WO2020261376A1 - プラントの建設方法 - Google Patents
プラントの建設方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020261376A1 WO2020261376A1 PCT/JP2019/025131 JP2019025131W WO2020261376A1 WO 2020261376 A1 WO2020261376 A1 WO 2020261376A1 JP 2019025131 W JP2019025131 W JP 2019025131W WO 2020261376 A1 WO2020261376 A1 WO 2020261376A1
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- pipe
- frame structure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H5/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial or agricultural purposes
- E04H5/02—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial purposes, e.g. for power-plants or factories
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technique for constructing a plant.
- Plants that process fluid include natural gas plants that liquefy natural gas, separate and recover natural gas liquid, petroleum refining plants that distill and desulfurize crude oil and various intermediate products, petroleum chemical products and intermediate chemicals.
- chemical plants that produce products and polymers.
- these plants include, for example, static equipment such as tower tanks and heat exchangers, dynamic equipment such as pumps, and a large number of equipment such as piping provided between these static equipment and dynamic equipment. It has a structure in which groups are arranged. And between these equipment groups, a pipe rack for supporting the piping for transferring fluid between the equipment is provided.
- Such a plant is constructed by bringing construction materials to the construction site using a crane or the like, and sequentially assembling each device, a frame supporting the equipment, and components of a pipe rack. For this reason, the plot plan and construction schedule of each equipment and pipe rack in the plant are greatly restricted by the delivery route of construction materials and the arrangement position of the crane. Under such restrictions, it is required to reduce the number of plant construction personnel and improve the safety of the working environment.
- the present invention has been made against such a background, and provides a technique for safely constructing a plant while relaxing restrictions on the construction of the plant.
- the present invention is a method for constructing a plant that processes a fluid.
- the process of installing the equipment group related to the fluid processing and A step different from the installation area of the device group includes a step of forming a frame structure for supporting a pipe for exchanging fluid with and from the device included in the device group by a 3D printer. It is characterized by.
- the method of constructing the plant may have the following features.
- A In addition to the step of forming the frame structure, a step of transporting the piping material to be the pipe from the outside to the frame structure in the process of being formed to form a pipe supported by the frame structure.
- the frame structure is configured to support the pipes on each floor of a plurality of hierarchical structures stacked in the vertical direction. In the step of forming the frame structure, one layer included in the plurality of hierarchical structures is formed, and in the step of forming the pipe, a pipe supported by the one layer is formed. And repeat.
- C In the 3D printer, the piping and the frame structure are integrally formed.
- the frame structure is configured to support the pipes on each floor of a plurality of hierarchical structures stacked in the vertical direction.
- the integral formation of one layer included in the plurality of layered structures and the piping supported by the one layer is repeated.
- the step of forming the frame structure shall be carried out after the step of installing the equipment group.
- the construction method of this plant is to transfer fluid between the process of installing the equipment group related to fluid processing and the equipment included in the equipment group by a 3D printer in an area different from the installation area of the equipment group. Includes the step of forming a frame structure that supports the piping for doing so.
- a 3D printer By forming the frame structure with a 3D printer in this way, it is possible to install a group of devices related to fluid processing without being restricted by the process of forming the frame structure.
- the construction site can be made compact, and there is no need for personnel to enter the site to assemble the frame structure, which enhances safety.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire plant constructed by a 3D printer (additional manufacturing apparatus).
- the applicant is finally developing the technology with a view to forming most of the equipment, pipes, and frames constituting the plant by a 3D printer.
- the present application describes the formation of a pipe rack using a 3D printer.
- a technique for manufacturing large members such as conductor parts and wings of an airplane (for example, Japanese Patent No. 65135554) and building materials (for example, Japanese Patent No. 6378699) by a 3D printer has also been patented.
- the inventors of the present application have grasped that it is possible to provide a 3D printer capable of forming a large structure at the request of the consumer side through a development status survey of a 3D printer manufacturer or the like.
