WO2021045985A1 - Dispositifs de coupe à poussoir à cisaillement cinétique pour appareil de commande de puits - Google Patents

Dispositifs de coupe à poussoir à cisaillement cinétique pour appareil de commande de puits Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021045985A1
WO2021045985A1 PCT/US2020/048701 US2020048701W WO2021045985A1 WO 2021045985 A1 WO2021045985 A1 WO 2021045985A1 US 2020048701 W US2020048701 W US 2020048701W WO 2021045985 A1 WO2021045985 A1 WO 2021045985A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cutter
cutting edge
ring cutter
bore
disposed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2020/048701
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bobby James GALLAGHER
Billy Jack Gallagher
Steven Anthony ANGSTMANN
Original Assignee
Kinetic Pressure Control, Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kinetic Pressure Control, Ltd. filed Critical Kinetic Pressure Control, Ltd.
Publication of WO2021045985A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021045985A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
    • E21B33/061—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams
    • E21B33/062—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams
    • E21B33/063—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams for shearing drill pipes

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to the field of well control apparatus, namely, blowout preventers (BOPs). More specifically, the disclosure relates to actuating rams for so called “shear rams” which are used to close a BOP when there are tools, pipe or other devices in a subsurface well that prevent ordinary operation of other devices used to close a BOP.
  • BOPs blowout preventers
  • BOPs for oil and gas wells are used to prevent potentially catastrophic events known as blowouts, where high well pressures and uncontrolled flow from a subsurface formation into the well can expel tubing (e.g., drill pipe and well casing), tools and drilling fluid out of a well. Blowouts present a serious safety hazard to drilling crew, the drilling rig and the environment and can be extremely costly.
  • BOPs have “rams” that opened and closed by actuators.
  • the most common type of actuator is operated hydraulically to push closure elements pushed across a through bore in a BOP housing (itself sealingly coupled to the well) close the well.
  • the ram have hardened steel shears to cut through a drill string or other tool or device which may be in the well at the time it is necessary to close the BOP.
  • a limitation of many of the hydraulically actuated rams is that they require a large amount of hydraulic force to move the rams against the pressure inside the wellbore and subsequently to cut through objects in the through bore.
  • hydraulically actuated rams An additional limitation of hydraulically actuated rams is that the hydraulic force is typically generated at a location away from the BOP (necessitating a hydraulic line from the pressure source to the rams), making the BOP susceptible to failure to close if the hydraulic line conveying the hydraulic force is damaged. Further problems may include erosion of cutting and sealing surfaces due to the relatively slow closing action of the rams in a flowing wellbore. Cutting through tool joints, drill collars, large diameter tubulars and off-center pipe strings under heavy compression may also present problems for hydraulically actuated rams.
  • a further problem with hydraulically actuated shear ram BOPs is that the cutting blades are asymmetrical which leads to a splitting force being generated during the shearing action.
  • Pyrotechnic based BOPs have been proposed which address many of the shortcomings of hydraulic BOPs such as those described in International Application Publication No. WO/2017 176725 to Kinetic Pressure Control Limited.
  • a blowout preventer includes a main body having a through bore.
  • the main body has a passage oriented transversely to the through bore and extending into a pressure housing.
  • a ring cutter is disposed in the passage and configured for movement along the passage.
  • the ring cutter has an opening coincident with the through bore when the cutter is positioned proximate the through bore along the passage.
  • the ring cutter comprises a cutter body, and a cutting edge disposed on a side of the opening toward the pressure housing.
  • a gate is disposed in the pressure housing spaced apart from the ring cutter. A charge disposed between the gate and an end of the pressure housing.
  • the cutter body comprises holes or voids formed on the cutter body apart from the opening.
  • the cutting edge comprises a protective layer thereon.
  • the cutting edge comprises at least one protrusion extending away from the cutting edge in a direction away from the pressure housing.
  • the cutting edge comprises an upper tapered surface and a lower tapered surface extending from a respective one of and converging between a top surface of the cutter body and a bottom surface of the cutter body.
  • the cutting edge comprises a flat front portion.
  • the ring cutter comprises an insert disposed in the cutter body.
  • Some embodiments further comprise a shearable pin extending from at least one of a top surface of the cutter body and a bottom surface of the cutter body.
  • the cutting edge comprises a plurality of protrusions extending away from the cutting edge in a direction away from the pressure housing.
