on the process, for example, when the design formation layer 1140 is formed by a thermal transfer process, the preheating process may not be performed.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8B, in the application step S20, a design formation layer 1140 is formed on the first base member 112. For example, the design formation layer 1140 may be formed on the surface on which the gloss reduction portion GR is formed in the first base member 112. The design formation layer 1140 may be formed by various methods, including a printing process (eg, a screen printing process, a digital inkjet printing process, a lithographic printing process, a laser printing process, etc.), a thermal transfer process, a spray process, a sol- It can be formed by various processes such as a gel process. According to the printing process, when the design formation layer 1140 is formed, the design formation layer 1140 can be stably formed to have a desired thickness through a simple process. According to the thermal transfer process, the design formation layer 1140 may be stably formed on the first base member 112 having various shapes such as a gloss reduction portion GR or other curved shapes.

The design formation layer 1140 may be formed of a ceramic material layer (such as ceramic ink, ceramic paste, or ceramic solution) including a ceramic frit 1144, a pigment 1142, and a resin 1146. In addition, the ceramic material layer may further include an additive or the like as necessary. Various materials such as oxides and metals may be included as additives in consideration of desired properties. Alternatively, it may further include wax, water, oil, an organic solvent, or a viscosity adjusting diluent for adjusting the viscosity as an additive. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and additives may not be included so as to retain small particles for passing through a nozzle for applying a mesh used for forming a ceramic material layer and a ceramic material layer.

Here, the ceramic frit 1144 basically serves to stably couple the design part 114 to the first base member 112 (in particular, a glass substrate), and selectively implements a specific color, texture, and feel. Can play a role.

The ceramic frit 1144 is a compound including a plurality of metals and a non-metal, and may be formed including a plurality of metal compounds. The ceramic frit 1144 may be composed of a plurality of metals, and an oxygen polyhedron having a glass structure or an irregular network structure including oxygen. When a plurality of metal compounds are each composed of a metal oxide, an irregular network structure or a glass structure can be easily and stably formed. In the present specification, saying that it may be formed including a plurality of metal compounds (eg, metal oxide) means that a ceramic frit ( 1144) may mean that a compound structure including a plurality of metals and a non-metal (for example, oxygen), an irregular network structure, a glass structure, and the like are formed at least in part.

Various materials known as the ceramic frit 1144 may be included. For example, the ceramic frit 1144, along with silicon oxide (SiOx, for example, SiO ₂ ), aluminum oxide (AlOx, for example, Al ₂ O ₃ ), sodium oxide (NaOx, for example, Na ₂ O), bismuth oxide (BiOx, for example, Bi ₂ O ₃ ), boron oxide (BOx, for example, B ₂ O) and zinc oxide (ZnOx, for example, ZnO) based on at least one of It may be formed by including a material. Other ceramic frit 1144 is aluminum oxide, sodium oxide, bismuth oxide, boron oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide (TiOx, for example, TiO ₂ ), zirconium oxide (ZrOx, for example, ZrO ₂ ), potassium Oxide (KOx, for example, K ₂ O), lithium oxide (LiOx, for example, Li ₂ O), calcium oxide (CaOx, for example, CaO), cobalt oxide (CoOx), iron oxide (FeOx) It may be formed to further include, and the like. For example, the ceramic frit 1144 is a bismuth boro-silicate-based ceramic material (for example, Bi ₂ O ₃ -Al ₂ O) formed by including bismuth oxide, boron oxide, and silicon oxide. -SiO ₂ series material). Alternatively, the ceramic frit 1144 is composed of a NAOS-based ceramic material (for example, Na ₂ O-Al ₂ O ₃ -SiO ₂ -based material) formed including sodium oxide, aluminum oxide, and silicon oxide. Can be. Alternatively, the ceramic frit 1144 may be formed of a ceramic material (eg, a ZnO-SiO ₂ -B ₂ O ₃ based material) formed of zinc oxide, silicon oxide, or boron oxide. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the ceramic frit 1144 may be formed of various other materials.

The pigment 1142 is included so that the design part 114 has a desired appearance. For example, when the design unit 114 has a certain color, a material capable of displaying a unique color by selectively absorbing or reflecting visible light in sunlight with the dye 1142 may be used. For example, the pigment 1142 may be a pigment. The pigment is a pigment composed of an inorganic component that is not dissolved in water and most organic solvents, and shows a color by covering the surface of the first base member 112. Pigments are excellent in chemical resistance, light resistance, weather resistance and hiding power. In other words, the pigment is resistant to bases and acids, does not discolor or fade when exposed to UV rays, and can withstand the climate well. For reference, if dyestuffs composed of organic components soluble in an organic solvent are used as a dye, the molecular structure may be easily broken by sunlight, which may deteriorate stability. The manufacturing process can be complicated. Accordingly, in this embodiment, the dye 1142 may not include a dye. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the dye 1142 may include various substances such as dyes.

The pigment 1142 may be made of a material that considers the appearance of the desired design part 114. In the drawings, the dye 1142 is shown to be provided separately from the ceramic frit 1144, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, a desired appearance of the design portion 114 may be realized by a material constituting the ceramic frit 1144 and thus the pigment 1142 may not be provided separately from the ceramic frit 1144. Alternatively, the distinction between the ceramic frit 1144 and the pigment 1142 may not be clear. In the present embodiment, the metal of the material included as the pigment 1142 may be included by partially substituting a metal of an irregular network structure or a glass structure (eg, an oxygen polyhedron) constituting the ceramic frit 1144. Alternatively, the metal included in the dye 1142 may be located in an irregular network structure, a glass structure, or an interstitial site of an oxygen polyhedron of the ceramic frit 1144.

