WO2021048920A1 - Storage battery management system - Google Patents

Storage battery management system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021048920A1
WO2021048920A1 PCT/JP2019/035541 JP2019035541W WO2021048920A1 WO 2021048920 A1 WO2021048920 A1 WO 2021048920A1 JP 2019035541 W JP2019035541 W JP 2019035541W WO 2021048920 A1 WO2021048920 A1 WO 2021048920A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
soh
storage battery
unit
state information
estimation unit
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2019/035541
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
五反田　武志
和人 布施
昌浩 田中
森田　朋和
智博 戸張
光則 高田
Original Assignee
株式会社 東芝
東芝エネルギーシステムズ株式会社
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Application filed by 株式会社 東芝, 東芝エネルギーシステムズ株式会社 filed Critical 株式会社 東芝
Priority to PCT/JP2019/035541 priority Critical patent/WO2021048920A1/en
Priority to JP2021545005A priority patent/JP7225421B2/en
Publication of WO2021048920A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021048920A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • An embodiment of the present invention relates to a storage battery management system.
  • VPP Virtual Power
  • the aggregator centrally manages and controls power generation equipment such as solar power generation and energy resources such as storage batteries of multiple consumers, and bundles the amount of power obtained from these power generation equipment and storage batteries to the power transmission and distribution companies. Conduct electricity transactions with businesses such as retail electricity companies.
  • this aggregator is roughly divided into a resource aggregator and an aggregation coordinator.
  • a resource aggregator is a business operator that directly concludes contracts with multiple consumers regarding the control of energy resources owned by the consumers, and performs integrated management of renewable energy power generation facilities, remote control of storage batteries, air conditioning, etc., and integrated management. ..
  • the aggregation coordinator is a business operator that bundles the amount of electric power obtained under the control of the resource aggregator and directly trades electric power with a power transmission and distribution business operator or a retail electric power business operator.
  • the storage battery is a facility that plays an important role in adjusting the supply and demand of electric power, and its usage mode is also diverse. Since the storage battery deteriorates due to use, the deteriorated state of the storage battery is also diverse, and it is not possible to simply grasp the deteriorated state of the storage battery from the number of years of use. Therefore, the state of the storage battery cannot be accurately grasped, and the operational efficiency of the storage battery may deteriorate.
  • An embodiment of the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a storage battery management system capable of improving the operational efficiency of the storage battery.
  • the storage battery management system of the present embodiment manages a storage battery, a control device for controlling charging / discharging of the storage battery, and SOH which is a deteriorated state of the storage battery, and a charging schedule of the storage battery.
  • the control device includes a state information acquisition unit that acquires the state information of the storage battery, a state information transmission unit that transmits the state information to the management device, and a SOH of the storage battery. It has a first estimation unit for estimation and an SOH transmission unit for transmitting the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit to the management device, and the management device is higher than the first estimation unit from the state information.
  • It has a second estimation unit that estimates SOH with accuracy, and a charging schedule calculation unit that calculates the charging schedule using the SOH obtained by the second estimation unit or the latest SOH obtained by the first estimation unit.
  • the frequency with which the SOH transmitting unit transmits the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit increases as time elapses after the SOH is estimated by the second estimation unit.
  • FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the structure of the storage battery management system which concerns on embodiment. It is a functional block diagram of the storage battery management system which concerns on embodiment. It is an example of the sequence diagram of the storage battery management system which concerns on embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a storage battery management system according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the storage battery management system according to the embodiment.
  • the storage battery management system includes a storage battery 1, a control device 2, and a management device 3, the control device 2 monitors and controls the state of the storage battery 1, and the management device 3 monitors and controls the state of the storage battery 1.
  • the deterioration state of 1 is managed, and the operation plan of the storage battery 1 is calculated.
  • the control device 2 and the management device 3 are connected to each other via a network N, and are configured to be capable of transmitting and receiving information and signals possessed by the devices 2 and 3 to and from each other.
  • the storage battery 1 is, for example, a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery owned by a consumer.
  • the storage battery 1 is installed in a consumer's house, for example, and is connected to a power source such as a grid power source and a consumer's solar power generation facility and a load such as a consumer's lighting and air conditioning, and receives power from the power source. It charges and supplies the stored power to the load.
  • the control device 2 includes a so-called battery management unit (BMU), monitors the state of the storage battery 1, and controls charging / discharging.
  • BMU battery management unit
  • the control device 2 includes a state information acquisition unit 21, a state information transmission unit 22, a charge / discharge control unit 23, a first estimation unit 24, a SOH transmission unit 25, and a storage unit 26.
  • the status information acquisition unit 21 acquires the status information of the storage battery 1.
  • the storage battery 1 is provided with a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor, and the state information acquisition unit 21 acquires the voltage, current, and temperature of the storage battery 1 at each time measured by these sensors. ..
  • the state information is, for example, a charge curve, a discharge curve, and a discharge amount of the storage battery 1.
  • the storage battery 1 is configured by connecting a plurality of cells in series or in parallel, and the status information acquisition unit 21 acquires the voltage of each cell connected in series in addition to the total voltage of the storage battery 1. You may.
  • the horizontal axis is the amount of charge
  • the vertical axis is the voltage of the storage battery 1 or the voltage of the series unit constituting the storage battery 1
  • the state information acquisition unit 21 obtains the voltage and current of the storage battery 1 measured during charging. ..
  • the charging curve of the storage battery 1 can be obtained by plotting the voltage of the storage battery 1 with respect to the charging capacity obtained by integrating the current values up to each time during charging.
  • the horizontal axis is the amount of discharge
  • the vertical axis is the voltage of the storage battery 1 or the voltage in series units constituting the storage battery 1
  • the state information acquisition unit 21 obtains the voltage and current of the storage battery 1 measured during discharge. ..
  • the discharge curve of the storage battery 1 can be obtained by plotting the voltage of the storage battery 1 with respect to the discharge capacity obtained by integrating the current values up to each time during discharging.
  • the discharge amount is the amount discharged by the storage battery 1, and can be obtained by integrating the current value of the storage battery 1 measured during the discharge.
  • the status information transmission unit 22 transmits the status information acquired by the status information acquisition unit 21 to the management device 3.
  • the state information transmission unit 22 is connected by wire or wirelessly via a network.
  • the state information transmission unit 22 includes, for example, a CPU and a network adapter.
  • the charge / discharge control unit 23 includes, for example, a CPU, and controls the charge / discharge of the storage battery 1.
  • the charge / discharge control unit 23 monitors the state information acquired by the state information acquisition unit 21 and controls charge / discharge so as not to cause an overvoltage or a sudden temperature rise.
  • the charge / discharge control unit 23 controls the charging of the storage battery 1 according to the charging schedule described later received from the management device 3. Further, the charge / discharge control unit 23 may control the charge of the storage battery 1 according to the charge rate described later received by the management device 3.
  • the first estimation unit 24 is configured to include, for example, a CPU, and estimates SOH (States of Health), which is a deteriorated state of the storage battery 1.
  • SOH States of Health
  • a method of estimating SOH more simply and with lower accuracy than the estimation method by the second estimation unit 31 described later of the management device 3 can be used.
  • the transient difference voltage method and the discharge differential curve analysis can be used.
  • a method, an estimation method based on charge / discharge history, an AC impedance method, an AC internal resistance method, a DC charge / discharge measurement method, or the like can be used.
  • the transient difference voltage method measures the difference voltage, which is the difference between the upper limit voltage of charging and the discharge voltage after a certain period of time has passed since the start of discharge, and based on the correlation between the difference voltage and the battery capacity and charge / discharge efficiency, the charge capacity, Calculate the charge / discharge efficiency.
  • the discharge differential curve analysis method estimates the deterioration state inside the battery from the shape of the differential curve (dV / dQ curve, etc.) of the discharge curve (voltage-discharge amount curve) when fully charged at a constant current.
  • the estimation method based on the charge / discharge history accumulates comprehensive data on the environmental conditions of the storage battery and the usage conditions such as charging and discharging, and estimates the deterioration state of the battery.
  • the AC impedance method In the AC impedance method, alternating currents of various frequencies are applied to the storage battery 1, and the impedance characteristics inside the storage battery 1 are obtained from the analysis of the response currents, and the deterioration state inside the battery is estimated.
  • the value of the impedance horizontal axis (impedance real number component)
  • the capacity is estimated from the correlation with the storage battery capacity.
  • charging / discharging is performed and the battery capacity is directly measured.
  • a pulse current for a certain period of time is passed, the voltage change is measured, and the internal resistance is calculated.
  • the first estimation unit 24 can also use the SOH estimated by the second estimation unit 31, which will be described later, as a reference. That is, the control device 2 can replace the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit 24 with the SOH estimated by the second estimation unit 31.
  • the SOH transmission unit 25 transmits the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit 24 to the management device 3.
  • the SOH transmission unit 25 transmits so that the frequency of transmitting the SOH assumed by the first estimation unit 24 increases as time elapses after the SOH is estimated by the second estimation unit 31.
  • the transmission cycle by the SOH transmission unit 25 is shortened with time with respect to the SOH estimation cycle by the second estimation unit 31.
  • the transmission cycle by the SOH transmission unit 25 is shortened to 3 days, 2 days, and 1 day in order.
  • the SOH estimation cycle by the first estimation unit 24 is also shortened with time, for example, 3 days, 2 days, and 1 day in order.
  • the SOH transmission unit 25 includes, for example, a CPU and a network adapter.
  • the storage unit 26 is a recording medium such as a memory, an HDD, or an SSD.
  • the storage unit 26 stores programs and databases required for calculations, and also stores various types of information.
  • the storage unit 26 stores the state information acquired by the state information acquisition unit 21. Further, the SOH of the storage battery 1 obtained by the second estimation unit 31 received from the management device 3 and the SOH of the storage battery 1 obtained by the first estimation unit 24 are stored.
  • the management device 3 manages the SOH, which is a deteriorated state of the storage battery 1, and calculates the charging schedule of the storage battery 1.
  • the management device 3 is, for example, a server connected to the control device 2 via a network.
  • the management device 3 has a second estimation unit 31, a storage unit 32, a charge schedule calculation unit 33, a SOH transmission unit 34, a charge schedule transmission unit 35, and a state information transmission command unit 36.
  • the second estimation unit 31 includes, for example, a CPU, and estimates SOH with higher accuracy than the first estimation unit 24 from the state information received from the control device 2.
  • the second estimation unit 31 has an analysis unit and a SOH calculation unit.
  • the analysis unit calculates the internal resistance or capacity of the storage battery 1.
  • the state information is a charge curve
  • the analysis unit calculates the internal resistance or capacity of the storage battery 1 by the charge curve analysis method.
  • the SOH calculation unit calculates the SOH of the storage battery 1 from the calculated value calculated by the analysis unit and the internal resistance or capacity of the storage battery 1 in the initial state.
  • SOH is defined as (current internal resistance / initial state internal resistance) ⁇ 100 or (current capacity / initial state capacity) ⁇ 100.
  • various parameters indicating the internal state of the battery are estimated from the charge curve data such as voltage, current, and time, and the battery state values indicating the progress of deterioration of the battery such as capacity and internal resistance are calculated. It is a method.
  • the second estimation unit 31 may calculate the charge rate from the SOH in addition to the internal resistance or capacitance.
  • the method of estimating SOH from the discharge curve is basically the same as the above-mentioned charge curve analysis method.
  • the storage unit 32 is a recording medium such as a memory, an HDD, or an SSD.
  • the storage unit 32 stores programs, databases, and various types of information necessary for calculation.
