WO2021013154A1 - 光伏跟踪支架及偏心补偿装置 - Google Patents

光伏跟踪支架及偏心补偿装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021013154A1
WO2021013154A1 PCT/CN2020/103329 CN2020103329W WO2021013154A1 WO 2021013154 A1 WO2021013154 A1 WO 2021013154A1 CN 2020103329 W CN2020103329 W CN 2020103329W WO 2021013154 A1 WO2021013154 A1 WO 2021013154A1
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Prior art keywords
compensation device
elastic
rotating body
flexible member
wheel
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PCT/CN2020/103329
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭家宝
刘霄
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上海摩昆新能源科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021013154A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021013154A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
    • G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an eccentricity compensation device, which is particularly suitable for photovoltaic tracking brackets.
  • the flat single-axis tracking bracket is one of the most commonly used photovoltaic array brackets. Since the bracket can track changes in the azimuth of the sun during the day, the total annual power generation of photovoltaic modules using the flat single-axis tracking bracket is required. Compared with the photovoltaic modules with the best fixed angle bracket, the total annual power generation is 15%-25% higher.
  • the center of rotation of the tracking rotating part of the flat single-axis tracking bracket is at or below the center of the main beam section. Since photovoltaic modules are generally installed on the main beam, the center of gravity of the section of the rotating part of the tracking bracket is often not at the center of rotation. Therefore, the tracking bracket needs to overcome the additional torque caused by the eccentricity during tracking driving, which brings certain difficulties to the design and manufacture of the driving device of the tracking bracket.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an eccentricity compensation device, which can be used for a photovoltaic tracking bracket and can overcome the additional torque caused by eccentricity.
  • the present invention provides an eccentricity compensation device for a rotating body, comprising a supporting device, an elastic piece, a flexible piece and a connecting piece.
  • the elastic piece is supported by the supporting device, and the supporting device allows the elastic piece to stretch and deform ,
  • the head end of the flexible member is connected to the elastic member in transmission and the end is connected to the connecting member.
  • the connecting member is used to connect the rotating body and follow the rotating body to rotate; wherein, the connecting member follows the When the rotating body rotates, the connecting member pulls the elastic member through the flexible member, forcing the elastic member to generate an elastic force, and by means of the elastic force, the rotating body is balanced because the center of gravity does not coincide with the center line of rotation Additional torque generated.
  • the supporting device is a sleeve
  • the elastic member is accommodated in the sleeve, and is guided by the sleeve to perform elastic deformation.
  • the sleeve includes a fixed plate and a movable plate, the elastic member is sandwiched between the fixed plate and the movable plate, and the head end of the flexible member is connected to the movable plate , Acting on the elastic member by pulling the movable plate.
  • the flexible member passes through the elastic member and passes through the fixing plate before being connected to the connecting member.
  • a pair of guide wheels is installed on the outer side of the fixed plate, the flexible part passes through the pair of guide wheels, and then is connected to the connecting member, and the movable plate is connected to the pair of guide wheels.
  • the flexible member between is maintained in the direction of expansion and contraction of the elastic member.
  • the elastic member is a coil spring.
  • the connecting member is a fan-shaped wheel
  • the outer periphery of the fan-shaped wheel is formed with a wheel groove
  • the end of the flexible member is fixed on the fan-shaped wheel.
  • the flexible member passes through the wheel groove from the center of the cross section of the wheel groove at the center of the length of the wheel groove, and is fixed on the sector wheel.
  • the connecting member is a straight rod
  • the end of the straight rod has a rope hole
  • the end of the flexible member is fixed on the straight rod through the rope hole.
  • the present invention also provides a photovoltaic tracking support, comprising a rotating body and a column, the rotating body is rotatably supported by the column, and the above-mentioned eccentric compensation device is installed on the column.
  • the above-mentioned eccentricity compensation device is particularly suitable for photovoltaic tracking brackets, which can effectively overcome the additional torque caused by eccentricity and compensate the eccentricity during the rotation of the rotating part.