For example, the design part 114 may have a white color due to a metal compound (eg, metal oxide) included in the ceramic frit 1144. For example, when the ceramic frit 1144 is formed to include at least one of lead oxide (PbOx, for example, PbO), titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, and bismuth oxide, the design part 114 is white. I can have it. In this case, when the design part 114 has a white color, it may further include a material such as boron oxide in addition to the above-described material. For example, when the design part 114 has a white color, the ceramic frit 1144 is formed of a ceramic material (BiOx-SiOx-B ₂ O-based material) formed of bismuth oxide, silicon oxide, and boron oxide, lead oxide, and Ceramic material formed including silicon oxide and boron oxide (PbOx-SiOx-B ₂ O-based material), ceramic material formed including titanium oxide, silicon oxide, and boron oxide (TiOx-SiOx-B ₂ O-based material) , aluminum oxide, ceramic materials (AlOx _SiOx-2 B-O-based material) that is formed including the silicon oxide and boron oxide may be of a like. However, lead oxide may not be included in the design part 114 or the ceramic frit 1144 according to the present embodiment in consideration of environmental issues.

As another example, various pigments 1142 may be included so that the design unit 114 has a color other than white. That is, in consideration of a desired color, one or two or more substances corresponding thereto may be used as the pigment 1142. The material constituting the dye 1142 may be formed of a metal or an oxide, carbide, nitride, sulfide, chloride, silicate, or the like containing a metal.

For example, containing at least one of copper (Cu), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), uranium (U), and vanadium (V) to represent a series of red, yellow, etc. A substance or the like can be used as the pigment 1142. A material including at least one of titanium (Ti), magnesium (Mg), and rutile may be used as the pigment 1142 in order to represent a series of green or blue colors. In addition, the dye 1142 is cobalt oxide, iron oxide, copper oxide (CuOx), chromium oxide (CrOx), nickel oxide (NiOx), manganese oxide (MnOx), tin oxide (SnOx), antimony oxide (SbOx), vanadium. It may include oxide (VOx) and the like.

As a more specific example, as the pigment 1142, CoAl ₂ O ₄ may be used _{to implement cyan, and Co 2} SiO ₄ may be used to implement blue, and green may be used. _{CoCr 2} O ₄ etc. can be used for spherical shape, Ti(Cr, Sb)O ₂ can be used for yellow color, CoFe ₂ O ₄ for black color, and Co-Cr-Fe-Mn Spinel or the like can be used. Alternatively, as the pigment 1142, NiO, Cr ₂ O _3, etc. can be used to implement green, and to implement pink, Cr-Al spinel, Ca-Sn-Si-Cr spin, Zr-Si-Fe zircon And the like, Sn-Sb-V rutile to realize gray, Ti-Sb-Ni rutile, Zr-V badelite, etc. to realize yellow, and Co- Zn-Al spinel, Zn-Fe-Cr spinel for brown color, Ca-Cr-Si garnet for green color can be used, and Co-Zn-Si willemite, Co- for dark blue color. Si olivine, etc. can be used, Zn-Fe-Cr-Al spinel, etc. can be used to implement brown, and Au or the like can be used to implement magenta. These materials are only presented as an example, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

The above description exemplifies that the design unit 114 has a certain color. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, the design unit 114 may have a transparent or translucent color, may be glossy or matte, may be used to express a specific texture, or to prevent glare. In this case, the design part 114 may include the pigment 1142 but may not include the pigment 1142. In this case, in order to prevent the design part 114 from having white, the ceramic frit 1144 may not contain lead oxide, aluminum oxide, etc. that may exhibit white. For example, when the design part 114 has a transparent or translucent color, the ceramic frit 1144 is a ceramic material (NaOx-SiOx-B ₂ O-based material) formed of sodium oxide, silicon oxide, and boron oxide. It can be composed of. Titanium oxide and bismuth oxide are materials that can be used to implement white color, but even if some are included, the design part 114 may be kept transparent or translucent. However, even when the design part 114 has a transparent or translucent color, a small amount of a pigment or pigment 1142 may be included for a slight color development (for example, a red color translucent, a green color transparent, etc.).

The resin 1146 is a material used to uniformly mix the pigment 1142 and the ceramic frit 1144 to have an appropriate viscosity and fluidity when applying the ceramic material layer, and may be a volatile material that may be volatilized. . The resin 1146 may include various known materials. For example, as the resin 1146, an organic resin such as an acrylic resin or a cellulose resin may be used, or an inorganic resin such as a silicone resin may be included.

