WO2021037135A1 - 驻波异常位置检测方法、设备及介质 - Google Patents

驻波异常位置检测方法、设备及介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021037135A1
WO2021037135A1 PCT/CN2020/111711 CN2020111711W WO2021037135A1 WO 2021037135 A1 WO2021037135 A1 WO 2021037135A1 CN 2020111711 W CN2020111711 W CN 2020111711W WO 2021037135 A1 WO2021037135 A1 WO 2021037135A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
reflected
standing wave
electrically connected
antenna feeder
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PCT/CN2020/111711
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王剑侠
沈杰
张小龙
蒋旭晨
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三维通信股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021037135A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021037135A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
    • H04B17/15—Performance testing
    • H04B17/17—Detection of non-compliance or faulty performance, e.g. response deviations

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of communication equipment failure detection, and in particular to a method, equipment, and medium for detecting an abnormal position of a standing wave.
  • the transmitted signal is reflected at the fault point to form a reflected signal with the same frequency and opposite transmission direction as the transmitted signal.
  • the transmitted signal and the reflected signal are superimposed on each other.
  • a standing wave is formed, and the stronger the reflected signal, the greater the standing wave ratio. Using this phenomenon, by measuring the standing wave ratio, it can be detected whether there is a fault in the antenna feeder.
  • the traditional standing wave detection method based on the reflected signal power is to inject the transmitted signal into the antenna feeder, and then detect the power of the transmitted signal and the power of the reflected signal respectively, and calculate the stationary wave based on the ratio of the power of the transmitted signal to the power of the reflected signal.
  • Wave ratio to determine whether there is a fault in the antenna feeder.
  • this method can only detect the overall standing wave ratio of the antenna and feeder, and judge whether the entire antenna and feeder has standing wave anomalies, and cannot locate the fault point of the antenna and feeder.
  • standing wave detection methods in related technologies can only detect the position with the largest standing wave on the antenna feeder, but cannot detect multiple abnormal positions at the same time, and cannot reflect the entire sky.
  • the standing wave changes caused by the length of the feeder.
  • a method for detecting an abnormal position of a standing wave includes: injecting a transmission signal with a linear change in frequency into the antenna feeder to be measured; sampling the transmission signal and the transmission signal corresponding to the target. The reflected signal reflected by the antenna feeder under test; determine the corresponding relationship between the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal and the frequency of the transmitted signal; determine the standing wave of the antenna feeder under test according to the corresponding relationship Abnormal location.
  • the method of determining the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna and feeder to be tested solves the problem that the detection method of the abnormal position of the standing wave in the related technology cannot detect multiple abnormal positions at the same time, and improves the efficiency of the detection of the abnormal position of the standing wave.
  • the determining the correspondence between the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal and the frequency of the transmitted signal includes:
  • the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal is determined according to the power of the superimposed signal.
  • the normalizing the amplitude of the reflected signal and the amplitude of the transmitted signal includes:
  • the amplitude of the reflected signal is scaled to the same amplitude as the amplitude of the transmitted signal; or both the amplitude of the reflected signal and the amplitude of the transmitted signal are scaled to a preset fixed amplitude.
  • sampling the transmission signal includes:
  • a transmission signal is separated from the transmission signal, and the transmission signal of the transmission signal is sampled.
  • sampling the reflected signal includes:
  • the reflected signal corresponding to the transmitted signal is separated from the mixed signal.
  • the separating the reflected signal corresponding to the transmitted signal from the mixed signal includes:
  • determining the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna feeder under test according to the corresponding relationship includes:
  • the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna feeder to be tested is determined according to the period.
  • determining the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna feeder under test according to the corresponding relationship includes:
  • the method before sampling the transmitted signal and the transmitted signal corresponding to the reflected signal reflected by the antenna and feeder under test, the method further includes: sampling the circuit branch of the transmitted signal and sampling The time delay of the circuit branch of the reflected signal is calibrated to be consistent; or, the antenna feeder length equivalent to the time delay difference between the circuit branch of the transmitted signal and the circuit branch of the reflected signal is predetermined.
  • the determining the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna feeder to be tested according to the correspondence relationship includes:
  • a standing wave abnormal position detection system including:
  • the injection module is used to inject the transmit signal with a linear change in frequency into the antenna feeder to be tested;
  • a sampling module configured to sample the transmission signal and the reflection signal corresponding to the transmission signal reflected by the antenna feeder to be tested
  • a first determining module configured to determine the correspondence between the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal and the frequency of the transmitted signal
  • the second determining module is configured to determine the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna feeder under test according to the corresponding relationship.
  • the first determining module includes:
  • the superimposition sub-module is used to superimpose the normalized transmission signal and the reflected signal in the time domain to obtain a superimposed signal
  • the determining sub-module is configured to determine the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal according to the power of the superimposed signal.
  • the normalization sub-module is used to scale the amplitude of the reflected signal to the same amplitude as the amplitude of the transmitted signal; or the amplitude of the reflected signal and the transmitted signal The amplitudes are all scaled to the preset fixed amplitude.
  • system further includes:
  • the calibration module is used to calibrate the time delays of the circuit branch sampling the transmitted signal and the circuit branch sampling the reflected signal to be consistent; or,
  • the third determining module is configured to predetermine the antenna feeder length equivalent to the delay difference between the circuit branch of the transmitted signal and the circuit branch of the reflected signal.
  • the second determining module includes: a transform sub-module, which is used to perform Fourier transform on the corresponding relationship to obtain a distance representing the position where the reflected signal is generated on the antenna feeder to be tested.
  • a transform sub-module which is used to perform Fourier transform on the corresponding relationship to obtain a distance representing the position where the reflected signal is generated on the antenna feeder to be tested. The corresponding relationship between the distance of the radio frequency port of the antenna feeder to be tested and the standing wave ratio of the location;
  • the second determining sub-module is configured to determine the corresponding relationship between the distance from the radio frequency port of the antenna and feeder to be tested and the standing wave ratio of the position where the reflected signal is generated on the antenna and feeder to be tested The abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna and feeder to be tested.
  • a standing wave abnormal position detection device including: a frequency sweep signal device, a power distribution device, and a signal processing device, wherein:
  • the output end of the frequency sweep signal device is electrically connected to the input end of the power distribution device, and the frequency sweep signal device is used to generate a transmission signal with a linear change in frequency;
  • the first output end of the power distribution device is electrically connected to the radio frequency port of the antenna feeder to be tested, the second output end of the power distribution device is electrically connected to the first input end of the signal processing device, and the power distribution device It is used to separate a transmission signal from the transmission signal; or it is used to separate a transmission signal from the transmission signal and separate the reflection signal corresponding to the transmission signal from the mixed signal of the radio frequency port;
  • the second input end of the signal processing device is electrically connected to the radio frequency port or the third output end of the power distribution device, and the signal processing device is used for sampling the mixed signal from the radio frequency port and receiving the mixed signal from the mixed signal.
  • the reflected signal is separated from the power distribution device; or used to sample the reflected signal from the third output terminal of the power distribution device;
  • the signal processing device is also used to determine the corresponding relationship between the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal and the frequency of the transmitted signal; and according to the corresponding relationship, determine the standing wave abnormality of the antenna feeder under test position.
  • the power distribution device includes a power divider, wherein the input end of the power divider is electrically connected to the output end of the sweep signal device, and the first output of the power divider The terminal is electrically connected to the radio frequency port of the antenna feeder to be tested, and the second output port of the power divider is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the signal processing device.
  • the power distribution device includes a directional coupler, wherein the positive end of the directional coupler is electrically connected to the output end of the sweep signal device, and the forward end of the directional coupler The coupling end is electrically connected to the first input end of the signal processing device, the load end of the directional coupler is electrically connected to the radio frequency port, and the reverse coupling end of the directional coupler is electrically connected to the first input end of the signal processing device.
  • the two input terminals are electrically connected.
  • the power distribution device includes: a power distributor and a circulator, wherein:
  • the circulator has at least adjacent first, second, and third ends.
  • the first end of the circulator is electrically connected to the first output end of the power divider, and the second end is electrically connected to the first output end of the power distributor.
  • the radio frequency port is electrically connected, and the third end is electrically connected to the second input end of the signal processing device;
  • the input end of the power divider is electrically connected to the output end of the frequency sweep signal device, and the second output end of the power divider is electrically connected to the first input end of the signal processing device.
  • the signal processing device includes: an amplifier and/or attenuator, the amplifier and/or attenuator is used to scale the amplitude of the reflected signal to the same amplitude as the amplitude of the transmitted signal; Or both the amplitude of the reflected signal and the amplitude of the transmitted signal are scaled to a preset fixed amplitude.