  • the above-mentioned eccentric compensation device enables the photovoltaic tracking bracket to effectively offset the additional torque caused by the eccentric rotation even when the center of gravity of the rotating part of the photovoltaic tracking bracket does not coincide with the center of rotation, so that the rotation center of the photovoltaic tracking bracket is Torque balance can be achieved at the beam center or under the main beam without adjusting the center of gravity position.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of the eccentricity compensation device according to the first embodiment applied to a photovoltaic tracking support.
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of the eccentricity compensation device according to the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 3A is a front view of the sleeve.
  • Figure 3B is a side view of the sleeve.
  • Figure 4A is a front view of the sector wheel
  • Fig. 4B is a side view of the sector wheel.
  • Fig. 5A is a front view of the guide wheel.
  • Fig. 5B is a side view of the guide wheel.
  • Fig. 6 is a side view of the eccentricity compensation device according to the second embodiment applied to a photovoltaic tracking support.
  • Fig. 7 is a front view of the eccentricity compensation device according to the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 8A is a front view of the straight rod.
  • Fig. 8B is a side view of the straight rod.
  • the first feature described later in the specification is formed above or on the second feature, which may include an embodiment in which the first and second features are directly connected, or may be included between the first and second features
  • the implementation of additional features is formed, so that there may be no direct connection between the first and second features.
  • reference numerals and/or letters may be repeated in different examples in these disclosures. The repetition is for brevity and clarity, and does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and/or structures to be discussed.
  • the description includes the embodiment in which the first and second elements are directly connected or combined with each other, and also includes the use of one or more other intervening elements to add The first and second elements are indirectly connected or combined with each other.
  • spatial relation words such as “below”, “below”, “below”, “below”, “above”, “above”, etc. may be used herein to describe an element shown in the drawings. Or the relationship between features and other elements or features. It will be understood that these spatial relationship terms are intended to include directions of elements in use or operation other than those depicted in the drawings. For example, if the elements in the drawings are turned over, the orientation of elements described as “below” or “beneath” or “beneath” other elements or features will be changed to be “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary words “below” and “below” can encompass both directions of up and down.
  • the elements may also have other orientations (rotated by 90 degrees or in other directions), so the spatial relationship descriptors used here should be explained accordingly.
  • a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers, or one or more intervening layers may also be present.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show that the eccentricity compensation device 10 is applied to the photovoltaic tracking support 20.
  • the following uses the photovoltaic tracking bracket 20 as an example to describe the function or orientation of the eccentricity compensation device 10, but does not limit the application environment of the eccentricity compensation device 10.
  • the eccentricity compensation device 10 can also be applied to other similar scenes requiring eccentricity compensation. It is a scene involving rotating bodies.
  • the photovoltaic tracking bracket 20 includes a rotating body 202 and a column 201, and the rotating body 202 is rotatably supported by the column 201.
  • the rotating body 202 may include, for example, a main beam 202a extending along a north-south direction (or a front-rear direction) and a photovoltaic module 202b supported by the main beam 202a.
  • the main beam 202a is rotatably supported by two uprights 201 separated in the north-south direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotating body 202 including the main beam 202a can rotate around the rotation center line O (in the view of FIG.
  • the rotation center line The projection is a point O) and rotates along the rotation direction C0, that is, the photovoltaic module 202b in the rotating member 202 can be tilted in the east-west direction (or left and right direction) to track the azimuth of the sun, so that the photovoltaic module 202b can always Receive solar energy with maximum efficiency.
  • an eccentricity compensation device 10 is installed on the column 201 located on the southern side of the two columns 201.
  • the eccentricity compensation device 10 can also be installed on the column 201 located on the northern side of the two columns 201, or one eccentricity compensation device 10 is installed on both columns 201.
  • the eccentricity compensation device 10 can be installed on the north side (or front side) of the column 201 in the figure, or can be installed on the south side (or rear side) of the column 201 in the figure.
  • the eccentricity compensation device 10 includes a supporting device 1, an elastic member 2, a flexible member 3 and a connecting member 4.
  • the elastic member 2 is supported by the supporting device 1, and the supporting device 1 allows the elastic member 2 to stretch and deform.
  • the first end 31 (lower end in the figure) of the flexible member 3 is drivingly connected to the elastic member 2 and the end 32 (upper end in the figure) is connected to the connecting member 4.
