WO2021057025A1 - Frequency mixing-based frequency response measurement method and device for photodetector - Google Patents
Frequency mixing-based frequency response measurement method and device for photodetector Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A frequency mixing-based frequency response measurement method and device for a photodetector. Said method comprises: using two microwave signals with angular frequencies of Δω and ωe to modulate two homogenous optical carriers respectively, so as to respectively obtain a carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulation signal and a carrier-suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal, ωe < Δω; coupling the carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulation signal and the carrier-suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal, and then inputting same into a photodetector to be measured, and measuring a Δω + ωe component and a Δω - ωe component in an optical current signal outputted by said photodetector; and according to the measured data, calculating frequency responses of said photodetector at frequencies of Δω + ωe and Δω - ωe. The present invention can break through the limitation of the bandwidth of the electro-optic modulator, double the measurement range of the photoelectric frequency response, improve the measurement efficiency, and reduce the measurement time and the measurement cost.
Description
本发明涉及一种光电探测器频响测量方法，尤其涉及一种基于混频的光电探测器频响测量方法及装置，属于光电器件测量和微波光子学相交叉的技术领域。The invention relates to a method for measuring the frequency response of a photoelectric detector, in particular to a method and a device for measuring the frequency response of a photodetector based on frequency mixing, and belongs to the technical field of the intersection of photoelectric device measurement and microwave photonics.
光纤通信具有抗电磁干扰、抗腐蚀、质量轻、容量大等诸多优点，因而广泛应用于高能物理、抗核辐射通信系统、潜艇、军舰、飞机、导弹控制通信系统以及互联网等众多领域。当前光纤通信正往高速率、高效率、大容量以及长距离光纤传输方向发展。随着信息化程度越来越高，对光纤通信传输系统的速率也提出了相应的要求。Optical fiber communication has many advantages such as anti-electromagnetic interference, anti-corrosion, light weight and large capacity, so it is widely used in many fields such as high-energy physics, anti-nuclear radiation communication systems, submarines, warships, aircraft, missile control communication systems, and the Internet. At present, optical fiber communication is developing in the direction of high speed, high efficiency, large capacity and long-distance optical fiber transmission. As the degree of informatization becomes higher and higher, corresponding requirements are also put forward for the speed of optical fiber communication transmission systems.
光电探测器是光纤通信系统的关键器件之一，其研制、检测和应用需首先测量频谱响应。上个世纪五十年代，人们已经开始光电探测器频谱响应测量的研究，现今已经发展出了诸多光电探测器频谱响应测试方法，大致可分为两类：时域法和频域法。The photodetector is one of the key components of the optical fiber communication system. Its development, detection and application must first measure the spectrum response. In the 1950s, people have begun to study the spectrum response measurement of photodetectors. Nowadays, many photodetector spectrum response measurement methods have been developed, which can be roughly divided into two categories: time domain method and frequency domain method.
时域法测量光电探测器频率响应的关键器件是采样示波器，但是时域法的局限性在于测量光电探测器的频率范围受采样示波器带宽限制。The key component of the time domain method to measure the frequency response of the photoelectric detector is the sampling oscilloscope, but the limitation of the time domain method is that the frequency range of the photodetector is limited by the bandwidth of the sampling oscilloscope.
频域法又可细分为外差拍频和外部调制两大类。典型的测量方法比如矢量网络分析法(带宽受限、精度不高)、利用半导体光放大器的白噪声测量法(灵敏度不够)、光外差法(相位、振幅、偏振态匹配要求高)。The frequency domain method can be subdivided into two categories: heterodyne beat frequency and external modulation. Typical measurement methods such as vector network analysis (limited bandwidth and low accuracy), white noise measurement using semiconductor optical amplifiers (insufficient sensitivity), optical heterodyne method (high requirements for phase, amplitude, and polarization matching).
因此，迫切需要研究新型的测量方法来提高光电探测器频率响应测量技术的测量精确度及测量带宽。Therefore, it is urgent to study new measurement methods to improve the measurement accuracy and measurement bandwidth of the photodetector frequency response measurement technology.
