WO2021000609A1 - 一种网络性能的上报方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种网络性能的上报方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021000609A1
WO2021000609A1 PCT/CN2020/081239 CN2020081239W WO2021000609A1 WO 2021000609 A1 WO2021000609 A1 WO 2021000609A1 CN 2020081239 W CN2020081239 W CN 2020081239W WO 2021000609 A1 WO2021000609 A1 WO 2021000609A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network
area
network element
information
network performance
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2020/081239
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李世军
王宝义
张健
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP20835338.3A priority Critical patent/EP3972327A4/en
Publication of WO2021000609A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000609A1/zh
Priority to US17/557,243 priority patent/US20220116811A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/06—Generation of reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0681—Configuration of triggering conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a method and device for reporting network performance.
  • NWDAF can perform network data analysis.
  • the network data analysis function (NetWork Data Analysis Function, NWDAF) can obtain data from the network function (NF) network element and the operation management and maintenance (Operation, Administration, and Maintenance, OAM) system, and analyze and process the results.
  • NF network function
  • OAM operation management and maintenance
  • AF application functions
  • NWDAF Since the data analyzed by NWDAF is generally obtained from NF network elements and OAM systems, and these data are not real-time and latest data, they cannot accurately reflect the current network performance.
  • This application provides a method and device for reporting network performance to obtain real-time and accurate network performance.
  • this application provides a method for reporting network performance.
  • the method includes: a data analysis network element receives a first subscription message from a first network element, where the first subscription message is used to request a subscription to the network performance of the first area Parameter information; the data analysis network element obtains the network performance parameter information of the first area from the access network device corresponding to the first area, and the network performance parameter information of the first area is used to indicate the first area The network performance of the area; when the data analysis network element determines that the first reporting condition is satisfied, the network performance parameter information of the first area is sent to the first network element or the network performance parameter information of the first area is corresponding The network performance level is used to indicate the network performance of the first area.
  • the first network element can subscribe to the data analysis network element for network performance parameter information, and the data analysis network element can report the network performance parameter information to the first network element after obtaining the network performance parameter information from the access network device. Since the network performance parameter information obtained from the access network device can more accurately reflect the real-time performance of the cell, the first network element can be controlled or applied more accurately.
  • the data analysis network element acquiring the network performance parameter information of the first area from the access network device corresponding to the first area includes: the data analysis network element sends the information to the The access network device corresponding to the first area sends a second subscription message, where the second subscription message is used to request to subscribe to the network performance parameter information of the first area; the data analysis network element corresponds to the first area
  • the access network device receives the network performance parameter information of the first area, and the network performance parameter information of the first area is sent when a second reporting condition is met; wherein, the second reporting condition includes one of the following: Multiple items: the reporting period arrives, and the network performance parameter information of the first area subscribed by the data analysis network element reaches a first threshold.
  • the data analysis network element obtains network performance parameter information from the access network device through subscription, which helps to achieve automatic acquisition of network performance parameter information.
  • the network performance parameter information of the first area includes network performance parameters and corresponding values
  • the network performance parameters include one or more of the following: radio resource control RRC connection number, protocol Data unit PDU sessions, physical resource block PRB utilization, handover success rate, handover failure rate, device-to-device D2D resource utilization, Uu port resource utilization, physical downlink control channel PDCCH congestion, random access channel RACH success rate, RACH failure rate, air interface delay.
  • the first area includes one or more cells, and the first subscription message includes the identity of the one or more cells; or, the first area includes one or more cells.
  • the first reporting condition includes one or more of the following: the network performance parameter information subscribed by the first network element reaches a second threshold, and the data analysis network element is first The network performance parameter information of the first area is acquired twice.
  • the first subscription message is also used to request a subscription to the network performance parameter prediction information of the first area; the method further includes: the data analysis network element according to the first area The network performance parameter information of the first region and the historical network performance parameter information of the first region are used to determine the network performance parameter prediction information of the first region; when the data analysis network element determines that the third reporting condition is satisfied, it will report to the first The network element sends the network performance parameter prediction information of the first area. Based on this solution, it is also possible to obtain network performance parameter prediction information in the first area, so as to realize the monitoring of network performance in a given area for a period of time in the future.
  • the third reporting condition includes one or more of the following: the network performance parameter prediction information of the first area subscribed by the first network element reaches a third threshold, and the data analysis network For the first time, the element obtains the network performance parameter prediction information of the first area.
  • the first subscription message includes an identifier of a terminal device, and the first area is a cell where the terminal device is located. Based on this solution, the network performance parameters in the cell where the terminal device is located can be obtained, so that the influence of the network performance on the terminal device can be judged.
  • the first reporting condition includes one or more of the following: the terminal device enters the first area, and the network performance of the first area subscribed by the first network element The parameter information reaches the fourth threshold.
  • the first subscription message is also used to request to subscribe to the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area, where the second area is the next cell that the terminal device will enter;
  • the method further includes: the data analysis network element obtains the network performance parameter information of the second area from the access network device corresponding to the second area, and the network performance parameter information of the second area is used to indicate the The network performance of the second area; the data analysis network element determines the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area according to the network performance parameter information of the second area and the historical network performance parameter information of the second area; When the data analysis network element determines that the fourth reporting condition is satisfied, it sends the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area to the first network element. Based on this solution, the network performance prediction parameters in the cell where the terminal device is located can be obtained, so that the influence of the network performance for a period of time in the future on the terminal device can be judged.
  • the fourth reporting condition includes one or more of the following: the data analysis network element determines that the terminal device is about to enter the second area, and the first network element subscribes to the The network performance parameter prediction information in the second area reaches the fifth threshold.
  • the method further includes: the data analysis network element obtains the location information of the terminal device from the access network device corresponding to the first area, and the location information of the terminal device is the first area. Information of an area; the data analysis network element determines the movement track of the terminal device according to the location information of the terminal device and the historical location information of the terminal device, and the movement track is used to indicate the movement of the terminal device The direction and the position passed by when moving; the data analysis network element determines the information of the second area that the terminal device will enter according to the movement track and the network topology, and the network topology is used to indicate each of the network Distribution locations of cells, each of the cells includes the first area and the second area.
  • a method for determining the movement trajectory of a terminal device with cell granularity is provided, so that the information of the next cell that the terminal device will enter can be predicted, and the network performance can be judged based on the network performance parameter information of the next cell. Impact on terminal equipment.
  • the data analysis network element acquiring the location information of the terminal device from the access network device corresponding to the first area includes: the data analysis network element sends the information to the first area
  • the access network device corresponding to an area sends a third subscription message, the third subscription message is used to request to subscribe to the location information of the terminal device;
  • the data analysis network element receives the terminal device from the access network device
  • the location information of the terminal device is sent when the fifth reporting condition is satisfied; wherein, the fifth reporting condition includes one or more of the following: the location of the terminal device changes, and the reporting period arrives .
  • the method further includes: the data analysis network element obtains the measurement report of the terminal device from the access network device; the data analysis network element determines according to the measurement report of the terminal device The longitude and latitude information of the terminal device; the data analysis network element determines the movement track of the terminal device according to the longitude and latitude information of the terminal device and the longitude and latitude information of the terminal device, and the movement track is used to indicate the terminal device
  • the data analysis network element determines the second area that the terminal device will enter according to the movement trajectory and the network topology structure, and the network topology structure is used to indicate each of the network Distribution locations of cells, each of the cells includes the first area and the second area.
  • a method for determining the movement trajectory of the terminal device with the granularity of latitude and longitude is given, so that the information of the next cell that the terminal device will enter can be predicted, and the network performance can be judged according to the network performance parameter information of the next cell. Impact on terminal equipment.
  • the data analysis network element obtaining the measurement report of the terminal device from the access network device includes: the data analysis network element sends the data analysis network element to the access network corresponding to the first area The device sends a fourth subscription message, the fourth subscription message is used to request to subscribe to the measurement report of the terminal device; the data analysis network element receives the measurement report of the terminal device from the access network device corresponding to the first area Report, the measurement report of the terminal device is sent when the sixth reporting condition is met; wherein, the sixth reporting condition includes one or more of the following: the access network device corresponding to the first area receives all The measurement report and reporting cycle arrive.
  • the measurement report of the terminal device includes one or more of the following: reference signal received power RSRP, reference signal received quality RSRQ, signal to interference plus noise ratio SNR, and throughput of the terminal device Quantity, channel state information CSI.
  • the method further includes: the data analysis network element obtains network element performance information from a second network element corresponding to the first area, and the network element performance information is used to indicate the second network The performance status of the element; the data analysis network element sends the network element performance information of the first area to the first network element. Based on this solution, the data analysis network element also obtains network element performance information from the second network element, which helps to more accurately determine the network performance of the first area.
  • the network element performance information includes one or more of the following: load of the network element, throughput of the network element, and number of users of the network element.
  • the method further includes: the data analysis network element obtains the fault information of the network element corresponding to the first area from the operation, management and maintenance OAM system corresponding to the first area; the data analysis network The element sends the fault information of the network element corresponding to the first area to the first network element. Based on this solution, the data analysis network element also obtains the fault information of the network element from the OAM system, which helps to more accurately determine the network performance of the first area.
  • this application provides a method for reporting network performance.
  • the method includes: an access network device receives a second subscription message from a data analysis network element, where the second subscription message is used to request a subscription to the network performance of the first area Parameter information, the network performance parameter information of the first area is used to indicate the network performance of the first area; when the second reporting condition is met, the access network device sends the first area to the data analysis network element Network performance parameter information of a region.
  • the second reporting condition includes one or more of the following: a reporting period arrives, and the network performance parameter information of the first area subscribed by the data analysis network element reaches a first threshold.
  • the network performance parameter information of the first area includes network performance parameters and corresponding values
  • the network performance parameters include one or more of the following: radio resource control RRC connection number, protocol Data unit PDU sessions, physical resource block PRB utilization, handover success rate, handover failure rate, device-to-device D2D resource utilization, Uu port resource utilization, physical downlink control channel PDCCH congestion, random access channel RACH success rate, RACH failure rate, air interface delay.
  • the method further includes: the access network device receives a third subscription message from the data analysis network element, the third subscription message is used to request to subscribe to the location information of the terminal device; When the fifth reporting condition is met, the access network device sends the location information of the terminal device to the data analysis network element.
  • the fifth reporting condition includes one or more of the following: the location of the terminal device changes, and the reporting period arrives.
  • the method further includes: the access network device receives a fourth subscription message from the data analysis network element, the fourth subscription message is used to request a subscription to the measurement report of the terminal device; When the sixth reporting condition is met, the access network device sends the measurement report of the terminal device to the data analysis network element.
  • the sixth reporting condition includes one or more of the following: the access network device corresponding to the first area receives the measurement report of the terminal device, and the reporting period arrives.
  • the measurement report of the terminal device includes one or more of the following: reference signal received power RSRP, reference signal received quality RSRP, signal to interference plus noise ratio SNR, and throughput of the terminal device Quantity, channel state information CSI.
  • this application provides a method for reporting network performance.
  • the method includes: an OAM system receives a subscription message from a data analysis network element, where the subscription message is used to request a subscription to the fault information of the network element corresponding to the first area; When the reporting condition is met, the OAM system sends the fault information of the network element corresponding to the first area to the data analysis network element. Based on this solution, the data analysis network element obtains the fault information of the network element from the OAM system, which helps to more accurately determine the network performance of the first area.
  • the reporting condition includes: a fault alarm occurs in a network element corresponding to the first area.
  • the present application provides a method for reporting network performance.
  • the method includes: a second network element receives a subscription message from a data analysis network element, where the subscription message is used to request a subscription to the network element performance of the second network element Information, the network element performance information is used to indicate the performance status of the second network element; when the reporting conditions are met, the second network element sends the network element performance information of the second network element to the data analysis network element .
  • the data analysis network element obtains network element performance information from the second network element, which helps to more accurately determine the network performance of the first area.
  • the reporting condition includes one or more of the following: a reporting period arrives, and the network performance information of the second network element subscribed by the data analysis network element reaches a threshold.
  • the network element performance information includes one or more of the following: load of the network element, throughput of the network element, and number of users of the network element.
  • the present application provides a network performance reporting device.
  • the device may be a data analysis network element or a chip used for the data analysis network element.
  • the device has the function of realizing each embodiment of the first aspect described above. This function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • this application provides a network performance reporting device.
  • the device may be an access network device or a chip for the access network device.
  • the device has the function of realizing each embodiment of the second aspect described above. This function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • the present application provides a network performance reporting device.
  • the device may be an OAM system or a chip used in the OAM system.
  • the device has the function of realizing each embodiment of the third aspect. This function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • this application provides a device for reporting network performance.
  • the device may be a second network element or a chip for the second network element.
  • the device has the function of realizing each embodiment of the fourth aspect described above. This function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • the present application provides a network performance reporting device, including a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and when the device is running, the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to The device is caused to perform the methods described in the above aspects.
  • the present application provides an apparatus for reporting network performance, which includes units or means for executing each step of the foregoing aspects.
  • the present application provides a network performance reporting device, including a processor and an interface circuit.
  • the processor is configured to communicate with other devices through the interface circuit and execute the methods described in the foregoing aspects.
  • the processor includes one or more.
  • the present application provides an apparatus for reporting network performance, including a processor, which is configured to be connected to a memory and used to call a program stored in the memory to execute the methods described in the foregoing aspects.
  • the memory can be located inside the device or outside the device.
  • the processor includes one or more.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions in the computer-readable storage medium, which when run on a computer, causes a processor to execute the methods described in the foregoing aspects.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the methods described in the foregoing aspects.
  • the present application also provides a chip system, including a processor, configured to execute the methods described in the foregoing aspects.
  • this application provides a method for reporting network performance, which includes:
  • the data analysis network element receives a first subscription message from the first network element, where the first subscription message is used to request a subscription to the network performance parameter information of the first region;
  • the data analysis network element obtains the network performance parameter information of the first area from the access network device corresponding to the first area, and the network performance parameter information of the first area is used to indicate the network of the first area performance;
  • the network performance level is used to indicate whether the network performance of the first area is good or bad;
  • the first network element receives the network performance parameter information of the first area from the data analysis network element or receives the network performance level corresponding to the network performance parameter information of the first area.
  • this application provides a network performance reporting system, including a data analysis network element and a first network element;
  • the data analysis network element is configured to receive a first subscription message from the first network element, and the first subscription message is used to request a subscription to the network performance parameter information of the first area;
  • the network access device obtains the network performance parameter information of the first area, where the network performance parameter information of the first area is used to indicate the network performance of the first area; when it is determined that the first reporting condition is met, the The network element sends the network performance parameter information of the first area or the network performance level corresponding to the network performance parameter information of the first area, where the network performance level is used to indicate whether the network performance of the first area is good or bad ;
  • the first network element is configured to receive the network performance parameter information of the first area or the network performance level corresponding to the network performance parameter information of the first area from the data analysis network element.
  • Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of a 5G network architecture based on a service-oriented architecture
  • Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of a 5G network architecture based on a point-to-point interface
  • FIG. 1C is a possible network architecture applicable to this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of V2X
  • FIG. 3 is a deployment method of the network analysis function provided by this application.
  • Figure 4 is an example of the deployment of network analysis functions on the AMF side and SMF side;
  • FIG. 5 is an example diagram of internal functional modules of the network analysis function provided by this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a method for reporting network performance provided by this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another method for reporting network performance provided by this application.
  • Figure 8 is an example diagram of a network performance analysis scenario provided by this application.
  • FIG. 9 is an example diagram of another scenario of network performance analysis provided by this application.
  • Figure 10A is a schematic diagram of data collection through mirroring data on a network interface link
  • Figure 10B is a schematic diagram of data collection through traffic replication
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a network performance reporting device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another network performance reporting device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 1A it is a schematic diagram of a 5G network architecture based on a service-oriented architecture.
  • the 5G network architecture shown in FIG. 1A may include three parts, namely a terminal equipment part, a data network (DN), and an operator network part.
  • DN data network
  • Operator network part The functions of some of the network elements are briefly introduced below.
  • the operator network may include one or more of the following network elements: network exposure function (NEF) network elements, policy control function (PCF) network elements, unified data management (unified data management) , UDM) network element, network function repository function (NRF) network element, AF network element, NWDAF network element, authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF) network element, access and mobility management function (access and mobility management function (AMF) network elements, session management function (session management function, SMF) network elements, (radio) access network ((radio) access network, (R) AN), and user plane function (user plane function, UPF) network elements, etc.
  • NEF network exposure function
  • PCF policy control function
  • UDM network element
  • NRF network function repository function
  • AF AF network element
  • NWDAF authentication server function
  • AUSF authentication server function
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • SMF session management function
  • R radio access network
  • UPF user plane function
  • Terminal equipment also known as user equipment (UE)
  • UE user equipment
  • UE is a device with wireless transceiver function. It can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as ships). Etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (for example, airplanes, balloons, satellites, etc.).
  • the terminal device may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (pad), a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, an industrial control (industrial control) Wireless terminals in ), wireless terminals in self-driving (self-driving), wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety (transportation safety) , Wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, etc.
  • the terminal device will be referred to as UE in this application.
  • the above-mentioned terminal equipment can establish a connection with the operator's network through an interface (such as N1, etc.) provided by the operator's network, and use services such as data and/or voice provided by the operator's network.
  • the terminal device can also access the DN through the operator's network, and use the operator's service deployed on the DN and/or the service provided by a third party.
  • the aforementioned third party may be a service party other than the operator's network and terminal equipment, and may provide other services such as data and/or voice for the terminal equipment.
  • the specific form of expression of the aforementioned third party can be determined according to actual application scenarios, and is not limited here.
  • RAN is a sub-network of an operator's network, and an implementation system between service nodes and terminal equipment in the operator's network.
  • the terminal device To access the operator's network, the terminal device first passes through the RAN, and then can be connected to the service node of the operator's network through the RAN.
  • the RAN device in this application is a device that provides wireless communication functions for terminal devices, and the RAN device is also called an access network device.
  • the RAN equipment in this application includes but is not limited to: the next generation base station (gnodeB, gNB), evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB), radio network controller (RNC), node B in 5G (node B, NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB), baseband unit (baseBand) unit, BBU), transmission point (transmitting and receiving point, TRP), transmission point (transmitting point, TP), mobile switching center, etc.
  • the RAN device is referred to as RAN for short in this application.
  • AMF network element is a control plane network element provided by the operator's network. It is responsible for the access control and mobility management of terminal equipment accessing the operator's network, such as mobile status management, allocation of temporary user identities, authentication and authorization of users, etc. Features.
  • the SMF network element is a control plane network element provided by the operator network, and is responsible for managing the protocol data unit (PDU) session of the terminal device.
  • the PDU session is a channel used to transmit PDUs, and terminal devices need to transmit PDUs to each other through the PDU session and the DN.
  • the PDU session is established, maintained, and deleted by the SMF network element.
  • SMF network elements include session management (such as session establishment, modification and release, including tunnel maintenance between UPF and AN), UPF network element selection and control, service and session continuity (Service and Session Continuity, SSC) mode selection, Session-related functions such as roaming.
  • the UPF network element is a gateway provided by an operator and a gateway for communication between the operator's network and the DN.
  • UPF network elements include user plane-related functions such as data packet routing and transmission, packet inspection, service usage reporting, quality of service (QoS) processing, lawful monitoring, upstream packet inspection, and downstream packet storage.
  • QoS quality of service
  • DN also called packet data network (PDN)
  • PDN packet data network
  • the operator’s network can be connected to multiple DNs, and multiple services can be deployed on the DN to provide terminal equipment. Services such as data and/or voice.
  • DN is the private network of a smart factory.
  • the sensors installed in the workshop of the smart factory can be terminal devices.
  • the control server of the sensor is deployed in the DN, and the control server can provide services for the sensors.
  • the sensor can communicate with the control server, obtain instructions from the control server, and transmit the collected sensor data to the control server according to the instructions.
  • a DN is an internal office network of a company.
  • the mobile phones or computers of employees of the company can be terminal devices, and the mobile phones or computers of employees can access information and data resources on the company's internal office network.
  • UDM network element is a control plane network element provided by the operator. It is responsible for storing the subscriber permanent identifier (SUPI), credential, security context, and subscription of subscribers in the operator’s network. Data and other information.
  • the information stored in UDM network elements can be used for authentication and authorization of terminal equipment accessing the operator's network.
  • the contracted users of the above-mentioned operator's network may specifically be users who use the services provided by the operator's network, such as users who use China Telecom's mobile phone core card, or users who use China Mobile's mobile phone core card.
  • the permanent subscription identifier (Subscription Permanent Identifier, SUPI) of the aforementioned subscriber may be the number of the mobile phone core card, etc.
  • the credential and security context of the aforementioned subscriber may be a small file stored such as the encryption key of the mobile phone core card or information related to the encryption of the mobile phone core card for authentication and/or authorization.
  • the aforementioned security context may be data (cookie) or token (token) stored on the user's local terminal (for example, mobile phone).
  • the contract data of the aforementioned subscriber may be the supporting service of the mobile phone core card, such as the data package of the mobile phone core card or the use of the network.
  • permanent identifiers, credentials, security contexts, authentication data (cookies), and tokens are equivalent to information related to authentication and authorization.
  • no distinction or restriction is made for the convenience of description. If no special instructions are given, the embodiments of the present application will be described using a security context as an example, but the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to authentication and/or authorization information in other expression modes.
  • the AUSF network element is a control plane network element provided by the operator, and can usually be used for first-level authentication, that is, the authentication between the terminal device (subscribed user) and the operator's network. After the AUSF network element receives the authentication request initiated by the subscriber, it can authenticate and/or authorize the subscriber through the authentication information and/or authorization information stored in the UDM network element, or generate the authentication and/or authorization of the subscriber through the UDM network element. Or authorization information. The AUSF network element can feed back authentication information and/or authorization information to the subscriber.
  • NEF network elements are control plane network elements provided by operators. NEF network elements open the external interface of the operator's network to third parties in a safe manner. When the SMF network element needs to communicate with a third-party network element, the NEF network element can serve as a relay for the communication between the SMF network element and the third-party network element. When the NEF network element is used as a relay, it can be used as the translation of the identification information of the subscriber and the translation of the identification information of the third-party network element. For example, when NEF sends the SUPI of the subscriber from the operator network to the third party, it can translate the SUPI into its corresponding external identity (identity, ID). Conversely, when the NEF network element sends the external ID (third-party network element ID) to the operator's network, it can be translated into SUPI.
  • ID external identity
  • AF network elements mainly provide application layer services. They also support interaction with the 5G core network to provide services, such as influencing data routing decisions, policy control functions, or providing third-party services to the network side. In specific applications, AF network elements generally refer to third-party servers or application servers.
  • the PCF network element is a control plane function provided by the operator to provide a strategy to the network element.
  • the policies may include access control policies, mobility management policies, charging-related policies, QoS-related policies, and authorization-related policies.
  • NRF network element can be used to provide network element discovery function, based on the request of other network elements, provide network element information corresponding to the network element type, such as address information and/or identification information.
