WO2021017602A1 - 海上风电直流并网系统平台 - Google Patents

海上风电直流并网系统平台 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021017602A1
WO2021017602A1 PCT/CN2020/092986 CN2020092986W WO2021017602A1 WO 2021017602 A1 WO2021017602 A1 WO 2021017602A1 CN 2020092986 W CN2020092986 W CN 2020092986W WO 2021017602 A1 WO2021017602 A1 WO 2021017602A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
platform
grid
offshore wind
wind power
auxiliary
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2020/092986
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
詹长江
魏旭东
于海波
高彪
汪涛
方太勋
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NR Electric Co Ltd
NR Engineering Co Ltd
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NR Electric Co Ltd
NR Engineering Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2021017602A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021017602A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/70—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation
    • E05F15/71—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation responsive to temperature changes, rain, wind or noise
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/70—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation
    • E05F15/72—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation responsive to emergency conditions, e.g. fire
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J4/00—Circuit arrangements for mains or distribution networks not specified as AC or DC; Circuit arrangements for mains or distribution networks combining AC and DC sections or sub-networks
    • H02J4/20—Networks integrating separated AC and DC power sections
    • H02J4/25—Networks integrating separated AC and DC power sections for transfer of electric power between AC and DC networks, e.g. for supplying the DC section within a load from an AC mains system
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

Definitions

  • This application belongs to the field of power system transmission, and mainly relates to a gallery bridge, and an offshore wind power DC grid-connected system platform for arranging wind power DC grid-connected systems using this bridge bridge.
  • AC and DC There are two ways to send electricity from offshore wind farms to the land grid: AC and DC.
  • the AC transmission method uses power frequency AC submarine cables to send wind power to land. This kind of transmission scheme has simple structure and low cost, and is mainly suitable for transmission from offshore wind farms.
  • the offshore wind power resources are broader and more stable.
  • offshore wind farms are gradually developing in the direction of the deep sea.
  • the AC transmission method of wind power will gradually lose its cost performance as the power loss, the difficulty of reactive power compensation and the overall cost increase, and the DC transmission method becomes the preferred option.
  • the DC transmission method converts wind power AC power into DC power through a converter, and sends it to the shore converter station with low loss by means of DC submarine cable, and then converts DC to AC to the grid.
  • the DC transmission method especially the flexible DC transmission method, also has strong fault ride-through, fault isolation capabilities and better stability. It can also achieve voltage and frequency control of offshore wind farms. And other comprehensive controls to improve the quality of the entire wind power grid connection.
  • the existing typical schemes of offshore wind power DC grid-connected system platforms all adopt single-platform design schemes.
  • the existing technical schemes have the following defects: (1) Adopting single-platform scheme design, the platform is large and stable; (2) With With the further increase of system capacity, the volume of offshore platforms has increased sharply, and the cost and construction difficulty will increase significantly; (3) The distance between the platform and the shore is getting farther, and there will be people staying from time to time.
  • the single-platform design cannot physically remove the personnel.
  • the activity area is separated from the equipment area. There is a risk of fire or explosion in the converter valve transformer and oil-containing equipment of the AC field, which poses a threat to the personal safety of operators.
  • This application aims to provide a wind power DC grid-connected system platform.
  • the platform is divided into a main system sub-platform and an auxiliary system sub-platform, and is electrically and physically connected through a gallery bridge.
  • This application provides an offshore wind power DC grid-connected system platform, including: a main system sub-platform, including a grid-connected system and power transmission and conversion equipment; an auxiliary system sub-platform, which is independent of the main system sub-platform and includes supporting auxiliary Equipment; one or more bridges connecting the main system sub-platform and the auxiliary system sub-platform, and the bridge bridges physically and electrically connect the main system sub-platform and the auxiliary system sub-platform.
  • the covered bridge includes: a pedestrian passage; fire doors, installed at both ends of the pedestrian passage, for blocking the pedestrian passage and the main system sub-platform, the pedestrian passage and the auxiliary system sub-platform, and pipeline passages , Installed below the pedestrian passage to connect the main system sub-platform and the auxiliary system sub-platform; cable channel installed below the pedestrian passage to electrically connect the main system sub-platform and the auxiliary system sub-platform; There is a fireproof partition between the cable channel and the pedestrian channel and the pipeline channel respectively.