  • the connecting member 4 is used to connect the rotating body 202 and follow the rotating body 202 to rotate.
  • the supporting device 1 is a sleeve, which is also referred to as the sleeve 1 below for ease of description.
  • the elastic member 2 is accommodated in the sleeve 1 and is guided by the sleeve 1 for elastic deformation.
  • the flexible member 3 is a steel wire rope, which is also referred to as a steel wire rope 3 below for ease of description.
  • the example structure of the sleeve 1 is shown in Figs. 3A and 3B.
  • Figs. 3A and 3B show the structure of the sleeve 1 from two directions.
  • the sleeve 1 includes a fixed plate 11 and a movable plate 12.
  • the elastic member 2 is clamped between the fixed plate 11 and the movable plate 12.
  • the head end 31 of the flexible member 3 is connected to the movable plate 12, and acts on the elastic by pulling the movable plate 12 Piece 2, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the barrel wall 13 of the sleeve 1 can guide the movable plate 12 to move up and down.
  • the flexible member 3 passes through the elastic member 2, and passes through the fixing plate 11 through the perforation 1 a (shown in FIGS.
  • the elastic element 2 is a coil spring, the upper end of the coil spring is connected to the fixed plate 11, the lower end is connected to the movable plate 12, and the movable plate 12 is connected to the elastic element 2 in turn.
  • the coil spring as the elastic member 2 is always in a compressed state, so that a downward pulling force is always applied to the flexible member 3 of the transmission connection.
  • the movable plate of the sleeve 1 can be located above the fixed plate, and the coil spring clamped between the fixed plate and the movable plate is always in tension, so that the flexible member 3 of the transmission connection can be always applied. Downward pull.
  • a pair of guide wheels 5 are installed on the outside of the fixed plate 11, the flexible member 3 passes through the pair of guide wheels 5, and is connected to the connecting member 4, and the movable plate 12 is between the pair of guide wheels 5.
  • the flexible member 3 is held in the expansion and contraction direction (or up and down direction) of the elastic member 2.
  • the guide wheel 5 can limit the radial movement of the flexible member 3 along the guide wheel 5.
  • the structure of the guide wheel 5 is shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B.
  • the outer periphery of the guide wheel 5 has a wheel groove 51, which can be used to accommodate the flexible member 3.
  • the guide wheel 5 may be inserted into the shaft body through the central hole 5a to be rotatably fixed to the outside of the fixed plate 11.
  • the connecting member 4 is a sector wheel.
  • it is also referred to as a sector wheel 4 in the following description of the first embodiment.
  • Example configurations of the sector wheel 4 are shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B.
  • a wheel groove 42 is formed on the outer periphery 41 of the sector wheel 4, and the end 32 of the flexible member 3 can be fixed on the sector wheel 4, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the flexible member 3 passes through the wheel groove 42 at the center of the length of the wheel groove 42 (or the lowest point A1 of the sector wheel 4) from the center of the section of the wheel groove 42 (the channel 4a), and then For example, the steel wire rope pressing block 6 is pressed and fixed on the sector wheel 4.
  • the flexible member 3 is guided by the wheel groove 42 and winds the sector wheel 4 along the wheel groove 42.
  • the elastic member 2 is fixed on the column 201; two guide wheels 5 are installed in the center of the upper part of the fixed plate 11, aligned with the perforation 1a of the fixed plate 11.
  • the guide wheel 5 is arranged in an east-west direction, and the rotation axis of the guide wheel 5 is parallel to the main beam 202a;
  • the sector wheel 4 is fixed on the main beam 202a, and the lowest point A1 of the sector wheel 4 is aligned with the center line of the coil spring 2;
  • the head end 31 of the wire rope as the flexible member 3 is fixed in the middle of the movable plate 12 with a joint bolt, and the end 32 of the wire rope as the flexible member 3 passes through the gap between the fixed plate 11 and the two guide wheels 5 from the middle of the coil spring 2.
  • the coil spring 2 is appropriately pre-compressed so that the wire rope as the flexible member 3 is in a stretched state in the initial equilibrium state.