  • NRF also provides network element management services, such as network element registration, update, de-registration, and network element status subscription and push.
  • Nnef, Nausf, Npcf, Nudm, Naf, Namf, Nsmf, N1, N2, N3, N4, and N6 are interface serial numbers.
  • the meaning of these interface serial numbers can refer to the meaning defined in the 3GPP standard protocol, which is not limited here.
  • FIG. 1B it is a schematic diagram of a 5G network architecture based on a point-to-point interface.
  • FIG. 1A For the introduction of the functions of the network elements therein, reference may be made to the introduction of the functions of the corresponding network elements in FIG. 1A, which will not be repeated.
  • the main difference between Fig. 1B and Fig. 1A is that the interfaces between the various network elements in Fig. 1B are point-to-point interfaces rather than service-oriented interfaces.
  • the interface between the UE and the AMF network element is called the N1 interface
  • the interface between the AMF network element and the RAN device is called the N2 interface
  • the interface between the RAN device and the UPF network element It can be called N3 interface
  • the interface between SMF network element and UPF network element is called N4 interface
  • the interface between PCF network element and AF network element is called N5 interface
  • the interface between UPF network element and DN is called N6 Interface
  • the interface between SMF network element and PCF network element is called N7 interface
  • the interface between AMF network element and UDM network element is called N8 interface
  • the interface between different UPF network elements is called N9 interface
  • UDM network element The interface with SMF network element is called N10 interface
  • the interface between AMF network element and SMF network element is called N11 interface
  • the interface between AUSF network element and AMF network element is called N12 interface
  • AUSF network element and UDM The interface between network elements is called N13 interface
  • the network function network element (NF) in this application may be the core network network element in FIG. 1A or FIG. 1B, that is, 5G Core Network (5GC) NFs, or it may be a future communication system, such as The core network elements in the sixth generation (6G), namely 6GC NFs.
  • 5GC 5G Core Network
  • 6G 6G
  • this application uses 5GC NFs as an example for explanation.
  • NF may be referred to as 5GC NF, and when there are multiple NFs, it may also be described as 5GC NFs, or NFs for short.
  • the network architecture includes data analysis network elements, network function (Network Function, NF) network elements, and AF network elements.
  • NF Network Function
  • AF AF network elements.
  • the network architecture may also include data repositories and an OAM system of the operator network.
  • the data analysis network element can obtain the data to be analyzed from one or more of the NF network element (SMF, PCF, RAN, UPF, etc. as shown in Figure 1A or Figure 1B), AF, data warehouse or OAM, and then perform analysis And get data analysis results.
  • the data analysis performed by the data analysis network element may be triggered based on a data analysis request or subscription message sent by a certain consumer network element (for example, the consumer network element may be an NF network element, RAN equipment, terminal equipment, etc.), Or the data analysis network element is triggered according to other conditions, such as periodic triggering, initial event triggering, etc.
  • the data analysis network element After the data analysis network element obtains the data analysis result, it can send the data analysis result to the consumer network element requesting the data analysis result, or store the data analysis result in the data warehouse or in the data analysis network element.
  • a data analysis network element refers to a network element that has the functions of data collection and analysis and obtaining data analysis results. It can be the NWDAF network element in Figure 1A or Figure 1B, or it can be a management data analysis service (Management Data Analysis Service). service, MDAS) network element or other network elements with similar functions.
  • MDAS Management Data Analysis Service
  • NWDAF NWDAF network element
  • NWDAF may also be referred to as a network analysis function or a network analysis function network element, which has the same meaning, and a unified description is given here.
  • a network element with a network warehouse function refers to a network element with a network element discovery function, which may be an NRF network element or other network elements with similar functions.
  • NRF network element discovery function
  • this application will be described by taking the network warehouse function network element as an NRF network element as an example, and the NRF network element is referred to as NRF for short.
  • the 5G network is designed to support three major application scenarios, namely:
  • eMBB enhanced Mobile Broadband
  • automatic driving can be divided into the following levels:
  • Level 0 The driver performs all driving operations
  • Level 1 The driving assistance system performs any one of the driving operations related to the front, back, left and right;
  • Level 2 Part of the autopilot system performs front-to-back and left-right related operations
  • Level 3 The conditional automatic driving system performs all driving operations (limited areas), and expects the driver to respond when needed;
  • Level 4 The highly automated driving system performs all driving operations (limited areas) and does not expect the driver to respond;
  • Level 5 The fully automated driving system performs all driving operations (all areas), and does not expect the driver to respond.
  • V2X Vehicle-to-Everything
  • V2X includes vehicles and other vehicles (Vehicle-to-Vehicle, V2V), vehicles and roadside infrastructure (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure, V2I), vehicles and networks (Vehicle-to-Network, V2N), and vehicles and pedestrians (Vehicle -to-Pedestrian (V2P) communication involves real-time communication of value-added applications such as road safety, traffic efficiency, and intelligent transportation systems.
  • vehicles can exchange data with the surrounding environment, vehicles can interact with each other, vehicles can interact with portable UEs carried by pedestrians, and vehicles can also interact with surrounding infrastructure such as traffic lights within a certain range To interact.
  • the vehicle can obtain a series of information such as real-time road conditions, road information, pedestrian information, and make corresponding prompts/controls for the driving process according to the actual situation, such as forward collision warning, crossroads yielding, special vehicle yielding, traffic Congestion prompts, etc., thereby enhancing road safety and improving traffic efficiency.
  • V2X communication requires high reliability and ultra-low latency, and is carried on mobile communication networks such as 5G networks.
  • the V2X Server (V2X Server), as the entire autonomous driving control entity, needs to know the performance status of the network in real time to determine whether the current network quality can support the continued automatic driving.
  • the vehicle in Figure 2 is in a Level 4 automatic driving state in a network with normal performance.
  • the V2X Server needs to adjust its automatic driving state to manual driving. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a solution to notify V2X Server (or other AFs, such as servers for smart manufacturing, remote surgery, etc.) of current network performance information at least at the cell level in real time, so as to support V2X Server dynamically based on network performance State, adjust the auto-driving level of vehicles to ensure safe production.
  • data can be obtained from NF and OAM through NWDAF, after analysis and processing, the results are provided to AF (such as the above-mentioned V2X Server) for use.
  • AF such as the above-mentioned V2X Server
  • this application provides a method for reporting network performance, which can obtain network data in real time and can provide at least cell-level network performance information or network performance prediction information to the AF.
  • the present application provides a deployment method of a network analysis function (ie, NWDAF).
  • NWDAF network analysis function
  • the network analysis function can be implemented in a distributed manner, and the distributed entity can be deployed on the 5GC NF side, the RAN side (in the figure, the RAN device is a gNB as an example), and inside the UE.
  • NWDAF network analysis function
  • the network analysis function can be implemented in a distributed manner, and the distributed entity can be deployed on the 5GC NF side, the RAN side (in the figure, the RAN device is a gNB as an example), and inside the UE.
  • NWDAF network analysis function
  • the network analysis function can be implemented in a distributed manner, and the distributed entity can be deployed on the 5GC NF side, the RAN side (in the figure, the RAN device is a gNB as an example), and inside the UE.
  • NWDAF network analysis function
  • the network analysis function can be implemented in a distributed manner, and the distributed entity can be deployed on
  • the network analysis function can interact with 5GC NF, gNB, OAM to obtain information, and obtain information from the UE, and provide the analysis results to the AF, including the AF on the center side and the mobile edge computing (Mobile Edge Computing, MEC) deployed at each edge.
  • 5GC NF 5GC NF
  • gNB 5GC NF
  • OAM mobile Edge Computing
  • MEC Mobile Edge Computing
  • FIG. 1 shows one implementation method, and other deployment methods are also possible in actual applications, such as deploying only one network analysis function (such as deploying in a central location).
  • FIG. 5 an example diagram of internal function modules of the network analysis function provided by this application. It should be noted that the figure only shows a possible implementation method. When the application is actually deployed, internal function modules can be defined as needed.
  • network analysis functions are divided into central network analysis functions and distributed network analysis functions.
  • the central network analysis function includes interface module, performance prediction module, performance mapping module, user trajectory module, performance analysis module and internal communication module.
  • Distributed network analysis function includes interface module, performance prediction module, performance mapping module, and user trajectory module.
  • Performance analysis module traffic analysis module, positioning module, Application Programming Interface (API) calling module, dial test module and internal communication module.
  • API Application Programming Interface
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 601 The first network element sends a first subscription message to the data analysis network element.
  • the first network element here can be AF, or NFs, or AF and NFs.
  • the first subscription message is used to request to subscribe to the network performance parameter information of the first area.
  • Network performance parameter information comes from the collection of RAN, which can be used to measure the availability of network quality to AF, or NFs can be used in admission control, or load balancing strategy, or network function selection, or QoS control.
  • the network performance parameter information corresponds to a set of network performance parameters and corresponding values, and the specific network performance parameters to be used can be selected and defined as required.
  • the data analysis network element and the first network element can predefine the mapping between network performance levels (such as good, normal, bad, etc.) and network performance parameter information
  • the data analysis network element is responsible for completing the mapping between the network performance parameter information and the network performance level, thereby shielding the complexity of the network performance parameter information from the first network element.
  • the mapping relationship between network performance levels and network performance parameters can be configured in the network analysis function through OAM.
  • the granularity of the network performance parameter information may be a cell, a tracking area (Tracking Area), a network slice instance, a network slice subnet instance, a network slice identifier, etc.
  • the data analysis network element sends the acquired network performance parameter information of the first area to the first network element.
  • the first reporting condition will be explained in detail for different scenarios.
  • Step 602 The data analysis network element obtains the network performance parameter information of the first area from the RAN corresponding to the first area.
  • the network performance parameter information of the first area is used to indicate the network performance of the first area.
  • the network performance parameter information of the first region here includes network performance parameters and corresponding values.
  • the network performance parameters include one or more of the following: radio resource control (Radio Resource Control, RRC) connection number, protocol data unit (protocol data) unit, PDU) session number, physical resource block (Resource Block, PRB) utilization, handover success rate, handover failure rate, device to device (D2D) resource utilization, Uu port resource utilization, physical downlink control Channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel, PDCCH) congestion, random access channel (Random Access Channel, RACH) success rate, RACH failure rate, and air interface delay.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • PRB physical resource block
  • handover success rate handover failure rate
  • D2D device to device
  • D2D device to device
  • Uu port resource utilization physical downlink control Channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel, PDCCH) congestion, random access channel (Random Access Channel, RACH) success rate, RACH failure rate, and air interface delay.
  • RRC
  • the network performance parameter information can be obtained from the RAN in a subscription manner. That is, the step 602 may specifically include the following steps 6021 to 6022.
  • Step 6021 The data analysis network element sends a second subscription message to the RAN corresponding to the first area, where the second subscription message is used to request to subscribe to the network performance parameter information of the first area.
  • Step 6022 The data analysis network element receives the network performance parameter information of the first area from the RAN corresponding to the first area, and the network performance parameter information of the first area is sent when the second reporting condition is met.
  • the second reporting condition here includes one or more of the following: the reporting period arrives, and the network performance parameter information of the first area subscribed by the data analysis network element reaches the first threshold.
  • the network performance parameter information of the first area subscribed by the data analysis network element reaches the first threshold, which means that the network performance parameter information of the first area subscribed by the data analysis network element falls below the first threshold or below, Or the network performance parameter information subscribed by the data analysis network element is restored to the first threshold or above the first threshold.
  • Step 603 When the data analysis network element determines that the first reporting condition is satisfied, it sends the network performance parameter information of the first area to the first network element.
  • the data analysis network element may also send the network performance level corresponding to the network performance parameter information of the first area to the first network element.
  • the performance level is used to indicate the performance of the network in the first area.
  • the first network element (such as AF, NFs) can subscribe to the data analysis network element for network performance parameter information, and the data analysis network element can report the network to the first network element after obtaining the network performance parameter information from the RAN Performance parameter information. Since the network performance parameter information obtained from the RAN can more accurately reflect the real-time performance of the cell, the first network element can be more accurately controlled or applied.
  • the first area of step 601 includes one or more cells, and the first subscription message includes one cell or multiple cell IDs; or, the first area includes one or more tracking areas (TA), the first subscription message includes one or more tracking area identities (Tracking Area Identity, TAI).
  • TA tracking Area Identity
  • TAI Track Area Identity
  • the first subscription message in step 601 carries the identity of one or more cells, the first subscription message is used to request network performance parameter information of one or more cells; or the first subscription message carries one or more tracking areas The first subscription message is used to subscribe to the network performance parameter information of one or more tracking areas.
  • the first reporting condition in step 603 may be, for example, one or more of the following: the network performance parameter information subscribed by the first network element reaches the second threshold (that is, the value of a network performance parameter reaches The second threshold is to report the network performance parameter information), and the data analysis network element obtains the network performance parameter information of the first area for the first time.
  • that the network performance parameter information of the first area subscribed by the first network element reaches the second threshold means: the network performance parameter information of the first area subscribed by the first network element drops to the second threshold or below the second threshold, Or the network performance parameter information subscribed by the first network element is restored to the second threshold or above the second threshold.
  • the first subscription message in the above step 601 may also be used to request a subscription to the network performance parameter prediction information of the first area, and the following steps 604 to 605 may also be included.
  • Step 604 The data analysis network element determines the network performance parameter prediction information of the first area according to the network performance parameter information of the first area and the historical network performance parameter information of the first area.
  • the historical network performance parameter information of the first area refers to the network performance parameter information of the first area obtained from the RAN in the same manner as in step 602 in the historical time period.
  • the prediction information of the network performance parameters of the first area may be the prediction information at a specific point in time in the future (for example, the specific point in time carried in the first subscription message); or, it may be a period of time later from the current time (for example, The first subscription message carries the prediction information of the time period).
  • Step 605 When the data analysis network element determines that the third reporting condition is satisfied, it sends the network performance parameter prediction information of the first area to the first network element.
  • the third reporting condition here may include one or more of the following: the network performance parameter prediction information of the first area subscribed by the first network element reaches the third threshold, and the data analysis network element obtains it for the first time Network performance parameter prediction information for the first area.
  • the network performance parameter prediction information of the first area subscribed by the first network element reaches the third threshold, which means: the network performance parameter prediction information of the first area subscribed by the first network element drops to the third threshold or the third threshold Below, or the network performance parameter prediction information subscribed by the first network element is restored to the third threshold or above the third threshold.
  • the first network element can obtain the network performance parameter prediction information of the first area from the data analysis network element, which is more helpful for the first network element to achieve precise control or application.
  • step 603 can be executed before step 604, or between step 604 and step 605, or after step 605.
  • step 603 and step 605 can be combined into one step, and this step is executed after step 604.
  • step 603 may not be performed, that is, step 601-step 602, and step 604-step 605 are performed. .
  • the first subscription message in step 601 includes the identity of the UE, and the first area is the cell where the UE is located.
  • the first subscription message in step 601 carries the ID of the UE, and the first subscription message is used to request network performance parameter information of the cell where the UE is located.
  • the first reporting condition in step 603 may be, for example, one or more of the following: the UE enters the first area, the network performance information of the first area where the UE is currently located has not been reported, the first The network performance parameter information of the first area subscribed by the network element reaches the fourth threshold.
  • the network performance parameter information of the first area subscribed by the first network element reaches the fourth threshold, which means that the network performance parameter information of the first area subscribed by the first network element drops to the fourth threshold or below, Or, the network performance parameter information subscribed by the first network element is restored to the fourth threshold or above the fourth threshold.
  • the method for the data analysis network element to determine the first area is that the data analysis network element sends a subscription message to all RANs in the network to subscribe to the cell change information of the UE.
  • the RAN receives the subscription message, if the UE is in the area covered by the RAN, it sends a message to the data analysis network element to notify the cell where the UE is located; subsequently, if the cell where the UE is located changes, it can immediately notify the data analysis The cell where the network element UE is located, or periodically notify the data analysis network element of the cell where the UE is located; if the UE was originally not in the area covered by the RAN, but later entered, it is also necessary to notify the data analysis network element of the cell where the UE is located .
  • the first subscription message in step 601 can also be used to request to subscribe to the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area.
  • the second area is the next cell the UE will enter.
  • the following steps 606 to 608 may also be included.
  • Step 606 The data analysis network element obtains the network performance parameter information of the second area from the RAN corresponding to the second area, and the network performance parameter information of the second area is used to indicate the network performance of the second area.
  • the RAN corresponding to the second area here and the RAN corresponding to the first area in step 602 may be the same RAN or different RANs.
  • the RAN corresponding to the first area can provide services for the second area
  • the RAN corresponding to the first area and the RAN corresponding to the second area may be the same RAN.
  • this step can also obtain the network performance parameter information of the second area from the RAN corresponding to the second area in a manner similar to the above step 602, and also when certain reporting conditions are met, The RAN only reports the network performance parameter information of the second area to the data analysis network element.
  • the RAN only reports the network performance parameter information of the second area to the data analysis network element.
  • Step 607 The data analysis network element determines the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area according to the network performance parameter information of the second area and the historical network performance parameter information of the second area.
  • the historical network performance parameter information of the second area refers to the network performance parameter information of the second area obtained from the RAN in the same manner as in step 606 in the historical time period.
  • the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area may be a specific time point in the future (for example, the specific time point is carried in the first subscription message, or the first subscription message indicates that the UE predicted by the data analysis network element will enter the second Region time point); or, it can also be the prediction information that is pushed back by a time period from the current moment (for example, the time period is carried in the first subscription message).
  • Step 608 When the data analysis network element determines that the fourth reporting condition is satisfied, it sends the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area to the first network element.
  • the fourth reporting condition here may include one or more of the following: the data analysis network element determines that the UE is about to enter the second area, and the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area subscribed by the first network element reaches the first Five thresholds.
  • the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area subscribed by the first network element reaches the fifth threshold, which means: the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area subscribed by the first network element drops to the fifth threshold or the fifth threshold Below, or the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area subscribed by the first network element is restored to the fifth threshold or above the fifth threshold.
  • the first network element can obtain the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area from the data analysis network element, which is more helpful for the first network element to achieve precise control or application.
  • the above steps 602 and 606 can be combined into one step, and the above steps 603 and 608 can also be combined into One step.
  • the foregoing steps 602 and 603 may not be performed, that is, step 601 and step 606-step 608 are performed.
  • the data analysis network element obtains the location information of the UE from the RAN corresponding to the first area.
  • the location information of the UE is the information of the first area.
  • the data analysis network element determines the UE based on the location information of the UE and the historical location information of the UE.
  • the movement trajectory of the UE is used to indicate the moving direction of the UE and the position it passes while moving.
  • the movement trajectory is also used to indicate the moving speed of the UE.
  • the data analysis network element determines the UE based on the movement trajectory and the network topology. Information about the second area to be entered, and the network topology is used to indicate the distribution position of each cell in the network, and each cell includes the first area and the second area.
  • the data analysis network element obtains the current location information of the UE, determines the movement trajectory of the UE according to the current location information of the UE and the historical location information of the UE previously obtained, and thus determines the UE's moving trajectory and the network topology according to the movement trajectory and network topology.
  • the information of the next cell is the information of the second area in this application.
  • the "UE movement trajectory” here refers to a list of cells through which the UE moves.
  • This implementation method can predict the information of the next cell that the UE will enter at the cell granularity.
  • the data analysis network element can obtain the location information of the UE from the RAN corresponding to the first area by the following method: the data analysis network element sends a third subscription message to the RAN corresponding to the first area, the third subscription message Used to request to subscribe to the location information of the UE; when the fifth reporting condition is met, the RAN sends the location information of the UE to the data analysis network element, where the fifth reporting condition includes one or more of the following: the location of the UE changes, and the reporting The cycle arrives.
  • the data analysis network element obtains the measurement report (MR) of the UE from the RAN corresponding to the first area; the data analysis network element determines the longitude and latitude information of the UE according to the measurement report of the UE; The latitude and longitude information and the longitude and latitude information of the UE determine the movement trajectory of the UE.
  • the movement trajectory is used to indicate the moving direction and the position passed by the UE.
  • the movement trajectory is also used to indicate the moving speed of the UE; data analysis network element According to the movement trajectory and the network topology, determine the second area that the UE will enter.
  • the network topology is used to indicate the distribution position of each cell in the network, and each cell includes the first area and the second area .
  • the data analysis network element determines the longitude and latitude information of the UE by obtaining the measurement report of the UE, and determines the movement trajectory of the UE according to the longitude and latitude information of the UE and the historical longitude and latitude information of the UE previously obtained, thereby according to the movement trajectory and network topology, Determine the information of the next cell that the UE will enter, that is, the information of the second area in this application.
  • This implementation method can predict the information of the next cell that the UE will enter with the granularity of latitude and longitude. Compared with the above-mentioned realization method 1, this realization method can provide more accurate prediction.
  • the data analysis network element can obtain the measurement report of the UE from the RAN corresponding to the first area by the following method: the data analysis network element sends a fourth subscription message to the RAN corresponding to the first area, and the fourth subscription The message is used to request to subscribe to the measurement report of the UE; when the sixth reporting condition is met, the RAN sends the measurement report of the UE to the data analysis network element, where the sixth reporting condition includes one or more of the following: The RAN corresponding to the area receives the UE's measurement report and the reporting period arrives.
  • the measurement report of the UE includes one or more of the following: reference signal receiving power (RSRP), reference signal receiving quality (RSRQ), signal-to-noise ratio (Signal to Noise Ratio, SNR), UE throughput, and Channel State Information (CSI).
  • RSRP reference signal receiving power
  • RSRQ reference signal receiving quality
  • SNR Signal-to-noise ratio
  • SNR Signal-to-noise ratio
  • CSI Channel State Information
  • the data analysis network element can determine the location information or longitude and latitude information of the UE by subscribing to the UE's location information or measurement report from the RAN, and then can draw the UE's movement trajectory and predict the UE based on the movement trajectory Information about the next cell to be entered. Further, the moving direction and moving speed of the UE can also be predicted, and then the time to enter the next cell can be predicted.
  • the above solution (such as the solution from step 601 to step 603, or the solution from step 601 to step 605, or the solution from step 601 to step 603 and step 606 to step 608), It may include the following steps 609-610.
  • Step 609 The data analysis network element obtains network element performance information from the second network element corresponding to the first area, where the network element performance information is used to indicate the performance status of the second network element, where the first subscription message in step 601 is It is also used to subscribe to the network element performance information of the network element corresponding to the first area.
  • the data analysis network element can obtain the service range of each network element (including the second network element) according to the network topology or from the OAM, so that the correspondence between the area and the network element can be determined.
  • the data analysis network element can obtain the network element performance information of the second network element from the second network element by the following method: the data analysis network element sends a subscription message to the second network element, and the subscription message is used to request Subscribe to network element performance information; when the reporting conditions are met, the second network element sends network element performance information to the data analysis network element, where the reporting conditions include one or more of the following: the reporting period arrives, and the data analysis network element subscribes The network performance information of the second network element reaches the threshold.