  • the storage unit 32 stores in advance the internal resistance and capacity of the storage battery 1 used in the second estimation unit 31 to calculate the SOH in the initial state.
  • the storage unit 32 stores various information.
  • the storage unit 32 stores the SOH obtained by the first estimation unit 24 and the second estimation unit 31. That is, the management device 3 manages the SOH of the storage battery 1 by storing the latest SOH of the storage battery 1 in the storage unit 32.
  • the storage unit 32 stores the SOH estimated by the second estimation unit 31, but when the latest SOH estimated by the first estimation unit 24 is obtained, it can be replaced with the latest SOH by updating. ..
  • the charging schedule calculation unit 33 is configured to include, for example, a CPU, and uses the latest SOH of the storage battery 1 as the correct one to calculate the charging schedule of the storage battery 1.
  • the charging schedule calculation unit 33 may further calculate the charging schedule by taking into consideration the charging rate, the usage history of the storage battery 1, the time zone in which the electricity charge is low, the time zone in which the electricity charge is high, or one or more of these. ..
  • the charge schedule calculation unit 33 charges at a low rate when the charge amount is empty or close to empty, and sets the charge rate when the charge amount reaches a predetermined charge amount. Calculate the charging schedule to be raised. Further, when the storage battery 1 has deteriorated (SOH becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined threshold value), a low-rate charging schedule is calculated.
  • the SOH transmission unit 34 transmits the SOH estimated by the second estimation unit 31 to the control device 2.
  • the charge schedule transmission unit 35 transmits the charge schedule calculated by the charge schedule calculation unit 33 to the control device 2.
  • the charging schedule transmission unit 35 may transmit not only the charging schedule but also the charging rate obtained by the second estimation unit 31.
  • the SOH transmission unit 34 and the charging schedule transmission unit 35 include, for example, a CPU and a network adapter.
  • the state information transmission command unit 36 includes, for example, a CPU and a network adapter, generates a control signal for controlling the control device 2, and transmits the control signal to the control device 2.
  • This control signal is a signal that causes the control device 2 to acquire and transmit the state information of the storage battery 1.
  • this control signal causes the state information acquisition unit 21 to acquire the state information of the storage battery 1, and causes the state information transmission unit 22 to transmit the acquired state information to the management device 3.
  • the state information is, for example, the charge curve of the storage battery 1, the discharge amount, the charge amount history, and the battery remaining amount history.
  • the state information transmission command unit 36 causes the management device 3 to transmit the history of the remaining battery level of the storage battery 1 to the control device 2 in order to obtain the charging curve of the storage battery 1.
  • This predetermined period may be a period from the initial state of the storage battery 1 or may be the latest fixed period. It is preferable that the period includes a periodic pattern in which the remaining battery level becomes the minimum value.
  • the state information transmission command unit 36 estimates from the obtained history of the remaining battery level from the time zone in which the remaining battery level is the lowest in a predetermined period (for example, one day) to the time zone in which the remaining battery level is the next lowest. Generates and transmits control signals during the time period. Preferably, the state information transmission command unit 36 predicts the date and time when the remaining battery level of the storage battery 1 becomes empty or near empty from the history of the remaining battery level, and obtains a charging curve in which measurement is started from that date and time. The control signal is generated and transmitted so as to be.
  • a predetermined period for example, one day
  • the status information transmission command unit 36 identifies a pattern in which the remaining battery level periodically becomes the minimum value from the history of the remaining battery level received, and predicts the date and time when the next remaining battery level becomes the minimum value from the pattern. To do.
  • the state information transmission command unit 36 can recognize a periodic pattern of the remaining battery level of the storage battery 1 according to the life cycle of the consumer.
  • the state information transmission command unit 36 generates and controls a control signal for causing the state information acquisition unit 21 to acquire the charge curve of the storage battery 1 as state information when the discharge amount of the storage battery 1 is larger than the first threshold value. It may be transmitted to the device 2.
  • the state information transmission command unit 36 may not transmit the control signal to the control device 2 when the discharge amount of the storage battery 1 is smaller than the second threshold value smaller than the first threshold value.
  • the first threshold value is, for example, the amount of discharge estimated to be deteriorated due to the discharge of the storage battery 1.
  • the second threshold value is, for example, the amount of discharge estimated that the deterioration of the storage battery 1 has not progressed significantly.
  • FIG. 3 is an example of a sequence diagram of the storage battery management system according to the embodiment.
  • the management device 3 transmits a control signal for causing the control device 2 to acquire and transmit the state information to the control device 2 by the state information transmission command unit 36 (step S01).
  • This state information includes the charge curve of the storage battery 1 and the usage history (history of charge amount, discharge amount, battery remaining amount).
  • the state information acquisition unit 21 acquires the state information including the charging curve and the usage history (step S02), and the state information transmission unit 22 acquires the acquired state information in the management device 3. (Step S03).
  • the management device 3 calculates the SOH of the storage battery 1 from the received status information (step S04). Specifically, the second estimation unit 31 calculates the internal resistance or capacity of the storage battery 1 from the charging curve by the analysis unit, for example, by the charging curve analysis method, and stores the calculated internal resistance or capacity in the storage unit 32. The current SOH is calculated by the SOH calculation unit from the internal resistance or capacity of the storage battery 1 in the initial state. The calculated SOH is stored in the storage unit 32. In other words, the SOH of the storage battery 1 stored in the storage unit 32 is updated.
  • the charging schedule calculation unit 33 calculates the charging schedule of the storage battery 1 using the latest SOH of the storage battery 1 (step S05).
  • the latest SOH here is the SOH obtained by the second estimation unit 31 in step S04.
  • the charging schedule may be calculated collectively for a certain period of time, or may be calculated for a short period of time such as every day.
  • the management device 3 determines the date and time for acquiring the next charging curve and the status information including the usage history from the received usage history of the storage battery 1 by the status information transmission command unit 36 (step S06).
  • the state information transmission command unit 36 specifies the date and time when the remaining battery level periodically reaches the minimum value from the usage history of the storage battery 1, and the next time from the cycle between the minimum values and the day when the latest minimum value is reached.
  • the date and time when the minimum value is specified is specified, and the date and time is set as the date and time when the state information is acquired.
  • the management device 3 transmits the SOH obtained by the second estimation unit 31 to the control device 2 by the SOH transmission unit 34, and controls the charge schedule obtained by the charge schedule calculation unit 33 by the charge schedule transmission unit 35. It is transmitted to the device 2 (step S07).
  • control device 2 When the control device 2 receives the SOH and the charging schedule from the management device 3, the control device 2 stores the SOH in the storage unit 26 (step S08), and the charge / discharge control unit 23 charges the storage battery 1 according to the charging schedule (step S09). ..
  • control device 2 calculates the SOH of the storage battery 1 by the first estimation unit 24 (step S10), stores the calculated SOH in the storage unit 26 (step S11), and stores the calculated SOH in the management device 3 by the SOH transmission unit 25. Transmit (step S12).
  • This calculation, storage, and transmission increase in frequency over time. In other words, as the date and time when the control signal is received next approaches the reception interval of the control signal instructing the acquisition and transmission of the state information from the management device 3, the first estimation unit 24, the SOH transmission unit 25, and the storage The cycle of SOH calculation, storage, and transmission by unit 26 is shortened.
  • the first estimation unit 24, the SOH transmission unit 25, and the storage unit 26 calculate, store, and transmit the SOH once every three days, and then two days. SOH is calculated, stored, and transmitted once a day, and SOH is calculated, stored, and transmitted once a day.
  • the management device 3 When the management device 3 receives the SOH from the control device 2 by the first estimation unit 24, the management device 3 stores the SOH in the storage unit 32 each time (step S13). That is, the management device 3 updates the SOH of the storage battery 1 with the latest SOH received. For example, when the SOH obtained by the first estimation unit 24 is first stored, the SOH obtained by the second estimation unit 31 is stored in the storage unit 32, and this SOH is obtained by the first estimation unit 24. Update to SOH.
  • the charging schedule calculation unit 33 calculates the charging schedule using the latest SOH (step S14), and the charging schedule transmitting unit 35 transmits the charging schedule to the control device 2 (step S15).
  • the management device 3 transmits the control signal to the control device 2 by the state information transmission command unit 36, and steps S02 to S15 are repeated.
  • the management of the storage battery 1 by the storage battery management system becomes unnecessary or maintenance is required, the operation of the system is terminated.
  • the storage battery management system of the present embodiment manages the storage battery 1, the control device 2 that controls the charging / discharging of the storage battery 1, and the SOH that is the deteriorated state of the storage battery 1, and manages to calculate the charging schedule of the storage battery 1.
  • a device 3 is provided, and the control device 2 estimates the state information acquisition unit 21 for acquiring the state information of the storage battery 1, the state information transmission unit 22 for transmitting the state information to the management device 3, and the SOH of the storage battery 1. It has a first estimation unit 24 and an SOH transmission unit 25 that transmits the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit 24 to the management device 3, and the management device 3 has higher accuracy than the first estimation unit 24 from the state information.
  • It has a second estimation unit 31 that estimates SOH, and a charging schedule calculation unit 33 that calculates a charging schedule using the SOH obtained by the second estimation unit 31 or the latest SOH obtained by the first estimation unit 24. Then, the frequency at which the SOH transmission unit 25 transmits the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit 24 is increased as time elapses after the SOH is estimated by the second estimation unit 31.
  • the accurate deterioration state of the storage battery 1 can be grasped, the charging schedule can be calculated in consideration of the deterioration state, and the operational efficiency of the storage battery 1 can be improved.
  • the management device 3 is a server owned by a resource aggregator.
  • the resource aggregator concludes a contract with the consumer regarding the control of energy resources, and performs integrated management of renewable energy power generation equipment, remote control of storage batteries and air conditioning, and integrated management.
  • the resource aggregator cannot accurately grasp the deterioration state of the storage battery 1, the operational efficiency of the storage battery 1 deteriorates, and the resource aggregator provides services to consumers, power transmission and distribution business operators, retail electric power companies, and the like. May decrease.
  • the management device 3 uses the SOH of the second estimation unit 31 that employs an estimation method with high estimation accuracy, and the first estimation unit 24 that employs a method that can easily estimate although the estimation accuracy is low.
  • the frequency with which the SOH transmitting unit 25 transmits the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit 24 is increased as time elapses after the SOH is estimated by the second estimation unit 31.
  • the estimation cycle of the first estimation unit 24 is gradually shortened, so that the latest SOH of the storage battery 1 can be used.
  • Obtainable For example, even if an attempt is made to calculate the charging schedule using only the SOH obtained by the second estimation unit 31, it takes time for the second estimation unit 31 to next estimate the SOH, such as acquisition of state information, and the storage battery 1 is in the meantime. Deterioration progresses with use.
  • the SOH managed by the management device 3 for calculating the charging schedule and the SOH of the actual storage battery 1 may deviate from each other, and the charging schedule in which the operating efficiency of the storage battery 1 is lowered may be calculated. Therefore, in the present embodiment, even if the estimation method of the second estimation unit 31 is not simple, the estimation cycle of the first estimation unit 24 and the SOH transmission cycle by the SOH transmission unit 25 gradually change with the passage of time. Since it is shortened, the management device 3 can grasp the more accurate deterioration state of the storage battery 1. Therefore, the operational efficiency of the storage battery 1 can be improved by calculating the charging schedule in consideration of a more accurate deterioration state. As a result, the quality of services provided by the resource aggregator can be improved.
