WO2021054853A1

WO2021054853A1 - Insole and method for producing same

Info

Publication number: WO2021054853A1
Application number: PCT/RU2019/000657
Authority: WO
Inventors: Николай Викторович ПОЛУКАРОВ
Original assignee: Николай Викторович ПОЛУКАРОВ
Priority date: 2019-09-20
Filing date: 2019-09-20
Publication date: 2021-03-25

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medicine, and more particularly to orthopaedics, and can be used in the care and treatment of the musculoskeletal system, as well as in the treatment of the feet and of foot disorders such as pes planus and pes valgus deformities. The claimed insole has an elongate depression which forms a pronation zone (3) and extends along the outer side of the insole from the site (1) of the lateral calcaneal tubercule to the site of the distal tip of the distal phalanx of the little toe, wherein when the depression is seen in cross-section, the highest point of the pronation zone (3) is situated substantially in the vicinity of the outer side of the insole. The insole can additionally comprise a metatarsal cushion (5) situated in the vicinity of the site of the second metatarsophalangeal joint. A method for producing the claimed insole includes: obtaining an image of the foot; determining on said image the position of an elongate depression which forms a pronation zone (3) and extends along the outer side of the insole from the site (1) of the lateral calcaneal tubercule to the site of the distal tip of the distal phalanx of the little toe; and forming an insole having said pronation zone (3). The insole is formed in such a way that when the depression is seen in cross-section, the highest point of the pronation zone is situated substantially in the vicinity of the outer side of the insole. The technical result is that of allowing positive adjustments to the arch of the foot, expediting the process of correction of the shape of the foot, and partially or completely eliminating foot pain and musculoskeletal pain.

Description

INSEL AND METHOD OF ITS OBTAINING

The invention relates to medicine, namely to orthopedics, and can be used for the prevention and treatment of the musculoskeletal system, as well as for the treatment of the foot and its diseases such as flat feet and planovalgus deformity of the feet.

The insole is positioned inside the shoe to provide comfort while wearing, as well as to relieve pain when walking in the foot or joints, reduce stress on the spine and the feet themselves, and even improve performance when playing sports. The claimed insole can be classified as orthopedic insoles that support the foot for the longitudinal and transverse arches and can be used in casual or sports shoes.

From the international application W02007148330 (publ. 19.06.2007) known adjustable orthopedic insoles, which consist of a support frame, medial-arch support of the foot and tarsal support. The bend located under the medial-arcuate support provides a gap between the support and the arcuate calcaneal vault set in the aforementioned bend.

Known rehabilitation shoe device according to US patent US6732457 (publ. 11.05.2004), namely, an insole made in accordance with the profile of a human foot. The insole stimulates the proprioceptive Golgi tendon organ through the use of a domed roller. The midfoot section has an asymmetrical dome shape that sits opposite the plantar of the foot at what is considered the anatomical apex of the arched foot. The asymmetrical dome shape provides physical catalytic balancing of muscle groups using the body's proprioceptive feedback mechanisms, but in a way that does not provide functional support or support for the sole of the foot. The end result is a more stable foot, capable of energy efficient exercise and less injury. The midsole or midsole is characterized by a dominant cavity that ensures correct and consistent placement of the catalyst. These well-known insoles can act on the arch of the foot and provide a certain therapeutic effect, however, the effectiveness of their use to correct the arch of the foot and reduce the load on the spine is limited.

The objective of the present invention is to provide an insole that makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of the prevention and treatment of the musculoskeletal system by acting on the human foot in certain places by making protrusions and recesses, but at the same time reducing or completely eliminating pain and discomfort arising from long-term use inherent well-known insoles, including orthopedic insoles.

The technical result is to obtain a positive dynamics of changes in the arch of the foot, accelerate the process of adjusting the shape of the foot, partial or complete elimination of pain in the foot and the musculoskeletal system.