  • the characteristic of the eccentric compensation device 10 is that the change trend of the compensation torque coincides with the change trend of the eccentric torque, can effectively compensate the negative influence of the eccentric torque on the photovoltaic tracking bracket 20, and has a simple structure, convenient installation and high reliability.
  • the second embodiment is described below with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8B.
  • the second embodiment uses the element numbers and part of the content of the first embodiment.
  • the same numbers are used to denote the same or similar elements, and the same technology is selectively omitted. Description of the content. For the description of the omitted parts, please refer to the first embodiment, and the second embodiment will not be repeated.
  • the connecting member 4 is a sector wheel, while in the second embodiment, in the eccentricity compensation device 10', the connecting member is a straight rod 4'. 6 and 7, the end 400 of the straight rod 4'has a rope hole 402, and the end 32 of the flexible member 3 is fixed on the straight rod 4'through the rope hole 402.
  • the straight rod 4' is generally C-shaped and includes two opposite vertical plates 401 and a horizontal plate 400 connecting the two vertical plates 401 together.
  • the lower end of each vertical plate 401 A rope hole 402 is provided, and a shaft 402a (shown in FIG. 7) can be set to pass through the rope holes 402 of the two vertical plates 401, and then the end 32 of the wire rope as the flexible member 3 is fixed to the shaft passing through the rope hole 402
  • the flexible member 3 is fixed on the straight rod 4'on the rod 402a.
  • the end 32 of the flexible member 3 may be directly passed through the rope hole 402 and then fixed on the straight rod 4'.
  • the straight rod 4' When the straight rod 4' is used as the connecting member, the distance between the steel wire rope as the flexible member 3 and the center of rotation will change with the rotation angle.