The ceramic material layer or design formation layer 1140 contains the ceramic frit 1144 in the largest amount, and even when the pigment 1142 is included, the pigment 1142 may be included in a smaller amount than the ceramic frit 1144. For example, in the case of including the dye 1142, the ceramic frit 1144 is 40 to 90 parts by weight (for example, 50 to 90 parts by weight) based on 100 parts by weight of the ceramic material layer or the design formation layer 1140. Including, the pigment 1142 may be included in an amount of 5 to 50 parts by weight, and the resin 1146 and/or an additive may be included in an amount of 0 to 20 parts by weight. When the pigment 1142 is not separately included, the ceramic frit 1144 is included in an amount of 50 to 100 parts by weight (for example, 60 to 100 parts by weight) based on 100 parts by weight of the ceramic material layer or the design forming layer 1140. , The resin 1146 and/or the additive may be included in an amount of 0 to 50 parts by weight (for example, 0 to 40 parts by weight). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the ceramic material layer or the design formation layer 1140 may have various compositions.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8C, in the drying step (S30), heat is applied to dry the ceramic material layer or the design formation layer 1140 to volatilize the resin 1146. The resin 1146 and the like are first volatilized so that the pigment 1142 and the ceramic frit 1144 can be effectively mixed together with the first base member 112. In the drying step (S30), all of the resin 1146 may be removed, or a part of the resin 1146 may remain. At this time, bubbles (pores) (reference numeral 114V in FIG. 8D) composed of empty spaces may remain in a portion from which at least a portion of the portion from which the resin 1146 is removed. For example, in the drying step (S30), the ceramic material layer or the design formation layer 1140 is dried at a temperature of 200°C or less (for example, 150°C or less, for example, 50 to 200°C, more specifically 50 to 150°C. The drying step S30 may be performed using an infrared heating device, ultraviolet curing, etc. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the drying temperature and drying method may be variously changed.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8D, in the glass strengthening step S40, the non-reinforced glass substrate constituting the first base member 112 is strengthened or semi-strengthened by thermal strengthening by heat treatment or annealing. At that time, the ceramic frit 1144, the pigment 1142, etc. included in the design formation layer 1140 are mixed into the reinforced or semi-reinforced glass substrate in order to match the phase equilibrium. A design part 114 is formed that is integrated with the tempered glass substrate. Here, the design formation layer 1140 may have a greater specific gravity than the first base member 112 due to a high mass ratio. Then, the design formation layer 1140 is fused and sticky due to the high temperature in the glass reinforcing step (S40). As it is, it may be more easily incorporated into the inside of the first base member 112 made of a glass substrate.

In the glass strengthening step (S40), it may be performed at a temperature capable of strengthening or semi-strengthening the non-tempered glass substrate. For example, the heat treatment temperature of the glass reinforcing step (S40) may be 500 to 800°C, for example, 500 to 750°C, for example, 640 to 720°C, and in a state that is not subjected to high pressure (for example, normal pressure or It can be heat treated at a pressure lower than normal pressure). For example, in the case of reinforcement, it may be heat-treated at a pressure of 5 to 20 kPa, and in the case of semi-reinforcement, 4 kPa. At this time, the heat treatment time may be adjusted according to the pressure. If the pressure is high, the heat treatment time may be relatively short, and if the pressure is low, the heat treatment time may be relatively long. However, the present invention is not limited to the temperature, pressure, time, etc. of the glass reinforcing step (S40).

For example, in the glass reinforcing step (S40), the non-reinforced glass substrate constituting the first base member 112 may be semi-reinforced. Accordingly, the first base member 112 or the first cover member 110 may be formed of a heat strengthened glass substrate (heat strengthened glass). Accordingly, the transmittance of the first cover member 110 can be maintained high. Here, the first cover member 110 made of semi-tempered glass may have a surface compressive stress of 60 MPa or less (eg, 24 to 52 MPa). For example, the edge stress of the first cover member 110 may be about 30 to 40 MPa. That is, the semi-tempered glass may be formed by slow cooling after heat treatment at a temperature slightly lower than the softening point. For reference, the fully tempered glass may be formed by rapid cooling after heat treatment at a temperature higher than the softening point, and the surface compressive stress is 70 to 200 MPa.

As described above, in this embodiment, the light transmittance of the design unit 114 may be maintained high by adjusting the heat treatment temperature and cooling rate in the glass reinforcing step (S40). In particular, by keeping the heat treatment temperature within a certain range and lowering the cooling rate to a certain level, the design unit 114 has an amorphous glass structure, so that the average light transmittance for light in the infrared region may be relatively high. In contrast, if the heat treatment temperature is not maintained within a certain range and/or the cooling rate or pressure is too high, the infrared region due to a phase change of the amorphous glass structure due to a change in the chemical structure of the oxide ceramic composition, which is a cover part, or a change in the interface bonding between the glass substrates. It may be difficult to have an average light transmittance of light of a higher level than the average light transmittance of the visible light region. And if the heat treatment temperature is less than a certain level (for example, less than 600 ℃, for example, less than 640 ℃), the possibility that the design part 114 may be peeled off from the base member 112 may increase, and the heat treatment temperature is constant. If the level is exceeded (for example, more than 720°C, for example, more than 700°C), it may be difficult for the design unit 114 to have the desired characteristics, such as the design unit 114 does not have a desired color or the transmittance tendency changes. .

Subsequently, in the finishing step (S50), the first cover member 110 on which the glass reinforcing step (S40) has been performed is washed and dried. Then, the manufacturing of the first cover member 110 having the integrated design portion 114 is completed.

In this case, the content of sodium or potassium in the ceramic material layer, the design formation layer 1140, or the design portion 114 may be similar to or lower than the sodium or potassium content of the first base member 112. In particular, the content of sodium and potassium in the ceramic material layer, the design formation layer 1140, or the design portion 114 may be respectively lower than the sodium and potassium content of the first base member 112. As an example, the ceramic material layer, the design formation layer 1140, or the design part 114 may contain 10×10 ¹⁸ pieces/cc or less, respectively, of sodium and potassium. Conversely, when the ceramic material layer, the design formation layer 1140, or the design unit 114 contains sodium or potassium in excess of the above-described range, a potential-induced degradation (PID) phenomenon occurs due to leakage current. Reliability of the solar panel 100 may be deteriorated. In addition, since the ceramic material layer, the design formation layer 1140, or the design portion 114 does not contain lead and/or chromium (for example, lead oxide and/or chromium oxide), environmental problems may not occur. For example, the amount of sodium, potassium, and lead contained in the ceramic material layer, the design formation layer 1140, or the design unit 114 may be measured or determined by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS).