  • the fire door includes a temperature sensor and/or a smoke sensor, and is connected in communication with the switch of the fire door, and the temperature sensor senses a preset threshold temperature or the smoke sensor When a preset threshold smoke concentration is sensed, a closing signal is sent to the fire door switch to close the fire door.
  • the fire door further includes a fire sprinkler, and the fire sprinkler is installed on the top of the fire door.
  • the fire sprinkler is in communication connection with the temperature sensor and/or the smoke sensor, and the temperature sensor senses a preset threshold temperature or the smoke sensor senses a preset threshold temperature.
  • the threshold smoke concentration is reached, a trigger signal is sent to the fire sprinkler to open the fire sprinkler.
  • the auxiliary system sub-platform and the aforementioned pipeline are connected to each other through a detachable flange.
  • the auxiliary system sub-platform is connected with the detachable steel cable of the above-mentioned pedestrian passage and connected with the detachable aviation plug of the above-mentioned cable passage.
  • the grid-connected system and the electric power transmission and conversion equipment bring the electric power collected by the offshore wind farm to a high-voltage stable DC state, and transmit it to the underground cable for transmission.
  • the grid-connected system in the main system sub-platform includes: a direct current submarine cable, an alternating current submarine cable, a direct current bus and a confluence bus.
  • the power transmission conversion equipment includes: a connecting transformer, a voltage source converter, and system safety auxiliary equipment.
  • the connecting transformer is a three-winding transformer or a four-winding transformer, and one winding of the three-winding transformer or the four-winding transformer passes through the cable channel of the bridge to be all on the auxiliary system sub-platform. Said supporting auxiliary equipment provides power.
  • the grid-connected system platform includes an AC switchgear and a DC switchgear.
  • the AC switchgear and the DC switch are located at the bus bar and the DC bus, respectively.
  • the AC switchgear and the DC switchgear are air-insulated open-type devices or gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear.
  • the supporting auxiliary equipment includes: seawater treatment and cooling equipment, auxiliary power supply equipment, HVAC equipment, maintenance equipment, human pods, and escape equipment. These devices can be used by working candidates for work and life.
  • the offshore DC grid-connected wind power system has a variety of equipment connection methods according to different usage conditions, no matter which method, the grid-connected system with high risk factor set in this invention can be used.
  • the main platform is separated from the personnel living and working area, and isolation measures are set up between the two platforms to achieve lower cost, lower construction difficulty and ensure personnel safety on the basis of completing the original wind power generation current conversion and transportation purpose the goal.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the plan layout of the first layer equipment in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the plan layout of the second layer equipment in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the plan layout of the third layer equipment in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 4 is a front sectional view of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a left sectional view of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the gallery bridge in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 7 is an A-A sectional view of the gallery bridge in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 3 are schematic top views of the planar layout of the first, second, and third layer devices in the first embodiment of the present application, respectively.
  • Fig. 4 is a front sectional view of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a left sectional view of the first embodiment.
  • 6 and 7 are schematic diagrams of the gallery bridge, in which Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the gallery bridge, and Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the gallery bridge A-A.
  • the offshore wind power DC grid-connected system platform disclosed in this embodiment includes a main system sub-platform A, an auxiliary system sub-platform B, and a bridge C.
  • the main system sub-platform A includes grid-connected systems and power transmission and conversion equipment.
  • the auxiliary system sub-platform is independent of the main system sub-platform and includes the equipment required for the life and work of the personnel.
  • One or more bridges connect the main system sub-platform and the auxiliary system sub-platform, that is, in this embodiment, the main system sub-platform A and the auxiliary system sub-platform B are connected by two bridges C.
  • the bridge connects the main system sub-platform and the auxiliary system sub-platform physically and electrically.
  • the number of bridges can be determined according to the actual system platform conditions, and it is not a limitation of this embodiment here.
  • the main system sub-platform A is for easy wiring, and can be composed of multiple layers of equipment planes.
