WO2021000237A1 - 一种海面垃圾清理机器人和清理方法 - Google Patents
一种海面垃圾清理机器人和清理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021000237A1 WO2021000237A1 PCT/CN2019/094276 CN2019094276W WO2021000237A1 WO 2021000237 A1 WO2021000237 A1 WO 2021000237A1 CN 2019094276 W CN2019094276 W CN 2019094276W WO 2021000237 A1 WO2021000237 A1 WO 2021000237A1
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- garbage
- moving body
- sea surface
- storage box
- robot
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
- E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
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- the invention relates to the technical field of sea garbage cleaning, in particular to a sea garbage cleaning robot and a cleaning method.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sea surface garbage cleaning robot and cleaning method.
- the invention uses robots to clean up sea surface garbage with high efficiency and continuous work, which can quickly clean up a sea area and reduce the pollution of garbage to the ocean. .
- a sea surface garbage cleaning robot the robot includes a mobile body and a garbage disposal management unit, and the mobile body is provided with a mechanical arm for salvaging garbage;
- the robot arm can be provided in multiple, so that they are evenly distributed and installed on the side wall of the moving body to improve fishing efficiency.
- the bottom end of the robot arm is fixed on the rotating seat, and the front end of the robot arm Equipped with a mechanical gripper to pick up garbage on the sea.
- the ultrasonic transmitter When the ultrasonic transmitter emits ultrasonic waves of a specific frequency in a selected direction, the ultrasonic waves will form a reflected wave when it touches a large object. After a period of time, the ultrasonic receiver receives the reflected wave from the reflection.
- the frequency used in this application is 5.8 ⁇ 104Hz ultrasonic, according to the direction of the time reflected wave of the received ultrasonic wave, the position of the floating object from the robot can be calculated.
- the base of the camera device is a rotatable base
- the rotatable base includes a fixed block and a rotating block
- the bottom fixed block is fixed on the moving body
- the fixed block is provided with a rotating block for driving it.
- Rotating drive motor Rotating drive motor
- a plurality of camera devices can be provided, and they can be evenly fixed around the moving body.
- the positioning device is used to position the moving body, and the driving device is used to push the moving body to move according to a predetermined travel route;
- the positioning device adopts a GPS satellite positioning device or a Beidou satellite positioning device, and there are several driving devices, which are evenly distributed and fixed on the lower end of the mobile body.
- the driving device adopts electric propellers.
- the trash storage box is placed in the middle of the mobile body, and two lifting lugs are symmetrically provided on the side wall of the trash storage box, and the lifting lugs can facilitate the hoisting of the trash storage box by a crane.
- the weight detection device adopts a weight sensor, which is arranged below the garbage storage box, and the weight sensor is used to detect the weight of the garbage salvaged in the garbage storage box to prevent the moving body from being overweight.
- the positive and negative strings of the battery are like a current checking resistor. When a current flows through the resistor, a voltage is generated. By detecting this voltage, the current flowing through the battery can be calculated, so the battery's power change can be accurately tracked. The accuracy can reach 1%.
- the garbage disposal management unit includes a wireless communication unit for information exchange and wireless communication with the mobile body;
- a garbage dumping point is set to collect and process the garbage collected by the mobile main body
- a hoist is provided at the garbage dumping point for hoisting the garbage storage box from the mobile body, and the garbage dumping point is also provided with a clamping and turning device for clamping and turning the garbage storage box. Pour the garbage into the rear compartment of the transport vehicle.
- the clamping and turning device includes a left clamping device and a right clamping device, the left clamping device and the right clamping device have the same structure and are arranged symmetrically, and the left clamping device includes a support seat, an air cylinder, The connecting plate, the motor, and the clamping plate, the support base is vertically fixed on the ground, the cylinder is fixed horizontally at the upper end of the support base, the connecting plate is fixed at the end of the output shaft of the cylinder, and the motor is fixed at the connection On the plate, the center of the clamping plate is fixed at the output end of the motor, and the clamping plates on both sides are parallel to each other.
- the charging pile is also provided with an infrared positioning device, the infrared positioning device includes an infrared transmitter, which is fixed on the support frame for transmitting infrared rays, and includes an infrared receiver, which is fixed on the mobile body for receiving infrared signals .
- the infrared positioning device includes an infrared transmitter, which is fixed on the support frame for transmitting infrared rays, and includes an infrared receiver, which is fixed on the mobile body for receiving infrared signals .
- a fixing device is provided at the charging pile, the fixing device includes an electromagnet and an armature, the electromagnet is fixed on the support frame, and the armature is fixed on the moving body;
- both the wireless communication device and the wireless communication unit adopt a Wi-Fi module or a mobile network module.