  • the signal processing device includes: an analog-to-digital converter and a field programmable gate array, wherein,
  • the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter is electrically connected to the input terminal of the field programmable gate array, and the analog-to-digital converter is used for sampling the transmission signal and the reflection signal corresponding to the transmission signal;
  • the field programmable gate array is used to determine the corresponding relationship between the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal and the frequency of the transmitted signal; and according to the corresponding relationship, determine the standing wave of the antenna feeder under test Abnormal location.
  • the signal processing device includes: a combiner, a detector tube, an analog-to-digital converter, and a field programmable gate array, wherein,
  • the output end of the combiner is electrically connected to the input end of the detector tube, and the combiner is used to superimpose the scaled transmission signal and the reflected signal in the time domain to obtain a superimposed signal;
  • the output end of the detector tube is electrically connected to the input end of the analog-to-digital converter, and the detector tube is used to detect the power of the superimposed signal;
  • the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter is electrically connected to the input terminal of the field programmable gate array, and the analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the analog signal output by the detector tube into a digital signal;
  • the field programmable gate array is used to determine the corresponding relationship between the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal and the frequency of the transmitted signal according to the power of the superimposed signal corresponding to each transmitted signal; and according to the corresponding relationship , To determine the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna feeder to be tested.
  • the device further includes:
  • the delay circuit is connected in series with the circuit branch of the transmission signal and/or the circuit branch of the reflection signal, and is used to combine the circuit branch sampling the transmission signal and the circuit branch sampling the reflection signal
  • the delay calibration of the circuit branch is consistent; or,
  • a mismatched load is used to generate a reflected signal at the radio frequency port to predetermine the relationship between the circuit branch of the transmitted signal and the reflected signal based on the reflected signal generated by the mismatched load and the transmitted signal obtained by sampling.
  • the length of the antenna feeder line equivalent to the delay difference of the circuit branch.
  • the signal processing device further includes: a fast Fourier transform operation device, wherein the fast Fourier transform operation device is used to perform Fourier transform on the corresponding relationship to obtain the representation
  • a fast Fourier transform operation device is used to perform Fourier transform on the corresponding relationship to obtain the representation
  • the corresponding relationship between the distance from the radio frequency port of the antenna feeder to be tested and the standing wave ratio of the location determines the abnormal standing wave position of the antenna feeder to be tested.
  • a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned standing wave abnormal position detection method are realized.
  • Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting an abnormal position of a standing wave according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a standing wave abnormal position detection device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural block diagram of a standing wave abnormal position detection device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a first structural block diagram of the power distribution module 32 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a second structural block diagram of the power distribution module 32 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a third structural block diagram of the power distribution module 32 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a first structural block diagram of the signal processing module 33 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a second structural block diagram of the signal processing module 33 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a first structural diagram of a standing wave abnormal position detection device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a second structural diagram of the standing wave abnormal position detection device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a third structural diagram of a standing wave abnormal position detection device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a frequency interval-standing wave ratio curve of an embodiment of the present application.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.
  • a plurality of means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • everal means at least one, such as one, two, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting an abnormal position of a standing wave according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 1, the process includes the following steps:
  • Step S101 injecting a transmission signal with a linearly changing frequency into the antenna feeder to be tested
  • Step S102 sampling the transmitted signal and the transmitted signal corresponding to the reflected signal reflected by the antenna feeder to be tested;
  • Step S103 determining the correspondence between the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal and the frequency of the transmitted signal
  • Step S104 Determine the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna feeder to be tested according to the corresponding relationship.
  • the transmitted signal and the reflected signal After the transmitted signal is reflected at a fault location, the transmitted signal and the reflected signal have a phase difference. After the frequency of the transmitted signal changes linearly, the wavelength of the transmitted signal also changes. For the same fault point, the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal will change: the phase difference between the two will change with the linear change of the frequency.
  • L represents the distance between the anomalous position of the standing wave on the antenna feeder and the radio frequency port.
  • different fault locations will have their own periodic phase difference change correspondence. If the frequency-phase difference curve is used to represent the phase difference correspondence relationship of multiple fault locations, it will appear as multiple The superposition of sine wave curves with different ⁇ f as the period, then only needs to calculate the period of each sine wave curve to determine the abnormal position of each standing wave respectively.
  • steps S101 to S104 are used to inject the transmitted signal with linearly changing frequency into the antenna feeder to be tested; sample the transmitted signal and the transmitted signal corresponding to the reflected signal reflected by the antenna feeder to be tested; determine the phase of the transmitted signal and the reflected signal
  • the corresponding relationship between the difference and the frequency of the transmitted signal; according to the corresponding relationship, the standing wave abnormal position of the antenna feeder to be tested can be determined, which solves the problem that the standing wave abnormal position detection method in the related technology cannot detect multiple abnormal positions at the same time, and improves The efficiency of standing wave abnormal position detection.
  • the method of detecting the superimposed power of the transmitted signal and the reflected signal is adopted to reflect the change of the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal.
  • the amplitude of the reflected signal and the transmitted signal is normalized, that is, the amplitude of the reflected signal and the transmitted signal are normalized.
  • the amplitude of the signal is scaled to the same amplitude; the scaled transmitted signal and the reflected signal are superimposed in the time domain to obtain the superimposed signal; according to the power of the superimposed signal, the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal is determined.
  • the “same amplitude” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application includes: the amplitude is completely the same or the amplitude is approximately the same.
  • the transmit signal whose frequency linearly changes in the embodiment of the present application is preferably a single-tone signal or a multi-tone signal whose frequency continuously changes with a fixed increase or decrease.
  • the increase or decrease of the frequency linear change of the transmitted signal can be flexibly determined according to actual requirements and detection accuracy.
  • the power of the superimposed signal will also exhibit the same periodic periodic change. : If the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal is zero, the power of the superimposed signal reaches the maximum; if the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal is 180 degrees, the power of the superimposed signal reaches the weakest.
  • the power of the superimposed signal can be quickly detected in a variety of ways, and complex detection and calculation processes such as voltage and zero-crossing detection are not involved. Therefore, the above-mentioned method can simplify the calculation process of the phase difference.
  • the amplitude of the reflected signal can also be amplified to a suitable amplitude.
  • the advantage of this is that the sampling of the reflected signal no longer requires a high-precision instrument, which reduces the difficulty of detection when the reflected signal power is small.
  • the power of the transmitted signal and the reflected signal are adjusted to a unified standard, which is conducive to the mutual comparison between the power of the superimposed signal.
  • the amplitude of the reflected signal and/or the amplitude of the transmitted signal are adjusted so that the amplitudes of the two are the same.
  • the specific adjustment methods that can be adopted include: scaling the amplitude of the reflected signal to the same amplitude as the amplitude of the transmitted signal; Or both the amplitude of the reflected signal and the amplitude of the transmitted signal are scaled to a preset fixed amplitude.
  • the preset fixed amplitude is related to the power of the transmitted signal and the reflected signal obtained by sampling; in this embodiment, the purpose of scaling the amplitude of the transmitted signal and the reflected signal is to keep the power of the transmitted signal and the reflected signal consistent before superimposition.
  • one transmission signal when the transmission signal is sampled, one transmission signal can be separated from the transmission signal, and this transmission signal can be sampled for the separation of the transmission and reflection mixed signals sampled by the subsequent radio frequency port, and the separation of the mixed signal from the transmission signal.
  • the phase contrast of the reflected signal In this embodiment, one transmission signal can be separated from the transmission signal by the power divider, and the transmission signal can be sampled by the ADC analog-to-digital conversion circuit.
  • the mixed signal when sampling the reflected signal, can be sampled from the radio frequency port of the antenna feeder to be tested, and then the reflected signal corresponding to the transmitted signal can be separated from the mixed signal.
  • separating the reflected signal from the mixed signal can be achieved by using a circulator or a directional coupler; separating the reflected signal from the mixed signal can also be achieved by a subtractor.
  • a subtractor when a subtractor is used to separate the reflected signal from the mixed signal, the difference ratio between the transmitted signal and the transmitted signal on the radio frequency port can be calibrated, and the transmitted signal and the mixed signal can be compensated according to the difference ratio. Subtract the compensated transmission signal from the compensated mixed signal, and finally get the reflected signal.
  • the corresponding relationship is a periodic change in the form of a sine wave
  • you can directly Correspondence determine the period of the phase difference change; determine the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna feeder to be tested according to the period.
