WO2020259475A1

WO2020259475A1 - Data transmission method, apparatus and device

Info

Publication number: WO2020259475A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/097625
Authority: WO
Inventors: 袁立平; 方海鹏; 蔡鑫
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2019-06-28
Filing date: 2020-06-23
Publication date: 2020-12-30
Also published as: CN112153669A; EP3986012A1; CN112153669B; US20220116798A1; EP3986012A4

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present application are a data transmission method, apparatus, and device. The method comprises: a first apparatus acquiring a first link quality packet message, wherein the first link quality packet message comprises link quality information and indication information, with the indication information being used for indicating that the link quality information is buffered; and the first apparatus sending the first link quality packet message to a second apparatus, the first link quality packet message being used for the second apparatus to carry out network optimization according to same. The accuracy of network optimization is improved.

Description

Data transmission method, device and equipment

This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office, the application number is 201910578156.0, and the application name is "Data Transmission Method, Apparatus, and Equipment" on June 28, 2019, the entire content of which is incorporated into this application by reference.

Technical field

In the wireless communication process, the network device can obtain the link quality information of the terminal device, and perform network optimization according to the link quality information of the terminal device.

In the actual application process, during the transmission of link quality information, some network devices may buffer the link quality information. For example, in the process of terminal device switching, the link quality information sent to the terminal device may be Buffering occurs in the original base station. However, after the link quality information is cached during transmission, the network device cannot accurately perform network optimization based on the obtained link quality information.

Summary of the invention

This application provides a data transmission method, device, and equipment, which improve the accuracy of network optimization.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method. A first device obtains a first link quality message and sends the first link quality message to a second device, where the first link quality The message includes link quality information and indication information. The indication information is used to indicate that the link quality information is buffered, and the first link quality message is used by the second device to perform network optimization according to it.

In the above process, in the process of reporting link quality information to the second device, if the link quality information is cached, the link quality information is reported to the second device and the corresponding indication of the link quality information is also reported. Information, the indication information may indicate that the link quality information is cached. After the second device receives the link quality information and the corresponding indication information, the link quality information can be obtained according to the indication information. The link quality information has been cached, and then more accurate network optimization can be performed according to the link quality information, which improves the network optimization performance. accuracy.

In a possible implementation manner, the first link quality message message further includes status information, and the status information is used to indicate the status of the device that buffers the link quality message when the link quality information is cached, and the status It is one of the following states: handover state, paging state or service request state.

In the above process, if the first link quality message includes indication information and status information, the second device can determine the cause of link quality information caching based on the indication information and status information, so that the second device can accurately For network optimization.

In a possible implementation manner, the first device is a user plane function UPF network element, a radio access network RAN node, or a session management function SMF network element; then the first device can obtain the first link in the following feasible implementation manners Quality message: The first device receives the first link quality message from the terminal device.

In the foregoing process, the terminal device generates the first link quality message, and accordingly, the UPF network element, the RAN node, or the SMF network element can receive the first link quality message from the terminal device.

In a possible implementation manner, the first device is a terminal device; then the first device may obtain the first link quality message message in the following feasible implementation manners: the first device receives the second link quality message message, The second link quality message includes link quality information and indication information; the first device generates the first link quality message according to the second link quality message.

In the above process, the terminal device generates the first link quality message message according to the received second link quality message message. When the second link quality message message includes indication information, the terminal device generates the first link quality message message. A link quality message also includes indication information, so that as long as the link quality information is cached, the first link quality message message reported to the second device can carry the indication information.

In a possible implementation manner, the second link quality message is generated by the third device based on link quality information and indication information after buffering the link quality information, and the third device is a UPF network element or a RAN node .

In the above process, after the third device buffers the link quality information, the third device generates a second link quality message including the indication information, so that the first link quality report reported to the second device The text message carries indication information, so that the second device can perform accurate network optimization according to the link quality information and the indication information.

In a possible implementation manner, the second link quality message further includes status information, and the first link quality information further includes status information.

In the above process, when the second link quality message includes status information, the first link quality message also includes status information, so that as long as the link quality information is cached, the link quality information can be The first link quality message reported by the second device carries status information.

In a possible implementation manner, the second link quality message is generated by the third device based on link quality information, indication information, and status information after buffering the link quality information, and the third device is a UPF network element Or RAN node.

In the above process, after the third device buffers the link quality information, the third device generates a second link quality message including the indication information and status information, so that the first link reported to the second device The link quality message carries indication information and status information, so that the second device can perform accurate network optimization according to link quality information, indication information, and status information.

In a possible implementation manner, the first device is a terminal device; the first device may obtain the first link quality message in the following feasible implementation manners: the first device obtains link quality information; if the first device buffers If the link quality information is obtained, the first device generates a first link quality message according to the link quality information and the indication information.

In the above process, after the terminal device buffers the link quality information, the terminal device generates the first link quality message including the indication information, so that the first link quality message message reported to the second device The instruction information is carried in the instruction information, so that the second device can perform accurate network optimization according to the link quality information and the instruction information.

In a possible implementation manner, generating the first link quality message message according to the link quality information and the indication information includes: the first device obtains the status information according to the state of the first device; the first device obtains the status information according to the link quality Information, indication information, and status information to generate a first link quality message, and the first link quality message also includes status information.

In the above process, after the terminal device buffers the link quality information, the terminal device generates the first link quality message including the indication information and the status information, so that the first link reported to the second device The quality message carries indication information and status information, so that the second device can perform accurate network optimization according to link quality information, indication information, and status information.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, a second device receives a first link quality message sent by a first device, and the first link quality message includes link quality information and indication information, The indication information is used to indicate that the link quality information has been buffered; the second device performs network optimization according to the first link quality message.

In the above process, in the process of reporting link quality information to the second device, if the link quality information is cached, the link quality information is reported to the second device and the corresponding indication of the link quality information is also reported. Information, the indication information may indicate that the link quality information is cached. After receiving the link quality information and the corresponding indication information, the second device can obtain the link quality information according to the indication information and cache it, so that more accurate network optimization can be performed according to the link quality information.

In a possible implementation manner, the first link quality message message further includes status information, and the status information is used to indicate the status of the device that buffers the link quality message when the link quality information is cached, and the status The information is one of the following states: handover state, paging state, or service request state.

In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission device, which is configured to execute the data transmission method described in any one of the first aspect.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission device, which is configured to execute the data transmission method described in any one of the second aspect.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission device, including a memory, a processor, and a transmitter. The processor executes program instructions in the memory, wherein:

The processor is configured to obtain a first link quality message, where the first link quality message includes link quality information and indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate that the link quality information has occurred Cache

The transmitter is configured to send the first link quality message to a second device, where the first link quality message is used by the second device to perform network optimization according to it.

In a possible implementation manner, the first link quality message further includes status information, and the status information is used to indicate that the link quality information is cached when the link quality information is cached. The state of the device in which the state is one of the following states: handover state, paging state, or service request state.

In a possible implementation manner, the data transmission device is a user plane function UPF network element, a radio access network RAN node, or a session management function SMF network element; the data transmission device further includes a receiver, wherein:

The receiver is configured to receive the first link quality message from a terminal device.