The problem is solved, and the claimed technical result is achieved in that the insole according to the present invention has an elongated depression, which forms a pronation zone extending along the outer side of the insole from the location (area) of the lateral tubercle of the calcaneus to the location of the distal end of the nail phalanx of the fifth toe feet. In this case, in the cross section of the specified recess, the highest point of the specified pronation zone is located near the outer side of the insole.

According to the results of numerous studies, the implementation of the specified pronation zone, passing from the location of the lateral tubercle of the calcaneus to the location of the distal end of the nail phalanx of the fifth toe (anatomical line of the foot, or line of proprioception), allows you to increase the impact on the arch of the foot without causing additional discomfort or pain. sensations, reduce the load on the spine and stress in the foot, as a result - improve the patient's quality of life.

Most preferably, said elongated recess is made in such a way that it guides the foot along its longitudinal arch to the location of the first toe of the foot. The preferred pronation height has been found to be between 2 and 20 millimeters, more preferably between 2 and 16 millimeters.

Additionally, the insole may contain a metatarsal cushion at the location of the second metatarsophalangeal joint. More specifically, the metatarsal ridge is positioned between the two nerves of the second metatarsophalangeal joint to avoid compression of the arteries located between the two nerves of the second metatarsophalangeal joint.

The presence of a metatarsal cushion enhances the positive effects of using the claimed insole, but its use is not advisable in all cases. So, it can be used in everyday shoes. However, it is not recommended to use the declared insole with a metatarsal roller in sports shoes that involve active movement, jumping, running, etc., since this can lead to increased stress on the foot, pain and other undesirable effects during prolonged physical and cyclic loads (for example, running more than 3000 meters).

The shape of the metatarsal ridge is preferably elongated or elongated-curved in a "comma" shape, although it may be any other suitable shape. Obviously, the specific location, shape and height of the metatarsal ridge are determined after a doctor examines the patient's foot visually or using special medical devices, for example, scanning devices.

Another object of the present invention, which solves the problem and makes it possible to achieve the claimed technical result, is a method for producing an insole, according to which an image of a foot is obtained, then on the obtained image of a foot, the position of an elongated depression that forms a pronation zone and extends along the outer side of the insole from the place ( area) placement of the lateral tubercle of the calcaneus to the location of the distal end of the nail phalanx of the fifth toe, and an insole with the specified pronation zone is formed by any method known to a specialist. In this case, the pronation zone is formed in such a way that in the transverse the section of the groove, the highest point of the pronation zone was essentially near the outer side of the insole.

Preferably, the profile of the height of the pronation zone is determined on the obtained image of the foot, for example by scanning and subsequent computer visualization of the image of the foot. On the specified profile, the preferred location of the metatarsal roller can also be determined, and then, at the stage of forming the insole, the metatarsal roller is additionally formed.

As mentioned above, it is preferable if the metatarsal cushion is performed at the location between the two nerves of the second metatarsophalangeal joint, ensuring that the arteries located between the two nerves of the second metatarsophalangeal joint are not compressed (i.e. with the exception).

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the figures, where: FIG. 1 graphically shows a general view of the claimed insole with a metatarsal roller; in fig. 2 schematically shows a top view of an insole with some pronation zones.

It should be noted at the outset that FIG. 1, 2, images of the insole with an approximate arrangement of all protrusions and recesses are given for a general understanding of the present invention and may differ to a greater or lesser extent depending on the surface of the foot of a particular patient, as well as its location relative to a scanning device or other device that forms an image or a footprint ...

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the insole, in which a depression of a unique (in relation to known insoles) elongated shape extends from the location (or area) of the approximate placement of 1 lateral tubercle of the calcaneus to the approximate location of the head of the fourth to fifth metatarsophalangeal statute.

The specified recess forms a protrusion 2 on the heel in the area of placement of the anatomical medial tubercle of the calcaneus. Lug 2 ensures that the heel stays firmly in the groove and does not move, or "Fall out" out. The depth of this place is the lowest point in the heel groove, and it varies from 2 to 15 mm, on average from 4 to 7 mm.