  • the corresponding relationship is periodic changes in the form of non-sine waves
  • Correspondence when determining the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna feeder under test based on the corresponding relationship, you can first perform component analysis on the corresponding relationship to obtain multiple corresponding relationships in the form of a sine wave with phase difference varying with frequency with different cycles; Then, the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna feeder to be tested is determined according to the period of the phase difference change in the multiple correspondences. In the above manner, a Fourier series can be used for component analysis to obtain multiple sine waves with different periods.
  • the standing wave abnormal position detection method provided in this embodiment can be used not only for the maintenance of antenna feeders, but also for factory inspection of antenna feeders. During the factory inspection of the antenna and feeder, if the reflected signal is not detected, or the power of the detected reflected signal is lower than the preset threshold, and there is no obvious periodic fluctuation, it indicates that there is no abnormal standing wave fault on the antenna and feeder .
  • the above-mentioned corresponding relationship (which can be expressed as a frequency-power curve or a frequency-phase difference curve) can be performed by Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT for short) ) Method to determine the periodic characteristics of each component in the above-mentioned corresponding relationship.
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transformation
  • the standing wave abnormal position of the antenna feeder to be tested is determined according to the corresponding relationship
  • Fourier transform is performed on the corresponding relationship to obtain the radio frequency of the antenna feeder to be tested from the location where the reflected signal is generated on the antenna feeder to be tested
  • the corresponding relationship between the distance of the port and the standing wave ratio of the position, wherein the position corresponding to the wave crest in the corresponding relationship is the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna feeder to be tested.
  • Method 1 The delay circuit is connected in series in the circuit branch sampling the transmitted signal and/or the circuit branch sampling the reflected signal, so that the delay calibration of the two circuit branches is consistent.
  • Method 2 Set a mismatched load capable of totally reflecting the transmitted signal at the radio frequency port, and determine the circuit branch and the transmitted signal in the same way as steps S101 to S104 based on the reflected signal and the transmitted signal sampled at this time.
  • the delay difference of the circuit branch of the reflected signal is equivalent to the length of the antenna feeder, and then the mismatched load is removed.
  • the equivalent antenna feeder length can be configured in a standing wave abnormal position detection system or a standing wave abnormal position detection device, so that the system or device can directly calculate the true abnormal position of the antenna feeder and display it to the user .
  • a standing wave abnormal position detection system is also provided, which is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred implementations, and what has been explained will not be repeated.
  • the term "module” or "sub-module”, etc. can be a combination of software and/or hardware that can implement predetermined functions.
  • the system described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented by software, implementation by hardware or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and conceived.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a standing wave abnormal position detection system according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the system includes: an injection module 21, coupled to the radio frequency port of the antenna feeder under test, for injecting frequency into the antenna feeder under test Linearly changing transmission signal; sampling module 22, coupled to the radio frequency port of the antenna feeder to be tested and the injection module 21, used to sample the transmitted signal and the transmitted signal corresponding to the reflected signal reflected by the antenna feeder to be tested; first determining module 23, coupling To the sampling module 22, it is used to determine the corresponding relationship between the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal and the frequency of the transmitted signal; the second determining module 24, coupled to the first determining module 23, is used to determine the antenna feeder to be tested according to the corresponding relationship The abnormal position of the standing wave.
  • the first determining module 23 includes: a normalization sub-module, used to normalize the amplitude of the reflected signal and the amplitude of the transmitted signal; the superimposition sub-module, coupled to the scaling sub-module, used to normalize The transformed transmission signal and the reflected signal are superimposed in the time domain to obtain a superimposed signal; the first determining sub-module, coupled to the superimposing sub-module, is used to determine the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal according to the power of the superimposed signal.
  • the normalization sub-module is used to scale the amplitude of the reflected signal to the same amplitude as the amplitude of the transmitted signal; or scale both the amplitude of the reflected signal and the amplitude of the transmitted signal to a preset fixed amplitude.
  • the system further includes: a calibration module for calibrating the time delays of the circuit branch for sampling the transmitted signal and the circuit branch for sampling the reflected signal to be consistent; or, a third determining module for pre-determining The length of the antenna feeder line equivalent to the delay difference between the circuit branch that transmits the signal and the circuit branch that reflects the signal.
  • the second determining module includes: a transform sub-module, which is used to perform Fourier transform on the corresponding relationship to obtain the distance between the position where the reflected signal is generated on the antenna feeder under test and the radio frequency port of the antenna feeder under test Correspondence with the standing wave ratio of the position; the second determining sub-module is used to indicate the correspondence between the distance from the radio frequency port of the antenna feeder to the antenna feeder to be measured and the standing wave ratio of the position according to the position where the reflected signal is generated on the antenna feeder to be measured Relationship to determine the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna and feeder to be tested.
  • a standing wave abnormal position detection device is also provided.
  • the standing wave abnormal position detection device is part of the many implementations of the standing wave abnormal position detection device, and the standing wave abnormal position detection device is compatible with In order to realize the method for detecting the abnormal position of the standing wave shown in FIG. 1, the description that has been made will not be repeated if there is no conflict.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram of a standing wave abnormal position detection device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the device includes: a frequency sweep signal device 31, a power distribution device 32, and a signal processing device 33, wherein the frequency sweep signal device
  • the output end of the power distribution device 31 is electrically connected to the input end of the power distribution device 32.
  • the frequency sweep signal device 31 is used to generate a transmission signal with a linear change in frequency; the first output end of the power distribution device 32 is electrically connected to the radio frequency port of the antenna feeder under test,
  • the second output terminal of the power distribution device 32 is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the signal processing device 33.
  • the power distribution device 32 is used to split a transmission signal from the transmission signal; or used to split a transmission signal from the transmission signal. And separate the reflected signal corresponding to the transmitted signal from the mixed signal of the radio frequency port; the second input end of the signal processing device 33 is electrically connected to the radio frequency port or the third output end of the power distribution device 32, and the signal processing device 33 is used for receiving the radio frequency
  • the port samples the mixed signal and separates the reflected signal from the mixed signal; or is used to sample the reflected signal from the third output end of the power distribution device 32; the signal processing device 33 is also used to determine the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal and the transmitted signal Correspondence of the frequency; and determine the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna feeder to be tested according to the correspondence.
  • the power distribution device 32 includes a power distributor 321, wherein the input end of the power distributor 321 is electrically connected to the output end of the sweep signal device 31, and the power distributor 321
  • the first output terminal is electrically connected to the radio frequency port of the antenna feeder to be tested, and the second output port of the power divider 321 is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the signal processing device 33.
  • the power distribution device 32 includes a directional coupler 322, wherein the positive end of the directional coupler 322 is electrically connected to the output end of the frequency sweep signal device 31, and the directional coupler 322
  • the forward coupling end of the directional coupler 322 is electrically connected to the first input end of the signal processing device 33
  • the load end of the directional coupler 322 is electrically connected to the radio frequency port
  • the reverse coupling end of the directional coupler 322 is electrically connected to the second input end of the signal processing device 33. Electric connection.
  • the power distribution device 32 includes: a power distributor 321 and a circulator 323, wherein the circulator 323 has at least adjacent first, second, and third ends, The first end of the circulator 323 is electrically connected to the first output end of the power distributor 321, the second end is electrically connected to the radio frequency port, and the third end is electrically connected to the second input end of the signal processing device 33; The input terminal is electrically connected to the output terminal of the frequency sweep signal device 31, and the second output terminal of the power divider 321 is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the signal processing device 33.
  • the isolation of the directional coupler is required to be higher, otherwise the transmitted signal at the forward end may leak to the reverse coupling end and interfere Reflected signal sampling, the reflected signal at the load end may also leak to the forward coupling end and interfere with the transmission signal sampling; the use of a circulator can well solve the problem of high isolation requirements for the directional coupler.
  • the purpose of this embodiment is to detect the phase difference rather than the power of the reflected signal, the power of the mixed signal can be compensated as needed when sampling the mixed signal; when the phase difference is determined by the power of the superimposed signal, the superimposed superposition The signal changes significantly as the frequency changes, so the isolation requirements for the circulator are also significantly reduced.
  • the signal processing device 33 includes: an amplifier 331 and/or an attenuator 332, the amplifier 331 and/or the attenuator 332 is used to scale the amplitude of the reflected signal to the same amplitude as the amplitude of the transmitted signal; or Both the amplitude of the reflected signal and the amplitude of the transmitted signal are scaled to a preset fixed amplitude.