中国发明专利CN201710950882公开了《光电探测器频率响应测量方法及装置》，其通过载波移频信号和抑制载波的光双边带扫描信号进行拍频，实现微波光子混频，通过提取待测光电探测器输出的上、下变频光电流信号中的幅度和相位信息，并结合输入探测信号的功率数据，最后计算出待测光电探测器的频谱响应信息。该技术的频率响应测量带宽受限于现有电光调制器的带宽。现有成熟商用的电光调制器的3dB模拟带宽仅为25GHz，这使得频率响应测量带宽一般仅能达到25GHz。然而，现有成熟的商用光电探测器的3dB模拟带宽是光电调制器的两倍以上，大于50GHz。该技术难以获得带宽大于50GHz光电探测器的频率响应。Chinese invention patent CN201710950882 discloses "Photodetector Frequency Response Measurement Method and Device", which beats the carrier frequency shift signal and suppressed carrier optical double sideband scanning signal to achieve microwave photon mixing, and extracts the photodetector to be tested The amplitude and phase information in the output up-conversion and down-conversion photocurrent signals are combined with the power data of the input detection signal, and finally the spectrum response information of the photoelectric detector under test is calculated. The frequency response measurement bandwidth of this technology is limited by the bandwidth of existing electro-optic modulators. The 3dB analog bandwidth of the existing mature commercial electro-optic modulator is only 25GHz, which makes the frequency response measurement bandwidth generally only reach 25GHz. However, the 3dB analog bandwidth of the existing mature commercial photodetector is more than twice that of the photoelectric modulator, which is greater than 50GHz. This technology is difficult to obtain the frequency response of a photodetector with a bandwidth greater than 50 GHz.
因此，急需突破电光调制器带宽的限制，实现光电探测器频谱响应的大带宽测量。Therefore, it is urgent to break through the limitation of the bandwidth of the electro-optic modulator and realize the large bandwidth measurement of the photodetector's spectral response.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术不足，提供一种基于混频的光电探测器频响测量方法，可突破电光调制器带宽的限制，将光电频率响应的测量范围提升一倍，提高了测量效率，降低测量时间和测量成本。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for measuring the frequency response of a photoelectric detector based on frequency mixing, which can break through the limitation of the bandwidth of the electro-optic modulator, double the measurement range of the photoelectric frequency response, and improve Improve measurement efficiency, reduce measurement time and measurement cost.
本发明具体采用以下技术方案解决上述技术问题：The present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:
一种基于混频的光电探测器频响测量方法，使用角频率为Δω和ω
e的两路微波信号对两路同源光载波分别进行载波抑制光单边带调制和载波抑制光双边带调制，分别得到载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调制信号，其中ω
e＜Δω；将载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调制信号耦合后输入待测光电探测器，并测量出待测光电探测器所输出光电流信号中的Δω+ω
e分量和Δω-ω
e分量，分别记作
和
利用以下公式计算出待测光电探测器在Δω+ω
e和Δω-ω
e频率处的频率响应R(Δω+ω
e)和R(Δω-ω
e)：
A frequency response measurement method for photodetectors based on frequency mixing. Two microwave signals with angular frequencies of Δω and ω e are used to perform carrier suppression optical single-sideband modulation and carrier suppression optical double-sideband modulation on two homogenous optical carriers. , Get the carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulation signal and carrier-suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal respectively, where ω e <Δω; couple the carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulation signal and the carrier-suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal and input The photoelectric detector to be tested, and the Δω+ω e component and Δω-ω e component in the output photocurrent signal of the photoelectric detector to be tested are measured, which are recorded as with Is calculated using the following formula photodetector measured frequency Δω + ω e and Δω-ω e frequency response R (Δω + ω e) and R (Δω-ω e):
式中，P
1、P
2分别为所述载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调制信号的光功率。
In the formula, P 1 and P 2 are the optical power of the carrier suppressed optical single-sideband modulation signal and the carrier suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal, respectively.
进一步地，该方法还包括：在DC～Δω范围内改变ω
e，并测量出相应的频率响应R(Δω+ω
e)和R(Δω-ω
e)，从而得到待测光电探测器在DC～2Δω频率范围内的频谱响应。
Further, the method also includes: changing ω e in the range of DC to Δω, and measuring the corresponding frequency responses R(Δω+ω e ) and R(Δω-ω e ), so as to obtain the measured photodetector at DC ～2Δω spectrum response in the frequency range.
优选地，利用工作在最小传输点的马赫曾德尔调制器和光带通滤波器实现所述载波抑制光单边带调制；利用工作在最小传输点的马赫曾德尔调制器实现所述载波抑制光双边带调制。Preferably, the Mach-Zehnder modulator and optical bandpass filter working at the minimum transmission point are used to realize the carrier suppression optical single-sideband modulation; the Mach-Zehnder modulator working at the minimum transmission point is used to realize the carrier suppression optical double-sideband modulation. With modulation.
