WO2021012585A1 - 一种随钻流体连续全井段光谱特性检测装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种随钻流体连续全井段光谱特性检测装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2021012585A1
WO2021012585A1 PCT/CN2019/124543 CN2019124543W WO2021012585A1 WO 2021012585 A1 WO2021012585 A1 WO 2021012585A1 CN 2019124543 W CN2019124543 W CN 2019124543W WO 2021012585 A1 WO2021012585 A1 WO 2021012585A1
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spectral characteristic
spectral
housing
fluid channel
sample
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PCT/CN2019/124543
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English (en)
French (fr)
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谭佳萌
谭嘉乐
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谭艳儒
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
    • E21B49/087—Well testing, e.g. testing for reservoir productivity or formation parameters
    • E21B49/088—Well testing, e.g. testing for reservoir productivity or formation parameters combined with sampling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling engineering, in particular to a detection device and method for detecting formation fluids in all well sections while drilling in the petroleum drilling engineering.
  • the formation fluid includes gas and liquid.
  • the formation may contain groundwater, gas and other substances.
  • the oil, natural gas, water and their mixtures in these formations are the formation fluid.
  • the detection method after the completion of the drilling operation is: after the drill pipe is pulled out, the instrument for detecting the spectral characteristics of the fluid is sent into the wellbore with a cable, and the fluid in a certain formation to be tested is extracted according to the requirements of the geologist to perform the spectral characteristics. Analyze and transmit the results to the ground via cable for analysis by geologists.
  • the current method for testing during drilling operations is to put the instrument into the drill pipe, and after reaching a certain formation designed, extend the sampler and get close to the well wall to extract formation fluid for testing. When not testing, retract the testing head into the instrument inside the drill pipe and continue normal drilling operations.
  • Post-drilling measurement is discontinuous, that is, point measurement, but after all, it is a predicted formation. Post-drilling measurement may miss the real hydrocarbon-bearing formation and cause missed measurement.
  • the failure rate is high, and it is easy to get stuck.
  • it is necessary to extend a sampler on the sidewall of the drill pipe close to the inside of the wellbore. Because of pollution and drilling fluid intrusion into the formation, it takes a very long time for extraction. Each point can take up to several hours. And because the extraction time is very long, and the sampler may not be retracted due to the collapse of the well wall and other reasons, it is easy to cause the drill pipe to be stuck and a stuck drill accident.
  • the detection efficiency is low. Whether it is post-drilling inspection or while-drilling inspection, sampling inspection takes a long time. Under normal circumstances, each point of detection takes several hours or even ten hours. This is not only unfavorable to the progress of the project, but also easy to miss the rapidly changing underground geological conditions.
  • the present invention aims to provide a continuous full-well-section spectral characteristic detection device and method for fluid while drilling, which can realize continuous and real-time sample fluid extraction and detection, and ensure real-time detection and accuracy.
  • a continuous full-well spectral characteristic detection device for fluid while drilling comprising a housing, a sample pump, a spectral characteristic detector, a spectral light source, and a built-in data memory.
  • the sample pump, the spectral characteristic detector, the spectral light source and the built-in data memory are all provided In the housing;
  • the housing is provided with a light-transmissive sample fluid channel, the sample fluid channel is connected to the sample pump, and its inlet and outlet are both connected to the outside of the housing;
  • the spectrum light source and the spectrum Characteristic detectors are separately arranged on both sides of the sample fluid channel, the emitting end of the spectrum light source and the receiving end of the spectral characteristic detector both face the sample fluid channel;
  • the housing is provided with an upper instrument connection interface, and the spectrum
  • the characteristic detector is respectively electrically connected with the upper instrument connection interface and the built-in data storage; the lower end of the housing is fixedly connected to the drilling part of the drill rod.
  • the device further includes a wireless data transmitting device, and the upper-end instrument connection interface is electrically connected to the wireless data transmitting device.
  • the upper instrument connection interface is provided at the upper end of the housing.
  • the drilling part includes a screw and a drill bit, the drill bit is connected to the lower end of the screw, the lower end of the housing is provided with a connecting thread, and the lower end of the housing is connected to the upper end of the screw through the connecting thread.
