WO2021051274A1 - 一种新型钉式沉垫基础 - Google Patents

一种新型钉式沉垫基础 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021051274A1
WO2021051274A1 PCT/CN2019/106219 CN2019106219W WO2021051274A1 WO 2021051274 A1 WO2021051274 A1 WO 2021051274A1 CN 2019106219 W CN2019106219 W CN 2019106219W WO 2021051274 A1 WO2021051274 A1 WO 2021051274A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
type
sliding
foundation
nail
mat foundation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/106219
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于龙
张荷月
李书兆
王忠涛
Original Assignee
大连理工大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 大连理工大学 filed Critical 大连理工大学
Priority to PCT/CN2019/106219 priority Critical patent/WO2021051274A1/zh
Publication of WO2021051274A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021051274A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10—Deep foundations
    • E02D27/12—Pile foundations
    • E02D27/14—Pile framings, i.e. piles assembled to form the substructure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of installation of movable platforms in offshore engineering such as geotechnical, geological, environmental and other offshore projects, and relates to a new type of nail-type cushion foundation.
  • the bottom-mounted drilling platform is generally composed of an upper hull and a lower cushion.
  • the size of the cushion is equivalent to that of the upper hull.
  • the cushion is filled with water and ballast so that it sits on the seabed and provides bearing capacity.
  • the silt in shallow seas is thick and the slope is gentle, and some silt layers can even reach 4 meters.
  • the mat is located in the silt layer, which is not conducive to the anti-slip and anti-overturning stability of the entire platform. Try to avoid this during the installation process. This situation.
  • the area of the sink bottom is very large, and it often can only penetrate into the soft soil layer, and cannot squeeze all the silt through the hard soil layer.
  • the existing solutions mainly include the method of throwing rocks to squeeze the silt and adding a skirt to the cushion.
  • the rock dumping and silt squeezing method can achieve the purpose of partially squeezing the silt, it has a great impact on the environment and increases the cost.
  • This method is not recommended now; adding apron to the mat is to install apron around the mat Make it penetrate the silt layer directly to the supporting layer to improve the horizontal anti-slip ability of the mat.
  • the silt is trapped in the skirt and cannot be discharged during the penetration of the mat.
  • the length of the skirt extending into the supporting hard soil layer is limited, which makes The role of the skirt board is greatly reduced, and some skirt boards cannot even touch the bottom supporting layer, and the role of the skirt board is useless.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a new type of nailed cushion foundation.
  • This new type of nailed cushion foundation does not need to be pre-processed on the seabed in advance, and can remove the silt on the surface of the seabed without affecting the environment. Extruding it can make the cushion penetrate into the bottom supporting layer, increasing the anti-slip and anti-overturning capabilities of the entire platform.
  • a new type of nail-type cushion foundation which can increase the anti-slip and anti-overturning capabilities of the entire platform;
  • the new type of nail-type cushion foundation is mainly composed of any type of cushion foundation and multiple anti-skid nails.
  • Anti-sliding nails are fixed under the type of mat foundation. The size of the anti-sliding nails is determined according to the thickness of the silt layer in the target sea area, and at the same time, it needs to meet the anti-buckling requirements.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the anti-sliding nail includes, but is not limited to, various cross-sectional shapes such as circular, rectangular, cross, and irregular polygons.
  • the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the anti-slip nail includes, but is not limited to, various cross-sectional shapes such as rectangle, cone, and irregular polygon.
  • the number and distribution of anti-sliding nails are determined according to the entire platform, anti-sliding and anti-overturning requirements and the soil characteristics of the target sea area.
  • the distribution forms include but not limited to axisymmetric, centrosymmetric and other forms of distribution.
  • the dispersedly arranged anti-slide nails penetrate the seabed first, and when the bottom surface of the cushion foundation touches the surface of the seabed, the soft soil of the silt layer is squeezed and begins to expand to the surroundings, and the mud is discharged smoothly. It is ensured that the nailed cushion foundation can penetrate further into the seabed, and the anti-sliding nail can penetrate deeper into the holding hard soil layer, providing better anti-sliding and anti-overturning bearing capacity.
  • the device of the present invention is suitable for all movable ocean platforms that require a mat foundation, and can improve the anti-slip and anti-overturning capabilities of the entire platform without affecting the environment.
  • Figure 1 is an example diagram of a new type of nail-type cushion foundation, in which the anti-sliding nails are rectangular;
  • Figure 2 is three examples of the cross-sectional shape and distribution of anti-sliding nails
  • Figure 2(a) is a rectangular anti-sliding nail, which is evenly distributed;
  • Figure 2(b) is the round anti-slide nails, which are distributed in a diamond shape
  • Figure 2(c) is the cross anti-slide nails, which are distributed radially;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the existing sunbed foundation penetrating the seabed
  • Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the penetration of a conventional mat foundation into the seabed
  • Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the skirt-type cushion foundation penetrating into the seabed
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a new type of nail-type cushion foundation penetrating into the seabed.
  • Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the penetration of conventional mat foundations into the seabed in actual projects. Due to the large area of the sinking bottom, it can only penetrate into the soft soil layer and cannot squeeze all the silt into the hard soil layer. A weak shear zone is formed between the bottom surface of the cushion and the supporting hard soil layer, and the anti-slip ability is poor. The drilling platform is prone to horizontal slip and overturning when subjected to loads such as wind, waves and currents.
  • Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the skirt-type cushion foundation penetrating into the seabed. The horizontal anti-slip ability of the cushion is improved by installing a skirt around the cushion to penetrate the silt layer and reach the supporting layer.
  • the silt is trapped in the apron during the penetration of the mat and cannot be discharged.
  • the length of the apron into the holding hard soil layer is limited, which greatly reduces the role of the apron.
  • Some aprons cannot even touch the bottom holding layer. The role of the board is useless.
  • the dispersedly arranged anti-skid nails penetrate the seabed first, and when the bottom surface of the cushioned foundation touches the surface of the seabed, the soft soil of the silt layer is squeezed and begins to move toward the seabed.
  • the surrounding expansion and smooth mud drainage ensure that the nail-type cushion foundation can further penetrate the seabed, and the anti-sliding nail can penetrate deeper into the holding hard soil layer, providing better anti-slip and anti-overturning bearing capacity.
  • this embodiment provides a new type of nail-type mat foundation, which can increase the depth of the mat foundation, not only to increase the vertical bearing capacity, but also to greatly improve the horizontal anti-slip bearing capacity and anti-overturning of the entire platform Capability is an environment-friendly mat foundation type.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)