优选地，使用幅相接收机测量出待测光电探测器所输出光电流信号中的Δω+ω
e分量和Δω-ω
e分量。
Preferably, an amplitude-phase receiver is used to measure the Δω+ω e component and the Δω-ω e component in the photocurrent signal output by the photodetector to be tested.
根据相同发明思路还可以得到以下技术方案：According to the same inventive idea, the following technical solutions can also be obtained:
一种基于混频的光电探测器频响测量装置，包括：A frequency response measuring device of photoelectric detector based on frequency mixing, including:
电光调制单元，用于使用角频率为Δω和ω
e的两路微波信号对两路同源光载波分别进行载波抑制光单边带调制和载波抑制光双边带调制，分别得到载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调制信号，其中ω
e＜Δω；
The electro-optical modulation unit is used to perform carrier suppression optical single-sideband modulation and carrier suppression optical double-sideband modulation on two homogenous optical carriers using two microwave signals with angular frequencies of Δω and ω e to obtain carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulations. Sideband modulation signal and carrier suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal, where ω e ＜Δω;
光功率测量单元，用于测量所述载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调制信号的光功率P
1、P
2；
The optical power measurement unit is used to measure the optical power P 1 , P 2 of the carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulation signal and the carrier-suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal;
微波信号测量单元，用于测量待测光电探测器所输出光电流信号中的Δω+ω
e分量和Δω-ω
e分量，分别记作
和
Microwave signal measurement unit, used to measure the Δω+ω e component and Δω-ω e component in the photocurrent signal output by the photodetector under test, which are respectively denoted as with
控制及处理单元，用于利用以下公式计算出待测光电探测器在Δω+ω
e和Δω-ω
e频率处的频率响应R(Δω+ω
e)和R(Δω-ω
e)：
The control and processing unit is used to calculate the frequency response R(Δω+ω e ) and R(Δω-ω e ) of the photodetector under test at the frequency of Δω+ω e and Δω-ω e by using the following formula:
进一步地，控制及处理单元还用于控制ω
e在DC～Δω范围内改变，并根据相应的频率响应R(Δω+ω
e)和R(Δω-ω
e)，得到待测光电探测器在DC～2Δω频率范围内的频谱响应。
Further, the control and processing unit is also used to control ω e to change in the range of DC to Δω, and according to the corresponding frequency response R(Δω+ω e ) and R(Δω-ω e ), the photodetector under test is obtained Spectral response in the frequency range of DC～2Δω.
优选地，所述电光调制单元利用工作在最小传输点的马赫曾德尔调制器和光带通滤波器实现所述载波抑制光单边带调制；利用工作在最小传输点的马赫曾德尔调制器实现所述载波抑制光双边带调制。Preferably, the electro-optical modulation unit uses a Mach-Zehnder modulator and an optical band-pass filter that work at the minimum transmission point to implement the carrier suppression optical single-sideband modulation; uses a Mach-Zehnder modulator that works at the minimum transmission point to achieve all The carrier suppresses optical double-sideband modulation.
优选地，所述微波信号测量单元使用幅相接收机测量出待测光电探测器所输出光电流信号中的Δω+ω
e分量和Δω-ω
e分量。
Preferably, the microwave signal measurement unit uses an amplitude-phase receiver to measure the Δω+ω e component and the Δω-ω e component in the photocurrent signal output by the photodetector under test.
相比现有技术，本发明技术方案具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明可对光电探测器的幅相响应进行高分辨率和高精度测量，由于通过上、下变频信号提取出的频谱响应信息无频谱重叠且在整个频谱上为互补关系，使得可测量的频率范围可以达到所使用的微波源频率范围的两倍同时不会浪费测量资源，提高了测量效率，降低了对测量系统的频率要求，同时比现有技术的可测量频率范围有大幅扩展。The invention can perform high-resolution and high-precision measurement of the amplitude and phase response of the photodetector. Because the spectrum response information extracted by the up and down conversion signals has no spectrum overlap and is in a complementary relationship on the entire spectrum, the measurable frequency is The range can reach twice the frequency range of the microwave source used without wasting measurement resources, improving measurement efficiency, reducing the frequency requirements of the measurement system, and greatly expanding the measurable frequency range of the prior art.