  • the network element performance information here includes one or more of the following: load of the network element, throughput of the network element, and number of users of the network element.
  • Step 610 The data analysis network element sends the network element performance information of the first area to the first network element.
  • the data analysis network element may also obtain the network element performance information of the third network element corresponding to the second area and send it to The first network element.
  • the data analysis network element can send the network element performance information of the network element corresponding to a certain area subscribed by the first network element to the first network element, so that the first network element can combine the performance of the network element And network performance parameter information to determine the network status that can be provided by the area, thereby helping the first network element to achieve precise control or application.
  • the following steps 611-612 may be included.
  • Step 611 The data analysis network element obtains the fault information of the network element corresponding to the first area from the OAM system corresponding to the first area.
  • the network element corresponding to the first area here refers to the above-mentioned second network element.
  • the data analysis network element can obtain the fault information of the network element corresponding to the first area from the OAM system by the following method: the data analysis network element sends a subscription message to the OAM system, and the subscription message is used to request subscription to the first area.
  • the fault information of the network element corresponding to the area when the reporting conditions are met, the OAM system sends the fault information of the network element corresponding to the first area to the data analysis network element, where the reporting condition may be: the network element corresponding to the first area occurs Fault alarm.
  • Step 612 The data analysis network element sends the fault information of the network element corresponding to the first area to the first network element.
  • the data analysis network element may also obtain the fault information of the third network element corresponding to the second area and send it to the first network element.
  • Network element may also obtain the fault information of the third network element corresponding to the second area and send it to the first network element.
  • the data analysis network element can send the fault information of the network element corresponding to a certain area subscribed by the first network element to the first network element, so that the first network element can combine the fault information of the network element and
  • the network performance parameter information determines the network status that can be provided by the area, thereby helping the first network element to achieve precise control or application.
  • any of the above schemes can be the same as the scheme of step 609-step.
  • the combination of 610 can also be combined with step 611 to step 612, and can also be combined with step 609 to step 610 and step 611 to step 612 above.
  • this application does not limit the setting methods and sizes of the various thresholds (the first threshold to the fifth threshold) in the above various solutions.
  • they may be pre-configured or notified by the first network element. (For example, through the first subscription message or other message notification).
  • NWDAF also known as network analysis function
  • the first network element is AF/NFs
  • the second network element is 5GC NFs as an example to give a specific implementation method
  • the data analysis network element includes The distributed network analysis function and the central network analysis function, the distributed network analysis function is used to subscribe to the information of its corresponding network element.
  • Step 701 AF/NFs subscribes network performance information and/or network performance prediction information to the network analysis function.
  • the network performance information here includes one or more of network performance parameter information obtained by RAN, network element failure information obtained by OAM, and network element performance information obtained by 5GC NFs.
  • Step 702a The network analysis function subscribes the network element fault information to the OAM.
  • the network elements here refer to: 5GC NFs (including but not limited to UPF, SMF, AMF, PCF, UDM, NRF) and RAN.
  • 5GC NFs including but not limited to UPF, SMF, AMF, PCF, UDM, NRF
  • the network element fault information here refers to: fault alarm.
  • Step 702b The network analysis function subscribes the network element performance information from the 5GC NFs.
  • the 5GC NFs here include but are not limited to UPF, SMF, AMF, PCF, UDM, and NRF.
  • Step 702c The network analysis function subscribes network performance parameter information from the RAN or directly collects network performance parameter information.
  • Step 702d The network analysis function subscribes to the RAN the location information and/or measurement report of the UE.
  • the network analysis function can also subscribe the location information of the UE to the network positioning system.
  • Step 703a OAM reports network element failure information to the network analysis function.
  • the condition for triggering the report may be: when a network element failure alarm occurs, the OAM reports to the network analysis function.
  • Step 703b 5GC NFs report network element performance information to the network analysis function.
  • the conditions that trigger the report can be one or more of the following:
  • Condition 1 Report regularly according to the period, where the period can be defined;
  • Condition 2 When the subscribed network performance parameters reach or fall below the threshold, the threshold can be defined.
  • Step 703c The RAN reports network performance information to the network analysis function.
  • the conditions that trigger the report can be one or more of the following:
  • Condition 1 Report regularly according to the period, where the period can be defined;
  • Condition 2 When the subscribed network performance parameters reach or fall below the threshold, the threshold can be defined.
  • Step 703d The RAN reports the location information or measurement report of the UE to the network analysis function.
  • the conditions that trigger the report can be one or more of the following:
  • Condition 1 UE's location information: the UE enters the RAN area for the first time, and is reported periodically when the cell where the UE is located changes;
  • Condition 2 UE's measurement report: when the RAN receives the UE's measurement report.
  • Step 704a The network analysis function performs positioning processing of the UE.
  • the network analysis function can directly obtain the location information of the UE, that is, the information of the cell where it is located. Further, if the network analysis function obtains the measurement report of the UE, it determines the longitude and latitude information of the UE according to the measurement report.
  • Step 704b The network analysis function draws the moving track of the UE and predicts the location of the UE.
  • the network analysis function can draw the movement trajectory of the UE's cell granularity or longitude and latitude granularity based on the UE's historical location information (cell, or latitude and longitude) and the UE's location information, and can also obtain the UE's moving direction and speed.
  • the predicted moving direction and speed of the UE may be expressed as: predicting the next cell that the UE will enter and the time point of entry. Among them, if the network performance parameter information of this "next cell" has not been subscribed from the RAN, the network analysis function needs to subscribe to the RAN the network performance parameter information of the cell.
  • Step 704c the network analysis function performs network performance analysis and network performance prediction.
  • the network analysis function performs network performance analysis based on the data received from OAM, 5GC NFs, and RAN, including one or more of the following:
  • the network analysis function predicts the network performance at a certain time point/segment in the future based on the historical network performance parameter information of the subscription area, the current network performance parameter information, and the current service status of RAN, 5GC NFs, etc.
  • Step 704d The network analysis function performs network performance mapping.
  • the network analysis function maps the original network performance parameters to a network performance level (such as good, normal, bad, etc.) according to the predefined mapping rules with AF.
  • Step 705 The network analysis function reports the subscribed network performance information and/or network performance prediction information to the AF/NFs.
  • the report can be triggered by one or more of the following methods:
  • the network performance information and/or network performance prediction information of the area are reported to AF/NFs for the first time; or when it is predicted that the UE will enter one or more new cells, the network performance information of the cell and / Or report network performance prediction information to AF/NFs;
  • step 701 subscribes to the network performance information of the "region corresponding to the movement track of a UE (or UE Group)"
  • the report can be triggered by one or more of the following methods:
  • the report can be triggered by one or more of the following methods:
  • the network analysis function reports network performance information and/or network performance prediction information of the subscribed network elements to NFs, which can be used by NFs to perform admission control, or generate load balancing strategies, or perform network function selection, or perform QoS control Wait.
  • FIG. 8 an example diagram of a network performance analysis scenario provided by this application.
  • This example provides real-time network performance information and network performance prediction information in a static area, and supports V2X services in a park.
  • the park has 4 cells, which are described as Cell 1, Cell 2, Cell 3, and Cell 4.
  • Two RAN devices are described as gNB1 and gNB2.
  • An AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, UDM, NRF are described as AMF1, SMF1, UPF1, PCF1, UDM1, and NRF1 respectively.
  • V2X Server is a distributed deployment method, with a central V2X Server (center); two distributed V2X Servers deployed in a sinking deployment are V2X Server1 and V2X Server2.
  • the network analysis function is a distributed deployment mode, a central "network analysis function (center)"; two sinking deployment of distributed network analysis functions, namely “network analysis function (distributed 1)” and “network analysis function” (Distributed 2)", deployed nearby V2X Server1 and V2X Server2 respectively.
  • V2X Server subscribes to the network analysis function of the network performance information and network performance prediction of the area, the steps are as follows:
  • Step 801 The V2X Server of the center sends a subscription message to the network analysis function of the center.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • the data in the cell can also be [network performance level, threshold].
  • Target area Cell 1, Cell 2, Cell 3, Cell 4;
  • the report destination in the cell can also be [Cell1, Cell3 to V2X Server1], [Cell2, Cell4 to V2X Server2].
  • threshold is used to indicate that when the corresponding network performance parameter information reaches the threshold, the current value of the network performance parameter is reported.
  • the first subscription report refers to the report when the subscribed data is obtained for the first time.
  • Threshold changes trigger reporting refers to reporting when the corresponding network performance parameter information reaches the threshold. Specifically, when the network performance parameter drops to the threshold or below, or when the network performance parameter prediction information recovers to the threshold or above, it is reported.
  • Periodic reporting refers to periodic reporting.
  • Predictive reporting refers to reporting the predicted information of network performance parameters at a point in time after a given "time interval" according to the reporting cycle.
  • Step 802 The network analysis function of the center sends a subscription message to OAM.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • Target network elements AMF1, SMF1, UPF1, PCF1, UDM1, NRF1, gNB1, gNB2;
  • Reporting method initial subscription report & report occurrence.
  • occurrence reporting refers to reporting when an event (such as a fault event) occurs.
  • Step 803 The network analysis function of the center sends a subscription message to AMF1, SMF1, UPF1, PCF1, UDM1, and NRF1.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • Reporting method initial subscription to report & (threshold change triggers report or periodic report [reporting period]).
  • the reporting method includes the initial subscription report, and also includes the threshold change triggering the report or the periodic report, and the report period can be optionally carried.
  • Step 804 The network analysis function of the center sends a subscription message to gNB1 and gNB2.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • Target cells Cell 1, Cell 2, Cell 3, Cell 4;
  • Reporting method initial subscription to report & (threshold change triggers report or periodic report [reporting period]).
  • this step 804 can also be replaced by a distributed network analysis function sending a subscription message to gNB1 and gNB2 respectively, then the "network analysis function (distributed 1)" subscribes to gNB1 the network performance parameter information of Cell1 and Cell3 ; “Network analysis function (distributed 2)” subscribes to gNB2 the network performance parameter information of Cell2 and Cell4.
  • the subscription message sent by the "network analysis function (distributed 1)" to gNB1 includes the same data and reporting method as the above-mentioned network analysis function of the center to send the subscription message to gNB1, but the target cell is Cell 1. Cell3.
  • the subscription message sent by the "Network Analysis Function (Distributed 2)" to gNB2 includes the same data and reporting method as the data and reporting method in the subscription message sent to gNB2 by the network analysis function of the center above, but the target cells are Cell2 and Cell4 .
  • Step 805 OAM sends a notification message to the network analysis function of the center.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • Step 806 AMF1, SMF1, UPF1, PCF1, UDM1, and NRF1 send notification messages to the network analysis function of the center.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • Step 807 gNB1 and gNB2 send notification messages to the network analysis function of the center.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • Cells Cell 1, Cell 2, Cell 3, Cell 4.
  • gNB1 and gNB2 respectively send notification messages to "network analysis function (distributed 1)" and "network analysis function (distributed 2)".
  • the notification message sent by gNB1 to the "network analysis function (distributed 1)" includes the same data as the data carried in the notification message sent by gNB1 to the network analysis function of the center, but the cells are Cell1 and Cell3.
  • the notification message sent by gNB2 to the "network analysis function (distributed 2)" includes the same data as the data carried in the notification message sent by gNB2 to the central network analysis function, but the cells are Cell2 and Cell4.
  • Step 808 The network analysis function analyzes and processes the received notification message.
  • the cell performance analysis can be performed according to the following steps:
  • Step 8081 if any one of AMF1, SMF1, UPF1, PCF1, UDM1, NRF1 is faulty, it is determined that the network performance of Cell1, Cell2, Cell3, and Cell4 cannot support the V2X service; otherwise, go to step 8082;
  • step 8082 if any of the network performance parameter information of AMF1, SMF1, UPF1, PCF1, UDM1, and NRF1 exceeds the normal serviceable threshold, it is determined that the network performance of Cell1, Cell2, Cell3, and Cell4 cannot support the V2X service; otherwise, go to Step 8083 and step 8085;
  • Step 8083 If gNB1 fails, the network performance of Cell1 and Cell3 cannot support the V2X service; otherwise, go to step 8084;
  • Step 8084 Check whether the network performance parameter information of each cell of Cell1 and Cell3 can support the V2X service; and, according to the historical network performance parameter information and current network performance parameter information of Cell1 and Cell3, respectively, predict the V2X Server subscription time Network performance parameter information of Cell1 and Cell3 after the interval; go to step 8087;
  • Step 8085 If gNB2 fails, the network performance of Cell2 and Cell4 cannot support the V2X service; otherwise, go to step 8086;
  • Step 8086 Check whether the network performance parameter information of each cell of Cell2 and Cell4 can support V2X services; and, according to the historical network performance parameter information and current network performance parameter information of Cell2 and Cell4, respectively, predict the V2X Server subscription time Network performance parameter information of Cell2 and Cell4 after the interval; go to step 8087;
  • Step 8087 the analysis process ends.
  • the network performance parameter information After obtaining the network performance parameter information of the cell granularity, you can report the network performance parameter information, or report the network performance parameter information and the performance information of the network element (such as whether the normal service can be provided and the value of the corresponding network performance parameter), or report Network performance parameter information, performance information of network elements, and which network elements have failed.
  • the network performance parameter information obtained by analysis/prediction may be mapped to a network performance level according to a predefined mapping rule.
  • mapping network performance parameter information to network performance level is as follows:
  • mapping rules are as follows:
  • AMF1, SMF1, UPF1, PCF1, UDM1, NRF1, and Cell1 are within the Normal threshold range;
  • the network performance parameter threshold interval can be defined, examples of definitions:
  • the value of the network performance parameter x ⁇ A, then the threshold interval of the network performance parameter x is Good;
  • Rule 11-12 The mapping rule of Cell2 is similar to rule 9-10. You can refer to the foregoing description and will not repeat it.
  • Rule 13-14 The mapping rule of Cell3 is similar to rule 9-10, please refer to the foregoing description, and will not repeat it.
  • Rule 15-16 The mapping rule of Cell4 is similar to rule 9-10, please refer to the foregoing description, and will not repeat it.
  • the data interaction between the central network analysis function and the distributed network analysis function may include:
  • the network analysis function of the center should synchronize the network element fault/alarm information with the distributed network analysis function
  • the network analysis function of the center shall synchronize the network performance information and/or network performance prediction information of AMF1, SMF1, UPF1, PCF1, UDM1, and NRF1 to the distributed network analysis function;
  • the network analysis function of the center shall synchronize the network performance information and/or network performance prediction information of the corresponding cell to Distributed network analysis function;
  • the distributed network analysis function will synchronize this network performance information to the central network analysis function.
  • Step 809 The network analysis function sends a notification message to the V2X Server.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • the data in the cell can also be [network performance level, value].
  • the network analysis function reports to the V2X Server when it obtains the network performance parameters/network performance prediction information of the area for the first time; subsequently, when the network performance information/network performance prediction information of the area changes across the threshold, then Report to V2X Server.
  • the central network analysis function can uniformly notify the network performance information of Cell 1, Cell 2, Cell 3, and Cell 4 to the central V2X Server; or the distributed network analysis function can separate Cell 1, The network performance information of Cell3 and Cell2, Cell4 is notified to the distributed V2X Server.
  • This embodiment has the following beneficial effects: it can subscribe to cell-level network performance information from gNB, perform cell-level network performance analysis and prediction, and provide V2X Server with accurate cell-level real-time network performance information/network performance prediction information.
  • FIG. 9 another example diagram of network performance analysis provided by this application. This example is based on subscribing to the RAN or collecting data based on bypass, providing network performance information/network performance prediction information according to the UE's movement trajectory, and supporting personal autonomous driving services.
  • gNB1 there are 4 cells in the area where the personal autonomous driving service can be run, which are described as Cell 1, Cell 2, Cell 3, and Cell 4.
  • Two gNBs are described as gNB1 and gNB2.
  • An AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, UDM, and NRF are described as AMF1, SMF1, UPF1, PCF1, UDM1, and NRF1 respectively.
  • V2X Server is a distributed deployment method, with a central V2X Server (center); two distributed V2X Servers deployed in a sinking deployment are V2X Server1 and V2X Server2.
  • the network analysis function is a distributed deployment mode, a central "network analysis function (center)"; two sinking deployment of distributed network analysis functions, namely “network analysis function (distributed 1)” and “network analysis function” (Distributed 2)", deployed nearby V2X Server1 and V2X Server2 respectively.
  • Two cars capable of autonomous driving are UE1 and UE2.
  • V2X Server subscribes the network performance information and network performance prediction information of the area to the network analysis function, the steps are as follows:
  • Step 901 The V2X Server of the center sends a subscription message to the network analysis function of the center.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • the data in the cell can also be [network performance level, threshold].
  • Target area Cell corresponding to the movement trajectory of UE1 and UE2;
  • the report destination in the cell can also be [Cell1, Cell3 to V2X Server1], [Cell2, Cell4 to V2X Server2].
  • the staying period threshold change reporting refers to reporting when the network performance information changes and reaches the threshold while the UE stays in the cell.
  • Step 902 The network analysis function of the center sends a subscription message to OAM.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • Target network elements AMF1, SMF1, UPF1, PCF1, UDM1, NRF1, gNB1, gNB2;
  • Step 903 The network analysis function of the center sends a subscription message to AMF1, SMF1, UPF1, PCF1, UDM1, and NRF1.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • Reporting method initial subscription to report & (threshold change triggers report or periodic report [reporting period]).
  • Step 904 The network analysis function of the center sends a subscription message to gNB1 and gNB2.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • Target cells Cell 1, Cell 2, Cell 3, Cell 4;
  • Reporting method initial subscription to report & (threshold change triggers report or periodic report [reporting period]).
  • this step 904 can also be replaced by a distributed network analysis function sending a subscription message to gNB1 and gNB2 respectively, then the "network analysis function (distributed 1)" subscribes to gNB1 the performance data of Cell1 and Cell3; Network analysis function (distributed 2)” subscribes the performance data of Cell2 and Cell4 to gNB2.
  • the subscription message sent by the "network analysis function (distributed 1)" to gNB1 includes the same data and reporting method as the above-mentioned network analysis function of the center to send the subscription message to gNB1, but the target cell is Cell 1. Cell3.
  • the subscription message sent by the "Network Analysis Function (Distributed 2)" to gNB2 includes the same data and reporting method as the data and reporting method in the subscription message sent by the network analysis function of the center to gNB2, but the target cell is Cell 2, Cell4.
  • the distributed network analysis function can also collect data from gNB1 and gNB2 by the following method, that is, mirror data on the network interface link. Specifically, mirroring is performed on the enhanced-common public radio interface (eCPRI) and Xn interface link on the gNB1 side, and the data of these two interfaces is mirrored to the "Network Analysis Function (Distributed 1) ". Mirroring is performed on the eCPRI and Xn interface links on the gNB2 side, and the data of these two interfaces is mirrored to the "network analysis function (distributed 2)".
  • eCPRI enhanced-common public radio interface
  • Xn interface link on the gNB1 side
  • the distributed network analysis function can also collect data from gNB1 and gNB2 by the following method, that is, gNB copies and forwards the required network traffic to Network analysis function.
  • gNB1 copies the full amount of data on its eCPRI and Xn interfaces and forwards it to the "network analysis function (distributed 1)”.
  • gNB2 copies the full amount of data on its eCPRI and Xn interfaces and forwards it to the "Network Analysis Function (Distributed 2)".
  • gNB1 and gNB2 can also set forwarding rules, only copy and forward part of the traffic of the above interface, and the rules can be defined.
  • Step 905 The central or distributed network analysis function sends a subscription message to gNB1 and gNB2;
  • the information element of the message includes:
  • Target users UE 1, UE 2;
  • the information element of the message includes:
  • Measurement Report including RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, UE throughput (downlink, uplink, throughput of each network slice instance the UE accesses), CSI, etc.);
  • Target users UE 1, UE 2;
  • Reporting method continuous streaming report (that is, report as soon as gNB is obtained).
  • the first case above is always executed, and the second case is optional.
  • the above-mentioned first case is not executed, and the above-mentioned second case is executed.
  • the "network analysis function (distributed 1)" sends a subscription message to gNB1; the “network analysis function (distributed 2)” sends a subscription message to gNB1.
  • gNB2 sends a subscription message.
  • Step 906 OAM sends a notification message to the network analysis function of the center.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • Step 907 AMF1, SMF1, UPF1, PCF1, UDM1, and NRF1 send notification messages to the network analysis function of the center.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • Step 908 gNB1 and gNB2 send notification messages to the network analysis function of the center.
  • the information element of the message includes:
  • Cells Cell 1, Cell 2, Cell 3, Cell 4.
  • gNB1 and gNB2 send notification messages to the "network analysis function (distributed 1)" and “network analysis function (distributed 2)" respectively.
  • the notification message sent by gNB1 to the "network analysis function (distributed 1)" includes the same data as the data carried in the notification message sent by gNB1 to the network analysis function of the center, but the cells are Cell1 and Cell3.
  • the notification message sent by gNB2 to the "network analysis function (distributed 2)" includes the same data as the data carried in the notification message sent by gNB2 to the central network analysis function, but the cells are Cell2 and Cell4.
  • the information element of the message includes:
  • the above two situations can be combined, that is, the notification message carries the data in the above two situations, or two notification messages are sent, which respectively carry the information elements in the above two situations.
  • Step 909 The network analysis function analyzes and processes the received notification message.
  • the cell performance analysis can be performed in the manner of step 808 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the network analysis function can also determine the cells reported to the V2X Server: if the V2X Server has just subscribed and has not reported to the V2X Server, the information of the cell ID recently notified by the gNB is reported. If the V2X Server subscribes to "enter new cell report & stay period threshold change report", then report the cell ID information recently notified by gNB. If the V2X Server subscribes to "prediction report”, it will predict the next cell to enter and the time point according to the moving speed and direction of the UE, and report the information of this next cell.
  • the network performance parameter information obtained by analysis/prediction may be mapped to a network performance level according to a predefined mapping rule.
  • the data interaction between the central network analysis function and the distributed network analysis function may include:
  • the network analysis function of the center should synchronize the network element fault/alarm information with the distributed network analysis function
  • the network analysis function of the center shall synchronize the network performance information and/or network performance prediction information of AMF1, SMF1, UPF1, PCF1, UDM1, and NRF1 to the distributed network analysis function;
  • the network analysis function of the center will synchronize the reported Cell, Measurement Report, network performance information and/or network performance prediction information to the distributed network analysis function .
  • Case 2 If the information of gNB is subscribed by the distributed network analysis function, the distributed network analysis function will synchronize the analyzed UE movement trajectory to the central network analysis function, and the central network analysis function will send the UE The movement trajectory is further synchronized to other distributed network analysis functions.
  • the distributed network analysis function shall report the cell, cell-granular network performance parameter information and One or more of the network performance parameter prediction information is synchronized to the central network analysis function.
  • Step 910 The network analysis function sends a notification message to the V2X Server.