  • the state information is the charge curve of the storage battery 1, and the second estimation unit 31 estimates the SOH from the charge curve by the charge curve analysis method.
  • the management device 3 can estimate the SOH of the storage battery 1 with high accuracy, and can calculate the charging schedule suitable for the state of the storage battery 1.
  • the management device 3 has an SOH transmission unit 25 that transmits the SOH estimated by the second estimation unit 31 to the control device 2.
  • the first estimation unit 24 transmits the SOH of the management device 3.
  • the SOH of the storage battery 1 is estimated based on the SOH received from the unit 25. As a result, the estimation accuracy of the SOH estimated by the control device 2 can be improved.
  • the charging schedule calculation unit 33 calculates the charging schedule of the storage battery 1 from the SOH estimated by the second estimation unit 31 and the charging rate. Thereby, the burden on the storage battery 1 can be reduced.
  • the charge schedule calculation unit 33 calculates a charging schedule that charges at a low rate when the charge amount is empty or close to empty, and raises the charge rate when the charge amount reaches a predetermined charge amount. The life of 1 can be extended. Further, the charging schedule calculation unit 33 may consider not only the charging rate but also the electricity charge. By charging the storage battery 1 during a time when the electricity charge is low and discharging the storage battery 1 during a time when the electricity charge is high, the life of the storage battery 1 can be extended and the electricity bill paid by the consumer can be reduced.
  • the state information of the storage battery 1 includes the discharge amount of the storage battery 1, and the management device 3 has a state information transmission command unit 36 that generates a control signal for controlling the control device 2, and the state information transmission command unit 36.
  • the charge curve is acquired by the state information acquisition unit 21 that has received the above, and the acquired charge curve is transmitted to the management device 3 by the state information transmission unit 22.
  • the management device 3 can accurately grasp the deteriorated state of the storage battery 1. That is, when the discharge amount of the storage battery 1 is larger than the first threshold value, it is estimated that the deterioration of the storage battery 1 is progressing, and it is considered that the SOH value has changed. In this case, When the management device 3 receives the charge curve, it is possible to accurately grasp the SOH of the storage battery 1.
  • the state information transmission command unit 36 generates a control signal for causing the state information acquisition unit 21 to acquire the charge curve of the storage battery 1 as state information when the discharge amount of the storage battery 1 is larger than the first threshold value. It is transmitted to the control device 2.
  • the state information transmission command unit 36 does not transmit the control signal to the control device 2 when the discharge amount of the storage battery 1 is smaller than the second threshold value smaller than the first threshold value.
  • the amount of communication of state information to the management device 3 of the control device 2 can be suppressed. That is, when the discharge amount of the storage battery 1 is smaller than the second threshold value smaller than the first threshold value, the storage battery 1 is in a state of not being used so much, and the progress of deterioration is charged by the second estimation unit 31 last time. It is estimated that it has not progressed much since the time when SOH was estimated from the curve. Therefore, there is little need for the management device 3 to manage the SOH, and the command for the management device 3 to acquire and transmit the charging curve to the control device 2 is forgotten. As a result, the amount of communication of state information to the management device 3 of the control device 2 can be suppressed.
  • the management device 3 is exemplified as a server that executes the function of the resource aggregator, but the management device 3 may be included in the home energy management system (HEMS). Further, the HEMS may acquire the state information of the storage battery 1 and transmit it to the management device 3. That is, the control device 2 or its function may be included in the configuration of the HEMS.
  • HEMS home energy management system
  • the SOH of the storage battery 1 is estimated not only by the second estimation unit 31 of the management device 3 but also by the first estimation unit 24 of the control device 2, but it is not necessarily performed by the first estimation unit 24. No estimation is required.
  • the second estimation unit 31 may repeat the estimation of the SOH. In this case, the cycle of acquiring and transmitting the state information by the control device 2 is gradually shortened according to the deterioration progress of the storage battery 1 (for example, according to the passage of time), and the estimation cycle by the second estimation unit 31 is also gradually shortened. You may try to do it.
  • the estimation cycle by the second estimation unit 31 is gradually shortened, and the estimation cycle by the first estimation unit 24 and the transmission cycle of SOH obtained by the first estimation unit 24 are also gradually shortened. Is also good.
  • the management device 3 estimates the SOH by the second estimation unit 31 using the state information as the charge curve, but the SOH may be estimated by the second estimation unit 31 using the state information as the discharge curve. .. Further, both the charge curve and the discharge curve may be acquired by the control device 2, and the SOH may be estimated from both curves by the second estimation unit 31.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

Provided is a storage battery management system that can improve the operating efficiency of a storage battery. A control device 2 has a state information acquiring unit 21 for acquiring state information of a storage battery 1, a state information transmitting unit 22 for transmitting the state information to a management device 3, a first estimating unit 24 for estimating the SOH of the storage battery 1, and an SOH transmitting unit 25 for transmitting the SOH estimated by the first estimating unit 24 to the management device 3. The management device 3 has a second estimating unit 31 for estimating, from the state information, the SOH with higher accuracy than the first estimating unit 24, and a charging schedule calculating unit 33 for calculating a charging schedule by using the SOH derived by the second estimating unit 31 and the most recent SOH derived by the first estimating unit 24. The frequency at which the SOH transmitting unit 25 transmits the SOH estimated by the first estimating unit 24 increases as the time elapses after the estimation of the SOH by the second estimating unit 31.

Description

蓄電池管理システムStorage battery management system
　本発明の実施形態は、蓄電池管理システムに関する。 An embodiment of the present invention relates to a storage battery management system.
　近年、電力の自由化や技術革新によって、点在する再生可能エネルギー発電や蓄電池などの設備と電力需要とを管理して、一つの発電所のように機能させるいわゆる仮想発電所（VPP：Virtual Power Plant）が注目されている。このＶＰＰにおいて、アグリゲータが複数の需要家の太陽光発電等の発電設備、蓄電池などのエネルギーリソースを統括管理、制御し、これらの発電設備、蓄電池により得られる電力量を束ねて送配電事業者や小売電気事業者などの事業者と電力取引を行う。 In recent years, due to the liberalization of electric power and technological innovation, so-called virtual power plants (VPP: Virtual Power) that manage the scattered facilities such as renewable energy power generation and storage batteries and the electric power demand to function as one power plant. Plant) is drawing attention. In this VPP, the aggregator centrally manages and controls power generation equipment such as solar power generation and energy resources such as storage batteries of multiple consumers, and bundles the amount of power obtained from these power generation equipment and storage batteries to the power transmission and distribution companies. Conduct electricity transactions with businesses such as retail electricity companies.
　このアグリゲータは、具体的には、リソースアグリゲータとアグリゲーションコーディネータとに大別される。リソースアグリゲータは、複数の需要家と直接、当該需要家が有するエネルギーリソースの制御に関する契約を結び、再生可能エネルギー発電設備の統合管理、蓄電池や空調などに対する遠隔制御、統合管理を行う事業者である。アグリゲーションコーディネータは、リソースアグリゲータが制御して得た電力量を束ね、送配電事業者や小売電気事業者と直接電力取引を行う事業者である。 Specifically, this aggregator is roughly divided into a resource aggregator and an aggregation coordinator. A resource aggregator is a business operator that directly concludes contracts with multiple consumers regarding the control of energy resources owned by the consumers, and performs integrated management of renewable energy power generation facilities, remote control of storage batteries, air conditioning, etc., and integrated management. .. The aggregation coordinator is a business operator that bundles the amount of electric power obtained under the control of the resource aggregator and directly trades electric power with a power transmission and distribution business operator or a retail electric power business operator.
特開２０１６－１７１６２０号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-171620
　上記のＶＰＰにおいて、蓄電池は電力需給の調整をする上で重要な役割を果たす設備であり、その使用態様も多種多様である。蓄電池は、使用により劣化することから、蓄電池の劣化状態も多種多様であり、単純に使用年数から蓄電池の劣化状態を把握することができない。そのため、蓄電池の状態が正確に把握できず、蓄電池の運用効率が悪化する場合があった。 In the above VPP, the storage battery is a facility that plays an important role in adjusting the supply and demand of electric power, and its usage mode is also diverse. Since the storage battery deteriorates due to use, the deteriorated state of the storage battery is also diverse, and it is not possible to simply grasp the deteriorated state of the storage battery from the number of years of use. Therefore, the state of the storage battery cannot be accurately grasped, and the operational efficiency of the storage battery may deteriorate.
　本発明の実施形態は、上記のような問題を解決するものであり、蓄電池の運用効率を向上させることのできる蓄電池管理システムを提供することを目的とする。 An embodiment of the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a storage battery management system capable of improving the operational efficiency of the storage battery.
　上記の目的を達成するために、本実施形態の蓄電池管理システムは、蓄電池と、前記蓄電池の充放電を制御する制御装置と、前記蓄電池の劣化状態であるＳＯＨを管理し、前記蓄電池の充電スケジュールを算定する管理装置と、を備え、前記制御装置は、前記蓄電池の状態情報を取得する状態情報取得部と、前記状態情報を前記管理装置に送信する状態情報送信部と、前記蓄電池のＳＯＨを推定する第１推定部と、前記第１推定部により推定したＳＯＨを前記管理装置に送信するＳＯＨ送信部と、を有し、前記管理装置は、前記状態情報から前記第１推定部よりも高い精度でＳＯＨを推定する第２推定部と、前記第２推定部により得たＳＯＨ又は前記第１推定部により得た最新のＳＯＨを用いて前記充電スケジュールを算定する充電スケジュール算定部と、を有し、前記ＳＯＨ送信部が前記第１推定部により推定されたＳＯＨを送信する頻度が、前記第２推定部によりＳＯＨを推定してから時間が経過するとともに増加することを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the storage battery management system of the present embodiment manages a storage battery, a control device for controlling charging / discharging of the storage battery, and SOH which is a deteriorated state of the storage battery, and a charging schedule of the storage battery. The control device includes a state information acquisition unit that acquires the state information of the storage battery, a state information transmission unit that transmits the state information to the management device, and a SOH of the storage battery. It has a first estimation unit for estimation and an SOH transmission unit for transmitting the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit to the management device, and the management device is higher than the first estimation unit from the state information. It has a second estimation unit that estimates SOH with accuracy, and a charging schedule calculation unit that calculates the charging schedule using the SOH obtained by the second estimation unit or the latest SOH obtained by the first estimation unit. However, the frequency with which the SOH transmitting unit transmits the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit increases as time elapses after the SOH is estimated by the second estimation unit.
実施形態に係る蓄電池管理システムの構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the storage battery management system which concerns on embodiment. 実施形態に係る蓄電池管理システムの機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram of the storage battery management system which concerns on embodiment. 実施形態に係る蓄電池管理システムのシーケンス図の一例である。It is an example of the sequence diagram of the storage battery management system which concerns on embodiment.
［実施形態］
　以下、本実施形態に係る蓄電池管理システムについて、図面を参照しつつ説明する。 [Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the storage battery management system according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
［構成］
　図１は、実施形態に係る蓄電池管理システムの構成を示す図である。図２は、実施形態に係る蓄電池管理システムの機能ブロック図である。 [Constitution]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a storage battery management system according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the storage battery management system according to the embodiment.