  • the signal processing device 33 includes: an analog-to-digital converter 333 and a field programmable gate array 334, wherein the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 333 and the field programmable gate array 334 The input terminal is electrically connected, the analog-to-digital converter 333 is used to sample the transmission signal and the reflection signal corresponding to the transmission signal; the field programmable gate array 334 is used to determine the correspondence between the phase difference of the transmission signal and the reflection signal and the frequency of the transmission signal; And according to the corresponding relationship to determine the abnormal position of the standing wave of the antenna and feeder to be tested.
  • the signal processing device 33 includes: a combiner 335, a detector tube 336, an analog-to-digital converter 333, and a field programmable gate array 334, wherein the output terminal of the combiner 335 Electrically connected to the input end of the detector tube 336, the combiner 335 is used to superimpose the scaled transmission signal and the reflected signal in the time domain to obtain a superimposed signal; the output end of the detector tube 336 and the input end of the analog-to-digital converter 333 Electrically connected, the detector tube 336 is used to detect the power of the superimposed signal; the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 333 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the field programmable gate array 334, and the analog-to-digital converter 333 is used to transfer the analog signal output by the detector tube 336 Converted into a digital signal; the field programmable gate array 334 is used to determine the corresponding relationship between the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal
  • the device further includes: a delay circuit, the delay circuit is connected in series with the circuit branch of the transmitted signal and/or the circuit branch of the reflected signal, and is used to sample the circuit branch of the transmitted signal and sample the reflected signal.
  • the delay calibration of the circuit branch is consistent; or, the mismatched load is used to generate a reflected signal at the RF port, so as to pre-determine the circuit branch with the transmitted signal based on the reflected signal generated by the mismatched load and the transmitted signal obtained by sampling.
  • the delay difference between the circuit branch and the circuit branch of the reflected signal is equivalent to the length of the antenna feeder.
  • the signal processing device 33 further includes: a fast Fourier transform operation device, wherein the fast Fourier transform operation device is used to Fourier the frequency-phase difference correspondence relationship or the frequency-power correspondence relationship. Transformation to obtain the correspondence between the distance between the location of the antenna feeder to be tested and the RF port of the antenna feeder and the standing wave ratio of the location; according to the location of the antenna feeder to be tested that the reflected signal is generated from the location to be tested The corresponding relationship between the distance of the RF port of the antenna feeder and the standing wave ratio of the location is used to determine the abnormal standing wave position of the antenna feeder to be tested.
  • FIGs 9, 10 and 11 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the standing wave abnormal position detection equipment according to the preferred embodiment of the application.
  • the frequency sweep signal device 31 may be an MCU single-chip microcomputer 90, which generates The frequency sweep signal is amplified by the PLL phase-locked loop 92 and the amplifier 93 to form a transmission signal.
  • the mixer 94 and the local oscillator signal generator 95, or the mixers 94, 97 and the PLL phase-locked loop 96 can also be used to combine the radio frequency transmission signal. And the reflected signal is converted into an intermediate frequency signal.
  • the sweep signal is generated by the sweep signal generator, and two transmission signals are separated through the power divider, and one is sent to the antenna feeder through the radio frequency port 101.
  • the other is the local oscillator signal generator and the mixer, and the signal is mixed.
  • the IF signal is transmitted frequently, which is scaled by an amplifier or attenuator 99 to be sampled by the ADC analog-to-digital converter.
  • the transmitted signal is sent to the antenna feeder via the RF port, and the reflected signal is formed at the reflection point of the impedance imbalance, and returned to the RF port, coupled to a mixed signal of reflection and transmission, which is amplified by LNA 98 with low noise, and is mixed by the local oscillator signal generator.
  • the frequency converter is mixed to produce a mixed intermediate frequency signal, which is scaled by the amplifier or attenuator 100 to be sampled by the ADC analog-to-digital converter.
  • the ADC analog-to-digital converter samples the transmitted and mixed intermediate frequency signals at the same time, compensates according to the calibrated signal difference ratio, separates the transmitted signal and the reflected signal, and scales the reflected signal and the transmitted signal so that the amplitude of the two is close.
