WO2021038585A1 - Bio-fuel pellets with industrial dolochar and method thereof - Google Patents

Bio-fuel pellets with industrial dolochar and method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021038585A1
WO2021038585A1 PCT/IN2020/050736 IN2020050736W WO2021038585A1 WO 2021038585 A1 WO2021038585 A1 WO 2021038585A1 IN 2020050736 W IN2020050736 W IN 2020050736W WO 2021038585 A1 WO2021038585 A1 WO 2021038585A1
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Prior art keywords
dolochar
bio
fuel pellets
biomass
fuel
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Application number
PCT/IN2020/050736
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Sukhdeep Singh RANA
Original Assignee
Rana Sukhdeep Singh
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Publication of WO2021038585A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021038585A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/42—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on animal substances or products obtained therefrom, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/24—Mixing, stirring of fuel components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/30—Pressing, compressing or compacting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to bio-fuel pellets and in particularly relates to bio-fuel pellets made of dolochar and a method for making the same.
  • India is the largest producer of sponge iron in the world and second largest producer of raw steel. Over 100 Million Tons of steel and 25 Million Tons of sponge iron. Therefore, the environmental challenge is tremendous. Disposal of such a huge quantity is a major concern.
  • the present invention provides for bio-fuel pellets and a method for the production of the same.
  • the bio-fuel pellets include biomass and dolochar.
  • the biomass material forms the majority of total mass of the fuel product.
  • the proportion of biomass may vary from 75%-55% depending upon the properties of dolochar, type of biomass used and application of the pellets and dolochar content of the total mass of the fuel pellet may vary from 25% to 45%.
  • the present invention is a unique product made using the unburnt coal waste into a homogenous pellet agglomerated with biomass.
  • the present invention provides for a method to convert a highly ash positive and non-disposable dolochar into a proprietary bio-fuel pellet product without toxic emissions or further segregation.
  • the present method provides a cost effective means of using dolochar in its original form because the carbon content of the waste dolochar is used to enhance the energy of the final product.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates dolochar based pellets, according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG.2 illustrates different steps of the process of preparing bio-fuel pellets, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a method 200 for preparing bio-fuel pellets.
  • the method 200 begins at step 202, wherein grinding of biomass material is done using a grinder to obtain ground particulate form of biomass.
  • grinding of ground biomass material is performed to provide dried biomass for the step 206.
  • the ground and dried biomass is mixed with dolochar.
  • blending of the mixture of biomass and dolochar is performed to obtain fine mixture for pellet formation.
  • pelleting of the mixture of biomass and dolochar is performed using pellet press to obtain bio-fuel pellets.
  • the bio-fuel pellets allow the un-usable industrial waste to be utilized in a cost efficient manner as the carbon content of the waste dolochar is used to enhance the energy of the final product or bio-fuel pellets. Also, this provides a means where the waste is being utilized by the industry that generated the said waste. After utilizing this waste as bio-fuel pellets the residual ash left comprises a very small fraction of the original waste.
  • the bio-fuel pellets have high ash fusion temperature and therefore can be used without clinker formation.
  • the bio-fuel pellets of the present invention have ⁇ 0.04% by weight of nitrogen, 0.23% sulphur and nearly 50% carbon content. Also, the said bio-fuel pellets have good finish and durability.
  • the various parameters of bio-fuel pellets as tested in a laboratory are tabulated below:
  • the residual ash left after utilizing the bio-fuel pellets is powdery in nature amounting to only about 7% of the original waste. This residual ash is a
  • the major components of ash i.e. (Si02), (A1203), (Fe203), (CaO), (MgO), (K20) etc. are the beneficial components for the agriculture purpose and help in rapid growth of the plants. These components provide proper nutrients to the plants induced in soil conditioned soil.
  • the biomass material may comprise 75% to 55 % of the total mass of the fuel product pellets, depending upon the water content of dolochar, type of biomass used and application of the pellets and dolochar content of the total mass of the fuel pellet may vary from 25% to 45%.
  • the biomass may include all forms of renewable energy that are derived from plant materials based on either cellulose or lignin for example but not limited to wood waste, agricultural crop waste etc.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides for bio-fuel pellets and a method for the production of the same. The bio-fuel pellets include biomass and dolochar. The biomass material forms the majority of total mass of the fuel product. The proportion of biomass may vary from 75%-55% and Dolochar content of the total mass of the fuel pellet may vary from 25% to 45%. Biomass blends well with the dolochar and embodies carbon content. The present invention provides for a method to convert a highly ash positive and non-disposable dolochar into a proprietary bio-fuel pellet product without toxic emissions or further segregation. The present method provides a cost effective means of using dolochar in its original form because the carbon content of the waste dolochar is used to enhance the energy of the final product.