　図１に示すように、本実施形態に係る蓄電池管理システムは、蓄電池１、制御装置２、及び管理装置３を備え、制御装置２により蓄電池１の状態を監視及び制御し、管理装置３により蓄電池１の劣化状態を管理し、当該蓄電池１の運用計画を算定する。制御装置２と管理装置３とは、ネットワークＮを介して接続されており、各装置２、３が有する情報及び信号を互いに送受信可能に構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the storage battery management system according to the present embodiment includes a storage battery 1, a control device 2, and a management device 3, the control device 2 monitors and controls the state of the storage battery 1, and the management device 3 monitors and controls the state of the storage battery 1. The deterioration state of 1 is managed, and the operation plan of the storage battery 1 is calculated. The control device 2 and the management device 3 are connected to each other via a network N, and are configured to be capable of transmitting and receiving information and signals possessed by the devices 2 and 3 to and from each other.
　蓄電池１は、例えば、需要家が有するリチウムイオン電池などの二次電池である。蓄電池１は、例えば需要家の住宅に設けられ、系統電源、需要家の太陽光発電設備などの電源と、需要家の照明、空調などの負荷と接続されており、電源から電力供給を受けて充電し、蓄電した電力を負荷に供給する。 The storage battery 1 is, for example, a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery owned by a consumer. The storage battery 1 is installed in a consumer's house, for example, and is connected to a power source such as a grid power source and a consumer's solar power generation facility and a load such as a consumer's lighting and air conditioning, and receives power from the power source. It charges and supplies the stored power to the load.
　図２に示すように、制御装置２は、所謂バッテリーマネジメントユニット（ＢＭＵ）を含み構成され、蓄電池１の状態を監視し、充放電を制御する。具体的には、制御装置２は、状態情報取得部２１、状態情報送信部２２、充放電制御部２３、第１推定部２４、ＳＯＨ送信部２５、及び記憶部２６を有する。 As shown in FIG. 2, the control device 2 includes a so-called battery management unit (BMU), monitors the state of the storage battery 1, and controls charging / discharging. Specifically, the control device 2 includes a state information acquisition unit 21, a state information transmission unit 22, a charge / discharge control unit 23, a first estimation unit 24, a SOH transmission unit 25, and a storage unit 26.
　状態情報取得部２１は、蓄電池１の状態情報を取得する。例えば、蓄電池１には、電圧センサ、電流センサ、温度センサが設けられており、状態情報取得部２１は、これらのセンサにより測定された、各時刻における蓄電池１の電圧、電流、温度を取得する。状態情報は、例えば、蓄電池１の充電曲線、放電曲線、放電量である。蓄電池１は複数の単電池が直列または並列に接続されて構成されたものであり、状態情報取得部２１は蓄電池１の全体の電圧に加え、直列に接続された各単電池の電圧を取得してもよい。充電曲線は、横軸が充電量、縦軸が蓄電池１の電圧又は蓄電池１を構成する直列単位の電圧であり、状態情報取得部２１が、充電中に測定した蓄電池１の電圧、電流により求める。充電中の各時刻までの電流値を積算し求めた充電容量に対し蓄電池１の電圧をプロットすることで蓄電池１の充電曲線が得られる。放電曲線は、横軸が放電量、縦軸が蓄電池１の電圧又は蓄電池１を構成する直列単位の電圧であり、状態情報取得部２１が、放電中に測定した蓄電池１の電圧、電流により求める。放電中の各時刻までの電流値を積算し求めた放電容量に対し蓄電池１の電圧をプロットすることで蓄電池１の放電曲線が得られる。放電量は、蓄電池１が放電した量であり、放電中に測定した蓄電池１の電流値を積算することにより得ることができる。 The status information acquisition unit 21 acquires the status information of the storage battery 1. For example, the storage battery 1 is provided with a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor, and the state information acquisition unit 21 acquires the voltage, current, and temperature of the storage battery 1 at each time measured by these sensors. .. The state information is, for example, a charge curve, a discharge curve, and a discharge amount of the storage battery 1. The storage battery 1 is configured by connecting a plurality of cells in series or in parallel, and the status information acquisition unit 21 acquires the voltage of each cell connected in series in addition to the total voltage of the storage battery 1. You may. In the charging curve, the horizontal axis is the amount of charge, the vertical axis is the voltage of the storage battery 1 or the voltage of the series unit constituting the storage battery 1, and the state information acquisition unit 21 obtains the voltage and current of the storage battery 1 measured during charging. .. The charging curve of the storage battery 1 can be obtained by plotting the voltage of the storage battery 1 with respect to the charging capacity obtained by integrating the current values up to each time during charging. In the discharge curve, the horizontal axis is the amount of discharge, the vertical axis is the voltage of the storage battery 1 or the voltage in series units constituting the storage battery 1, and the state information acquisition unit 21 obtains the voltage and current of the storage battery 1 measured during discharge. .. The discharge curve of the storage battery 1 can be obtained by plotting the voltage of the storage battery 1 with respect to the discharge capacity obtained by integrating the current values up to each time during discharging. The discharge amount is the amount discharged by the storage battery 1, and can be obtained by integrating the current value of the storage battery 1 measured during the discharge.
　状態情報送信部２２は、状態情報取得部２１により取得した状態情報を、管理装置３に送信する。状態情報送信部２２は、ネットワークを介して有線又は無線により接続されている。状態情報送信部２２は、例えば、ＣＰＵ、ネットワークアダプタを含み構成される。 The status information transmission unit 22 transmits the status information acquired by the status information acquisition unit 21 to the management device 3. The state information transmission unit 22 is connected by wire or wirelessly via a network. The state information transmission unit 22 includes, for example, a CPU and a network adapter.
　充放電制御部２３は、例えばＣＰＵを含み構成され、蓄電池１の充放電を制御する。例えば、充放電制御部２３は、状態情報取得部２１により取得した状態情報を監視し、過電圧、急激な温度上昇が生じないように充放電を制御する。 The charge / discharge control unit 23 includes, for example, a CPU, and controls the charge / discharge of the storage battery 1. For example, the charge / discharge control unit 23 monitors the state information acquired by the state information acquisition unit 21 and controls charge / discharge so as not to cause an overvoltage or a sudden temperature rise.
　充放電制御部２３は、管理装置３から受信した後述の充電スケジュールに従って蓄電池１の充電を制御する。また、充放電制御部２３は、管理装置３が受信した後述の充電レートに従って蓄電池１の充電を制御しても良い。 The charge / discharge control unit 23 controls the charging of the storage battery 1 according to the charging schedule described later received from the management device 3. Further, the charge / discharge control unit 23 may control the charge of the storage battery 1 according to the charge rate described later received by the management device 3.
　第１推定部２４は、例えばＣＰＵを含み構成され、蓄電池１の劣化状態であるＳＯＨ（Ｓｔａｔｅｓ　ｏｆ　Ｈｅａｌｔｈ）を推定する。この推定方法は、管理装置３の後述する第２推定部３１による推定方法よりも簡易的かつ低精度でＳＯＨを推定する方法を用いることができ、例えば、過渡的差電圧法、放電微分曲線解析法、充放電履歴に基づく推定法、交流インピーダンス法、交流内部抵抗法、直流充放電測定法などを用いることができる。 The first estimation unit 24 is configured to include, for example, a CPU, and estimates SOH (States of Health), which is a deteriorated state of the storage battery 1. As this estimation method, a method of estimating SOH more simply and with lower accuracy than the estimation method by the second estimation unit 31 described later of the management device 3 can be used. For example, the transient difference voltage method and the discharge differential curve analysis can be used. A method, an estimation method based on charge / discharge history, an AC impedance method, an AC internal resistance method, a DC charge / discharge measurement method, or the like can be used.
　過渡的差電圧法は、充電上限電圧と放電開始後一定時間経過後の放電電圧との差分である差電圧を計測し、差電圧と電池容量および充放電効率との相関に基づき、充電容量、充放電効率を算出する。放電微分曲線解析法は、定電流での満充電時の放電曲線（電圧－放電量の曲線）の微分曲線（ｄＶ／ｄＱ曲線など）の形状から、電池内部の劣化状態を推定する。充放電履歴に基づく推定法は、蓄電池の環境条件と、充電、放電等の使用条件に関する網羅的なデータを蓄積し、電池の劣化状態を推定する。交流インピーダンス法は、蓄電池１に対して様々な周波数の交流電流を印加し、その応答電流の解析から、蓄電池１内部のインピーダンス特性を求め、電池内部の劣化状態を推定する。交流内部抵抗法は、交流インピーダンス法におけるＣｏｌｅ－Ｃｏｌｅプロット図上で、縦軸（インピーダンス虚数成分）がほぼ０になる１ｋＨｚの周波数におけるインピーダンス（横軸（インピーダンス実数成分））の値を測定し、蓄電池容量との相関から、容量を推定する。直流充放電測定法は、充放電を行い、直接電池容量を測定する。内部抵抗については、一定時間のパルス電流を流して、電圧変化を計測し、内部抵抗を算出する。 The transient difference voltage method measures the difference voltage, which is the difference between the upper limit voltage of charging and the discharge voltage after a certain period of time has passed since the start of discharge, and based on the correlation between the difference voltage and the battery capacity and charge / discharge efficiency, the charge capacity, Calculate the charge / discharge efficiency. The discharge differential curve analysis method estimates the deterioration state inside the battery from the shape of the differential curve (dV / dQ curve, etc.) of the discharge curve (voltage-discharge amount curve) when fully charged at a constant current. The estimation method based on the charge / discharge history accumulates comprehensive data on the environmental conditions of the storage battery and the usage conditions such as charging and discharging, and estimates the deterioration state of the battery. In the AC impedance method, alternating currents of various frequencies are applied to the storage battery 1, and the impedance characteristics inside the storage battery 1 are obtained from the analysis of the response currents, and the deterioration state inside the battery is estimated. In the AC internal resistance method, the value of the impedance (horizontal axis (impedance real number component)) at a frequency of 1 kHz at which the vertical axis (impedance imaginary component) becomes almost 0 is measured on the Core-Cole plot diagram in the AC impedance method. The capacity is estimated from the correlation with the storage battery capacity. In the DC charge / discharge measurement method, charging / discharging is performed and the battery capacity is directly measured. For the internal resistance, a pulse current for a certain period of time is passed, the voltage change is measured, and the internal resistance is calculated.
　また、第１推定部２４は、後述の第２推定部３１により推定されたＳＯＨを基準とすることもできる。つまり、制御装置２は、第１推定部２４により推定されるＳＯＨを、第２推定部３１により推定されたＳＯＨに置き換えることができる。 Further, the first estimation unit 24 can also use the SOH estimated by the second estimation unit 31, which will be described later, as a reference. That is, the control device 2 can replace the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit 24 with the SOH estimated by the second estimation unit 31.
　ＳＯＨ送信部２５は、第１推定部２４により推定したＳＯＨを管理装置３に送信する。このＳＯＨ送信部２５は、第１推定部２４により想定されたＳＯＨを送信する頻度を、第２推定部３１によりＳＯＨを推定してから時間が経過するとともに増加させるように送信する。換言すれば、第２推定部３１によるＳＯＨの推定周期に対して、ＳＯＨ送信部２５による送信周期を経時的に短くする。例えば、第２推定部３１による推定周期が６日である場合、ＳＯＨ送信部２５による送信周期を３日、２日、１日と順に短くする。なお、第１推定部２４によるＳＯＨの推定周期も経時的に短くし、例えば３日、２日、１日と順に短くする。ＳＯＨ送信部２５は、例えば、ＣＰＵ、ネットワークアダプタを含み構成される。 The SOH transmission unit 25 transmits the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit 24 to the management device 3. The SOH transmission unit 25 transmits so that the frequency of transmitting the SOH assumed by the first estimation unit 24 increases as time elapses after the SOH is estimated by the second estimation unit 31. In other words, the transmission cycle by the SOH transmission unit 25 is shortened with time with respect to the SOH estimation cycle by the second estimation unit 31. For example, when the estimation cycle by the second estimation unit 31 is 6 days, the transmission cycle by the SOH transmission unit 25 is shortened to 3 days, 2 days, and 1 day in order. The SOH estimation cycle by the first estimation unit 24 is also shortened with time, for example, 3 days, 2 days, and 1 day in order. The SOH transmission unit 25 includes, for example, a CPU and a network adapter.