In a possible implementation manner, the data transmission device is a terminal device; wherein,

The receiver is further configured to receive a second link quality message, where the second link quality message includes the link quality information and the indication information;

The processor is further configured to generate the first link quality message according to the second link quality message.

In a possible implementation manner, the second link quality message is generated according to the link quality information and the indication information after the third device buffers the link quality information, the The third device is a UPF network element or RAN node.

In a possible implementation manner, the second link quality message further includes status information, and the first link quality information further includes the status information.

In a possible implementation manner, after the second link quality message is buffered by the third device on the link quality information, it is based on the link quality information, the indication information, and the status information. Generated, the third device is a UPF network element or a RAN node.

In a possible implementation manner, the data transmission device is a terminal device; the processor is specifically configured to:

Acquiring the link quality information by the data transmission device;

If the data transmission apparatus buffers the link quality information, the data transmission apparatus generates the first link quality message according to the link quality information and the indication information.

The data transmission device obtains state information according to the state of the data transmission device;

The data transmission apparatus generates the first link quality message according to the link quality information, the indication information, and the state information, and the first link quality message further includes the state information.

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission device, including a memory, a processor, and a receiver. The processor executes program instructions in the memory, where:

The receiver is configured to receive a first link quality message sent by a first device, where the first link quality message includes link quality information and indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate the link The road quality information is cached;

The processor is configured to perform network optimization according to the first link quality message.

In a possible implementation manner, the first link quality message further includes status information, and the status information is used to indicate that the link quality information is cached when the link quality information is cached. The state of the device, the state information is one of the following states: handover state, paging state, or service request state.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, including a first device and a second device, where:

The first device is configured to execute the data transmission method according to any one of the first aspect, and the second device is configured to execute the data transmission method according to any one of the second aspect.

In a possible implementation manner, the system further includes a third device configured to buffer link quality information, and generate a link quality message after buffering the link quality information, and Sending the link quality message to the first device;

Wherein, the link quality message includes the link quality information and the indication information, or the link quality message includes the link quality information, the indication information and the status information.

In a possible implementation manner, the first device is a user plane function UPF network element, a radio access network RAN node, a session management function SMF network element, or a terminal device;

The second device is a network data analysis NWDA network element;

The third device is a UPF network element or a RAN node.

In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium is used to store a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a computer or a processor, it is used to implement any one of the aspects described in the first aspect. , Or the data transmission method described in any one of the second aspect.

In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product includes instructions, which when executed, cause a computer to execute the data transmission method of any one of the first aspects , Or the data transmission method of any one of the second aspect.

In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a system-on-chip or a system-on-chip, the system-on-chip or a system-on-chip can be applied to a device (such as an electronic device), and the system-on-chip or a system-on-chip includes: at least one communication interface , At least one processor, at least one memory, the communication interface, the memory, and the processor are interconnected by a bus, and the processor executes the instructions stored in the memory so that the device (such as an electronic device) can execute Apply for any data transmission method described in the first aspect, or any data transmission method described in the second aspect.

In the data transmission method, device, and device provided by the embodiments of the present application, in the process of reporting link quality information to the second device, if the link quality information is cached, the link quality information is reported to the second device at the same time, The indication information corresponding to the link quality information is also reported, and the indication information may indicate that the link quality information is cached. After receiving the link quality information and the corresponding indication information, the second device can obtain whether the link quality information has been cached according to the indication information, and then can perform more accurate network optimization according to the link quality information.

Description of the drawings

FIG. 1A is an architecture diagram of a communication system provided by this application;

Figure 1B is an architecture diagram of another communication system provided by this application;

2 is a schematic diagram of a model for obtaining link quality information provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 3 is a protocol stack model of the LQAP message provided by an embodiment of the application;

Figure 4 is a protocol stack model of a service message provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for configuring information carried in link quality information according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application;

7A is a schematic diagram of a link quality message provided by an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of a link quality message provided by an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 7C is a schematic diagram of a link quality message provided by an embodiment of this application;

7D is a schematic diagram of a link quality message provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 8A is a schematic flowchart of a handover optimization method provided by an embodiment of this application;

8B is a schematic flowchart of another handover optimization method provided by an embodiment of the application;

8C is a schematic flowchart of a paging optimization method provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of yet another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of yet another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of yet another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of yet another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission device provided by an embodiment of this application;

15 is a schematic structural diagram of another data transmission device provided by an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of another data transmission device provided by an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the application;

18 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of another data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the application;

19 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of another data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the application;

20 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication system provided by an embodiment of this application.

Detailed ways

The technical solution shown in this application can be applied to the 5th Generation mobile communication technology (5G) system, and can also be applied to a long term evolution (LTE) system, for example, in an LTE communication system The vehicle to all (V2X) system, device to device (D2D) system, machine type communication (MTC) system, etc. can also be applied to the universal mobile telecommunications system. system, UMTS) terrestrial radio access network (UMTS) terrestrial radio access network, UTRAN system, or global system for mobile communication (GSM)/enhanced data rate GSM evolution (enhanced data rate for GSM evolution, EDGE) ) The system's radio access network (GSM EDGE radio access network, GERAN) architecture. The technical solution shown in this application can also be applied to other communication systems, such as the evolved communication system of the 5G system, which is not limited in this application.

FIG. 1A is an architecture diagram of a communication system provided by this application. 1A, the communication system may include user equipment (UE) 101, access network (AN) node 102, user plane function (UPF) network element 103, access and mobility Management function (access and mobility management function, AMF) network element 104, session management function (session management function, SMF) network element 105, network data analysis (NWDA) network element 106.

The UE 101 may be a mobile phone (or referred to as a "cellular" phone) or a computer with a mobile terminal, for example, it may be a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, built-in computer or a mobile device in a vehicle. In addition, the UE may also be called a mobile station (mobile station, MS), terminal (terminal), terminal equipment (terminal equipment), and this application is not limited here.

The AN node 102 may be a device that provides wireless access to the UE, including but not limited to evolved Node B (evolved node B, eNB for short), wireless fidelity access point (wireless-fidelity access point, WiFi AP for short), Global Interoperability for Microwave Access Base Station (WiMAX BS for short), base stations in 5G networks (for example, gNodeB, gNB), etc. The AN node may also be a radio access network (RAN) node.

The UPF network element 103 can process the message. For example, the UPF network element 103 can perform functions such as user data forwarding, routing, data statistics, rate limiting, and statistical reporting.

The AMF instance 104 can perform mobility management in the mobile network, such as user location update, user registration network, user switching, and so on. The AMF instance can also be a message between the SMF network element 105 and the UE 101.

The SMF network element 105 can perform session management functions. For example, the SMF network element 105 can establish a session, modify a session, and release a session. The SMF network element 105 can also manage quality of service (QoS) flow and management UPF user plane resources, etc.

The NWDA network element 106 can indicate the network data analysis function and provide analysis services for other functions in the network. For example, the NWDA network element 106 can be a static link aggregation (SLA) of a UE, such as bandwidth, jitter, and delay. Wait. The NWDA network element 106 may also perform network optimization based on the collected link quality information.