- the plant shown in FIG. 1 is, for example, a plant that manufactures liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is a fluid, and is equipped with a large number of devices 2 that perform liquefaction pretreatment and liquefaction of natural gas after pretreatment. Further, on the side of the installation area of each device 2, a pipe rack 3 which is a frame structure for supporting a pipe for transferring various fluids handled in the LNG plant between the devices 2 is provided. .. As will be described in detail later, for example, the pipe rack 3 is composed of a frame having a plurality of hierarchical structures stacked in the vertical direction, and a plurality of pipes are supported on each floor.
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- the above-mentioned pipe rack 3 is formed by the 3D printer 1.
- the 3D printer 1 includes a gate-shaped support portion 10 in which both ends of the beam portion 10B are supported by two support columns 10A.
- the support portion 10 is provided so as to straddle the installation areas of a large number of equipment 2 groups and pipe racks 3 constituting the LNG plant from above, for example.
- a support portion moving mechanism (not shown) for moving the support portion 10 is provided at the lower end of the support portion 10.
- the support portion moving mechanism is configured to be movable along a guide rail 12 provided on the ground so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the beam portion 10B is bridged.
- the beam portion 10B is provided with a moving body 42 configured to be movable along the beam portion 10B.
- the moving body 42 is provided with a shaft portion 41 extending downward, and the constituent material of the pipe rack 3 is discharged downward to the lower end of the shaft portion 41 to execute 3D printing.
- the support portion 10 moves along the guide rail 12 (for example, moves along the X-axis direction in FIG. 1), and the moving body 42 moves along the beam portion 10B in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the guide rail 12. It is configured to be movable in the XYZ axis direction by moving (for example, moving in the Y-axis direction in the figure) and raising and lowering the printer main body 4 along the shaft portion (moving in the Z-axis direction).
- the 3D printer 1 forming the pipe rack 3 may be provided with an arm moving body 43 that moves along the beam portion 10B.
- the arm moving body 43 is provided with a shaft portion 44 extending downward, and at the lower end of the shaft portion 44, a piping material constituting a pipe to be arranged in the pipe rack 3 (hereinafter, a piping material and a piping material for the pipe rack 3).
- An arm 45 is provided that receives (referred to as "pipe 5") from the outside and conveys the pipe formed by installing the pipe to the arrangement location.
- the arm 45 is also configured to be movable in the XYZ axis direction like the printer main body 4.
- the printer main body 4 can be exemplified as a 3D printer using a directed energy deposition method in which constituent materials such as metal powder and resin discharged from a nozzle are laminated and stacked from the lower layer side.
- a 3D printer using a method different from the directed energy deposition method may be used.
- 2 to 6 show a process of constructing a pipe rack 3 using the above-mentioned 3D printer 1.
- a foundation 100 is formed according to the arrangement of structures such as each equipment 2 and a pipe rack 3, and equipment related to processing of various fluids handled in the LNG plant is formed on the foundation 100.
- Two groups will be installed.
- a pipe rack 3 for supporting the pipe 5 for transferring fluid to and from the devices included in the device 2 group is formed by the 3D printer 1. (See FIG. 2 and FIG. 9 described later).
- the pipe rack 3 is configured by a frame having a plurality of hierarchical structures stacked in the vertical direction, and is configured so that a plurality of pipes 5 are supported in each layer 31.
- the pipe rack 3 of this example is made of a structural material such as a metal material, a ceramic material, or a resin material.
- the printer main body 4 discharges these materials and forms a pipe rack 3 having a strength capable of supporting the pipe 5.
- the frame constituting the pipe rack 3 may have a skeleton structure such as a truss structure or a rigid frame structure, or may have a honeycomb structure or a lattice structure.
- the 3D printer 1 moves to the installation area of the pipe rack 3, and as shown in FIG. 2, is formed by laminating the constituent members of the pipe rack 3 in order from the lower portion of the support column 32 above the foundation 100. To go. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the columns 32 are formed up to the installation height of the first layer 31, and then the layers 31 supported by the columns 32 are formed. After that, as shown in FIG. 4, the formation of the pipe rack 3 is temporarily interrupted, and the printer main body 4 is retracted from the installation area of the pipe rack 3. Further, the pipe 5 is conveyed from the outside to the pipe rack 3 being formed by the arm 45 to form the pipe 5 supported by the layer 31.