- a cleaning method using a sea surface garbage cleaning robot includes the following steps:
- S1 Survey the sea surface, formulate the robot's established driving route, and make the robot move along the established driving route;
- S2 Transmit ultrasonic waves to the surroundings through the ultrasonic device around the robot, and determine the distance between the garbage on the sea and the moving body and the direction relative to the moving body according to the time and direction of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic device;
- the driving device drives the moving body to drive in this direction. If the moving body receives reflected waves in multiple directions, it will preferentially drive to the nearest place;
- the moving body locates the current position coordinates through the positioning device, and plans a navigation route from the current coordinates to the coordinates when the moving body leaves the predetermined driving route, and then returns to the predetermined driving route according to the navigation route Route, the mobile subject continues to drive along its established route;
- the invention uses robots to clean up garbage on the sea surface, has high efficiency, can perform continuous work, can quickly clean up a sea area, and reduce the pollution of garbage to the ocean.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the robot of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the garbage dumping point of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the charging pile of the present invention.
- the present invention provides a technical solution: a sea surface garbage cleaning robot, the robot includes a mobile body 16 and a garbage disposal management unit, the mobile body 16 is provided with a mechanical arm 1 for salvaging Rubbish;
- a plurality of mechanical arms 1 can be arranged to be evenly distributed and installed on the side wall of the moving body 16 to increase fishing efficiency.
- the bottom end of the mechanical arm 1 is fixed on the rotating seat.
- the front end of the machine is equipped with a mechanical gripper for picking up garbage on the sea.
- It includes a plurality of ultrasonic devices 2, evenly distributed on the outer side wall of the circumference of the moving body 16, for detecting garbage on the sea surface of the robot circumference and determining its direction and distance;
- the ultrasonic transmitter When the ultrasonic transmitter emits ultrasonic waves of a specific frequency in a selected direction, the ultrasonic waves will form a reflected wave when it touches a large object. After a period of time, the ultrasonic receiver receives the reflected wave from the reflection.
- the frequency used in this application is 5.8 ⁇ 104Hz ultrasonic, according to the direction of the time reflected wave of the received ultrasonic wave, the position of the floating object from the robot can be calculated.
- the base of the camera device 3 is a rotatable base
- the rotatable base includes a fixed block and a rotating block
- the bottom fixed block is fixed on the moving body 16
- the fixed block is provided inside the fixed block for driving it.
- the driving motor for the rotation of the rotating block.
- multiple imaging devices 3 can be provided, and they are evenly fixed around the moving body 16.
- processor device 4 Including the processor device 4 to integrate, analyze, and process information
- the positioning device 6 is used to position the moving body 16, and the driving device 7 is used to push the moving body 16 to move according to a predetermined travel route;
- the positioning device 6 adopts a GPS satellite positioning device 6 or a Beidou satellite positioning device 6.
- driving devices 7 which are evenly distributed and fixed on the lower end of the moving body 16, and the driving device 7 is propelled by an electric propeller.
- the outside of the electric propeller is equipped with a cover to prevent garbage from getting entangled on the blades.
- this application uses two electric propellers for propulsion.
- the two electric propellers rotate at a rotating speed
- the moving body 16 can be pushed forward.
- the forward direction of the moving body 16 can be adjusted.
- the mobile body 16 of this application is provided with an automatic navigation system.
- the purpose of the automatic navigation system is to receive the current position of the mobile body 16 by the GPS satellite positioning device 6 or the Beidou satellite positioning device 6 and compare and refer the data with the user-defined destination
- the electronic map calculates the driving route and feeds the information back to the moving body 16 in real time.
- the trash storage box 8 is placed in the middle of the mobile body 16, and two lifting lugs 12 are symmetrically provided on the side wall of the trash storage box 8.
- the lifting lugs 12 can facilitate the hoist 10 to lift the trash storage box 8. Up.
- It includes a weight detection device, which is arranged under the garbage storage box 8 to detect the weight of the salvaged garbage;
- the weight detection device adopts a weight sensor, which is arranged under the garbage storage box 8, and the weight sensor is used to detect the weight of the garbage salvaged in the garbage storage box 8 to prevent the moving body 16 from being overweight.
- the positive and negative strings of the battery are like a current checking resistor. When a current flows through the resistor, a voltage is generated. By detecting this voltage, the current flowing through the battery can be calculated, so the battery's power change can be accurately tracked. The accuracy can reach 1%.