FIG. 1B is an architecture diagram of another communication system provided by this application. Based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A, referring to FIG. 1B, the communication system may also include a data network (DN) 107, a policy control function (PCF) network element 108, and an application layer function ( application function (AF) network element 109, network slice selection function (NSSF) network element 110, authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF) network element 110, and unified data management (UDM) network Yuan 112.

The DN 107 is used to provide data services to the UE. The PCF network element 108 may formulate a strategy for the terminal device, such as a quality of service (QoS for short) strategy, a slice selection strategy, and so on. The AF network element 109 can send requests to influence the SMF routing strategy and be responsible for selecting and relocating applications in the local DN. The NSSF network element 110 is used to select network slices. The AUSF network element 111 provides an authentication service function for authenticating terminal devices. The UDM network element 112 may store information such as user subscription data.

Those skilled in the art can understand that the characters on the lines between the network elements in the above-mentioned embodiment of FIG. 1A-1B identify the communication interface between the network elements. The above network elements can be either network elements implemented on dedicated hardware, software instances running on dedicated hardware, or instances of virtualized functions on an appropriate platform. For example, the above-mentioned virtualization platform can be a cloud platform .

Please refer to Figure 1A-Figure 1B. NWDA network element 106 can obtain link quality information between UE 101 and UPF network element 103 from UPF network element 103, AMF network element 104, and SMF network element 105, and based on the obtained link Road quality information for network optimization. For example, link quality information may include data delay information, bandwidth, jitter, and so on.

Optionally, the link quality information between the UE and the UPF network element can be obtained through the link quality awareness protocol (LQAP) protocol between the UE, the RAN node (optional) and the UPF network element . In the following, the process of obtaining link quality information through the LQAP protocol will be described with reference to Figures 2 to 4.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a model for obtaining link quality information provided by an embodiment of the application. Please refer to Figure 2. The LQAP protocol establishes a dedicated logical link for service detection. Through this logical link and the LQAP protocol processing module, real-time business SLA measurement and end-to-end monitoring of the logical link and the use of the corresponding service can be achieved. (end to end, E2E) resources, therefore, the LQAP detection message transmitted on the logical link can reflect the transmission quality of the service.

Fig. 3 is a protocol stack model of an LQAP message provided by an embodiment of the application. Figure 4 is a protocol stack model of a service message provided by an embodiment of the application. Refer to Figure 3-Figure 4, the protocol stack of the service message is not affected in any way. The sending and receiving of LQAP messages only occurs on devices that support the LQAP protocol, such as UEs, RAN nodes, and UPF network elements. Both the LQAP message and the service message use the 3GPP network protocol header, which can ensure that the LQAP message and the service message use the same end-to-end pipeline resources. Therefore, the quality of the E2E pipe where LQAP is located can be presented through the transmission quality of the LQPA message.

The 3GPP network protocol header format is shown in the protocol stack in Figure 3-Figure 4. Among them, the 3GPP network protocol header from the UE to the RAN node includes three parts: the header of the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) and the header of the packet data convergence protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP). And the header of the lower layer protocol. The 3GPP network protocol header between the base station and UPF includes the user plane GPRS tunneling protocol-user (GTP-U) header, user datagram protocol (UDP)/internet protocol (IP) ) Header and lower protocol layer headers. Please refer to Figure 3-Figure 4. The protocol stack model of LQAP messages and the protocol stack model of service messages also include radio link control (RLC) protocol and media access control (MAC) protocol .

It should be noted that the services involved in this application can be ultra-reliable and row-latency communications (URLLC) services. URLLC services are one of the three application scenarios that 5G networks should have, for example, including It provides application scenarios for vertical industries such as Internet of Vehicles, Industrial Internet, Intelligent Manufacturing, Telemedicine, and Emergency Communications. The salient feature of this type of service is the transmission that requires high reliability and extremely low delay and jitter.

Currently, the link quality between the UE and the UPF network element can also be measured in other ways. For example, the link quality between the UE and the UPF network element can be measured by the bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) technology. For example, one node can send a fixed number of monitoring packets (for example, hello detection packets) to another node within a certain period of time, and the receiving end judges whether the network exists according to whether there are consecutive lost data packets during this period of time. malfunction. In BFD, a device-level session is established to detect bidirectional forwarding paths between devices to serve upper-layer applications. During the conversation, both ends negotiate to send and receive packets, delay and jitter information.

For ease of understanding, the following describes the process of reporting link quality information to the NWDA network element.

A feasible implementation manner: the UPF network element sends downlink link quality information to the UE, and the UE sends uplink link quality information according to the downlink link quality information (hereinafter referred to as link quality information reporting mode 1).

During the transmission of link quality information, the link quality information may pass through multiple devices. For example, in the downlink process, the link quality information may sequentially pass through the SMF network element, the UPF network element, and the RAN node to reach the UE. In the uplink process, the link quality information may pass through the UE, RAN node, UPF network element, or SMF network element in sequence. Each time the link quality information reaches a device, the device may add content to the link quality information, or it may not add content to the link quality information. Wherein, each time the link quality information passes through a device, the device can update the header of the message where the link quality information is located, for example, change the destination address of the message where the link quality information is located.

For example, suppose that the link quality information sent by the UPF network element to the UE passes through the RAN node, and the link quality information sent by the UPF network element to the RAN node includes information 1, and the RAN node can add information 2 to information 1 to obtain information 1+ Information 2: The RAN node sends information 1+information 2 to the UE. Of course, the RAN node may not add content to the information 1, and the RAN node sends the information 1 to the UE.

In this feasible implementation manner, the link quality can be determined according to the downlink link quality information and the uplink link quality information. For example, the link delay may be determined according to the time when the UPF network element sends the downlink link quality information to the UE and the time when the UPF network element receives the uplink link quality information sent by the UE.

In this feasible implementation manner, the buffering of link quality information usually occurs in the downlink process. For example, in the downlink process, both the UPF network element and the RAN node may buffer the link quality information. After a device caches the link quality information, the indication information corresponding to the link quality information can be added (the process of adding indication information is described in detail in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5), and the indication information is used to indicate the link The quality information is cached. After adding the indication information corresponding to the link quality information, in the process of transmitting the link quality information carrying the indication information, no matter whether other devices buffer the link quality information or not, other devices continue to send the indication information. When link quality information is displayed, the indication information will be carried.

For example, suppose the link quality information sent by the UPF network element to the UE passes through the RAN node, and suppose the UPF network element caches the link quality information, then the UPF network element sends the link quality information + indication information to the RAN node. After the RAN node receives the link quality information + indication information, regardless of whether the RAN node buffers the link quality information + indication information, the RAN node sends the link quality information + indication information to the UE.

Optionally, when the link quality information is not cached, indication information indicating that the link quality information is not cached may also be added, and the indication information is used to indicate that the link quality information has not been cached. That is, the indication information is added regardless of whether the link quality information has been cached, but the indication information added when the link quality information has been cached is different from the indication information added when the link quality information has not been cached. For example, different characters can be used to indicate different indication information. For example, when the indication information is 0, it means that the link quality information has not been buffered, and when the indication information is 1, it means that the link quality information has been buffered. It should be noted that, for ease of description, the following description will be given by taking an example of adding indication information when link quality information is cached, and not adding indication information when link quality information is not cached.