Description

“BIO-FUEL PELLETS WITH INDUSTRIAL DOLOCHAR AND METHOD THEREOF”
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[001] The present invention relates to bio-fuel pellets and in particularly relates to bio-fuel pellets made of dolochar and a method for making the same.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[002] Solid wastes generated by the metallurgical industry contribute significantly towards the enhancement of environmental pollution. The handling, utilization, and safe disposal of these solid wastes are major concerns for the world. Dolochar is such a solid waste generated by the sponge iron industry. It is a combination of Dolomite and Coal dust or Unbumt Coal. Black in colour is irregular in size. Mainly generated in the Direct Reduction of iron (DRI) process from the production of sponge iron. Because of the non-availability of good grade coal, This Industry including and especially in Orissa using very inferior quality coal(Grade-F). If (Grade - B) coal is used, Dolochar is 25T/100T of iron & with infirm coal can go to 40T/100T of iron.
[003] India is the largest producer of sponge iron in the world and second largest producer of raw steel. Over 100 Million Tons of steel and 25 Million Tons of sponge iron. Therefore, the environmental challenge is tremendous. Disposal of such a huge quantity is a major concern. [004] There are expensive processes to recover some of the coal through beneficiation process but is tedious and expensive to add back to coal mix. The separation of unbumt coal is also very difficult. Low load bearing roads this is being tried but generation is so much and handling is severe issue since it has average 45% fixed carbon and needs to be used.
[005] Thus, there is a long felt need for a solution to manage such a huge amount of dolochar through which dolochar can be utilized and converted in a usable format. Such solution should be able to utilize dolochar in a pollution free manner.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[006] It is an object of the present invention, to provide a bio-fuel pellets using dolochar. [007] It is another object of the present invention, to provide a method for the production of dolochar based bio-fuel pellets.
[008] It is another object of the present invention, to provide bio-fuel pellets that are economic and use the energy (carbon) entrapped in the dolochar.
[009] It is another object of the present invention, to provide a method for conversion of heavy ash, bound dolomite and unburnt coal in the dolochar into a usable residue without segregation. [0010] It is another object of the present invention to provide a method to use the industrial waste, dolochar and to manufacture an easily usable and marketable product, without any segregation or further processing. [0011] It is yet another object of the present invention, to provide bio-fuel pellets that can be used for combustion and as a carbon sequestered soil conditioner to replenish the lost carbon in the soil as well as agri nutrients.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0012] The present invention provides for bio-fuel pellets and a method for the production of the same. The bio-fuel pellets include biomass and dolochar. The biomass material forms the majority of total mass of the fuel product. The proportion of biomass may vary from 75%-55% depending upon the properties of dolochar, type of biomass used and application of the pellets and dolochar content of the total mass of the fuel pellet may vary from 25% to 45%. Biomass blends well with the dolochar and embodies carbon content. The present invention is a unique product made using the unburnt coal waste into a homogenous pellet agglomerated with biomass. [0013] The present invention provides for a method to convert a highly ash positive and non-disposable dolochar into a proprietary bio-fuel pellet product without toxic emissions or further segregation. The present method provides a cost effective means of using dolochar in its original form because the carbon content of the waste dolochar is used to enhance the energy of the final product.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] For a better understanding of the embodiments of the systems and methods described herein, and to show more clearly how they may be carried into effect, references will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals represent like elements/components throughout and wherein:
[0015] FIG. 1 illustrates dolochar based pellets, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0016]FIG.2 illustrates different steps of the process of preparing bio-fuel pellets, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0017] The embodiments of the invention will now be described herein, with reference to the accompanying examples and drawings. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory of the invention and are not intended to be restrictive.
[0018] The present invention provides bio-fuel pellets and manufacturing method for the same. The bio-fuel pellets (100) include dolochar and biomass. These bio fuel pellets are free of any toxic emissions. [0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 illustrates a method 200 for preparing bio-fuel pellets. The method 200 begins at step 202, wherein grinding of biomass material is done using a grinder to obtain ground particulate form of biomass. At step 204, drying of ground biomass material is performed to provide dried biomass for the step 206. At step 206, the ground and dried biomass is mixed with dolochar. At step 208, blending of the mixture of biomass and dolochar is performed to obtain fine mixture for pellet formation. Further at step 210, pelleting of the mixture of biomass and dolochar is performed using pellet press to obtain bio-fuel pellets.
[0020] The bio-fuel pellets allow the un-usable industrial waste to be utilized in a cost efficient manner as the carbon content of the waste dolochar is used to enhance the energy of the final product or bio-fuel pellets. Also, this provides a means where the waste is being utilized by the industry that generated the said waste. After utilizing this waste as bio-fuel pellets the residual ash left comprises a very small fraction of the original waste.
[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the bio-fuel pellets have high ash fusion temperature and therefore can be used without clinker formation. The bio-fuel pellets of the present invention have <0.04% by weight of nitrogen, 0.23% sulphur and nearly 50% carbon content. Also, the said bio-fuel pellets have good finish and durability. The various parameters of bio-fuel pellets as tested in a laboratory are tabulated below:
Figure imgf000008_0001
Figure imgf000008_0002
---- END of test report -
[0022] Further, the residual ash left after utilizing the bio-fuel pellets is powdery in nature amounting to only about 7% of the original waste. This residual ash is a
Figure imgf000008_0003
— Endof Test Report— combination of organic biomass and coal residue, can be further utilized for carbon sequestration as a soil conditioner and has value as a free soil conditioner enhancement. Thus the complete product in terms of pellets as well as the residual ash finds its use. An independent laboratory report depicting the chemical composition of ash is tabulated below:
The major components of ash i.e. (Si02), (A1203), (Fe203), (CaO), (MgO), (K20) etc. are the beneficial components for the agriculture purpose and help in rapid growth of the plants. These components provide proper nutrients to the plants induced in soil conditioned soil.
[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the biomass material may comprise 75% to 55 % of the total mass of the fuel product pellets, depending upon the water content of dolochar, type of biomass used and application of the pellets and dolochar content of the total mass of the fuel pellet may vary from 25% to 45%. The biomass may include all forms of renewable energy that are derived from plant materials based on either cellulose or lignin for example but not limited to wood waste, agricultural crop waste etc.
[0024] Various concentration combinations of biomass material and dolochar were tested in order to obtain dolochar based fuel pellets (Table 1):
Figure imgf000009_0001
Figure imgf000010_0001
[0025] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the products and methods of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. Additionally, the foregoing examples are appended for the purpose of illustrating the claimed invention, and should not be construed so as to limit the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