- the garbage disposal management unit includes a wireless communication unit for information exchange and wireless communication with the mobile body 16;
- a garbage dumping point is set to collect and process the garbage collected by the mobile main body 16;
- a hoist 10 is provided at the garbage dumping point for lifting the garbage storage box 8 from the mobile body 16, and the garbage dumping point is also provided with a clamping and turning device for clamping the garbage storage box 8 Turn it over immediately and dump the garbage into the rear compartment of 11 transport vehicles.
- the clamping and turning device includes a left clamping device and a right clamping device.
- the left clamping device and the right clamping device have the same structure and are arranged symmetrically.
- the left clamping device includes a support base 17, a cylinder 20.
- the connecting plate 19, the motor 18, and the clamping plate 21, the support base 17 is vertically fixed on the ground, the motor 18 is horizontally fixed on the upper end of the support base 17, and the connecting plate 19 is fixed on the output of the motor 18
- the cylinder 20 is fixed on the connecting plate 19, the center of the clamping plate 21 is fixed on the output end of the cylinder 20, and the clamping plates 21 on both sides are parallel to each other.
- It includes a plurality of charging piles for charging the mobile body 16, and the charging piles are set on the water surface through a support frame 24;
- an infrared positioning device 6 is further provided at the charging pile, and the infrared positioning device 6 includes an infrared transmitter 23, which is fixed on the support frame 24 for transmitting infrared rays, and includes an infrared receiver 13, which is fixed on the mobile body 16. Used to receive infrared signals.
- a fixing device is provided at the charging pile, the fixing device includes an electromagnet 14 and an armature 22, the electromagnet 14 is fixed on the support frame 24, and the armature 22 is fixed on the moving body 16;
- both the wireless communication device 9 and the wireless communication unit adopt a Wi-Fi module or a mobile network module.
- a cleaning method using a sea surface garbage cleaning robot includes the following steps:
- S1 Survey the sea surface, formulate the robot's established driving route, and make the robot move along the established driving route;
- the robot When the robot is traveling along the established driving route, it can clean up the sea surface of the moving body within a 16 circle and 50m. Therefore, when formulating the driving route, it should be satisfied that the sea surface cleaned by the robot should be able to cover and need to be cleaned when the robot finishes the driving route. Of the sea.
- the ultrasonic device 2 in the circumference of the robot transmits ultrasonic waves to the surroundings, and the distance between the garbage on the sea and the moving body 16 and relative to the moving body 16 is determined according to the time and direction of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic device 2 The direction;
- the ultrasonic transmitter parallel to the sea surface to make the emitted ultrasonic waves as close to the sea surface as possible. Because the sound propagation speed in the air is about 340m/s, the time of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic device 2 can be calculated for floating objects and movement The distance of the main body 16.
- the driving device 7 drives the moving body 16 to travel in this direction. If the moving body 16 receives reflected waves in multiple directions, it will preferentially travel to the nearest place;
- This device adopts the principle of distance priority. First, the garbage that is close to the moving body 16 is cleaned up.
- the robotic arm 1 can grab the garbage within 2m of the moving body 16 and put it into the garbage storage box 8;
- the captured image can be stored in the storage device 5, or sent to the garbage disposal management unit via the wireless communication device 9, and the garbage disposal management unit can store it in the storage unit for downloading and viewing.
- the moving body 16 locates the current position coordinates through the positioning device 6, and plans a navigation route from the current coordinates to the coordinates when the moving body 16 leaves the predetermined driving route, and presses the navigation The route returns to the established driving route, and the mobile body 16 continues to drive along its established driving route;
- S6 Repeat steps S2, S3, S4, and S5.
- the mobile body 16 locates the current position coordinates through the positioning device 6 and plans the current coordinates to the trash The navigation route of the dumping point, and start returning according to the navigation route;
- the garbage storage box 8 is lifted by the crane 10 and moved to the garbage transport truck 11, the side wall of the garbage storage box 8 is clamped by the clamping and turning device, and then turned over to The garbage is dumped into the rear compartment of the garbage transport truck 11. After the garbage is dumped, the clamping and turning device will straighten the garbage storage box 8 and release it, and the crane 10 will reposition the garbage storage box 8 on the moving body 16;
- the power information can be sent to the garbage disposal management unit through the wireless communication device 9 in advance.
- the garbage disposal management unit sends the coordinate information of the idle charging pile to the mobile body 16, and when the mobile body 16 moves to In the coordinate position, the data processing device of the robot sends an instruction to its driving device 7 to make the driving device 7 drive the moving body 16 to make a circle on the water surface.
- the wireless communication device 9 on the robot sends the robot's position information to the central batching unit. After receiving the information, the batching unit turns on the infrared transmitter 23 to emit infrared rays.