  • the ring cutter comprises an inner core encapsulated by at least one layer forming an exterior coating, the inner core comprising a high- strength, non-corrosion resistant material, the exterior coating comprising a lower- strength, corrosion resistant material than the material of the core.
  • a method relates to a method for closing a well that includes actuating a charge disposed in a blowout preventer having a main body coupled to the well and including a through bore, and a housing adjacent to the main body.
  • the housing defines a passage transverse to the through bore.
  • a ring cutter is movable along the passage and has an opening coincident with the through bore.
  • a gate is disposed in a pressure housing spaced apart from the ring cutter, wherein the charge is disposed between the gate and an end of the pressure housing.
  • the ring cutter comprising a cutter body, and a cutting edge disposed on a side of the opening toward the pressure housing. Pressure from the charge, when actuated, moves the gate and the ring cutter into the through bore to cut a device disposed in the through bore and seal the passage against fluid communication from the through bore.
  • the cutter body comprises holes or voids formed on the cutter body apart from the opening.
  • the cutting edge comprises a protective layer thereon.
  • the cutting edge comprises at least one protrusion extending away from the cutting edge in a direction away from the pressure housing.
  • the cutting edge comprises an upper tapered surface and a lower tapered surface extending from a respective one of and converging between a top surface of the cutter body and a bottom surface of the cutter body.
  • the cutting edge comprises a flat front portion.
  • the ring cutter comprises an insert disposed in the cutter body.
  • Some embodiments further comprise a shearable pin extending from at least one of a top surface of the cutter body and a bottom surface of the cutter body.
  • the cutting edge comprises a plurality of protmsions extending away from the cutting edge in a direction away from the pressure housing.
  • the ring cutter comprises an inner core encapsulated by at least one layer forming an exterior coating, the inner core comprising a high- strength, non-corrosion resistant material, the exterior coating comprising a lower- strength, corrosion resistant material than the material of the core.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section view of an example embodiment of a BOP according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of an example embodiment of a BOP according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section view of an example embodiment of a BOP according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 shows an oblique view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 5 shows a top view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 6 shows a side view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 7 shows a side view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 8 shows a side view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 9 shows an oblique view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 10 shows an oblique view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 11 shows an oblique view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 12 shows an oblique view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 13 shows a side view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 14 shows a side view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 15 shows a top view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 16 shows a top view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 17 shows a top view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 18 shows a top view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 19 shows an oblique view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 20 shows an oblique view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 21 shows a side view of the ring cutter of FIG. 20.
  • FIG. 22 shows a side view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 23 shows a side view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 24A shows a top view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 24B shows a cross-section of a void, with a layered composition insert formed via interspersed elements filling the void.
  • FIG. 25 shows a side view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter.
  • FIG. 1 With reference to FIG. 1, there is shown a sectioned elevational view of an example embodiment of a blowout preventer 100 (BOP) according the present disclosure.
  • the blowout preventer 100 has a main body 5 having a through bore 7.
  • the blowout preventer 100 also has a passage 8 that is oriented transversely to the through bore 7.
  • a ring cutter 4 fluidly seals the passage 8, which extends from the through bore 7 into a pressure housing 10.
  • the ring cutter 4 is positioned inside the main body 5 and has an opening (see element 26 in FIG. 2) centered about the through bore 7 prior to actuation of the BOP 100. See FIG. 2 for a plan view.
  • a cutting edge (defined below) may be formed on the circumference of the opening in the ring cutter 4.
  • a piston 1 and gate 3 are disposed in the pressure housing 10.
  • the gate may be a substantially flat plate (e.g. made from steel), shaped to enable longitudinal motion along the passage 8 and to act in the same manner as a gate in a gate valve to close the through bore 7 as will be further explained.
  • FIG. 1 also shows the ring cutter 4 fluidly sealing the passage 8 from the through bore 7.
  • a through bore seal 13 may be disposed below the lower plane of the gate 3, which will be explained in more detail below.
  • the charge 9 may be initiated and combust or react to produce high pressure gases, which in turn propel the piston 1, and thus the gate 3 through the pressure housing 10 and into the ring cutter 4.
  • Kinetic energy from the piston 1 and gate 3 are transferred to the ring cutter 4 to propel the ring cutter 4 along the passage 8 and across the through bore 7, in addition, the gate 3 and ring cutter 4 may remain in intimate contact as they travel across the through bore 7 allowing the force from the expanding gases to continue to act through the piston 1 and gate 3 and onto the ring cutter 4 during shearing to increase shearing effectiveness as will be further described below.
