WO2021051694A1 - 超声波主轴及包括其的超声波机床 - Google Patents
超声波主轴及包括其的超声波机床 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021051694A1 WO2021051694A1 PCT/CN2019/127119 CN2019127119W WO2021051694A1 WO 2021051694 A1 WO2021051694 A1 WO 2021051694A1 CN 2019127119 W CN2019127119 W CN 2019127119W WO 2021051694 A1 WO2021051694 A1 WO 2021051694A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ultrasonic
- conductive
- groove
- spindle according
- rotating shaft
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- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the technical field of ultrasonic machining, for example, to an ultrasonic spindle and an ultrasonic machine tool including the same.
- Introducing a high-frequency vibration machining mechanism in the process of machining operations can not only improve the surface roughness of the cutting surface and increase the machining accuracy, but also reduce the cutting resistance and increase the life of the tool, so it is gradually being widely used.
- the existing ultrasonic spindle is usually composed of a seat body, a rotating shaft and an ultrasonic tool holder.
- the rotating shaft is erected in the seat body with a sleeve hole at the lower end.
- the sleeve hole is provided with a power connector.
- the conductive ring of the power connector is electrically connected to an external power source through a wire;
- the ultrasonic knife handle is provided with a sleeve corresponding to the sleeve hole.
- a power plug is arranged on the socket, and the conductive insert of the power plug is electrically connected with the oscillator inside the ultrasonic knife handle through a wire.
- the socket part When the ultrasonic knife handle is installed on the rotating shaft, the socket part is matched with the socket hole, and the power plug is inserted into the power connector. In this way, the conductive ring sheet is electrically connected to the conductive blade, and the external power source outputs current through the conductive ring.
- the chip and the conductive insert are transmitted to the oscillator to drive the tool mounted on the ultrasonic tool holder for high-frequency vibration.
- the power connector is located in the sleeve hole, which is difficult to disassemble, repair and replace;
- the wire connecting the external power supply is fixedly connected to the conductive ring piece of the power connector, so that the wire can only be broken when the power connector is removed, and repeated disassembly and assembly cannot be realized;
- the conductive ring piece and the conductive insert are electrically connected in the form of a straight sleeve, which makes the alignment difficult and requires high alignment accuracy;
- the shape of the conductive ring piece and the conductive insert piece are quite thin. During the process of plugging the power plug and the power connector, the two must be aligned more accurately. If the position is slightly deviated, the conductive ring piece or the conductive insert piece easily damaged by abrasion or bending.
- the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an ultrasonic main shaft that is easy to maintain, convenient to disassemble and assemble, stable in electrical conduction, high in safety, and good in processing effect, and an ultrasonic machine tool including the same.
- an ultrasonic spindle which includes:
- a rotating shaft the inside of the rotating shaft is provided with a cavity, and the front end of the rotating shaft is provided with a sleeve hole communicating with the cavity;
- the push rod is arranged in the cavity and can slide along the cavity, the front end of the push rod is provided with an electrical conduction head, and the electrical conduction head includes a first electrical conductor and a second electrical conductor that are insulated from each other;
- the sleeve body is detachably connected to the front end of the push rod and can slide with the push rod.
- the sleeve body is provided with through holes penetrating the front and rear ends of the sleeve body, and conductive adapters are provided in the through holes, so
- the conductive adapter includes a column and a first conductive medium and a second conductive medium provided on the column, the first conductive medium is electrically connected to the first conductive body, and the second conductive medium is connected to the The second electrical conductor is electrically connected;
- An ultrasonic knife handle the ultrasonic knife handle includes a knife handle body, an horn, a vibrator and an electrical connector, the rear end of the knife handle body can be connected to the rotating shaft through the sleeve hole, the knife handle
- the front end of the main body is provided with a mounting groove
- the horn is connected with the holder body through the mounting groove
- the vibrator is arranged on the horn
- the electrical connector includes a rod body and is arranged at the A first conductive member and a second conductive member on the rod body and insulated from each other, the rod body is erected on the handle body, and the first conductive member is electrically connected to the first electrode of the vibrator through a first wire
- the second conductive member is electrically connected to the second electrode of the vibrator through a second wire.
- the second electrical conductor is provided inside the first electrical conductor, and the two are connected as a whole through an insulator, the front end of the first electrical conductor is provided with a first connecting portion, and the second The front end of the conductor is provided with a second connecting portion, and the first connecting portion is ring-shaped and surrounding the periphery of the second connecting portion.
- the first conductive medium and the second conductive medium are both partially embedded in the inside of the column, and the first conductive medium is provided with a first conductive medium exposed at the rear end of the column. Connecting position, the second conductive medium is provided with a second connecting position exposed at the rear end of the column, the first connecting position is ring-shaped and surrounding the periphery of the second connecting position, the first The connecting portion is connected to the first connecting position, and the second connecting portion is connected to the second connecting position.
- the first connecting portion is inserted into the ring opening of the first connecting position
- the first connecting position is inserted into the ring opening of the first connecting part.
- the second connecting portion is provided with a socket, and the second connecting position is cylindrical and inserted into the socket;
- the second connection position is provided with a socket, and the second connection part is cylindrical and inserted into the socket.
- the front end of the push rod is provided with a groove
- the groove wall of the groove is provided with an installation thread
- the electrical conduction head is screwed to the groove wall of the groove through the installation thread.
- the hole wall of the through hole is provided with a first connecting thread, and the front end of the push rod is screwed to the hole wall of the through hole through the first connecting thread.
- a sealing ring is provided between the push rod and the through hole.
- the wall of the through hole is provided with a second connecting thread, and the conductive adapter is screwed to the wall of the through hole through the second connecting thread.
- the first conductive medium and the second conductive medium are both partially embedded in the inside of the column, and the front end of the column is provided with a slot for inserting the rod, and the first A conductive medium is provided with a first contact portion exposed on the groove wall of the slot, and the second conductive medium is provided with a second contact portion exposed on the groove wall of the slot.
- a sealing ring is provided in the slot near the notch.
- the first conductive member and the second conductive member are both partially embedded in the inside of the rod body, and the first conductive member is provided with a first contact position exposed on the outer wall of the rod body, Used to form an electrical connection after contacting the first contact portion, and the second conductive member is provided with a second contact position exposed on the outer wall of the rod body for forming an electrical connection after contacting the second contact portion .
- the first conductive member and the second conductive member are both embedded in the inside of the rod body, and the first conductive member is provided with a first wiring position exposed at the front end of the rod body, The first wire is connected to the first connection position, the second conductive member is provided with a second connection position exposed at the front end of the rod body, and the second wire is connected to the second connection position.
- it further includes a pull claw, the pull claw is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve body, and the cavity wall of the cavity is provided with a limit boss that restricts the sliding of the pull claw, the pull claw
- the front end is provided with a claw hook
- the rear end of the knife handle body is provided with a connection groove
- the groove wall of the connection groove is provided with a flange
- the claw hook is hooked with or disengaged from the flange
- the rod body It is erected in the connecting groove.
- the outer wall of the sleeve body close to the front end thereof is provided with an expansion protrusion for expanding the claw.
- the outer hoop of the pull claw is provided with an elastic member.
- the groove bottom of the connecting groove is provided with a sink groove, and the front end of the rod body is fixed in the sink groove.
- a collar is sleeved at the front end of the rod body, and the collar is screwed or welded to the countersink.
- a sealing ring is provided between the collar and the rod body.
- the vibrator is arranged in the installation groove, a communication hole is provided between the sink groove and the installation groove, and the first wire passes through the communication hole and the first conductive member Electrically connected, the second wire passes through the communicating hole and is electrically connected to the second conductive member.
- it further includes a tube base, the rotating shaft rotatably penetrates the inside of the tube base, the tube base is provided with a wireless transmitting assembly, and the rotating shaft is provided with a wireless transmitter
- the wireless receiving components are arranged at opposite intervals, the first electrical conductor is electrically connected to the coil of the wireless receiving component through a first wire, and the second electrical conductor is electrically connected to the coil of the wireless receiving component through a second wire .