Optionally, if a device caches link quality information, it can also add state information corresponding to the link quality information. The state information is used to indicate the state the device is in when the link quality information is cached (in the figure). In the embodiment shown in 5, the process of adding status information is described in detail), the status can be handover status, paging status, service request status, etc. After adding the status information corresponding to the link quality information, in the process of transmitting the link quality information carrying the status information, if other devices buffer the link quality information, the other devices can use the link quality information. New status information is added to the quality information. The new status information is used to indicate the status that the device is in when the link quality information is cached, or other devices can also modify the status information carried in the link quality information to new Status information.

For example, suppose the link quality information sent by the UPF network element to the UE passes through the RAN node, and suppose that the UPF network element buffers the link quality information due to network handover, then the link quality information sent by the UPF network element to the SMF network element Information + instruction information + switching status. Assuming that after the RAN node receives link quality information + indication information + handover status, because the service request caches the received link quality information + indication information + handover status, the RAN node can add new status information, then the RAN node can Send link quality information + indication information + handover status + service request status to the UE. Alternatively, the RAN node can also modify the status information. For example, the RAN node can send link quality information+indication information+service request status to the UE.

Optionally, when the link quality information is not cached, status information can also be added, and the status information is used to indicate that the network status is normal. That is, the state information is added regardless of whether the link quality information is cached, but the state information added when the link quality information is cached is different from the state information added when the link quality information is not cached. For example, different status information can be represented by different characters, for example, the character "00" represents the switching status, the character "01" represents the paging status, the character "10" represents the service request status, and the character "11" represents the normal status. It should be noted that, for ease of description, in the following, the state information is added when the link quality information is cached, and the state information is not added when the link quality information is not cached as an example for description.

In the embodiment of the present application, buffering the link quality information means that after link quality information is generated or received, the link quality information is stored for a period of time, and then the link quality information is sent, and the segment The duration of the time is greater than or equal to the preset duration. Devices (such as RAN nodes, UPF network elements) usually cache link quality information during network handover, paging, and service request processes.

Another feasible implementation manner: the UE actively sends uplink link quality information (hereinafter referred to as link quality information reporting method 2).

In this feasible implementation manner, the UE obtains link quality information and sends uplink link quality information. After the UE obtains the link quality information, the UE can buffer the link quality information, and then send the link quality information. That is, in this feasible implementation manner, the UE may buffer the link quality information.

Optionally, the control device may set a rule for the information (indication information or status information) carried in the link quality information, and notify the UPF network element, RAN node, and UE of the rule. For example, the control device may set the rule as follows: after buffering the link quality information, the link quality information carries indication information, or the link quality information carries indication information and status information. Optionally, the control device may be a NWDA network element or an SMF network element.

Next, with reference to FIG. 5, the process of the control device configuring the information carried in the link quality information will be described. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for configuring information carried in link quality information according to an embodiment of the application.

Please refer to 1a. The control device is an SMF network element. The SMF network element can set rules in advance, and send this to the UPF network element in the packet forwarding control protocol (PFCP) session modification procedure (PFCP session modification procedure). rule. For example, the SMF network element can send the rule to the UPF network element through a signaling message on the N4 interface with the UPF network element. For example, the SMF network element can send the rule to the UPF network element through a usage reporting rule (URR). Send to the rule.

Please refer to 1b. After the UPF network element receives the rules sent by the SMF network element, if the UPF network element caches the link quality information, the UPF network element sends the link quality information according to the rules. The information carries indication information, or the link quality information carries indication information and status information. Optionally, the UPF network element may report link quality information to the SMF network element in a PFCP session report (PFCP session report request/response) process. For example, the UPF network element may report link quality information to the SMF network element through the N4 interface signaling message with the UPF network element. The link quality information reported by the UPF network element to the SMF network element may include indication information, or include indication information and status information.

Refer to 2a, the control device is a NWDA network element, and the NWDA network element can set a rule in advance, and send the rule to the UPF network element through a UPF service subscription (UPF service subscription) message. The NWDA network element can also subscribe to the report of link quality information of the UPF network element through a UPF service subscription (UPF service subscription) message.

Please refer to 2b. After the UPF network element receives the rules sent by the NWDA network element, if the UPF network element caches the link quality information, the UPF network element sends the link quality information according to the rules. The information carries indication information, or the link quality information carries indication information and status information. Optionally, the UPF network element may use a UPF service notification (UPF service Notification) message to report link quality information to the NWDA network element. The link quality information reported by the UPF network element to the NWDA network element may include indication information, or include indication information and status information.

Refer to 3a. The control device is an SMF network element. The SMF network element can set rules in advance, and send the rules to the RAN node in the N2 session management procedure. For example, the SMF network element can communicate with the RAN node. The inter-N2 interface sends the rule to the RAN node. Optionally, the rule sent to the UPF network element in 1a can be carried with the message to the RAN node, that is, the RAN node can receive the rule sent by the SMF network element to the UPF network element. For example, the rules sent by the SMF network element to the UPF network element in 1a can be carried in the LQAP message, and the LQAP message can be sent to the RAN node.

Please refer to 3b. After the RAN node receives the rule, if the RAN node buffers the link quality information, when the RAN node sends the link quality information, according to the rule, the link quality information carries the indication information, or The link quality information carries indication information and status information.

Please refer to 4a. The control device is an SMF network element. The SMF network element can set rules in advance and send the rules to the UE in the N1 session management procedure. For example, the SMF network element can communicate with the UE through The N1 interface sends the rule to the UE. Optionally, the rule sent to the UPF network element in 1a can be carried with the message to the UE, that is, the UE can receive the rule sent by the SMF network element to the UPF network element. For example, the rules sent by the SMF network element to the UPF network element in 1a can be carried in the LQAP message, and the LQAP message can be sent to the UE.

Please refer to 4b. After the UE receives the rule, if the UE buffers the link quality information, when the UE sends the link quality information, according to the rule, the link quality information carries the indication information, or the link quality The information carries indication information and status information.

In this application, in the process of reporting link quality information to the NWDA network element, if the link quality information is cached, the link quality information is reported to the NWDA network element and the corresponding indication of the link quality information is also reported. Information, the indication information may indicate that the link quality information is cached. After the NWDA network element receives the link quality information and the corresponding indication information, the link quality information can be obtained according to the indication information and cached, so that more accurate network optimization can be performed according to the link quality information.

In the following, specific embodiments are used to illustrate the technical solutions shown in the present application. It should be noted that the following embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar content will not be repeated in different embodiments.

FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the application. Referring to Figure 6, the method may include:

S601. The first device acquires a first link quality message, where the first link quality message includes link quality information and indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate that the link quality information is cached.

Optionally, the first device may be a UPF network element, a RAN node, an SMF network element, or a terminal device (for example, UE).

Hereinafter, the relationship between the link quality message (for example, the first link quality message, the second link quality information), the link quality information, and the indication information will be described with reference to FIGS. 7A-7B.

FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of a link quality message provided by an embodiment of this application. Referring to FIG. 7A, the link quality message is a message, and the link quality information and the indication information are respectively some fields in the link quality message.

FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of a link quality message provided by an embodiment of the application. Referring to FIG. 7B, the link quality message is one message, the link quality information is one message, and the link quality information and indication information are two parts in the link quality message. For example, the link quality information and the indication information may be encapsulated into one message (link quality message).