  • the pre-initiation spacing between the gate 3 and ring cutter 4 may be between 1/8 to 1/2 of the diameter of the through bore 7, or greater than 1/2 the diameter of the through bore.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of a blowout preventer 100 according the present disclosure, prior to being activated.
  • the charge 9, piston 1 and gate 3 are located on a first side of the through bore 7.
  • FIG. 2 also shows an initiator 12 which is adapted to activate the charge 9.
  • the energy absorbing element 2 is located within the passage 8 on the same side of the through bore 7 as the piston 1 and gate 3.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-section view of a blowout preventer 100 according the present disclosure.
  • the gate 3 has propelled the ring cutter 4 through the through bore 7, the cutter has sheared through anything that may have been located in the through bore.
  • the body of energy absorbing material of the energy absorbing element 2 has crumpled to a predetermined amount, absorbing the kinetic energy of the piston 1 and the gate 3.
  • the gate 3 With the blowout preventer 100 embodiment of FIG. 1, the gate 3 will then be substantially aligned with the seal 13. When such alignment occurs, the seal 13 will laterally press against a sealing face (not shown) on the gate 3, to stop the flow of well fluids through the through bore 7, thereby securing the well.
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of an example embodiment of a ring cutter 4 according to the present disclosure.
  • the ring cutter 4 may be formed generally as a quadrilateral body 4A, with a top surface 14, a bottom surface 16, a front end 18, and a back end 20.
  • the ring cutter 4 is configured in a generally rectangular shape with the front end 18, back end 20, and both sides 22, 24 having flat planar surfaces.
  • An opening 26 formed generally as an ellipse or oval traverses the ring cutter 4 from the top surface 14 through to the bottom surface 16 interior of all of the front end 18, back end 20 and both sides 22, 24 and approximately at its center.
  • a cutting edge 28 is formed on the circumference of the opening 26 proximate the back end 20 of the ring cutter 4.
  • Some embodiments may also be configured with one or more holes 30 and/or voids 32 formed in the ring cutter body 4A. Such holes 30 or voids 32 may provide a negative space, which lightens the ring cutter 4 and reduces momentum when the gate (3 in FIG. 1) engages with the ring cutter 4 as described herein.
  • the holes 30 and voids 32 may be distributed about the ring cutter 4 in any configuration as desired.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of another example embodiment of a ring cutter 4 wherein the cutting edge 28 may be formed in a half-moon or crescent shape.
  • the cutting edge 28 in the ring cutter 4 embodiment of FIG. 5 is configured with a projection 34 extending from the central portion of the cutting edge 28 surface to form a tip.
  • the cutting edge 28 with the projection 34 may be formed as a single piece.
  • the projection 34 may be formed from a different material than the rest of the cutting edge 28.
  • the cutting edge 28 may be formed as a steel cutting edge with a projection or other attached structure made from a metal carbide such as tungsten carbide (e.g., at 28 A in FIG.
  • the projection 34 may be affixed to the cutting edge 28 using any suitable technique as known in the art (e.g., via brazing, welding, mechanically attached, etc.). In FIG. 5, the projection 34 is shown affixed to the cutting edge 28 along a contact surface 36. Any of the ring cutter 4 embodiments according to the present disclosure may be implemented with the cutting edge 28 having one or more projections extending from the surface in various configurations.
  • the cutting edge 28 may be configured as a sloped ramp with a leading edge 38 extending upward from the bottom surface 16 toward the top surface 14 and back end 20 of the ring cutter 4, as shown in cross-section in FIG. 6. In some embodiments, the cutting edge 28 may be configured as a sloped ramp with a leading edge 38 extending downward from the top surface 14 toward the bottom surface 16 and back end 20 of the ring cutter 4, as shown in cross-section in FIG. 7. In some embodiments, the cutting edge 28 is configured with inclined faces 40 extending inward toward the center of the opening 26 in an arrowhead configuration, as shown in cross-section in FIG. 8. Some embodiments may be implemented with the inclined faces 40 having tapers respectively angled at approximately 10-20 degrees from the top surface 14 and the bottom surface 16 of the cutter 4 body.
  • FIG. 6 also shows, as explained with reference to FIG. 5, a hard material 28A, which may be made from a wear-resistant material such as metal carbide, e.g., tungsten carbide, or “super hard” material such as cubic boron nitride or polycrystalline diamond.