- the barrel base includes a main casing and a rear cover provided at the rear end of the main casing, the rotating shaft rotatably penetrates the inside of the main casing, and the wireless receiving assembly It is arranged at the rear end of the rotating shaft, and the wireless transmitting assembly is arranged inside the rear cover.
- it further includes an encoder gear, the encoder gear is arranged at the rear end of the rotating shaft, and the wireless receiving component is arranged on the encoder gear.
- the rear end of the first electrical conductor is provided with a first wiring portion
- the first wire is connected to the first wiring portion
- the rear end of the second electrical conductor is provided with a second wiring portion
- the second wire is connected to the second connection part.
- the push rod is provided with a through hole, and the first wire and the second wire pass through the hole.
- an ultrasonic machine tool which includes the above-mentioned ultrasonic spindle.
- the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an ultrasonic spindle. Compared with related technologies, its beneficial effects are as follows:
- the ultrasonic spindle provided by the present disclosure is provided with a conduction head at the front end of the push rod and a conductive adapter in the detachable sleeve body, wherein the conduction head is hidden inside the push rod or between the push rod and the sleeve body. Therefore, there is no risk of damage, no need to repair and replace; for conductive adapters, although it has a higher risk of damage than the conductive head, when the conductive adapter needs to be repaired or replaced, only the sleeve body Disassemble, repair or replace the conductive adapter separately, and then install the sleeve on the push rod. Not only is the operation simple and convenient, but because the wire is connected to the conductive head, it is not affected by the wire. Realize repeated disassembly and assembly, which can effectively reduce the maintenance cost of the ultrasonic spindle;
- the ultrasonic spindle provided by the present disclosure is provided with an electrical connector at the rear end of the tool holder body and a conductive adapter in the sleeve body, so that the contact and electrical connection between the ultrasonic tool holder and the rotating shaft can be located at the ultrasonic tool holder or Inside the rotating shaft, rather than barely exposed at the gap between the ultrasonic tool holder and the rotating shaft, this can avoid leakage and eliminate potential safety hazards;
- the conductive adapter concentrates the two conductive media on one cylinder, and the electrical connector concentrates the two conductive parts on one rod, the two conductive media and the two conductive parts are double
- the alignment is converted into a single alignment between the column and the rod, and the difficulty of alignment is greatly reduced.
- the conductive adapter and the electrical joint can be very smoothly connected during the connection between the ultrasonic tool holder and the rotating shaft.
- the effective electrical connection is formed on the ground, and the electrical conduction is stable, which can improve the cutting operation effect of the high-frequency vibration of the ultrasonic spindle;
- the conductive medium is not easy to wear or bend when forming an electrical connection with the conductive member.
- the conductive member is not easy to form an electrical connection with the conductive medium. Abrasion or bending, therefore, a stable electrical conduction can be formed between the conductive adapter and the electrical connector, there will be no poor contact, and the service life of the ultrasonic spindle can be effectively extended.
- the present disclosure also provides an ultrasonic machine tool. Because it uses the above-mentioned ultrasonic spindle, it also has the advantages of stable electrical conduction and good processing effect.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rear end part of the ultrasonic main shaft of the first embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front end part of the ultrasonic main shaft of the first embodiment
- Fig. 3 is a partial schematic diagram of area I in Fig. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front end portion of the ultrasonic main shaft without the ultrasonic machining component installed in the first embodiment
- Fig. 5 is a partial schematic diagram of area II in Fig. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conductance head of the first embodiment
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve body and the conductive adapter of the first embodiment
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrasonic processing assembly of the first embodiment
- Fig. 9 is a partial schematic diagram of area III in Fig. 8.
- Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrasonic machine tool of the second embodiment.
- Ultrasonic spindle 1, barrel seat; 101, main housing; 102, front end cover; 103, rear end cover; 2. rotating shaft; 201, sleeve hole; 202, limit boss; 3. push rod; 301 4. Hole; 4. Sleeve body; 401, through hole; 402, expansion protrusion; 403, first connecting thread; 5. pull claw; 501, claw hook; 6. front bearing; 7, rear bearing; 8.
- the meaning of the term “upper” includes “inner”, “outer”, “upper”, “lower”, etc.
- the terms “front end” and “rear end” mean that the tool is close to The end of the processed workpiece is the “front end”, and the end away from the processed workpiece is the “rear end”.
- an embodiment of the present application provides an ultrasonic spindle 1000, which mainly includes a barrel base 1, a rotating shaft 2, a push rod 3, a sleeve body 4, a pull claw 5, and an ultrasonic machining component.
- the cylinder base 1 is a stationary part, and the rotating shaft 2 is rotatably inserted in the cylinder base 1.
- the rotating shaft 2 is provided with a cavity, and the push rod 3 is arranged in the cavity and can Sliding along the cavity, the front end of the rotating shaft 2 is provided with a sleeve hole 201 communicating with the cavity;
- the sleeve body 4 is provided with a through hole 401 penetrating the front and rear ends of the sleeve body 4, and the hole wall of the through hole 401 is provided with a first connecting thread 403,
- the front end of the push rod 3 is screwed to the wall of the through hole 4 through the first connecting thread.
- the sleeve body 4 can not only slide with the push rod 3, but also facilitates disassembly; the pull claw 5 is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve body 4, and ,
- the cavity wall of the cavity is provided with a limiting boss 202 that restricts the sliding of the pull claw 5, the outer wall of the sleeve body 4 near its front end is provided with an expansion protrusion 402, and the outside of the pull claw 5 is hooped with an elastic member 23.
- the elastic member 23 is preferably a spring.
- the expansion protrusion 402 supports the pulling claw 5; and when the sleeve 4 follows the push rod 3 along the cavity to the ultrasonic main shaft 1000 When the front end slides, the expansion protrusion 402 leaves the pulling claw 5, and the pulling claw 5 is closed.
- the barrel base 1 includes a main housing 101, a front end cover 102, and a rear end cover 103; the main housing 101 is cylindrical, the rotating shaft 2 penetrates the main housing 101, and the main housing The front and rear ends of the body 101 are provided with openings. The opening at the front end is provided with a front bearing seat sleeved outside the rotating shaft 2.
- the front bearing seat and the rotating shaft 2 are connected by a front bearing 6, and the opening at the rear end is provided with
- the rear bearing seat sleeved outside the rotating shaft 2 is connected between the rear bearing seat and the rotating shaft 2 through the rear bearing 7, so that the rotating shaft 2 can realize stable rotation;
- the front end cover 102 is installed on the front bearing seat, and the rear end
- the cover 103 is installed on the rear bearing seat.
- the barrel base 1 is provided with a wireless transmitting assembly 8, which is arranged inside the rear cover 103, and the rotating shaft 2 is provided with a wireless receiving assembly 9, a wireless receiving assembly 9 and a wireless transmitting assembly 8.
- the front end of the push rod 3 is provided with a conductive head 10, which includes a first conductive body 10a and a second conductive body 10b that are insulated from each other.
- the first conductive body 10a passes through the first wire 11 and the wireless receiving assembly 9
- the coil is electrically connected
- the second conductor 10b is electrically connected to the coil of the wireless receiving assembly 9 through the second wire 12
- the through hole 401 of the sleeve 4 is provided with a conductive adapter 13, and the conductive adapter 13 includes a cylinder 13a and The first conductive medium 13b and the second conductive medium 13c on the column 13a, the rear end of the column 13a is in contact with the front end of the push rod 3, and the first conductive medium 13b is in contact with the first conductive body 10a to form an electrical connection ,
- the second conductive medium 13c is in contact with the second conductive body 10b to form an electrical connection.