- each A pipe rack 3 having a multi-story structure in which the pipe 5 is supported at the layer 31 can be formed. If necessary, for example, the 3D printer 1 is retracted from the installation area of the pipe rack 3, and the air-cooled heat exchanger (ACHE) 33 is installed at the top of the pipe rack 3 (FIG. 6). Complete.
- ACHE air-cooled heat exchanger
- both the pipe 5 supported by the frame and the frame having a multi-story structure may be integrally formed by the 3D printer 1.
- the printer main body 4 when forming up to the layer 31 that supports the pipe 5, the printer main body 4 is not retracted from the installation area of the pipe rack 3, and the said.
- a pipe 5 arranged on the layer 31 at the same time as the support column 32 above the layer 31 is integrally formed.
- the pipe rack 3 may be formed by repeating the integral formation of one layer 31 included in the plurality of layered structures and the pipe 5 supported by the one layer 31.
- Such a pipe 5 may be made of the same material as the pipe rack 3.
- FIG. 7 shows a printer main body 4 that forms a frame of the pipe rack 3 using one nozzle, but the pipe rack 3 and the pipe 5 use a plurality of nozzles that supply different materials properly. And may be formed.
- a metal material, a ceramic material, a resin material, or the like having strength and corrosion resistance according to the temperature, pressure, chemical properties, etc. of the fluid flowing in the pipe 5 is selected.
- the inner surface of the pipe 5 may be lined with a lining material, or the outer surface of the pipe 5 may be covered with a heat insulating material.
- the pipes 5 may be carried in and arranged in each layer 31 by the arm 45.
- the pipe 5 arranged by the arm 45 may also be manufactured by using the 3D printer 1 at another place, for example.
- the pipe rack 3 and the pipe 5 integrally formed with the pipe rack 3 can be formed.
- the equipment 2 groups constituting the LNG plant are first arranged, and then the pipe rack 3 is finally arranged. It is also possible to perform formation. As shown in FIG. 8, in a normal LNG plant, a layout in which other equipment 2 groups are arranged around the installation area of the pipe rack 3 is often adopted. On the other hand, since it is necessary to determine the size and arrangement of the pipe 5 in the pipe rack 3 according to the design of each device 2, if the configuration, size, and arrangement position of the other device 2 are changed in the design. , The design of the pipe rack 3 is often changed. Therefore, the design of the pipe rack 3 comes after the design of each device 2.
- a crane was used to construct a pipe rack 3 by sequentially combining constituent members such as H steel. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, if the equipment 2 groups are installed in the outer region before the pipe rack 3 arranged near the center of the LNG plant, the material can be transported and the cranes can be arranged. It will be difficult.
- the design of the pipe rack 3 is most susceptible to the design changes of other equipment 2, but if the pipe rack 3 is built first, it becomes difficult to change the design of the surrounding equipment 2. As a result, the degree of freedom in design changes of the LNG plant may decrease.
- the surrounding equipment 2 is to be installed prior to the formation of the pipe rack 3 arranged in the center of the plant, the members of the configuration 2 of the pipe rack 3 may be transported through the other equipment 2 already arranged. You must use a large crane that is possible. As a result, it becomes necessary to secure an approach area for a large crane in the installation area of the equipment 2 group arranged around the pipe rack 3, and there is a problem that the installation area of the plant becomes large.
- the printer main body 4 of the 3D printer 1 can be moved above the region where the pipe rack 3 is formed, and the material of the frame can be discharged from above the region to form the pipe rack 3. .. Therefore, even after constructing two groups of equipment near the outside of the plant, it is possible to form the pipe rack 3 without having to secure an entry area for the crane and an area for carrying the frame constituting the pipe rack 3. it can. Therefore, the construction schedule can be set without being restricted by the formation of the pipe rack 3, and the size of the plant can be suppressed. Further, since it is not necessary for personnel to work on site from the formation of the pipe rack 3 to the installation of the pipe 5, it is possible to prevent accidents of personnel.