- the moving body 16 stops rotating, and at the same time, the moving body 16 is driven toward by the driving device 7 Move with the infrared light source, so that the charging connector 25 can be inserted into the charging port 15 of the robot.
- the electromagnet 14 on the support frame 24 is energized and fixed to the armature 22 on the moving body 16;
- the robot continues to drive along the established route to clean up the garbage on the sea.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种海面垃圾清理机器人和清理方法,所述机器人包括移动主体和垃圾处理管理单元,所述移动主体设置有机械臂、多个超声波装置、摄像装置、处理器装置、存储装置、定位装置、驱动装置、垃圾存储箱、重量检测装置、蓄电池组、无线通讯装置、垃圾处理管理单元包括无线通讯单元、处理器单元、垃圾倾倒点、多个充电桩;本发明通过机器人对海面垃圾进行清理,效率高,且能进行持续工作,能够快速的将一片海域清理干净,减少垃圾对海洋的污染。
Description
本发明涉及海面垃圾清理技术领域,具体为一种海面垃圾清理机器人和清理方法。
随着人类生活面积的不断扩张,从陆地到海洋,在海面上漂浮着各种垃圾,对海水造成了污染,需要对漂浮在海面的垃圾进行打捞,现有方式是通过打捞船进行打捞,打捞船在进行打捞作业时通常是人为操控的,其效率慢,且不能持续工作。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种海面垃圾清理机器人和清理方法,本发明通过机器人对海面垃圾进行清理,效率高,且能进行持续工作,能够快速的将一片海域清理干净,减少垃圾对海洋的污染。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种海面垃圾清理机器人,所述机器人包括移动主体和垃圾处理管理单元,所述移动主体设置有机械臂,用于打捞垃圾;
优选的,所述机械臂可设置多个,使其分别均匀分布安装在移动主体的侧壁上,以提高打捞效率,所述机械臂底端固定在转动座上,在所述机械臂的前端设有机械抓手,用于将海面上的垃圾抓起。
包括多个超声波装置,均匀分布在移动主体的周圈外侧壁上,用于检测机器人周圈的海面上的垃圾并确定其方向和距离;
当超声波发射装置向选定的方向发射出特定频率的超声波,该超声波在碰触大物体后会形成反射波,经过一段时间超声波接收装置收到从反射回来的反 射波,本申请采用频率为5.8×104Hz的超声波,根据接收超声波反射波的时间反射波的方向,可以计算出漂浮物距离机器人的位置。
包括摄像装置,用于拍摄海面上的垃圾;
优选的,所述摄像装置的底座为一个可转动底座,所述可转动底座包括固定块和转动块,其底部固定块固定在移动主体上,在所述固定块内部设置有用于驱动其转动块转动的驱动电机。
进一步的,摄像装置可设置多个,均匀的固定在移动主体的四周。
包括处理器装置,对信息进行整合、分析、处理;
包括存储装置,记录机器人的既定行进路线、垃圾倾倒点的坐标;
包括定位装置和驱动装置,定位装置用于对移动主体进行定位,驱动装置用于推动移动主体按既定行进路线移动;
优选的,所述定位装置采用GPS卫星定位装置或北斗卫星定位装置,所述驱动装置有若干个,且均匀分布固定在移动主体的下端,所述驱动装置采用电动螺旋桨推进,电动螺旋桨的外部设有罩壳,防止垃圾缠到桨叶上。
包括垃圾存储箱,用于盛放机械臂打捞的垃圾;
优选的,所述垃圾存储箱安放在移动主体的中部,在垃圾存储箱的侧壁上对称的设有两个吊耳,吊耳可以方便吊机将垃圾存储箱吊起。
包括重量检测装置,设置与垃圾存储箱的下方,用于检测打捞的垃圾的重量;
优选的,所述重量检测装置采用重量传感器,所述重量传感器设置在垃圾存储箱的下方,重量传感器用于检测垃圾存储箱中所打捞的垃圾重量,防止移动主体超重。
包括蓄电池组,用于给移动主体提供电源;
在电池的正极和负极串如一个电流检查电阻,当有电流流经电阻时就会产生一个电压,通过检测这个电压就可以计算出流过电池的电流,因此可以精确的跟踪电池的电量变化,精度可以达到1%。