I claim:
1. A dolochar based bio-fuel pellets, comprising Dolochar; and Biomass; wherein, the amount of dolochar in bio-fuel pellets is 25%-45%; and amount of biomass is 75%-55% of the total mass of the pellets; wherein, the said bio-fuel pellets are economic and free of toxic emissions.
2. The dolochar based bio-fuel pellets as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said bio fuel pellets have high ash fusion temperature and can be used without clinker formation.
3. The dolochar based bio-fuel pellets as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said bio fuel pellets have good finish and durability.
4. The dolochar based bio-fuel pellets as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said bio fuel pellets can be used as a carbon sequestered soil conditioner to replenish the lost carbon in the soil.
5. The dolochar based bio-fuel pellets as claimed in claim 1, wherein the residual ash left after utilizing the said bio-fuel pellets is 7% of the original waste.
6. A method for preparation of dolochar based bio-fuel pellets wherein; the said method comprising the steps: (a) grinding the biomass material to obtain ground particulate form of biomass;
(b) drying the ground biomass material;
(c) mixing the biomass material of step (b) with dolochar;
(d) blending the mixture of step (c) to obtain fine mixture;
(e) pelleting the mixture obtained at step (d) to obtain fuel pellets.
7. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the weight of dolochar to biomass is 25-45%:75-55%.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the pelleting is done with the help of pellet press.
PCT/IN2020/050736 2019-08-24 2020-08-24 Bio-fuel pellets with industrial dolochar and method thereof WO2021038585A1 (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1858165A (en) * 2006-05-26 2006-11-08 崔桂娟 Biomass compound fuel and its producing method
WO2017089648A1 (en) * 2015-11-26 2017-06-01 Valmet Technologies Oy Biomass based fuel configured to reduce a chemical and/or mechanical effect of flue gas on heat transfer surfaces and a method for making the same

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1858165A (en) * 2006-05-26 2006-11-08 崔桂娟 Biomass compound fuel and its producing method
WO2017089648A1 (en) * 2015-11-26 2017-06-01 Valmet Technologies Oy Biomass based fuel configured to reduce a chemical and/or mechanical effect of flue gas on heat transfer surfaces and a method for making the same

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