After laminating the graphic cover substrate or the first cover member 110, the first sealing material 131, the solar cell part (SP), the first sealing material 132, the second cover member 120, etc. They are integrated by performing a lamination process that is applied. In other words, the sealing material 130 completely fills the space between the first cover member 110 and the second cover member 120, which is melted and cured at a high temperature of the lamination process and compressed by pressure. The battery part SP can be sealed. Accordingly, the space between the first cover member 110 and the second cover member 120 may be completely filled by the sealing material 130. Thereby, the solar panel 100 is manufactured. Accordingly, the solar panel 100 including the first cover member 110, which is a graphic cover substrate, can be formed through a simple and stable manufacturing process.

According to the present embodiment, it is possible to improve productivity by simplifying the manufacturing process of the first cover member 110 including the design unit 114 and the gloss reduction unit (GR) and the solar panel 100 including the same. . In addition, when printing the design forming layer 1140, the thickness, transmittance, print density, printing area, etc. of the design forming layer 1140 can be adjusted to improve the aesthetics and aesthetics of the solar panel 100 while maintaining the output above a certain level. .

Hereinafter, a solar panel according to other embodiments of the present invention, a graphic cover substrate used therein, and a method of manufacturing the same will be described in detail. Detailed descriptions of parts that are the same or extremely similar to those of the above description will be omitted, and only different parts will be described in detail. In addition, a combination of the above-described embodiment or a modified example thereof and the following embodiment or modified examples thereof also falls within the scope of the present invention.

9 is a schematic plan view showing a gloss reduction unit and a design unit included in a first cover member according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the first cover member shown in FIG. 9 to be. For reference, FIG. 9(a) shows a gloss reduction part, and FIG. 9(b) shows a first cover member including a gloss reduction part and a design part formed in part A of FIG. 9(a). .

9 and 10, the gloss reduction unit GR according to the present embodiment serves as an auxiliary design unit for specifying the design to be expressed by the design unit 114 in addition to the role of reducing gloss. It may be a design unevenness (DGR) to be performed. Such design irregularities (DGR) may have a specific shape for realizing a specific design such as building materials and natural objects. For example, wood grain of wood, rings, etc., stem shape of leaves, pattern of stone, pattern of charcoal, Design irregularities (DGR) may be partially formed along at least a portion of the boundary line of the brick. In addition, the design unit 114 may be a part that expresses a material, a natural object, etc. to be expressed, such as a color such as wood, leaves, stone, charcoal, and brick. Then, the design to be expressed by the design unit 114 can be implemented more similarly to the actual design while reducing gloss.

Such design irregularities (DGR) may also have an irregular structure. This is because the above-described construction materials, natural objects, etc., such as wood grains, rings, stems, etc., generally do not have a regular structure. That is, the design irregularities DGR may have an irregular shape, an irregular arrangement, or an asymmetric structure when viewed in a cross-section and/or plan view. More specifically, when viewed in cross section, design irregularities (DGR) are provided with a plurality of intaglio-shaped irregularities having different depths, sizes, and/or intervals, or relief-shaped irregularities having different heights, sizes, and/or intervals. It can be provided with a plurality of. Alternatively, as illustrated in FIG. 11 as a modified example, a plurality of irregularities may be formed while having different heights, sizes, and/or intervals while the concave-convex and the concave-convex are provided together. Or, in a plan view, a plurality of irregularities having different lengths, widths, and/or shapes of the design irregularities GR are provided, or a plurality of irregularities having different angles crossing each other are provided, or a curved portion that is not a straight line Alternatively, round portions may be irregularly provided, or a plurality of irregularities may be provided at different intervals. Accordingly, the design unevenness (DGR) may have an asymmetric structure when viewed with respect to an arbitrary line in a cross-section and/or a plane, and may not have a symmetrical structure when viewed with respect to any line.

9 and 10, in the present embodiment, the design irregularities DGR may have an irregular structure, and the design portion 114 may be provided in plural while having a regular structure. In the present embodiment, the design unit 114 is a first design unit located in an uneven area NGA in which the design unevenness DGR is not formed (the unevenness area NGA located between adjacent design unevennesses DGR). 114a) and a second design portion 114b formed by overlapping at least a portion of the design irregularities DGR. In the uneven area NGA, a portion in which the first design portion 114a is formed and a portion in which the first design portion 114a is not formed may be included. In the uneven area GA in which the design unevenness DGR is formed, a portion where the second design portion 114b covers the entire design unevenness DGR, and a part of the design portion 114b overlaps a part of the design unevenness DGR. Other parts may include all the parts that do not overlap with the design irregularities (DGR). In addition, the gloss reduction unit GR (for example, the design irregularities DGR) and the design unit 114 may be positioned while having various arrangement relationships, so that a plurality of parts having different arrangement relationships may exist.

Since the design irregularities (DGR) are partially formed corresponding to specific parts such as building materials and natural objects, they may be formed to be less than 50% of the total area of the first cover member 110. For example, when the light diffusion unit LD is provided, the number of design irregularities DGR may be smaller than the number of peaks or valleys of the light diffusion unit LD in a cross section. Accordingly, problems such as a decrease in strength of the first cover member 110 and an increase in defect rate due to the design irregularities DGR can be prevented.

Such design irregularities (DGR) may be formed by a sand blast process, a roller process, or the like. For example, in the sand blasting process, sand may be locally sprayed on a portion of the first base member 112 where the design irregularities DGR are to be formed, thereby forming the design irregularities DGR having a desired planar shape. And in the roller process, in the process of forming the first base member 112, by forming the first base member 112 using a roller having a protrusion or an uneven portion corresponding to the design unevenness (DGR), Design irregularities (DGR) can be formed. The design irregularities DGR may have various cross-sectional shapes such as a rounded shape, a sharp shape, a U shape, a V shape, a triangular shape, and a square shape.