- the conductance head 10 Since the conductance head 10 is hidden in the inside of the push rod 3 or between the push rod 3 and the sleeve body 4, there is no risk of damage, no maintenance or replacement is required; for the conductive adapter 13, although it has a higher conduction head 10 Higher risk of damage, but when the conductive adapter 13 needs to be repaired or replaced, only the sleeve 4 needs to be removed, the conductive adapter 13 is repaired or replaced separately, and then the sleeve 4 is installed on the push rod 3.
- the operation is simple and convenient, and since the wire is connected to the conductance head 10, it is not affected by the wire and can be repeatedly disassembled and assembled, thereby effectively reducing the maintenance cost of the ultrasonic spindle 1000.
- the coil of the wireless transmitting component 8 can generate a stable induced magnetic field.
- the coil of the wireless receiving component 9 can generate an induced current by cutting the magnetic induction line. , That is, using the principle of electromagnetic induction, a non-contact electrical conduction is formed between the rotating shaft 2 and the barrel base 1, and then through the electrical conduction of the first electrical conductor 10a and the second electrical conductor 10b, the first electrical conduction The medium 13b and the second conductive medium 13c are thereby charged.
- non-contact electrical conduction can not only reduce wear, extend the service life of the ultrasonic spindle 1000, improve the cutting operation effect of high-frequency vibration, and can also avoid the momentary disconnection caused by the yaw action of the rotating shaft 2 Circumstances, improve the stability of electrical conduction, to ensure that the vibrator 18 can stably obtain operating current;
- non-contact electrical conduction can also greatly increase the speed of the rotating shaft 2 to meet the needs of high speed .
- the first conductive body 10a and the second conductive body 10b of the conductance head 10 are made of metal, and the second conductive body 10b is provided inside the first conductive body 10a, and the two are connected by an insulator 10c
- the insulator 10c is preferably an insulating plastic; the front end of the first electrical conductor 10a is provided with a first connecting portion 1001, the front end of the second electrical conductor 10b is provided with a second connecting portion 1002, and the first connecting portion 1001 is ring-shaped and surrounds The periphery of the second connection part 1002.
- the first conductive medium 13b and the second conductive medium 13c of the conductive adapter 13 are made of metal, and the pillar 13a is preferably an insulating plastic.
- the first conductive medium 13b and the second conductive medium 13c are formed by injection molding. Part of it is embedded inside, and the first conductive medium 13b is provided with a first connection location 1301 exposed at the rear end of the column 13a, and the second conductive medium 13c is provided with a second connection location 1302 exposed at the rear end of the column 13a,
- the first connection location 1301 is ring-shaped and surrounds the periphery of the second connection location 1302. Based on the above structure, the first connection portion 1001 is connected to the first connection location 1301, and the second connection portion 1002 is connected to the second connection location 1302. Thus, electrical conduction is formed between the conductive head 10 and the conductive adapter 13 .
- the front end of the push rod 3 is provided with a groove
- the conductance head 10 is arranged in the groove
- the groove wall of the groove is provided with a mounting thread
- the first electrical conductor 10a passes through the mounting thread and the recess
- the groove wall of the groove is screwed.
- the wall of the through hole 401 is provided with a second connecting thread
- the first conductive medium 13b of the conductive adapter 13 is also provided with a fixing portion 1306 exposed on the side wall of the column 13a.
- the fixing portion 1306 passes through the The two connecting threads are screwed to the hole wall of the through hole 401.
- the rear end of the first electrical conductor 10a is provided with a first wiring portion 1004, and the first wire 11 is connected to the first wiring portion 1004; the rear end of the second electrical conductor 10b is provided with a second wiring portion Part 1005, the second wire 12 is connected to the second connection part 1005.
- the first connection portion 1004 is ring-shaped and surrounds the periphery of the second connection portion 1005, and the second connection portion 1005 is cylindrical.
- the first connecting portion 1301 is inserted into the ring opening of the first connecting portion 1001, and the second connecting portion 1002 is provided with a socket 1003,
- the second connection position 1302 is cylindrical and inserted into the socket 1003.
- the first connecting position 1301 may be inserted into the ring opening of the first connecting part 1001
- the second connecting position 1302 is provided with a socket 1003
- the second connecting part 1002 is cylindrical and inserted into the socket 1003.
- a sealing ring 14 may also be provided between the push rod 3 and the through hole 401 to prevent impurities such as water and steam from entering the through hole 401 to damage the electrical connection between the conductance head 10 and the conductive adapter 13.
- the inside of the push rod 3 may also be provided with a through hole 301, and the hole 301 communicates with the groove, and the first wire 11 and the second wire 12 pass through the hole 301.
- the tunnel 301 penetrates both ends of the push rod 3.
- the rear end of the rotating shaft 2 can also be provided with an encoder gear 24, and the wireless receiving assembly 9 is provided on the encoder gear 24.
- the ultrasonic machining assembly includes an ultrasonic tool holder and a tool 15, where the ultrasonic tool holder includes a tool holder body 16, an horn 17 and a vibrator 18.
- the handle body 16 can be sleeved with the rotating shaft 2 through the sleeve hole 201 to realize rotation with the rotation of the rotating shaft 2; the front end of the handle body 16 is provided with a mounting groove 1601, and the horn 17 is connected to the knife through the mounting groove 1601.
- connection method here can be a plug connection or a screw connection
- the vibrator 18 is arranged in the mounting groove 1601 and fixed on the horn 17
- the front end of the horn 17 is tapered
- the cutter 15 An assembling groove is provided on the upper part, and the cutter 15 is connected to the front end of the horn 17 through the assembling groove.
- the above-mentioned connection method may be a plug connection or a screw connection. It should be pointed out that the cutter 15 can also be connected to the front end of the horn 17 in other ways.
- the front end of the horn 17 is provided with a fixed groove, and the cutter 15 is directly connected to the horn 17 through the fixed groove, or ,
- the tool 15 is inserted or screwed into the fixed groove through the collet set on the outside.
- the ultrasonic tool holder also includes a sealing nut, a sealing nut and a luffing The front end of the rod 17 is screwed and pressed against the collet.
- the ultrasonic tool holder also includes an electrical connector 19, which includes a rod body 19a, and a first conductive member 19b and a second conductive member 19c that are provided on the rod body 19a and insulated from each other, and the rod body 19a Standing on the tool holder body 16, the first conductive member 19 b is electrically connected to the first electrode of the vibrator 18 through the first wire 20, and the second conductive member 19 c is electrically connected to the second electrode of the vibrator 18 through the second wire 21.
- an electrical connector 19 which includes a rod body 19a, and a first conductive member 19b and a second conductive member 19c that are provided on the rod body 19a and insulated from each other, and the rod body 19a
- the first conductive member 19 b is electrically connected to the first electrode of the vibrator 18 through the first wire
- the second conductive member 19 c is electrically connected to the second electrode of the vibrator 18 through the second wire 21.
- the electrical connection structure of the ultrasonic main shaft 1000 includes a push rod 3, a conductive head 10, a sleeve body 4 and a conductive adapter 13, and the conductive structure of the ultrasonic main shaft 1000 includes a sleeve body 4 and a conductive adapter 13.
- the first conductive member 19b contacts the first conductive medium 13b to form an electrical connection
- the second The conductive member 19c is in contact with the second conductive medium 13c to form an electrical connection.
- the ultrasonic spindle 1000 of the embodiment of the present application is provided with an electrical connector 19 at the rear end of the tool holder body 16, and a conductive adapter 13 is provided in the sleeve body 4, so that the ultrasonic tool holder can be connected to the rotating shaft 2
- the contact electrical connection is located in the ultrasonic tool holder or the rotating shaft 2 instead of being exposed at the gap between the ultrasonic tool holder and the rotating shaft 2, thereby avoiding electric leakage and eliminating potential safety hazards.