Optionally, the first link quality information may also include status information, and the status information is used to indicate the state of the apparatus for buffering the link quality message when the link quality information is cached, and the state is one of the following states: Type: handover status, paging status, or service request status.

Next, in conjunction with Figures 7C-7D, the relationship between the link quality message (for example, the first link quality message, the second link quality information), the link quality information, the indication information, and the status information is performed Description.

FIG. 7C is a schematic diagram of a link quality message provided by an embodiment of the application. Referring to Fig. 7C, the link quality message is a message, and link quality information, indication information, and status information are respectively some fields in the link quality message.

Fig. 7D is a schematic diagram of a link quality message provided by an embodiment of the application. Referring to Figure 7D, the link quality message is one message, the link quality information is one message, and the link quality information, indication information, and status information are three parts of the link quality message. For example, the link quality information, indication information, and status information may be encapsulated into one message (link quality message).

When the method of reporting link quality information to the NWDA network element (hereinafter referred to as the link quality information reporting method) is different, the process of obtaining the first link quality message by the first device is different, which may include the following multiple possible feasible implementation methods :

A feasible implementation manner: The link quality information reporting method is link quality information reporting method 1.

When the link quality information reporting mode is link quality information reporting mode 1, in the downlink process, the third device (UPF network element and RAN node) may buffer the link quality information. After the third device buffers the downlink link quality information, indication information can be added to the message where the link quality information is located to obtain the second link quality message message (the structure is shown in FIG. 7A), or The link quality information and the indication information are encapsulated into a second link quality message (the structure is shown in FIG. 7B). Optionally, the third device may also add status information to the message where the link quality information is located to obtain the second link quality message message (the structure is shown in FIG. 7C), or it may combine the link quality information and the indication information And the status information is encapsulated into a second link quality message (the structure is shown in Figure 7D).

After the UE receives the second link quality message, the UE may generate the first link quality message according to the second link quality message. Wherein, when the second link quality message includes indication information, the first link quality message also includes indication information, and when the second link quality message does not include indication information, the first link The indication information is also not included in the route quality message. When the second link quality message includes status information, the first link quality message also includes status information. When the second link quality message does not include status information, the first link quality Status information is also not included in the message. When the UE does not add content to the link quality information in the second link quality message, the link quality information in the first link quality message is the same as the link quality in the second link quality message. The information is the same. When the UE adds content to the link quality information in the second link quality message, the link quality information in the first link quality message includes the link in the second link quality message. Quality information. That is, when the first device is a UE, the method for the first device to obtain the first link quality message is: generating the first link quality message according to the received second link quality message.

After the UE generates the first link quality message, the UE reports the first link quality message. For example, the UE may send the first link quality message to the RAN node, and the RAN node may send the first link quality message to the AMF network element, The SMF network element or the UPF network element sends the first link quality message. Wherein, the RAN node sends the first link quality message to the SMF network element through the AMF network element. That is, when the first device is a RAN node, an SMF network element, or a UPF network element, the method for the first device to obtain the first link quality message is to receive the first link quality message from the UE.

A feasible implementation: the link quality reporting method is link quality reporting method 2.

When the link quality information reporting mode is link quality information reporting mode 2, in the uplink process, after the UE obtains the link quality information, the UE may buffer the link quality information. If the UE buffers the link quality information, the UE can add indication information to the message where the link quality information is located to obtain the first link quality message (the structure is shown in Figure 7A), or the link The quality information and the indication information are encapsulated into a first link quality message (the structure is shown in FIG. 7B). Optionally, the UE may also add status information to the message where the link quality information is located to obtain the first link quality message message (the structure is shown in Figure 7C), or it may combine the link quality information, indication information and status The information is encapsulated into a first link quality message (the structure is shown in Figure 7D). That is, when the first device is a UE, the method for the first device to acquire the first link quality message is: the UE generates the first link quality message according to the acquired link quality information.

S602. The first device sends a first link quality message to the second device.

Optionally, the second device may be a NWDA network element.

Optionally, the first device may directly send the first link quality message to the second device. For example, when the first device is an SMF network element or a UPF network element, the first device may directly send the first link quality message to the second device.

Optionally, the first device may send the first link quality message to the second device through another device. For example, when the first device is a UE, the UE can send the first link quality message to the second device through the RAN node and the UPF network element. When the first device is the RAN node, the RAN node can send the message to the second device through the UPF network element. The second device sends the first link quality message.

S603: The second device performs network optimization according to the first link quality message.

Optionally, after the second device obtains the first link quality message, the second device may generate an analysis result according to the first link quality message, and the analysis result is used to indicate whether there is an excessive delay. And the reasons for the excessive delay, for example, the reasons for the excessive delay may include network switching, paging, service request, etc.

For example, after the second device obtains the first link quality message, the second device may obtain the delay according to the first link quality message, and determine whether the delay is greater than the preset value. The second device can determine whether the first link quality message includes indication information. If the indication information is included, it means that the delay may be caused by buffering. If the first link quality message includes status information, then The reason for the buffering (delay) can be determined based on the status information. For example, if the status information included in the first link quality message is a handover state, it is determined that the cause of the delay process is a network handover. If the first link If the status information included in the link quality message is the paging status, it is determined that the cause of the delay process is paging. If the status information included in the first link quality message is the service request status, it is determined that the time is caused The reason for the delay is the business request.

Optionally, after the second device determines the obtained analysis result, the second device may perform network optimization according to the analysis result. When the analysis result is different, the second device performs network optimization in a different process. The following describes the network optimization process under different analysis results.

When the analysis result indicates that the cause of the excessive delay is network handover, the second device instructs the AMF network element to perform handover optimization, so as to reduce the handover process. For example, the second device can instruct the AMF network element to allocate a new registration area for the UE (the physical range of the new registration area is larger than that of the old registration area), or the second device can instruct the RAN node to switch from the small station to the Acer The station, that is, the RAN node, can provide services for UEs in a larger physical range.

Below, with reference to FIGS. 8A-8B, taking the second device as an NWDA network element as an example, the process of network optimization will be described.

FIG. 8A is a schematic flowchart of a handover optimization method provided by an embodiment of the application. Refer to Figure 8A, the handover optimization can be achieved through steps A1-A4, specifically:

A1: The NWDA network element sends the analysis result to the AMF network element. The analysis result indicates that the AMF network element allocates a new registration area for the UE, and the physical range of the new registration area is larger than the physical range of the old registration area.

A2: The UE sends a registration request message to the AMF network element through the target RAN node.

A3: UE, target RAN node and AMF network element, etc. complete the registration process.

A4: The AMF network element sends a registration acceptance response message to the UE, and the registration acceptance response message carries the identifier of the new registration area.

Through steps A1-A4, a new registration area with a larger physical range can be allocated to the UE to reduce the number of handovers.

FIG. 8B is a schematic flowchart of another handover optimization method provided by an embodiment of the application. Refer to Figure 8B, the handover optimization can be achieved through steps B1-B4, specifically:

B1: The NWDA network element sends the analysis result to the AMF network element. Among them, the analysis result indicates that the RAN node that will provide service for the UE is handed over from the small station to the macro base station. Assume that the source RAN node is a small station.