图1为本发明光电探测器频响测量装置一个具体实施例的结构原理示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of a specific embodiment of the frequency response measuring device of the photodetector according to the present invention.
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的思路是利用抑制载波的光单边带信号和抑制载波的光双边带信号进行混频，从而消除了上、下变频信号测得的频谱响应的重叠问题，能够大幅拓展测量范围，提高了测量效率，降低测量时间和测量成本。In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the idea of the present invention is to use the carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband signal and the carrier-suppressed optical double-sideband signal for mixing, thereby eliminating the overlap problem of the spectrum response measured by the up-conversion signal and the down-conversion signal. It can greatly expand the measurement range, improve the measurement efficiency, and reduce the measurement time and measurement cost.
本发明所提出的光电探测器频响测量方法，具体如下：The method for measuring the frequency response of the photodetector proposed by the present invention is specifically as follows:
使用角频率为Δω和ω
e的两路微波信号对两路同源光载波分别进行载波抑制光单边带调制和载波抑制光双边带调制，分别得到载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调制信号，其中ω
e＜Δω；将载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调制信号耦合后输入待测光电探测器，并测量出待测光电探测器所输出光电流信号中的Δω+ω
e分量和Δω-ω
e分量，分别记作
和
利用以下公式计算出待测光电探测器在Δω+ω
e和Δω-ω
e频率处的频率响应R(Δω+ω
e)和R(Δω-ω
e)：
Use two microwave signals with angular frequencies of Δω and ω e to perform carrier suppression optical single-sideband modulation and carrier suppression optical double-sideband modulation on two homogenous optical carriers, respectively, to obtain carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulation signals and carrier waves, respectively Suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal, where ω e <Δω; couple the carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulation signal and the carrier-suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal to input the photoelectric detector under test, and measure the photodetector under test The Δω+ω e component and Δω-ω e component in the output photocurrent signal are denoted as with Is calculated using the following formula photodetector measured frequency Δω + ω e and Δω-ω e frequency response R (Δω + ω e) and R (Δω-ω e):
式中，P
1、P
2分别为所述载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调制信号的光功率。
In the formula, P 1 and P 2 are the optical power of the carrier suppressed optical single-sideband modulation signal and the carrier suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal, respectively.
在此基础上，保持Δω不变，在DC～Δω范围内改变ω
e，并测量出相应的频率响应R(Δω+ω
e)和R(Δω-ω
e)，从而得到待测光电探测器在DC～2Δω频率范围内的频谱响应。
On this basis, keep Δω unchanged, change ω e in the range of DC～Δω, and measure the corresponding frequency response R(Δω+ω e ) and R(Δω-ω e ) to obtain the photodetector under test Spectral response in the frequency range of DC ~ 2Δω.
本发明所提出的光电探测器频响测量装置，包括：The frequency response measuring device of the photoelectric detector proposed by the present invention includes:
电光调制单元，用于使用角频率为Δω和ω
e的两路微波信号对两路同源光载波分别进行载波抑制光单边带调制和载波抑制光双边带调制，分别得到载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调制信号，其中ω
e＜Δω；
The electro-optical modulation unit is used to perform carrier suppression optical single-sideband modulation and carrier suppression optical double-sideband modulation on two homogenous optical carriers using two microwave signals with angular frequencies of Δω and ω e to obtain carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulations. Sideband modulation signal and carrier suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal, where ω e ＜Δω;
光功率测量单元，用于测量所述载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调 制信号的光功率P
1、P
2；
The optical power measurement unit is used to measure the optical power P 1 , P 2 of the carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulation signal and the carrier-suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal;
微波信号测量单元，用于测量待测光电探测器所输出光电流信号中的Δω+ω
e分量和Δω-ω
e分量，分别记作
和
Microwave signal measurement unit, used to measure the Δω+ω e component and Δω-ω e component in the photocurrent signal output by the photodetector under test, which are respectively denoted as with
控制及处理单元，用于利用以下公式计算出待测光电探测器在Δω+ω
e和Δω-ω
e频率处的频率响应R(Δω+ω
e)和R(Δω-ω