- the rear end of the tool holder body 16 is provided with a connecting groove 1602, the rod 19a is erected in the connecting groove 1602, and the groove wall of the connecting groove 1602 is provided with a flange 1603 and a pull claw 5.
- the front end of the cylinder 13a of the conductive adapter 13 is provided with a slot 1303 into which the rod 19a of the power supply connector 19 is inserted, and the first conductive medium 13b is provided with exposed to the slot
- the first contact portion 1304 of the groove wall of 1303 and the second conductive medium 13c are provided with a second contact portion 1305 exposed on the groove wall of the slot 1303.
- the first conductive medium 13b and the second conductive medium 13c are similar to earphone plugs.
- the h-shaped elastic sheet structure of the hole, the first conductive medium 13b and the second conductive medium 13c are intersected and insulated.
- the first conductive member 19b and the second conductive member 19c of the electrical connector 19 are made of metal, and the rod body 19a is preferably an insulating plastic.
- the first conductive member 19b and the second conductive member 19c are partially formed by injection molding. It is embedded in the interior, and the first conductive member 19b is provided with a first contact location 1901 exposed on the outer wall of the rod 19a, and the second conductive member 19c is provided with a second contact location 1902 exposed on the outer wall of the rod 19a.
- the rear end of the rod 19a of the electrical connector 19 extends into the through hole 401 of the sleeve 4 and is inserted into the slot 1303 of the cylinder 13a of the conductive adapter 13, and ,
- the first contact portion 1304 is in contact with the first contact location 1901
- the second contact portion 1305 is in contact with the second contact location 1902, so that electrical conduction is formed between the conductive adapter 13 and the electrical connector 19.
- the conductive adapter 13 concentrates two conductive media on one pole 13a
- the electrical connector 19 concentrates two conductive elements on one pole 19a
- the two conductive media The dual alignment with the two conductive parts is transformed into a single alignment between the cylinder 13a and the rod 19a, and the difficulty of alignment is greatly reduced.
- the conductive adapter 13 and the electrical connector 19 can form an effective electrical connection very smoothly, and the electrical conduction is stable, which can improve the high-frequency vibration cutting operation effect of the ultrasonic spindle 1000.
- the conductive medium is not easy to wear or bend when forming an electrical connection with the conductive member.
- the conductive member is electrically connected to the conductive medium. It is not easy to wear or bend. Therefore, a stable electrical conduction can be formed between the conductive adapter 13 and the electrical connector 19, and there will be no poor contact, and the service life of the ultrasonic spindle 1000 can be effectively extended.
- the first conductive member 19b is provided with a first wiring position 1903 exposed at the front end of the rod body 19a
- the first wire 20 is connected to the first wiring position 1903
- the second conductive member 19c is provided with a first wiring position exposed on the rod body 19a.
- the second wire 21 is connected to the second wiring position 1904.
- the first wiring position 1903 is ring-shaped and surrounds the periphery of the second wiring position 1904
- the second wiring position 1904 is cylindrical.
- a sealing ring 14 may be provided in the slot 1303 near the notch. In this way, when the rear end of the rod 19a is inserted into the slot 1303 of the cylinder 13a, the sealing ring 14 can be opposed to The water or debris on the rod 19a is cleaned to improve the reliability of the electrical connection between the conductive medium and the conductive element.
- the groove bottom of the connecting groove 1602 may also be provided with a counter groove 1604, and the front end of the rod body 19a is fixed in the counter groove 1604.
- the front end of the rod body 19a is sleeved with a collar 22, the collar 22 and the counter groove 1604 screw connection or welding.