  • the information elements of this message include:
  • the data in the cell can also be [network performance level, value].
  • Region Cell x;
  • Time can also indicate that Cell x is the cell where the UE is currently located) or predicted time to enter a new cell (can also indicate that Cell x is a new cell predicted that the UE will enter).
  • the network analysis function when the network analysis function obtains the cell where the UE is located for the first time, it reports the cell's network performance information/network performance prediction information to the V2X Server; subsequently, during the stay of the cell, if the cell's network performance information /When the network performance prediction information changes across the threshold, it will be reported to the V2X Server. Subsequently, when the UE enters a new cell, the network performance information of the new cell is reported to the V2X Server; or the predicted network performance information of the new cell that the UE will enter and the time of entry are reported to the V2X Server, and the UE enters this cell.
  • the new cell Before the new cell, if the cell’s network performance changes across the threshold, it must be reported to the V2X Server; later, if the predicted new cell changes, that is, if the prediction result is revised, the new "next cell" must be added , Report the entry time and its network performance information to the V2X Server.
  • the central network analysis function can uniformly notify the central V2X Server of the network performance information; the distributed network analysis function can also separately analyze the network performance of Cell 1, Cell3, Cell 2, and Cell 4. The information is notified to the distributed V2X Server.
  • the V2X Server can be provided with real-time network performance information/network performance prediction information based on accurate UE movement tracks.
  • each network element described above includes hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to each function.
  • the present invention can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software-driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered as going beyond the scope of the present invention.
  • the apparatus 1100 may exist in the form of software or hardware.
  • the apparatus 1100 may include: a processing unit 1102 and a communication unit 1101.
  • the communication unit 1101 may include a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the processing unit 1102 is used to control and manage the actions of the device 1100.
  • the communication unit 1101 is used to support communication between the device 1100 and other network entities.
  • the processing unit 1102 may be a processor or a controller, for example, a general-purpose central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processing (digital signal processing, DSP), and an application specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit). circuits, ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application.
  • the processor may also be a combination for realizing computing functions, for example, including a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and so on.
  • the communication unit 1101 is an interface circuit of the device for receiving signals from other devices.
  • the communication unit 1101 is an interface circuit used by the chip to receive signals from other chips or devices, or an interface circuit used by the chip to send signals to other chips or devices.
  • the apparatus 1100 may be a data analysis network element, a second network element, an access network device or OAM in the above embodiment, and may also be a chip used for a data analysis network element, a second network element, an access network device, or OAM .
  • the processing unit 1102 may be a processor, for example, and the communication unit 1101 may be a transceiver, for example.
  • the transceiver may include a radio frequency circuit, and the storage unit may be, for example, a memory.
  • the processing unit 1102 may be a processor, for example, and the communication unit 1101 may be an input/output interface, Pins or circuits, etc.
  • the processing unit 1102 can execute computer-executable instructions stored in the storage unit.
  • the storage unit is a storage unit in the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc., and the storage unit can also be the data analysis network element or the second network.
  • a storage unit located outside the chip such as read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, and random access memory ( random access memory, RAM), etc.
  • the device 1100 is the data analysis network element in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication unit 1101 is configured to receive a first subscription message from a first network element, where the first subscription message is used to request a subscription to the network performance parameter information of the first area; the access network device corresponding to the first area obtains The network performance parameter information of the first area, the network performance parameter information of the first area is used to indicate the network performance of the first area; and, when the processing unit 1102 determines that the first reporting condition is satisfied,
  • the first network element sends the network performance parameter information of the first area or sends the network performance level corresponding to the network performance parameter information of the first area, and the network performance level is used to indicate the network of the first area
  • the performance is good or bad; the processing unit 1102 is configured to determine that the first report condition is satisfied.
  • the communication unit 1101 is specifically configured to: send a second subscription message to the access network device corresponding to the first area, and the second subscription message is used to request subscription to the first area.
  • Network performance parameter information of a region ; receiving network performance parameter information of the first region from the access network device corresponding to the first region, where the network performance parameter information of the first region is when a second reporting condition is met
  • the second reporting condition includes one or more of the following: the reporting period arrives, and the network performance parameter information of the first area subscribed by the data analysis network element reaches a first threshold.
  • the network performance parameter information of the first area includes network performance parameters and corresponding values
  • the network performance parameters include one or more of the following: radio resource control RRC connection number, protocol Data unit PDU sessions, physical resource block PRB utilization, handover success rate, handover failure rate, device-to-device D2D resource utilization, Uu port resource utilization, physical downlink control channel PDCCH congestion, random access channel RACH success rate, RACH failure rate, air interface delay.
  • the first area includes one or more cells, and the first subscription message includes the identity of the one or more cells; or, the first area includes one or more cells.
  • a tracking area, and the first subscription message includes an identifier of the one or more tracking areas.
  • the first reporting condition includes one or more of the following: the network performance parameter information subscribed by the first network element reaches a second threshold, and the data analysis network element is first The network performance parameter information of the first area is acquired twice.
  • the first subscription message is also used to request to subscribe to the network performance parameter prediction information of the first area;
  • the processing unit 1102 is also used to request the network performance of the first area Parameter information and historical network performance parameter information of the first area to determine network performance parameter prediction information of the first area;
  • the communication unit 1101 is further configured to: when the processing unit 1102 determines that the third reporting condition is satisfied , Sending the network performance parameter prediction information of the first area to the first network element.
  • the third report condition includes one or more of the following: the network performance parameter prediction information of the first area subscribed by the first network element reaches a third threshold, and the device first The network performance parameter prediction information of the first area is acquired twice.
  • the first subscription message includes an identifier of a terminal device, and the first area is a cell where the terminal device is located.
  • the first reporting condition includes one or more of the following: the terminal device enters the first area, and the network performance of the first area subscribed by the first network element The parameter information reaches the fourth threshold.
  • the first subscription message is also used to request to subscribe to the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area, where the second area is the next cell that the terminal device will enter;
  • the communication unit 1101 is further configured to obtain network performance parameter information of the second area from an access network device corresponding to the second area, and the network performance parameter information of the second area is used to indicate the second area
  • the processing unit 1102 is further configured to determine the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area according to the network performance parameter information of the second area and the historical network performance parameter information of the second area;
  • the communication unit 1101 is further configured to send the network performance parameter prediction information of the second area to the first network element when the processing unit 1102 determines that the fourth reporting condition is satisfied.
  • the fourth reporting condition includes one or more of the following: determining that the terminal device is about to enter the second area, and the network performance of the second area subscribed by the first network element The parameter prediction information reaches the fifth threshold.
  • the communication unit 1101 is further configured to obtain the location information of the terminal device from the access network device corresponding to the first area, and the location information of the terminal device is the first area.
  • Information of a region the processing unit 1102 is further configured to determine the movement track of the terminal device according to the position information of the terminal device and the historical position information of the terminal device, and the movement track is used to indicate the terminal device The moving direction of the device and the position it passes through when moving; according to the moving trajectory and network topology, information about the second area that the terminal device will enter is determined, and the network topology is used to indicate the distribution of cells in the network Location, each of the cells includes the first area and the second area.
  • the communication unit 1101 is specifically configured to: send a third subscription message to the access network device corresponding to the first area, and the third subscription message is used to request subscription to the terminal
  • the location information of the device is received from the access network device, and the location information of the terminal device is sent when a fifth reporting condition is met; wherein, the fifth reporting condition includes the following One or more items: the location of the terminal device changes and the reporting period arrives.
  • the communication unit 1101 is further configured to obtain a measurement report of the terminal device from the access network device; the processing unit 1102 is further configured to obtain a measurement report from the terminal device Report, determine the latitude and longitude information of the terminal device; determine the movement trajectory of the terminal device according to the latitude and longitude information of the terminal device and the latitude and longitude information of the terminal device, and the movement trajectory is used to indicate the movement direction of the terminal device And the position passed by when moving; according to the movement trajectory and the network topology, the second area that the terminal device will enter is determined, and the network topology is used to indicate the distribution position of each cell in the network. Including the first area and the second area.
  • the communication unit 1101 is specifically configured to: send a fourth subscription message to the access network device corresponding to the first area, where the fourth subscription message is used to request subscription to the terminal
  • the measurement report of the device the measurement report of the terminal device is received from the access network device corresponding to the first area, and the measurement report of the terminal device is sent when the sixth reporting condition is satisfied; wherein, the sixth The reporting conditions include one or more of the following: the access network device corresponding to the first area receives the measurement report, and the reporting period arrives.
  • the measurement report of the terminal device includes one or more of the following: reference signal received power RSRP, reference signal received quality RSRQ, signal to interference plus noise ratio SNR, and throughput of the terminal device Quantity, channel state information CSI.
  • the communication unit 1101 is further configured to: obtain network element performance information from a second network element corresponding to the first area, and the network element performance information is used to indicate the second network element The performance status of the network element; sending the network element performance information of the first area to the first network element.
  • the network element performance information includes one or more of the following: load of the network element, throughput of the network element, and number of users of the network element.
  • the communication unit 1101 is further configured to: obtain the fault information of the network element corresponding to the first area from the operation, management and maintenance OAM system corresponding to the first area; A network element sends fault information of the network element corresponding to the first area.
  • the device 1100 is the second network element in the foregoing embodiment, and the communication unit 1101 is configured to receive a subscription message from a data analysis network element, and the subscription message is used to request subscription to the second network.
  • the network element performance information of the element is used to indicate the performance status of the second network element; when the reporting conditions are met, the communication unit 1101 is further used to send the second network element to the data analysis network element Network element performance information of the second network element.
  • the reporting condition includes one or more of the following: a reporting period arrives, and the network performance information of the second network element subscribed by the data analysis network element reaches a threshold.
  • the network element performance information includes one or more of the following: load of the network element, throughput of the network element, and number of users of the network element.
  • the apparatus 1100 is the access network device in the above embodiment, and the communication unit 1101 is configured to receive a second subscription message from a data analysis network element, and the second subscription message is used to request Subscribe to the network performance parameter information of the first area, where the network performance parameter information of the first area is used to indicate the network performance of the first area; and, when the processing unit 1102 determines that the second reporting condition is met, it reports to the The data analysis network element sends the network performance parameter information of the first area; the processing unit 1102 is configured to determine that the second reporting condition is satisfied.