- the pipe rack 3 has a configuration in which a plurality of layers 31 are supported by columns 32 extending in the vertical direction, and pipes 5 are arranged in each layer 31. Therefore, even in the LNG plant, the structure is suitable for formation by the 3D printer 1 in which the constituent materials are sequentially stacked from the lower layer side.
- Plant 1 is a natural gas plant that liquefies natural gas, separates and recovers natural gas liquid, a petroleum refining plant that distills and desulfurizes crude oil and various intermediate products, petrochemical products, intermediate chemical products, polymers, etc. It may be various plants such as a chemical plant that produces the above. Further, when installing the device 2, for example, a module in which the device 2 is housed may be constructed at another place, the module may be transported to the installation site, and the modules may be connected to each other to construct a plant.
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Abstract
Description
これらのプラントは、特許文献1に記載されているように例えば塔槽や熱交換器などの静機器、ポンプなどの動機器、これら静機器や動機器の間に設けられる配管などの多数の機器群を配置した構造となっている。そしてこれら機器群の間には、機器の間で流体の授受を行うための配管を支持するためのパイプラックが設けられている。
前記流体の処理に係る機器群を設置する工程と、
前記機器群の設置領域とは異なる領域に、3Dプリンタにより、前記機器群に含まれる機器との間で流体の授受を行うための配管を支持する架構構造物を形成する工程と、を含むことを特徴とする。
(a)前記架構構造物を形成する工程に加えて、形成途中の前記架構構造物に対し、前記配管となる配管材料を外部から搬送し、当該架構構造物に支持される配管を形成する工程を含むこと。
(b)前記架構構造物は、上下方向に積層された複数の階層構造の各階にて前記配管を支持するように構成され、
前記架構構造物を形成する工程にて、前記複数の階層構造に含まれる1つの階層を形成することと、前記配管を形成する工程にて、前記1つの階層に支持される配管を形成することと、を繰り返すこと。
(c) 前記3Dプリンタは、前記配管と前記架構構造物とを一体形成すること。
(d) 前記架構構造物は、上下方向に積層された複数の階層構造の各階にて前記配管を支持するように構成され、
前記架構構造物を形成する工程にて、前記複数の階層構造に含まれる1つの階層と、当該1つの階層に支持される配管との一体形成を繰り返すこと。
(e) 前記架構構造物を形成する工程は、前記機器群を設置する工程の後に実施すること。
なお現在は、飛行機の導体部分や翼(例えば日本国特許第6513554号)、建築資材(例えば日本国特許第6378699号)など、大型の部材を3Dプリンタによって製造する技術も特許化されている。また、本願発明者らは、需要者側の要請があれば大型の構造物を形成可能な3Dプリンタを提供可能であることを3Dプリンタメーカーの開発状況調査等により把握している。
そして図3に示すように1段目の階層31の設置高さまで支柱32を形成した後、支柱32に支持される階層31を形成する。その後、図4に示すように一旦パイプラック3の形成を中断し、プリンタ本体部4をパイプラック3の設置領域から退避させる。さらに形成途中のパイプラック3に対し、アーム45により外部から配管5を搬送して、当該階層31に支持される配管5を構成する。このように前記複数の階層構造に含まれる1つの階層31を形成することと、前記1つの階層31に支持される配管5を形成することと、を繰り返すことにより、図5に示すように各階層31にて配管5が支持された複数階構造のパイプラック3を形成することができる。さらに必要な場合には、例えば3Dプリンタ1をパイプラック3の設置領域から退避させて、パイプラック3の頂部に空冷式熱交換器(ACHE)33を設置し(図6)、パイプラック3が完成する。
配管5の構成材料は、配管5内を流れる流体の温度、圧力、化学性状などに応じた強度、耐食性を有する金属材料やセラミクス材料、樹脂材料などが選択される。また、配管5の内面がライニング材料によってライニングされていたり、配管5の外面が保温材料によって覆われていたりしてもよい。
また配管5をパイプラック3のすべての階層31を形成した後、アーム45により各階層31内に配管5を搬入、配置してもよい。アーム45によって配置される配管5についても、例えば別の場所で3Dプリンタ1を用いて製造を行ったものであってよい。
図8に示すように、通常のLNGプラントにおいては、パイプラック3の設置領域の周囲に他の機器2群を配置するレイアウトを採用する場合が多い。
一方で、パイプラック3は、各機器2の設計に合わせて配管5のサイズや配置を決める必要があることから、他の機器2において構成やサイズ、配置位置の設計変更があった場合には、パイプラック3の設計も変更されることが多い。このため、パイプラック3の設計は各機器2の設計の後になる。