  • the figure shows a three-layer equipment plane and is designed for unmanned use.
  • the offshore grid-connected auxiliary system sub-platform B is designed for manned personnel, that is, the personnel working and living areas are set on the offshore grid-connected auxiliary system sub-platform.
  • the "multi-layer device plane" mentioned in the main system sub-platform A is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.
  • the first layer of equipment includes 220kv AC submarine cable A1 and DC cable A7.
  • the 220kv AC submarine cable A1 is installed in two parts: one is installed on the side of the main system sub-platform A, and the wind power Field connection, for the collected initial current to pass; part of it is installed on the first-layer equipment platform for the AC current in the system to pass.
  • the DC cable A7 needs to be installed on the other side of a certain distance from the 220kv AC submarine cable A1 to facilitate the laying of the system circuit.
  • the AC cable A1 and the DC cable A7 can provide AC and DC currents respectively.
  • the second layer equipment of the sub-platform A of the offshore grid-connected main system includes a voltage source converter A5 and a DC bus A6.
  • the voltage source converter A5 is a device for AC and DC conversion composed of single or multiple converter bridges.
  • the DC bus A6 can be used to collect and pass DC current.
  • the voltage source converter A5 and the DC bus A6 can be arranged side by side. The figure shows two each.
  • the third-tier equipment of the sub-platform A of the offshore grid-connected main system includes AC busbar A2, high-voltage shunt reactor A3, transformer A4, and control protection and auxiliary equipment A8.
  • the return bus A2 has a large flux and can be used as the main circuit in the parallel circuit to collect current.
  • the high-voltage shunt reactor A3 has multiple functions to improve the reactive power-related operating conditions of the power system.
  • Transformer A4 is a commonly used device that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to change the AC voltage.
  • the control protection and auxiliary equipment A8 mainly plays the role of protecting the normal operation of auxiliary equipment.
  • This embodiment is a 1000MW+ scale offshore wind power DC grid-connected system platform, and its AC end is connected to three 300MW offshore wind farms.
  • the power of these three offshore wind farms is respectively sent to the sub-platform A of the offshore grid-connected main system through a 220kV AC submarine cable A1, and is boosted and converged to the confluence bus A2 through the transformer A4.
  • the voltage source converter A5 takes power from the AC bus A2 and converts it to DC
  • it passes through the high-voltage shunt reactor A3 and control protection and auxiliary equipment A8 to make the current reach a stable state, and then sends it out through the DC bus A6 and the DC submarine cable A7 To land.
  • the high-voltage shunt reactor A3 can improve the operating state of the reactive power of the power system, that is, play the role of reactive power compensation and stabilize current
  • control protection and auxiliary equipment A8 can provide over-current protection.
  • AC busbar A2 and DC busbar A6 on the sub-platform A of the offshore grid-connected main system can be equipped with AC field switchgear and DC field switchgear to realize system input, exit, state conversion, isolation, and maintenance functions; Air-insulated open equipment or gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear can be used to ensure that the switch is not corroded and safe.
  • the transformer A4 uses a two-winding transformer or a three-winding transformer or a four-winding transformer. Except for the third winding as a backup power source, the others are all used for wind power generation current transmission. And the transformer A4 and the voltage source converter A5 use oil-immersed air cooling or seawater cooling to ensure safe temperature.
  • the connection between the busbar A2 and the voltage source converter A5 adopts a cable or a gas insulated metal enclosed power transmission line.
  • the offshore grid-connected auxiliary system sub-platform B includes seawater treatment and cooling equipment B1, auxiliary power equipment B2, HVAC equipment B3, maintenance equipment B4, manned pod B5, escape equipment B6, and escape equipment B7.
  • the above equipment can provide certain daily necessities for the staff on the auxiliary system sub-platform B, such as drinking water, power supply and heating needs. It also provides equipment necessary for maintenance and at least three escape devices.
  • the auxiliary power supply of the auxiliary power supply device B2 can be obtained from the third winding of the transformer A4, or by setting a separate auxiliary power supply transformer on the busbar A2.
  • the facilities on the auxiliary system sub-platform B can be changed as needed according to the number of staff.