  • the distance between the rope hole 402 at the lower end of the straight rod 4'and the guide wheel 5 can be appropriately controlled. This change is controlled in a small range, so as to achieve a better eccentric compensation effect.
  • the second embodiment has the advantages of simple manufacture and low cost.
  • the eccentric compensation device As an effective measure to improve the performance of flat single-axis tracking supports, has broad application prospects in the construction of photovoltaic power stations in the future.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

偏心补偿装置（10）用于转动体（202），包括支撑装置（1）、弹性件（2）、柔性件（3）以及连接件（4），弹性件（2）由支撑装置（1）支撑，支撑装置（1）容许弹性件（2）伸缩变形，柔性件（3）的首端（31）传动连接弹性件（2）而末端（32）连接连接件（4），连接件（4）用于连接转动体（202），跟随转动体（202）进行转动；其中，连接件（4）跟随转动体（202）转动时，连接件（4）通过柔性件（3）拉着弹性件（2），迫使弹性件（2）产生弹性力，借助于弹性力平衡转动体（202）由于重心与旋转中心线O不重合产生的附加扭矩。包括偏心补偿装置（10）的光伏跟踪支架（20），偏心补偿装置（10）可以克服因偏心带来的附加扭矩。

Description

光伏跟踪支架及偏心补偿装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种偏心补偿装置，特别适用于光伏跟踪支架。
背景技术
在光伏发电系统中，平单轴跟踪支架是最常用的光伏阵列支架之一，由于该支架白天能跟踪太阳方位角变化运行，所以，采用平单轴跟踪支架的光伏组件全年发电总量要比采用最佳固定倾角支架的光伏组件全年发电总量高出15％-25％。
通常情况下，平单轴跟踪支架的跟踪转动部分的旋转中心都在主梁断面的中心或下方，由于光伏组件一般都安装在主梁上面，所以，跟踪支架转动部分的断面重心往往不在旋转中心处，这就使得跟踪支架在跟踪驱动时，需要克服因偏心带来的附加扭矩，给跟踪支架的驱动装置设计和制造带来一定的难度。
针对这一问题，人们想方设法试图让跟踪支架转动部分的断面重心与旋转中心重合，例如，将主梁局部偏心、将旋转轴心位置上移至主梁上方等等。这些方法虽然也能实现旋转轴心与断面重心重合，但是也会给跟踪支架的制造、安装等带来更多的难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种偏心补偿装置，可以用于光伏跟踪支架，可以克服因偏心带来的附加扭矩。
本发明提供了一种偏心补偿装置，用于转动体，包括支撑装置、弹性件、柔性件以及连接件，所述弹性件由所述支撑装置支撑，所述支撑装置容许所述弹性件伸缩变形，所述柔性件的首端传动连接所述弹性件而末端连接所述连接件，所述连接件用于连接所述转动体，跟随所述转动体进行转动；其中，所述连接件跟随所述转动体转动时，所述连接件通过所述柔性件拉着所述弹性件，迫使所述弹性件产生弹性力，借助于所述弹性力平衡所述转动体由于重心与旋转中心线不重合产生的附加扭矩。
在一个实施方式中，所述支撑装置为套筒，所述弹性件容置于所述套筒内，受所述套筒的引导进行弹性变形。
在一个实施方式中，所述套筒包括固定板和活动板，所述弹性件被夹在所述固定板和所述活动板之间，所述柔性件的所述首端连接所述活动板，通过拉动所述活动板的方式作用于所述弹性件。
在一个实施方式中，所述柔性件从所述弹性件中穿过，并穿过所述固定板后再与所述连接件连接。
在一个实施方式中，所述固定板的外侧安装有一对导轮，所述柔性件穿过所述一对导轮，再与所述连接件连接，所述活动板至所述一对导轮之间的柔性件被保持在所述弹性件的伸缩方向上。
在一个实施方式中，所述弹性件为螺旋弹簧。
在一个实施方式中，所述连接件为扇形轮，所述扇形轮的外周缘形成有轮槽，所述柔性件的末端固定在所述扇形轮上，所述扇形轮转动时，所述柔性件由所述轮槽引导，沿所述轮槽卷绕所述扇形轮。
在一个实施方式中，所述柔性件在所述轮槽的长度中心从轮槽的截面中心穿过所述轮槽，再固定在所述扇形轮上。
在一个实施方式中，所述连接件为直杆，所述直杆的末端具有绳孔，所述柔性件的末端通过所述绳孔固定在所述直杆上。