　記憶部２６は、メモリ、ＨＤＤ、ＳＳＤなどの記録媒体である。記憶部２６は、演算に必要なプログラム、データベースを記憶しており、また、各種情報を記憶する。例えば、記憶部２６は、状態情報取得部２１により取得した状態情報を記憶する。また、管理装置３から受信した第２推定部３１により得た蓄電池１のＳＯＨ、及び、第１推定部２４により得た蓄電池１のＳＯＨを記憶する。 The storage unit 26 is a recording medium such as a memory, an HDD, or an SSD. The storage unit 26 stores programs and databases required for calculations, and also stores various types of information. For example, the storage unit 26 stores the state information acquired by the state information acquisition unit 21. Further, the SOH of the storage battery 1 obtained by the second estimation unit 31 received from the management device 3 and the SOH of the storage battery 1 obtained by the first estimation unit 24 are stored.
　管理装置３は、蓄電池１の劣化状態であるＳＯＨを管理し、当該蓄電池１の充電スケジュールを算定する。管理装置３は、例えば、ネットワークを介して制御装置２と接続されたサーバである。 The management device 3 manages the SOH, which is a deteriorated state of the storage battery 1, and calculates the charging schedule of the storage battery 1. The management device 3 is, for example, a server connected to the control device 2 via a network.
　管理装置３は、第２推定部３１、記憶部３２、充電スケジュール算定部３３、ＳＯＨ送信部３４、充電スケジュール送信部３５、及び状態情報送信指令部３６を有する。 The management device 3 has a second estimation unit 31, a storage unit 32, a charge schedule calculation unit 33, a SOH transmission unit 34, a charge schedule transmission unit 35, and a state information transmission command unit 36.
　第２推定部３１は、例えばＣＰＵを含み構成され、制御装置２から受信した状態情報から第１推定部２４よりも、高い精度でＳＯＨを推定する。具体的には、第２推定部３１は、解析部とＳＯＨ算出部とを有する。解析部は、蓄電池１の内部抵抗又は容量を算出する。解析部は、状態情報が充電曲線である場合、充電曲線解析法により、蓄電池１の内部抵抗又は容量を算出する。ＳＯＨ算出部は、解析部により算出した算出値と初期状態における蓄電池１の内部抵抗又は容量とから蓄電池１のＳＯＨを算出する。具体的には、ＳＯＨは、（現在の内部抵抗／初期状態の内部抵抗）×１００、又は、（現在の容量／初期状態の容量）×１００で定義される。なお、充電曲線解析法は、電圧、電流、時間などの充電曲線データから、電池内部の状態を示す各種パラメータを推定し、容量、内部抵抗など、電池の劣化進行を示す電池状態値を算出する手法である。第２推定部３１は、内部抵抗又は容量の他、ＳＯＨから充電レートを算出しても良い。なお、放電曲線からＳＯＨを推定する手法も、上記の充電曲線解析法と原理的には同様である。 The second estimation unit 31 includes, for example, a CPU, and estimates SOH with higher accuracy than the first estimation unit 24 from the state information received from the control device 2. Specifically, the second estimation unit 31 has an analysis unit and a SOH calculation unit. The analysis unit calculates the internal resistance or capacity of the storage battery 1. When the state information is a charge curve, the analysis unit calculates the internal resistance or capacity of the storage battery 1 by the charge curve analysis method. The SOH calculation unit calculates the SOH of the storage battery 1 from the calculated value calculated by the analysis unit and the internal resistance or capacity of the storage battery 1 in the initial state. Specifically, SOH is defined as (current internal resistance / initial state internal resistance) × 100 or (current capacity / initial state capacity) × 100. In the charge curve analysis method, various parameters indicating the internal state of the battery are estimated from the charge curve data such as voltage, current, and time, and the battery state values indicating the progress of deterioration of the battery such as capacity and internal resistance are calculated. It is a method. The second estimation unit 31 may calculate the charge rate from the SOH in addition to the internal resistance or capacitance. The method of estimating SOH from the discharge curve is basically the same as the above-mentioned charge curve analysis method.
　記憶部３２は、メモリ、ＨＤＤ、ＳＳＤなどの記録媒体である。記憶部３２は、演算に必要なプログラム、データベース、各種情報が記憶されている。例えば、記憶部３２には、第２推定部３１でＳＯＨの算出に用いられる蓄電池１の初期状態における内部抵抗及び容量が予め記憶されている。 The storage unit 32 is a recording medium such as a memory, an HDD, or an SSD. The storage unit 32 stores programs, databases, and various types of information necessary for calculation. For example, the storage unit 32 stores in advance the internal resistance and capacity of the storage battery 1 used in the second estimation unit 31 to calculate the SOH in the initial state.
　記憶部３２は、各種情報を記憶する。例えば、記憶部３２は、第１推定部２４及び第２推定部３１により得られたＳＯＨを記憶する。すなわち、記憶部３２に蓄電池１の最新のＳＯＨを記憶することを通じて管理装置３は蓄電池１のＳＯＨを管理する。例えば、記憶部３２は、第２推定部３１により推定されたＳＯＨを記憶するが、第１推定部２４により推定された最新のＳＯＨを得た場合に、更新により最新のＳＯＨに置き換えることができる。 The storage unit 32 stores various information. For example, the storage unit 32 stores the SOH obtained by the first estimation unit 24 and the second estimation unit 31. That is, the management device 3 manages the SOH of the storage battery 1 by storing the latest SOH of the storage battery 1 in the storage unit 32. For example, the storage unit 32 stores the SOH estimated by the second estimation unit 31, but when the latest SOH estimated by the first estimation unit 24 is obtained, it can be replaced with the latest SOH by updating. ..
　充電スケジュール算定部３３は、例えばＣＰＵを含み構成され、蓄電池１の最新のＳＯＨを、正しいものとして用いて、当該蓄電池１の充電スケジュールを算定する。充電スケジュール算定部３３は、更に充電レート、蓄電池１の使用履歴の何れか、電気料金の安い時間帯、高い時間帯又はこれらの何れか１つ以上を加味して充電スケジュールを算定しても良い。例えば、蓄電池１の負担を低減するために、充電スケジュール算定部３３は、充電量が空又は空に近い状態から蓄電するときは、低レートで充電し、所定の充電量になったら充電レートを上げる充電スケジュールを算定する。また、蓄電池１が劣化してきた（ＳＯＨが所定の閾値以下になった）場合には、低レートの充電スケジュールを算定する。 The charging schedule calculation unit 33 is configured to include, for example, a CPU, and uses the latest SOH of the storage battery 1 as the correct one to calculate the charging schedule of the storage battery 1. The charging schedule calculation unit 33 may further calculate the charging schedule by taking into consideration the charging rate, the usage history of the storage battery 1, the time zone in which the electricity charge is low, the time zone in which the electricity charge is high, or one or more of these. .. For example, in order to reduce the load on the storage battery 1, the charge schedule calculation unit 33 charges at a low rate when the charge amount is empty or close to empty, and sets the charge rate when the charge amount reaches a predetermined charge amount. Calculate the charging schedule to be raised. Further, when the storage battery 1 has deteriorated (SOH becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined threshold value), a low-rate charging schedule is calculated.
　ＳＯＨ送信部３４は、第２推定部３１により推定したＳＯＨを制御装置２に送信する。充電スケジュール送信部３５は、充電スケジュール算定部３３により算定した充電スケジュールを制御装置２に送信する。充電スケジュール送信部３５は、充電スケジュールだけでなく、第２推定部３１により得た充電レートも併せて送信しても良い。ＳＯＨ送信部３４及び充電スケジュール送信部３５は、例えばＣＰＵ、ネットワークアダプタを含み構成される。 The SOH transmission unit 34 transmits the SOH estimated by the second estimation unit 31 to the control device 2. The charge schedule transmission unit 35 transmits the charge schedule calculated by the charge schedule calculation unit 33 to the control device 2. The charging schedule transmission unit 35 may transmit not only the charging schedule but also the charging rate obtained by the second estimation unit 31. The SOH transmission unit 34 and the charging schedule transmission unit 35 include, for example, a CPU and a network adapter.
　状態情報送信指令部３６は、例えばＣＰＵ、ネットワークアダプタを含み構成され、制御装置２を制御する制御信号を生成し、当該制御装置２に当該制御信号を送信する。この制御信号は、制御装置２に蓄電池１の状態情報を取得し送信させる信号である。具体的には、この制御信号は、状態情報取得部２１に蓄電池１の状態情報を取得させ、取得した状態情報を状態情報送信部２２に管理装置３へ送信させる。ここで、状態情報は、例えば、蓄電池１の充電曲線、放電量、充電量の履歴、電池残量の履歴である。 The state information transmission command unit 36 includes, for example, a CPU and a network adapter, generates a control signal for controlling the control device 2, and transmits the control signal to the control device 2. This control signal is a signal that causes the control device 2 to acquire and transmit the state information of the storage battery 1. Specifically, this control signal causes the state information acquisition unit 21 to acquire the state information of the storage battery 1, and causes the state information transmission unit 22 to transmit the acquired state information to the management device 3. Here, the state information is, for example, the charge curve of the storage battery 1, the discharge amount, the charge amount history, and the battery remaining amount history.
　例えば、状態情報送信指令部３６は、管理装置３が蓄電池１の充電曲線を得るために、蓄電池１の電池残量の所定期間の履歴を制御装置２に送信させる。この所定期間は、蓄電池１の初期状態からの期間であっても良いし、直近の一定期間であっても良い。電池残量が極小値となる周期的なパターンが含まれる期間であることが好ましい。 For example, the state information transmission command unit 36 causes the management device 3 to transmit the history of the remaining battery level of the storage battery 1 to the control device 2 in order to obtain the charging curve of the storage battery 1. This predetermined period may be a period from the initial state of the storage battery 1 or may be the latest fixed period. It is preferable that the period includes a periodic pattern in which the remaining battery level becomes the minimum value.
　状態情報送信指令部３６は、得られた電池残量の履歴から所定期間（例えば１日）において最も電池残量が少ない時間帯から次に最も電池残量が少なくなる時間帯を推定し、当該時間帯に制御信号を生成及び送信する。好ましくは、状態情報送信指令部３６は、電池残量の履歴から蓄電池１の電池残量が次に空又は空に近い状態になる日時を予測し、当該日時から測定を開始した充電曲線が得られるように、制御信号を生成及び送信する。例えば、状態情報送信指令部３６は、受信した電池残量の履歴から、電池残量が周期的に極小値となるパターンを特定し、当該パターンから次回電池残量が極小値となる日時を予測する。蓄電池１が需要家の住宅に設置された電池である場合、状態情報送信指令部３６は、需要家の生活サイクルにより蓄電池１の電池残量に周期的なパターンを認識することができる。 The state information transmission command unit 36 estimates from the obtained history of the remaining battery level from the time zone in which the remaining battery level is the lowest in a predetermined period (for example, one day) to the time zone in which the remaining battery level is the next lowest. Generates and transmits control signals during the time period. Preferably, the state information transmission command unit 36 predicts the date and time when the remaining battery level of the storage battery 1 becomes empty or near empty from the history of the remaining battery level, and obtains a charging curve in which measurement is started from that date and time. The control signal is generated and transmitted so as to be. For example, the status information transmission command unit 36 identifies a pattern in which the remaining battery level periodically becomes the minimum value from the history of the remaining battery level received, and predicts the date and time when the next remaining battery level becomes the minimum value from the pattern. To do. When the storage battery 1 is a battery installed in a consumer's house, the state information transmission command unit 36 can recognize a periodic pattern of the remaining battery level of the storage battery 1 according to the life cycle of the consumer.