e)：
The control and processing unit is used to calculate the frequency response R(Δω+ω e ) and R(Δω-ω e ) of the photodetector under test at the frequency of Δω+ω e and Δω-ω e by using the following formula:
以上各功能模块均可采用现有技术实现，例如，电光调制单元可利用工作在最小传输点的马赫曾德尔调制器和光带通滤波器实现所述载波抑制光单边带调制，利用工作在最小传输点的马赫曾德尔调制器实现所述载波抑制光双边带调制；或者利用工作在最小传输点的马赫曾德尔调制器和受激布里渊散射效应实现所述载波抑制光单边带调制，利用工作在线性传输点的马赫曾德调制器和光带通滤波器实现所述载波抑制光双边带调制等。微波信号测量单元优选采用幅相接收机(矢量网络分析仪)，它同时也可以作为控制及处理单元。All of the above functional modules can be implemented using existing technologies. For example, the electro-optical modulation unit can use Mach-Zehnder modulators and optical band-pass filters that work at the minimum transmission point to implement the carrier suppression optical single-sideband modulation, using the minimum operating The Mach-Zehnder modulator at the transmission point realizes the carrier suppression optical double-sideband modulation; or the Mach-Zehnder modulator working at the minimum transmission point and the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect realize the carrier suppression optical single-sideband modulation, The Mach-Zehnder modulator and the optical band-pass filter working at the linear transmission point are used to realize the carrier suppression optical double-sideband modulation and the like. The microwave signal measurement unit preferably adopts an amplitude-phase receiver (vector network analyzer), which can also be used as a control and processing unit at the same time.
为了便于公众理解，下面通过一个具体实施例并结合附图来对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明：In order to facilitate public understanding, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below through a specific embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
图1显示了本实施例测量装置的基本结构，如图1所示，其包括光源、光分束器、两个微波源、两个马赫曾德尔调制器和对应的偏置点控制器、光滤波器、两个光功率计、微波幅相接收机以及控制及处理单元。光源输出的光载波被光分束器分成两路，第一条光路上有一个马赫曾德尔调制器和对应的偏置点控制器，将第一个微波源产生的微波信号强度调制于光载波上，得到抑制载波的光双边带调制信号，接着经过光带通滤波器，得到抑制载波的光单边带信号，并由一个光功率计测量其功率。第二条光路上同样有一个马赫曾德尔调制器和对应的偏置点控制器，将第二个微波源产生的微波信号强度调制于光载波上，得到抑制载波的光双边带信号，并由第二个光功率计测量其功率。这两路信号耦合后输入待测光电探测器，使用幅相接收机测得光电探测器输出端的光电流信号的幅度和相位，并由控制及处理单元计算得到待测光电探测器的频率响应。对第二个微波信号进行扫频，即可得到待测光电探测器的频谱响应曲线。Figure 1 shows the basic structure of the measurement device of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, which includes a light source, an optical beam splitter, two microwave sources, two Mach-Zehnder modulators and the corresponding bias point controller, optical Filter, two optical power meters, microwave amplitude and phase receiver, and control and processing unit. The optical carrier output by the light source is divided into two paths by the optical beam splitter. There is a Mach-Zehnder modulator and corresponding bias point controller on the first optical path to modulate the intensity of the microwave signal generated by the first microwave source to the optical carrier Above, the optical double-sideband modulation signal of the suppressed carrier is obtained, and then through the optical bandpass filter, the optical single-sideband signal of the suppressed carrier is obtained, and its power is measured by an optical power meter. There is also a Mach-Zehnder modulator and corresponding bias point controller on the second optical path. The intensity of the microwave signal generated by the second microwave source is modulated on the optical carrier to obtain an optical double-sideband signal with suppressed carrier. The second optical power meter measures its power. The two signals are coupled and input into the photoelectric detector to be tested, the amplitude and phase of the photocurrent signal at the output of the photoelectric detector are measured by the amplitude-phase receiver, and the frequency response of the photoelectric detector to be tested is calculated by the control and processing unit. By sweeping the frequency of the second microwave signal, the spectrum response curve of the photodetector under test can be obtained.
假定由激光器输出光信号为Assuming that the optical signal output by the laser is
E
in＝E
cexp(iω
ct) (1)
E in = E c exp(iω c t) (1)
其中E0表示光载波的幅度大小，ω
c表示光载波的角频率。
Where E0 represents the magnitude of the optical carrier, and ω c represents the angular frequency of the optical carrier.