包括无线通讯装置,用于移动主体与垃圾处理管理单元进行信息交换和无线通讯;
所述垃圾处理管理单元包括无线通讯单元,用于与移动主体之间进行信息交换和无线通讯;
包括处理器单元,对信息进行整合、分析、处理;
设置有垃圾倾倒点,用于将移动主体打捞回来的垃圾进行集中,统一处理;
优选的,所述垃圾倾倒点处设有吊机,用于将垃圾存储箱从移动主体上吊起来,所述垃圾倾倒点还设有夹紧翻转装置,用于将垃圾存储箱夹紧后翻转,将垃圾倒入运输车辆的后车厢中。
进一步的,所述夹紧翻转装置包括左顶紧装置和右顶紧装置,所述左顶紧装置和右顶紧装置结构相同且呈对称设置,所述左顶紧装置包括支撑座、气缸、连接板、电机、以及夹板,所述支撑座呈竖直固定在地面上,所述气缸水平固定在支撑座的上端,所述连接板固定在气缸的输出轴端部,所述电机固定在连接板上,所述夹板的中心固定在电机的输出端,两侧所述的夹板相互平行。
包括多个充电桩,用于给移动主体进行充电,所述充电桩通过支撑架设置在水面上;
优选的,所述充电桩处还设有红外线定位装置,所述红外线定位装置包括红外线发射器,固定在支撑架上用于发射红外线,包括红外线接收器,固定在移动主体上用于接收红外线信号。
进一步的,所述充电桩处设有固定装置,所述固定装置包括电磁铁和衔铁, 所述电磁铁固定在支撑架上,所述衔铁固定在移动主体上;
优选的,所述无线通讯装置和无线通讯单元均采用Wi-Fi模块或移动网络模块。
一种使用海面垃圾清理机器人的清理方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:对海面进行勘测,制定机器人的既定行驶路线,使机器人沿着既定行驶路线移动;
S2:通过机器人周圈的超声波装置向四周发射超声波,根据超声波装置接收到的反射波的时间和反射波的方向来确定海面上垃圾与移动主体之间的距离和相对于移动主体的方向;
S3:根据S2所判断的方向,通过驱动装置驱动移动主体向该方向行驶,若移动主体的多个方向均接受到反射波,则优先向距离最近的一处行驶;
S4:当移动主体移动至S2判断的位置时,打开摄像装置,对海面进行拍摄,并将所拍摄的图像传送至数据处理装置,利用数据处理装置的图像识别功能,识别漂浮的垃圾,通过机械臂上的机械抓手将识别到的垃圾抓起,并将其丢入垃圾存储箱中;
S5:当移动主体周圈50m范围内没有垃圾时,移动主体通过定位装置定位当前位置坐标,并规划当前坐标到移动主体离开既定行驶路线时的坐标的导航路线,并按该导航路线返回既定行驶路线,移动主体继续沿其既定行驶路线行驶;
S6:重复步骤S2、S3、S4、S5,当移动主体的电量低或垃圾存储箱的垃圾重量达到临界值时,移动主体通过定位装置定位当前位置坐标,并规划当前坐标到垃圾倾倒点的导航路线,并按该导航路线开始返航;
S7:将垃圾存储箱的垃圾倒入运输车的后车厢中;
S8:若移动主体需要充电,则移动至充电桩处进行充电,充电完成后,继续按既定行驶路线行驶,清理海面垃圾。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明通过机器人对海面垃圾进行清理,效率高,且能进行持续工作,能够快速的将一片海域清理干净,减少垃圾对海洋的污染。
图1为本发明机器人的结构示意图;
图2为本发明垃圾倾倒点的布置示意图;
图3为本发明充电桩的示意图;
图中:1-机械臂,2-超声波装置,3-摄像装置,4-处理器装置,5-存储装置,6-定位装置,7-驱动装置,8-垃圾存储箱,9-无线通讯装置,10-吊机,11-运输车,12-吊耳,13-红外线接收器,14-电磁铁,15-充电接口,16-移动主体,17-支撑座,18-电机,19-连接板,20-气缸,21-夹板,22-衔铁,23-红外线发射器,24-支撑架,25-充电接头。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1至图3,本发明提供一种技术方案:一种海面垃圾清理机器人,所述机器人包括移动主体16和垃圾处理管理单元,所述移动主体16设置有机械臂1,用于打捞垃圾;
优选的,可设置多个机械臂1,使其分别均匀分布安装在移动主体16的侧 壁上,以增加打捞效率,所述机械臂1底端固定在转动座上,在所述机械臂1的前端设有机械抓手,用于将海面上的垃圾抓起。
包括多个超声波装置2,均匀分布在移动主体16的周圈外侧壁上,用于检测机器人周圈的海面上的垃圾并确定其方向和距离;