  • Each gallery bridge includes pedestrian passage C1, fire door C2, fire sprinkler equipment C3, pipeline passage C4, cable passage C5, and at least one layer of fire isolation Device C6.
  • the bridge C and the auxiliary system sub-platform B adopt a detachable connection.
  • the cable is a prefabricated cable
  • the cable connector is a prefabricated plug.
  • the cable is transferred at the disconnect point through the aviation plug.
  • Pedestrian passage C1 and auxiliary system sub-platform B are physically fixed and detachably connected with steel cables. Flange connection at pipe joints. When a fire occurs, untie the fixed connection between the pedestrian passage C1 and the auxiliary system sub-platform B, disconnect the pipe flanges, and separate the gallery bridge C and the auxiliary system sub-platform B.
  • the pipeline channel C4 and the cable channel C5 are located below the pedestrian channel C1.
  • the pipeline channel C4 and the cable channel C5 are parallel, with a fire partition C6 in the middle.
  • the cable channel C5 is used to connect the electrical connection of the two platforms.
  • the auxiliary power supply on the sub-platform of the auxiliary system needs to be obtained from the transformer on the sub-platform of the main system.
  • a cable channel needs to be set on the bridge.
  • the pipeline channel C4 is used for circulating cooling water. As long as the positions of the pipeline channel C4 and the cable channel C5 are below the pedestrian channel, the electrical connection and pipeline connection of the two platforms are sufficient, and the specific positions should not be used as a limitation to this embodiment.
  • fire doors C2 are located at both ends of the pedestrian passage C1, and are used to block the pedestrian passage C1 and the main system sub-platform A, and the pedestrian passage C1 and the auxiliary system sub-platform B.
  • the fire door C2 includes a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor (at least one of the two types of sensors), and is connected to the switch of the fire door C2 in communication.
  • the fire door C2 can be controlled manually or automatically.
  • the specific automatic control method is as follows. When the temperature sensor senses a preset threshold temperature or the smoke sensor senses a preset threshold smoke concentration, it sends a close signal to the fire door C2 switch to close the fire door.
  • the predetermined threshold temperature and threshold smoke concentration are both values well known to those skilled in the art when a fire occurs.
  • the top of the fire door also includes a fire sprinkler C3, which is connected to the temperature sensor and the smoke sensor in communication.
  • the temperature sensor senses the preset threshold temperature, or the smoke sensor senses the preset threshold smoke concentration, it will automatically start the fire sprinkler C3 and spray water to the fire door C2.
  • the fire door C2 has the effect of extinguishing fire and cooling. This setting can ensure that personnel on the auxiliary system sub-platform are not injured when the main system sub-platform experiences an oil fire accident.
  • This embodiment isolates the main platform of the oil-containing grid-connected system with a high risk factor from the living and working area of the personnel, and sets up isolation measures between the two platforms to ensure better safety on the basis of completing the original collection of wind power currents .