このように機器2群の配置に続いて、後からパイプラック3を形成する場合であっても、大型のクレーンを使用する場合に必要な進入領域の確保が必要ない。
また機器2を設置するにあたっては、例えば他所で機器2を収納したモジュールを建造し、当該モジュールを設置現場に搬送し、モジュール同士を接続することによりプラントを建設するようにしてもよい。
2 機器
3 パイプラック
4 プリンタ本体部
5 配管
31 階層
45 アーム
Claims (6)
- 流体の処理を行うプラントの建設方法であって、
前記流体の処理に係る機器群を設置する工程と、
前記機器群の設置領域とは異なる領域に、3Dプリンタにより、前記機器群に含まれる機器との間で流体の授受を行うための配管を支持する架構構造物を形成する工程と、を含むことを特徴とするプラントの建設方法。 - 前記架構構造物を形成する工程に加えて、形成途中の前記架構構造物に対し、前記配管となる配管材料を外部から搬送し、当該架構構造物に支持される配管を形成する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプラントの建設方法。
- 前記架構構造物は、上下方向に積層された複数の階層構造の各階にて前記配管を支持するように構成され、
前記架構構造物を形成する工程にて、前記複数の階層構造に含まれる1つの階層を形成することと、前記配管を形成する工程にて、前記1つの階層に支持される配管を形成することと、を繰り返すことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のプラントの建設方法。 - 前記3Dプリンタは、前記配管と前記架構構造物とを一体形成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプラントの建設方法。
- 前記架構構造物は、上下方向に積層された複数の階層構造の各階にて前記配管を支持するように構成され、
前記架構構造物を形成する工程にて、前記複数の階層構造に含まれる1つの階層と、当該1つの階層に支持される配管との一体形成を繰り返すことを特徴とする請求項4に記載のプラントの建設方法。 - 前記架構構造物を形成する工程は、前記機器群を設置する工程の後に実施することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプラントの建設方法。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| PCT/JP2019/025131 WO2020261376A1 (ja) | 2019-06-25 | 2019-06-25 | プラントの建設方法 |
| US17/430,730 US12320145B2 (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2019-06-25 | Plant construction method |
| JP2021528696A JP7238128B2 (ja) | 2019-06-25 | 2019-06-25 | プラントの建設方法 |
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| CN106639324A (zh) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-10 | 蒋旭峰 | 建筑物轮廓成型的供料系统 |
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| US11590711B2 (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2023-02-28 | Icon Technology, Inc. | System and method for constructing structures by adding layers of extrudable building material using a control feedback loop |
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2019
- 2019-06-25 JP JP2021528696A patent/JP7238128B2/ja active Active
- 2019-06-25 US US17/430,730 patent/US12320145B2/en active Active
- 2019-06-25 WO PCT/JP2019/025131 patent/WO2020261376A1/ja not_active Ceased
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| JP2015143560A (ja) * | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 排水パイプ、連通パイプおよび連通パイプの配設方法 |
| JP2018144070A (ja) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 多重配管 |
| JP2018154093A (ja) * | 2017-03-21 | 2018-10-04 | 株式会社リコー | 立体造形用樹脂粉末および立体造形物の製造方法 |
| WO2018198572A1 (ja) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-11-01 | 千代田化工建設株式会社 | 天然ガス液化プラント |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20220106802A1 (en) | 2022-04-07 |
| US12320145B2 (en) | 2025-06-03 |
| JPWO2020261376A1 (ja) | 2020-12-30 |
| JP7238128B2 (ja) | 2023-03-13 |
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