B2: The AMF network element sends a handover instruction message to the source RAN node to instruct the UE served by the source RAN node to switch to a macro base station with a larger service range.

B3: The source RAN node initiates and completes the handover process to the target RAN node. The source RAN node may first select a target RAN node with a large service range (for example, the target RAN is a macro base station with a large service range), and then initiate a handover procedure to the target RAN node.

B4: The UE initiates the registration process.

Through steps B1-B4, the UE can be handed over to the target RAN node with a larger service range to reduce the number of handovers.

When the analysis result indicates that the cause of the excessive delay is paging, the second device instructs the AMF network element to perform paging optimization to reduce the paging process. For example, the second device may instruct the AMF network element to control the UE to stay online, and at the same time instruct the RAN node to enter the inactive state, thereby reducing the paging process.

Below, with reference to FIG. 8C, taking the second device as an NWDA network element as an example, the paging optimization process will be described.

FIG. 8C is a schematic flowchart of a paging optimization method provided by an embodiment of the application. Referring to Figure 8C, paging optimization can be achieved through steps C1-C4, specifically:

C1: The NWDA network element sends the analysis result to the AMF network element. Among them, the analysis result indicates that the AMF network element controls the UE to stay online, and at the same time makes the RAN node enter an inactive state.

C2: The UE sends a registration request message to the AMF network element through the RAN node.

C3: UE, RAN node and AMF network element complete the registration process.

C4: The AMF network element sends a first registration acceptance response message to the RAN node. The first registration acceptance response message includes indication information indicating that the UE remains online, and indication information indicating that the RAN node enters an inactive state.

C5: The RAN node sends a second registration acceptance response message to the UE. The second registration acceptance message includes indication information indicating that the UE remains online.

Through steps C1-C5, the UE can be kept online, so that the RAN node enters an inactive state, thereby reducing the number of paging occurrences.

In the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application, in the process of reporting link quality information to the second device, if the link quality information is cached, the link quality information is reported to the second device and the link is also reported. The indication information corresponding to the quality information, the indication information may indicate that the link quality information is buffered. After receiving the link quality information and the corresponding indication information, the second device can obtain the link quality information according to the indication information and cache it, so that more accurate network optimization can be performed according to the link quality information.

On the basis of any of the foregoing embodiments, the data transmission method will be described below in conjunction with specific scenarios. In the following embodiments, the rule indicates that the buffered link quality information carries indication information and status information as an example for description.

FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the application. The application scenario shown in FIG. 9 is a network handover scenario. The UE switches from a source RAN node to a target RAN node, and the link quality information reporting mode is link quality information reporting mode 1. Referring to Figure 9, the method may include:

S901. The UPF network element sends link quality information to the source RAN node.

Optionally, the UPF network element may send a link quality message to the RAN node, and the link quality message includes link quality information. The link quality message may also include other information. For example, the link quality message information may also include a message header, such as a destination address, a source address, and so on.

S902: The source RAN node buffers the link quality information.

Optionally, since the UE is undergoing a network handover, the source RAN node and the UE may have been disconnected. Therefore, the source RAN node buffers the link quality information.

S903. The source RAN node sends a second link quality message to the target RAN node, where the second link quality message includes link quality information, indication information, and status information.

Among them, the status information is used to indicate the switching status.

For example, the character corresponding to the status information can be set, and the switching status can be expressed by the character. For example, the character "00" indicates the switching state, the character "01" indicates the paging state, the character "10" indicates the service request state, and the character "11" indicates the normal state.

S904: The target RAN node sends a second link quality message to the UE.

Optionally, after the establishment of the wireless channel of the target RAN node is completed, the target RAN node sends a second link quality message to the UE.

It should be noted that the target RAN node may add content to the link quality information in the second link quality message.

S905: The target RAN node sends an N2 path switch request (N2 path switch request) to the AMF network element.

Among them, the N2 path switching request is used to notify the AMF network element that the UE has moved to a new target cell, and to provide the AMF network element with a list of PDU sessions to be switched.

S906. The AMF network element sends N2 session management (session management, SM) information to the SMF network element.

Optionally, after the AMF network element receives the PDU session list in the N2 path switching request, it may call Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext in each PDU session to request a service operation to send N2 SM information to the SMF.

S907. The SMF network element sends an N4 session modification request (N4 session modification request) message to the UPF network element.

Optionally, for the PDU session modified by the target RAN node, the SMF network element sends an N4 session modification request message to the UPF network element.

Optionally, the SMF network element may initiate a data notification to the UPF network element to discard the downlink data of the PDU session and not provide a further data notification message.

S908. For the switched PDU session, the UPF network element sends an N4 session modification response (N4 session modification response) message to the SMF network element.

Optionally, for the switched PDU session, after the requested PDU session is switched, the UPF network element sends an N4 session modification response message to the SMF network element. When the UPF network element allocates core network tunnel information and needs to allocate different core network tunnel information, the tunnel identifier of the uplink traffic includes the PDU session whose user plane resource has not been released.

S909. The UPF network element sends an end marker (end marker) data packet to the source RAN node.

Among them, in order to assist the reordering function in the target RAN node, after the path switching, the UPF network element sends one or more end-marked data packets for each N3 tunnel on the old path.

S910: The source RAN node sends an end marker (end marker) data packet to the target RAN node.

S911. The UPF network element sends a third link quality message to the UE through the target RAN node, where the third link quality message includes link quality information.

Since neither the UPF network element nor the RAN node buffers the link quality information, the third link quality message does not include indication information and status information.

It should be noted that the link quality information included in the third link quality message may be different from the link quality information included in the second link quality message.

S912. The SMF network element sends an Nsmf PDU Session Update SM Context Request (Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response) message to the AMF.

Optionally, the core network tunnel information sent by the UPF to the AMF is used to set up the N3 tunnel.

Optionally, the SMF network element for the successfully switched PDU session sends an Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response message to the AMF.

S913. The AMF network element sends an N2 path switch request response (N2 path switch request ack) to the target RAN node.

Optionally, once the AMF receives the Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext response from all SMFs, the AMF aggregates the received core network tunnel information and uses the aggregated information as part of the N2 SM information, and sends the failed PDU session in the N2 path switch request response to Target RAN node. If none of the requested PDU sessions is successfully switched, the AMF network element sends an N2 path switch request failure (N2 path switch request failure) message to the target RAN node.

S914: The target RAN node sends a resource release (release resources) message to the source RAN node.

Optionally, after the target RAN node confirms that the network handover is successful, the target RAN node requests the source RAN node to release resources.

S915. The UE generates a first link quality message according to the second link quality message, where the first link quality message includes link quality information, indication information, and status information.

Since the second link quality message includes indication information and status information, the first link quality message also includes indication information and status information.

S916: The UE sends the first link quality message to the UPF network element through the target RAN node.

Optionally, the UPF network element may send the first link quality message to the NWDA network element.

S917. The UE generates a fourth link quality message according to the third link quality message, and the fourth link quality message includes link quality information.

Since the third link quality message does not include indication information and status information, or the indication information indicates that there is no buffering, and the status information indicates normal, therefore, the fourth link quality message does not include indication information and status information. .