  • the offshore DC grid-connected wind power system has a variety of equipment connection methods depending on the use situation, but no matter which method, the personnel working and living area set in this invention can be separated from the oil-containing main system platform. In order to achieve lower cost, lower difficulty and guarantee the purpose of personnel arrangement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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Abstract

一种用于海上风电场的海上风电直流并网系统平台，包括主系统子平台（A）、辅助系统子平台（B）、一个或多个廊桥（C）。主系统子平台（A）包括并网系统及电力输送转化设备。辅助系统子平台（B）包括支持性辅助设备。廊桥（C）对两个平台进行物理连接和电连接，且该廊桥（C）具有防火功能。该方案通过技术整合和优化，将原有大型海上平台拆分为两个容易施工的子平台，减少了单个海上平台的尺寸大小，降低了单个平台的重量，降低了制造成本与海上施工难度；且将人员生活工作区域设置在并网辅助系统子平台（B）上，与并网系统主平台部分之间设立隔离措施，具有更好的安全性。

Description

海上风电直流并网系统平台 技术领域
本申请属于电力系统输电领域，主要涉及一种廊桥，和应用此廊桥的用于布置风电直流并网系统的海上风电直流并网系统平台。
背景技术
海上风电场的电力送往陆地电网有交流和直流两种方式。交流传输方式使用工频交流海底电缆将风电电能送往陆地。这种传输方案结构简单，成本较低，主要适用于近海风电场送出。
远海风电资源更为广阔稳定，为获取更多的海上风能资源,海上风电场逐渐向深远海方向发展。当风电场距离岸边超过60km、进入广义的远海区域时，风电交流送出方式将随着电能损耗、无功补偿难度和整体造价的提升而逐渐丧失性价比，直流输电方式则成为优选项。直流输电方式通过换流器将风电交流电能变换为直流电能，借助直流海缆以较低的损耗送到岸边变流站，再从直流变换为交流接入电网。采用直流输送方式、特别是柔性直流输电方式除了损耗小、传输容量大之外，还具备很强的故障穿越、故障隔离能力和更好的稳定性，同时还能实现海上风电场电压、频率控制等综合控制，提升整个风电并网质量。
目前已有的海上风电直流并网系统平台典型方案均采用单平台设计方案，现有技术方案存在如下缺陷：(1)采用单平台方案设计，平台体积大且稳定性一般；(2)随着系统容量的进一步提升，海上平台体量骤增，造价与施工难度将显著增加；(3)平台离岸距离越来越远，不定时会有人员驻留，单平台设计无法从物理上将人员活动区和设备区分开，换流阀变压器和交流场含油设备存在失火或爆炸风险，对运行人员人身安全存在威胁。
发明内容
本申请旨在提供一种风电直流并网系统平台。该平台分为主系统子平台和辅助系统子平台，并通过廊桥进行电连接和物理连接。将人员生活工作区域设置在并网辅助系统子平台上，与并网系统主平台部分之间设立隔离措施。可达到提升安全性。
本申请提供一种海上风电直流并网系统平台，包括：主系统子平台，包括并网系统及电力输送转化设备；辅助系统子平台，与所述主系统子平台彼此独立，并包括支持性辅助设备；一个或多个廊桥，连接所述主系统子平台和所述辅助系统子平台，所述廊桥对所述主系统子平台和所述辅助系统子平台进行物理连接和电连接。
所述廊桥包括：人行通道；防火门，安装于人行通道两端，用于阻断所述人行通道与所述主系统子平台，所述人行通道与所述辅助系统子平台；管路通道，安装于人行通道以下，连接所述主系统子平台和所述辅助系统子平台；电缆通道，安装于人行通道以下，对所述主系统子平台和所述辅助系统子平台进行电连接；所述电缆通道分别与所述人行通道、所述管路通道之间具有防火隔断。
根据本申请一些实施例，防火门包括温度感应器和/或烟雾感应器，并与所述防火门的开关通信连接，在所述温度感应器感应到预设的阈值温度或所述烟雾感应器感应到预设的阈值烟雾浓度时，向所述防火门开关发送关闭信号，以使所述防火门关闭。
根据本申请一些实施例，防火门还包括消防喷淋口，所述消防喷淋口安装于防火门顶部。
根据本申请一些实施例，消防喷淋口与所述温度传感器和/或所述烟雾传感器通信连接，在所述温度感应器感应到预设的阈值温度或所述烟雾感应器感应到预设的阈值烟雾浓度时，向所述消防喷淋口发送触发信号，以使所述消防喷淋口开启。