  • the amplitudes of the transmitted and reflected signals are added together to calculate the power of the superimposed signal. Record the value of the curve of the superimposed signal power changing with frequency during the entire frequency sweep phase. Perform FFT operation on the curve value to get the curve related to the distance and intensity of the signal reflection point, that is, the standing wave ratio curve of the antenna feeder.
  • Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the frequency interval-standing wave ratio curve obtained after FFT transformation.
  • the embodiment of the present application may provide a computer-readable storage medium for implementation.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions; when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, any one of the standing wave abnormal position detection methods in the foregoing embodiments is implemented.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments and implementations of the embodiments of the present application determine the abnormal position of the standing wave through the correspondence between the phase difference between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal and the frequency of the transmitted signal, which solves the problem of quickly finding multiple standing waves on the antenna feeder.
  • the problem of the location of the fault, the problem of excessively high requirements for the directional coupler during the reflected power detection process, and the problem of relatively small standing wave compared to the reflected power compared with the transmitting power, which makes the detection difficult, and multiple standing wave anomalies have been realized. Quick detection of location.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种驻波异常位置检测方法、设备及介质。其中，该方法包括：向待测天馈线注入频率线性变化的发射信号；采样发射信号和发射信号对应被待测天馈线反射的反射信号；确定发射信号和反射信号的相位差与发射信号的频率的对应关系；根据对应关系，确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。通过本申请的方案，解决了相关技术中驻波异常位置检测方法无法同时检测多个异常位置的问题，提高了驻波异常位置检测的效率。

Description

驻波异常位置检测方法、设备及介质
相关申请
本申请要求2019年8月28日申请的，申请号为201910802241.0，发明名称为“驻波异常位置检测方法、设备和介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信设备故障检测技术领域，特别是涉及一种驻波异常位置检测方法、设备和介质。
背景技术
在发射机的天馈线出现短连、开断或者阻抗不匹配等故障时，发射信号在故障点被反射回来形成与发射信号频率相同、传输方向相反的反射信号，发射信号与反射信号相互叠加而形成驻波，反射信号越强，则驻波比越大。利用这一现象，通过测量驻波比，可以检测出天馈线是否存在故障。
传统的基于反射信号功率的驻波检测方法，是将发射信号注入到天馈线上，然后分别检测发射信号的功率和反射信号的功率，并根据发射信号的功率与反射信号的功率的比值计算驻波比，从而判断天馈线是否存在故障。但是这种方法只能够检测出天馈线的整体驻波比，判断整条天馈线是否有驻波异常，无法定位天馈线中驻波异常的故障点位置。
相关技术中其他的驻波检测方法，例如基于延时的驻波异常位置检测方法，也只能够检测天馈线上驻波最大的位置，而无法同时检测多个异常位置，也无法体现整条天馈线随长度变化引起的驻波变化。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种驻波异常位置检测方法，所述方法包括：向待测天馈线注入频率线性变化的发射信号；采样所述发射信号和所述发射信号对应被所述待测天馈线反射的反射信号；确定所述发射信号和所述反射信号的相位差与所述发射信号的频率的对应关系；根据所述对应关系，确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
上述驻波异常位置检测方法具有以下优点：
采用向待测天馈线注入频率线性变化的发射信号；采样发射信号和发射信号对应被待测天馈线反射的反射信号；确定发射信号和反射信号的相位差与发射信号的频率的对应关系；根据对应关系，确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置的方式，解决了相关技术中驻波异常位置检测方法无法同时检测多个异常位置的问题，提高了驻波异常位置检测的效率。
在其中一个实施例中，所述确定所述发射信号和所述反射信号的相位差与所述发射信号的频率的对应关系包括：
归一化所述反射信号的幅度和所述发射信号的幅度；
将归一化后的所述发射信号和所述反射信号在时域中叠加，得到叠加信号；
根据所述叠加信号的功率确定所述发射信号与所述反射信号的相位差。
在其中一个实施例中，所述归一化所述反射信号的幅度和所述发射信号的幅度包括：
将所述反射信号的幅度缩放到与所述发射信号的幅度相同的幅度；或者将所述反射信号的幅度和所述发射信号的幅度都缩放到预设固定幅度。
在其中一个实施例中，采样所述发射信号包括：
从所述发射信号中分出一路发射信号，对该一路发射信号进行采样。
在其中一个实施例中，采样所述反射信号包括：
从所述待测天馈线的射频端口采样混合信号；
从所述混合信号中分离出所述发射信号对应的反射信号。
在其中一个实施例中，所述从所述混合信号中分离出所述发射信号对应的反射信号包括：
标定所述发射信号和所述射频端口上的发射信号的差值比例；
根据所述差值比例对所述发射信号和所述混合信号进行补偿；
将补偿后的所述混合信号减去补偿后的所述发射信号，得到所述反射信号。
在其中一个实施例中，在所述对应关系是以正弦波形态周期性变化的情况下，根据所述对应关系确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置包括：
根据所述对应关系确定所述相位差变化的周期；
根据所述周期确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
在其中一个实施例中，在所述对应关系是以非正弦波形态周期性变化的情况下，根据所述对应关系确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置包括：
对所述对应关系进行成分分析，得到相位差以正弦波形态、以不同周期随频率变化的多个对应关系；
分别根据所述多个对应关系中相位差变化的周期，计算所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置， 所述驻波异常位置的数量大于1个。
在其中一个实施例中，在采样所述发射信号和所述发射信号对应被所述待测天馈线反射的反射信号之前，所述方法还包括：将采样所述发射信号的电路支路和采样所述反射信号的电路支路的时延校准为一致；或者，预先确定与所述发射信号的电路支路和所述反射信号的电路支路的时延差等效的天馈线长度。
在其中一个实施例中，所述根据所述对应关系确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置包括：
对所述对应关系进行傅里叶变换，得到表示所述待测天馈线上生成所述反射信号的位置距所述待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的驻波比的对应关系；
根据表示所述待测天馈线上生成所述反射信号的位置距所述待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的驻波比的对应关系，确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
根据本申请的各种实施例，还提供一种驻波异常位置检测系统，包括：
注入模块，用于向待测天馈线注入频率线性变化的发射信号；
采样模块，用于采样所述发射信号和所述发射信号对应被所述待测天馈线反射的反射信号；
第一确定模块，用于确定所述发射信号和所述反射信号的相位差与所述发射信号的频率的对应关系；
第二确定模块，用于根据所述对应关系，确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一确定模块包括：
归一化子模块，用于归一化所述反射信号的幅度和所述发射信号的幅度；
叠加子模块，用于将归一化后的所述发射信号和所述反射信号在时域中叠加，得到叠加信号；
确定子模块，用于根据所述叠加信号的功率确定所述发射信号与所述反射信号的相位差。
在其中一个实施例中，所述归一化子模块，用于将所述反射信号的幅度缩放到与所述发射信号的幅度相同的幅度；或者将所述反射信号的幅度和所述发射信号的幅度都缩放到预设固定幅度。
在其中一个实施例中，所述系统还包括：
校准模块，用于将采样所述发射信号的电路支路和采样所述反射信号的电路支路的时延校准为一致；或者，
第三确定模块，用于预先确定与所述发射信号的电路支路和所述反射信号的电路支路的时延差等效的天馈线长度。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二确定模块包括：变换子模块，用于对所述对应关系进行傅里叶变换，得到表示所述待测天馈线上生成所述反射信号的位置距所述待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的驻波比的对应关系；
第二确定子模块，用于根据表示所述待测天馈线上生成所述反射信号的位置距所述待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的驻波比的对应关系，确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
根据本申请的各种实施例，还提供一种驻波异常位置检测设备，包括：扫频信号装置、功率分配装置、信号处理装置，其中，