　また、状態情報送信指令部３６は、蓄電池１の放電量が第１の閾値よりも大きい場合に、状態情報として蓄電池１の充電曲線を状態情報取得部２１に取得させる制御信号を生成し、制御装置２に送信するようにしても良い。状態情報送信指令部３６は、蓄電池１の放電量が第１の閾値より小さい第２の閾値より小さい場合には、制御信号を制御装置２に送信しないようにしても良い。第１の閾値は、例えば、蓄電池１の放電により劣化が進行していると推定される放電量とする。第２の閾値は、例えば、蓄電池１の劣化の進行が大幅に進行していないと推定される放電量とする。 Further, the state information transmission command unit 36 generates and controls a control signal for causing the state information acquisition unit 21 to acquire the charge curve of the storage battery 1 as state information when the discharge amount of the storage battery 1 is larger than the first threshold value. It may be transmitted to the device 2. The state information transmission command unit 36 may not transmit the control signal to the control device 2 when the discharge amount of the storage battery 1 is smaller than the second threshold value smaller than the first threshold value. The first threshold value is, for example, the amount of discharge estimated to be deteriorated due to the discharge of the storage battery 1. The second threshold value is, for example, the amount of discharge estimated that the deterioration of the storage battery 1 has not progressed significantly.
［動作］
　実施形態に係る蓄電池管理システムの動作を、図３を用いて説明する。図３は、実施形態に係る蓄電池管理システムのシーケンス図の一例である。 [motion]
The operation of the storage battery management system according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is an example of a sequence diagram of the storage battery management system according to the embodiment.
　図３に示すように、まず、管理装置３は、状態情報送信指令部３６により、制御装置２に状態情報の取得及び送信をさせる制御信号を制御装置２に送信する（ステップＳ０１）。この状態情報には、蓄電池１の充電曲線、使用履歴（充電量、放電量、電池残量の履歴）が含まれる。 As shown in FIG. 3, first, the management device 3 transmits a control signal for causing the control device 2 to acquire and transmit the state information to the control device 2 by the state information transmission command unit 36 (step S01). This state information includes the charge curve of the storage battery 1 and the usage history (history of charge amount, discharge amount, battery remaining amount).
　制御装置２は、当該制御信号を受信すると、状態情報取得部２１により、充電曲線及び使用履歴を含む状態情報を取得し（ステップＳ０２）、取得した状態情報を状態情報送信部２２により管理装置３に送信する（ステップＳ０３）。 When the control device 2 receives the control signal, the state information acquisition unit 21 acquires the state information including the charging curve and the usage history (step S02), and the state information transmission unit 22 acquires the acquired state information in the management device 3. (Step S03).
　管理装置３は、受信した状態情報から蓄電池１のＳＯＨを算出する（ステップＳ０４）。具体的には、第２推定部３１は、解析部によって充電曲線から例えば充電曲線解析法により、蓄電池１の内部抵抗又は容量を算出し、算出された内部抵抗又は容量と、記憶部３２に記憶された蓄電池１の初期状態における内部抵抗又は容量とからＳＯＨ算出部により現在のＳＯＨを算出する。この算出されたＳＯＨは、記憶部３２に記憶される。換言すると、記憶部３２に記憶された蓄電池１のＳＯＨが更新される。 The management device 3 calculates the SOH of the storage battery 1 from the received status information (step S04). Specifically, the second estimation unit 31 calculates the internal resistance or capacity of the storage battery 1 from the charging curve by the analysis unit, for example, by the charging curve analysis method, and stores the calculated internal resistance or capacity in the storage unit 32. The current SOH is calculated by the SOH calculation unit from the internal resistance or capacity of the storage battery 1 in the initial state. The calculated SOH is stored in the storage unit 32. In other words, the SOH of the storage battery 1 stored in the storage unit 32 is updated.
　また、充電スケジュール算定部３３により、蓄電池１の最新のＳＯＨを用いて蓄電池１の充電スケジュールを算定する（ステップＳ０５）。ここでの最新のＳＯＨとは、ステップＳ０４で第２推定部３１により得たＳＯＨである。充電スケジュールの算定は、一定期間まとめて行っても良いし、例えば１日毎など短期間毎に行っても良い。 Further, the charging schedule calculation unit 33 calculates the charging schedule of the storage battery 1 using the latest SOH of the storage battery 1 (step S05). The latest SOH here is the SOH obtained by the second estimation unit 31 in step S04. The charging schedule may be calculated collectively for a certain period of time, or may be calculated for a short period of time such as every day.
　さらに、管理装置３は、状態情報送信指令部３６により、受信した蓄電池１の使用履歴から、次回の充電曲線、使用履歴を含む状態情報を取得する日時を決定する（ステップＳ０６）。例えば、状態情報送信指令部３６は、蓄電池１の使用履歴から、電池残量が周期的に極小値となる日時を特定し、極小値間の周期と最新の極小値となる日とから次回の極小値となる日時を特定し、当該日時を状態情報を取得する日時とする。 Further, the management device 3 determines the date and time for acquiring the next charging curve and the status information including the usage history from the received usage history of the storage battery 1 by the status information transmission command unit 36 (step S06). For example, the state information transmission command unit 36 specifies the date and time when the remaining battery level periodically reaches the minimum value from the usage history of the storage battery 1, and the next time from the cycle between the minimum values and the day when the latest minimum value is reached. The date and time when the minimum value is specified is specified, and the date and time is set as the date and time when the state information is acquired.
　次に、管理装置３は、ＳＯＨ送信部３４により、第２推定部３１により得たＳＯＨを制御装置２に送信し、充電スケジュール送信部３５により、充電スケジュール算定部３３により得た充電スケジュールを制御装置２に送信する（ステップＳ０７）。 Next, the management device 3 transmits the SOH obtained by the second estimation unit 31 to the control device 2 by the SOH transmission unit 34, and controls the charge schedule obtained by the charge schedule calculation unit 33 by the charge schedule transmission unit 35. It is transmitted to the device 2 (step S07).
　制御装置２は、管理装置３からＳＯＨ及び充電スケジュールを受信すると、当該ＳＯＨを記憶部２６に記憶し（ステップＳ０８）、当該充電スケジュールに従って充放電制御部２３により蓄電池１を充電する（ステップＳ０９）。 When the control device 2 receives the SOH and the charging schedule from the management device 3, the control device 2 stores the SOH in the storage unit 26 (step S08), and the charge / discharge control unit 23 charges the storage battery 1 according to the charging schedule (step S09). ..
　一方、制御装置２は、第１推定部２４により、蓄電池１のＳＯＨを算出し（ステップＳ１０）、算出したＳＯＨを記憶部２６に記憶する（ステップＳ１１）とともにＳＯＨ送信部２５により管理装置３に送信する（ステップＳ１２）。この算出、記憶、送信は、時間が経過するにつれて頻度を高くする。換言すれば、管理装置３から状態情報の取得及び送信を指令する制御信号の受信間隔に対して、次に制御信号を受信する日時が近づくにつれて、第１推定部２４、ＳＯＨ送信部２５、記憶部２６によるＳＯＨの算出、記憶、送信の周期を短くする。例えば、制御信号の受信間隔が７日であるとすると、第１推定部２４、ＳＯＨ送信部２５、記憶部２６は、３日に１回ＳＯＨの算出、記憶、送信を行い、次に２日に１回ＳＯＨの算出、記憶、送信を行い、さらに１日に１回ＳＯＨの算出、記憶、送信を行う。 On the other hand, the control device 2 calculates the SOH of the storage battery 1 by the first estimation unit 24 (step S10), stores the calculated SOH in the storage unit 26 (step S11), and stores the calculated SOH in the management device 3 by the SOH transmission unit 25. Transmit (step S12). This calculation, storage, and transmission increase in frequency over time. In other words, as the date and time when the control signal is received next approaches the reception interval of the control signal instructing the acquisition and transmission of the state information from the management device 3, the first estimation unit 24, the SOH transmission unit 25, and the storage The cycle of SOH calculation, storage, and transmission by unit 26 is shortened. For example, assuming that the reception interval of the control signal is 7 days, the first estimation unit 24, the SOH transmission unit 25, and the storage unit 26 calculate, store, and transmit the SOH once every three days, and then two days. SOH is calculated, stored, and transmitted once a day, and SOH is calculated, stored, and transmitted once a day.
　管理装置３は、制御装置２から第１推定部２４によるＳＯＨを受信すると、その度に記憶部３２に記憶する（ステップＳ１３）。すなわち、管理装置３は、蓄電池１のＳＯＨを受信した最新の当該ＳＯＨに更新する。例えば、第１推定部２４で得たＳＯＨを最初に記憶する場合は、記憶部３２には第２推定部３１により得たＳＯＨが記憶されており、このＳＯＨを第１推定部２４により得たＳＯＨに更新する。 When the management device 3 receives the SOH from the control device 2 by the first estimation unit 24, the management device 3 stores the SOH in the storage unit 32 each time (step S13). That is, the management device 3 updates the SOH of the storage battery 1 with the latest SOH received. For example, when the SOH obtained by the first estimation unit 24 is first stored, the SOH obtained by the second estimation unit 31 is stored in the storage unit 32, and this SOH is obtained by the first estimation unit 24. Update to SOH.
　そして、最新のＳＯＨを用いて充電スケジュール算定部３３により充電スケジュールを算定し（ステップＳ１４）、当該充電スケジュールを充電スケジュール送信部３５により制御装置２に送信する（ステップＳ１５）。 Then, the charging schedule calculation unit 33 calculates the charging schedule using the latest SOH (step S14), and the charging schedule transmitting unit 35 transmits the charging schedule to the control device 2 (step S15).
　以上のように、次に制御信号を送信する日時まで、徐々に頻度を高くして第１推定部２４、ＳＯＨ送信部２５によるＳＯＨの算出、送信を繰り返し、充電スケジュール算定部３３による充電スケジュールの算定及び送信を繰り返す。そして、次に制御信号を送信する日時になると、管理装置３は、状態情報送信指令部３６により制御信号を制御装置２に送信し、ステップＳ０２～Ｓ１５を繰り返す。蓄電池管理システムによる蓄電池１の管理が不要になったら、又は、メンテナンスを要したら、システムの動作を終了する。 As described above, until the next date and time when the control signal is transmitted, the frequency is gradually increased, the SOH calculation and transmission by the first estimation unit 24 and the SOH transmission unit 25 are repeated, and the charging schedule by the charging schedule calculation unit 33 is set. Repeat calculation and transmission. Then, at the next date and time when the control signal is transmitted, the management device 3 transmits the control signal to the control device 2 by the state information transmission command unit 36, and steps S02 to S15 are repeated. When the management of the storage battery 1 by the storage battery management system becomes unnecessary or maintenance is required, the operation of the system is terminated.