  • the second reporting condition includes one or more of the following: a reporting period arrives, and the network performance parameter information of the first area subscribed by the data analysis network element reaches a first threshold.
  • the network performance parameter information of the first area includes network performance parameters and corresponding values
  • the network performance parameters include one or more of the following: radio resource control RRC connection number, protocol Data unit PDU sessions, physical resource block PRB utilization, handover success rate, handover failure rate, device-to-device D2D resource utilization, Uu port resource utilization, physical downlink control channel PDCCH congestion, random access channel RACH success rate, RACH failure rate, air interface delay.
  • the communication unit 1101 is further configured to: receive a third subscription message from the data analysis network element, where the third subscription message is used to request a subscription to the location information of the terminal device;
  • the processing unit 1102 determines that the fifth reporting condition is satisfied, it sends the location information of the terminal device to the data analysis network element.
  • the fifth reporting condition includes one or more of the following: the location of the terminal device changes, and the reporting period arrives.
  • the communication unit 1101 is further configured to: receive a fourth subscription message from the data analysis network element, where the fourth subscription message is used to request a subscription to the measurement report of the terminal device; When the processing unit 1102 determines that the sixth reporting condition is satisfied, it sends the measurement report of the terminal device to the data analysis network element.
  • the sixth reporting condition includes one or more of the following: the communication unit 1101 receives the measurement report of the terminal device, and the reporting period arrives.
  • the measurement report of the terminal device includes one or more of the following: reference signal received power RSRP, reference signal received quality RSRP, signal to interference plus noise ratio SNR, and throughput of the terminal device Quantity, channel state information CSI.
  • the device 1100 is the OAM in the above embodiment.
  • the communication unit 1101 is configured to receive a subscription message from a data analysis network element, the subscription message is used to request to subscribe to the fault information of the network element corresponding to the first area; when the reporting condition is met, the communication unit 1101 is also used to The data analysis network element sends the fault information of the network element corresponding to the first area.
  • the reporting condition includes: a fault alarm occurs in a network element corresponding to the first area.
  • the apparatus may be the data analysis network element, the second network element, the access network equipment or the OAM in the above embodiment.
  • the device 1200 includes a processor 1202 and a communication interface 1203.
  • the device 1200 may further include a memory 1201.
  • the apparatus 1200 may further include a communication line 1204.
  • the communication interface 1203, the processor 1202, and the memory 1201 may be connected to each other through a communication line 1204;
  • the communication line 1204 may be a peripheral component interconnection standard (peripheral component interconnect, PCI for short) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (extended industry standard architecture) , Referred to as EISA) bus and so on.
  • the communication line 1204 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, only one thick line is used to represent in FIG. 12, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the processor 1202 may be a CPU, a microprocessor, an ASIC, or one or more integrated circuits used to control the execution of the program of the present application.
  • the communication interface 1203 uses any device such as a transceiver to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), Wired access network, etc.
  • RAN radio access network
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • Wired access network etc.
  • the memory 1201 may be a ROM or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, RAM or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory).
  • read-only memory EEPROM
  • compact disc read-only memory, CD-ROM
  • optical disc storage including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.
  • magnetic disks A storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the memory can exist independently and is connected to the processor through the communication line 1204. The memory can also be integrated with the processor.
  • the memory 1201 is used to store computer-executed instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the processor 1202 controls the execution.
  • the processor 1202 is configured to execute computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1201, so as to implement the method for reporting network performance provided by the foregoing embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer-executable instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application program code, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • At least one (piece, species) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or Multiple.
  • Multiple refers to two or more, and other measure words are similar.
  • "a device” means to one or more such devices.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.
  • the various illustrative logic units and circuits described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by general-purpose processors, digital signal processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, Discrete gates or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of the above are designed to implement or operate the described functions.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, and optionally, the general-purpose processor may also be any traditional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
  • the processor can also be implemented by a combination of computing devices, such as a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a digital signal processor core, or any other similar configuration achieve.
  • the steps of the method or algorithm described in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embedded in hardware, a software unit executed by a processor, or a combination of the two.
  • the software unit can be stored in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM or any other storage medium in the art.
  • the storage medium may be connected to the processor, so that the processor can read information from the storage medium, and can store and write information to the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may also be integrated into the processor.
  • the processor and the storage medium can be arranged in the ASIC.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce computer-implemented processing, so as to execute on the computer or other programmable equipment.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing functions specified in a flow or multiple flows in the flowchart and/or a block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种网络性能的上报方法及装置。该方法包括：数据分析网元从第一网元接收第一订阅消息，第一订阅消息用于请求订阅第一区域的网络性能参数信息；数据分析网元从第一区域对应的接入网设备获取第一区域的网络性能参数信息，第一区域的网络性能参数信息用于指示第一区域的网络性能；数据分析网元确定满足第一上报条件时，向第一网元发送第一区域的网络性能参数信息或发送第一区域的网络性能参数信息对应的网络性能等级，网络性能等级用于指示所述第一区域的网络性能的好坏。由于第一网元从接入网设备获取到的网络性能参数信息更能够准确体现小区的实时网络性能，从而使得第一网元可以做更为精确的控制或应用。

Description

一种网络性能的上报方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2019年07月03日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910595257.9、申请名称为“一种网络性能的上报方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及移动通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种网络性能的上报方法及装置。
背景技术
第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)规范，在第五代(5th generation，5G)网络架构中的NWDAF可以进行网络数据分析。网络数据分析功能(NetWork Data Analysis Function，NWDAF)可以从网络功能网元(network function，NF)网元以及操作管理维护(Operation,Administration,and Maintenance，OAM)系统获取数据，经过分析处理，将结果提供给NF网元、应用功能(application function，AF)使用。
由于NWDAF进行分析的数据一般是从NF网元、OAM系统获取的，而这些数据并不是实时的最新数据，因而不能准确地反映当前的网络性能。
发明内容
本申请提供一种网络性能的上报方法及装置，用以获取实时准确的网络性能。
第一方面，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报方法，该方法包括：数据分析网元从第一网元接收第一订阅消息，所述第一订阅消息用于请求订阅第一区域的网络性能参数信息；所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备获取所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息用于指示所述第一区域的网络性能；所述数据分析网元确定满足第一上报条件时，向所述第一网元发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息或发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息对应的网络性能等级，所述网络性能等级用于指示所述第一区域的网络性能的好坏。基于该方案，第一网元可以向数据分析网元订阅网络性能参数信息，数据分析网元在从接入网设备获取到网络性能参数信息后，可以向第一网元上报网络性能参数信息，由于从接入网设备获取到的网络性能参数信息更能够准确的体现小区的实时性能，因而使得第一网元可以做更为精确的控制或应用。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备获取所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息，包括：所述数据分析网元向所述第一区域对应的接入网设备发送第二订阅消息，所述第二订阅消息用于请求订阅所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息；所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备接收所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息是在满足第二上报条件时发送的；其中，所述第二上报条件包括以下一项或多项：上报周期到达、所述数据分析网元订阅的所述第一 区域的网络性能参数信息达到第一阈值。基于该方案，数据分析网元通过订阅的方式从接入网设备获取网络性能参数信息，有助于实现自动化获取网络性能参数信息。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息包括网络性能参数和相应的取值，所述网络性能参数包括以下一项或多项：无线资源控制RRC连接数、协议数据单元PDU会话数、物理资源块PRB利用率、切换成功率、切换失败率、设备到设备D2D资源利用率、Uu口资源利用率、物理下行控制信道PDCCH拥塞、随机接入信道RACH成功率、RACH失败率、空口时延。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一区域包括一个或多个小区，所述第一订阅消息包括所述一个小区或多个小区的标识；或者，所述第一区域包括一个或多个跟踪区域，所述第一订阅消息包括所述一个或多个跟踪区域的标识。基于该方案，可以订阅第一区域内的网络性能参数信息，从而实现对给定区域内的网络性能的监控。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述第一网元订阅的所述网络性能参数信息达到第二阈值、所述数据分析网元第一次获取到所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一订阅消息还用于请求订阅所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息；所述方法还包括：所述数据分析网元根据所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息和所述第一区域的历史网络性能参数信息，确定所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息；所述数据分析网元确定满足第三上报条件时，向所述第一网元发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息。基于该方案，还可以获取第一区域内的网络性能参数预测信息，从而实现对给定区域内的未来一段时间的网络性能的监控。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第三上报条件包括以下一项或多项：第一网元订阅的所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息达到第三阈值、所述数据分析网元第一次获取到所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一订阅消息包括终端设备的标识，所述第一区域为所述终端设备所在的小区。基于该方案，可以获取终端设备所在的小区内的网络性能参数，从而可以判断网络性能对终端设备的影响。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述终端设备进入所述第一区域、所述第一网元订阅的所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息达到第四阈值。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一订阅消息还用于请求订阅所述第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息，所述第二区域为所述终端设备将要进入的下一个小区；所述方法还包括：所述数据分析网元从所述第二区域对应的接入网设备获取所述第二区域的网络性能参数信息，所述第二区域的网络性能参数信息用于指示所述第二区域的网络性能；所述数据分析网元根据所述第二区域的网络性能参数信息和所述第二区域的历史网络性能参数信息，确定所述第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息；所述数据分析网元确定满足第四上报条件时，向所述第一网元发送所述第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息。基于该方案，可以获取终端设备所在的小区内的网络性能预测参数，从而可以判断未来一段时间的网络性能对终端设备的影响。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第四上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述数据分析网元确定所述终端设备将要进入所述第二区域、第一网元订阅的所述第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息达到第五阈值。
在一种可能的实现方法中，还包括：所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备获取所述终端设备的位置信息，所述终端设备的位置信息为所述第一区域的信息；所述数据分析网元根据所述终端设备的位置信息和所述终端设备的历史位置信息，确定所述终端设备的移动轨迹，所述移动轨迹用于指示所终端设备的移动方向和移动时经过的位置；所述数据分析网元根据所述移动轨迹和网络拓扑结构，确定终端设备将要进入的所述第二区域的信息，所述网络拓扑结构用于指示网络中的各个小区的分布位置，所述各个小区包括所述第一区域和所述第二区域。基于该方案，给出了一种确定小区粒度的终端设备移动轨迹的方法，从而可以预测终端设备将要进入的下一小区的信息，进而可以根据该下一小区的网络性能参数信息，判断网络性能对终端设备的影响。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的所述接入网设备获取所述终端设备的位置信息，包括：所述数据分析网元向所述第一区域对应的接入网设备发送第三订阅消息，所述第三订阅消息用于请求订阅所述终端设备的位置信息；所述数据分析网元从所述接入网设备接收所述终端设备的位置信息，所述终端设备的位置信息是在满足第五上报条件时发送的；其中，所述第五上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述终端设备的位置发生变化、上报周期到达。
在一种可能的实现方法中，还包括：所述数据分析网元从所述接入网设备获取所述终端设备的测量报告；所述数据分析网元根据所述终端设备的测量报告，确定所述终端设备的经纬度信息；所述数据分析网元根据所述终端设备的经纬度信息和所述终端设备的经纬度信息，确定所述终端设备的移动轨迹，所述移动轨迹用于指示所终端设备的移动方向和移动时经过的位置；所述数据分析网元根据所述移动轨迹和网络拓扑结构，确定终端设备将要进入的所述第二区域，所述网络拓扑结构用于指示网络中的各个小区的分布位置，所述各个小区包括所述第一区域和所述第二区域。基于该方案，给出了一种确定经纬度粒度的终端设备移动轨迹的方法，从而可以预测终端设备将要进入的下一小区的信息，进而可以根据该下一小区的网络性能参数信息，判断网络性能对终端设备的影响。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述数据分析网元从所述接入网设备获取所述终端设备的测量报告，包括：所述数据分析网元向所述第一区域对应的接入网设备发送第四订阅消息，所述第四订阅消息用于请求订阅所述终端设备的测量报告；所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备接收所述终端设备的测量报告，所述终端设备的测量报告是在满足第六上报条件时发送的；其中，所述第六上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述第一区域对应的接入网设备接收到所述测量报告、上报周期到达。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述终端设备的测量报告包括以下一项或多项：参考信号接收功率RSRP、参考信号接收质量RSRQ、信号与干扰加噪声比SNR、所述终端设备的吞吐量、信道状态信息CSI。
在一种可能的实现方法中，还包括：所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的第二网元获取网元性能信息，所述网元性能信息用于指示所述第二网元的性能状况；所述数据分析网元向所述第一网元发送所述第一区域的网元性能信息。基于该方案，数据分析网元还从第二网元获取网元性能信息，有助于更为准确地确定第一区域的网络性能。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述网元性能信息包括以下一项或多项：网元的负荷、网元的吞吐量、网元的用户数。
在一种可能的实现方法中，还包括：所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的操作管 理维护OAM系统获取所述第一区域对应的网元的故障信息；所述数据分析网元向所述第一网元发送所述第一区域对应的网元的故障信息。基于该方案，数据分析网元还从OAM系统获取网元的故障信息，有助于更为准确地确定第一区域的网络性能。
第二方面，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报方法，该方法包括：接入网设备从数据分析网元接收第二订阅消息，所述第二订阅消息用于请求订阅第一区域的网络性能参数信息，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息用于指示所述第一区域的网络性能；当满足第二上报条件时，所述接入网设备向所述数据分析网元发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息。基于该方案，由于数据分析网元从接入网设备获取到的网络性能参数信息更能够准确的体现小区的实时性能，因而可以做更为精确的控制或应用。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第二上报条件包括以下一项或多项：上报周期到达、所述数据分析网元订阅的所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息达到第一阈值。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息包括网络性能参数和相应的取值，所述网络性能参数包括以下一项或多项：无线资源控制RRC连接数、协议数据单元PDU会话数、物理资源块PRB利用率、切换成功率、切换失败率、设备到设备D2D资源利用率、Uu口资源利用率、物理下行控制信道PDCCH拥塞、随机接入信道RACH成功率、RACH失败率、空口时延。
在一种可能的实现方法中，还包括：所述接入网设备从所述数据分析网元接收第三订阅消息，所述第三订阅消息用于请求订阅所述终端设备的位置信息；当满足第五上报条件时，所述接入网设备向所述数据分析网元发送所述终端设备的位置信息。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第五上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述终端设备的位置发生变化、上报周期到达。
在一种可能的实现方法中，还包括：所述接入网设备从所述数据分析网元接收第四订阅消息，所述第四订阅消息用于请求订阅所述终端设备的测量报告；当满足第六上报条件时，所述接入网设备向所述数据分析网元发送所述终端设备的测量报告。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第六上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述第一区域对应的接入网设备接收到所述终端设备的测量报告、上报周期到达。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述终端设备的测量报告包括以下一项或多项：参考信号接收功率RSRP、参考信号接收质量RSRP、信号与干扰加噪声比SNR、所述终端设备的吞吐量、信道状态信息CSI。
第三方面，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报方法，该方法包括：OAM系统从数据分析网元接收订阅消息，所述订阅消息用于请求订阅第一区域对应的网元的故障信息；当满足上报条件时，所述OAM系统向所述数据分析网元发送所述第一区域对应的网元的故障信息。基于该方案，数据分析网元从OAM系统获取网元的故障信息，有助于更为准确地确定第一区域的网络性能。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述上报条件包括：所述第一区域对应的网元发生故障告警。
第四方面，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报方法，该方法包括：第二网元从数据分析网元接收订阅消息，所述订阅消息用于请求订阅所述第二网元的网元性能信息，所述网元性能信息用于指示所述第二网元的性能状况；当满足上报条件时，第二网元向所述数据分析网元发送所述第二网元的网元性能信息。基于该方案，数据分析网元从第二网元获取网 元性能信息，有助于更为准确地确定第一区域的网络性能。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述上报条件包括以下一项或多项：上报周期到达、所述数据分析网元订阅的所述第二网元的网络性能信息达到阈值。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述网元性能信息包括以下一项或多项：网元的负荷、网元的吞吐量、网元的用户数。
第五方面，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报装置，该装置可以是数据分析网元，还可以是用于数据分析网元的芯片。该装置具有实现上述第一方面的各实施例的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第六方面，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报装置，该装置可以是接入网设备，还可以是用于接入网设备的芯片。该装置具有实现上述第二方面的各实施例的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第七方面，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报装置，该装置可以是OAM系统，还可以是用于OAM系统的芯片。该装置具有实现上述第三方面的各实施例的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第八方面，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报装置，该装置可以是第二网元，还可以是用于第二网元的芯片。该装置具有实现上述第四方面的各实施例的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第九方面，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报装置，包括处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当该装置运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该装置执行如上述各方面所述的方法。