经过光分束器后，上下两路分别输入至马赫-曾德尔调制器，假设加载在射频端口的微波信号频率分别为Δω和ω
e,两个微波信号可分别表示为：
After passing through the optical beam splitter, the upper and lower channels are respectively input to the Mach-Zehnder modulator. Assuming that the frequencies of the microwave signals loaded on the RF port are Δω and ω e , the two microwave signals can be expressed as:
E
RF1＝E
1sin(Δωt) (2)
E RF1 = E 1 sin(Δωt) (2)
E
RF2＝E
2sin(ω
et+φ) (3)
E RF2 = E 2 sin(ω e t+φ) (3)
其中E
1和E
2分别为两个微波信号的幅度大小，φ为两者的初始相位差。
Among them, E 1 and E 2 are the amplitudes of the two microwave signals, and φ is the initial phase difference between the two.
经过光分束器后，下路输出至马赫-曾德尔调制器，假设加载在射频端口的微波信号频率为ω
e,且偏置点控制器控制调制器工作在最小传输点，则调制器输出抑制载波的光双边带信号，可表示为：
After passing through the optical beam splitter, the output is sent to the Mach-Zehnder modulator. Assuming that the frequency of the microwave signal loaded on the RF port is ω e , and the bias point controller controls the modulator to work at the minimum transmission point, the modulator outputs The optical double-sideband signal of suppressed carrier can be expressed as:
其中，α为光分束器上下两路的分光比，β为马赫-曾德尔调制器的调制系数，J
n(·)表示第一类n阶贝赛尔函数，i为虚数单位。
Among them, α is the splitting ratio of the upper and lower paths of the optical beam splitter, β is the modulation coefficient of the Mach-Zehnder modulator, J n (·) represents the first kind of n-order Bessel function, and i is an imaginary unit.
经过光分束器后，上路同样输入工作在最小传输点的马赫曾德尔调制器，加载在射频端口的微波信号频率为Δω，输出的抑制载波的光双边带信号经过光带通滤波器后，其－1阶边带被滤除，剩下+1阶边带的输出信号为：After the optical beam splitter, the Mach-Zehnder modulator working at the minimum transmission point is also input on the road. The frequency of the microwave signal loaded on the RF port is Δω, and the outputted optical double-sideband signal with suppressed carrier passes through the optical bandpass filter. The -1 order sideband is filtered out, and the output signal of the +1 order sideband is:
两路光信号耦合后输入待测光电探测器。The two optical signals are coupled and input into the photodetector under test.
其中下路的马赫-曾德尔调制器输出的－1阶边带和下路信号拍频产生的光电流信号，即Δω+ω
e分量可表示为：
Among them, the -1 order sideband output by the Mach-Zehnder modulator of the drop and the photocurrent signal generated by the beat frequency of the drop signal, that is, the Δω+ω e component can be expressed as:
上路马赫-曾德尔调制器输出的正一阶边带和下路信号拍频产生的光电流信号，即Δω-ω
e分量可表示为：
The photocurrent signal generated by the positive first-order sideband output by the upper Mach-Zehnder modulator and the beat frequency of the lower signal, that is, the Δω-ω e component can be expressed as:
由光功率计可探测上、下两条光路输出的光信号功率为P
1和P
2，鉴于下路光信号由正负一阶边带主导，且理想情况下，调制器输出的光双边带调制信号正负一阶边带的功率值P
-1，P
+1相等，因此可近似认为：
The optical power meter can detect the power of the optical signal output by the upper and lower optical paths as P 1 and P 2. In view of the fact that the lower optical signal is dominated by the positive and negative first-order sidebands, and ideally, the optical double sidebands output by the modulator The power values of the positive and negative first-order sidebands of the modulated signal P -1 and P +1 are equal, so it can be approximated as:
此上下两路光信号经由光合束器耦合后输入待测光电探测器拍频，由上式(6)，(7)可知，下路－1阶边带和上路的抑制载波的光单边带信号拍频产生的微波信号频率为Δω+ω
e，下路+1阶边带和上路的抑制载波的光单边带信号拍频产生的微波信号频率为Δω-ω
e。待测光电探测器拍频产生的光电流信号的幅度及相位信息可由幅相接收机探测。
The upper and lower optical signals are coupled by the optical beam combiner and then input to the beat frequency of the photodetector under test. From the above equations (6) and (7), it can be seen that the lower path-1 sideband and the upper path suppressed carrier optical single sideband The frequency of the microwave signal generated by the signal beat frequency is Δω+ω e , and the frequency of the microwave signal generated by the optical single sideband signal beat frequency of the lower +1-order sideband and the suppressed carrier of the upper path is Δω-ω e . The amplitude and phase information of the photocurrent signal generated by the beat frequency of the photodetector under test can be detected by the amplitude-phase receiver.