  • the present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned device to perform continuous full-well spectral characteristic detection of fluid while drilling, including the following steps:
  • the fluid in the formation continuously enters the sample fluid channel through the inlet of the sample fluid channel, and flows out from the outlet of the sample fluid channel;
  • the light from the spectral light source is emitted to the sample fluid channel, and after passing through the fluid in the sample fluid channel, it is received by the spectral characteristic detector and performs real-time detection of the spectral characteristic of the fluid;
  • the spectral characteristic detector stores the spectral characteristic detection result in the built-in data storage, and transmits the spectral characteristic detection result back to the ground in real time through the upper-end instrument connection interface for analysis by geological analysts.
  • step S3 the spectral characteristic detector transmits the spectral characteristic detection result to the wireless data transmitting device through the upper-end instrument connection interface, and the wireless data transmitting device transmits the spectral characteristic detection result to the ground in real time.
  • the detection device enters the wellbore along with the drill bit. While drilling is in progress, the sample pump installed in the detection device continuously extracts the fluid from the formation for analysis by the spectral characteristic detector, which can realize real-time and continuous The purpose of detecting the spectral characteristics of the formation fluid inside the wellbore.
  • the present invention uses pumping to continuously extract fluids in the annulus for analysis and detection, which can solve the disadvantage that traditional detection methods can only point measurements and realize continuous measurement across the well.
  • the formation fluid enters the inside of the wellbore and circulates to the surface along with the drilling fluid.
  • the fluid drawn by the sample pump is the freshest and true formation fluid, and in the present invention, the fluid flows continuously from the sample fluid channel. It enters the detector and is discharged after the detection is completed. The entire process is continuous and continues the entire drilling process. Therefore, the invention can accurately and timely reflect the formation conditions.
  • the traditional detection while drilling device can only detect the expected formation. After reaching the expected formation, the sampler is extended and attached to the well wall to extract the fluid at this point. The result is not accurate.
  • the device of the present invention can store the obtained detection results in the built-in data memory, and can also transmit it back to the ground in real time for processing and analysis, ensuring the safety and real-time performance of the data.
  • the spectral light source and the spectral characteristic detector are separately arranged on both sides of the transparent sample fluid channel, so as to realize the detection of the spectral characteristic of the fluid by the transmission method.
  • the present invention has a simple and reliable structure, and solves the drawbacks that traditional detection is likely to cause jamming and cause engineering accidents.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • This embodiment provides a continuous full-well spectral characteristic detection device for fluid while drilling, which includes a housing 2, a sample pump 3, a spectral characteristic detector 5, a light source 8, and a built-in data storage 7.
  • the light source 8 and the built-in data storage 7 are all arranged in the housing 2; the housing 2 is provided with a sample fluid channel 4, the sample fluid channel 4 is in communication with the sample pump 3, and the inlet and outlet are both.
  • the light source 8 and the spectral characteristic detector 5 are separately arranged on both sides of the sample fluid channel 4, the transmitting end of the light source 8 and the receiving end of the spectral characteristic detector 5 are both facing the Sample fluid channel 4;
  • the housing 2 is provided with an upper instrument connection interface 1, and the spectral characteristic detector 5 is electrically connected to the upper instrument connection interface 1 and the built-in data storage 7; the lower end of the housing 2
  • the drilling part is fixedly connected to the drill pipe.
  • the upper-end instrument connection interface 1 is electrically connected to the wireless data transmitting device.
  • the upper instrument connection interface 1 is provided at the upper end of the housing 2.
  • the drilling part includes a screw and a drill bit, the drill bit is connected to the lower end of the screw, the lower end of the housing 2 is provided with a connecting thread 6, and the lower end of the housing 2 is connected to the upper end of the screw through the connecting thread 6 .
  • the detection device can be installed inside the drill rod, and multiple detection devices can be arranged along the axis of the drill rod.
  • the sample fluid channel of each detection device can also be set to different angles, so that samples can be collected at multiple angles.