所述扫频信号装置的输出端与所述功率分配装置的输入端电连接，所述扫频信号装置用于生成频率线性变化的发射信号；
所述功率分配装置的第一输出端与待测天馈线的射频端口电连接，所述功率分配装置的第二输出端与所述信号处理装置的第一输入端电连接，所述功率分配装置用于从所述发射信号中分出一路发射信号；或者用于从所述发射信号中分出一路发射信号以及从所述射频端口的混合信号中分离出所述发射信号对应的反射信号；
所述信号处理装置的第二输入端与所述射频端口或所述功率分配装置的第三输出端电连接，所述信号处理装置用于从所述射频端口采样混合信号并从所述混合信号中分离出所述反射信号；或者用于从所述功率分配装置的第三输出端采样所述反射信号；
所述信号处理装置还用于确定所述发射信号和所述反射信号的相位差与所述发射信号的频率的对应关系；以及根据所述对应关系，确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
在其中一个实施例中，所述功率分配装置包括：功率分配器，其中，所述功率分配器的输入端与所述扫频信号装置的输出端电连接，所述功率分配器的第一输出端与所述待测天馈线的射频端口电连接，所述功率分配器的第二输出端口与所述信号处理装置的第一输入端电连接。
在其中一个实施例中，所述功率分配装置包括：定向耦合器，其中，所述定向耦合器的正向端与所述扫频信号装置的输出端电连接，所述定向耦合器的正向耦合端与所述信号处理装置的第一输入端电连接，所述定向耦合器的负载端与所述射频端口电连接，所述定向耦合器的反向耦合端与所述信号处理装置的第二输入端电连接。
在其中一个实施例中，所述功率分配装置包括：功率分配器和环形器，其中，
所述环形器至少具有相邻的第一端、第二端和第三端，所述环形器的第一端与所述功率分配器的第一输出端电连接，所述第二端与所述射频端口电连接，所述第三端与所述信号处理装置的第二输入端电连接；
所述功率分配器的输入端与所述扫频信号装置的输出端电连接，所述功率分配器的第二输出端与所述信号处理装置的第一输入端电连接。
在其中一个实施例中，所述信号处理装置包括：放大器和/或衰减器，所述放大器和/或衰减器用于将所述反射信号的幅度缩放到与所述发射信号的幅度相同的幅度；或者将所述反射信号的幅度和所述发射信号的幅度都缩放到预设固定幅度。
在其中一个实施例中，所述信号处理装置包括：模数转换器和现场可编程门阵列，其中，
所述模数转换器的输出端与所述现场可编程门阵列的输入端电连接，所述模数转换器用于采样所述发射信号和与所述发射信号对应的反射信号；
所述现场可编程门阵列用于确定所述发射信号和所述反射信号的相位差与所述发射信号的频率的对应关系；以及根据所述对应关系，确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
在其中一个实施例中，所述信号处理装置包括：合路器、检波管、模数转换器和现场可编程门阵列，其中，
所述合路器的输出端与所述检波管的输入端电连接，所述合路器用于将缩放后的所述发射信号和所述反射信号在时域中叠加，得到叠加信号；
所述检波管的输出端与所述模数转换器的输入端电连接，所述检波管用于检测所述叠加信号的功率；
所述模数转换器的输出端与所述现场可编程门阵列的输入端电连接，所述模数转换器用于将所述检波管输出的模拟信号转换为数字信号；
所述现场可编程门阵列用于根据各发射信号对应的叠加信号的功率，确定所述发射信号和所述反射信号的相位差与所述发射信号的频率的对应关系；以及根据所述对应关系，确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
在其中一个实施例中，所述设备还包括：
延时电路，所述延时电路串联在所述发射信号的电路支路和/或所述反射信号的电路支路上，用于将采样所述发射信号的电路支路和采样所述反射信号的电路支路的时延校准为一致；或者，
失配负载，用于在所述射频端口产生反射信号，以根据所述失配负载产生的反射信号和采样得到的发射信号，预先确定与所述发射信号的电路支路和所述反射信号的电路支路的时延差等效的天馈线长度。
在其中一个实施例中，所述信号处理装置还包括：快速傅里叶变换运算装置，其中，所述快速傅里叶变换运算装置用于对所述对应关系进行傅里叶变换，得到表示所述待测天馈 线上生成所述反射信号的位置距所述待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的驻波比的对应关系；根据表示所述待测天馈线上生成所述反射信号的位置距所述待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的驻波比的对应关系，确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
根据本申请的各种实施例，还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述驻波异常位置检测方法的步骤。
附图说明
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些发明的实施例和/或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的发明、目前描述的实施例和/或示例以及目前理解的这些发明的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
图1是本申请实施例的驻波异常位置检测方法的流程图。
图2是本申请实施例的驻波异常位置检测装置的结构示意图。
图3是本申请实施例的驻波异常位置检测设备的结构框图。
图4是本申请实施例的功率分配模块32的结构框图一。
图5是本申请实施例的功率分配模块32的结构框图二。
图6是本申请实施例的功率分配模块32的结构框图三。
图7是本申请实施例的信号处理模块33的结构框图一。
图8是本申请实施例的信号处理模块33的结构框图二。
图9是本申请实施例的驻波异常位置检测设备的结构示意图一。
图10是本申请实施例的驻波异常位置检测设备的结构示意图二。
图11是本申请实施例的驻波异常位置检测设备的结构示意图三。
图12是本申请实施例的频率间隔-驻波比曲线的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本申请，为使本申请的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本申请的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本申请，附图中给出了本申请的较佳实施方式。但是，本申请可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施方式。相反地，提供这些实施方式的目的是使对本申请的公开内容理解的更加透彻全面。本申请能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本申请内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本申请不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。在本申请的描述中，“若干”的含义是至少一个，例如一个，两个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
图1为本申请实施例的驻波异常位置检测方法的流程图，如图1所示，该流程包括如下步骤：
步骤S101，向待测天馈线注入频率线性变化的发射信号；
步骤S102，采样发射信号和发射信号对应被待测天馈线反射的反射信号；
步骤S103，确定发射信号和反射信号的相位差与发射信号的频率的对应关系；
步骤S104，根据对应关系，确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
发射信号在一个故障位置被反射之后，发射信号和反射信号具有相位差。在发射信号的频率线性变化后，发射信号的波长也发生变化，对于同一个故障点而言，发射信号和反射信号的相位差会发生变化：二者相位差随着频率的线性变化而以频率间隔Δf为周期发生变化，并形成正弦波形态的相位变化波形；由于频率f与波长λ存在固定的关系波速c＝λf，因此根据Δf即可确定驻波异常位置：
L＝c/Δf，
其中L表示天馈线上驻波异常位置距离射频端口的距离。同样地，在存在多个故障位置时，不同的故障位置都会产生各自周期的相位差变化对应关系，如果使用频率-相位差曲线表示多个故障位置的相位差的对应关系，将表现为多条以不同Δf为周期的正弦波曲线的叠加，那么只需要计算各条正弦波曲线的周期就可以分别确定各个驻波异常位置。
由此可见，采用上述步骤S101～步骤S104，向待测天馈线注入频率线性变化的发射信号；采样发射信号和发射信号对应被待测天馈线反射的反射信号；确定发射信号和反射信号的相位差与发射信号的频率的对应关系；根据对应关系，就能够确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置，解决了相关技术中驻波异常位置检测方法无法同时检测多个异常位置的问题，提高了驻波异常位置检测的效率。
对于相位差的测量可以采用任意已知的测量方式，例如：过零检测法、电压测量法等， 但是这些检测方法都面临需要检测的数据过多，计算过程复杂的问题。在本实施例中，为了避免上述问题，而采用了通过检测发射信号和反射信号的叠加功率的方式来反映发射信号和反射信号的相位差的变化。在其中一个实施例中，在步骤S103中确定发射信号和反射信号的相位差与发射信号的频率的对应关系时，归一化处理反射信号和发射信号的幅度，即将反射信号的幅度和发射信号的幅度缩放到相同幅度；将缩放后的发射信号的和反射信号在时域中叠加，得到叠加信号；根据叠加信号的功率，确定发射信号与反射信号的相位差。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中所称的“相同幅度”包括：幅度完全相同或者幅度大致相同。本申请实施例中的频率线性变化的发射信号优选为频率以固定的增幅或者降幅持续变化的单音信号或者多音信号。并且，发射信号的频率线性变化的增幅或者降幅可以根据实际需求和检测精度灵活确定。
在上述实施例中，将归一化后的发射信号和反射信号在时域中叠加后，发射信号和反射信号的相位差周期性变化时，叠加信号的功率也将呈现相同周期的周期性变化：如果发射信号和反射信号的相位差为零，那么叠加信号的功率达到最大；如果发射信号和反射信号的相位差为180度，那么叠加信号的功率达到最弱。叠加信号的功率可以通过多种方式快速检测，也不涉及到电压、过零检测等复杂的检测和计算过程，因此上述方式可以简化相位差的计算过程。
在相关技术的基于反射信号功率的驻波检测方法中，在面临反射信号的功率很小的情况下，驻波比检测会出现很大的误差。然而在本实施例的上述方式中，由于仅需关注发射信号和反射信号相位差之间的关系，发射信号的实际功率并不影响二者的相位差，因此即使在反射信号功率很小的情况下，也可以将反射信号的幅度放大到合适的幅度，这样做的好处是对反射信号的采样不再需要高精度的仪器，降低了反射信号功率很小的情况下检测难度大的问题。
由于采用了叠加信号的功率作为相位差变化的表征形式，因此将发射信号和反射信号的功率调整到统一的标准，有利于叠加信号功率之间的相互比较。在其中一个实施例中，调整反射信号的幅度和/或发射信号的幅度，使二者幅度相同，具体可采用的调整方式包括：将反射信号的幅度缩放到与发射信号的幅度相同的幅度；或者将反射信号的幅度和发射信号的幅度都缩放到预设固定幅度。其中，预设固定幅度与采样得到的发射信号、反射信号的功率有关；在本实施例中缩放发射信号和反射信号的幅度的目的是使得叠加之前的发射信号和反射信号的功率保持一致。
在其中一个实施例中，采样发射信号时，可以从发射信号中分出一路发射信号，对该一路发射信号进行采样，以用于后续射频端口采样到的发射、反射混合信号的分离，以及与 反射信号的相位对比。在本实施例中可以通过功率分配器从发射信号中分出一路发射信号，并通过ADC模数转换电路采样发射信号。
在其中一个实施例中，采样反射信号时，可以从待测天馈线的射频端口采样混合信号，然后再从混合信号中分离出发射信号对应的反射信号。
由于发射信号和反射信号的传播方向不同，因此从混合信号中分离出反射信号，可以使用环形器或者定向耦合器实现；从混合信号中分离反射信号也可以通过减法器实现。在其中一个实施例中，在使用减法器从混合信号中分离反射信号时，可以通过标定发射信号和射频端口上的发射信号的差值比例，根据差值比例对发射信号和混合信号进行补偿，将补偿后的混合信号减去补偿后的发射信号的方式，最后得到反射信号。