根据光电探测器频率响应定义公式According to the definition formula of photodetector frequency response
其中，R
f，i
f，P
f表示分别表示拍频产生的微波信号频率为f时的光电探测器的响应度、探测器输出的电流大小以及输入探测器的光功率值。
Among them, R f , i f , and P f respectively represent the responsivity of the photodetector when the frequency of the microwave signal generated by the beat frequency is f, the magnitude of the current output by the detector, and the value of the optical power input to the detector.
如果微波测量单元测出了待测光电探测器输出光电流中角频率为Δω+ω
e的分量为
则有：
If the microwave measuring unit measuring a test current in the photodetector output light component of the angular frequency Δω + ω e is Then there are:
如果微波测量单元测出了待测光电探测器输出光电流中角频率为Δω-ω
e的分量为
则有：
If the microwave measuring unit measures the component of the angular frequency Δω-ω e in the output photocurrent of the photoelectric detector to be measured, Then there are:
保持Δω不变，ω
e在DC～Δω范围内进行扫频，得到上、下变频两组频谱响应，其中下变频分量角频率Δω-ω
e测得的光电探测器频谱响应角频率范围为DC～Δω，上变频分量角频率Δω+ω
e测得的光电探测器频谱响应角频率范围为Δω～2Δω，将两者进行拼接即可得到待测光电探测器在DC～2Δω角频率范围内的频谱响应。
Keep Δω constant, ω e sweeps the frequency from DC to Δω, and obtains two sets of up-conversion and down-conversion spectrum responses. The frequency range of the photodetector's spectral response measured by the down-conversion component angular frequency Δω-ω e is DC ～Δω, the upconversion component angular frequency Δω+ω e measured photodetector spectral response angular frequency range is Δω～2Δω, splicing the two can get the measured photodetector in the range of DC～2Δω angular frequency Spectrum response.
Claims (8)
- 一种基于混频的光电探测器频响测量方法，其特征在于，使用角频率为Δω和ω e的两路微波信号对两路同源光载波分别进行载波抑制光单边带调制和载波抑制光双边带调制，分别得到载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调制信号，其中ω e＜Δω；将载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调制信号耦合后输入待测光电探测器，并测量出待测光电探测器所输出光电流信号中的Δω+ω e分量和Δω-ω e分量，分别记作和
利用以下公式计算出待测光电探测器在Δω+ω e和Δω-ω e频率处的频率响应R(Δω+ω e)和R(Δω-ω e)： A frequency response measurement method for photodetectors based on frequency mixing, which is characterized by using two microwave signals with angular frequencies of Δω and ω e to perform carrier suppression on two homogenous optical carriers, respectively, optical single-sideband modulation and carrier suppression Optical double-sideband modulation, respectively obtain the carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulation signal and the carrier-suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal, where ω e <Δω; the carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulation signal and the carrier-suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal After the signal is coupled, it is input into the photoelectric detector to be tested, and the Δω+ω e component and Δω-ω e component in the photocurrent signal output by the photoelectric detector to be tested are measured, which are recorded as
withIs calculated using the following formula photodetector measured frequency Δω + ω e and Δω-ω e frequency response R (Δω + ω e) and R (Δω-ω e):
式中，P 1、P 2分别为所述载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调制信号的光功率。 In the formula, P 1 and P 2 are the optical power of the carrier suppressed optical single-sideband modulation signal and the carrier suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal, respectively. - 如权利要求1所述基于混频的光电探测器频响测量方法，其特征在于，还包括：在DC～Δω范围内改变ω e，并测量出相应的频率响应R(Δω+ω e)和R(Δω-ω e)，从而得到待测光电探测器在DC～2Δω频率范围内的频谱响应。 The method for measuring the frequency response of a photodetector based on frequency mixing according to claim 1, further comprising: changing ω e in the range from DC to Δω, and measuring the corresponding frequency response R(Δω+ω e ) and R(Δω-ω e ), so as to obtain the spectral response of the photodetector under test in the frequency range of DC～2Δω.