  • This embodiment provides a method for using the device described in Embodiment 1 to perform continuous full-well spectral characteristic detection of fluid while drilling, including the following steps:
  • the fluid in the formation continuously enters the sample fluid channel through the inlet of the sample fluid channel, and flows out from the outlet of the sample fluid channel;
  • the light from the light source is emitted to the sample fluid channel, passes through the fluid in the sample fluid channel, and is received by the spectral characteristic detector to perform real-time detection of the spectral characteristics of the fluid (including temperature, density, resistivity ph and other parameter characteristics);
  • the spectral characteristic detector stores the spectral characteristic detection result in the built-in data storage, and transmits the spectral characteristic detection result back to the ground in real time through the upper-end instrument connection interface for analysis by geological analysts.
  • the spectral characteristic detector transmits the spectral characteristic detection result to the wireless data transmission device through the upper-end instrument connection interface, and the wireless data transmission device transmits the spectral characteristic detection result to the ground in real time.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract

一种随钻流体连续全井段光谱特性检测装置及方法，装置包括外壳(2)、样品泵(3)、光谱特性检测器(5)、光谱光源(8)以及内置数据存储器(7)，样品泵(3)、光谱特性检测器(5)、光谱光源(8)以及内置数据存储器(7)均设于外壳(2)内；外壳(2)内部设有透光的样品流体通道(4)，样品流体通道(4)和样品泵(3)连通，并且其进口和出口均与外壳(2)的外部相连通；光谱光源(8)和光谱特性检测器(5)分设于样品流体通道(4)的两侧，光谱光源(8)的发射端和光谱特性检测器(5)的接收端均朝向样品流体通道(4)；外壳(2)设有上端仪器连接接口(1)，光谱特性检测器(5)分别与上端仪器连接接口(1)和内置数据存储器(7)电性连接；外壳(2)的下端固定连接于钻杆的钻进部分。该装置可以实现连续、实时的样品流体抽取和检测，保证检测实时性、准确性。

Description

一种随钻流体连续全井段光谱特性检测装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及石油钻井工程技术领域，具体涉及一种在石油钻井工程中在钻井的同时采用技术手段检测全部井段地层流体的一种检测装置及方法。
背景技术
在石油勘探中为了发现油气层建立地层剖面，会对地层用很多方法检测。其中一种方法是对地层流体光谱特性进行检测。所述地层流体包括气体和液体，地层中有可能包含有地下水、气体和其他物质，这些地层中的石油、天然气、水及其混合物就是地层流体。
对于地层流体光谱特性的检测，目前主要的检测方式有两种，一种是钻井作业完成后，再检测地层，另一种是钻井作业过程中检测。
目前实现钻井作业完成后进行检测方法是：钻杆起出后，用电缆将检测流体光谱特性的仪器送入井筒中，根据地质师的要求去抽取待检测某个地层中的流体，进行光谱特性分析，并通过电缆将结果传输到地面，供给地质师分析。