本发明还提供一种光伏跟踪支架，包括转动体和立柱，所述转动体由立柱可转动地支撑，所述立柱上安装上述偏心补偿装置。
上述偏心补偿装置特别适用于光伏跟踪支架，可以有效地克服因偏心带来的附加扭矩，对转动部分转动过程中的偏心进行补偿。
上述偏心补偿装置能使光伏跟踪支架在其转动部分断面重心与旋转中心不重合的情况下，仍能有效地抵消因偏心转动带来的附加扭矩，从而使得光伏跟踪支架的旋转中心无论是在主梁中心，还是在主梁下方都能实现扭矩平衡，且无需调整重心位置。
附图概述
本发明的上述的以及其他的特征、性质和优势将通过下面结合附图和实施例的描述而变得更加明显，其中：
图1是根据第一实施例的偏心补偿装置应用于光伏跟踪支架的侧视图。
图2是根据第一实施例的偏心补偿装置的主视图。
图3A是套筒的主视图。
图3B是套筒的侧视图。
图4A是扇形轮的主视图
图4B是扇形轮的侧视图。
图5A是导轮的主视图。
图5B是导轮的侧视图。
图6是根据第二实施例的偏心补偿装置应用于光伏跟踪支架的侧视图。
图7是根据第二实施例的偏心补偿装置的主视图。
图8A是直杆的主视图。
图8B是直杆的侧视图。
本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式和附图对本发明作进一步说明，在以下的描述中阐述了更多的细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是本发明显然能够以多种不同于此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下根据实际应用情况作类似推广、演绎，因此不应以此具体实施方式的内容限制本发明的保护范围。
例如，在说明书中随后记载的第一特征在第二特征上方或者上面形成，可以包括第一和第二特征通过直接联系的方式形成的实施方式，也可包括在第一和第二特征之间形成附加特征的实施方式，从而第一和第二特征之间可以不直接联系。另外，这些公开内容中可能会在不同的示例中重复附图标记和/或字母。该重复是为了简要和清楚，其本身不表示要讨论的各实施方式和/或结构间的关系。进一步地，当第一元件是用与第二元件相连或结合的方式描述的，该说明包括第一和第二元件直接相连或彼此结合的实施方式，也包括采用一个或多个其他介入元件加入使第一和第二元件间接地相连或彼此结合。
如本发明所示，除非上下文明确提示例外情形，“一”、“一种”和/或“该”等词并非特指单数，也可包括复数。一般说来，术语“包括”与“包含”仅提示包括已明确标识的步骤和元素，而这些步骤和元素不构成一个排它性的罗列，方法或者设备也可能包含其他的步骤或元素。
为了方便描述，此处可能使用诸如“之下”、“下方”、“低于”、“下 面”、“上方”、“上”等等的空间关系词语来描述附图中所示的一个元件或特征与其他元件或特征的关系。将理解到，这些空间关系词语意图包含使用中或操作中的元件的、除了附图中描绘的方向之外的其他方向。例如，如果翻转附图中的元件，则被描述为在其他元件或特征“下方”或“之下”或“下面”的元件的方向将改为在所述其他元件或特征的“上方”。因而，示例性的词语“下方”和“下面”能够包含上和下两个方向。元件也可能具有其他朝向(旋转90度或处于其他方向)，因此应相应地解释此处使用的空间关系描述词。此外，还将理解，当一层被称为在两层“之间”时，它可以是所述两层之间仅有的层，或者也可以存在一个或多个介于其间的层。
需要注意的是，这些以及后续其他的附图均仅作为示例，其并非是按照等比例的条件绘制的，并且不应该以此作为对本发明实际要求的保护范围构成限制。此外，不同实施方式下的变换方式可以进行适当组合。
第一实施例
图1和图2示出了偏心补偿装置10应用于光伏跟踪支架20。下面以光伏跟踪支架20为示例对偏心补偿装置10的作用或方位进行描述，但并不对偏心补偿装置10的应用环境构成限制，偏心补偿装置10也可以应用于其他类似的需要偏心补偿的场景特别是涉及转动体的场景中。
光伏跟踪支架20包括转动体202和立柱201，转动体202由立柱201可转动地支撑。转动体202例如可以包括沿着南北向(或者前后方向)延伸的主梁202a以及由主梁202a支撑的光伏组件202b。主梁202a通过在南北向分离设置的两个立柱201可转动地支撑，从而参见图2，包括主梁202a的转动体202可以绕着旋转中心线O(在图2的视图中，旋转中心线投影为一个点O)而沿着转动方向C0转动，也即，转动件202中的光伏组件202b可以在东西向(或者，左右方向)倾斜，以此跟踪太阳方位角，从而光伏组件202b可以始终最大效率地接收太阳能。图1中，两个立柱201中位于较南侧的立柱201上安装偏心补偿装置10。在另一实施方式中，偏心补偿装置10也可以安装在两个立柱201中位于较北侧的立柱201上，或者两个立柱201上均安装一个偏心补偿装置10。偏心补偿装置10可以安装于图中的立柱201的北侧(或前侧)，也可以安装于图中的立柱201的南侧(或后侧)。