In addition to the formation of the protrusion 2, the depression also forms a pronation zone 3 that extends along the outer side of the insole from the location 1 of the lateral tubercle of the calcaneus to the location of the approximate location of the distal end of the nail phalanx of the fifth toe. Pronation zone 3 allows you to soften the load on the foot while walking, and its shape (cross-sectional profile) is selected taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient's foot. This zone of 3 pronation is the most important part of the declared insole, and it is thanks to it that, in the first place, it provides increased comfort during prolonged use of the insole, improves the dynamics of foot adjustment, reduces or even completely eliminates the pain effect on the foot and the musculoskeletal system as a whole.

It has been found that the preferred height of the pronation zone 3 is 2 to 20 millimeters, even more preferably 2 to 16 millimeters.

The beneficial effects of using the insole are enhanced if the recess is made in such a way that it guides the foot along the longitudinal arch by means of the projection 4 of the longitudinal arch to the approximate location of the first toe. The projection 4 of the longitudinal arch is formed, for example, by a corresponding longitudinal ridge. The protrusion 4 of the longitudinal arch has the shape of a tubercle and is made in such a way as to direct the foot to the outer arch (section) of the foot when walking, thereby correcting or compensating for violations of the foot and relieving stress from it. The protrusion 4 of the longitudinal arch is the highest point of the insole and can be from 20 to 50 millimeters relative to the anatomical line.

The projection 4 of the longitudinal arch as such is known to the person skilled in the art and is widely used in insoles known as instep insoles.

The insole described above can be used both in casual shoes and in sports shoes, since it provides such a direction of the foot that reduces the load on it, as well as on the entire musculoskeletal system, but at the same time does not create pain, regardless of the type and intensity of movement.

The positive effects from everyday use of the claimed insole can be enhanced, including almost complete elimination of pain when walking, if the insole additionally contains a metatarsal roller 5 shown in FIG. one.

The metatarsal 5 ridge is formed near the second metatarsophalangeal joint, in the place between the two nerves of the second metatarsophalangeal joint so as to exclude compression of the arteries located between these two nerves. This location is fundamentally important, since in the case of constant pressure of the metatarsal roller 5 on the nerves and arteries during the use of the insole, unpleasant sensations and even necrosis of soft tissues in the place of compression by the roller, complete atrophy and neuropathy may occur.

The metatarsal roller 5 is placed at the highest point of the transverse part of the foot, it can reach a height of 3 to 20 millimeters. The width of the metatarsal ridge 5 depends on the specific anatomy of the patient's foot, but in the widest part, the width of the metatarsal ridge 5, as a rule, does not exceed 10 millimeters.

The metatarsal roller 5 has an elongated shape or an elongated-curved shape of the "comma" type. The exact shape and exact location of the metatarsal ridge 5 can be determined after examining the patient's foot.

Prolonged use of known longitudinal rollers, which differ from the claimed metatarsal roller 5 both in their location on the insole and in shape (usually closer to spherical), often leads to foot necrosis, as well as complete atrophy and neuropathy of the place where such a well-known longitudinal roller.

Based on the anatomical structure, blood supply and innervation of the foot, it can be established that when the highest point of the longitudinal ridge is displaced to the head of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the second toe and the width of the ridge decreases, not a single nerve endings and not a single large vessel of the plantar surface are pushed through, which is new in the world orthopedics. At the same time, during the experimental use by patients of the indicated insoles with the indicated surface features, namely, with the pronation zone 3 formed by the depression, and the metatarsal ridge 5, as described above, located near the second metatarsophalangeal joint, not a single case of pain or unpleasant complaints was recorded. sensations when wearing insoles for a long time.