［作用・効果］
（１）本実施形態の蓄電池管理システムは、蓄電池１と、蓄電池１の充放電を制御する制御装置２と、蓄電池１の劣化状態であるＳＯＨを管理し、蓄電池１の充電スケジュールを算定する管理装置３と、を備え、制御装置２は、蓄電池１の状態情報を取得する状態情報取得部２１と、状態情報を管理装置３に送信する状態情報送信部２２と、蓄電池１のＳＯＨを推定する第１推定部２４と、第１推定部２４により推定したＳＯＨを管理装置３に送信するＳＯＨ送信部２５と、を有し、管理装置３は、状態情報から第１推定部２４よりも高い精度でＳＯＨを推定する第２推定部３１と、第２推定部３１により得たＳＯＨ又は第１推定部２４により得た最新のＳＯＨを用いて充電スケジュールを算定する充電スケジュール算定部３３と、を有し、ＳＯＨ送信部２５が第１推定部２４により推定されたＳＯＨを送信する頻度が、第２推定部３１によりＳＯＨを推定してから時間が経過するとともに増加するようにした。 [Action / Effect]
(1) The storage battery management system of the present embodiment manages the storage battery 1, the control device 2 that controls the charging / discharging of the storage battery 1, and the SOH that is the deteriorated state of the storage battery 1, and manages to calculate the charging schedule of the storage battery 1. A device 3 is provided, and the control device 2 estimates the state information acquisition unit 21 for acquiring the state information of the storage battery 1, the state information transmission unit 22 for transmitting the state information to the management device 3, and the SOH of the storage battery 1. It has a first estimation unit 24 and an SOH transmission unit 25 that transmits the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit 24 to the management device 3, and the management device 3 has higher accuracy than the first estimation unit 24 from the state information. It has a second estimation unit 31 that estimates SOH, and a charging schedule calculation unit 33 that calculates a charging schedule using the SOH obtained by the second estimation unit 31 or the latest SOH obtained by the first estimation unit 24. Then, the frequency at which the SOH transmission unit 25 transmits the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit 24 is increased as time elapses after the SOH is estimated by the second estimation unit 31.
　これにより、蓄電池１の正確な劣化状態を把握し、当該劣化状態を加味して充電スケジュールを算定することができ、蓄電池１の運用効率を向上させることができる。 As a result, the accurate deterioration state of the storage battery 1 can be grasped, the charging schedule can be calculated in consideration of the deterioration state, and the operational efficiency of the storage battery 1 can be improved.
　例えば、本蓄電管理システムが、仮想発電所（ＶＰＰ）に適用される場合、管理装置３は、リソースアグリゲータが有するサーバである。リソースアグリゲータは、需要家とエネルギーリソースの制御に関する契約を結び、再生可能エネルギー発電設備の統合管理、蓄電池や空調などに対する遠隔制御、統合管理を行う。 For example, when this power storage management system is applied to a virtual power plant (VPP), the management device 3 is a server owned by a resource aggregator. The resource aggregator concludes a contract with the consumer regarding the control of energy resources, and performs integrated management of renewable energy power generation equipment, remote control of storage batteries and air conditioning, and integrated management.
　ここで、リソースアグリゲータが蓄電池１の劣化状態を正確に把握できないと、蓄電池１の運用効率が悪化し、リソースアグリゲータが需要家や、送配電事業者、小売電気事業者などの事業者へのサービスが低下する虞がある。 Here, if the resource aggregator cannot accurately grasp the deterioration state of the storage battery 1, the operational efficiency of the storage battery 1 deteriorates, and the resource aggregator provides services to consumers, power transmission and distribution business operators, retail electric power companies, and the like. May decrease.
　そこで、本実施形態では、管理装置３が、推定精度が高い推定方法を採用した第２推定部３１のＳＯＨと、推定精度が低いものの簡易的に推定できる方法を採用した第１推定部２４のＳＯＨとを組み合わせるとともに、ＳＯＨ送信部２５が第１推定部２４により推定されたＳＯＨを送信する頻度が、第２推定部３１によりＳＯＨを推定してから時間が経過するとともに増加するようにした。 Therefore, in the present embodiment, the management device 3 uses the SOH of the second estimation unit 31 that employs an estimation method with high estimation accuracy, and the first estimation unit 24 that employs a method that can easily estimate although the estimation accuracy is low. In combination with SOH, the frequency with which the SOH transmitting unit 25 transmits the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit 24 is increased as time elapses after the SOH is estimated by the second estimation unit 31.
　これにより、第２推定部３１によるＳＯＨの推定の後、蓄電池１の使用により劣化状態が変化しても、第１推定部２４の推定周期を徐々に短くするので、蓄電池１の最新のＳＯＨを得ることができる。例えば、第２推定部３１により得たＳＯＨだけで充電スケジュールを算定しようとしても、状態情報の取得など第２推定部３１によって次にＳＯＨを推定するまでに時間を要し、その間に蓄電池１が使用により劣化が進行する。そうすると、充電スケジュールを算定するために管理装置３で管理しているＳＯＨと、実際の蓄電池１のＳＯＨとが乖離し、蓄電池１の運用効率が低下した充電スケジュールが算定される場合がある。そこで、本実施形態では、第２推定部３１の推定方法が簡易的でなかったとしても、時間の経過とともに、第１推定部２４の推定周期及びＳＯＨ送信部２５によるＳＯＨの送信周期を徐々に短くしているので、蓄電池１のより正確な劣化状態を管理装置３が把握することができる。そのため、より正確な劣化状態を加味して充電スケジュールを算定することで蓄電池１の運用効率を向上させることができる。その結果、リソースアグリゲータが提供するサービスの質を向上させることができる。 As a result, even if the deterioration state changes due to the use of the storage battery 1 after the SOH is estimated by the second estimation unit 31, the estimation cycle of the first estimation unit 24 is gradually shortened, so that the latest SOH of the storage battery 1 can be used. Obtainable. For example, even if an attempt is made to calculate the charging schedule using only the SOH obtained by the second estimation unit 31, it takes time for the second estimation unit 31 to next estimate the SOH, such as acquisition of state information, and the storage battery 1 is in the meantime. Deterioration progresses with use. Then, the SOH managed by the management device 3 for calculating the charging schedule and the SOH of the actual storage battery 1 may deviate from each other, and the charging schedule in which the operating efficiency of the storage battery 1 is lowered may be calculated. Therefore, in the present embodiment, even if the estimation method of the second estimation unit 31 is not simple, the estimation cycle of the first estimation unit 24 and the SOH transmission cycle by the SOH transmission unit 25 gradually change with the passage of time. Since it is shortened, the management device 3 can grasp the more accurate deterioration state of the storage battery 1. Therefore, the operational efficiency of the storage battery 1 can be improved by calculating the charging schedule in consideration of a more accurate deterioration state. As a result, the quality of services provided by the resource aggregator can be improved.
（２）状態情報は、蓄電池１の充電曲線であり、第２推定部３１は、充電曲線から充電曲線解析法によりＳＯＨを推定するようにした。これにより、管理装置３において、蓄電池１のＳＯＨを高精度に推定することができ、蓄電池１の状態に合った充電スケジュールを算定することができる。 (2) The state information is the charge curve of the storage battery 1, and the second estimation unit 31 estimates the SOH from the charge curve by the charge curve analysis method. As a result, the management device 3 can estimate the SOH of the storage battery 1 with high accuracy, and can calculate the charging schedule suitable for the state of the storage battery 1.
（３）管理装置３は、第２推定部３１により推定したＳＯＨを制御装置２に送信するＳＯＨ送信部２５を有し、制御装置２は、第１推定部２４が、管理装置３のＳＯＨ送信部２５から受信したＳＯＨを基準として蓄電池１のＳＯＨを推定するようにした。これにより、制御装置２で推定するＳＯＨの推定精度を高めることができる。 (3) The management device 3 has an SOH transmission unit 25 that transmits the SOH estimated by the second estimation unit 31 to the control device 2. In the control device 2, the first estimation unit 24 transmits the SOH of the management device 3. The SOH of the storage battery 1 is estimated based on the SOH received from the unit 25. As a result, the estimation accuracy of the SOH estimated by the control device 2 can be improved.
（４）充電スケジュール算定部３３は、第２推定部３１により推定されたＳＯＨと充電レートとから蓄電池１の充電スケジュールを算定するようにした。これにより、蓄電池１への負担を軽減することができる。例えば、充電スケジュール算定部３３は、充電量が空又は空に近い状態から蓄電するときは、低レートで充電し、所定の充電量になったら充電レートを上げる充電スケジュールを算定することで、蓄電池１の寿命を延ばすことができる。また、充電スケジュール算定部３３は、充電レートだけでなく、電気料金も加味しても良い。電気料金が安い時間帯に蓄電池１を充電し、電気料金が高い時間帯に蓄電池１を放電することで、蓄電池１の寿命を延ばすとともに、需要家が支払う電気代を安くすることができる。 (4) The charging schedule calculation unit 33 calculates the charging schedule of the storage battery 1 from the SOH estimated by the second estimation unit 31 and the charging rate. Thereby, the burden on the storage battery 1 can be reduced. For example, the charge schedule calculation unit 33 calculates a charging schedule that charges at a low rate when the charge amount is empty or close to empty, and raises the charge rate when the charge amount reaches a predetermined charge amount. The life of 1 can be extended. Further, the charging schedule calculation unit 33 may consider not only the charging rate but also the electricity charge. By charging the storage battery 1 during a time when the electricity charge is low and discharging the storage battery 1 during a time when the electricity charge is high, the life of the storage battery 1 can be extended and the electricity bill paid by the consumer can be reduced.
（５）蓄電池１の状態情報は、蓄電池１の放電量を含み、管理装置３は、制御装置２を制御する制御信号を生成する状態情報送信指令部３６を有し、状態情報送信指令部３６は、放電量が第１の閾値よりも大きい場合に、状態情報として蓄電池１の充電曲線を状態情報取得部２１に取得させる制御信号を、制御装置２に送信し、制御装置２は、制御信号を受信した状態情報取得部２１により充電曲線を取得し、当該取得した充電曲線を状態情報送信部２２により管理装置３に送信するようにした。 (5) The state information of the storage battery 1 includes the discharge amount of the storage battery 1, and the management device 3 has a state information transmission command unit 36 that generates a control signal for controlling the control device 2, and the state information transmission command unit 36. Sends a control signal to the control device 2 to acquire the charge curve of the storage battery 1 as the state information in the state information acquisition unit 21 when the discharge amount is larger than the first threshold value, and the control device 2 sends the control signal. The charge curve is acquired by the state information acquisition unit 21 that has received the above, and the acquired charge curve is transmitted to the management device 3 by the state information transmission unit 22.
　これにより、管理装置３が蓄電池１の劣化状態を正確に把握することができる。すなわち、蓄電池１の放電量が第１の閾値より大きい場合、蓄電池１の劣化が進行していると推定されるので、ＳＯＨの値に変更が生じていると考えられるからであり、この場合に管理装置３が充電曲線を受信することで、蓄電池１の正確なＳＯＨの把握に繋げることができる。 As a result, the management device 3 can accurately grasp the deteriorated state of the storage battery 1. That is, when the discharge amount of the storage battery 1 is larger than the first threshold value, it is estimated that the deterioration of the storage battery 1 is progressing, and it is considered that the SOH value has changed. In this case, When the management device 3 receives the charge curve, it is possible to accurately grasp the SOH of the storage battery 1.