- a sealing ring 14 is also provided between the collar 22 and the rod body 19a.
- a communication hole 1605 may also be provided between the sink groove 1604 and the mounting groove 1601.
- the first wire 20 passes through the communication hole 1605 and is electrically connected to the first conductive member 19b
- the second wire 21 passes through the communication hole 1605. It is electrically connected to the second conductive member 19c.
- the first wiring position 1903 of the first conductive member 19b and the second wiring position 1904 of the second conductive member 19c pass through the communication hole 1605 and extend into the installation slot 1601 to facilitate the connection of the wires.
- an embodiment of the present application provides an ultrasonic machine tool, which mainly includes an ultrasonic power source 2000 and the ultrasonic main shaft 1000 provided in the first embodiment, wherein the wireless transmitting component 8 of the ultrasonic main shaft 1000 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic power source 2000.
- the embodiments of the present application provide an ultrasonic spindle 1000 and an ultrasonic machine tool including the same.
- the ultrasonic spindle 1000 has easy maintenance, convenient disassembly and assembly, stable electrical conduction, high safety, and processing.
- the ultrasonic machine tool adopts the above-mentioned ultrasonic spindle 1000, so it also has the advantages of stable electrical conduction and good processing effect.
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Abstract
一种超声波主轴及包括其的超声波机床，超声波主轴（1000）在推杆（3）的前端设置有电导头（10）以及在可拆卸的套体（4）内设置有导电转接头（13），当导电转接头（13）需要检修或更换时，只需将套体（4）拆卸下来，单独对导电转接头（13）进行检修或更换，然后再将套体（4）安装至推杆（3）上即可，操作简单方便。由于电线是连接于电导头（10）上的，因此不受电线的影响，可实现反复拆装，进而可有效地降低超声波主轴（1000）的维护成本；并且，该超声波主轴（1000）通过在刀柄本体（16）的后端设置电性接头（19），以及在套体（4）内设置导电转接头（13），可使超声波刀柄与旋转轴（3）的接触电连接处位于超声波刀柄或旋转轴（3）内，而不是裸露在超声波刀柄与旋转轴（3）的间隙处，由此可避免漏电现象，消除安全隐患。
Description
本申请要求以下一项中国专利申请的优先权，分别是：第一项：申请日为：2019年09月18日，申请号为：201910885274.6，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本公开涉及超声波加工技术领域，例如涉及一种超声波主轴及包括其的超声波机床。
在加工作业的过程中导入高频的振动加工机制，不仅可改善切削加工面的表面粗糙度和提高加工精度，更可降低切削阻力，增加刀具的寿命，因而逐渐地被广泛应用。
现有的超声波主轴通常是由座体、旋转轴以及超声波刀柄组成。旋转轴架设于座体内，并在下端设有套孔，套孔内设有电源接头，该电源接头的导电环片通过电线与外部电源电连接；超声波刀柄设有与套孔相对应的套接部，套接部上设有电源插头，该电源插头的导电插片通过电线与超声波刀柄内部的振荡器电连接。当超声波刀柄安装于旋转轴上时，套接部与套孔配合相接，电源插头与电源接头插接，如此，导电环片与导电插片电连接，外部电源输出电流，并经由导电环片、导电插片传导至振荡器，以驱动装配在超声波刀柄上的刀具作高频振动。然而，上述结构存在如下缺点：
1、电源接头位于套孔内，难以拆装，不便于检修和更换；
2、连接外部电源的电线固接于电源接头的导电环片上，导致拆卸电源接头 时只能将电线扯断，无法实现反复拆装；
3、导电环片与导电插片之间采用直套的形式电连接，对位难度大，对位精度要求高；
4、导电环片和导电插片的形状都相当的单薄，在电源插头与电源接头的插接过程中，二者必须更精准的对位，若位置稍有偏差，导电环片或导电插片极易因磨耗或弯折而损坏。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种易于维护、拆装方便、电性导通稳定、安全性高、加工效果好的超声波主轴及包括其的超声波机床。
为了实现上述目的，第一方面，提供了一种超声波主轴，其包括：
旋转轴，所述旋转轴的内部设有腔道，所述旋转轴的前端设有与所述腔道相连通的套孔；
推杆，设于所述腔道内并可沿所述腔道滑动，所述推杆的前端设有电导头，所述电导头包括彼此绝缘的第一导电体和第二导电体；
套体，可拆卸地连接于所述推杆的前端，并可跟随所述推杆滑动，所述套体设有贯穿其前后两端的贯通孔，所述贯通孔内设有导电转接头，所述导电转接头包括柱体以及设于所述柱体上的第一导电介质和第二导电介质，所述第一导电介质与所述第一导电体电连接，所述第二导电介质与所述第二导电体电连接；
超声波刀柄，所述超声波刀柄包括刀柄本体、变幅杆、振子以及电性接头，所述刀柄本体的后端可通过所述套孔与所述旋转轴相连接，所述刀柄本体的前端设有安装槽，所述变幅杆通过所述安装槽与所述刀柄本体相连接，所述振子 设于所述变幅杆上，所述电性接头包括杆体以及设于所述杆体上且彼此绝缘的第一导电件和第二导电件，所述杆体立设于所述刀柄本体上，所述第一导电件通过第一导线与所述振子的第一电极电连接，所述第二导电件通过第二导线与所述振子的第二电极电连接。
一实施例中，所述第二导电体设于所述第一导电体的内部，且二者通过绝缘体连接为一体，所述第一导电体的前端设有第一连接部，所述第二导电体的前端设有第二连接部，所述第一连接部呈环状并环绕于所述第二连接部的外围。
一实施例中，所述第一导电介质和所述第二导电介质均部分嵌设于所述柱体的内部，且所述第一导电介质设有外露于所述柱体的后端的第一连接位，所述第二导电介质设有外露于所述柱体的后端的第二连接位，所述第一连接位呈环状并环绕于所述第二连接位的外围，所述第一连接部与所述第一连接位相连接，所述第二连接部与所述第二连接位相连接。
一实施例中，所述第一连接部插入所述第一连接位的环口内；或
所述第一连接位插入所述第一连接部的环口内。
一实施例中，所述第二连接部设有插口，所述第二连接位呈柱状并插入所述插口内；或
所述第二连接位设有插口，所述第二连接部呈柱状并插入所述插口内。
一实施例中，所述推杆的前端设有凹槽，所述凹槽的槽壁设有安装螺纹，所述电导头通过所述安装螺纹与所述凹槽的槽壁螺接。
一实施例中，所述贯通孔的孔壁设有第一连接螺纹，所述推杆的前端通过所述第一连接螺纹与所述贯通孔的孔壁螺接。
一实施例中，所述推杆与所述贯通孔之间设有密封圈。
一实施例中，所述贯通孔的孔壁设有第二连接螺纹，所述导电转接头通过 所述第二连接螺纹与所述贯通孔的孔壁螺接。
一实施例中，所述第一导电介质和所述第二导电介质均部分嵌设于所述柱体的内部，所述柱体的前端设有供所述杆体插入的插槽，所述第一导电介质设有外露于所述插槽的槽壁的第一接触部，所述第二导电介质设有外露于所述插槽的槽壁的第二接触部。
一实施例中，所述插槽内靠近槽口的位置设有密封圈。
一实施例中，所述第一导电件和所述第二导电件均部分嵌设于所述杆体的内部，所述第一导电件设有外露于所述杆体的外壁的第一接触位，用于与所述第一接触部接触后形成电连接，所述第二导电件设有外露于所述杆体的外壁的第二接触位，用于与所述第二接触部接触后形成电连接。
一实施例中，所述第一导电件和所述第二导电件均嵌设于所述杆体的内部，且所述第一导电件设有外露于所述杆体的前端的第一接线位，所述第一导线连接于所述第一接线位，所述第二导电件设有外露于所述杆体的前端的第二接线位，所述第二导线连接于所述第二接线位。
一实施例中，还包括拉爪，所述拉爪套于所述套体的外部，且所述腔道的腔壁上设有限制所述拉爪滑动的限位凸台，所述拉爪的前端设有爪勾，所述刀柄本体的后端设有连接槽，所述连接槽的槽壁设有凸缘，所述爪勾与所述凸缘挂接或脱开，所述杆体立设于所述连接槽内。
一实施例中，所述套体靠近其前端的外壁设有用于撑开所述拉爪的膨胀凸起。