  • the hard material 28A may be in the form of a coating on a substrate, that is a coating on the cutting edge 28 itself, or the hard material 28A may be a separate structure affixed to the substrate, i.e., the cutting edge 28.
  • the hard material 28A may also be formed as one or more layers deposited onto the ring cutter 4 body via conventional techniques as known in the art.
  • the structure of the hard material 28A shown in FIG. 6 is only one example of a hard material forming part of the surface of the cutting edge 28 that first comes into contact with a device disposed in the through bore (7 in FIG. 1) when the BOP 100 is actuated.
  • FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of another example embodiment of the ring cutter 4 according to the present disclosure.
  • the front end 18 may be configured with a curved or rounded surface.
  • the curved surface comprises a single curvature.
  • FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of another example embodiment of the ring cutter 4 according to the present disclosure.
  • the front end 18 is partially curved near the central region, with a planar indent 42 formed on each side of the curved surface.
  • FIG. 11 shows another example embodiment of a ring cutter 4 configured with a rounded or curved back end 20.
  • the gate 3 end facing the ring cutter 4 may be configured with a curved or rounded surface 21 to engage with a matching curved surface 23 on the back end 20 of the ring cutter 4 as described herein.
  • the ring cutter 4 embodiments depicted in the figures of this disclosure are shown configured with convex curved or rounded ends, it will be appreciated that any of the ring cutter embodiments may be implemented with concave curved or rounded ends and matching convex-end gates (not shown).
  • FIG. 12 shows a perspective view of another example embodiment of the ring cutter 4 according to the present disclosure.
  • all sides of the ring cutter body 4A may be configured with a slight bevel 44 running along the periphery of each of the upper surface 14, lower surface 16, and corresponding ends 18, 20.
  • FIG. 13 shows a cross-section of another example embodiment of a ring cutter 4 that may be configured with extended- slope edge tapers 46 formed at the back end 20 and defined between the back end 20 and the upper 14 and lower 16 surfaces.
  • the front end 18 may comprise the same tapers as or shorter tapers 43 as compared to the corresponding back end 20 edge tapers 46.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 13 may also be configured with upper and lower seals 48 disposed in corresponding grooves or channels 50 formed in the top 14 and bottom 16 surfaces of the ring cutter body. Any suitable conventional seals may be used as known in the art (e.g., O-rings, composite seals, spring-energized seals, etc.).
  • the cutting edge 28 in some embodiments may comprise an upper tapered surface 29 and a lower tapered surface 31 converging between the top surface 14 and the bottom surface 16.
  • the upper tapered surface 29 and the lower tapered surface 31 may subtend the same angle with reference to the top 14 and bottom 16 surfaces.
  • the tapered surfaces 29, 31 may subtend different angles.
  • FIG. 14 shows a cross-section of another example embodiment of a ring cutter 4 wherein the cutting edge 28 may be formed with one surface 28B tapered at a selected angle a with respect to the top surface 14 and the other surface 28C at an angle b with respect to the bottom surface 16.
  • Some embodiments may also be configured with a shearable pin 52 disposed in an orifice 54 formed on the ring cutter 4 body, e.g., in the top surface 14 as shown in FIG. 14, or in the bottom surface 16.
  • the shearable pin 52 may be urged in a direction away from the respective surface 14, 16 using a biasing device such as a spring 56, loaded to retract and extend from the orifice 54.
  • the shearable pin 52 can engage with a notch 58 aligned in the main body 5 (see embodiment of FIG. 1) to receive the shearable pin to hold the ring cutter 4 in place until the gate 3 engages with the ring cutter 4 as described herein.
  • FIG. 15 shows a plan view of another example embodiment of a ring cutter 4.
  • the cutting edge 28 may be configured with multiple tips, forming a serrated leading edge.
  • the ring cutter 4 may also be configured as a multi-piece unit.
  • the ring cutter 4 in FIG. 15 is shown as having a separate cutting insert 60 disposed in the opening 26 and affixed to the ring cutter body (e.g., such as by brazing, welding, mechanically attaching, etc.) to form the cutting edge 28.
  • some embodiments may also be configured with thinner side walls (depicted in the y-axis) surrounding the opening 26 compared to the cutter body 4A wall forming the front and/or back of the ring cutter (depicted in the x-axis).
  • FIG. 16 shows a plan view of another example embodiment of the ring cutter 4.