在对应关系是以正弦波形态周期性变化的情况下，表明天馈线上的驻波故障位置的数量为1个，此时根据对应关系确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置时，可以直接根据对应关系，确定相位差变化的周期；根据周期确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
在对应关系是以非正弦波形态周期性变化的情况下，表明天馈线上的驻波故障位置的数量为多个，多个周期不同的正弦波相互叠加形成了非正弦波形态周期性变化的对应关系。在这种情况下，根据对应关系确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置时，可以先对对应关系进行成分分析，得到相位差以正弦波形态、以不同周期随频率变化的多个对应关系；然后分别根据多个对应关系中相位差变化的周期，确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。在上述方式中可以采用傅里叶级数进行成分分析，以得到周期不同的多个正弦波。
本实施例提供的驻波异常位置检测方法不仅可以用于天馈线的检修，还可以用于天馈线的出厂检测。在进行天馈线的出厂检测时，如果检测不到反射信号，或者检测到的反射信号的功率低于预设门限，且没有呈现出明显的周期性波动，则表明天馈线上没有驻波异常故障。
为了能够更快速地确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置，可以通过对上述的对应关系(可以表现为频率-功率曲线或频率-相位差曲线)进行快速傅立叶变换(Fast Fourier Transformation，简称为FFT)的方式，确定上述对应关系中的各个成分的周期特征。在其中一个实施例中，根据对应关系确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置时，对对应关系进行傅里叶变换，得到表示待测天馈线上生成反射信号的位置距待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的驻波比的对应关系，其中，该对应关系中的波峰对应的位置为待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
研究过程中发现，由于采样发射信号的电路支路和采样反射信号的电路支路上的电路器件并不完全相同，因此可能导致两条电路支路有不同的时延，导致发射信号和采样信号具有初始的相位差；由于该初始的相位差的存在，将导致根据发射信号和发射信号的相位差的 周期性变化确定的天馈线的异常位置的偏移。为了解决这一问题，在本实施例中采取两种方法来解决天馈线的异常位置的偏移问题。
方法一：通过在采样发射信号的电路支路和/或采样反射信号的电路支路中串联延时电路，以使两个电路支路的时延校准为一致。
方法二：通过在射频端口设置能够将发射信号全反射的失配负载，以根据此时采样到的反射信号和发射信号，采用步骤S101～步骤S104相同的方式确定与发射信号的电路支路和反射信号的电路支路的时延差等效的天馈线长度，然后再将失配负载卸除。在将来根据步骤S101～步骤S104确定天馈线的异常位置时，将异常位置距离射频端口的距离减去该等效的天馈线长度，即为真实的天馈线的异常位置。可选地，可以将该等效的天馈线长度配置在驻波异常位置检测系统或者驻波异常位置检测设备中，以使得系统或者设备能够直接计算出真是的天馈线的异常位置并显示给用户。
在本实施例中还提供了一种驻波异常位置检测系统，该系统用于实现上述实施例及优选实施方式，已经进行过说明的不再赘述。如以下所使用的，术语“模块”或者“子模块”等可以实现预定功能的软件和/或硬件的组合。尽管以下实施例所描述的系统较佳地以软件来实现，但是硬件，或者软件和硬件的组合的实现也是可能并被构想的。
图2为本申请实施例的驻波异常位置检测系统的示意图，如图2所示，该系统包括：注入模块21，耦合至待测天馈线的射频端口，用于向待测天馈线注入频率线性变化的发射信号；采样模块22，耦合至待测天馈线的射频端口和注入模块21，用于采样发射信号和发射信号对应被待测天馈线反射的反射信号；第一确定模块23，耦合至采样模块22，用于确定发射信号和反射信号的相位差与发射信号的频率的对应关系；第二确定模块24，耦合至第一确定模块23，用于根据对应关系，确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
在其中一个实施例中，第一确定模块23包括：归一化子模块，用于归一化反射信号的幅度和发射信号的幅度；叠加子模块，耦合至缩放子模块，用于将归一化后的发射信号和反射信号在时域中叠加，得到叠加信号；第一确定子模块，耦合至叠加子模块，用于根据叠加信号的功率确定发射信号与反射信号的相位差。
在其中一个实施例中，归一化子模块用于将反射信号的幅度缩放到与发射信号的幅度相同的幅度；或者将反射信号的幅度和发射信号的幅度都缩放到预设固定幅度。
在其中一个实施例中，系统还包括：校准模块，用于将采样发射信号的电路支路和采样反射信号的电路支路的时延校准为一致；或者，第三确定模块，用于预先确定与发射信号的电路支路和反射信号的电路支路的时延差等效的天馈线长度。
在其中一个实施例中，第二确定模块包括：变换子模块，用于对对应关系进行傅里叶 变换，得到表示待测天馈线上生成反射信号的位置距待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的驻波比的对应关系；第二确定子模块，用于根据表示待测天馈线上生成反射信号的位置距待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的驻波比的对应关系，确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
在本实施例还提供了一种驻波异常位置检测设备，该驻波异常位置检测设备是驻波异常位置检测装置的诸多实现方式中的部分实现方式，且该驻波异常位置检测设备与用于实现图1所示的驻波异常位置检测方法，已经进行过的描述，在不冲突的情况下将不再赘述。
图3为本申请实施例的驻波异常位置检测设备的结构框图，如图3所示，该设备包括：扫频信号装置31、功率分配装置32和信号处理装置33，其中，扫频信号装置31的输出端与功率分配装置32的输入端电连接，扫频信号装置31用于生成频率线性变化的发射信号；功率分配装置32的第一输出端与待测天馈线的射频端口电连接，功率分配装置32的第二输出端与信号处理装置33的第一输入端电连接，功率分配装置32用于从发射信号中分出一路发射信号；或者用于从发射信号中分出一路发射信号以及从射频端口的混合信号中分离出发射信号对应的反射信号；信号处理装置33的第二输入端与射频端口或功率分配装置32的第三输出端电连接，信号处理装置33用于从射频端口采样混合信号并从混合信号中分离出反射信号；或者用于从功率分配装置32的第三输出端采样反射信号；信号处理装置33还用于确定发射信号和反射信号的相位差与发射信号的频率的对应关系；以及根据对应关系确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
如图4所示，在其中一个实施例中，功率分配装置32包括：功率分配器321，其中，功率分配器321的输入端与扫频信号装置31的输出端电连接，功率分配器321的第一输出端与待测天馈线的射频端口电连接，功率分配器321的第二输出端口与信号处理装置33的第一输入端电连接。
如图5所示，在其中一个实施例中，功率分配装置32包括：定向耦合器322，其中，定向耦合器322的正向端与扫频信号装置31的输出端电连接，定向耦合器322的正向耦合端与信号处理装置33的第一输入端电连接，定向耦合器322的负载端与射频端口电连接，定向耦合器322的反向耦合端与信号处理装置33的第二输入端电连接。
如图6所示，在其中一个实施例中，功率分配装置32包括：功率分配器321和环形器323，其中，环形器323至少具有相邻的第一端、第二端和第三端，环形器323的第一端与功率分配器321的第一输出端电连接，第二端与射频端口电连接，第三端与信号处理装置33的第二输入端电连接；功率分配器321的输入端与扫频信号装置31的输出端电连接，功率分配器321的第二输出端与信号处理装置33的第一输入端电连接。
在图4至图6所示的功率分配装置32中，采用定向耦合器分离反射信号时，对定向耦合器的隔离度要求较高，否则正向端的发射信号可能泄漏到反向耦合端而干扰反射信号采样，负载端的反射信号也有可能泄漏到正向耦合端而干扰发射信号采样；而采用环形器就能够很好地解决定向耦合器隔离度要求高的问题。另外，由于本实施例的目的在于检测相位差而不是反射信号的功率，因此在采样混合信号时可以根据需要对混合信号进行功率补偿；在通过叠加信号的功率确定相位差时，叠加后的叠加信号的随着频率的变化会发生显著变化，因此对于环形器的隔离要求也显著降低了。
在其中一个实施例中，信号处理装置33包括：放大器331和/或衰减器332，放大器331和/或衰减器332用于将反射信号的幅度缩放到与发射信号的幅度相同的幅度；或者将反射信号的幅度和发射信号的幅度都缩放到预设固定幅度。
如图7所示，在其中一个实施例中，信号处理装置33包括：模数转换器333和现场可编程门阵列334，其中，模数转换器333的输出端与现场可编程门阵列334的输入端电连接，模数转换器333用于采样发射信号和与发射信号对应的反射信号；现场可编程门阵列334用于确定发射信号和反射信号的相位差与发射信号的频率的对应关系；以及根据对应关系确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
如图8所示，在其中一个实施例中，信号处理装置33包括：合路器335、检波管336、模数转换器333和现场可编程门阵列334，其中，合路器335的输出端与检波管336的输入端电连接，合路器335用于将缩放后的发射信号和反射信号在时域中叠加，得到叠加信号；检波管336的输出端与模数转换器333的输入端电连接，检波管336用于检测叠加信号的功率；模数转换器333的输出端与现场可编程门阵列334的输入端电连接，模数转换器333用于将检波管336输出的模拟信号转换为数字信号；现场可编程门阵列334用于根据各发射信号对应的叠加信号的功率，确定发射信号和反射信号的相位差与发射信号的频率的对应关系；以及根据对应关系确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
在其中一个实施例中，设备还包括：延时电路，延时电路串联在发射信号的电路支路和/或反射信号的电路支路上，用于将采样发射信号的电路支路和采样反射信号的电路支路的时延校准为一致；或者，失配负载，用于在射频端口产生反射信号，以根据失配负载产生的反射信号和采样得到的发射信号，预先确定与发射信号的电路支路和反射信号的电路支路的时延差等效的天馈线长度。
在其中一个实施例中，信号处理装置33还包括：快速傅里叶变换运算装置，其中，快速傅里叶变换运算装置用于对频率-相位差对应关系或者频率-功率对应关系进行傅里叶变换，得到表示待测天馈线上生成反射信号的位置距待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的 驻波比的对应关系；根据表示待测天馈线上生成反射信号的位置距待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的驻波比的对应关系，确定待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
图9、图10和图11为本申请优选实施例的驻波异常位置检测设备的结构示意图，如图9、图10和图11所示，扫频信号装置31可以为MCU单片机90，生成的扫频信号经过PLL锁相环92、放大器93放大后形成发射信号。
为了能够让信号处理装置33更好地处理发射信号和反射信号，还可以采用混频器94和本振信号发生器95，或者混频器94、97和PLL锁相环96将射频的发射信号和反射信号转换为中频信号。