一实施例中，所述拉爪的外部箍设有弹性件。
一实施例中，所述连接槽的槽底设有沉槽，所述杆体的前端固定于所述沉槽内。
一实施例中，所述杆体的前端套设有套环，所述套环与所述沉槽螺接或焊接。
一实施例中，所述套环与所述杆体之间设有密封圈。
一实施例中，所述振子设于所述安装槽内，所述沉槽与所述安装槽之间设有连通孔，所述第一导线穿过所述连通孔与所述第一导电件电连接，所述第二导线穿过所述连通孔与所述第二导电件电连接。
一实施例中，还包括筒座，所述旋转轴可转动地穿设于所述筒座的内部，所述筒座内设有无线发射组件，所述旋转轴上设有与所述无线发射组件间隔相对设置的无线接收组件，所述第一导电体通过第一电线与所述无线接收组件的线圈电连接，所述第二导电体通过第二电线与所述无线接收组件的线圈电连接。
一实施例中，所述筒座包括主壳体以及设于所述主壳体后端的后端盖，所述旋转轴可转动地穿设于所述主壳体的内部，所述无线接收组件设于所述旋转轴的后端，所述无线发射组件设于所述后端盖的内部。
一实施例中，还包括编码器齿轮，所述编码器齿轮设于所述旋转轴的后端，所述无线接收组件设于所述编码器齿轮上。
一实施例中，所述第一导电体的后端设有第一接线部，所述第一电线连接于所述第一接线部，所述第二导电体的后端设有第二接线部，所述第二电线连接于所述第二接线部。
一实施例中，所述推杆设有贯通的孔道，所述第一电线和所述第二电线从所述孔道中穿过。
第二方面，提供了一种超声波机床，其包括上述的超声波主轴。
本公开实施例提供一种超声波主轴，与相关技术相比，其有益效果在于：
(1)、本公开提供的超声波主轴在推杆的前端设置有电导头以及在可拆卸 的套体内设置有导电转接头，其中，电导头被隐藏于推杆的内部或推杆与套体之间，因此无受损的风险，无需检修和更换；对于导电转接头而言，虽然其具有较电导头更高的受损风险，但当导电转接头需要检修或更换时，只需将套体拆卸下来，单独对导电转接头进行检修或更换，然后再将套体安装至推杆上即可，不仅操作简单方便，而且由于电线是连接于电导头上的，因此不受电线的影响，可实现反复拆装，进而可有效地降低超声波主轴的维护成本；
(2)、本公开提供的超声波主轴通过在刀柄本体的后端设置电性接头，以及在套体内设置导电转接头，可使超声波刀柄与旋转轴的接触电连接处位于超声波刀柄或旋转轴内，而不是裸露在超声波刀柄与旋转轴的间隙处，由此可避免漏电现象，消除安全隐患；
(3)、由于导电转接头将两个导电介质集中于一个柱体上，以及电性接头将两个导电件集中于一个杆体上，从而，两个导电介质与两个导电件之间的双重对位被转化成了柱体与杆体之间的单一对位，对位难度大为降低，如此，在超声波刀柄与旋转轴的连接过程中，导电转接头与电性接头之间可非常顺利地形成有效的电连接，并且电性导通稳定，可提升超声波主轴的高频振动的切削作业效果；
(4)、得益于柱体的支撑，导电介质在与导电件形成电连接时不易磨耗或弯折，同样的，得益于杆体的支撑，导电件在与导电介质形成电连接时也不易磨耗或弯折，因此，导电转接头与电性接头之间可形成稳定的电性导通，不会有接触不良的情况发生，还可有效地延长超声波主轴的使用寿命。
另外，本公开还提供了一种超声波机床，由于其采用了上述的超声波主轴，因此同样具有电性导通稳定，加工效果好等优点。
图1为实施例一的超声波主轴的后端部分的结构示意图；
图2为实施例一的超声波主轴的前端部分的结构示意图；
图3为图1中I区域的局部示意图；
图4为实施例一的未安装超声波加工组件的超声波主轴的前端部分的结构示意图；
图5为图4中II区域的局部示意图；
图6为实施例一的电导头的结构示意图；
图7为实施例一的套体以及导电转接头的结构示意图；
图8为实施例一的超声波加工组件的结构示意图；
图9为图8中III区域的局部示意图；
图10为实施例二的超声波机床的结构示意图。
图中：
1000、超声波主轴；1、筒座；101、主壳体；102、前端盖；103、后端盖；2、旋转轴；201、套孔；202、限位凸台；3、推杆；301、孔道；4、套体；401、贯通孔；402、膨胀凸起；403、第一连接螺纹；5、拉爪；501、爪勾；6、前轴承；7、后轴承；8、无线发射组件；9、无线接收组件；10、电导头；10a、第一导电体；10b、第二导电体；10c、绝缘体；1001、第一连接部；1002、第二连接部；1003、插口；1004、第一接线部；1005、第二接线部；11、第一电线；12、第二电线；13、导电转接头；13a、柱体；13b、第一导电介质；13c、第二导电介质；1301、第一连接位；1302、第二连接位；1303、插槽；1304、第一接触部；1305、第二接触部；1306、固定部；14、密封圈；15、刀具；16、刀柄本体；1601、安装槽；1602、连接槽；1603、凸缘；1604、沉槽；1605、连 通孔；17、变幅杆；18、振子；19、电性接头；19a、杆体；19b、第一导电件；19c、第二导电件；1901、第一接触位；1902、第二接触位；1903、第一接线位；1904、第二接线位；20、第一导线；21、第二导线；22、套环；23、弹性件；24、编码器齿轮；2000、超声波电源。
下面将结合附图对本文的技术方案作进一步的详细描述。
在本公开的描述中，术语“上”的含义包括“内部”、“外部”、“上部”、下部”等。术语“前端”和“后端”指的是，刀具在使用过程时，靠近加工工件的一端为“前端”，远离加工工件的一端为“后端”。
实施例一
如图1至图3所示，本申请实施例提供一种超声波主轴1000，其主要包括筒座1、旋转轴2、推杆3、套体4、拉爪5以及超声波加工组件。
如图1至图5所示，筒座1为不动件，旋转轴2可转动地穿设于筒座1内；旋转轴2的内部设有腔道，推杆3设于腔道内并可沿腔道滑动，旋转轴2的前端设有与腔道相连通的套孔201；套体4设有贯穿其前后两端的贯通孔401，贯通孔401的孔壁设有第一连接螺纹403，推杆3的前端通过该第一连接螺纹与贯通孔4的孔壁螺接，如此，套体4不仅可跟随推杆3滑动，还便于拆卸；拉爪5套于套体4的外部，并且，腔道的腔壁上设有限制拉爪5滑动的限位凸台202，套体4靠近其前端的外壁设有膨胀凸起402，拉爪5的外部则箍设有弹性件23，该弹性件23优选弹簧。当套体4跟随推杆3沿着腔道向超声波主轴1000的后端滑动时，膨胀凸起402撑开拉爪5；而当套体4跟随推杆3沿着腔道向超声波主轴1000的前端滑动时，膨胀凸起402离开拉爪5，拉爪5收拢。
如图1至图3所示，筒座1包括主壳体101、前端盖102以及后端盖103；主壳体101呈圆筒状，旋转轴2穿设于主壳体101内，主壳体101的前后两端均设有开口，其中，前端的开口设有套于旋转轴2外的前轴承座，前轴承座与旋转轴2之间通过前轴承6相连接，后端的开口设有套于旋转轴2外的后轴承座，后轴承座与旋转轴2之间通过后轴承7相连接，如此，旋转轴2可实现稳定的转动；前端盖102安装于前轴承座上，后端盖103安装于后轴承座上。
如图1至图5所示，筒座1内设有无线发射组件8，其设于后端盖103的内部，旋转轴2上设有无线接收组件9，无线接收组件9与无线发射组件8间隔相对设置；推杆3的前端设有电导头10，电导头10包括彼此绝缘的第一导电体10a和第二导电体10b，第一导电体10a通过第一电线11与无线接收组件9的线圈电连接，第二导电体10b通过第二电线12与无线接收组件9的线圈电连接；套体4的贯通孔401内设有导电转接头13，导电转接头13包括柱体13a以及设于柱体13a上的第一导电介质13b和第二导电介质13c，柱体13a的后端与推杆3的前端相抵接，第一导电介质13b与第一导电体10a相接触，以形成电连接，第二导电介质13c与第二导电体10b相接触，以形成电连接。由于电导头10被隐藏于推杆3的内部或推杆3与套体4之间，因此无受损的风险，无需检修和更换；对于导电转接头13而言，虽然其具有较电导头10更高的受损风险，但当导电转接头13需要检修或更换时，只需将套体4拆卸下来，单独对导电转接头13进行检修或更换，然后再将套体4安装至推杆3上即可，不仅操作简单方便，而且由于电线是连接于电导头10上的，因此不受电线的影响，可实现反复拆装，进而可有效地降低超声波主轴1000的维护成本。
通过与电源电连接，无线发射组件8的线圈可产生稳定的感应磁场，随着旋转轴2相对于无线发射组件8做旋转运动，无线接收组件9的线圈可通过切 割磁感线而产生感应电流，也即，利用电磁感应原理，旋转轴2与筒座1之间形成了非接触式的电性导通，再通过第一导电体10a和第二导电体10b的电性传导，第一导电介质13b和第二导电介质13c因此而带电。
与相关技术相比，非接触式的电性导通不仅可减少磨损，延长超声波主轴1000的使用寿命，提升高频振动的切削作业效果，还可避免旋转轴2的偏摆动作而产生瞬间断路的情况，提升电性导通的稳定性，确保振子18能够稳定地获得工作电流；另外，非接触式的电性导通还可大幅地提高旋转轴2的转速，使其满足高转速的需求。
如图3至7所示，电导头10的第一导电体10a和第二导电体10b均为金属材质，第二导电体10b设于第一导电体10a的内部，且二者通过绝缘体10c连接为一体，绝缘体10c优选绝缘塑料；第一导电体10a的前端设有第一连接部1001，第二导电体10b的前端设有第二连接部1002，第一连接部1001呈环状并环绕于第二连接部1002的外围。对应的，导电转接头13的第一导电介质13b和第二导电介质13c均为金属材质，柱体13a则优选绝缘塑料，其通过注塑成型的方式将第一导电介质13b和第二导电介质13c部分嵌设在内部，并且，第一导电介质13b设有外露于柱体13a的后端的第一连接位1301，第二导电介质13c设有外露于柱体13a的后端的第二连接位1302，第一连接位1301呈环状并环绕于第二连接位1302的外围。基于上述结构，第一连接部1001与第一连接位1301相连接，第二连接部1002与第二连接位1302相连接，如此，电导头10与导电转接头13之间形成了电性导通。
如图3和图5所示，推杆3的前端设有凹槽，电导头10设于凹槽内，并且，凹槽的槽壁设有安装螺纹，第一导电体10a通过安装螺纹与凹槽的槽壁螺接。