偏心补偿装置10包括支撑装置1、弹性件2、柔性件3以及连接件4。弹性件2 由支撑装置1支撑，并且支撑装置1容许弹性件2伸缩变形。柔性件3的首端31(图中的下端)传动连接弹性件2而末端32(图中的上端)连接到连接件4。连接件4用于连接转动体202，跟随转动体202进行转动。其中，连接件4跟随转动体202转动时，连接件4通过柔性件3拉着弹性件2，迫使弹性件2产生弹性力，借助于弹性件2产生的弹性力平衡转动体202由于重心(图中未示出)与旋转中心线O不重合产生的附加扭矩。
图示实施例中，支撑装置1为套筒，为了便于表述，下文也称之为套筒1。弹性件2容置于套筒1内，受套筒1的引导进行弹性变形。柔性件3是钢丝绳，为了便于表述，下文也称之为钢丝绳3。
套筒1的示例构造参见图3A和图3B，图3A和图3B从两个方向示出了套筒1的结构。套筒1包括固定板11和活动板12，弹性件2被夹在固定板11和活动板12之间，柔性件3的首端31连接活动板12，通过拉动活动板12的方式作用于弹性件2，如图2所示。套筒1的筒壁13可以引导活动板12上下移动。图2中，柔性件3从弹性件2中穿过，并且例如经过穿孔1a(图3A和图3B中示出)穿过固定板11后再与连接件4连接。图示实施例中，弹性件2为螺旋弹簧，螺旋弹簧的上端连接固定板11，下端连接活动板12，而活动板12又连接弹性件2。作为弹性件2的螺旋弹簧始终处于受压状态，从而一直对传动连接的柔性件3施加向下的拉力。在另一实施方式中，套筒1的活动板可以位于固定板上方，而夹在固定板和活动板之间的螺旋弹簧始终处于受拉状态，从而也可以一直对传动连接的柔性件3施加向下的拉力。
图2所示的实施方式中，固定板11的外侧安装有一对导轮5，柔性件3穿过一对导轮5，再与连接件4连接，活动板12至一对导轮5之间的柔性件3被保持在弹性件2的伸缩方向(或者，上下方向)上。导轮5可以限制柔性件3沿着导轮5的径向移动。导轮5的结构如图5A和图5B所示，导轮5的外周缘具有轮槽51，可以用于收容柔性件3。例如，导轮5可以通过中心孔5a插入轴体而可旋转地固定在固定板11的外侧。
第一实施例中，连接件4为扇形轮，为了便于表述，关于第一实施例的以下描述中也称之为扇形轮4。扇形轮4的示例构造如图4A和图4B所示。扇形轮4的外周缘41形成有轮槽42，可以柔性件3的末端32固定在扇形轮4上，如图2所示。例 如，图4B所示的实施方式中，柔性件3在轮槽42的长度中心(或者，扇形轮4的最低点A1)从轮槽42的截面中心(孔道4a)穿过轮槽42，再例如通过钢丝绳压块6压住而固定在扇形轮4上。扇形轮4转动时，柔性件3由轮槽42引导，沿轮槽42卷绕扇形轮4。
示例性地，可以如下操作，如图1所示，将弹性件2固定在立柱201上；两个导轮5安装在固定板11上部的中心位置，和固定板11的穿孔1a对齐，两个导轮5呈东西向布置，导轮5的转轴与主梁202a平行；将扇形轮4固定在主梁202a上，并将扇形轮4的最低点A1与作为螺旋弹簧2的中心线对齐；将作为柔性件3的钢丝绳的首端31用活节螺栓固定在活动板12中间，作为柔性件3的钢丝绳的末端32从螺旋弹簧2的中间穿过固定板11和两个导轮5的夹缝，再穿过扇形轮4的最低点A1的孔道4a，然后用钢丝绳压块6将钢丝绳固定在扇形轮4上。在固定钢丝绳时，适当预压螺旋弹簧2，使得作为柔性件3的钢丝绳在初始平衡状态时，处于绷直状态。
当主梁202a从初始平衡状态开始跟踪转动时，作为柔性件3的钢丝绳就会被逐步绕入扇形轮4的轮槽42内，此时，活动板12被向上拉起，螺旋弹簧2被压缩，同时，扇形轮4就会受到作为柔性件3的钢丝绳的切向拉力而产生扭转力矩。主梁202a转角越大，作为柔性件3的钢丝绳绕入扇形轮4的长度也就越大，螺旋弹簧2也就被压缩得越厉害，扇形轮4受到的扭转力矩也就越大。另一方面，从偏心扭矩产生的成因分析，当光伏跟踪支架20的转动体202处于初始平衡状态0°时，转动体202的断面重心和旋转中心线O处在同一条垂直线上，此时没有偏心力矩产生，当主梁202a从0°开始向东西任何一个方向转动时，转动体202的断面重心垂线和旋转中心线就会产生偏离，此时，在重力的作用就会产生偏心扭矩。随着主梁202a的转角逐渐变大，转动体202的断面重心相对于旋转中心线的偏离距离也逐渐变大，由此产生的偏心力矩也就越来越大。而这种偏心扭矩的增大趋势恰好与偏心补偿装置10产生的平衡扭矩增大趋势吻合。因此，两者能够相互抵消，从而达到偏心补偿的目的。
偏心补偿装置10的特点是，补偿扭矩的变化趋势与偏心扭矩的变化趋势相吻合，能有效补偿偏心扭矩对光伏跟踪支架20造成的负面影响，且结构简单，安装方便，可靠性高。
第二实施例
下面参见图6至图8B描述第二实施例，第二实施例沿用第一实施例的元件标号与部分内容，其中采用相同的标号来表示相同或近似的元件，并且选择性地省略了相同技术内容的说明。关于省略部分的说明可参照第一实施例，第二实施例不再重复赘述。