The design irregularities DGR may have a maximum depth or maximum height (eg, a maximum height difference between a ridge and a valley) of 5 μm or more (eg, 10 μm to 500 μm). For example, when design irregularities (DGR) are formed by a sand blasting process, they may have a maximum depth or a maximum height of 5um to 40um (for example, 10um to 40um), and the design irregularities (DGR) are formed by a roller process. When formed, it may have a maximum depth or maximum height of 40um to 500um. In addition, the maximum depth or maximum height of the design irregularities DGR may be within 10% of the thickness of the first base member 112 (maximum thickness in the portion where the design irregularities DGR is not formed). Outside of this range, the thickness of the first base member 112 may decrease in the portion where the design irregularities DGR are formed, so that the defective rate may increase. However, the present invention is not limited to the difference in depth or height of the design irregularities (DGR).

In this embodiment, the maximum depth or maximum height of the design irregularities DGR may be equal to, less than, or greater than the maximum height of the light diffusion unit LD (for example, the maximum height difference between the peaks and valleys). . In addition, the maximum width of the design irregularities DGR may be smaller than the maximum width or the maximum distance of the light diffusion unit LD (eg, a distance between a ridge and a ridge or a distance between a valley and a valley). Accordingly, problems such as a decrease in strength of the first cover member 110 and an increase in defect rate due to the design irregularities DGR can be prevented. Alternatively, in consideration of the design, the maximum width of the design irregularities DGR may be equal to or greater than the maximum width or maximum interval of the light diffusion unit LD. Then, the effect of reducing the gloss of the design irregularities (DGR) can be improved.

In addition, the maximum depth or maximum height of the design irregularities DGR may be equal to, greater than, or less than the surface roughness of the design portion 114 without considering the pores 114V. For example, the maximum depth or maximum height of the design irregularities DGR may be greater than the surface roughness of the design portion 114 without considering the pores 114V. In addition, the maximum depth or maximum height of the design irregularities DGR may be equal to, greater than, or less than the surface roughness in consideration of the pores 114V in the design portion 114.

In addition, the maximum width of the design irregularities DGR may be equal to, greater than, or less than the maximum width of the design portion 114. For example, when the maximum width of the design irregularities DGR is less than the maximum width of the design portion 114, the design portion 114 formed to cover one or more multi-design irregularities DGR may be included. Accordingly, a sufficient size of the design unit 114 can be secured, thereby simplifying the process of forming the design unit 114 and stably implementing a desired appearance by the design unit 114. In addition, problems such as a decrease in strength of the first cover member 110 and an increase in defect rate due to the design irregularities DGR can be prevented. However, the present invention is not limited thereto and may be variously modified according to a desired design.

The glossiness of the first base member 112 having such design irregularities (DGR) (that is, the glass substrate having the design irregularities (DGR)) is 100GU or less (for example, 80GU or less, for example, 60GU or less) Can be This glossiness is very low considering that the glossiness of a glass substrate having a surface roughness of less than 0.1um because it does not have design irregularities (DGR) is 150GU or more (for example, 200GU).

In this embodiment, it is illustrated that the design unit 114 includes both the first design unit 114a located in the uneven area NGA and the second design unit 114b located in the uneven area GA. As a modified example, as shown in FIG. 12, the design portion 114 includes a first design portion 114a located in an uneven area NGA, and includes an uneven area GA or a design unevenness DGR. The overlapping second design portion 114b may not be included. In this case, the third design portion 114c may or may not be provided with a portion corresponding to the shape of the design irregularities (DGR) partially removed from a portion adjacent to the irregularities area (GA) or the design irregularities (DGR). have. Even if the third design part 114c has a different shape and area than the first design part 114a, since the plurality of first design parts 114a located in the uneven area NGA are regularly arranged, the design part 114 ) Can be seen as having a regular shape. Similarly, even if the design portion 114 is formed in the entire area of the first cover member 110 and only a portion corresponding to the uneven area GA or the design unevenness DGR has been removed, the uneven area ( In the NGA), the design portion 114 is formed as a whole, so it can be considered to have a regular shape.

In this way, the design unevenness (DGR) plays a role in reducing gloss and as an auxiliary design unit that embodies the design to be expressed by the design unit 114, thereby reducing gloss and expressing it by the design unit 114. You can implement the design you want to be more similar to the actual one. Accordingly, the aesthetics and appearance of the solar panel 100 can be effectively improved.

In this embodiment, it is illustrated that the gloss reduction unit GR and the design unit 114 are located on the outer surface side of the first cover member 110 and the light diffusion unit LD is located on the inner surface side of the first cover member 110. . However, the locations of the gloss reduction unit GR, the design unit 114, and the light diffusion unit LD may be variously modified. In addition, various modifications are possible, such as not including the light diffusion unit LD.

13 is a plan view schematically showing a gloss reduction unit and a design unit included in a first cover member according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the first cover member shown in FIG. This is a partial cross-sectional view.

13 and 14, the gloss reduction unit GR according to the present embodiment may include a coating irregularity CGR formed to have an irregular shape by printing or the like. For example, the coating unevenness (CGR) may be formed of an oxide ceramic composition. Since the coating unevenness (CGR) including the oxide ceramic composition has a low gloss of 25GU or less, if it is formed to have an irregular shape, the gloss reduction effect may be very excellent. And unlike the above-described non-design irregularities (NCR) or design irregularities (DGR) provided with irregularities formed on the surface of the first base member 112, the bar is formed on the first base member 112, the first base member 112 ) Can be sufficiently secured, and it is possible to minimize unwanted damage or impact to the first base member 112.