第十方面，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报装置，包括用于执行上述各方面的各个步骤的单元或手段(means)。
第十一方面，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报装置，包括处理器和接口电路，所述处理器用于通过接口电路与其它装置通信，并执行上述各方面所述的方法。该处理器包括一个或多个。
第十二方面，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报装置，包括处理器，用于与存储器相连，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序，以执行上述各方面所述的方法。该存储器可以位于该装置之内，也可以位于该装置之外。且该处理器包括一个或多个。
第十三方面，本申请还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得处理器执行上述各方面所述的方法。
第十四方面，本申请还提供一种包括指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述各方面所述的方法。
第十五方面，本申请还提供一种芯片系统，包括：处理器，用于执行上述各方面所述的方法。
第十六方面，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报方法，该方法包括：
数据分析网元从第一网元接收第一订阅消息，所述第一订阅消息用于请求订阅第一区 域的网络性能参数信息；
所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备获取所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息用于指示所述第一区域的网络性能；
所述数据分析网元确定满足第一上报条件时，向所述第一网元发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息或发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息对应的网络性能等级，所述网络性能等级用于指示所述第一区域的网络性能的好坏；
所述第一网元从所述数据分析网元接收所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息或接收所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息对应的网络性能等级。
第十七方面，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报系统，包括数据分析网元和第一网元；
所述数据分析网元，用于从所述第一网元接收第一订阅消息，所述第一订阅消息用于请求订阅第一区域的网络性能参数信息；从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备获取所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息用于指示所述第一区域的网络性能；确定满足第一上报条件时，向所述第一网元发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息或发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息对应的网络性能等级，所述网络性能等级用于指示所述第一区域的网络性能的好坏；
所述第一网元，用于从所述数据分析网元接收所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息或接收所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息对应的网络性能等级。
附图说明
图1A为基于服务化架构的5G网络架构示意图；
图1B为基于点对点接口的5G网络架构示意图；
图1C为本申请所适用的一种可能的网络架构；
图2为V2X示意图；
图3为本申请提供的一种网络分析功能的部署方式；
图4为AMF侧和SMF侧的网络分析功能部署的一个示例；
图5为本申请提供的网络分析功能的内部功能模块示例图；
图6为本申请提供的一种网络性能的上报方法流程示意图；
图7为本申请提供的又一种网络性能的上报方法流程示意图；
图8为本申请提供的网络性能分析的一个场景示例图；
图9为本申请提供的网络性能分析的又一个场景示例图；
图10A为通过网络接口链路上的镜像数据采集数据示意图；
图10B为通过流量复制采集数据示意图；
图11为本申请提供的一种网络性能的上报装置示意图；
图12为本申请提供的又一种网络性能的上报装置示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。方法实施例中的具体操作方法也可以应用于装置实施例或系统实施例中。其中，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
如图1A所示，为基于服务化架构的5G网络架构示意图。图1A所示的5G网络架构中可包括三部分，分别是终端设备部分、数据网络(data network，DN)和运营商网络部分。下面对其中的部分网元的功能进行简单介绍说明。
其中，运营商网络可包括以下网元中的一个或多个：网络开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)网元、策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)网元、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)网元、网络仓库功能(network function repository function，NRF)网元、AF网元、NWDAF网元、认证服务器功能(authentication server function，AUSF)网元、接入与移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元、(无线)接入网((radio)access network，(R)AN)以及用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元等。上述运营商网络中，除(无线)接入网部分之外的部分可以称为核心网络部分。为方便说明，后续以(R)AN称为RAN为例进行说明。
终端设备，也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)，是一种具有无线收发功能的设备，可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。所述终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。为方便说明，本申请中后续将终端设备称为UE。
上述终端设备可通过运营商网络提供的接口(例如N1等)与运营商网络建立连接，使用运营商网络提供的数据和/或语音等服务。终端设备还可通过运营商网络访问DN，使用DN上部署的运营商业务，和/或第三方提供的业务。其中，上述第三方可为运营商网络和终端设备之外的服务方，可为终端设备提供他数据和/或语音等服务。其中，上述第三方的具体表现形式，具体可根据实际应用场景确定，在此不做限制。
RAN是运营商网络的子网络，是运营商网络中业务节点与终端设备之间的实施系统。终端设备要接入运营商网络，首先是经过RAN，进而可通过RAN与运营商网络的业务节点连接。本申请中的RAN设备，是一种为终端设备提供无线通信功能的设备，RAN设备也称为接入网设备。本申请中的RAN设备包括但不限于：5G中的下一代基站(g nodeB，gNB)、演进型节点B(evolved node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved nodeB，或home node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseBand unit，BBU)、传输点(transmitting and receiving point，TRP)、发射点(transmitting point，TP)、移动交换中心等。为方便说明，本申请中将RAN设备简称为RAN。
AMF网元，是由运营商网络提供的控制面网元，负责终端设备接入运营商网络的接入控制和移动性管理，例如包括移动状态管理，分配用户临时身份标识，认证和授权用户等功能。
SMF网元，是由运营商网络提供的控制面网元，负责管理终端设备的协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话。PDU会话是一个用于传输PDU的通道，终端设备需要 通过PDU会话与DN互相传送PDU。PDU会话由SMF网元负责建立、维护和删除等。SMF网元包括会话管理(如会话建立、修改和释放，包含UPF和AN之间的隧道维护)、UPF网元的选择和控制、业务和会话连续性(Service and Session Continuity，SSC)模式选择、漫游等会话相关的功能。
UPF网元，是由运营商提供的网关，是运营商网络与DN通信的网关。UPF网元包括数据包路由和传输、包检测、业务用量上报、服务质量(Quality of Service,QoS)处理、合法监听、上行包检测、下行数据包存储等用户面相关的功能。
DN，也可以称为分组数据网络(packet data network，PDN)，是位于运营商网络之外的网络，运营商网络可以接入多个DN，DN上可部署多种业务，可为终端设备提供数据和/或语音等服务。例如，DN是某智能工厂的私有网络，智能工厂安装在车间的传感器可为终端设备，DN中部署了传感器的控制服务器，控制服务器可为传感器提供服务。传感器可与控制服务器通信，获取控制服务器的指令，根据指令将采集的传感器数据传送给控制服务器等。又例如，DN是某公司的内部办公网络，该公司员工的手机或者电脑可为终端设备，员工的手机或者电脑可以访问公司内部办公网络上的信息、数据资源等。
UDM网元，是由运营商提供的控制面网元，负责存储运营商网络中签约用户的用户永久标识符(subscriber permanent identifier，SUPI)、信任状(credential)、安全上下文(security context)、签约数据等信息。UDM网元所存储的这些信息可用于终端设备接入运营商网络的认证和授权。其中，上述运营商网络的签约用户具体可为使用运营商网络提供的业务的用户，例如使用中国电信的手机芯卡的用户，或者使用中国移动的手机芯卡的用户等。上述签约用户的永久签约标识(Subscription Permanent Identifier，SUPI)可为该手机芯卡的号码等。上述签约用户的信任状、安全上下文可为该手机芯卡的加密密钥或者跟该手机芯卡加密相关的信息等存储的小文件，用于认证和/或授权。上述安全上下文可为存储在用户本地终端(例如手机)上的数据(cookie)或者令牌(token)等。上述签约用户的签约数据可为该手机芯卡的配套业务，例如该手机芯卡的流量套餐或者使用网络等。需要说明的是，永久标识符、信任状、安全上下文、认证数据(cookie)、以及令牌等同认证、授权相关的信息，在本发明本申请文件中，为了描述方便起见不做区分、限制。如果不做特殊说明，本申请实施例将以用安全上下文为例进行来描述，但本申请实施例同样适用于其他表述方式的认证、和/或授权信息。
AUSF网元，是由运营商提供的控制面网元，通常可用于一级认证，即终端设备(签约用户)与运营商网络之间的认证。AUSF网元接收到签约用户发起的认证请求之后，可通过UDM网元中存储的认证信息和/或授权信息对签约用户进行认证和/或授权，或者通过UDM网元生成签约用户的认证和/或授权信息。AUSF网元可向签约用户反馈认证信息和/或授权信息。
NEF网元，是由运营商提供控制面网元。NEF网元以安全的方式对第三方开放运营商网络的对外接口。在SMF网元需要与第三方的网元通信时，NEF网元可作为SMF网元与第三方的网元通信的中继。NEF网元作为中继时，可作为签约用户的标识信息的翻译，以及第三方的网元的标识信息的翻译。比如，NEF将签约用户的SUPI从运营商网络发送到第三方时，可以将SUPI翻译成其对应的外部身份标识(identity，ID)。反之，NEF网元将外部ID(第三方的网元ID)发送到运营商网络时，可将其翻译成SUPI。
应用功能(Application Function，AF)网元，主要提供应用层服务，还支持与5G核 心网交互来提供服务，例如影响数据路由决策，策略控制功能或者向网络侧提供第三方的一些服务。在具体应用中，AF网元一般是指第三方服务器或应用服务器。
PCF网元，是由运营商提供的控制面功能，用于向网络网元提供策略。作为一种实现方式，策略可以包括接入控制策略、移动性管理策略、计费相关策略、QoS相关策略和授权相关策略等。
NRF网元，可用于提供网元发现功能，基于其他网元的请求，提供网元类型对应的网元信息，如地址信息和/或标识信息等。NRF还提供网元管理服务，如网元注册、更新、去注册以及网元状态订阅和推送等。
图1A中Nnef、Nausf、Npcf、Nudm、Naf、Namf、Nsmf、N1、N2、N3、N4，以及N6为接口序列号。这些接口序列号的含义可参见3GPP标准协议中定义的含义，在此不做限制。
如图1B所示，为基于点对点接口的5G网络架构示意图，其中的网元的功能的介绍可以参考图1A中对应的网元的功能的介绍，不再赘述。图1B与图1A的主要区别在于：图1B中的各个网元之间的接口是点对点的接口，而不是服务化的接口。
在图1B所示的架构中，其中，UE与AMF网元之间的接口称为N1接口，AMF网元与RAN设备之间的接口称为N2接口，RAN设备与UPF网元之间的接口可以称为N3接口，SMF网元与UPF网元之间的接口称为N4接口，PCF网元与AF网元之间的接口称为N5接口，UPF网元与DN之间的接口称为N6接口，SMF网元与PCF网元之间的接口称为N7接口，AMF网元与UDM网元之间的接口称为N8接口，不同UPF网元之间的接口称为N9接口，UDM网元与SMF网元之间的接口称为N10接口，AMF网元与SMF网元之间的接口称为N11接口，AUSF网元与AMF网元之间的接口称为N12接口，AUSF网元与UDM网元之间的接口称为N13接口，不同AMF网元之间的接口称为N14接口，AMF网元与PCF网元之间的接口称为N15接口，NWDAF网元与PCF网元之间的接口称为N23接口。
本申请中的网络功能网元(network function，NF)可以是图1A或图1B中的核心网网元，即5G核心网(5G Core Network，5GC)NFs，或者还可以是未来通信系统，如第六代(6th generation，6G)中的核心网网元，即6GC NFs。为方便说明，本申请以NF为5GC NFs为例进行说明。需要说明的是，本申请后续描述时，可以将NF称为5GC NF，当有多个NF时，也可以描述为5GC NFs，或者简称为NFs。
如图1C所示，为本申请所适用的一种可能的网络架构。该网络架构包括数据分析网元、网络功能(Network Function，NF)网元和AF网元。在一种可能的实现方式中，该网络架构还可以包括数据仓库(data repositories)、运营商网络的OAM系统。
数据分析网元可以从NF网元(如图1A或图1B所示的SMF、PCF、RAN、UPF等)、AF、数据仓库或OAM中的一个或多个获取待分析的数据，然后进行分析并获得数据分析结果。其中，数据分析网元进行数据分析可以是基于某个消费者网元(比如，消费者网元可以是NF网元、RAN设备、终端设备等)发送的数据分析请求或订阅消息而触发的，或者是数据分析网元根据其他条件触发的，比如周期性地触发、初始事件触发等。数据分析网元在获得数据分析结果之后，可以向请求获取数据分析结果的消费者网元发送数据分析 结果，或者将数据分析结果存储于数据仓库，或者存储于数据分析网元中。
本申请中，数据分析网元是指具备数据收集和分析以及获取数据分析结果功能的网元，其可以是图1A或图1B中的NWDAF网元，也可以是管理数据分析服务(Management data analysis service，MDAS)网元或者其他具备类似功能的网元。为方便说明，本申请后续以数据分析网元为5G中的NWDAF网元为例进行说明，且可以将NWDAF网元简称为NWDAF。本申请实施例中，NWDAF也可以称为网络分析功能、或网络分析功能网元，其具有相同的含义，这里做统一说明。
本申请中网络仓库功能网元是指具备网元发现功能的网元，其可以是NRF网元或者其他具备类似功能的网元。为方便说明，本申请后续以网络仓库功能网元为NRF网元为例进行说明，且将NRF网元简称为NRF。
目前，5G网络被设计为可以支撑三大应用场景，分别为：
1)、支持超大带宽，也就是增强移动宽带业务(enhanced Mobile Broadband，eMBB)类应用。支撑浸入式视频会议、超多视图显示、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)/增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)互动体验等。
2)、支持海量连接，也就是大物联业务(massive Machine Type Communications，mMTC)类应用。支撑智能计量、智能环境管理、可穿戴传感器等。
3)、支持高可靠和超低时延，也就是超高可靠性低时延业务(ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications，uRLLC)类应用。支撑自动驾驶、远程控制机器等。
其中，针对uRLLC类应用，网络质量至关重要，直接影响到生产安全。以自动驾驶为例，作为示例，自动驾驶可以分为以下几个级别：
Level 0：司机执行全部驾驶操作；
Level 1：驾驶辅助系统执行前后-左右任意一个相关的驾驶操作；
Level 2：部分的自动驾驶系统执行前后-左右同时相关的操作；
Level 3：有条件的自动驾驶系统执行全部的驾驶操作(限定区域)，需要时会期待司机作出反应；
Level 4：高度自动驾驶系统执行全部的驾驶操作(限定区域)，不期待司机作出反应；
Level 5：完全的自动驾驶系统执行全部的驾驶操作(所有区域)，不期待司机作出反应。
自动驾驶是基于车辆与其他的通讯(Vehicle-to-Everything，V2X)。如图2所示，为V2X示意图。V2X包括车辆与其它车辆(Vehicle-to-Vehicle，V2V)、车辆与路边基础设施(Vehicle-to-Infrastructure，V2I)、车辆与网络(Vehicle-to-Network，V2N)及车辆与行人(Vehicle-to-Pedestrian，V2P)之间的通讯，涉及道路安全、交通效率和智能交通系统等增值应用的实时通讯。通过V2X通讯，车辆可实现与周围环境之间的数据交换，车辆可以相互之间实现互动，车辆可与行人所携带的便携UE实现互动，车辆还可与一定范围内的交通灯等周围基础设施进行互动。通过这些互动，车辆可获得实时路况、道路信息、行人信息等一系列信息，并根据实际情况对驾驶过程做出相应提示/控制，如前方碰撞警告、十字路口让行、特殊车辆让行、交通堵塞提示等，从而提升道路安全性、提高交通效率。
V2X通讯需要高可靠性、超低时延，是承载在移动通讯网，如5G网络上的。V2X服务器(V2X Server)作为整个自动驾驶控制实体，需要实时获知网络的性能状态，以判断当前的网络质量是否可以支撑自动驾驶继续进行。
比如图2中的车辆，在性能正常的网络中，处于Level4的自动驾驶状态，当即将行驶到的网络拥塞(或故障)区域时，V2X Server需要将其自动驾驶状态调整为手动驾驶。因此，需要提供一种方案，实时的向V2X Server(或者其他AF，比如智能制造、远程手术等应用的Server)通知当前的至少小区级别的网络性能信息，以便支撑V2X Server能动态的根据网络性能状态，调整车辆自动驾驶等级，保证安全生产。
根据背景技术的介绍，可以通过NWDAF从NF以及OAM获取数据，经过分析处理，将结果提供给AF(如上述V2X Server)使用。但由于NWDAF进行分析的数据是从NF、OAM系统获取的，而这些数据并不是实时的最新数据，因而不能反映当前的网络性能。
为解决上述问题，本申请提供一种网络性能的上报方法，该方法可以实时地获取网络数据获取，且能够实现向AF提供至少小区级别的网络性能信息或网络性能预测信息。
基于图1A至图1C所示的网络架构，如图3所示，本申请提供一种网络分析功能(即NWDAF)的部署方式。其中，网络分析功能可以为分布式实现，分布式实体可以部署在5GC NF侧、RAN侧(图中以RAN设备为gNB为例)、UE内部。部署在5GC NF/gNB侧时，可以作为一个软件模块内置在5GC NF/gNB内部。网络分析功能的各分布式实体间存在交互接口。如图4所示，为AMF侧和SMF侧的网络分析功能部署的一个示例，在实际部署中，可以为独立的物理设备、或独立的虚拟设备、或部署在AMF/SMF中的软件模块、或者在物理位置或网络位置上接近AMF或SMF部署的独立的软件模块。
网络分析功能可以与5GC NF、gNB、OAM交互获取信息、以及从UE获取信息，将分析结果提供给AF，包括中心侧的AF、以及部署在各边缘移动边缘计算(Mobile Edge Computing,MEC)的分布式AF实体。
需要说明的是，该图仅给出了一种实现方式，实际应用中也可以有其他部署方式，比如只部署一个网络分析功能(比如部署在中心位置)。
如图5所示，为本申请提供的网络分析功能的内部功能模块示例图。需要说明的是，该图仅给出了一种可能的实现方法，实际部署应用时，可根据需要定义内部功能模块。
其中，网络分析功能分为中心网络分析功能和分布式网络分析功能。其中，中心网络分析功能包括接口模块、性能预测模块、性能映射模块、用户轨迹模块、性能分析模块和内部通讯模块，分布式网络分析功能包括接口模块、性能预测模块、性能映射模块、用户轨迹模块、性能分析模块、流量解析模块、定位模块、应用程序编程接口(Application Programming Interface，API)调用模块、拨测模块和内部通讯模块。以上各功能模块的定义如表1所示。
表1
Figure PCTCN2020081239-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020081239-appb-000002
下面对本申请提供的网络性能的上报方法进行具体描述。如图6所示，为本申请提供的网络性能的上报方法流程示意图。
该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤601，第一网元向数据分析网元发送第一订阅消息。
这里的第一网元可以是AF、或NFs、或者是AF和NFs。
该第一订阅消息用于请求订阅第一区域的网络性能参数信息。
网络性能参数信息来源于RAN的采集，可以用来衡量网络质量对AF的可用度，或NFs在进行接纳控制、或负荷均衡策略、或网络功能选择、或QoS控制时使用。网络性能参数信息对应一组网络性能参数和相应的取值，具体需要使用的网络性能参数可按需选择定义。
作为一种实现方式，数据分析网元与第一网元之间可以预先定义网络性能等级(如好(good)、正常(normal)、坏(bad)等)与网络性能参数信息之间的映射关系，并且数据分析网元负责完成网络性能参数信息与网络性能等级之间的映射，从而向第一网元屏蔽网络性能参数信息的复杂性。网络性能等级与网络性能参数间的映射关系可以通过OAM配置于网络分析功能。
网络性能参数信息的粒度可以是小区、跟踪区(Tracking area)、网络切片实例、网络切片子网实例、网络切片标识等。
基于该订阅方式，当满足第一上报条件时，数据分析网元向第一网元发送获取到的第一区域的网络性能参数信息。后续会针对不同场景，对这里的第一上报条件进行具体说明。
步骤602，数据分析网元从第一区域对应的RAN获取第一区域的网络性能参数信息。
第一区域的网络性能参数信息用于指示第一区域的网络性能。
这里的第一区域的网络性能参数信息包括网络性能参数和相应的取值，网络性能参数包括以下一项或多项：无线资源控制(Radio Resource Control，RRC)连接数、协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话数、物理资源块(Resource Block，PRB)利用率、切换成功率、切换失败率、设备到设备(device to device，D2D)资源利用率、Uu口资源利用率、物理下行控制信道(Physical Downlink Control Channel，PDCCH)拥塞、随机接入 信道(Random Access Channel，RACH)成功率、RACH失败率、空口时延。
针对该步骤602，在一种可能的实现方法中，可以通过订阅的方式从RAN获取网络性能参数信息。即该步骤602可以具体包括以下步骤6021-步骤6022。
步骤6021，数据分析网元向第一区域对应的RAN发送第二订阅消息，该第二订阅消息用于请求订阅第一区域的网络性能参数信息。
步骤6022，数据分析网元从第一区域对应的RAN接收第一区域的网络性能参数信息，该第一区域的网络性能参数信息是在满足第二上报条件时发送的。
其中，这里的第二上报条件包括以下一项或多项：上报周期到达、数据分析网元订阅的第一区域的网络性能参数信息达到第一阈值。
其中，数据分析网元订阅的第一区域的网络性能参数信息达到第一阈值，指的是：数据分析网元订阅的第一区域的网络性能参数信息下降到第一阈值或第一阈值以下，或者是数据分析网元订阅的网络性能参数信息恢复到第一阈值或第一阈值以上。
步骤603，数据分析网元确定满足第一上报条件时，向第一网元发送第一区域的网络性能参数信息。
作为该步骤603的一种可替代实现方式，为了屏蔽网络性能参数信息的复杂性，数据分析网元还可以向第一网元发送第一区域的网络性能参数信息对应的网络性能等级，该网络性能等级用于指示第一区域的网络性能的好坏。
基于上述实现方案，第一网元(如AF、NFs)可以向数据分析网元订阅网络性能参数信息，数据分析网元在从RAN获取到网络性能参数信息后，可以向第一网元上报网络性能参数信息，由于从RAN获取到的网络性能参数信息更能够准确的体现小区的实时性能，因而使得第一网元可以做更为精确的控制或应用。
下面结合两种应用场景，对上述方案进行具体说明。
应用场景一，步骤601的第一区域包括一个或多个小区(cell)，第一订阅消息包括一个小区或多个小区的标识(cell ID)；或者，第一区域包括一个或多个跟踪区域(TA)，第一订阅消息包括一个或多个跟踪区域的标识(Tracking Area Identity，TAI)。
即，在步骤601的第一订阅消息中携带一个或多个小区的标识，第一订阅消息用于请求一个或多个小区的网络性能参数信息；或者第一订阅消息携带一个或多个跟踪区域的标识，第一订阅消息用于订阅一个或多个跟踪区域的网络性能参数信息。
基于该应用场景，则上述步骤603中的第一上报条件，比如可以是以下一项或多项：第一网元订阅的网络性能参数信息达到第二阈值(即一个网络性能参数的取值达到第二阈值，则上报该网络性能参数信息)、数据分析网元第一次获取到第一区域的网络性能参数信息。
其中，第一网元订阅的第一区域的网络性能参数信息达到第二阈值，指的是：第一网元订阅的第一区域的网络性能参数信息下降到第二阈值或第二阈值以下，或者是第一网元订阅的网络性能参数信息恢复到第二阈值或第二阈值以上。
基于该应用场景，进一步的，上述步骤601的第一订阅消息还可以用于请求订阅第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息，则还可以包括以下步骤604-步骤605。
步骤604，数据分析网元根据第一区域的网络性能参数信息和第一区域的历史网络性能参数信息，确定第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息。
其中，第一区域的历史网络性能参数信息指的是：在历史的时间段里，通过与上述步 骤602相同的方式，从RAN获取的第一区域的网络性能参数信息。
第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息可以是未来某个具体时间点(比如在第一订阅消息携带该具体时间点)的预测信息；或者，也可以是从当前时刻往后推一个时间段(比如在第一订阅消息携带该时间段)的预测信息。
步骤605，数据分析网元确定满足第三上报条件时，向第一网元发送第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息。
作为一种实现方式，这里的第三上报条件可以包括以下一项或多项：第一网元订阅的第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息达到第三阈值、数据分析网元第一次获取到第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息。
其中，第一网元订阅的第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息达到第三阈值，指的是：第一网元订阅的第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息下降到第三阈值或第三阈值以下，或者是第一网元订阅的网络性能参数预测信息恢复到第三阈值或第三阈值以上。
基于上述步骤604-步骤605，第一网元可以从数据分析网元获取到第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息，从而更加有助于第一网元实现精确控制或应用。
需要说明的是，上述步骤604-步骤605与步骤603之间没有严格的执行顺序，比如步骤603可以在步骤604之前执行，或者在步骤604与步骤605之间执行，或者在步骤605之后执行。
作为又一种实现方式，上述步骤603和步骤605可以合并为一个步骤，且该步骤在步骤604之后执行。
作为又一种实现方式，当第一订阅消息仅用于请求获取第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息时，也可以不执行上述步骤603，即执行步骤601-步骤602，以及步骤604-步骤605。
应用场景二，步骤601的第一订阅消息包括UE的标识，第一区域为UE所在的小区。
即，在步骤601的第一订阅消息中携带UE的ID，第一订阅消息用于请求UE所在的小区的网络性能参数信息。
基于该应用场景，则上述步骤603中的第一上报条件，比如可以是以下一项或多项：UE进入第一区域、UE当前所在的第一区域的网络性能信息还未上报过、第一网元订阅的第一区域的网络性能参数信息达到第四阈值。
其中，第一网元订阅的第一区域的网络性能参数信息达到第四阈值，指的是：第一网元订阅的第一区域的网络性能参数信息下降到第四阈值或第四阈值以下，或者是第一网元订阅的网络性能参数信息恢复到第四阈值或第四阈值以上。
作为一种实现方法，数据分析网元确定第一区域的方法为，数据分析网元向网络中所有的RAN发送订阅消息，订阅UE的小区变化信息。RAN收到该订阅消息后，如果该UE在该RAN覆盖的区域内，则向数据分析网元发送消息，通知UE所在的小区；后续，如果UE所在的小区发生变化，则可以立即通知数据分析网元UE所在的小区、或周期性地向数据分析网元通知UE所在的小区；如果UE原来不在本RAN覆盖的区域，但后来又进入了，也需要向数据分析网元通知UE所在的小区。
基于该应用场景，进一步的，上述步骤601的第一订阅消息还可以用于请求订阅第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息，该第二区域为UE将要进入的下一个小区，则在上述步骤603之后，还可以包括以下步骤606-步骤608。
步骤606，数据分析网元从第二区域对应的RAN获取第二区域的网络性能参数信息，第二区域的网络性能参数信息用于指示第二区域的网络性能。
需要说明的是，这里的第二区域对应的RAN与上述步骤602中的第一区域对应的RAN可以是同一个RAN，也可以是不同的RAN。比如，第一区域对应的RAN可以为第二区域提供服务时，则第一区域对应的RAN与第二区域对应的RAN可以是同一个RAN。
作为一种实现方式，该步骤也可以通过类似于上述步骤602的方式，通过订阅的方式从第二区域对应的RAN获取第二区域的网络性能参数信息，并且也是在满足一定的上报条件时，RAN才上报第二区域的网络性能参数信息到数据分析网元，具体可以参考上述步骤6021-步骤6022的描述。
步骤607，数据分析网元根据第二区域的网络性能参数信息和第二区域的历史网络性能参数信息，确定第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息。
其中，第二区域的历史网络性能参数信息指的是：在历史的时间段里，通过与上述步骤606相同的方式，从RAN获取的第二区域的网络性能参数信息。
第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息可以是未来某个具体时间点(比如在第一订阅消息携带该具体时间点、或在第一订阅消息中指示是数据分析网元预测的UE将进入第二区域的时间点)的预测信息；或者，也可以是从当前时刻往后推一个时间段(比如在第一订阅消息携带该时间段)的预测信息。
步骤608，数据分析网元确定满足第四上报条件时，向第一网元发送第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息。
作为一种实现方式，这里的第四上报条件可以包括以下一项或多项：数据分析网元确定UE将要进入第二区域、第一网元订阅的第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息达到第五阈值。
其中，第一网元订阅的第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息达到第五阈值，指的是：第一网元订阅的第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息下降到第五阈值或第五阈值以下，或者是第一网元订阅的第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息恢复到第五阈值或第五阈值以上。
基于上述步骤606-步骤608，第一网元可以从数据分析网元获取到第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息，从而更加有助于第一网元实现精确控制或应用。
作为一种实现方式，当第一区域对应的RAN与第二区域对应的RAN是同一个RAN时，则上述步骤602和步骤606可以合并为一个步骤，并且上述步骤603和步骤608也可以合并为一个步骤。
作为又一种实现方式，当第一订阅消息仅用于请求获取第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息时，也可以不执行上述步骤602和步骤603，即执行步骤601以及步骤606-步骤608。
针对上述应用场景二，下面给出数据分析网元确定UE即将要进入到第二区域的不同实现方法：
实现方法一，数据分析网元从第一区域对应的RAN获取UE的位置信息，UE的位置信息为第一区域的信息，数据分析网元根据UE的位置信息和UE的历史位置信息，确定UE的移动轨迹，该移动轨迹用于指示UE的移动方向和移动时经过的位置，可选地该移动轨迹还用于指示UE的移动速度，数据分析网元根据移动轨迹和网络拓扑结构，确定UE将要进入的第二区域的信息，该网络拓扑结构用于指示网络中的各个小区的分布位置，所述各个小区包括第一区域和第二区域。
即数据分析网元通过获取UE的当前位置信息，根据UE的当前位置信息以及之前获取到的UE的历史位置信息，确定UE的移动轨迹，从而根据移动轨迹和网络拓扑结构，确定UE将要进入的下一个小区的信息，即本申请中的第二区域的信息。
这里的“UE移动轨迹”是指UE移动所经过的a list of cells。
该实现方法可以以小区粒度，预测UE将要进入的下一个小区的信息。
作为一种实现方法，数据分析网元可以通过以下方法从第一区域对应的RAN获取到UE的位置信息：数据分析网元向第一区域对应的RAN发送第三订阅消息，该第三订阅消息用于请求订阅UE的位置信息；当满足第五上报条件时，RAN向数据分析网元发送UE的位置信息，其中，第五上报条件包括以下一项或多项：UE的位置发生变化、上报周期到达。
实现方法二，数据分析网元从第一区域对应的RAN获取UE的测量报告(Measurement Report，MR)；数据分析网元根据UE的测量报告，确定UE的经纬度信息；数据分析网元根据UE的经纬度信息和UE的经纬度信息，确定UE的移动轨迹，该移动轨迹用于指示UE的移动方向和移动时经过的位置，可选地该移动轨迹还用于指示UE的移动速度；数据分析网元根据移动轨迹和网络拓扑结构，确定UE将要进入的第二区域，所述网络拓扑结构用于指示网络中的各个小区的分布位置，所述各个小区包括所述第一区域和所述第二区域。
即数据分析网元通过获取UE的测量报告，确定UE的经纬度信息，并根据UE的经纬度信息以及之前获取到的UE的历史经纬度信息，确定UE的移动轨迹，从而根据移动轨迹和网络拓扑结构，确定UE将要进入的下一个小区的信息，即本申请中的第二区域的信息。
该实现方法可以以经纬度粒度，预测UE将要进入的下一个小区的信息。该实现方法相较于上述实现方法一，可以提供更为精确的预测。
作为一种实现方法，数据分析网元可以通过以下方法从第一区域对应的RAN获取到UE的测量报告：数据分析网元向第一区域对应的RAN发送第四订阅消息，所述第四订阅消息用于请求订阅所述UE的测量报告；当满足第六上报条件时，RAN向数据分析网元发送UE的测量报告，其中，所述第六上报条件包括以下一项或多项：第一区域对应的RAN接收到UE的测量报告、上报周期到达。