第一实施例中，连接件4为扇形轮，而第二实施例中，偏心补偿装置10’中，连接件为直杆4’。可以参见图6和图7，直杆4’的末端400具有绳孔402，柔性件3的末端32通过绳孔402固定在直杆4’上。
例如，如图8A和8B所示，直杆4’大体为C字形状，包括相对的两个立板401以及将两个立板401连接在一起的横板400，每个立板401的下端设置有绳孔402，可以设置轴杆402a(图7中示出)穿过两个立板401的绳孔402，然后将作为柔性件3的钢丝绳的末端32固定在穿过绳孔402的轴杆402a上而将柔性件3固定在直杆4’上。又或者，柔性件3的末端32可以直接穿过绳孔402后固定在直杆4’上。
当采用直杆4’作为连接件时，作为柔性件3的钢丝绳与旋转中心的距离会随旋转角度发生变化，适当控制直杆4’下端的绳孔402距导轮5的距离，可以将这种变化控制在较小的范围之内，从而实现较好的偏心补偿效果。第二实施例具有制作简便且成本较低的优点。
随着平单轴跟踪技术在光伏电站建设中的推广应用，偏心补偿装置作为一种改善平单轴跟踪支架性能的有效措施，在未来的光伏电站建设中有着广阔的应用前景。
本发明虽然以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并不是用来限定本发明，任何本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，都可以做出可能的变动和修改。因此，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何修改、等同变化及修饰，均落入本发明权利要求所界定的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种偏心补偿装置，用于转动体，其特征在于，包括支撑装置、弹性件、柔性件以及连接件，所述弹性件由所述支撑装置支撑，所述支撑装置容许所述弹性件伸缩变形，所述柔性件的首端传动连接所述弹性件而末端连接所述连接件，所述连接件用于连接所述转动体，跟随所述转动体进行转动；
    其中，所述连接件跟随所述转动体转动时，所述连接件通过所述柔性件拉着所述弹性件，迫使所述弹性件产生弹性力，借助于所述弹性力平衡所述转动体由于重心与旋转中心线不重合产生的附加扭矩。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的偏心补偿装置，其特征在于，所述支撑装置为套筒，所述弹性件容置于所述套筒内，受所述套筒的引导进行弹性变形。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的偏心补偿装置，其特征在于，所述套筒包括固定板和活动板，所述弹性件被夹在所述固定板和所述活动板之间，所述柔性件的所述首端连接所述活动板，通过拉动所述活动板的方式作用于所述弹性件。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的偏心补偿装置，其特征在于，所述柔性件从所述弹性件中穿过，并穿过所述固定板后再与所述连接件连接。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的偏心补偿装置，其特征在于，所述固定板的外侧安装有一对导轮，所述柔性件穿过所述一对导轮，再与所述连接件连接，所述活动板至所述一对导轮之间的柔性件被保持在所述弹性件的伸缩方向上。
  6. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的偏心补偿装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件为螺旋弹簧。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的偏心补偿装置，其特征在于，所述连接件为扇形轮，所述扇形轮的外周缘形成有轮槽，所述柔性件的末端固定在所述扇形轮上，所述扇形轮转动时，所述柔性件由所述轮槽引导，沿所述轮槽卷绕所述扇形轮。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的偏心补偿装置，其特征在于，所述柔性件在所述轮槽的长度中心从轮槽的截面中心穿过所述轮槽，再固定在所述扇形轮上。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的偏心补偿装置，其特征在于，所述连接件为直杆，所述直杆的末端具有绳孔，所述柔性件的末端通过所述绳孔固定在所述直杆上。
  10. 一种光伏跟踪支架，包括转动体和立柱，所述转动体由立柱可转动地支撑，其特征在于，所述立柱上安装如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的偏心补偿装置。
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