For example, the coating unevenness (CGR) may have an irregular structure while having a shape irrelevant to the design to be implemented in the design portion 114, like the non-design unevenness (DGR) described above. For example, a plurality of coating irregularities CGR may be irregularly distributed and positioned over the entire area of the first cover member 110 to reduce gloss.

Here, the term having an irregular structure may have an irregular shape, an irregular arrangement, or an asymmetric structure when viewed in plan and/or cross-section. For example, in a plan view, a plurality of portions having different lengths, widths, and/or shapes of coating irregularities (CGR) are provided, or a plurality of portions having different angles intersecting each other are provided, or are not straight The curved portion or the round portion may be irregularly provided, or may include a plurality of portions provided at different intervals. Additionally, when viewed in cross section, a plurality of portions having different thicknesses of the coating unevenness (CGR) may be provided. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and a plurality of coating irregularities (CGR) may have substantially the same thickness (for example, a thickness having an error within 10%). Accordingly, the coating unevenness (CGR) may have an asymmetric structure when viewed with respect to an arbitrary line in a cross-section and/or a plane, and may not have a symmetric structure when viewed with respect to any line. That is, when viewed in cross section, a plurality of portions having different thicknesses of the coating unevenness (CGR) may be provided.

For example, the coating unevenness (CGR) may have a color, brightness, saturation, etc. different from that of the design part 114. The coating unevenness (CGR) has a color such as transparent, translucent, and the like, so that a decrease in light transmittance due to the coating unevenness (CGR) can be minimized. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the coating unevenness (CGR) may have various other colors.

As another example, the coating unevenness (CGR) may have an irregular structure while playing a role as an auxiliary design portion that embodies the design to be expressed by the design portion 114, like the design unevenness (DGR) described above. Such coating irregularities (CGR) may have a specific shape for realizing a specific design such as building materials and natural objects. For example, wood grain of wood, rings, etc., stem shape of leaves, pattern of stone, pattern of charcoal, Coating irregularities (CGR) may be partially formed along at least a portion of the boundary line of the brick. For example, the coating unevenness (CGR) may be formed to represent an irregular uneven portion, an irregular solid line portion, a wave pattern portion, etc., such as marble formed by having a color different from other portions of marble or mixed with impurities. In this way, when the coating unevenness (CGR) is expressed as a part of the design to be suitable for the design, it can be recognized more like a building material or a natural object by the user's visual and tactile sense.

In this way, the coating irregularities (CGR) contributing to the design may have various relationships with the design unit 114 and are arranged while having a certain shape, color, and the like to assist in realizing a desired design. In this case, in consideration of the color of the solar cell 150, the color of the design unit 114, the arrangement, and the like, the color of the coating irregularities (CGR), and the like may be selected.

For example, a marble pattern with white dots or solid white lines on a black background is a pattern representing a white dot or solid white line and/or a base part with a color lighter than the base color of the desired marble (for example, gray). It may be formed by forming the design portion 114 including the portion and forming a coating unevenness (CGR) having transparency or white color. At this time, in a portion corresponding to each pattern portion, all or a portion of the coating irregularities (CGR) may be formed to cover the pattern portion of the design portion 114 as a whole. According to this, the effect due to the coating irregularities (CGR) can be maximized. Even if the design part 114 having a light color is formed, the solar panel 100 can be recognized as black by the solar cell 150, so if the color of the design part 114 is made light in this way, the design part ( 114) through the light transmittance can be improved.

As another example, a marble pattern having a relatively pale color or a white background color with black dots, etc., forms a design part 114 including a background part having a pale color or a slight white color and/or a pattern part expressing black dots. And, it may be formed by forming the coating irregularities (CGR) having a darker color than the design portion 114. At this time, in a portion corresponding to each pattern portion, all or a portion of the coating irregularities (CGR) may be formed to cover the pattern portion of the design portion 114 as a whole. According to this, the effect due to the coating irregularities (CGR) can be maximized. Since the solar panel 100 is recognized to be blacker by the solar cell 150, the background portion may have a relatively light color or a little white color, and the pattern portion may have a relatively dark color. Alternatively, the design portion 114 including a base portion having a light color or white color as the design portion 114 may be formed, but the design portion 114 may not be formed in a portion corresponding to the pattern portion expressing a black point. have. In addition, a dark color, transparent or translucent coating unevenness (CGR) may be formed on a portion corresponding to the pattern portion. If the coating unevenness (CGR) has a dark color, the pattern portion may be recognized blacker by the color of the coating unevenness (CGR) and the solar cell 150, and when the coating unevenness (CGR) is transparent or translucent, the solar cell 150 The pattern portion may be recognized as darker by the color.

The above-described examples are only examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

In this embodiment, the coating irregularities CGR may have an irregular structure, and the design portion 114 may be provided in plural while having a regular structure. In this embodiment, the design unit 114 is a first design unit located in an uneven area NGA (a non-recessed area NGA located between adjacent coated unevenness CGR) in which the coating unevenness (CGR) is not formed. 114a) and a second design portion 114b formed by overlapping at least a portion of the coating irregularities CGR. In the uneven area NGA, a portion in which the design portion 114 is formed and a portion in which the design portion 114 is not formed may be included. And if at least a portion of the coating irregularities (CGR) overlapping with a part or the whole of one design portion 114, a portion of which overlaps with one or more design portions 114 and the other portion does not overlap with the design portion 114 In this case, the coating irregularities (CGR) covering the first base member 112, the coating irregularities (CGR) covering the first base member 112 without overlapping the design portion 114 (for example, covering by contacting), the entire It may include all of the coating irregularities (CGR), etc. located on the design part 114. In addition, the coating unevenness (CGR) and the design portion 114 may be positioned while having various arrangement relationships.