作为一种实现方法，UE的测量报告包括以下一项或多项：参考信号接收功率(reference signal receiving power,RSRP)、参考信号接收质量(reference signal receiving quality，RSRQ)、信噪比(Signal to Noise Ratio,SNR)、UE的吞吐量、信道状态信息(Channel State Information，CSI)。
基于上述实现方法一或实现方法二，数据分析网元通过从RAN订阅UE的位置信息或测量报告，可以确定UE的位置信息或经纬度信息，进而可以绘制UE的移动轨迹，并根据移动轨迹预测UE将要进入的下一个小区的信息。进一步的，还可以预测UE的移动方向和移动速度，进而可以预测进入到下一个小区的时间。
基于上述方案，作为一种实现方法，在上述方案(如步骤601-步骤603的方案，或步骤601-步骤605的方案，或步骤601-步骤603以及步骤606-步骤608的方案)之后，还可以包括以下步骤609-步骤610。
步骤609，数据分析网元从第一区域对应的第二网元获取网元性能信息，所述网元性 能信息用于指示第二网元的性能状况，其中，上述步骤601的第一订阅消息还用于订阅第一区域对应的网元的网元性能信息。
数据分析网元可以根据网络拓扑结构、或从OAM获取各个网元(包括第二网元)的服务范围，从而可以确定区域与网元之间的对应关系。
作为一种实现方法，数据分析网元可以通过以下方法从第二网元获取到第二网元的网元性能信息：数据分析网元向第二网元发送订阅消息，该订阅消息用于请求订阅网元性能信息；当满足上报条件时，第二网元向数据分析网元发送网元性能信息，其中，该上报条件包括以下一项或多项：上报周期到达、数据分析网元订阅的第二网元的网络性能信息达到阈值。
这里的网元性能信息包括以下一项或多项：网元的负荷、网元的吞吐量、网元的用户数。
步骤610，数据分析网元向第一网元发送第一区域的网元性能信息。
当然，如果第二区域对应的网元不是上述第二网元，比如是第三网元，则数据分析网元还可以获取第二区域对应的第三网元的网元性能信息，并发送至第一网元。
通过上述步骤609-步骤610，数据分析网元可以将第一网元订阅的某个区域对应的网元的网元性能信息发送至第一网元，使得第一网元可以结合网元的性能以及网络性能参数信息，判断该一个区域能够提供的网络状况，从而有助于第一网元实现精确控制或应用。
基于上述方案，作为一种实现方法，在上述方案(如步骤601-步骤603的方案，或步骤601-步骤605的方案，或步骤601-步骤603以及步骤606-步骤608的方案)之后，还可以包括以下步骤611-步骤612。
步骤611，数据分析网元从第一区域对应的OAM系统获取第一区域对应的网元的故障信息。
这里第一区域对应的网元指的是上述第二网元，当然，还可以向OAM系统订阅其他区域对应的网元的故障信息。
作为一种实现方法，数据分析网元可以通过以下方法从OAM系统获取到第一区域对应的网元的故障信息：数据分析网元向OAM系统发送订阅消息，该订阅消息用于请求订阅第一区域对应的网元的故障信息；当满足上报条件时，OAM系统向数据分析网元发送第一区域对应的网元的故障信息，其中，该上报条件可以是：第一区域对应的网元发生故障告警。
步骤612，数据分析网元向第一网元发送第一区域对应的网元的故障信息。
当然，如果第二区域对应的网元不是上述第二网元，比如是第三网元，则数据分析网元还可以获取第二区域对应的第三网元的故障信息，并发送至第一网元。
通过上述步骤611-步骤612，数据分析网元可以将第一网元订阅的某个区域对应的网元的故障信息发送至第一网元，使得第一网元可以结合网元的故障信息以及网络性能参数信息，判断该一个区域能够提供的网络状况，从而有助于第一网元实现精确控制或应用。
需要说明的是，上述任一方案(如步骤601-步骤603的方案，或步骤601-步骤605的方案，或步骤601-步骤603以及步骤606-步骤608的方案)可以与上述步骤609-步骤610相结合，也可以与步骤611-步骤612相结合，还可以与上述步骤609-步骤610以及步骤611-步骤612相结合。
需要说明的是，本申请对于上述各种方案中的各种阈值(第一阈值到第五阈值)的设 置方法和大小不做限定，比如可以是预先配置的，或者是第一网元通知的(比如通过第一订阅消息或其他消息通知)。
下面以数据分析网元为NWDAF(也称为网络分析功能)，第一网元为AF/NFs，第二网元为5GC NFs为例给出一种具体的实现方法，且数据分析网元包括分布式的网络分析功能和中心的网络分析功能，分布式的网络分析功能用于订阅其对应的网元的信息。
如图7所示，为本申请提供的又一种网络性能的上报方法流程示意图，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤701，AF/NFs向网络分析功能订阅网络性能信息和/或网络性能预测信息。
这里的网络性能信息包括RAN获取到的网络性能参数信息、OAM获取的网元故障信息、5GC NFs获取到的网元性能信息中的一种或多种。
步骤702a、网络分析功能向OAM订阅网元故障信息。
这里的网元是指：5GC NFs(包括但不限于UPF、SMF、AMF、PCF、UDM、NRF)和RAN。
这里的网元故障信息是指：故障告警。
步骤702b、网络分析功能向5GC NFs订阅网元性能信息。
这里的5GC NFs包括但不限于UPF、SMF、AMF、PCF、UDM、NRF。
步骤702c、网络分析功能向RAN订阅网络性能参数信息或直接采集网络性能参数信息。
步骤702d、网络分析功能向RAN订阅UE的位置信息和/或测量报告。
作为一种可替代的实现方式，网络分析功能也可以向网络定位系统订阅UE的位置信息。
步骤703a、OAM向网络分析功能上报网元故障信息。
触发上报的条件可以是：在有网元故障告警发生时，OAM向网络分析功能上报。
步骤703b、5GC NFs向网络分析功能上报网元性能信息。
其中，触发上报的条件可以是以下一项或多项：
条件1：按周期定时上报，其中周期可定义；
条件2：订阅的网络性能参数达到阈值或降到阈值以下时，其中阈值可定义。
步骤703c、RAN向网络分析功能上报网络性能信息。
其中，触发上报的条件可以是以下一项或多项：
条件1：按周期定时上报，其中周期可定义；
条件2：订阅的网络性能参数达到阈值或降到阈值以下时，其中阈值可定义。
步骤703d、RAN向网络分析功能上报UE的位置信息或测量报告。
其中，触发上报的条件可以是以下一项或多项：
条件1：UE的位置信息：UE第一次进入该RAN区域、当UE所在的小区发生变化时、周期上报；
条件2：UE的测量报告：在RAN收到UE的测量报告时。
步骤704a、网络分析功能进行UE的定位处理。
网络分析功能可以直接获取到UE的位置信息，即所在的小区的信息。进一步的，网络分析功能如果获取到UE的测量报告，则根据测量报告确定UE的经纬度信息。
步骤704b、网络分析功能绘制UE的移动轨迹和对UE进行位置预测。
网络分析功能可以根据UE的历史位置信息(小区、或经纬度)和UE的位置信息，进行UE的小区粒度或经纬度粒度的移动轨迹的绘制，同时还可以得到UE的移动方向和速度。
其中，预测的UE的移动方向和速度可以表现为：预测该UE进入的下一个小区、以及进入的时间点。其中，如果还未从RAN订阅这“下一个小区”的网络性能参数信息，则网络分析功能需要向RAN订阅该小区的网络性能参数信息。
步骤704c、网络分析功能进行网络性能分析和网络性能预测。
网络分析功能根据从OAM、5GC NFs、RAN接收到的数据进行网络性能分析，包括以下一项或多项：
1)、根据OAM的故障告警、5GC NFs的网元性能信息，确定为订阅区域内提供服务的RAN、5GC NFs是否能正常提供服务；
2)、根据从RAN订阅的小区粒度的网络性能参数信息，确定该订阅区域的网络性能；
3)、根据上述1)和2)的信息，确定网络切片实例或网络切片子网实例的网络性能。
网络分析功能根据订阅区域的历史网络性能参数信息、当前的网络性能参数信息以及当前RAN、5GC NFs等的服务状态，预测在后续的某一时间点/段的网络性能。
步骤704d、网络分析功能进行网络性能映射。
网络分析功能根据与AF间预定义的映射规则，将原始的网络性能参数映射为一个网络性能等级(如good、normal、bad等)。
步骤705、网络分析功能向AF/NFs上报订阅的网络性能信息和/或网络性能预测信息。
在具体实现中，若订阅网络性能信息，则上报网络性能信息；若订阅网络性能预测信息，则上报网络性能预测信息；若订阅网络性能信息和网络性能预测信息，则上报网络性能信息和网络性能预测信息。
其中，当步骤701订阅的是某一个区域的网络性能信息和/或网络性能预测信息时，可以通过以下一种或多种方式触发上报：
1)、第一次得到该区域的网络性能信息和/或网络性能预测信息时上报给AF/NFs；或者预测UE即将进入一个或多个新的cell时，预先将该cell的网络性能信息和/或网络性能预测信息上报给AF/NFs；
2)、当该区域的网络性能信息和/或网络性能预测信息发生跨阈值的变化时，再上报给AF/NFs。
其中，当步骤701订阅的是“某UE(或UE Group)的移动轨迹对应区域”的网络性能信息时，则可以通过以下一种或多种方式触发上报：
1)、将初始获取的UE所在的Cell的网络性能信息上报给AF/NFs；
2)、在UE进入一个新的Cell时，将该Cell的网络性能信息上报给AF/NFs；
3)、后续，UE在该Cell内停留期间，如果该Cell的网络性能发生跨阈值的变化，再上报给AF/NFs；或者周期定时上报给AF/NFs。
其中，当步骤701订阅的是“某UE(或UE Group)的移动轨迹对应区域”的网络性能预测信息时，则可以通过以下一种或多种方式触发上报：
1)、对UE将要进入的下一个Cell，上报进入这下一个Cell的时间点及该时间点对应的网络性能预测信息；
2)、后续，在UE进入这“下一个Cell”前，如果该Cell的网络性能预测信息发生跨阈 值的变化，则再将变化后的网络性能预测信息上报给AF/NFs。
3)、后续，如果这个预测的“下一个Cell”发生变化，也就是修正了预测结果，则要把进入新的“下一个Cell”的时间点及该时间点对应的网络性能预测信息上报给AF/NFs。
其中，网络分析功能”向NFs上报所订阅网元的网络性能信息和/或网络性能预测信息，可以由NFs用于进行接纳控制、或者生成负荷均衡策略、或者进行网络功能选择、或者进行QoS控制等。
针对图6或图7所示的网络性能的上报方法，下面结合具体实施例进行说明。
如图8所示，为本申请提供的网络性能分析的一个场景示例图。该示例提供某一静态区域的实时的网络性能信息和网络性能预测信息，支持一个园区内的V2X业务。该园区有4个Cell，以Cell 1、Cell2、Cell 3、Cell 4来描述。两个RAN设备，以gNB1、gNB2来描述。一个AMF、SMF、UPF、PCF、UDM、NRF，分别以AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1来描述。
V2X Server为分布式部署方式，一个中心的V2X Server(中心)；两个下沉部署的分布式V2X Server，分别为V2X Server1和V2X Server2。
网络分析功能为分布式部署方式，一个中心的“网络分析功能(中心)”；两个下沉部署的分布式网络分析功能，分别为“网络分析功能(分布式1)”和“网络分析功能(分布式2)”，分别与V2X Server1和V2X Server2就近部署。
V2X Server向网络分析功能订阅该区域的网络性能信息和网络性能预测，其步骤如下：
步骤801、中心的V2X Server向中心的网络分析功能发送订阅消息。
该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：[网络性能参数1,阈值],[网络性能参数2,阈值],…,[网络性能参数n,阈值]，即数据为一个或多个网络性能参数以及每个网络性能参数对应的阈值；
作为另一实现方法，信元中的数据也可以是[网络性能等级,阈值]。
2)、目标区域：Cell 1、Cell2、Cell 3、Cell 4；
3)、上报方式：初次订阅上报&(阈值变化触发上报或周期上报[上报周期]或预测上报[时间间隔，上报周期])；
4)、上报目的地：[中心的V2X Server]；
作为另一实现方法，信元中的上报目的地也可以是[Cell1、Cell3to V2X Server1],[Cell2、Cell4to V2X Server2]。
其中，“阈值”用于指示当相应的网络性能参数信息达到阈值时，则上报该网络性能参数的当前取值。
初次订阅上报，指的是第一次获取到订阅的数据时上报。
阈值变化触发上报，指的是相应的网络性能参数信息达到阈值时上报。具体的是：当网络性能参数下降到阈值或以下时，或者是网络性能参数预测信息恢复到阈值或以上时，则上报。
周期上报指的是周期性的上报。
预测上报指的根据上报周期，上报给定的“时间间隔”后的一个时间点的网络性能参数的预测信息。
上述“&”表示并列关系。
步骤802、中心的网络分析功能向OAM发送订阅消息。
该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：故障/告警信息；
2)、目标网元：AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1、gNB1、gNB2；
3)、上报方式：初次订阅上报&发生上报。
其中，发生上报指的是事件(如故障事件)发生时上报。
步骤803、中心的网络分析功能向AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1发送订阅消息。
该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：[网络性能参数1-负荷,阈值],[网络性能参数2-吞吐量,阈值],[网络性能参数3-用户数,阈值]；
2)、上报方式：初次订阅上报&(阈值变化触发上报或周期上报[上报周期])。
即上报方式包括初次订阅上报，还包括阈值变化触发上报或周期上报，可选的携带上报周期。
步骤804、中心的网络分析功能向gNB1、gNB2发送订阅消息。
该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：[网络性能参数1-RRC连接数(平均&最大),阈值],[网络性能参数2-PDU会话数,阈值],[网络性能参数3-PRB利用率(上行&下行),阈值],[网络性能参数4-切换(HO)成功率,阈值],[网络性能参数5-切换(HO)失败率,阈值],[网络性能参数6-设备到设备通信(D2D)资源利用率,阈值],[网络性能参数7-Uu口资源利用率,阈值],[网络性能参数8-物理下行控制信道PDCCH拥塞,阈值],[网络性能参数9-随机接入RACH成功率,阈值],[网络性能参数10-随机接入RACH失败率,阈值],[网络性能参数10-空口时延,阈值]；
2)、目标小区：Cell 1、Cell2、Cell 3、Cell 4；
3)、上报方式：初次订阅上报&(阈值变化触发上报或周期上报[上报周期])。
需要说明的是，该步骤804也可以替换为分布式的网络分析功能向gNB1、gNB2发送分别发送订阅消息，则“网络分析功能(分布式1)”向gNB1订阅Cell1、Cell3的网络性能参数信息；“网络分析功能(分布式2)”向gNB2订阅Cell2、Cell4的网络性能参数信息。其中，“网络分析功能(分布式1)”向gNB1发送的订阅消息包括的数据和上报方式与上述中心的网络分析功能向gNB1发送订阅消息中携带的数据和上报方式相同，但目标小区为Cell 1、Cell3。“网络分析功能(分布式2)”向gNB2发送的订阅消息包括的数据和上报方式与上述中心的网络分析功能向gNB2发送订阅消息中携带的数据和上报方式相同，但目标小区为Cell2、Cell4。
步骤805、OAM向中心的网络分析功能发送通知消息。
该消息的信元包括：
数据：AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1、gNB1、gNB2的故障/告警信息。
步骤806、AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1向中心的网络分析功能发送通知消息。
该消息的信元包括：
数据：[网络性能参数1-负荷,值],[网络性能参数2-吞吐量,值],[网络性能参数3-用户 数,值]。
步骤807、gNB1、gNB2向中心的网络分析功能发送通知消息。
该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：[网络性能参数1-RRC连接数(平均&最大),值],[网络性能参数2-PDU会话数,值],[网络性能参数3-PRB利用率(上行&下行),值],[网络性能参数4-切换成功率,值],[网络性能参数5-切换失败率,值],[网络性能参数6-D2D资源利用率,值],[网络性能参数7-Uu口资源利用率,值],[网络性能参数8-PDCCH拥塞,值],[网络性能参数9-RACH成功率,值],[网络性能参数10-RACH失败率,值],[网络性能参数10-空口时延,值]；
2)、小区：Cell 1、Cell2、Cell 3、Cell 4。
作为该步骤807的一种可替代实现方式，gNB1、gNB2分别向“网络分析功能(分布式1)”、“网络分析功能(分布式2)”发送通知消息。其中，gNB1向“网络分析功能(分布式1)”发送的通知消息包括的数据与上述gNB1向中心的网络分析功能发送通知消息中携带的数据相同，但小区为Cell 1、Cell3。gNB2向“网络分析功能(分布式2)”发送的通知消息包括的数据与上述gNB2向中心的网络分析功能发送通知消息中携带的数据相同，但小区为Cell2、Cell4。
步骤808、网络分析功能对收到的通知消息进行分析处理。
作为一种实现方式，可以按照以下步骤进行小区性能的分析：
步骤8081、如果AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1有任意一个故障，则确定Cell1、Cell2、Cell3、Cell4的网络性能都无法支撑V2X业务；否则转到步骤8082；
步骤8082，如果AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1有任意一个网络性能参数信息超过可正常服务的阈值，则确定Cell1、Cell2、Cell3、Cell4的网络性能都无法支撑V2X业务；否则转到步骤8083和步骤8085；
步骤8083，如果gNB1故障，则Cell1、Cell3的网络性能无法支撑V2X业务；否则转到步骤8084；
步骤8084，分别检查Cell1和Cell3的每个Cell的网络性能参数信息，是否可以支撑V2X业务；以及，分别根据Cell1和Cell3的历史网络性能参数信息和当前网络性能参数信息，预测V2X Server订阅的时间间隔后的Cell1和Cell3的网络性能参数信息；转到步骤8087；
步骤8085，如果gNB2故障，则Cell2、Cell4的网络性能无法支撑V2X业务；否则转到步骤8086；
步骤8086，分别检查Cell2和Cell4的每个Cell的网络性能参数信息，是否可以支撑V2X业务；以及，分别根据Cell2和Cell4的历史网络性能参数信息和当前网络性能参数信息，预测V2X Server订阅的时间间隔后的Cell2和Cell4的网络性能参数信息；转到步骤8087；
步骤8087，分析处理结束。
在得到小区粒度的网络性能参数信息之后，可以上报网络性能参数信息，或者上报网络性能参数信息及网元的性能信息(如是否可以提供正常服务以及相应的网络性能参数的取值)，或者上报网络性能参数信息、网元的性能信息以及哪些网元发生故障。
可选的，在得到小区粒度的网络性能参数之后，还可以根据预定义的映射规则，将分析/预测得到的网络性能参数信息映射为一个网络性能等级。
作为一种实现方法，网络性能参数信息向网络性能等级映射举例如下：
假设：预定义的网络性能等级有三级，分别为Good、Normal、Bad。
映射规则如下：
规则1：如果AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1有任意一个故障，则Cell1、Cell2、Cell3、Cell4的网络性能等级均为Bad；
规则2：如果AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1有任意一个网络性能参数信息超过可正常服务的阈值，则Cell1、Cell2、Cell3、Cell4的网络性能等级均为Bad；
规则3：如果gNB1故障，则Cell1、Cell3的网络性能等级均为Bad；
规则4：如果Cell1有任意一个网络性能参数信息超过可正常服务的阈值，则Cell1的网络性能等级为Bad；
规则5：如果Cell3有任意一个网络性能参数信息超过可正常服务的阈值，则Cell3的网络性能等级为Bad；
规则6：如果gNB2故障，则Cell2、Cell4的网络性能等级均为Bad；
规则7：如果Cell2有任意一个网络性能参数信息超过可正常服务的阈值，则Cell2的网络性能等级为Bad；
规则8：如果Cell4有任意一个网络性能参数信息超过可正常服务的阈值，则Cell4的网络性能等级为Bad；
规则9：如果AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1、gNB1均无故障；
且AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1、Cell1的所有网络性能参数都可正常服务；
且AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1、Cell1的网络性能参数中有一个或多个处于Normal阈值区间；
则Cell1的网络性能等级为Normal；
其中，网络性能参数阈值区间可定义，定义示例：
网络性能参数x的取值<＝A,则网络性能参数x所处的阈值区间为Good；
A<网络性能参数x的取值<＝B,则网络性能参数x所处的阈值区间为Normal；
B<网络性能参数x的取值,则网络性能参数x所处的阈值区间为Bad，不能正常提供服务。
规则10：如果AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1、gNB1均无故障；
且AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1、Cell1的所有网络性能参数都可正常服务；
且AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1、Cell1的所有网络性能参数均处于Good阈值区间；
则Cell1的网络性能等级为Good；
规则11-12：Cell2的映射规则，与规则9-10类似，可参考前述描述，不再赘述。
规则13-14：Cell3的映射规则，与规则9-10类似，可参考前述描述，不再赘述。
规则15-16：Cell4的映射规则，与规则9-10类似，可参考前述描述，不再赘述。
进一步地，中心的网络分析功能与分布式的网络分析功能之间的数据交互可以包括：
情形一、如果需要由分布式的网络分析功能就近向分布式的V2X Server通知网络性能 信息和/或网络性能预测信息，则：
1)、中心的网络分析功能要向分布式的网络分析功能同步网元故障/告警信息；
2)、中心的网络分析功能要向分布式的网络分析功能同步AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1的网络性能信息和/或网络性能预测信息；
3)、如果gNB(包括gNB1、gNB2)的Cell粒度性能信息是由中心的网络分析功能订阅的，则中心的“网络分析功能要将相应Cell的网络性能信息和/或网络性能预测信息同步给分布式的网络分析功能；
情形二、如果需要由中心的网络分析功能向中心的V2X Server通知网络性能信息和/或网络性能预测信息，则：
如果gNB(包括gNB1、gNB2)的Cell粒度性能信息是由分布式的网络分析功能订阅的，则分布式的网络分析功能要将这个网络性能信息同步给中心的网络分析功能。
步骤809、网络分析功能向V2X Server发送通知消息。
该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：[网络性能参数1,值],[网络性能参数2,值],…,[网络性能参数n,值]；
作为一种可替代的实现方法，该信元中的数据也可以是[网络性能等级,值]。
2)、区域：Cell 1、Cell2、Cell 3、Cell 4。
其中，网络分析功能在第一次得到该区域的网络性能参数/网络性能预测信息时，上报给V2X Server；后续，当该区域的网络性能信息/网络性能预测信息发生跨阈值的变化时，再上报给V2X Server。
按V2X Server的订阅要求，可以由中心的网络分析功能将Cell 1、Cell2、Cell 3、Cell4的网络性能信息统一通知给中心的V2X Server；也可以由分布式的网络分析功能分别将Cell 1、Cell3和Cell 2、Cell 4的网络性能信息通知给分布式的V2X Server。
该实施例具有以下有益效果：可以从gNB订阅小区级别的网络性能信息，进行小区级别的网络性能分析和预测，并向V2X Server提供准确的小区级别的实时的网络性能信息/网络性能预测信息。
如图9所示，为本申请提供的网络性能分析的又一个场景示例图。该示例基于向RAN订阅或基于旁路采集数据，提供按UE移动轨迹的网络性能信息/网络性能预测信息，支持个人自动驾驶业务。
该示例可运行个人自动驾驶业务的区域，有4个Cell，以Cell 1、Cell2、Cell 3、Cell 4来描述。两个gNB，以gNB1、gNB2来描述。一个AMF、SMF、UPF、PCF、UDM、NRF，分别以AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1来描述。
V2X Server为分布式部署方式，一个中心的V2X Server(中心)；两个下沉部署的分布式V2X Server，分别为V2X Server1和V2X Server2。
网络分析功能为分布式部署方式，一个中心的“网络分析功能(中心)”；两个下沉部署的分布式网络分析功能，分别为“网络分析功能(分布式1)”和“网络分析功能(分布式2)”，分别与V2X Server1和V2X Server2就近部署。
两辆可进行自动驾驶的汽车，分别为UE1、UE2。
V2X Server向网络分析功能订阅该区域的网络性能信息和网络性能预测信息，其步骤如下：
步骤901、中心的V2X Server向中心的网络分析功能发送订阅消息。
该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：[网络性能参数1,阈值],[网络性能参数2,阈值],…,[网络性能参数n,阈值]；
作为另一实现方法，信元中的数据也可以是[网络性能等级,阈值]。
2)、目标区域：UE1、UE2的移动轨迹对应的Cell；
3)、上报方式：初次订阅上报当前UE所在Cell&(UE进入新Cell上报&UE停留期阈值变化上报或预测上报[预测UE将进入的下一个Cell、进入时间])；
4)、上报目的地：[中心的V2X Server]。
作为另一实现方法，信元中的上报目的地也可以是[Cell1、Cell3to V2X Server1],[Cell2、Cell4to V2X Server2]。
其中，停留期阈值变化上报指的是UE停留在小区期间，网络性能信息发生变化且达到阈值时上报。
步骤902、中心的网络分析功能向OAM发送订阅消息。
该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：故障/告警信息；
2)、目标网元：AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1、gNB1、gNB2；
3)、上报方式：初次订阅上报&发生上报。
步骤903、中心的网络分析功能向AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1发送订阅消息。
该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：[网络性能参数1-负荷,阈值],[网络性能参数2-吞吐量,阈值],[网络性能参数3-用户数,阈值]；
2)、上报方式：初次订阅上报&(阈值变化触发上报或周期上报[上报周期])。
步骤904、中心的网络分析功能向gNB1、gNB2发送订阅消息。
该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：[网络性能参数1-RRC连接数(平均&最大),阈值],[网络性能参数2-PDU会话数,阈值],[网络性能参数3-PRB利用率(上行&下行),阈值],[网络性能参数4-切换成功率,阈值],[网络性能参数5-切换(HO)失败率,阈值],[网络性能参数6-D2D资源利用率,阈值],[网络性能参数7-Uu口资源利用率,阈值],[网络性能参数8-PDCCH拥塞,阈值],[网络性能参数9-RACH成功率,阈值],[网络性能参数10-RACH失败率,阈值],[网络性能参数10-空口时延,阈值]；
2)、目标小区：Cell 1、Cell2、Cell 3、Cell 4；
3)、上报方式：初次订阅上报&(阈值变化触发上报或周期上报[上报周期])。
需要说明的是，该步骤904也可以替换为分布式的网络分析功能向gNB1、gNB2发送分别发送订阅消息，则“网络分析功能(分布式1)”向gNB1订阅Cell1、Cell3的性能数据；“网络分析功能(分布式2)”向gNB2订阅Cell2、Cell4的性能数据。其中，“网络分析功能(分布式1)”向gNB1发送的订阅消息包括的数据和上报方式与上述中心的网络分析功能向gNB1发送订阅消息中携带的数据和上报方式相同，但目标小区为Cell 1、Cell3。“网络分析功能(分布式2)”向gNB2发送的订阅消息包括的数据和上报方式与上述中心的网络分析功能向gNB2发送订阅消息中携带的数据和上报方式相同，但目标小区为Cell 2、Cell4。
作为该步骤904的另一种可替代的实现方法，如图10A所示，分布式的网络分析功能还可以通过以下方法从gNB1、gNB2采集数据，即在网络接口链路上镜像数据。具体的，在gNB1侧的增强型通用公共无线接口(enhanced-common public radio interface，eCPRI)和Xn接口链路上进行镜像，将这两个接口的数据镜像给“网络分析功能(分布式1)”。在gNB2侧的eCPRI和Xn接口链路上进行镜像，将这两个接口的数据镜像给“网络分析功能(分布式2)”。
作为该步骤904的另一种可替代的实现方法，如图10B所示，分布式的网络分析功能还可以通过以下方法从gNB1、gNB2采集数据，即gNB将所需的网络流量复制并转发给网络分析功能。具体的，gNB1将其eCPRI和Xn接口上的全量数据进行复制，转发给“网络分析功能(分布式1)”。gNB2将其eCPRI和Xn接口上的全量数据进行复制，转发给“网络分析功能(分布式2)”。需要说明的是，gNB1和gNB2也可以设置转发规则，只复制转发以上接口的部分流量，规则可定义。
步骤905、中心的或分布式的网络分析功能向gNB1、gNB2发送订阅消息；
在第一种情形中，该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：Cell change(事件：小区改变)；
2)、目标用户：UE 1、UE 2；
3)、上报方式：初次订阅上报&变化上报。
在第二种情形中，该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：Measurement Report(包括RSRP、RSRQ、SINR、UE吞吐量(下行、上行、UE在其所接入的每网络切片实例的吞吐量)、CSI等)；
2)、目标用户：UE 1、UE 2；
3)、上报方式：流式持续上报(即，gNB得到就上报)。
需要说明的是，在一种实现方法中，上述第一种情形始终执行，而第二种情形作为可选项。
在又一种实现方法中，上述第一种情形不执行，上述第二种情形执行。
当然，上述两种情形也可以相结合。
需要说明的是，如果为分布式的网络分析功能向gNB1、gNB2发送订阅消息，则是“网络分析功能(分布式1)”向gNB1发送订阅消息；“网络分析功能(分布式2)”向gNB2发送订阅消息。
步骤906、OAM向中心的网络分析功能发送通知消息。
该消息的信元包括：
数据：AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1、gNB1、gNB2的故障/告警信息。
步骤907、AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1向中心的网络分析功能发送通知消息。
该消息的信元包括：
数据：[网络性能参数1-负荷,值],[网络性能参数2-吞吐量,值],[网络性能参数3-用户数,值]。
步骤908、gNB1、gNB2向中心的网络分析功能发送通知消息。
在一种情形中，该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：[网络性能参数1-RRC连接数(平均&最大),值],[网络性能参数2-PDU会 话数,值],[网络性能参数3-PRB利用率(上行&下行),值],[网络性能参数4-切换成功率,值],[网络性能参数5-切换失败率,值],[网络性能参数6-D2D资源利用率,值],[网络性能参数7-Uu口资源利用率,值],[网络性能参数8-PDCCH拥塞,值],[网络性能参数9-RACH成功率,值],[网络性能参数10-RACH失败率,值],[网络性能参数10-空口时延,值]；
2)、小区：Cell 1、Cell2、Cell 3、Cell 4。
作为该步骤908的一种可替代实现方式，gNB1、gNB2分别向“网络分析功能(分布式1)”、“网络分析功能(分布式2)”发送通知消息。其中，gNB1向“网络分析功能(分布式1)”发送的通知消息包括的数据与上述gNB1向中心的网络分析功能发送通知消息中携带的数据相同，但小区为Cell 1、Cell3。gNB2向“网络分析功能(分布式2)”发送的通知消息包括的数据与上述gNB2向中心的网络分析功能发送通知消息中携带的数据相同，但小区为Cell2、Cell4。
在另一种情形中，该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：Cell ID(CGI)、Measurement Report。
2)、用户：UE 1、UE 2。
当然，上述两种情形可以相结合，即通知消息中携带上述两种情形下的数据，或者是发送两个通知消息，分别携带上述两种情形的信元。
步骤909、网络分析功能对收到的通知消息进行分析处理。
一、小区性能分析。
具体的，可以按照上述实施例步骤808的方式进行小区性能分析。
二、绘制UE的移动轨迹，计算UE的移动方向和移动速度。
进一步地，网络分析功能还可以进行向V2X Server上报的Cell的判断：如果是V2X Server刚订阅，还未向V2X Server上报过，则上报gNB最近通知的Cell ID的信息。如果V2X Server订阅的是“进入新Cell上报&停留期阈值变化上报”，则上报gNB最近通知的Cell ID的信息。如果V2X Server订阅的是“预测上报”，则根据UE的移动速度和方向，预测将要进入的下一个Cell、以及时间点，上报这下一个Cell的信息。
可选的，在得到小区粒度的网络性能参数信息之后，还可以根据预定义的映射规则，将分析/预测得到的网络性能参数信息映射为一个网络性能等级。
进一步地，中心的网络分析功能与分布式的网络分析功能之间的数据交互可以包括：
情形一、如果需要由分布式的网络分析功能就近向分布式的V2X Server通知网络性能信息和/或网络性能预测信息，则：
1)、中心的网络分析功能要向分布式的网络分析功能同步网元故障/告警信息；
2)、中心的网络分析功能要向分布式的网络分析功能同步AMF1、SMF1、UPF1、PCF1、UDM1、NRF1的网络性能信息和/或网络性能预测信息；
3)、如果gNB的信息是由中心的网络分析功能订阅的，则中心的网络分析功能要将要上报的Cell、Measurement Report及网络性能信息和/或网络性能预测信息同步给分布式的网络分析功能。
情形二、如果gNB的信息是由分布式的网络分析功能订阅的，则分布式的网络分析功能要将分析得到的UE移动轨迹同步给中心的网络分析功能，中心的网络分析功能再将该UE移动轨迹进一步同步给其他分布式的网络分析功能。
情形三、如果需要由中心的网络分析功能向中心的V2X Server通知网络性能信息和/ 或网络性能预测信息，则：
如果gNB的Cell粒度的网络性能参数信息和/或网络性能参数预测信息是由分布式的网络分析功能订阅的，则分布式的网络分析功能要将要上报的Cell、Cell粒度的网络性能参数信息和网络性能参数预测信息中的一项或多项同步给中心的网络分析功能。
步骤910、网络分析功能向V2X Server发送通知消息。
该消息的信元包括：
1)、数据：[网络性能参数1,值],[网络性能参数2,值],…,[网络性能参数n,值]；
作为一种可替代的实现方法，该信元中的数据也可以是[网络性能等级,值]。
2)、区域：Cell x；
3)、时间：当前(同时可以指示Cell x是UE当前所在的Cell)或预测进入新Cell的时间(同时可以指示Cell x是预测UE将进入的新Cell)。
其中，网络分析功能在第一次得到UE所在的Cell时，将该Cell的网络性能信息/网络性能预测信息时，上报给V2X Server；后续，在该Cell停留期间，如果该Cell的网络性能信息/网络性能预测信息发生跨阈值的变化时，再上报给V2X Server。后续，当UE进入一个新的Cell时将该新Cell的网络性能信息上报给V2X Server；或者将预测的UE将进入的新Cell的网络性能信息和进入时间点上报给V2X Server，在UE进入这新Cell前如果该Cell的网络性能发生跨阈值的变化，要再上报给V2X Server；后续，如果这个预测的新Cell发生变化，也就是修正了预测结果，则要把新的”下一个Cell”、将进入时间点、及其网络性能信息上报给V2X Server。