  • the cutting edge 28 may be configured with linear sides 62 and a flat front portion 64.
  • Some embodiments may also be configured with a separate cutting insert 60 disposed in the opening 26 and mechanically affixed to the cutter body 4A using e.g., a bolt 66 inserted from the side of the ring cutter body to engage with a stem 68 extending from the back side of the insert 60 into a port 69 formed in the opening 26 in the ring cutter body 4A.
  • FIG. 17 shows a plan view of another example embodiment of the ring cutter 4.
  • the opening 26 may be formed with angled side chamfers 70 extending from the cutting edge 28 side ends towards the center of the opening 26.
  • the side chamfers 70 aid in centering and guiding an object in the through bore (7 in FIG. 1) to abut with the cutting edge 28 when the ring cutter 4 is engaged by the gate (3 in FIG. 1) as described herein.
  • FIG. 18 shows a plan view of another example embodiment of the ring cutter 4.
  • the ring cutter body 4 A may be configured with one or more holes 30 and/or voids 32, similar to the embodiment of FIG. 4.
  • the holes 30 and/or voids 32 may be filled with any suitable material 33 (e.g., composites, metals, plastics, ceramics, etc.), preferably a material which is lighter than original material of the cutter body 4A.
  • the holes 30 and voids 32 may be distributed about the ring cutter 4 in any configuration as desired.
  • the holes 30 and/or voids 32 may be filled with a suitable liquid 35 and sealed via techniques known in the art.
  • the holes 30 and/or voids 32 may be filled with liquids encapsulated in capsule-type or ball-type enclosures 37 as known in the art.
  • FIG. 19 shows a perspective view of another example embodiment of a ring cutter 4 according to the present disclosure.
  • the ring cutter body 4A is formed as a multi-piece 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E structure.
  • FIG. 19 shows different junction lines 72 where the various body 4A pieces are united to form the cutter 4. The pieces can be affixed together using techniques as known in the art (e.g. brazing, welding, etc.). As shown by the junction lines 72 in FIG. 19, the cutter 4 pieces may be configured to join one another forming linear or non-linear junctions.
  • embodiments with non-linear junctions aids to attenuate shock waves that may traverse the cutter body 4A as a result of the force imparted on the cutter when the gate 3 impacts the cutter as described herein.
  • different types of materials may be used to form the individual sections (e.g., 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E in FIG. 19) forming the ring cuter 4.
  • the section 4D forming the front end 18 in FIG. 19 may be formed from a lighter metal compared to the sections forming the central 4C, 4E or back end 20 portions 4B of the ring cutter 4.
  • FIG. 20 shows a perspective view of another example embodiment of the ring cutter 4 according to the present disclosure.
  • the ring cutter 4 may be formed generally as a quadrilateral body 4A having flat planar surfaces with a front end 18, a back end 20, a top surface 14, a bottom surface 16, and two sides 22, 24.
  • the cutting edge 28 may be formed on the circumference of the opening 26, which traverses the ring cutter 4 from the top surface 14 through to the bottom surface 16.
  • the cutting edge 28 extends outward from the back end 20 toward the center of the opening 26.
  • the cutting edge 28 may be formed in any configuration as described herein.
  • the ring cutter 4 opening 26 is positioned in coaxial alignment with the through bore 7.
  • the ring cutter 4 cutting edge 28 is exposed to fluids and materials (e.g., drilling mud, formation cuttings, etc.) traversing the through bore 7 and past the ring cutter 4. Such material movement may cause fouling and damage to the cutting edge 28.
  • fluids and materials e.g., drilling mud, formation cuttings, etc.
  • ring cutter 4 embodiments may be configured with a protective layer 80 disposed over the cutting edge 28.
  • the protective layer 80 covers and seals the cutting edge 28.
  • the protective layer 80 may be disposed to form a planar face 82 along the inner diameter of the opening 26.
  • the protective layer 80 may be applied via well-known techniques, using conventional materials and compounds (e.g. resilient materials) to form the protective layer as known in the art (e.g., epoxies, elastomers such as rubber and polyurethane, ceramics, thermoplastics and the like).
  • FIG. 21 shows a cross-section of the ring cutter 4 of FIG. 20, wherein the protective layer 80 is dispose on the cutter so as to cover the cutting edge 28.
  • the protective layer 80 forms a protective cap over the cutting edge 28, thereby shielding the cutting edge from fluids, debris and other materials in or flowing through the through bore (7 in FIG. 1).