当超声波发射装置向选定的方向发射出特定频率的超声波,该超声波在碰触大物体后会形成反射波,经过一段时间超声波接收装置收到从反射回来的反射波,本申请采用频率为5.8×104Hz的超声波,根据接收超声波反射波的时间反射波的方向,可以计算出漂浮物距离机器人的位置。
包括摄像装置3,用于拍摄海面上的垃圾;
优选的,所述摄像装置3的底座为一个可转动底座,所述可转动底座包括固定块和转动块,其底部固定块固定在移动主体16上,在所述固定块内部设置有用于驱动其转动块转动的驱动电机。
进一步的,摄像装置3可设置多个,均匀的固定在移动主体16的四周。
包括处理器装置4,对信息进行整合、分析、处理;
包括存储装置5,记录机器人的既定行进路线、垃圾倾倒点的坐标;
包括定位装置6和驱动装置7,定位装置6用于对移动主体16进行定位,驱动装置7用于推动移动主体16按既定行进路线移动;
优选的,所述定位装置6采用GPS卫星定位装置6或北斗卫星定位装置6,所述驱动装置7有若干个,且均匀分布固定在移动主体16的下端,所述驱动装置7采用电动螺旋桨推进,电动螺旋桨的外部设有罩壳,防止垃圾缠到桨叶上。
进一步的,本申请使用两个电动螺旋桨推进,当两个电动螺旋桨通转速转动时,能够推动移动主体16向前移动,当两个电动螺旋桨转速不一致时,可以调整移动主体16的前进方向。
本申请的移动主体16设置有自动导航系统,自动导航系统的用途是由GPS卫星定位装置6或北斗卫星定位装置6接收移动主体16的当前位置并将数据跟用户自定义的目的地比较、参照电子地图计算行驶路线,并实时将信息反馈给移动主体16。
包括垃圾存储箱8,用于盛放机械臂1打捞的垃圾;
优选的,所述垃圾存储箱8安放在移动主体16的中部,在垃圾存储箱8的侧壁上对称的设有两个吊耳12,吊耳12可以方便吊机10将垃圾存储箱8吊起。
包括重量检测装置,设置与垃圾存储箱8的下方,用于检测打捞的垃圾的重量;
优选的,所述重量检测装置采用重量传感器,所述重量传感器设置在垃圾存储箱8的下方,重量传感器用于检测垃圾存储箱8中所打捞的垃圾重量,防止移动主体16超重。
包括蓄电池组,用于给移动主体16提供电源;
在电池的正极和负极串如一个电流检查电阻,当有电流流经电阻时就会产生一个电压,通过检测这个电压就可以计算出流过电池的电流,因此可以精确的跟踪电池的电量变化,精度可以达到1%。
包括无线通讯装置9,用于移动主体16与垃圾处理管理单元进行信息交换和无线通讯;
所述垃圾处理管理单元包括无线通讯单元,用于与移动主体16之间进行信息交换和无线通讯;
包括处理器单元,对信息进行整合、分析、处理;
设置有垃圾倾倒点,用于将移动主体16打捞回来的垃圾进行集中,统一处理;
优选的,所述垃圾倾倒点处设有吊机10,用于将垃圾存储箱8从移动主体16上吊起来,所述垃圾倾倒点还设有夹紧翻转装置,用于将垃圾存储箱8夹紧后翻转,将垃圾倒入运输车11辆的后车厢中。
进一步的,所述夹紧翻转装置包括左顶紧装置和右顶紧装置,所述左顶紧装置和右顶紧装置结构相同且呈对称设置,所述左顶紧装置包括支撑座17、气缸20、连接板19、电机18、以及夹板21,所述支撑座17呈竖直固定在地面上,所述电机18水平固定在支撑座17的上端,所述连接板19固定在电机18的输出轴端部,所述气缸20固定在连接板19上,所述夹板21的中心固定在气缸20的输出端,两侧所述的夹板21相互平行。
包括多个充电桩,用于给移动主体16进行充电,所述充电桩通过支撑架24设置在水面上;
优选的,所述充电桩处还设有红外线定位装置6,所述红外线定位装置6包括红外线发射器23,固定在支撑架24上用于发射红外线,包括红外线接收器13,固定在移动主体16上用于接收红外线信号。
进一步的,所述充电桩处设有固定装置,所述固定装置包括电磁铁14和衔铁22,所述电磁铁14固定在支撑架24上,所述衔铁22固定在移动主体16上;
优选的,所述无线通讯装置9和无线通讯单元均采用Wi-Fi模块或移动网络模块。
一种使用海面垃圾清理机器人的清理方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:对海面进行勘测,制定机器人的既定行驶路线,使机器人沿着既定行驶路线移动;
机器人沿着既定行驶路线行驶时,能够对移动主体16周圈50m范围的海面进行垃圾清理,所以在制定行驶路线时,应满足当机器人走完行驶路线时,机 器人清扫的海面应能覆盖需要清理的海域。
S2:通过机器人周圈的超声波装置2向四周发射超声波,根据超声波装置2接收到的反射波的时间和反射波的方向来确定海面上垃圾与移动主体16之间的距离和相对于移动主体16的方向;