Abstract

一种新型钉式沉垫基础，用于增加平台的抗滑移和抗倾覆能力，包括：沉垫基础（1）和多根抗滑钉（2），在沉垫基础（1）下方固定有抗滑钉（2），抗滑钉（2）的尺寸根据目标海域的淤泥层厚度确定，抗滑钉（2）需满足抗屈曲要求。新型钉式沉垫基础能用于可移动海洋平台，能在不影响环境的情况下提升整个平台的抗滑移和抗倾覆能力。

Description

一种新型钉式沉垫基础 技术领域
本发明属于岩土、地质、环境等近海工程中可移动平台安装技术领域，涉及一种新型钉式沉垫基础。
背景技术
随着我国“一带一路”和“海上丝绸之路”的建设，不断向海洋进军成为时代发展的要求。我国渤海沿岸的胜利油田、大港油田和辽河油田等向海中延伸的浅海海域，潮差大而海底坡度小，对于开发此类浅海区域的石油资源，非常适合采用构造简单，投资少，建造周期短，但需要较平整海床作基础的坐底式钻井平台。
坐底式钻井平台一般由上部船体和下部沉垫两部分组成，沉垫尺寸与上部船体相当，安装时向沉垫内注水压载，使其坐落于海床上提供承载力。一般而言，浅海海域淤泥厚，坡度缓，有的淤泥层甚至可达4米，但沉垫坐落于淤泥层不利于整个平台的抗滑移抗倾覆稳定性，在安装过程中要极力避免这种情况。
实际工程中，沉垫底面积非常大，常常只能贯入软土层中，无法将淤泥全部挤开贯至硬土层。现有的解决办法主要有抛石挤淤法和给沉垫加装裙板法。抛石挤淤法虽然可以达到部分挤淤的目的，但是对环境影响很大，且增加成本，现已不提倡这种做法；给沉垫加装裙板是通过在沉垫周围加装裙板使其穿透淤泥层直达持力层来提升沉垫水平抗滑移能力，但沉垫贯入过程中淤泥被困在裙板内无法排出，裙板伸入持力硬土层长度有限，使得裙板的作用大打折扣，有的裙板甚至无法触及底部持力层，裙板的作用形同虚设。
基于此，找到一种新型钉式沉垫基础，在不影响环境的前提下，既可以将海床表面淤泥挤出去，又可以使沉垫贯入底部持力层，增加整个平台的抗滑移和抗倾覆能力至关重要。
发明概述
技术问题
本发明实施例提供了一种新型钉式沉垫基础，这种新型钉式沉垫基础不需要预先在海床上进行预处理等操作，在不影响环境的前提下，既可以将海床表面淤泥挤出去，又可以使沉垫贯入底部持力层，增加整个平台的抗滑移和抗倾覆能力。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
本发明的技术方案：
一种新型钉式沉垫基础，实现增加整个平台的抗滑移和抗倾覆能力；该新型钉式沉垫基础主要由任何型式的沉垫基础和多根抗滑钉组成，在现有的任何型式的沉垫基础下方固定有抗滑钉，抗滑钉的尺寸根据目标海域的淤泥层厚度确定，同时需满足抗屈曲要求。
抗滑钉的横截面形状包括但不限于圆形、矩形、十字形、不规则多边形等多种截面形状。抗滑钉的纵截面形状包括但不限于矩形、锥形、不规则多边形等多种截面形状。
抗滑钉的数量和分布根据整个平台和抗滑移抗倾覆要求及目标海域的土体特性确定，其分布形式包括但不限于轴对称、中心对称以及其他形式的分布。
当钉式沉垫基础贯入海床时，分散排列的抗滑钉先行贯入海床，等沉垫基础底面接触海床表面，淤泥层的软土受到挤压开始向四周扩展，排泥通畅，这保证了钉式沉垫基础可以进一步贯入海床，抗滑钉得以贯入持力硬土层更深处，提供更好的抗滑移和抗倾覆承载力。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