  • gas pressure propels the gate (3 in FIG.l), and subsequently the ring cutter 4, along the passage (8 in FIG. 1) at a very high rate of speed.
  • the protective layer 80 makes first contact with any object in the through bore.
  • FIG. 22 shows another example ring cutter 4 embodiment according to the present disclosure.
  • one or more layers A, B of coatings may be applied to the cutting edge 28 to provide increased wear resistance, corrosion resistance, anti-galling, etc. Conventional materials may be used to form the coating(s) A, B as known in the art.
  • some embodiments may be implemented with a cutting edge 28 overlain with a first coating A, formed using a ceramic coating sold under product designation Tech 12, and a second coating B over the first coating A, formed using a ceramic coating sold under product designation Tech 22, both of which products are made by Bodycote PLC, Springwood Court, Springwood Close, Tytherington Business Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, United Kingdom SK10 2XF.
  • Some embodiments may be implemented with Tech 12 or Tech 22 ceramic coating applied to the cutting edge 28 and heat treated, such as in an oven. Repetition of this process may be implemented to produce coatings A, B that are substantially free from porosity.
  • Implementation of some ring cutter 4 embodiments may comprise coatings over the entire surface of the ring cutter 4, which may provide a fully inert exterior surface that can protect against hydrogen embrittlement and sulfide stress cracking.
  • a very hard substrate may be used to form the body 4A of the ring cutter 4.
  • the protective layer 80 may be applied over the one or more coatings A, B.
  • FIG. 23 shows a cross-section of another example ring cutter 4 embodiment according to the present disclosure.
  • a shaped insert 81 may be affixed to the substrate forming the body 4 A.
  • the insert 81 may be tapered to form a cutting edge 28.
  • the insert 81 may be formed from a different material than the cutter body 4A.
  • the cutter body 4A may be formed from a corrosion resistant material (e.g., INCONEL alloy.
  • the insert 81 may be made from a high strength/hardness material (e.g., metal carbide such as tungsten carbide, ceramics, cubic boron nitride, etc.).
  • the insert 81 may be affixed to the cutter body 4A using any suitable technique as known in the art (e.g., via brazing, welding, mechanically attached, etc.).
  • a protective layer 80 may be disposed over the cutting edge 28, for example, to form a planar face (see 82 in FIG. 20) along the inner diameter surface of the opening 26.
  • FIG. 24A is a plan view of another example ring cutter 4 embodiment according to the present disclosure.
  • the cutter body 4A includes one or more voids 84 containing a layered composition forming an insert 88.
  • FIG. 24B shows a cross-section of one such layered composition insert 88 formed via interspersed elements 90 used to fill the void.
  • the elements 90 may include a series of hard, high strength materials 92 (e.g., ceramics, and the like) interleaved with other materials 94 (e.g., the material used to form the cutter body 4A such as described with reference to FIG. 23).
  • the individual elements 90 may be inserted and pressed into the voids 84 via conventional techniques as known in the art.
  • the void(s) 84 may be added after the cutter body 4A is formed with a cutting edge 28.
  • the voids 84 may be formed by drilling out the body 4A from the opening 26 toward the back end 20.
  • FIG. 25 shows another example ring cutter 4 embodiment according to this disclosure.
  • the ring cutter 4 may be formed with an inner core 96 encapsulated by one or more layers forming an exterior coating 98.
  • the inner core 96 may comprise a high-strength, non-corrosion resistant material (e.g., steel and other metal alloys).
  • Exterior coatings 98 may comprise a lower- strength, corrosion resistant material (e.g., and without limitation, inorganic zinc, polyphenylene sulfide / RYTON synthetic resin; RYTON is a registered trademark of Solvay, SA, Rue de Ransbeek 310 Brussels, Belgium B-1120).
  • ring cutter 4 embodiments with configurations such as depicted in FIG. 25 may also be implemented with an inner core 96 formed of a high-strength, hardened material (e.g. INCONEL 718 alloy; INCONEL 718 is a registered trademark of Huntington Alloys Corp.) and encapsulated by one or more layers forming an exterior coating 98.
  • the exterior coating 98 may be treated to harden the surface and improve corrosion resistance using conventional techniques as known in the art (e.g., via annealing, electron beam welding, etc.).
  • layered embodiments may be formed via HIP techniques as known in the art.
  • a ring cutter 4 assembly may be configured via HIP processing using a suitable powder matrix to implement the layering.