Since the coating unevenness (CGR) is partially formed corresponding to a specific portion such as a building material or a natural object, it may be formed to be less than 50% of the total area of the first cover member 110. For example, when the light diffusion unit LD is provided, the number of coating irregularities CGR may be smaller than the number of peaks or valleys of the light diffusion unit LD in a cross section. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the coating irregularities (CGR) are formed to be 50% or more of the total area of the first cover member 110, or the number of coating irregularities (CGR) is the peak of the light diffusion unit (LD) or It may be equal to or greater than the number of valleys.

In this way, when the coating irregularities (CGR) have an irregular structure, the effect of reducing the gloss of the glass substrate constituting the first base member 112 is superior compared to having a regular structure. In particular, when the first base member 112 is formed of a low-iron glass substrate having high gloss, glossiness may be effectively reduced by coating irregularities (CGR) having an irregular structure. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and although the gloss reduction effect is somewhat low, the coating irregularities (CGR) may have a regular structure.

The coating unevenness (CGR) according to the present embodiment may be formed by applying a ceramic material layer, drying, and heat treatment. For example, by repeatedly performing the coating step (S20) and the drying step (S30) shown in FIG. 7 and performing the glass reinforcing step (S40), 1 The base member 112 may be formed. More specifically, a ceramic material for preparing a non-reinforced glass substrate to be used as the first base member 112, applying a ceramic material layer for forming the design part 114 and drying it, and forming coating irregularities (CGR) After the layer is applied and dried, a process of strengthening or semi-strengthening the glass substrate may be performed. Here, the coating unevenness (CGR) or the ceramic material layer for forming the same may contain a dye (reference numeral 1142 in FIG. 7B, hereinafter the same) or may not contain a dye. The ceramic material layer for the coating unevenness (CGR) and the ceramic material layer for the design part 114 may include the ceramic frit 1144 and the resin 1146 in the same material or content, and the ceramic frit 1144 ), resin 1146, and the like may be included in different materials or contents. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and after the ceramic material layer for the design part 114 is applied and a ceramic material layer for coating unevenness (CGR) is applied thereon, they may be dried together. At this time, in the substrate preparation step (S10), the first base member 112 has a gloss reduction unit GR (for example, non-design irregularities (NGR) or design irregularities (DGR)) provided in an embossed and/or engraved form on the surface. )) may or may not be included.

In this embodiment, the first base member 112 and the design portion 114, and the first base member 112 and the coating irregularities (CGR) may have an unclear boundary including a composition gradient portion, and the design portion ( 114) and the coating unevenness (CGR) may have an unclear boundary in which the design portion 114 includes a composition gradient portion. Accordingly, the first base member 112, the design portion 114, and the coating unevenness (CGR) may be integrally formed with each other.

Alternatively, a non-reinforced glass substrate to be used as the first base member 112 is prepared, a ceramic material layer for forming coating irregularities (CGR) is applied and dried, and a ceramic material layer for forming the design part 114 is formed. After coating and drying, a step of strengthening or semi-strengthening the glass substrate may be performed. According to this, as shown in FIG. 15, a coating unevenness (CGR) is formed (for example, contact) on the first base member 112, and a design on the first base member 112 and/or the coating unevenness (CGR) The part 114 may be formed (for example, contact). Accordingly, the first base member 112 and the coating irregularities (CGR), and the first base member 112 and the design portion 114 may have an unclear boundary including a composition gradient portion, and the coating irregularities (CGR) The and design portion 114 may have an unclear boundary including a composition gradient portion. Accordingly, the first base member 112, the coating unevenness (CGR), and the design portion 114 may be integrally formed with each other.

In this embodiment, the thickness (for example, the maximum thickness) of the coating unevenness (CGR) may be greater than the thickness (for example, the maximum thickness) of the design portion 114. Accordingly, the gloss reduction effect due to the coating irregularities (CGR) can be sufficiently realized, the texture due to the irregularities can be sufficiently realized, and the decrease in light transmittance by the design unit 114 can be prevented or minimized. For example, the thickness of the coating unevenness (CGR) is 10um or more (for example, 15um or more, 50um or less), and the thickness of the design part 114 is less than 15um (for example, less than 10um, 1um or more). have. However, the present invention is not limited to the thickness of the coating irregularities (CGR), the thickness of the design portion 114, and the like.

The glossiness of the first base member 112 having such coating irregularities (CGR) (that is, a glass substrate having coating irregularities (CGR)) is 100GU or less (for example, 80GU or less, for example, 60GU or less) Can be This glossiness is very low considering that the glossiness of a glass substrate without coating irregularities (CGR) is 150GU or more (for example, 200GU).

In this embodiment, it is illustrated that the design unit 114 includes both the first design unit 114a located in the uneven area NGA and the second design unit 114b located in the uneven area GA. As a modified example, as shown in FIG. 16, the design portion 114 includes a first design portion 114a located in an uneven region NGA, and includes an uneven region GA or a coating unevenness (CGR). The overlapping second design portion 114b may not be included. In this case, the third design portion 114c may or may not be provided with a portion corresponding to the shape of the coating irregularities (CGR) partially removed from a portion adjacent to the irregularities area GA or the coating irregularities (CGR). have. Even if the third design part 114c has a different shape and area than the first design part 114a, since the plurality of first design parts 114a located in the uneven area NGA are regularly arranged, the design part 114 ) Can be seen as having a regular shape. Similarly, even if the design portion 114 has a shape in which only portions corresponding to the uneven regions GA or the coating unevenness (CGR) are removed while being formed over the entire area of the first cover member 110, the uneven regions ( In the NGA), the design portion 114 is formed as a whole, so it can be considered to have a regular shape.