而目前实现在钻井作业过程中检测的方法是：将仪器放入钻杆中，到达设计的某个地层后，伸出采样器，贴近井壁去抽取地层流体进行检测。不检测时，将检测头收回到钻杆内部仪器内，继续进行正常钻进作业。
以上两种检测方法主要具有如下缺点：
第一、不能全部井段进行检测，而只能进行流体光谱实时对某一层或者某几层检测。钻后测量是不连续的，即是点测量，但是毕竟是预测的地层，钻后测量有很大的可能错过真正的含油气地层，造成漏测。
第二、不准确。钻后检测会有相当长的时间间隔，此时地层早已破碎，地层流体随钻井液循环到地面，地层已经受到污染，不能准确反映真正的地层情况。
第三、故障率高，易卡钻。在随钻检测中，要在钻杆侧壁上伸出一个取样器贴近井筒内侧，因为污染和钻井液侵入地层，所以需要非常长的时间进行抽取。每点抽取时间长达数小时。且由于抽取时间非常长，同时由于井壁垮塌等原因可能导致取样器不能收回，就容易导致钻杆被卡死，发生卡钻事故。
第四，检测效率低下。不管是钻后检测，还是随钻检测，取样检测都需要花费很长的时间。通常情况下，每点检测都要花费数小时甚至十几小时的时间。这样不仅不利于工程进度，而且容易错过瞬息变化的井下地质情况。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明旨在提供一种随钻流体连续全井段光谱特性检测装置及方法，可以实现连续、实时的样品流体抽取和检测，保证检测实时性、准确性。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种随钻流体连续全井段光谱特性检测装置，包括外壳、样品泵、光谱特性检测器、光谱光源以及内置数据存储器，所述样品泵、光谱特性检测器、光谱光源以及内置数据存储器均设于所述外壳内；所述外壳内部设有透光的样品流体通道，所述样品流体通道和所述样品泵连通，并且其进口和出口均与外壳的外部相连通；所述光谱光源和光谱特性检测器分设于所述样品流体通道的两侧，所述光谱光源的发射端和光谱特性检测器的接收端均朝向所述样品流体通道；所述外壳设有上端仪器连接接口，所述光谱特性检测器分别与所述上端仪器连接接口和所述内置数据存储器电性连接；所述外壳的下端固定连接于钻杆的钻进部分。
进一步地，所述装置还包括有无线数据发射设备，所述上端仪器连接接口电性连接于所述无线数据发射设备。
进一步地，所述上端仪器连接接口设于所述外壳的上端。
进一步地，钻进部分包括螺杆和钻头，钻头连接于所述螺杆的下端，所述外壳的下端设有连接螺纹，所述外壳的下端通过连接螺纹与所述螺杆的上端相连接。
本发明还提供一种利用上述装置进行随钻流体连续全井段光谱特性检测的方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、利用钻进部分连续钻进和破碎底层，使得地层中的流体涌出；
S2、在样品泵的作用下，地层中的流体通过样品流体通道的进口连续进入样品流体通道内，并从样品流体通道的出口流出；
同时，光谱光源的光线射出至样品流体通道，经过样品流体通道内的流体后由所述光谱特性检测器接收并进行流体的光谱特性的实时检测；
S3、光谱特性检测器将光谱特性检测结果存储在所述内置数据存储器中，并通过上端仪器连接接口将光谱特性检测结果实时回传至地面，供地质分析人员进行分析。
进一步地，步骤S3中，所述光谱特性检测器通过上端仪器连接接口将光谱特性检测结果传输至无线数据发射设备，所述无线数据发射设备将光谱特性检测结果实时传输至地面。
本发明的有益效果在于：
在本发明中，检测装置随着钻头一同进入钻井井筒中，在钻井工作进行的同时，检测装置内安装的样品泵连续不断的抽取地层的流体供光谱特性检测器进行分析，可以实现实时、连续检测井筒内部地层流体的光谱特性的目的。
具体地，不同于传统测井的定点抽取地层流体，本发明采用泵抽的方式连续抽取环空中流体进行分析检测，可以解决传统检测手段只能点测量的弊端，实现了全井段连续测量。
随着钻头破坏地层，地层流体进入到井筒内部，随钻井液一同循环到地面，样品泵所抽取的流体正是这些最新鲜的、真正的地层流体，而且本发明中，流体从样品流体通道连续进入检测器，检测完毕后排出，整个过程连续不断，并持续整个钻进过程，因此利用本发明可以准确及时的反应地层情况。而传统的随钻检测装置只能在预计地层检 测，在达到预计的某地层后伸出采样器，贴在井壁上抽取这一点的流体，结果并不准确。
另外，本发明装置能够将得到的检测结果存贮在内置的数据存储器，同时还能够实时回传至地面供处理分析，保证数据的安全和实时性。
进一步地，本发明将光谱光源和光谱特性检测器分设在透光的样品流体通道的两侧，从而实现通过透射法进行流体光谱特性检测。
更进一步地，本发明相对于传统的伸出式采样器，结构简单可靠，解决了传统检测容易造成卡钻引发工程事故的弊端。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图对本发明作进一步的描述，需要说明的是，本实施例以本技术方案为前提，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围并不限于本实施例。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种随钻流体连续全井段光谱特性检测装置，包括外壳2、样品泵3、光谱特性检测器5、光源8以及内置数据存储器7，所述样品泵3、光谱特性检测器5、光源8以及内置数据存储器7均设于所述外壳2内；所述外壳2内部设有样品流体通道4，所述样品 流体通道4和所述样品泵3连通，并且其进口和出口均与外壳2的外部相连通；所述光源8和光谱特性检测器5分设于所述样品流体通道4的两侧，所述光源8的发射端和光谱特性检测器5的接收端均朝向所述样品流体通道4；所述外壳2设有上端仪器连接接口1，所述光谱特性检测器5分别与所述上端仪器连接接口1和所述内置数据存储器7电性连接；所述外壳2的下端固定连接于钻杆的钻进部分。