（６）状態情報送信指令部３６は、蓄電池１の放電量が第１の閾値よりも大きい場合に、状態情報として蓄電池１の充電曲線を状態情報取得部２１に取得させる制御信号を生成し、制御装置２に送信する。状態情報送信指令部３６は、蓄電池１の放電量が第１の閾値より小さい第２の閾値より小さい場合には、制御信号を制御装置２に送信しないようにした。 (6) The state information transmission command unit 36 generates a control signal for causing the state information acquisition unit 21 to acquire the charge curve of the storage battery 1 as state information when the discharge amount of the storage battery 1 is larger than the first threshold value. It is transmitted to the control device 2. The state information transmission command unit 36 does not transmit the control signal to the control device 2 when the discharge amount of the storage battery 1 is smaller than the second threshold value smaller than the first threshold value.
　これにより、制御装置２の管理装置３への状態情報の通信量を抑えることができる。すなわち、蓄電池１の放電量が、第１の閾値より小さな第２の閾値より小さい場合は、蓄電池１があまり使用されていない状態であるので、劣化の進行が、前回第２推定部３１により充電曲線からＳＯＨを推定した時点からあまり進んでいないと推定される。そのため、管理装置３がＳＯＨを管理する必要性が薄く、管理装置３による制御装置２への充電曲線の取得及び送信の指令を見送る。その結果、制御装置２の管理装置３への状態情報の通信量を抑えることができる。 As a result, the amount of communication of state information to the management device 3 of the control device 2 can be suppressed. That is, when the discharge amount of the storage battery 1 is smaller than the second threshold value smaller than the first threshold value, the storage battery 1 is in a state of not being used so much, and the progress of deterioration is charged by the second estimation unit 31 last time. It is estimated that it has not progressed much since the time when SOH was estimated from the curve. Therefore, there is little need for the management device 3 to manage the SOH, and the command for the management device 3 to acquire and transmit the charging curve to the control device 2 is forgotten. As a result, the amount of communication of state information to the management device 3 of the control device 2 can be suppressed.
［他の実施形態］
　本明細書においては、本発明に係る実施形態を説明したが、上記実施形態は例として提示したものであって、発明の範囲を限定することを意図していない。以上のような実施形態は、その他の様々な形態で実施されることが可能であり、発明の範囲を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の省略や置き換え、変更を行うことができる。上記実施形態やその変形は、発明の範囲や要旨に含まれると同様に、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明とその均等の範囲に含まれるものである。 [Other Embodiments]
Although the embodiments according to the present invention have been described in the present specification, the above-described embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The above-described embodiment can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. The above-described embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, as well as in the scope of the invention described in the claims and the equivalent scope thereof.
（１）上記実施形態では、管理装置３は、リソースアグリゲータの機能を実行するサーバとして例示したが、管理装置３は、ホームエネルギーマネジメントシステム（ＨＥＭＳ）に含まれていても良い。また、ＨＥＭＳが蓄電池１の状態情報を取得し、管理装置３に送信するようにしても良い。すなわち、制御装置２又はその機能がＨＥＭＳの構成に含まれていても良い。 (1) In the above embodiment, the management device 3 is exemplified as a server that executes the function of the resource aggregator, but the management device 3 may be included in the home energy management system (HEMS). Further, the HEMS may acquire the state information of the storage battery 1 and transmit it to the management device 3. That is, the control device 2 or its function may be included in the configuration of the HEMS.
（２）上記実施形態では、蓄電池１のＳＯＨの推定は、管理装置３の第２推定部３１だけでなく、制御装置２の第１推定部２４でも行ったが、必ずしも第１推定部２４による推定はなくても良い。第１推定部２４によるＳＯＨの推定及び送信をしない場合、第２推定部３１によるＳＯＨの推定を繰り返しても良い。この場合、制御装置２による状態情報の取得及び送信の周期を蓄電池１の劣化進行に合わせて（例えば時間の経過に合わせて）徐々に短くし、第２推定部３１による推定周期も徐々に短くするようにしても良い。 (2) In the above embodiment, the SOH of the storage battery 1 is estimated not only by the second estimation unit 31 of the management device 3 but also by the first estimation unit 24 of the control device 2, but it is not necessarily performed by the first estimation unit 24. No estimation is required. When the first estimation unit 24 does not estimate and transmit the SOH, the second estimation unit 31 may repeat the estimation of the SOH. In this case, the cycle of acquiring and transmitting the state information by the control device 2 is gradually shortened according to the deterioration progress of the storage battery 1 (for example, according to the passage of time), and the estimation cycle by the second estimation unit 31 is also gradually shortened. You may try to do it.
（３）上記のように、第２推定部３１による推定周期を徐々に短くするとともに、第１推定部２４による推定周期及び第１推定部２４により得たＳＯＨの送信周期も徐々に短くしても良い。 (3) As described above, the estimation cycle by the second estimation unit 31 is gradually shortened, and the estimation cycle by the first estimation unit 24 and the transmission cycle of SOH obtained by the first estimation unit 24 are also gradually shortened. Is also good.
（４）上記実施形態では、管理装置３が、状態情報を充電曲線として第２推定部３１によりＳＯＨを推定したが、状態情報を放電曲線として第２推定部３１によりＳＯＨを推定しても良い。また、充電曲線及び放電曲線の両方を制御装置２に取得させ、第２推定部３１により両方の曲線からＳＯＨを推定するようにしても良い。 (4) In the above embodiment, the management device 3 estimates the SOH by the second estimation unit 31 using the state information as the charge curve, but the SOH may be estimated by the second estimation unit 31 using the state information as the discharge curve. .. Further, both the charge curve and the discharge curve may be acquired by the control device 2, and the SOH may be estimated from both curves by the second estimation unit 31.
１　　　　　　　蓄電池
２　　　　　　　制御装置
２１　　　　　　状態情報取得部
２２　　　　　　状態情報送信部
２３　　　　　　充放電制御部
２４　　　　　　第１推定部
２５　　　　　　ＳＯＨ送信部
２６　　　　　　記憶部
３　　　　　　　管理装置
３１　　　　　　第２推定部
３２　　　　　　記憶部
３３　　　　　　充電スケジュール算定部
３４　　　　　　ＳＯＨ送信部
３５　　　　　　充電スケジュール送信部
３６　　　　　　状態情報送信指令部 1 Storage battery 2 Control device 21 Status information acquisition unit 22 Status information transmission unit 23 Charging / discharging control unit 24 1st estimation unit 25 SOH transmission unit 26 Storage unit 3 Management device 31 2nd estimation unit 32 Storage unit 33 Charging schedule calculation unit 34 SOH Transmission unit 35 Charging schedule transmission unit 36 Status information transmission command unit

Claims (6)

  1. 　蓄電池と、
    　前記蓄電池の充放電を制御する制御装置と、
    　前記蓄電池の劣化状態であるＳＯＨを管理し、前記蓄電池の充電スケジュールを算定する管理装置と、
    　を備え、
    　前記制御装置は、
    　前記蓄電池の状態情報を取得する状態情報取得部と、
    　前記状態情報を前記管理装置に送信する状態情報送信部と、
    　前記蓄電池のＳＯＨを推定する第１推定部と、
    　前記第１推定部により推定したＳＯＨを前記管理装置に送信するＳＯＨ送信部と、
    　を有し、
    　前記管理装置は、
    　前記状態情報から前記第１推定部よりも高い精度でＳＯＨを推定する第２推定部と、
    　前記第２推定部により得たＳＯＨ又は前記第１推定部により得た最新のＳＯＨを用いて前記充電スケジュールを算定する充電スケジュール算定部と、
    　を有し、
    　前記ＳＯＨ送信部が前記第１推定部により推定されたＳＯＨを送信する頻度が、前記第２推定部によりＳＯＨを推定してから時間が経過するとともに増加する、
    　蓄電池管理システム。     With a storage battery
    A control device that controls the charging and discharging of the storage battery,
    A management device that manages SOH, which is a deteriorated state of the storage battery, and calculates the charging schedule of the storage battery.
    With
    The control device is
    A state information acquisition unit that acquires the state information of the storage battery, and
    A state information transmission unit that transmits the state information to the management device,
    The first estimation unit that estimates the SOH of the storage battery and
    An SOH transmission unit that transmits the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit to the management device, and a SOH transmission unit.
    Have,
    The management device is
    A second estimation unit that estimates SOH from the state information with higher accuracy than the first estimation unit, and
    A charging schedule calculation unit that calculates the charging schedule using the SOH obtained by the second estimation unit or the latest SOH obtained by the first estimation unit.
    Have,
    The frequency with which the SOH transmission unit transmits the SOH estimated by the first estimation unit increases as time elapses after the SOH is estimated by the second estimation unit.
    Storage battery management system.
  2. 　前記状態情報は、前記蓄電池の充電曲線であり、
    　前記第２推定部は、前記充電曲線から充電曲線解析法によりＳＯＨを推定する、
    　請求項１記載の蓄電池管理システム。     The state information is a charging curve of the storage battery.
    The second estimation unit estimates SOH from the charge curve by the charge curve analysis method.
    The storage battery management system according to claim 1.
  3. 　前記管理装置は、
    　前記第２推定部により推定したＳＯＨを前記制御装置に送信するＳＯＨ送信部を有し、
    　前記制御装置は、
    　前記第１推定部が、前記管理装置の前記ＳＯＨ送信部から受信したＳＯＨを基準として前記蓄電池のＳＯＨを推定する、
    　請求項１又は２記載の蓄電池管理システム。     The management device is
    It has an SOH transmission unit that transmits the SOH estimated by the second estimation unit to the control device.
    The control device is
    The first estimation unit estimates the SOH of the storage battery with reference to the SOH received from the SOH transmission unit of the management device.
    The storage battery management system according to claim 1 or 2.
  4. 　前記充電スケジュール算定部は、前記第２推定部により推定されたＳＯＨと充電レートとから前記蓄電池の充電スケジュールを算定する、
    　請求項１～３の何れかに記載の蓄電池管理システム。     The charging schedule calculation unit calculates the charging schedule of the storage battery from the SOH estimated by the second estimation unit and the charging rate.
    The storage battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
  5. 　前記蓄電池の状態情報は、前記蓄電池の放電量を含み、
    　前記管理装置は、
    　前記制御装置を制御する制御信号を生成する状態情報送信指令部を有し、
    　前記状態情報送信指令部は、前記放電量が第１の閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記状態情報として前記蓄電池の充電曲線を前記状態情報取得部に取得させる制御信号を、前記制御装置に送信し、
    　前記制御装置は、
    　前記制御信号を受信した前記状態情報取得部により前記充電曲線を取得し、当該取得した前記充電曲線を前記状態情報送信部により前記管理装置に送信する、
    　請求項１～４の何れかに記載の蓄電池管理システム。     The state information of the storage battery includes the discharge amount of the storage battery.
    The management device is
    It has a state information transmission command unit that generates a control signal that controls the control device.
    When the discharge amount is larger than the first threshold value, the state information transmission command unit transmits to the control device a control signal for causing the state information acquisition unit to acquire the charge curve of the storage battery as the state information. ,
    The control device is
    The charge curve is acquired by the state information acquisition unit that has received the control signal, and the acquired charge curve is transmitted to the management device by the state information transmission unit.
    The storage battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
  6. 　前記状態情報送信指令部は、前記放電量が前記第１の閾値より小さい第２の閾値より小さい場合には、前記制御信号を前記制御装置に送信しない、
    　請求項５記載の蓄電池管理システム。     The state information transmission command unit does not transmit the control signal to the control device when the discharge amount is smaller than the second threshold value smaller than the first threshold value.
    The storage battery management system according to claim 5.
PCT/JP2019/035541 2019-09-10 2019-09-10 Storage battery management system WO2021048920A1 (en)

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