将超声波发射装置平行与海面设置,使发出的超声波尽可能贴近海面,因为声音在空气中的传播速度大约为340m/s,通过超声波装置2接收到的反射波的时间可以计算处漂浮物与移动主体16的距离。
S3:根据S2所判断的方向,通过驱动装置7驱动移动主体16向该方向行驶,若移动主体16的多个方向均接受到反射波,则优先向距离最近的一处行驶;
本装置采用距离优先的原则,首先清理距离移动主体16较近的垃圾,机械臂1能够将移动主体16周圈2m范围内的垃圾抓取并放入垃圾存储箱8内;
S4:当移动主体16移动至S2判断的位置时,打开摄像装置3,对海面进行拍摄,并将所拍摄的图像传送至数据处理装置,利用数据处理装置的图像识别功能,识别漂浮的垃圾,通过机械臂1上的机械抓手将识别到的垃圾抓起,并将其丢入垃圾存储箱8中;
优选的,可以将拍摄的影像存入存储装置5,或通过无线通讯装置9发送至垃圾处理管理单元,垃圾处理管理单元可将其存入到存储单元,便于下载查看。
S5:当移动主体16周圈50m范围内没有垃圾时,移动主体16通过定位装置6定位当前位置坐标,并规划当前坐标到移动主体16离开既定行驶路线时的坐标的导航路线,并按该导航路线返回既定行驶路线,移动主体16继续沿其既定行驶路线行驶;
S6:重复步骤S2、S3、S4、S5,当移动主体16的电量低或垃圾存储箱8的垃圾重量达到临界值时,移动主体16通过定位装置6定位当前位置坐标,并规 划当前坐标到垃圾倾倒点的导航路线,并按该导航路线开始返航;
S7:将垃圾存储箱8的垃圾倒入运输车11的后车厢中;
移动主体16移动至垃圾倾倒点后,通过吊机10将垃圾存储箱8吊起来并移动至垃圾运输车11上方,通过夹紧翻转装置夹紧垃圾存储箱8的侧壁,然后翻转,从而将垃圾倒进垃圾运输车11的后车厢,倒完垃圾后,夹紧翻转装置将垃圾存储箱8翻正,并松开,吊机10将垃圾存储箱8重新安放到移动主体16上;
S8:若移动主体16需要充电,可提前将电量信息通过无线通讯装置9发送给垃圾处理管理单元,垃圾处理管理单元将空闲的充电桩的坐标信息发送给移动主体16,当移动主体16移动至坐标位置时,机器人的数据处理装置向其驱动装置7发出指令,使驱动装置7带动移动主体16在水面转圈,同时,机器人上的无线通讯装置9将机器人的位置信息发送给中心配料单元,中心配料单元在收到该信息后,打开红外线发射器23发射红外线,当旋转的移动主体16上的红外线接收器13接收到红外线时,移动主体16停止转动,同时通过驱动装置7驱动移动主体16朝着红外线光源处移动,使充电接头25能够插入到机器人的充电接口15,同时,支撑架24上的电磁铁14通电,与移动主体16上的衔铁22相互固定;
充电完成后,机器人继续按既定行驶路线行驶,清理海面垃圾。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (10)
- 一种海面垃圾清理机器人,所述机器人包括移动主体(16)和垃圾处理管理单元,其特征在于:所述移动主体(16)设置有机械臂(1),用于打捞垃圾;包括多个超声波装置(2),均匀分布在移动主体(16)的周圈外侧壁上,用于检测机器人周圈的海面上的垃圾并确定其方向和距离;包括摄像装置(3),用于拍摄海面上的垃圾;包括处理器装置(4),对信息进行整合、分析、处理;包括存储装置(5),记录机器人的既定行进路线、垃圾倾倒点的坐标;包括定位装置(6)和驱动装置(7),定位装置(6)用于对移动主体(16)进行定位,驱动装置(7)用于推动移动主体(16)按既定行进路线移动;包括垃圾存储箱(8),用于盛放机械臂(1)打捞的垃圾;包括重量检测装置,设置与垃圾存储箱(8)的下方,用于检测打捞的垃圾的重量;包括蓄电池组,用于给移动主体(16)提供电源;包括无线通讯装置(9),用于移动主体(16)与垃圾处理管理单元进行信息交换和无线通讯;所述垃圾处理管理单元包括无线通讯单元,用于与移动主体(16)之间进行信息交换和无线通讯;包括处理器单元,对信息进行整合、分析、处理;设置有垃圾倾倒点,用于将移动主体(16)打捞回来的垃圾进行集中,统一处理;包括多个充电桩,用于给移动主体(16)进行充电。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种海面垃圾清理机器人,其特征在于:所述机械臂(1)可设置多个,使其分别均匀分布安装在移动主体(16)的侧壁上,所述机械臂(1)底端固定在转动座上,在所述机械臂(1)的前端设有机械抓手,用于将海面上的垃圾抓起。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种海面垃圾清理机器人,其特征在于:所述摄像装置(3)的底座为一个可转动底座,所述可转动底座包括固定块和转动块,其底部固定块固定在移动主体(16)上,在所述固定块内部设置有用于驱动其转动块转动的驱动电机。