It was found that in a particular embodiment of the insole, for example, for sports shoes of some specific sports, such as handball, volleyball, running and other active types ("sports insoles"), the presence of the metatarsal roller 5 can only increase the load on the transverse arch of the foot which is undesirable. At the same time, the pronation zone 3, formed by the depression described above, can be recommended for such sports insoles. The insole is selected individually for each sport. For example, for basketball and tennis, the heel of the insoles is increased by 30-40 millimeters and the heel zone is deepened; for handball in pronation zone 3, the amount of insole material is additionally increased to stabilize the position of the athlete in the area of the third to fifth toes; and so on.

Zone 6 of the minimum thickness of the insole (see figure 1) is the place of the final separation of the foot from the ground surface. This zone 6 provides a smooth rolling of the patient's foot from a high point of pronation from the fifth toe to the first toe.

The insole can be made from any suitable material in any known manner. Thus, ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA), a porous material with different blisters, can be selected as a material. As a rule, a material with a hardness of 20-35 Shore is chosen for a child, and the greater the weight or height of the patient, the higher the Shore, averaging 55-70 Shore.

For the manufacture of the insole, an image of the foot is first obtained, for example, by scanning the foot with a 2D or ZO scanner, photographing, or in any other way.

Further, on the obtained image of the foot, the position of the elongated depression is determined, which subsequently forms the pronation zone 3 and extends along the outer side of the insole from the location of the approximate location of the 1 lateral tubercle of the calcaneus to the location of the approximate location of the distal end of the nail phalanx of the fifth toe. In this case, in the cross-section of the recess, it is made in such a way that the highest point of the pronation zone 3 is substantially near the outer side of the insole. Then the insole is actually formed with the specified pronation zone 3 by any known method.

The profile of the pronation zone 3 is selected on the resulting image of the foot.

If it is necessary to make an insole with a metatarsal roller 5, the location of the metatarsal roller 5 is determined on the obtained image of the foot, and at the stage of forming the insole, the metatarsal roller 5 is additionally formed.

Thus, the present invention provides for obtaining positive dynamics of changes in the arch of the foot, relieving pain from the foot and the musculoskeletal system, improving the patient's quality of life.

Claims

CLAIM

1. An insole having an elongated recess that forms a pronation zone and extends along the outer side of the insole from the location of the lateral tubercle of the calcaneus to the location of the distal end of the nail phalanx of the fifth toe, and in the cross section of said recess, the highest point of the pronation zone is substantially near outside of the insole.

2. An insole according to claim 1, wherein the recess is configured to guide the foot along the longitudinal arch to the location of the first toe.

3. An insole according to claim 1, wherein the height of the pronation zone is between two and twenty millimeters, preferably between two and sixteen millimeters.

4. The insole of claim 1, further comprising a metatarsal ridge located near the location of the second metatarsophalangeal joint.

5. The insole according to claim 4, wherein the metatarsal cushion is located at a location between two nerves of the second metatarsophalangeal joint, ensuring that there is no compression of the arteries located between the two nerves of the second metatarsophalangeal joint.

6. The insole of claim 4 or 5, wherein the metatarsal roller is comma-shaped.

7. Use of the insole according to claim 1 or 2 for sports shoes.

8. Use of the insole according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for casual shoes.

9. A method for producing an insole, in which: an image of a foot is obtained, the position of an elongated depression forming a pronation zone and extending along the outer side of the insole from the location of the lateral tubercle of the calcaneus to the location of the distal end of the nail phalanx of the fifth toe is determined on the obtained image of the foot, moreover, in the cross-section of the recess, the highest point of the pronation zone is substantially near the outer side of the insole, and an insole with said pronation zone is formed.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the profile of the height of the pronation zone is determined on the obtained image of the foot.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the location of the metatarsal roller is determined on the obtained image of the foot, and the metatarsal roller is additionally formed at the stage of forming the insole.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the metatarsal cushion is performed at the location between the two nerves of the second metatarsophalangeal joint, ensuring that there is no compression of the arteries located between the two nerves of the second metatarsophalangeal joint.