本发明的有益效果：本发明的装置适用于所有需要沉垫基础的可移动海洋平台，能在不影响环境的情况下提升整个平台的抗滑移和抗倾覆能力。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
图1是新型钉式沉垫基础示例图，图中抗滑钉为矩形；
图2是抗滑钉截面形状和分布的三个示例；
图2(a)是矩形抗滑钉，呈均匀分布；
图2(b)是圆形抗滑钉，呈菱形分布；
图2(c)是十字抗滑钉，呈放射状分布；
图3是现有的沉垫基础贯入海床示意图
图3(a)是常规沉垫基础贯入海床示意图；
图3(b)是裙式沉垫基础贯入海床示意图；
图4是新型钉式沉垫基础贯入海床示意图。
图中：1沉垫基础；2抗滑钉。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
以下结合技术方案和附图，详细叙述本发明的具体实施方式。
实施例
图3(a)是实际工程中常规沉垫基础贯入海床示意图。由于沉垫底面积非常大，常常只能贯入软土层中，无法将淤泥全部挤开贯至硬土层。沉垫底面至底部持力硬土层间形成剪切薄弱带，抗滑移能力差，钻井平台受到风浪流等荷载容易发生水平滑移和倾覆。图3(b)是裙板式沉垫基础贯入海床示意图，通过在沉垫周围加装裙板使其穿透淤泥层直达持力层来提升沉垫水平抗滑移能力。但沉垫贯入过程中淤泥被困在裙板内无法排出，裙板伸入持力硬土层长度有限，使得裙板的作用大打折扣，有的裙板甚至无法触及底部持力层，裙板的作用形同虚设。
当采用新型钉式沉垫基础贯入海床时，如图4所示，分散排列的抗滑钉先行贯入海床，等沉垫基础底面接触海床表面，淤泥层的软土受到挤压开始向四周扩展，排泥通畅，这保证了钉式沉垫基础可以进一步贯入海床，抗滑钉得以贯入持力硬土层更深处，提供更好的抗滑移和抗倾覆承载力。
综上，本实施例提供了一种新型钉式沉垫基础，它可以增加沉垫基础的入泥深度，不仅提升竖向承载力，还大大提升整个平台的水平抗滑移承载力和抗倾覆能力，是一种环境友好型沉垫基础型式。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种新型钉式沉垫基础，实现增加整个平台的抗滑移和抗倾覆能力；其特征在于，该新型钉式沉垫基础主要由任何型式的沉垫基础和多根抗滑钉组成，在现有的任何型式的沉垫基础下方固定有抗滑钉，抗滑钉的尺寸根据目标海域的淤泥层厚度确定，同时需满足抗屈曲要求。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的新型钉式沉垫基础，其特征在于，所述的抗滑钉的横截面形状为圆形、矩形、十字形或不规则多边形；抗滑钉的纵截面形状为矩形、锥形或不规则多边形。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的新型钉式沉垫基础，其特征在于，所述的抗滑钉的数量和分布根据整个平台和抗滑移抗倾覆要求及目标海域的土体特性确定，其分布形式为轴对称或中心对称。
PCT/CN2019/106219 2019-09-17 2019-09-17 一种新型钉式沉垫基础 WO2021051274A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2019/106219 WO2021051274A1 (zh) 2019-09-17 2019-09-17 一种新型钉式沉垫基础