根据本申请一些实施例，辅助系统子平台与上述管道通过可拆卸法兰彼此连接。
根据本申请一些实施例，辅助系统子平台与上述人行通道可拆卸钢索 连接，与上述电缆通道可拆卸航空插头连接。
所述并网系统和所述电力输送转化设备将海上风电场采集到的电力，达到高压稳定直流状态，并输送至地下电缆进行传输。
所述主系统子平台中的所述并网系统包括：直流海缆、交流海缆、直流母线和汇流母线。
所述电力输送转化设备包括：连接变压器、电压源型换流器以及系统安全辅助设备。
可选地，所述连接变压器为三绕组变压器或四绕组变压器，所述三绕组变压器或四绕组变压器中的一个绕组通过所述廊桥的所述电缆通道为所述辅助系统子平台上的所述支持性辅助设备提供电力。
可选地，所述并网系统平台包括交流开关设备和直流开关设备所述交流开关设备和所述直流开关位置分别在所述汇流母线和所述直流母线。
可选地，所述交流开关设备和所述直流开关设备为空气绝缘敞开式设备或者气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备。
所述支持性辅助设备包括：海水处理及冷却设备，辅助电源设备，暖通设备，维护设备以及人吊舱，逃生设备。这些设备可供工作人选工作生活使用。
根据一些实施例，虽然海上直流并网风电系统的根据使用情况的不同，存在多种设备连接方式，但无论哪一种方式，都可以采用此发明中所设置的将危险系数高的并网系统主平台和人员生活工作区区域隔离，并在两平台间设立隔离措施的方式，以达到在完成原有风力发电电流转化运输目的的基础上，实现造价更低，施工难度下降和保证人员安全的目标。
附图说明
下面结合附图说明说明本发明的具体实施方式。说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。
图1是第一实施例中第一层设备的平面布置示意图。
图2是第一实施例中第二层设备的平面布置示意图。
图3是第一实施例中第三层设备的平面布置示意图。
图4是第一实施例的主视剖视图。
图5是第一实施例的左视剖视图。
图6是第一实施例中廊桥的示意图。
图7是第一实施例中廊桥的A-A剖面图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本申请的具体实施方式进行更加详细的说明，以便能够更好地理解本发明的方案以及各个方面的优点。然而，以下描述的具体实施方式和实施例仅是说明的目的，而不是对本申请的限制。
第一实施例
图1、图2、图3、图4和图5是本申请的第一实施例的海上风电直流并网系统平台的示意图。其中，图1、图2、图3分别是本申请的第一实施例中第一、二、三层设备的平面布置俯视示意图。图4是第一实施例的主视剖视图。图5是第一实施例的左视剖视图。6和图7是廊桥的示意图，其中图6廊桥的示意图，图7是廊桥的A-A剖面图。
如图4所示，本实施例公开的海上风电直流并网系统平台包括主系统子平台A、辅助系统子平台B和廊桥C。主系统子平台A包括并网系统及电力输送转化设备。辅助系统子平台，与主系统子平台彼此独立，并包括人员生活工作所需设备。一个或多个廊桥，连接主系统子平台和辅助系统子平台，即在本实施例中主系统子平台A和辅助系统子平台B通过两个廊桥C连接。廊桥对主系统子平台和辅助系统子平台进行物理连接和电连接。廊桥的数量可根据实际系统平台情况而定，此处不为对本实施例的限制。
如图4和图5所示，主系统子平台A为方便排线，可由多层设备平面构成，图示为三层设备平面，并按无人化设计。海上并网辅助系统子平台B按有人值守设计，即人员工作和生活区域设置在海上并网辅助系统子平台上。其中主系统子平台A中提到的“多层设备平面”仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方 位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
如图1和图5所示，第一层设备包括220kv交流海缆A1和直流线缆A7。220kv交流海缆A1分为两部分安装：一部分安装在主系统子平台A的一侧，与风电场相连，供采集到的初始电流通过；一部分安装在第一层设备平台上，供系统内的交流电流通过。直流线缆A7需安装在离220kv交流海缆A1一定距离的另一侧，以方便系统电路铺设。交流线缆A1和直流线缆A7可分别供交流和直流电流通过。
如图2和图5所示，海上并网主系统子平台A第二层设备包括电压源型换流器A5和直流母线A6。电压源型换流器A5是由单个或多个换流桥组成的进行交、直流转换的设备。直流母线A6可供直流电流汇集通过。电压源型换流器A5和直流母线A6可设置多个并排放置，图示为各两个。