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种海面垃圾清理机器人,其特征在于:所述定位装置(6)采用GPS卫星定位装置或北斗卫星定位装置,所述驱动装置(7)有若干个,且均匀分布固定在移动主体(16)的下端,所述驱动装置(7)采用电动螺旋桨推进,电动螺旋桨的外部设有罩壳,防止垃圾缠到桨叶上。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种海面垃圾清理机器人,其特征在于:所述垃圾存储箱(8)安放在移动主体(16)的中部,在垃圾存储箱(8)的侧壁上对称的设有两个吊耳(12)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种海面垃圾清理机器人,其特征在于:所述重量检测装置采用重量传感器,所述重量传感器设置在垃圾存储箱(8)的下方。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种海面垃圾清理机器人,其特征在于:所述无线通讯装置(9)和无线通讯单元均采用Wi-Fi模块或移动网络模块。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种海面垃圾清理机器人,其特征在于:所述垃圾倾倒点处设有吊机(10),用于将垃圾存储箱(8)从移动主体(16)上吊起来,所述垃圾倾倒点还设有夹紧翻转装置,用于将垃圾存储箱(8)夹紧后翻转,将垃圾倒入运输车(11)的后车厢中。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种海面垃圾清理机器人,其特征在于:所述充电桩通过支撑架(24)设置在水面上;所述充电桩处设有固定装置,所述固定装置包括电磁铁(14)和衔铁(22),所述电磁铁(14)固定在支撑架(24)上,所述衔铁(22)固定在移动主体(16)上;所述充电桩处还设有红外线定位装置(6),所述红外线定位装置(6)包括红外线发射器(23),固定在支撑架(24)上用于发射红外线,包括红外线接收器(13),固定在移动主体(16)上用于接收红外线信号。
- 一种使用如权利要求1-9所述的一种海面垃圾清理机器人的清理方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:S1:对海面进行勘测,制定机器人的既定行驶路线,使机器人沿着既定行驶路线移动;S2:通过机器人周圈的超声波装置(2)向四周发射超声波,根据超声波装置(2)接收到的反射波的时间和反射波的方向来确定海面上垃圾与移动主体(16)之间的距离和相对于移动主体(16)的方向;S3:根据S2所判断的方向,通过驱动装置(7)驱动移动主体(16)向该方向行驶,若移动主体(16)的多个方向均接受到反射波,则优先向距离最近的一处行驶;S4:当移动主体(16)移动至S2判断的位置时,打开摄像装置(3),对海面进行拍摄,并将所拍摄的图像传送至数据处理装置,利用数据处理装置的图像识别功能,识别漂浮的垃圾,通过机械臂(1)上的机械抓手将识别到的垃圾抓起,并将其丢入垃圾存储箱(8)中;S5:当移动主体(16)周圈50m范围内没有垃圾时,移动主体(16)通过 定位装置(6)定位当前位置坐标,并规划当前坐标到移动主体(16)离开既定行驶路线时的坐标的导航路线,并按该导航路线返回既定行驶路线,移动主体(16)继续沿其既定行驶路线行驶;S6:重复步骤S2、S3、S4、S5,当移动主体(16)的电量低或垃圾存储箱(8)的垃圾重量达到临界值时,移动主体(16)通过定位装置(6)定位当前位置坐标,并规划当前坐标到垃圾倾倒点的导航路线,并按该导航路线开始返航;S7:将垃圾存储箱(8)的垃圾倒入运输车(11)的后车厢中;S8:若移动主体(16)需要充电,则移动至充电桩处进行充电,充电完成后,继续按既定行驶路线行驶,清理海面垃圾。
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CN112947202A (zh) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-11 | 厦门理工学院 | 一种水面漂浮垃圾智能清理系统及控制方法 |
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