When the coating irregularities (CGR) are formed in this way, the design to be expressed by the design unit 114 can be realized more similarly to the actual one by effectively recognizing it as a building material, a natural object, etc. even visually and tactilely. Accordingly, the aesthetics and appearance of the solar panel 100 can be effectively improved.

Features, structures, effects, and the like according to the above are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to only one embodiment. Furthermore, the features, structures, effects, and the like illustrated in each embodiment may be combined or modified for other embodiments by a person having ordinary knowledge in the field to which the embodiments belong. Therefore, contents related to such combinations and modifications should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

Solar cells;

A sealing material surrounding and sealing the solar cell;

A first cover member positioned on one side of the solar cell on the sealing material; And

A second cover member positioned on the sealing material on the other side of the solar cell

Including,

The first cover member includes a first base member, a gloss reduction portion having an uneven shape for reducing the gloss of the first base member, and a design portion formed on the first base member and composed of an oxide ceramic composition. Solar panel.
The method of claim 1,

The solar cell panel having the gloss reduction portion irregular structure (random structure).
The method of claim 1,

A solar panel in which a plurality of portions having different arrangement relations between the design portion and the gloss reduction portion are present.
The method of claim 1,

The design portion is a solar panel having a regular structure in the cover area in which the design portion is formed.
The method of claim 1,

A solar panel provided with the gloss reduction unit in an intaglio and embossed shape formed on the surface of the first base member.
The method of claim 5,

The solar cell panel consisting of non-design irregularities having a shape or a planar shape irrelevant to the design to be expressed by the design unit.
The method of claim 5,

A solar panel configured with design irregularities for implementing at least a part of the design to be expressed by the design unit for the gloss reduction unit.
The method of claim 7,

The design irregularities are formed in less than 50% of the total area of the first cover member solar panel.
The method of claim 1,

The solar cell panel consisting of a coating irregularity formed on the first base member in the gloss reduction part.
The method of claim 9,

A solar panel in which at least a portion of the coating irregularities is formed on the design portion, or a portion of the design portion is formed on the coating irregularities.
The method of claim 9,

The coating irregularities are composed of an oxide ceramic composition having a color, brightness, or saturation different from the design portion,

A solar panel in which the thickness of the coating irregularities is greater than the thickness of the design portion.
The method of claim 1,

The solar cell panel in which the gloss reduction part is located on the outer surface side of the first cover member.
The method of claim 12,

A solar panel in which a light diffusion unit having a concave or embossed shape having a regular structure is formed on an inner surface of the first base member.
The method of claim 13,

The gloss reduction unit is composed of non-design irregularities having a flat shape or a shape irrelevant to the design to be expressed by the design unit provided in intaglio and relief shapes formed on the surface of the first base member,

A solar panel in which the surface roughness of the non-design irregularities is smaller than the maximum size of the light diffusion unit.
The method of claim 13,

The gloss reduction unit is composed of design irregularities that implement at least a part of the design to be expressed by the design unit provided in an intaglio and embossed form formed on the surface of the first base member,

A solar panel having a smaller number of design irregularities than the number of peaks or valleys of the light diffusion unit.
The method of claim 1,

The first base member comprises a glass substrate,

The glass substrate is a solar panel comprising a low iron glass substrate having an iron oxide content of less than 150 ppm.
The method of claim 1,

A solar panel in which the design part is composed of a glassy oxide ceramic composition.
A graphic cover substrate for a solar panel comprising a glass substrate, a gloss reduction unit having an uneven shape for reducing the gloss of the glass substrate, and a design unit composed of an oxide ceramic composition.
The method of claim 18,

A graphic cover substrate for a solar panel having an irregular structure in the gloss reduction part.
The method of claim 18,

The graphic cover substrate for a solar panel having a regular structure in the cover area in which the design part is formed.
A substrate preparation and application step of forming a design forming layer composed of an oxide ceramic composition and a gloss reduction unit having an uneven shape for reducing gloss on an unreinforced glass substrate; And

Reinforcing step of forming a design unit integrated with the glass substrate from the design forming layer while strengthening or semi-strengthening the non-reinforced glass substrate by heat strengthening by heat treatment or annealing

A method of manufacturing a graphic cover substrate for a solar panel comprising a.
The method of claim 21,

The substrate preparation and application step,

A substrate preparation step of preparing the non-reinforced glass substrate having the gloss reduction unit formed in at least one of an embossed form and an engraved form on a surface; And

Forming the design formation layer on the non-reinforced glass substrate, comprising a coating step, a method of manufacturing a graphic cover substrate for a solar panel.
The method of claim 22,

The gloss reduction unit is composed of non-design irregularities having a shape or a flat shape irrelevant to the design to be expressed by the design unit,

In the substrate preparation step, the gloss reduction portion is formed using one of a chemical etching, a sand blasting process, and a polishing process.
The method of claim 22,

The gloss reduction unit is composed of design irregularities that implement at least a part of the design to be expressed by the design unit,

In the substrate preparation step, the gloss reduction portion is formed by a sand blasting process or a roller process, a method of manufacturing a graphic cover substrate for a solar panel.
The method of claim 21,

The gloss reduction unit is composed of uneven coating formed on the non-reinforced glass substrate,

The substrate preparation and application step includes applying a ceramic material layer for forming coating irregularities and the design formation layer for forming the design part on the non-reinforced glass substrate,

In the reinforcing step, the ceramic material layer and the design forming layer are used to form the coating irregularities and the design portion that are integrated with the glass substrate.