如图3和图5所示，海上并网主系统子平台A第三层设备包括交流汇流母线A2、高压并联电抗器A3、变压器A4和控制保护及辅助设备A8。回流母线A2具有大的通量，可作为并联电路中的主线路，起到汇集电流作用。高压并联电抗器A3具有改善电力系统无功功率有关运行状况的多种功能。变压器A4是常用的利用电磁感应原理改变交流电压的装置。控制保护及辅助设备A8主要起到保护辅助装置正常运行的作用。
该系统运行原理如下，本实施例为1000MW+规模的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其交流端连接了3个300MW的海上风电场。工作时，这3个海上风电场的电力各分别通过220kV交流海缆A1送入海上并网主系统子平台A，通过变压器A4升压汇流到汇流母线A2。电压源型换流器A5从交流母线A2取电并转换为直流后，经过高压并联电抗器A3和控制保护及辅助设备A8，使电流达到稳定状态，再通过直流母线A6及直流海缆A7送出至陆地。其中，高压并联电抗器A3可以改善电力系统无功功率的运行状态，即起到无功补偿、稳定电流的作用，控制保护及辅助设备A8可以提供过电保护等作用。
需要注意的是，海上并网主系统子平台A上的交流汇流母线A2和直流汇流母线A6可配置交流场开关设备和直流场开关设备，实现系统投入、退出、状态转换、隔离、检修功能；并可采用空气绝缘敞开式设备或者气体 绝缘金属封闭开关设备，以保证开关不受腐蚀和安全性。
变压器A4使用双绕组变压器或三绕组变压器或四绕组变压器。除去作为备用电源的第三绕组，其他均使用于风力发电电流传输。且变压器A4和电压源型换流器A5使用油浸风冷方式或者海水冷却方式，以保证安全温度。汇流母线A2与电压源型换流器A5之间的连接采用电缆或者气体绝缘金属封闭输电线路。
如图1和图4所示，海上并网辅助系统子平台B包括海水处理及冷却设备B1，辅助电源设备B2，暖通设备B3，维护设备B4以及有人吊舱B5，逃生设备B6，逃生设备B7。以上设备可以提供辅助系统子平台B上的工作人员某些生活必需物资，如饮用水、电力供应和取暖需求。也提供了设备维护必须装置及至少三个逃生装置。其中辅助电源设备B2的辅助电源电力可从变压器A4的第三绕组获得，或者通过在汇流母线A2上设置单独的辅助电源变压器获得。辅助系统子平台B上设施可根据工作人员的数量而按需要更改。
如图6和图7所示，廊桥C有两条，每一廊桥包括人行通道C1、防火门C2，消防喷淋设备C3，管路通道C4，电缆通道C5，和至少一层防火隔离装置C6。
如图6和图7所示，廊桥C和辅助系统子平台B之间采用可脱离连接的方式。本实施例中，电缆为预制电缆，电缆接头为预制式插头。电缆通过航空插头在脱离点转接。当火灾发生需要断开电缆时，快速脱离电缆的航空插头即可。人行通道C1与辅助系统子平台B钢索式物理固定可拆卸连接。管道接头处法兰连接。当火灾发生时，解开人行通道C1和辅助系统子平台B的固定连接，断开管道法兰，使廊桥C和辅助系统子平台B分离。当然，廊桥C和辅助系统子平台B之间还可以存在多种连接方法，只要在火灾发生时，能使两者分离即可，在此不一一举例。
如图6和图7所示，管路通道C4和电缆通道C5位于人行通道C1下方。人行通道C1电缆通道C5之间具有防火隔断C6,。在本实施例中，管路通道C4和电缆通道C5平行，中间有防火隔断C6。电缆通道C5用于连接两个平台的电气连接，如辅助系统子平台上的辅助电源需要从主系统子平台上的 变压器获得，此时需要在廊桥上设置电缆通道。管路通道C4用于循环冷却水。管路通道C4和电缆通道C5的位置只要在人行通道以下，对两个平台实行电连接和管路连接即可，具体位置不应作为对本实施例的限制。
如图6所示，防火门C2位于人行通道C1两端，用于阻断人行通道C1与主系统子平台A，人行通道C1与辅助系统子平台B。防火门C2包括温度感应器和烟雾感应器(两种感应器至少有一种)，并与防火门C2的开关通信连接。防火门C2可由人工或者自动控制。具体自动控制方法如下，在温度感应器感应到预设的阈值温度或烟雾感应器感应到预设的阈值烟雾浓度时，向防火门C2开关发送关闭信号，以使防火门关闭。其中，预定的阈值温度和阈值烟雾浓度均为火灾发生时的本领域人员熟知的数值。
如图7所示，防火门顶部还包括消防喷淋设备C3，并与温度感应器和烟雾感应器通信连接。当火灾发生的时候，温度感应器感应到预设的阈值温度，或烟雾感应器感应到预设的阈值烟雾浓度时，自动开始消防喷淋设备C3，喷洒水至防火门C2。防止防火门C2因温度过高而失效，起到灭火和降温的效果。此设置可以在主系统子平台经历油火事故时，保证辅助系统子平台上的人员不受伤害。
本实施例将危险系数高的含油的并网系统主平台和人员生活工作区区域隔离，并在两平台间设立隔离措施，在完成原有采集风力发电电流基础上，保证了更好的安全性。
需要说明的是海上直流并网风电系统的根据使用情况的不同，存在多种设备连接方式，但无论哪一种方式，都可以采用此发明中所设置的人员工作生活区域与含油主系统平台分开的方式以达到造价更低，难度下降和保证人员安排的目的。