S918: The UE sends a fourth link quality message to the UPF network element through the target RAN node.

Optionally, the UPF network element may send the fourth link quality message to the NWDA network element.

It should be noted that the link quality information included in the fourth link quality message may be different from the link quality information included in the first link quality message.

S919: The UE initiates a registration process.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, in the network handover process (the UE switches from the source RAN node to the target RAN node) after the link quality information is cached in the source RAN node, the link quality is reported to the NWDA network element At the same time as the information, the indication information and status information corresponding to the link quality information are also reported. The indication information can indicate that the link quality information is cached, and the status information can indicate the status of the source RAN node when the source RAN node caches the link quality information (Switch state). After NWDA obtains the reported link quality information, it can obtain the link quality information based on the indication information and the network status when the link quality information was cached according to the status information, and then can be based on the link quality Information is optimized for more accurate network.

FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application. The application scenario shown in Figure 10 is a network handover scenario. The UE switches from a source RAN node to a target RAN node, and both AMF network elements and UPF network elements are switched. The link quality information reporting method is the link quality information reporting method 1. Referring to Figure 10, the method can include:

S1001. The source AMF network element sends a handover command (handover command) message to the source RAN node.

Optionally, the command mainly includes a target-to-source transparent container, a list of PDU sessions to be switched, and a list of PDU sessions that have not been successfully established.

S1002. The source RAN node sends a handover command (handover command) message to the UE.

The target-to-source transparent container includes a UE container, and the UE container is transparently sent from the target RAN node to the source RAN node through the AMF network element, and is provided to the UE by the source RAN node.

S1003. The source RAN node sends an uplink radio access status transfer (uplink RAN status transfer) message to the source AMF network element.

Optionally, if the radio bearer of the UE is not processed by the PDCP state reservation, the source RAN node may not send the uplink operating state transmission message.

S1004. The source AMF network element sends an uplink radio access status transfer (uplink RAN status transfer) message to the target AMF network element.

Optionally, if there is AMF relocation, the source AMF network element can use the Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer service operation to send an uplink radio access status transfer (uplink RAN status transfer) message to the target AMF network element.

S1005. The target AMF network element sends a downlink radio access status transfer (downlink RAN status transfer) message to the target RAN node.

Optionally, if the target AMF network element is relocated, the target AMF network element sends the information (the relocated target AMF network element) to the T-RAN through a downlink radio access state transfer message.

S1006. A PDU session anchor (PDU session anchor, PSA) UPF network element sends link quality information to the source RAN node through the source UPF network element.

Optionally, the communication system may include multiple UPF network elements, and the PSA UPF network element refers to the most source UPF network element that sends link quality information.

S1007. The source RAN node sends a second link quality message to the target RAN node, where the second link quality message includes link quality information, indication information, and status information.

Since the source RAN node buffers the link quality information, the second link quality message sent by the source RAN node to the target RAN node includes indication information and status information.

Optionally, in S1007, the source RAN node may first send link quality information to the source UPF network element, and then the source UPF network element sends the link quality information to the target UPF network element. After the information is cached, the target UPF network element may send a second link quality message to the target RAN node, and the second link quality message includes link quality information, indication information, and status information.

S1008. After the UE successfully switches to the target RAN node, the UE sends a handover confirmation message to the target RAN node.

S1009. The target RAN node sends a second link quality message to the UE.

Optionally, the target RAN node sends the second link quality message to the UE according to the handover confirmation message.

S1010. The target RAN node sends a handover notification (handover notify) message to the target AMF network element.

Among them, the handover notification (handover notify) message is used to notify the target RAN node of the RAN node that the UE accesses after a successful handover.

S1011. The target AMF network element sends an N2 handover notification (handover notify) message to the source AMF network element.

Optionally, the target AMF network element can send the N2 handover notification (handover notify) message received from the target RAN node to the source AMF network element by calling Namf_Communication_N2InfoNotify.

S1012. The source AMF network element sends a confirmation message to the target AMF network element.

Optionally, the confirmation message may be Namf_Communication_N2InfoNotify ACK.

S1013. The source AMF network element sends an Nsmf PDU Session Release SM Context Request (Nsmf_PDUSession_ReleaseSMContext Request) message to the SMF network element.

Optionally, the Nsmf_PDUSession_ReleaseSMContext Request message includes a user permanent identifier (subscription permanent identifier, SUPI), PDU session ID, and N2 SM information.

S1014. The target AMF network element sends an Nsmf PDU Session Update SM Context Request (Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request) message to the SMF network element.

Optionally, the Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request may include a PDU session ID switching completion indication and the presence information of the UE in a local area data network (LADN) service area.

S1015. The SMF network element sends an N4 session modification request (session modification request) message to the target UPF network element.

Optionally, when the target UPF network element is inserted or the source UPF network element is reassigned, the SMF network element sends an N4 session modification request (session modification request) message to the target UPF network element. The N4 session modification request can be used to indicate the downlink access network tunnel information of the target RAN node.

S1016. The target UPF network element sends an N4 session modification response (session modification response) message to the SMF network element.

S1017. If the UPF network element has not been reassigned, the SMF network element sends an N4 session modification request (session modification request) message to the source UPF network element.

Among them, the N4 session modification request (session modification request) message is used to indicate the downlink access network tunnel information of the target RAN node.

S1018. The source UPF network element sends an N4 session modification response (session modification response) message to the SMF network element.

S1019. The SMF network element sends an N4 session modification request (session modification request) message to the PSA UPF network element.

Among them, in a non-roaming or local roaming scenario (for example, a local Breakout roaming scenario), the SMF network element sends an N4 session modification response message to the PSA UPF network element, and provides the N3 of the target RAN node Access network tunnel information or downlink core network tunnel information of the target UPF network element.

S1020. The PSA UPF network element sends an N4 session modification response (session modification response) message to the SMF network element.

It should be noted that when there are multiple PSA UPF network elements, the SMF network element sends an N4 session modification request message to each PSA UPF network element. Correspondingly, each PSA UPF network element sends an N4 session modification request message to the SMF network element. The element sends an N4 session modification response (session modification response) message.

S1021. The PSAUPF network element sends a third link quality message to the UE through the target UPF network element and the target RAN node, and the third link quality message includes link quality information.

Since the PSA UPF network element, the target UPF network element, and the target RAN node all cache link quality information, the third link quality message received by the UE does not include indication information and status information.

S1022. The UE generates a first link quality message according to the second link quality message, where the first link quality message includes link quality information, indication information, and status information.

S1023. The UE sends the first link quality message to the PSA UPF network element through the target RAN node and the target UPF network element.

Optionally, the PSA UPF network element may send the first link quality message to the NWDA network element.

S1024. The UE generates a fourth link quality message according to the third link quality message, and the fourth link quality message includes link quality information.

Since the third link quality message does not include indication information and status information, the fourth link quality message does not include indication information and status information.

S1025. The UE sends a fourth link quality message to the PSA UPF network element through the target RAN node and the target UPF network element.

Optionally, the PSA UPF network element may send the fourth link quality message to the NWDA network element.

S1026. The SMF network element sends an Nsmf PDU Session Update SM Context Response (Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response) message to the target AMF network element.

Optionally, the Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response message may include the PDU session ID.