按V2X Server的订阅要求，可以由中心的网络分析功能将网络性能信息统一通知给中心的V2X Server；也可以由分布式的网络分析功能分别将Cell 1、Cell3和Cell 2、Cell 4的网络性能信息通知给分布式的V2X Server。
该实施例具有以下有益效果：可以向V2X Server提供基于准确的UE移动轨迹的实时的网络性能信息/网络性能预测信息。
上述主要从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，上述实现各网元为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本发明能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
如图11所示，为本申请所涉及的网络性能的上报装置的一种可能的示例性框图，该装置1100可以以软件或硬件的形式存在。装置1100可以包括：处理单元1102和通信单元1101。作为一种实现方式，该通信单元1101可以包括接收单元和发送单元。处理单元1102用于对装置1100的动作进行控制管理。通信单元1101用于支持装置1100与其他网络实体的通信。
其中，处理单元1102可以是处理器或控制器，例如可以是通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，通用处理器，数字信号处理(digital signal processing，DSP)，专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuits，ASIC)，现场可编程门阵列(field  programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任意组合。其可以实现或执行结合本申请公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框，模块和电路。所述处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包括一个或多个微处理器组合，DSP和微处理器的组合等等。通信单元1101是一种该装置的接口电路，用于从其它装置接收信号。例如，当该装置以芯片的方式实现时，该通信单元1101是该芯片用于从其它芯片或装置接收信号的接口电路，或者，是该芯片用于向其它芯片或装置发送信号的接口电路。
该装置1100可以为上述实施例中的数据分析网元、第二网元、接入网设备或OAM，还可以为用于数据分析网元、第二网元、接入网设备或OAM的芯片。例如，当装置1100为数据分析网元、第二网元、接入网设备或OAM时，该处理单元1102例如可以是处理器，该通信单元1101例如可以是收发器。可选的，该收发器可以包括射频电路，该存储单元例如可以是存储器。例如，当装置1100为用于数据分析网元、第二网元、接入网设备或OAM的芯片时，该处理单元1102例如可以是处理器，该通信单元1101例如可以是输入/输出接口、管脚或电路等。该处理单元1102可执行存储单元存储的计算机执行指令，可选地，该存储单元为该芯片内的存储单元，如寄存器、缓存等，该存储单元还可以是该数据分析网元、第二网元、接入网设备或OAM内的位于该芯片外部的存储单元，如只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)等。
在第一个实施例中，该装置1100为上述实施例中的数据分析网元。所述通信单元1101，用于从第一网元接收第一订阅消息，所述第一订阅消息用于请求订阅第一区域的网络性能参数信息；所述第一区域对应的接入网设备获取所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息用于指示所述第一区域的网络性能；以及，在所述处理单元1102确定满足第一上报条件时，向所述第一网元发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息或发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息对应的网络性能等级，所述网络性能等级用于指示所述第一区域的网络性能的好坏；所述处理单元1102，用于确定满足所述第一上报条件。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述通信单元1101，具体用于：向所述第一区域对应的接入网设备发送第二订阅消息，所述第二订阅消息用于请求订阅所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息；从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备接收所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息是在满足第二上报条件时发送的；其中，所述第二上报条件包括以下一项或多项：上报周期到达、所述数据分析网元订阅的所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息达到第一阈值。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息包括网络性能参数和相应的取值，所述网络性能参数包括以下一项或多项：无线资源控制RRC连接数、协议数据单元PDU会话数、物理资源块PRB利用率、切换成功率、切换失败率、设备到设备D2D资源利用率、Uu口资源利用率、物理下行控制信道PDCCH拥塞、随机接入信道RACH成功率、RACH失败率、空口时延。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一区域包括一个或多个小区，所述第一订阅消息包括所述一个小区或多个小区的标识；或者，所述第一区域包括一个或多个跟踪区域，所述第一订阅消息包括所述一个或多个跟踪区域的标识。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述第一网元订 阅的所述网络性能参数信息达到第二阈值、所述数据分析网元第一次获取到所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一订阅消息还用于请求订阅所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息；所述处理单元1102，还用于根据所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息和所述第一区域的历史网络性能参数信息，确定所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息；所述通信单元1101，还用于在所述处理单元1102确定满足第三上报条件时，向所述第一网元发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第三上报条件包括以下一项或多项：第一网元订阅的所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息达到第三阈值、所述装置第一次获取到所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一订阅消息包括终端设备的标识，所述第一区域为所述终端设备所在的小区。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述终端设备进入所述第一区域、所述第一网元订阅的所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息达到第四阈值。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一订阅消息还用于请求订阅所述第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息，所述第二区域为所述终端设备将要进入的下一个小区；所述通信单元1101，还用于从所述第二区域对应的接入网设备获取所述第二区域的网络性能参数信息，所述第二区域的网络性能参数信息用于指示所述第二区域的网络性能；所述处理单元1102，还用于根据所述第二区域的网络性能参数信息和所述第二区域的历史网络性能参数信息，确定所述第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息；所述通信单元1101，还用于在所述处理单元1102确定满足第四上报条件时，向所述第一网元发送所述第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第四上报条件包括以下一项或多项：确定所述终端设备将要进入所述第二区域、第一网元订阅的所述第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息达到第五阈值。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述通信单元1101，还用于从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备获取所述终端设备的位置信息，所述终端设备的位置信息为所述第一区域的信息；所述处理单元1102，还用于根据所述终端设备的位置信息和所述终端设备的历史位置信息，确定所述终端设备的移动轨迹，所述移动轨迹用于指示所终端设备的移动方向和移动时经过的位置；根据所述移动轨迹和网络拓扑结构，确定终端设备将要进入的所述第二区域的信息，所述网络拓扑结构用于指示网络中的各个小区的分布位置，所述各个小区包括所述第一区域和所述第二区域。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述通信单元1101，具体用于：向所述第一区域对应的接入网设备发送第三订阅消息，所述第三订阅消息用于请求订阅所述终端设备的位置信息；从所述接入网设备接收所述终端设备的位置信息，所述终端设备的位置信息是在满足第五上报条件时发送的；其中，所述第五上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述终端设备的位置发生变化、上报周期到达。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述通信单元1101，还用于从所述接入网设备获取所述终端设备的测量报告；所述处理单元1102，还用于根据所述终端设备的测量报告，确定所述终端设备的经纬度信息；根据所述终端设备的经纬度信息和所述终端设备的经纬度信息， 确定所述终端设备的移动轨迹，所述移动轨迹用于指示所终端设备的移动方向和移动时经过的位置；根据所述移动轨迹和网络拓扑结构，确定终端设备将要进入的所述第二区域，所述网络拓扑结构用于指示网络中的各个小区的分布位置，所述各个小区包括所述第一区域和所述第二区域。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述通信单元1101，具体用于：向所述第一区域对应的接入网设备发送第四订阅消息，所述第四订阅消息用于请求订阅所述终端设备的测量报告；从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备接收所述终端设备的测量报告，所述终端设备的测量报告是在满足第六上报条件时发送的；其中，所述第六上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述第一区域对应的接入网设备接收到所述测量报告、上报周期到达。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述终端设备的测量报告包括以下一项或多项：参考信号接收功率RSRP、参考信号接收质量RSRQ、信号与干扰加噪声比SNR、所述终端设备的吞吐量、信道状态信息CSI。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述通信单元1101，还用于：从所述第一区域对应的第二网元获取网元性能信息，所述网元性能信息用于指示所述第二网元的性能状况；向所述第一网元发送所述第一区域的网元性能信息。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述网元性能信息包括以下一项或多项：网元的负荷、网元的吞吐量、网元的用户数。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述通信单元1101，还用于：从所述第一区域对应的操作管理维护OAM系统获取所述第一区域对应的网元的故障信息；向所述第一网元发送所述第一区域对应的网元的故障信息。
在第二个实施例中，该装置1100为上述实施例中的第二网元，通信单元1101，用于从数据分析网元接收订阅消息，所述订阅消息用于请求订阅所述第二网元的网元性能信息，所述网元性能信息用于指示所述第二网元的性能状况；当满足上报条件时，通信单元1101，还用于向所述数据分析网元发送所述第二网元的网元性能信息。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述上报条件包括以下一项或多项：上报周期到达、所述数据分析网元订阅的所述第二网元的网络性能信息达到阈值。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述网元性能信息包括以下一项或多项：网元的负荷、网元的吞吐量、网元的用户数。
在第三个实施例中，该装置1100为上述实施例中的接入网设备，所述通信单元1101，用于从数据分析网元接收第二订阅消息，所述第二订阅消息用于请求订阅第一区域的网络性能参数信息，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息用于指示所述第一区域的网络性能；以及，当所述处理单元1102确定满足第二上报条件时，向所述数据分析网元发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息；所述处理单元1102，用于确定满足所述第二上报条件。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第二上报条件包括以下一项或多项：上报周期到达、所述数据分析网元订阅的所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息达到第一阈值。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息包括网络性能参数和相应的取值，所述网络性能参数包括以下一项或多项：无线资源控制RRC连接数、协议数据单元PDU会话数、物理资源块PRB利用率、切换成功率、切换失败率、设备到设备D2D资源利用率、Uu口资源利用率、物理下行控制信道PDCCH拥塞、随机接入信道RACH成功率、RACH失败率、空口时延。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述通信单元1101，还用于：从所述数据分析网元接收第三订阅消息，所述第三订阅消息用于请求订阅所述终端设备的位置信息；当所述处理单元1102确定满足第五上报条件时，向所述数据分析网元发送所述终端设备的位置信息。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第五上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述终端设备的位置发生变化、上报周期到达。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述通信单元1101，还用于：从所述数据分析网元接收第四订阅消息，所述第四订阅消息用于请求订阅所述终端设备的测量报告；当所述处理单元1102确定满足第六上报条件时，向所述数据分析网元发送所述终端设备的测量报告。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第六上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述通信单元1101接收到所述终端设备的测量报告、上报周期到达。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述终端设备的测量报告包括以下一项或多项：参考信号接收功率RSRP、参考信号接收质量RSRP、信号与干扰加噪声比SNR、所述终端设备的吞吐量、信道状态信息CSI。
在第四个实施例中，该装置1100为上述实施例中的OAM。通信单元1101，用于从数据分析网元接收订阅消息，所述订阅消息用于请求订阅第一区域对应的网元的故障信息；当满足上报条件时，通信单元1101，还用于向所述数据分析网元发送所述第一区域对应的网元的故障信息。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述上报条件包括：所述第一区域对应的网元发生故障告警。
可以理解的是，该装置用于上述网络性能的上报方法时的具体实现过程以及相应的有益效果，可以参考前述方法实施例中的相关描述，这里不再赘述。
如图12所示，为本申请提供的一种网络性能的上报装置示意图，该装置可以是上述实施例中的数据分析网元、第二网元、接入网设备或OAM。该装置1200包括：处理器1202和通信接口1203，可选的，装置1200还可以包括存储器1201。可选的，装置1200还可以包括通信线路1204。其中，通信接口1203、处理器1202以及存储器1201可以通过通信线路1204相互连接；通信线路1204可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect，简称PCI)总线或扩展工业标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，简称EISA)总线等。所述通信线路1204可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图12中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
处理器1202可以是一个CPU，微处理器，ASIC，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。
通信接口1203，使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其他设备或通信网络通信，如以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)，有线接入网等。
存储器1201可以是ROM或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，RAM或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或 存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器可以是独立存在，通过通信线路1204与处理器相连接。存储器也可以和处理器集成在一起。
其中，存储器1201用于存储执行本申请方案的计算机执行指令，并由处理器1202来控制执行。处理器1202用于执行存储器1201中存储的计算机执行指令，从而实现本申请上述实施例提供的网络性能的上报方法。
可选的，本申请实施例中的计算机执行指令也可以称之为应用程序代码，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：本申请中涉及的第一、第二等各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围，也表示先后顺序。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“至少一个”是指一个或者多个。至少两个是指两个或者多个。“至少一个”、“任意一个”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a,b,或c中的至少一项(个、种)，可以表示：a,b,c,a-b,a-c,b-c,或a-b-c，其中a,b,c可以是单个，也可以是多个。“多个”是指两个或两个以上，其它量词与之类似。此外，对于单数形式“a”，“an”和“the”出现的元素(element)，除非上下文另有明确规定，否则其不意味着“一个或仅一个”，而是意味着“一个或多于一个”。例如，“a device”意味着对一个或多个这样的device。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包括一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(Solid State Disk，SSD))等。
本申请实施例中所描述的各种说明性的逻辑单元和电路可以通过通用处理器，数字信号处理器，专用集成电路(ASIC)，现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或其它可编程逻辑装置，离散门或晶体管逻辑，离散硬件部件，或上述任何组合的设计来实现或操作所描述的功能。通用处理器可以为微处理器，可选地，该通用处理器也可以为任何传统的处理器、控制器、微控制器或状态机。处理器也可以通过计算装置的组合来实现，例如数字信号处理器和微处理器，多个微处理器，一个或多个微处理器联合一个数字信号处理器核，或任何其它类似的配置来实现。
本申请实施例中所描述的方法或算法的步骤可以直接嵌入硬件、处理器执行的软件单元、或者这两者的结合。软件单元可以存储于RAM存储器、闪存、ROM存储器、EPROM 存储器、EEPROM存储器、寄存器、硬盘、可移动磁盘、CD-ROM或本领域中其它任意形式的存储媒介中。示例性地，存储媒介可以与处理器连接，以使得处理器可以从存储媒介中读取信息，并可以向存储媒介存写信息。可选地，存储媒介还可以集成到处理器中。处理器和存储媒介可以设置于ASIC中。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管结合具体特征及其实施例对本申请进行了描述，显而易见的，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下，可对其进行各种修改和组合。相应地，本说明书和附图仅仅是所附权利要求所界定的本申请的示例性说明，且视为已覆盖本申请范围内的任意和所有修改、变化、组合或等同物。显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包括这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (34)

  1. 一种网络性能的上报方法，其特征在于，包括：
    数据分析网元从第一网元接收第一订阅消息，所述第一订阅消息用于请求订阅第一区域的网络性能参数信息；
    所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备获取所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息用于指示所述第一区域的网络性能；
    所述数据分析网元确定满足第一上报条件时，向所述第一网元发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息或发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息对应的网络性能等级，所述网络性能等级用于指示所述第一区域的网络性能的好坏。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备获取所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息，包括：
    所述数据分析网元向所述第一区域对应的接入网设备发送第二订阅消息，所述第二订阅消息用于请求订阅所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息；
    所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备接收所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息是在满足第二上报条件时发送的；
    其中，所述第二上报条件包括以下一项或多项：上报周期到达、所述数据分析网元订阅的所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息达到第一阈值。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息包括网络性能参数和相应的取值，所述网络性能参数包括以下一项或多项：
    无线资源控制RRC连接数、协议数据单元PDU会话数、物理资源块PRB利用率、切换成功率、切换失败率、设备到设备D2D资源利用率、Uu口资源利用率、物理下行控制信道PDCCH拥塞、随机接入信道RACH成功率、RACH失败率、空口时延。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一区域包括一个或多个小区，所述第一订阅消息包括所述一个小区或多个小区的标识；或者，
    所述第一区域包括一个或多个跟踪区域，所述第一订阅消息包括所述一个或多个跟踪区域的标识。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一上报条件包括以下一项或多项：
    所述第一网元订阅的所述网络性能参数信息达到第二阈值、所述数据分析网元第一次获取到所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一订阅消息还用于请求订阅所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述数据分析网元根据所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息和所述第一区域的历史网络性能参数信息，确定所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息；
    所述数据分析网元确定满足第三上报条件时，向所述第一网元发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三上报条件包括以下一项或多项：
    第一网元订阅的所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息达到第三阈值、所述数据分析网元第一次获取到所述第一区域的网络性能参数预测信息。
  8. 如权利要求1-3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一订阅消息包括终端设备的标识，所述第一区域为所述终端设备所在的小区。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一上报条件包括以下一项或多项：
    所述终端设备进入所述第一区域、所述第一网元订阅的所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息达到第四阈值。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一订阅消息还用于请求订阅所述第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息，所述第二区域为所述终端设备将要进入的下一个小区；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述数据分析网元从所述第二区域对应的接入网设备获取所述第二区域的网络性能参数信息，所述第二区域的网络性能参数信息用于指示所述第二区域的网络性能；
    所述数据分析网元根据所述第二区域的网络性能参数信息和所述第二区域的历史网络性能参数信息，确定所述第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息；
    所述数据分析网元确定满足第四上报条件时，向所述第一网元发送所述第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第四上报条件包括以下一项或多项：
    所述数据分析网元确定所述终端设备将要进入所述第二区域、第一网元订阅的所述第二区域的网络性能参数预测信息达到第五阈值。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备获取所述终端设备的位置信息，所述终端设备的位置信息为所述第一区域的信息；
    所述数据分析网元根据所述终端设备的位置信息和所述终端设备的历史位置信息，确定所述终端设备的移动轨迹，所述移动轨迹用于指示所终端设备的移动方向和移动时经过的位置；
    所述数据分析网元根据所述移动轨迹和网络拓扑结构，确定终端设备将要进入的所述第二区域的信息，所述网络拓扑结构用于指示网络中的各个小区的分布位置，所述各个小区包括所述第一区域和所述第二区域。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的所述接入网设备获取所述终端设备的位置信息，包括：
    所述数据分析网元向所述第一区域对应的接入网设备发送第三订阅消息，所述第三订阅消息用于请求订阅所述终端设备的位置信息；
    所述数据分析网元从所述接入网设备接收所述终端设备的位置信息，所述终端设备的位置信息是在满足第五上报条件时发送的；
    其中，所述第五上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述终端设备的位置发生变化、上报周期到达。
  14. 如权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述数据分析网元从所述接入网设备获取所述终端设备的测量报告；
    所述数据分析网元根据所述终端设备的测量报告，确定所述终端设备的经纬度信息；
    所述数据分析网元根据所述终端设备的经纬度信息和所述终端设备的经纬度信息，确定所述终端设备的移动轨迹，所述移动轨迹用于指示所终端设备的移动方向和移动时经过 的位置；
    所述数据分析网元根据所述移动轨迹和网络拓扑结构，确定终端设备将要进入的所述第二区域，所述网络拓扑结构用于指示网络中的各个小区的分布位置，所述各个小区包括所述第一区域和所述第二区域。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据分析网元从所述接入网设备获取所述终端设备的测量报告，包括：
    所述数据分析网元向所述第一区域对应的接入网设备发送第四订阅消息，所述第四订阅消息用于请求订阅所述终端设备的测量报告；
    所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的接入网设备接收所述终端设备的测量报告，所述终端设备的测量报告是在满足第六上报条件时发送的；
    其中，所述第六上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述第一区域对应的接入网设备接收到所述测量报告、上报周期到达。
  16. 如权利要求14或15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备的测量报告包括以下一项或多项：
    参考信号接收功率RSRP、参考信号接收质量RSRQ、信号与干扰加噪声比SNR、所述终端设备的吞吐量、信道状态信息CSI。
  17. 如权利要求1-16任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的第二网元获取网元性能信息，所述网元性能信息用于指示所述第二网元的性能状况；
    所述数据分析网元向所述第一网元发送所述第一区域的网元性能信息。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网元性能信息包括以下一项或多项：
    网元的负荷、网元的吞吐量、网元的用户数。
  19. 如权利要求1-18任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述数据分析网元从所述第一区域对应的操作管理维护OAM系统获取所述第一区域对应的网元的故障信息；
    所述数据分析网元向所述第一网元发送所述第一区域对应的网元的故障信息。
  20. 一种网络性能的上报方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接入网设备从数据分析网元接收第二订阅消息，所述第二订阅消息用于请求订阅第一区域的网络性能参数信息，所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息用于指示所述第一区域的网络性能；
    当满足第二上报条件时，所述接入网设备向所述数据分析网元发送所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二上报条件包括以下一项或多项：上报周期到达、所述数据分析网元订阅的所述第一区域的网络性能参数信息达到第一阈值。
  22. 如权利要求20或21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备从所述数据分析网元接收第三订阅消息，所述第三订阅消息用于请求订阅所述终端设备的位置信息；
    当满足第五上报条件时，所述接入网设备向所述数据分析网元发送所述终端设备的位 置信息。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第五上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述终端设备的位置发生变化、上报周期到达。
  24. 如权利要求20-23任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备从所述数据分析网元接收第四订阅消息，所述第四订阅消息用于请求订阅所述终端设备的测量报告；
    当满足第六上报条件时，所述接入网设备向所述数据分析网元发送所述终端设备的测量报告。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第六上报条件包括以下一项或多项：所述第一区域对应的接入网设备接收到所述终端设备的测量报告、上报周期到达。
  26. 一种网络性能的上报装置，其特征在于，所述装置具有实现如权利要求1-19任一所述的方法的功能。
  27. 一种网络性能的上报装置，其特征在于，所述装置具有实现如权利要求20-25任一所述的方法的功能。
  28. 一种网络性能的上报装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器调用所述存储器中存储的程序，以使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求1-19任一所述的方法。
  29. 一种网络性能的上报装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器调用所述存储器中存储的程序，以使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求20-25任一所述的方法。
  30. 一种网络性能的上报系统，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1-19任一所述的方法的装置，和，用于执行如权利要求20-25任一所述的方法的装置。
  31. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合；
    存储器，用于存储计算机程序；
    处理器，用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使得所述装置执行如权利要求1至19中任一项所述的方法。
  32. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合；
    存储器，用于存储计算机程序；
    处理器，用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使得所述装置执行如权利要求20至25中任一项所述的方法。
  33. 一种可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括程序或指令，当所述程序或指令在计算机上运行时，如权利要求1至25中任意一项所述的方法被执行。
  34. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1至25中任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2020/081239 2019-07-03 2020-03-25 一种网络性能的上报方法及装置 WO2021000609A1 (zh)

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