进一步地，还包括有无线数据发射设备，所述上端仪器连接接口1电性连接于所述无线数据发射设备。
进一步地，所述上端仪器连接接口1设于所述外壳2的上端。
进一步地，钻进部分包括螺杆和钻头，钻头连接于所述螺杆的下端，所述外壳2的下端设有连接螺纹6，所述外壳2的下端通过连接螺纹6与所述螺杆的上端相连接。
在具体应用中，可将检测装置安装在钻杆的内部，并可以沿着钻杆轴向设置多个检测装置。另外，对于样品流体通道的设置，除了图1所示的平直设置，还可以将每个检测装置的样品流体通道设置成不同的角度，则能在多个角度都采集到样品。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种利用实施例1所述装置进行随钻流体连续全井段光谱特性检测的方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、利用钻进部分(钻头)连续钻进和破碎底层，使得地层中的流体涌出；
S2、在样品泵的作用下，地层中的流体通过样品流体通道的进口 连续进入样品流体通道内，并从样品流体通道的出口流出；
同时，光源的光线射出至样品流体通道，经过样品流体通道内的流体后由所述光谱特性检测器接收并进行流体的光谱特性(包括温度、密度、电阻率ph等参数特性)的实时检测；
S3、光谱特性检测器将光谱特性检测结果存储在所述内置数据存储器中，并通过上端仪器连接接口将光谱特性检测结果实时回传至地面，供地质分析人员进行分析。
具体地，所述光谱特性检测器通过上端仪器连接接口将光谱特性检测结果传输至无线数据发射设备，所述无线数据发射设备将光谱特性检测结果实时传输至地面。
对于本领域的技术人员来说，可以根据以上的技术方案和构思，给出各种相应的改变和变形，而所有的这些改变和变形，都应该包括在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种随钻流体连续全井段光谱特性检测装置，其特征在于，包括外壳、样品泵、光谱特性检测器、光谱光源以及内置数据存储器，所述样品泵、光谱特性检测器、光谱光源以及内置数据存储器均设于所述外壳内；所述外壳内部设有透光的样品流体通道，所述样品流体通道和所述样品泵连通，并且其进口和出口均与外壳的外部相连通；所述光谱光源和光谱特性检测器分设于所述样品流体通道的两侧，所述光谱光源的发射端和光谱特性检测器的接收端均朝向所述样品流体通道；所述外壳设有上端仪器连接接口，所述光谱特性检测器分别与所述上端仪器连接接口和所述内置数据存储器电性连接；所述外壳的下端固定连接于钻杆的钻进部分。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的随钻流体连续全井段光谱特性检测装置，其特征在于，还包括有无线数据发射设备，所述上端仪器连接接口电性连接于所述无线数据发射设备。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的随钻流体连续全井段光谱特性检测装置，其特征在于，所述上端仪器连接接口设于所述外壳的上端。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的随钻流体连续全井段光谱特性检测装置，其特征在于，钻进部分包括螺杆和钻头，钻头连接于所述螺杆的下端，所述外壳的下端设有连接螺纹，所述外壳的下端通过连接螺纹与所述螺杆的上端相连接。
  5. 一种利用上述任一权利要求所述的装置进行随钻流体连续全井段光谱特性检测的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    S1、利用钻进部分连续钻进和破碎底层，使得地层中的流体涌出；
    S2、在样品泵的作用下，地层中的流体通过样品流体通道的进口连续进入样品流体通道内，并从样品流体通道的出口流出；
    同时，光谱光源的光线射出至样品流体通道，经过样品流体通道内的流体后由所述光谱特性检测器接收并进行流体的光谱特性的实时检测；
    S3、光谱特性检测器将光谱特性检测结果存储在所述内置数据存储器中，并通过上端仪器连接接口将光谱特性检测结果实时回传至地面，供地质分析人员进行分析。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤S3中，所述光谱特性检测器通过上端仪器连接接口将光谱特性检测结果传输至无线数据发射设备，所述无线数据发射设备将光谱特性检测结果实时传输至地面。
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