最后应说明的是：显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其他不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引申的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之中。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种海上风电直流并网系统平台，包括：
    主系统子平台，包括并网系统及电力输送转化设备；
    辅助系统子平台，与所述主系统子平台彼此独立，并包括支持性辅助设备；
    一个或多个廊桥，连接所述主系统子平台和所述辅助系统子平台，所述廊桥对所述主系统子平台和所述辅助系统子平台进行物理连接和电连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其中所述廊桥包括：
    人行通道；
    防火门，安装于人行通道两端，用于阻断所述人行通道与所述主系统子平台，所述人行通道与所述辅助系统子平台；
    管路通道，安装于人行通道以下，连接所述主系统子平台和所述辅助系统子平台；
    电缆通道，安装于人行通道以下，对所述主系统子平台和所述辅助系统子平台进行电连接，所述电缆通道分别与所述人行通道、所述管路通道之间具有防火隔断。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其中所述防火门包括温度感应器和/或烟雾感应器，并与所述防火门的开关通信连接，在所述温度感应器感应到预设的阈值温度或所述烟雾感应器感应到预设的阈值 烟雾浓度时，向所述防火门开关发送关闭信号，以使所述防火门关闭。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其中所述防火门还包括消防喷淋口，所述消防喷淋口安装于防火门顶部。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其中所述消防喷淋口与所述温度传感器和/或所述烟雾传感器通信连接，在所述温度感应器感应到预设的阈值温度或所述烟雾感应器感应到预设的阈值烟雾浓度时，向所述消防喷淋口发送触发信号，以使所述消防喷淋口开启。
  6. 如权利要求2-5中任一项所述的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其中所述辅助系统子平台与所述管道通过可拆卸法兰彼此连接。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其中所述辅助系统子平台与所述人行通道可拆卸物理连接，与所述电缆通道可拆卸航空插头连接。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其中所述并网系统和所述电力输送转化设备将海上风电场采集到的电力，达到高压稳定直流状态，并输送至地下电缆进行传输。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其中所述的并网系统包括：所述并网系统包括：直流海缆、交流海缆、直流母线和汇流母线。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其中所述电 力输送转化设备包括：连接变压器、电压源型换流器以及系统安全辅助设备。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其中所述连接变压器为三绕组变压器或四绕组变压器。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其中所述三绕组变压器或四绕组变压器中的一个绕组通过所述廊桥的所述电缆通道为所述辅助系统子平台上的所述支持性辅助设备提供电力。
  13. 如权利要求8所述的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其中所述并网系统平台包括交流开关设备和直流开关设备，所述交流开关设备和所述直流开关位置分别在所述汇流母线和所述直流母线。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其中所述交流开关设备和所述直流开关设备为空气绝缘敞开式设备或者气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备。
  15. 如权利要求1所述的海上风电直流并网系统平台，其中所述支持性辅助设备包括：海水处理及冷却设备，辅助电源设备，暖通设备，维护设备以及人吊舱，逃生设备。
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