如图7所示，贯通孔401的孔壁设有第二连接螺纹，导电转接头13的第一 导电介质13b还设有外露于柱体13a的侧壁的固定部1306，固定部1306通过第二连接螺纹与贯通孔401的孔壁螺接。
如图5至图7所示，第一导电体10a的后端设有第一接线部1004，第一电线11连接于第一接线部1004；第二导电体10b的后端设有第二接线部1005，第二电线12连接于所述第二接线部1005。在本实施例中，第一接线部1004呈环状并环绕于第二接线部1005的外围，第二接线部1005呈柱状。
如图5至图7示，作为本申请实施例提供的超声波主轴1000的一种具体实施方式，第一连接位1301插入第一连接部1001的环口内，第二连接部1002设有插口1003，第二连接位1302呈柱状并插入插口1003内，如此，电导头10与导电转接头13之间可形成更加稳定的电连接。当然，在其他的具体实施方式中也可以是第一连接位1301插入第一连接部1001的环口内，第二连接位1302设有插口1003，第二连接部1002呈柱状并插入插口1003内。
如图4所示，推杆3与贯通孔401之间还可以设有密封圈14，以防止水、汽等杂质进入贯通孔401而破坏电导头10与导电转接头13之间的电连接。
如图4至图5所示，推杆3的内部还可以设有贯通的孔道301，并且，孔道301与凹槽相连通，第一电线11和第二电线12从孔道301中穿过。为了优化第一电线11和第二电线12的布置，孔道301贯穿推杆3的两端。
如图1所示，旋转轴2的后端还可以设置编码器齿轮24，无线接收组件9设于编码器齿轮24上。
如图2和图8所示，超声波加工组件包括超声波刀柄和刀具15，其中，超声波刀柄又包括刀柄本体16、变幅杆17以及振子18。刀柄本体16可通过套孔201与旋转轴2套接，以实现随着旋转轴2的转动而转动；刀柄本体16的前端设有安装槽1601，变幅杆17通过安装槽1601与刀柄本体16固定连接，这里的 连接方式可以是插接，也可以是螺接；振子18设于安装槽1601内并固定于变幅杆17上；变幅杆17的前端呈锥形，刀具15上设有装配槽，刀具15通过该装配槽连接于变幅杆17的前端，当然，上述连接方式可以是插接，也可以是螺接。需要指出的是，刀具15还可以通过其它方式连接于变幅杆17的前端，例如，变幅杆17的前端设有固定槽，刀具15直接通过固定槽与变幅杆17相连接，抑或是，刀具15通过其外部套设的筒夹与固定槽插接或螺接，为了提升刀具15与超声波刀柄之间的连接稳定性，超声波刀柄还包括密封螺帽，密封螺帽与变幅杆17的前端螺接并压紧筒夹。
如图3和图9所示，超声波刀柄还包括电性接头19，电性接头19包括杆体19a以及设于杆体19a上且彼此绝缘的第一导电件19b和第二导电件19c，杆体19a立设于刀柄本体16上，第一导电件19b通过第一导线20与振子18的第一电极电连接，第二导电件19c通过第二导线21与振子18的第二电极电连接。
在本实施例中，超声波主轴1000的电连接结构包括推杆3、电导头10、套体4以及导电转接头13，超声波主轴1000的导电结构包括套体4和导电转接头13。
当刀柄本体16与旋转轴2套接时，杆体19a的后端伸入套体4的贯通孔401内，第一导电件19b与第一导电介质13b相接触，以形成电连接，第二导电件19c与第二导电介质13c相接触，以形成电连接。如此，超声波刀柄与旋转轴2之间也形成了电性导通，无线接收组件9的线圈通过切割磁感线而产生的电流可传输至振子18，使其产生高频振动，以提升刀具15的切削作业效果。
与相关技术相比，本申请实施例的超声波主轴1000通过在刀柄本体16的后端设置电性接头19，以及在套体4内设置导电转接头13，可使超声波刀柄与旋转轴2的接触电连接处位于超声波刀柄或旋转轴2内，而不是裸露在超声波 刀柄与旋转轴2的间隙处，由此可避免漏电现象，消除安全隐患。
如图3、图5至图8所示，刀柄本体16的后端设有连接槽1602，杆体19a立设于连接槽1602内，连接槽1602的槽壁设有凸缘1603，拉爪5的前端设有爪勾501，当刀柄本体16与旋转轴2套接时，爪勾501与凸缘1603之间可存在两种状态：如图1所示，套体4的膨胀凸起402撑开拉爪5，爪勾501与凸缘1603挂接，以确保刀柄本体16在转动时不会与旋转轴2脱离；套体4的膨胀凸起402离开拉爪5，拉爪5收拢，爪勾501与凸缘1603脱开，以实现退刀操作。
如图3、图5至图8所示，导电转接头13的柱体13a的前端设有供电性接头19的杆体19a插入的插槽1303，并且，第一导电介质13b设有外露于插槽1303的槽壁的第一接触部1304，第二导电介质13c设有外露于插槽1303的槽壁的第二接触部1305，例如，第一导电介质13b和第二导电介质13c为类似耳机插孔的h型弹片结构，第一导电介质13b和第二导电介质13c交叉且绝缘设置。对应的，电性接头19的第一导电件19b和第二导电件19c均为金属材质，杆体19a则优选绝缘塑料，其通过注塑成型的方式将第一导电件19b和第二导电件19c部分嵌设在内部，并且，第一导电件19b设有外露于杆体19a的外壁的第一接触位1901，第二导电件19c设有外露于杆体19a的外壁的第二接触位1902。当刀柄本体16与旋转轴2套接时，电性接头19的杆体19a的后端伸入套体4的贯通孔401内并插入导电转接头13的柱体13a的插槽1303内，并且，第一接触部1304与第一接触位1901相接触，第二接触部1305与第二接触位1902相接触，如此，导电转接头13与电性接头19之间形成了电性导通。
与相关技术相比，一方面，由于导电转接头13将两个导电介质集中于一个柱体13a上，以及电性接头19将两个导电件集中于一个杆体19a上，从而，两个导电介质与两个导电件之间的双重对位被转化成了柱体13a与杆体19a之间的 单一对位，对位难度大为降低，如此，在超声波刀柄与旋转轴2的连接过程中，导电转接头13与电性接头19之间可非常顺利地形成有效的电连接，并且电性导通稳定，可提升超声波主轴1000的高频振动的切削作业效果。另一方面，得益于柱体13a的支撑，导电介质在与导电件形成电连接时不易磨耗或弯折，同样的，得益于杆体19a的支撑，导电件在与导电介质形成电连接时也不易磨耗或弯折，因此，导电转接头13与电性接头19之间可形成稳定的电性导通，不会有接触不良的情况发生，还可有效地延长超声波主轴1000的使用寿命。
如图9所示，第一导电件19b设有外露于所述杆体19a的前端的第一接线位1903，第一导线20连接于第一接线位1903，第二导电件19c设有外露于杆体19a的前端的第二接线位1904，第二导线21连接于第二接线位1904。在本实施例中，第一接线位1903呈环状并环绕于第二接线位1904的外围，第二接线位1904呈柱状。
如图3和图5所示，插槽1303内靠近槽口的位置还可以设有密封圈14，如此，当杆体19a的后端插入柱体13a的插槽1303内时，密封圈14可对杆体19a上的水或杂物进行清理，以提高导电介质与导电件之间电连接的可靠性。
如图9所示，连接槽1602的槽底还可以设有沉槽1604，杆体19a的前端固定于沉槽1604内，例如，杆体19a的前端套设有套环22，套环22与沉槽1604螺接或焊接。此外，为了防止水、汽等杂质腐蚀导电件，套环22与杆体19a之间还设有密封圈14。
如图9所示，沉槽1604与安装槽1601之间还可以设有连通孔1605，第一导线20穿过连通孔1605与第一导电件19b电连接，第二导线21穿过连通孔1605与第二导电件19c电连接。在本实施例中，第一导电件19b的第一接线位1903和第二导电件19c的第二接线位1904穿过连通孔1605并伸入安装槽1601内， 以便于导线的连接。
实施例二
如图10所示，本申请实施例提供一种超声波机床，其主要包括超声波电源2000和实施例一提供的超声波主轴1000，其中，超声波主轴1000的无线发射组件8与超声波电源2000电连接。
综上，本申请实施例提供了一种超声波主轴1000及包括其的超声波机床，与相关技术相比，该超声波主轴1000具有易于维护、拆装方便、电性导通稳定、安全性高、加工效果好等优点，该超声波机床由于采用了上述的超声波主轴1000，因此同样具有电性导通稳定，加工效果好等优点。
Claims (26)
- 一种超声波主轴，包括：旋转轴，所述旋转轴的内部设有腔道，所述旋转轴的前端设有与所述腔道相连通的套孔；推杆，设于所述腔道内并可沿所述腔道滑动，所述推杆的前端设有电导头，所述电导头包括彼此绝缘的第一导电体和第二导电体；套体，可拆卸地连接于所述推杆的前端，并可跟随所述推杆滑动，所述套体设有贯穿其前后两端的贯通孔，所述贯通孔内设有导电转接头，所述导电转接头包括柱体以及设于所述柱体上的第一导电介质和第二导电介质，所述第一导电介质与所述第一导电体电连接，所述第二导电介质与所述第二导电体电连接；超声波刀柄，所述超声波刀柄包括刀柄本体、变幅杆、振子以及电性接头，所述刀柄本体的后端可通过所述套孔与所述旋转轴相连接，所述刀柄本体的前端设有安装槽，所述变幅杆通过所述安装槽与所述刀柄本体相连接，所述振子设于所述变幅杆上，所述电性接头包括杆体以及设于所述杆体上且彼此绝缘的第一导电件和第二导电件，所述杆体立设于所述刀柄本体上，所述第一导电件通过第一导线与所述振子的第一电极电连接，所述第二导电件通过第二导线与所述振子的第二电极电连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述第二导电体设于所述第一导电体的内部，且二者通过绝缘体连接为一体，所述第一导电体的前端设有第一连接部，所述第二导电体的前端设有第二连接部，所述第一连接部呈环状并环绕于所述第二连接部的外围。
- 根据权利要求2所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述第一导电介质和所述第二导电介质均部分嵌设于所述柱体的内部，且所述第一导电介质设有外露于所 述柱体的后端的第一连接位，所述第二导电介质设有外露于所述柱体的后端的第二连接位，所述第一连接位呈环状并环绕于所述第二连接位的外围，所述第一连接部与所述第一连接位相连接，所述第二连接部与所述第二连接位相连接。