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2019/106219 WO2021051274A1 (zh) 2019-09-17 2019-09-17 一种新型钉式沉垫基础

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021051274A1 true WO2021051274A1 (zh) 2021-03-25

Family

ID=74883320

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2019/106219 WO2021051274A1 (zh) 2019-09-17 2019-09-17 一种新型钉式沉垫基础

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2021051274A1 (zh)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4217848A (en) * 1976-09-11 1980-08-19 Marine Service Gmbh Floating gas liquefaction installation
CN103215870A (zh) * 2013-04-15 2013-07-24 胜利油田胜利勘察设计研究院有限公司 透空桩板组合式进海路结构
CN103741706A (zh) * 2014-01-02 2014-04-23 上海大学 一种深水开敞式组合基础码头及其建造方法
JP5646978B2 (ja) * 2010-12-15 2014-12-24 五洋建設株式会社 透過式海域制御構造物の構築方法
CN107075824A (zh) * 2014-11-27 2017-08-18 格拉夫漂浮股份公司 用于离岸活动的海床终端
CN109312552A (zh) * 2016-05-26 2019-02-05 胜科海事综合船厂私人有限公司 提供浅水钻探终端的海床支撑的单元及方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4217848A (en) * 1976-09-11 1980-08-19 Marine Service Gmbh Floating gas liquefaction installation
JP5646978B2 (ja) * 2010-12-15 2014-12-24 五洋建設株式会社 透過式海域制御構造物の構築方法
CN103215870A (zh) * 2013-04-15 2013-07-24 胜利油田胜利勘察设计研究院有限公司 透空桩板组合式进海路结构
CN103741706A (zh) * 2014-01-02 2014-04-23 上海大学 一种深水开敞式组合基础码头及其建造方法
CN107075824A (zh) * 2014-11-27 2017-08-18 格拉夫漂浮股份公司 用于离岸活动的海床终端
CN109312552A (zh) * 2016-05-26 2019-02-05 胜科海事综合船厂私人有限公司 提供浅水钻探终端的海床支撑的单元及方法

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN112177031B (zh) 一种带放射肋板及防冲刷罩的海上风电机单桩基础
CA2828079C (en) Skirted foundation for penetrating soft material
NO862200L (no) Undervannsfundamenteringselement og anvendelse av dette.
KR20000020204A (ko) 중간 피복용 블록
CN109853608A (zh) 一种海上风机重力式基础复合地基及其处理方法
CN111364494B (zh) 一种使用锚索及斜直桩支撑的海上高桩承台基础及其施工方法
RU2090699C1 (ru) Морская платформа и способ ее сооружения
JPS6149029A (ja) 水中基礎固定装置
CN105297764A (zh) 海上风电场风机单桩基础及其施工方法
CN106978817A (zh) 一种新型挡土墙基础处理型式及一种新型挡土墙
CN210797618U (zh) 一种新型锥形沉垫基础
CN211006752U (zh) 一种新型钉式沉垫基础
WO2021051274A1 (zh) 一种新型钉式沉垫基础
CN113772017A (zh) 一种深海重力式裙板锚的设计方法
US3961489A (en) Method for placing a floating structure on the sea bed
CN109610462B (zh) 针对海底管道冲刷灾害的注浆防护方法及其使用的注浆设备
CA2815992A1 (en) Conical piled monopod
CN108222057A (zh) 一种离岸式桶型基础的免开挖施工方法
CN212506362U (zh) 一种使用锚索及斜直桩支撑的海上高桩承台基础
Zhao et al. A new spudcan with buoyancy modules for mobile jack-up rigs
CN205975651U (zh) 一种超深基坑高低跨外墙盲沟排水结构
CN104727326B (zh) 一种变水位结构的减载方法
CN110499777A (zh) 一种新型钉式沉垫基础
CN108532585A (zh) 一种岩溶区古塌陷的地基处理方法
CN220725172U (zh) 一种嵌岩重力式风机基础

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19945650

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19945650

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1