  • Embodiments may also be implemented with a protective layer 80 disposed over the exterior coating 98 to provide additional protection to the cutting edge 28 if desired.
  • the ring cutter 4 embodiments of this disclosure may be formed from any suitable materials as known in the art. Some embodiments may be formed from suitable metals or metallic alloys (e.g., metal carbide such as tungsten carbide). The ring cutters 4 may be formed using conventional manufacturing techniques as known in the art (e.g., forging, machining processes, 3D printing, etc.). Some embodiments may also be implemented with the cutting edge 28 surfaces having specialized coatings or compositions (e.g., infused with or coated with polycrystalline diamond, cubic boron nitride or other known “super hard” materials) as described herein.
  • suitable metals or metallic alloys e.g., metal carbide such as tungsten carbide
  • the ring cutters 4 may be formed using conventional manufacturing techniques as known in the art (e.g., forging, machining processes, 3D printing, etc.). Some embodiments may also be implemented with the cutting edge 28 surfaces having specialized coatings or compositions (e.g., infused with or coated with polycrystalline diamond,
  • a possible advantage of a BOP made according to the present disclosure is that the blow out preventer can be actuated without having to produce hydraulic forces to hydraulically push rams across the through bore to close off the through bore. Instead, the energy required to close the wellbore is contained in the charge in the blowout preventer where it is required.
  • Another possible advantage of having the ring cutter 4 fluidly sealing the passage 8 from the through bore 7 is that the piston 1 and gate 3 can accelerate along the passage 8 unhindered by well fluids or other liquids until the piston 1 and gate 3 contact the ring cutter 4.
  • Another possible advantage of using an energy absorbing element 2 is that excess kinetic energy of the gate and piston is not directly transferred into a structural portion of the blowout preventer 100.

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Abstract

Bloc d'obturation de puits comprenant un corps principal ayant un trou traversant. Le corps principal a un passage orienté transversalement au trou traversant et s'étendant dans un logement sous pression. Un dispositif de coupe annulaire est disposé dans le passage et configuré pour se déplacer le long du passage. Le dispositif de coupe annulaire a une ouverture coïncidant avec le trou traversant lorsque le dispositif de coupe est positionné à proximité du trou traversant le long du passage. Le dispositif de coupe annulaire comprend un corps de dispositif de coupe, et un bord de coupe disposé sur un côté de l'ouverture vers le logement sous pression. Une porte est disposée dans le logement sous pression espacé du dispositif de coupe annulaire. Une charge est disposée entre la porte et une extrémité du logement sous pression.
PCT/US2020/048701 2019-09-04 2020-08-31 Dispositifs de coupe à poussoir à cisaillement cinétique pour appareil de commande de puits WO2021045985A1 (fr)

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US201962895968P 2019-09-04 2019-09-04
US62/895,968 2019-09-04

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Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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US20160032676A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-02-04 Fmc Technologies, Inc. Gate valve assembly comprising a support member
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US20180080300A1 (en) * 2015-05-01 2018-03-22 Kinetic Pressure Control, Ltd. Blowout preventer
US20180135376A1 (en) * 2015-05-26 2018-05-17 Electrical Subsea & Drilling As Wellbore control device
CN109138898A (zh) * 2018-10-23 2019-01-04 招商局重工（江苏）有限公司 一种基于聚能爆破切割的防喷器剪切闸板

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5501424A (en) * 1994-02-09 1996-03-26 Fmc Corporation Wire cutting insert for gate valve
US20070246215A1 (en) * 2006-04-25 2007-10-25 Springett Frank B Blowout preventers and methods of use
US20100102263A1 (en) * 2008-10-27 2010-04-29 Vetco Gray Inc. Recessed Cutting Edge For Wire Cutting Gate Valves
US20160032676A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-02-04 Fmc Technologies, Inc. Gate valve assembly comprising a support member
US20160312904A1 (en) * 2015-04-24 2016-10-27 Cameron International Corporation Shearing gate valve system
US20180080300A1 (en) * 2015-05-01 2018-03-22 Kinetic Pressure Control, Ltd. Blowout preventer
US20180135376A1 (en) * 2015-05-26 2018-05-17 Electrical Subsea & Drilling As Wellbore control device
CN109138898A (zh) * 2018-10-23 2019-01-04 招商局重工（江苏）有限公司 一种基于聚能爆破切割的防喷器剪切闸板

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