- 根据权利要求3所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述第一连接部插入所述第一连接位的环口内；或所述第一连接位插入所述第一连接部的环口内。
- 根据权利要求3所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述第二连接部设有插口，所述第二连接位呈柱状并插入所述插口内；或所述第二连接位设有插口，所述第二连接部呈柱状并插入所述插口内。
- 根据权利要求1所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述推杆的前端设有凹槽，所述凹槽的槽壁设有安装螺纹，所述电导头通过所述安装螺纹与所述凹槽的槽壁螺接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述贯通孔的孔壁设有第一连接螺纹，所述推杆的前端通过所述第一连接螺纹与所述贯通孔的孔壁螺接。
- 根据权利要求7所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述推杆与所述贯通孔之间设有密封圈。
- 根据权利要求1所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述贯通孔的孔壁设有第二连接螺纹，所述导电转接头通过所述第二连接螺纹与所述贯通孔的孔壁螺接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述第一导电介质和所述第二导电介质均部分嵌设于所述柱体的内部，所述柱体的前端设有供所述杆体插入的插槽，所述第一导电介质设有外露于所述插槽的槽壁的第一接触部，所述第二导电介质设有外露于所述插槽的槽壁的第二接触部。
- 根据权利要求10所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述插槽内靠近槽口的位 置设有密封圈。
- 根据权利要求10所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述第一导电件和所述第二导电件均部分嵌设于所述杆体的内部，所述第一导电件设有外露于所述杆体的外壁的第一接触位，用于与所述第一接触部接触后形成电连接，所述第二导电件设有外露于所述杆体的外壁的第二接触位，用于与所述第二接触部接触后形成电连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述第一导电件和所述第二导电件均嵌设于所述杆体的内部，且所述第一导电件设有外露于所述杆体的前端的第一接线位，所述第一导线连接于所述第一接线位，所述第二导电件设有外露于所述杆体的前端的第二接线位，所述第二导线连接于所述第二接线位。
- 根据权利要求1所述的超声波主轴，还包括：拉爪，所述拉爪套于所述套体的外部，且所述腔道的腔壁上设有限制所述拉爪滑动的限位凸台，所述拉爪的前端设有爪勾，所述刀柄本体的后端设有连接槽，所述连接槽的槽壁设有凸缘，所述爪勾与所述凸缘挂接或脱开，所述杆体立设于所述连接槽内。
- 根据权利要求14所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述套体靠近其前端的外壁设有用于撑开所述拉爪的膨胀凸起。
- 根据权利要求14所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述拉爪的外部箍设有弹性件。
- 根据权利要求14所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述连接槽的槽底设有沉槽，所述杆体的前端固定于所述沉槽内。
- 根据权利要求17所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述杆体的前端套设有套环，所述套环与所述沉槽螺接或焊接。
- 根据权利要求18所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述套环与所述杆体之间 设有密封圈。
- 根据权利要求17所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述振子设于所述安装槽内，所述沉槽与所述安装槽之间设有连通孔，所述第一导线穿过所述连通孔与所述第一导电件电连接，所述第二导线穿过所述连通孔与所述第二导电件电连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的超声波主轴，还包括：筒座，所述旋转轴可转动地穿设于所述筒座的内部，所述筒座内设有无线发射组件，所述旋转轴上设有与所述无线发射组件间隔相对设置的无线接收组件，所述第一导电体通过第一电线与所述无线接收组件的线圈电连接，所述第二导电体通过第二电线与所述无线接收组件的线圈电连接。
- 根据权利要求21所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述筒座包括主壳体以及设于所述主壳体后端的后端盖，所述旋转轴可转动地穿设于所述主壳体的内部，所述无线接收组件设于所述旋转轴的后端，所述无线发射组件设于所述后端盖的内部。
- 根据权利要求22所述的超声波主轴，还包括：编码器齿轮，所述编码器齿轮设于所述旋转轴的后端，所述无线接收组件设于所述编码器齿轮上。
- 根据权利要求21所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述第一导电体的后端设有第一接线部，所述第一电线连接于所述第一接线部，所述第二导电体的后端设有第二接线部，所述第二电线连接于所述第二接线部。
- 根据权利要求21所述的超声波主轴，其中，所述推杆设有贯通的孔道，所述第一电线和所述第二电线从所述孔道中穿过。
- 一种超声波机床，包括：权利要求1-25任一项所述的超声波主轴。
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| WO2022185210A1 (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2022-09-09 | Neo Medical Sa | A method and system for proposing spinal rods for orthopedic surgery using augmented reality |
| WO2023285894A1 (en) | 2021-07-13 | 2023-01-19 | Neo Medical Sa | A method and system for verifying a correction of a spinal curvature by imaging and tracking |
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| US20090049684A1 (en) * | 2007-08-22 | 2009-02-26 | Garcia Steven E | Tool and method for pulling and cutting a Z-axis electrical interconnector |
| TWM558670U (zh) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-21 | Spintech Precision Machinery Co Ltd | 加工主軸之電性導通裝置 |
| CN207664413U (zh) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-07-27 | 刘季豪 | 加工主轴的电性传导装置 |
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| US20090049684A1 (en) * | 2007-08-22 | 2009-02-26 | Garcia Steven E | Tool and method for pulling and cutting a Z-axis electrical interconnector |
| TWM558670U (zh) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-21 | Spintech Precision Machinery Co Ltd | 加工主軸之電性導通裝置 |
| CN207664413U (zh) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-07-27 | 刘季豪 | 加工主轴的电性传导装置 |
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| WO2022185210A1 (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2022-09-09 | Neo Medical Sa | A method and system for proposing spinal rods for orthopedic surgery using augmented reality |
| WO2023285894A1 (en) | 2021-07-13 | 2023-01-19 | Neo Medical Sa | A method and system for verifying a correction of a spinal curvature by imaging and tracking |
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