具体而言，由扫频信号发生器产生扫频信号，经过功率分配器分出两路发射信号，一路经过射频端口101发送到天馈线上，一路由本振信号发生器和混频器，混频出发射中频信号，经过放大器或衰减器99缩放，以待ADC模数转换器采样。发射信号经由射频端口发送天馈线上，在阻抗失衡的反射点处形成反射信号，回到射频端口，耦合成反射和发射的混合信号，由LNA 98低噪放大，并由本振信号发生器和混频器，混频出混合中频信号，经过放大器或衰减器100缩放，以待ADC模数转换器采样。ADC模数转换器同时对发射和混合中频信号进行采样，根据标定的信号差值比例进行补偿，分离出发射信号和反射信号，缩放反射信号和发射信号，使得两者幅度接近，在时域对发射和反射信号的幅度相加，计算叠加信号的功率。记录在整个扫频阶段过程中，叠加信号功率随着频率变化的曲线数值。对曲线数值进行FFT运算，可得到与信号反射点距离和强度相关的曲线，即天馈线的驻波比曲线。
图12示出了经过FFT变换后得到的频率间隔-驻波比曲线的示意图，通过公式L＝c/Δf即可将该曲线的横轴转换为射频端口到驻波故障位置的距离，从而得到射频端口到驻波故障位置的距离-驻波比曲线；曲线中波峰对应的位置即表示驻波故障位置。
另外，结合上述实施例中的驻波异常位置检测方法，本申请实施例可提供一种计算机可读存储介质来实现。该计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序指令；该计算机程序指令被处理器执行时实现上述实施例中的任意一种驻波异常位置检测方法。
综上所述，本申请实施例的上述实施例和实施方式，通过发射信号和反射信号的相位差与发射信号频率的对应关系，确定驻波异常位置，解决了天馈线快速查找多个驻波故障位置的问题，反射功率检测过程中对定向耦合器要求过高的问题，以及驻波比较小时反射功率与发射功率相比过小而导致检测难度较大的问题，实现了多个驻波异常位置的快速检测。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种驻波异常位置检测方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
    向待测天馈线注入频率线性变化的发射信号；
    采样所述发射信号和所述发射信号对应被所述待测天馈线反射的反射信号；
    确定所述发射信号和所述反射信号的相位差与所述发射信号的频率的对应关系；
    根据所述对应关系确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定所述发射信号和所述反射信号的相位差与所述发射信号的频率的对应关系包括：
    归一化所述反射信号的幅度和所述发射信号的幅度；
    将归一化后的所述发射信号和所述反射信号在时域中叠加，得到叠加信号；
    根据所述叠加信号的功率确定所述发射信号与所述反射信号的相位差。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述归一化所述反射信号的幅度和所述发射信号的幅度包括：
    将所述反射信号的幅度缩放到与所述发射信号的幅度相同的幅度；或者将所述反射信号的幅度和所述发射信号的幅度都缩放到预设固定幅度。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，采样所述发射信号包括：
    从所述发射信号中分出一路发射信号，对该一路发射信号进行采样。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，采样所述反射信号包括：
    从所述待测天馈线的射频端口采样混合信号；
    从所述混合信号中分离出所述发射信号对应的反射信号。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述从所述混合信号中分离出所述发射信号对应的反射信号包括：
    标定所述发射信号和所述射频端口上的发射信号的差值比例；
    根据所述差值比例对所述发射信号和所述混合信号进行补偿；
    将补偿后的所述混合信号减去补偿后的所述发射信号，得到所述反射信号。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述对应关系是以正弦波形态周期性变化的情况下，根据所述对应关系确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置包括：
    根据所述对应关系确定所述相位差变化的周期；
    根据所述周期确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
  8. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述对应关系是以非正弦波形态周期性变化的情况下，根据所述对应关系确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置包括：
    对所述对应关系进行成分分析，得到相位差以正弦波形态、以不同周期随频率变化的多个对应关系；
    分别根据所述多个对应关系中相位差变化的周期，确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置，所述驻波异常位置的数量大于1个。
  9. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在采样所述发射信号和所述发射信号对应被所述待测天馈线反射的反射信号之前，所述方法还包括：
    将采样所述发射信号的电路支路和采样所述反射信号的电路支路的时延校准为一致；或者，预先确定与所述发射信号的电路支路和所述反射信号的电路支路的时延差等效的天馈线长度。
  10. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述对应关系确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置包括：
    对所述对应关系进行傅里叶变换，得到表示所述待测天馈线上生成所述反射信号的位置距所述待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的驻波比的对应关系；
    根据表示所述待测天馈线上生成所述反射信号的位置距所述待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的驻波比的对应关系，确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
  11. 一种驻波异常位置检测设备，其特征在于包括：扫频信号装置、功率分配装置和信号处理装置，其中，
    所述扫频信号装置的输出端与所述功率分配装置的输入端电连接，所述扫频信号装置用于生成频率线性变化的发射信号；
    所述功率分配装置的第一输出端与待测天馈线的射频端口电连接，所述功率分配装置的第二输出端与所述信号处理装置的第一输入端电连接，所述功率分配装置用于从所述发射信号中分出一路发射信号；或者用于从所述发射信号中分出一路发射信号以及从所述射频端口的混合信号中分离出所述发射信号对应的反射信号；
    所述信号处理装置的第二输入端与所述射频端口或所述功率分配装置的第三输出端电连接，所述信号处理装置用于从所述射频端口采样混合信号并从所述混合信号中分离出所述反射信号；或者用于从所述功率分配装置的第三输出端采样所述反射信号；
    所述信号处理装置还用于确定所述发射信号和所述反射信号的相位差与所述发射信号的频率的对应关系；以及根据所述对应关系确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的设备，其特征在于，所述功率分配装置包括：功率分配器，其中，所述功率分配器的输入端与所述扫频信号装置的输出端电连接，所述功率分配器的第一输出端与所述待测天馈线的射频端口电连接，所述功率分配器的第二输出端口与所述信号 处理装置的第一输入端电连接。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的设备，其特征在于，所述功率分配装置包括：定向耦合器，其中，所述定向耦合器的正向端与所述扫频信号装置的输出端电连接，所述定向耦合器的正向耦合端与所述信号处理装置的第一输入端电连接，所述定向耦合器的负载端与所述射频端口电连接，所述定向耦合器的反向耦合端与所述信号处理装置的第二输入端电连接。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的设备，其特征在于，所述功率分配装置包括：功率分配器和环形器，其中，
    所述环形器至少具有相邻的第一端、第二端和第三端，所述环形器的第一端与所述功率分配器的第一输出端电连接，所述第二端与所述射频端口电连接，所述第三端与所述信号处理装置的第二输入端电连接；
    所述功率分配器的输入端与所述扫频信号装置的输出端电连接，所述功率分配器的第二输出端与所述信号处理装置的第一输入端电连接。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的设备，其特征在于，所述信号处理装置包括：放大器和/或衰减器，所述放大器和/或衰减器用于将所述反射信号的幅度缩放到与所述发射信号的幅度相同的幅度；或者将所述反射信号的幅度和所述发射信号的幅度都缩放到预设固定幅度。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的设备，其特征在于，所述信号处理装置包括：模数转换器和现场可编程门阵列，其中，
    所述模数转换器的输出端与所述现场可编程门阵列的输入端电连接，所述模数转换器用于采样所述发射信号和所述发射信号对应被所述待测天馈线反射的反射信号；
    所述现场可编程门阵列用于确定所述发射信号和所述反射信号的相位差与所述发射信号的频率的对应关系；以及根据所述对应关系确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的设备，其特征在于，所述信号处理装置包括：合路器、检波管、模数转换器和现场可编程门阵列，其中，
    所述合路器的输出端与所述检波管的输入端电连接，所述合路器用于将缩放后的所述发射信号和所述反射信号在时域中叠加，得到叠加信号；
    所述检波管的输出端与所述模数转换器的输入端电连接，所述检波管用于检测所述叠加信号的功率；
    所述模数转换器的输出端与所述现场可编程门阵列的输入端电连接，所述模数转换器用于将所述检波管输出的模拟信号转换为数字信号；
    所述现场可编程门阵列用于根据各发射信号对应的叠加信号的功率，确定所述发射信号和所述反射信号的相位差与所述发射信号的频率的对应关系；以及根据所述对应关系确定所 述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
  18. 根据权利要求11至17中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述设备还包括：
    延时电路，所述延时电路串联在所述发射信号的电路支路和/或所述反射信号的电路支路上，用于将采样所述发射信号的电路支路和采样所述反射信号的电路支路的时延校准为一致；或者，
    失配负载，用于在所述射频端口产生反射信号，以根据所述失配负载产生的反射信号和采样得到的发射信号，预先确定与所述发射信号的电路支路和所述反射信号的电路支路的时延差等效的天馈线长度。
  19. 根据权利要求11至17中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述信号处理装置还包括：快速傅里叶变换运算装置，其中，所述快速傅里叶变换运算装置用于对所述对应关系进行傅里叶变换，得到表示所述待测天馈线上生成所述反射信号的位置距所述待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的驻波比的对应关系；根据表示所述待测天馈线上生成所述反射信号的位置距所述待测天馈线的射频端口的距离与该位置的驻波比的对应关系，确定所述待测天馈线的驻波异常位置。
  20. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序指令，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序指令被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法。
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