- 如权利要求1或2所述基于混频的光电探测器频响测量方法，其特征在于，利用工作在最小传输点的马赫曾德尔调制器和光带通滤波器实现所述载波抑制光单边带调制；利用工作在最小传输点的马赫曾德尔调制器实现所述载波抑制光双边带调制。The frequency response measurement method of a photodetector based on frequency mixing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carrier suppression optical single sideband is realized by using a Mach-Zehnder modulator and an optical band-pass filter working at the minimum transmission point Modulation; using a Mach-Zehnder modulator working at the minimum transmission point to realize the carrier suppression optical double-sideband modulation.
- 如权利要求1或2所述基于混频的光电探测器频响测量方法，其特征在于，使用幅相接收机测量出待测光电探测器所输出光电流信号中的Δω+ω e分量和Δω-ω e分量。 Based on the photodetector response measurements mixing method as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the receiver using the measured amplitude and phase Δω measured photocurrent signal output by the photodetector component + ω e and Δω -ω e component.
- 一种基于混频的光电探测器频响测量装置，其特征在于，包括：A frequency response measuring device of photoelectric detector based on frequency mixing, which is characterized in that it comprises:电光调制单元，用于使用角频率为Δω和ω e的两路微波信号对两路同源光载波分别进行载波抑制光单边带调制和载波抑制光双边带调制，分别得到载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调制信号，其中ω e＜Δω； The electro-optical modulation unit is used to perform carrier suppression optical single-sideband modulation and carrier suppression optical double-sideband modulation on two homogenous optical carriers using two microwave signals with angular frequencies of Δω and ω e to obtain carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulations. Sideband modulation signal and carrier suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal, where ω e ＜Δω;光功率测量单元，用于测量所述载波抑制的光单边带调制信号和载波抑制的光双边带调 制信号的光功率P 1、P 2； The optical power measurement unit is used to measure the optical power P 1 , P 2 of the carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulation signal and the carrier-suppressed optical double-sideband modulation signal;微波信号测量单元，用于测量待测光电探测器所输出光电流信号中的Δω+ω e分量和Δω-ω e分量，分别记作和
Microwave signal measurement unit, used to measure the Δω+ω e component and Δω-ω e component in the photocurrent signal output by the photodetector under test, which are respectively denoted as
with控制及处理单元，用于利用以下公式计算出待测光电探测器在Δω+ω e和Δω-ω e频率处的频率响应R(Δω+ω e)和R(Δω-ω e)： The control and processing unit is used to calculate the frequency response R(Δω+ω e ) and R(Δω-ω e ) of the photodetector under test at the frequency of Δω+ω e and Δω-ω e by using the following formula:
- 如权利要求5所述基于混频的光电探测器频响测量装置，其特征在于，控制及处理单元还用于控制ω e在DC～Δω范围内改变，并根据相应的频率响应R(Δω+ω e)和R(Δω-ω e)，得到待测光电探测器在DC～2Δω频率范围内的频谱响应。 The frequency response measurement device of a photodetector based on frequency mixing according to claim 5, wherein the control and processing unit is also used to control ω e to change within the range of DC to Δω, and according to the corresponding frequency response R(Δω+ ω e ) and R(Δω-ω e ) to obtain the spectral response of the photodetector under test in the frequency range of DC to 2Δω.
- 如权利要求5或6所述基于混频的光电探测器频响测量装置，其特征在于，所述电光调制单元利用工作在最小传输点的马赫曾德尔调制器和光带通滤波器实现所述载波抑制光单边带调制；利用工作在最小传输点的马赫曾德尔调制器实现所述载波抑制光双边带调制。The frequency response measurement device of a photodetector based on frequency mixing according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the electro-optical modulation unit uses a Mach-Zehnder modulator and an optical band-pass filter working at the minimum transmission point to implement the carrier wave Suppress optical single-sideband modulation; use a Mach-Zehnder modulator working at the minimum transmission point to realize the carrier suppression optical double-sideband modulation.
- 如权利要求5或6所述基于混频的光电探测器频响测量装置，其特征在于，所述微波信号测量单元使用幅相接收机测量出待测光电探测器所输出光电流信号中的Δω+ω e分量和Δω-ω e分量。 The frequency response measuring device of photoelectric detector based on frequency mixing according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the microwave signal measuring unit uses an amplitude-phase receiver to measure Δω in the photocurrent signal output by the photoelectric detector to be tested. +ω e component and Δω-ω e component.
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