Optionally, if the indirect data forwarding mode is enabled, the SMF network element may start an indirect data forwarding timer to release the resources of the indirect data forwarding tunnel.

S1027. The UE performs a mobility registration update process.

Optionally, when the target AMF network element knows that it is a handover process, the target AMF network element only performs a part of the sub-processes in the registration process.

S1028. The SMF network element sends an N4 session release request (session release request) message to the source UPF network element.

Optionally, when there is a source intermediate UPF network element, the SMF network element sends an N4 session release request (session release request) message to the source UPF network element. When the timer or the indirect data forwarding timer expires, the SMF network element will initiate resource release.

S1029. The source UPF network element sends an N4 session modification response (N4 session modification response) message to the SMF network element.

S1030. The source AMF network element sends a UE context (context) release command to the source RAN node.

Optionally, after the timer expires, the source AMF network element sends a UE context release command to the source RAN node.

S1031. The source RAN node sends a resource release completion confirmation response to the source AMF network element.

Optionally, the source RAN node first releases the resources related to the UE, and then sends a resource release completion confirmation response to the source AMF network element.

S1032. The SMF network element sends an N4 session modification request (N4 session modification request) message to the target UPF network element.

Optionally, if indirect forwarding is enabled and UPF is reassigned, when the indirect data forwarding timer expires, the SMF network element sends an N4 session modification request (N4 session modification response) message to the target UPF network element to release the indirect data forwarding Resources.

S1033. The target UPF network element sends an N4 session modification response (session modification response) message to the SMF network element.

Optionally, the target UPF network element may first release resources related to indirect data forwarding, and then send an N4 session modification response (session modification response) message to the SMF network element.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, during the network handover process, the link quality information may be cached in the source RAN node or the target UPF network element. After the link quality information is cached, When reporting link quality information to the NWDA network element, it also reports indication information and status information corresponding to the link quality information. The indication information can indicate that the link quality information has been cached, and the status information can indicate when the link quality information is cached. The state (handover state) of the device (source RAN node or target UPF network element). After the NWDA network element obtains the link quality information reported by the SPA UPF network element, it can obtain the link quality information according to the indication information. Cached, and cache the link according to the status information obtaining device (source RAN node or target UPF network element) The network status at the time of quality information can then be used for more accurate network optimization based on the link quality information.

FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application. The application scenario shown in FIG. 11 is a network paging scenario, and the link quality information reporting mode is link quality information reporting mode 1. Referring to Figure 11, the method may include:

S1101. The UPF network element receives link quality information.

Optionally, the UPF network element may receive link quality information sent by the PSA UPF network element.

S1102. The UPF network element sends a data notification to the SMF network element.

Optionally, the data notification may include the N4 session ID, information for identifying the QoS flow of the downlink data packet, and a differentiated services code point (DSCP).

S1103. The SMF network element sends a data notification confirmation to the UPF network element.

S1104. The UPF network element sends a downlink data packet to the SMF network element.

S1105. The SMF network element sends a Namf communication N1N2 message transfer (Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer) to the AMF network element.

Optionally, Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer may include the PDU session ID. If the data notification from the UPF network element triggers this step in S1102, the SMF network element determines the PDU session ID based on the N4 session ID received in S1102.

S1106. The AMF network element sends a Namf communication N1N2 message transfer (Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer) response to the SMF network element.

Optionally, according to the different states of the UE in the AMF (such as CM-IDLE, CM-CONNECTED, etc.), the AMF network element sends to the SMF network element different message content (such as "trying to reach the UE" "N1/N2 transmission Success") Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer response.

S1107. The SMF network element sends a failure notification to the UPF network element.

Among them, the failure notification is used to indicate that the user plane setting fails. If the SMF network element receives an indication from the AMF network element that the UE is unreachable or can only be used to supervise priority services, the SMF network element can instruct the UPF network element to stop sending data notifications, stop buffering downlink data, and discard the buffer based on the network policy Data or instruct the UPF network element to stop sending data notifications and stop buffering downlink data and discard buffered data.

S1108. The AMF network element sends a paging request (paging) to the UE through the RAN node.

Optionally, when the UE is in the CM-IDLE state during 3GPP access, and the PDU session ID received from the SMF network element in S1105 has been associated with the 3GPP access, the AMF network element makes a decision and accesses it through 3GPP. Notify the UE.

S1109. The AMF network element sends a non-access stratum (non-access stratum, NAS) notification message to the UE.

Optionally, the UE is registered through 3GPP and non-3GPP access in the same public land mobile network (PLMN) at the same time, and the UE is in the CM-CONNECTED state during 3GPP access or non-3GPP access, based on local Policy, the AMF network element makes a decision to notify the UE through 3GPP access or non-3GPP access, sends a NAS notification message containing 3GPP or non-3GPP access type to the UE, and sets a notification timer.

S1110. The AMF network element sends a Namf communication N1N2 transmission failure notification (Namf_Communications_N1N2TransferFailureNotification) message to the SMF network element.

Optionally, when the UE does not respond to paging, the AMF sends a Namf_Communications_N1N2TransferFailureNotification message to the SMF.

S1111, the UE will initiate a service request procedure (service request procedure).

Optionally, when the UE is in the CM-IDLE state during 3GPP or non-3GPP access, upon receiving a PDU session paging request associated with non-3GPP access, the UE will initiate a service request procedure.

S1112. The UPF network element sends a second link quality message to the UE through the RAN node, where the second link quality message includes link quality information, indication information, and status information.

Because the UPF network element buffers the link quality information, the second link quality message sent by the UPF network element includes indication information and status information.

S1113. The UE generates a first link quality message according to the second link quality message, where the first link quality message includes link quality information, indication information and status information.

S1114. The UE sends the first link quality message information to the UPF network element through the RAN node.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 11, in the paging process, after the downlink link quality information is buffered in the UPF network element, the uplink link quality information is reported to the NWDA network element, and the link is also reported. Indication information and status information corresponding to the quality information, the indication information may indicate that the link quality information is cached, and the status information may indicate the state of the UPF network element (paging state) when the UPF network element caches the link quality information. After the NWDA network element obtains the reported link quality information, it can obtain the link quality information that has been cached according to the indication information, and obtain the network status when the link quality information is cached by the UPF network element according to the status information, and then can be based on the link Road quality information for more accurate network optimization.

FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application. The application scenario shown in Figure 12 is a network paging scenario, and the link quality information reporting method is link quality information reporting method 1. Referring to Figure 12, the method may include:

S1201. The UPF network element sends link quality information to the RAN node.

S1202. The RAN node sends a paging request to the UE according to the link quality information.

Among them, the link quality information is cached in the RAN node.

S1203. The UE sends a radio resource control (radio resource controller, RRC) message to the RAN node.

Optionally, after the UE receives the paging request, the UE initiates the transition from the RRC Inactive state to the RRC Connected state, and the UE provides the Resume ID required by the RAN node to access the context stored by the UE.

S1204. The RAN node sends an RRC message to the UE.

Among them, the RRC message sent by the RAN node to the UE is used to confirm to the UE that the UE has entered the RRC Connected state.

S1205. The RAN node sends a second link quality message to the UE, where the second link quality message includes link quality information, indication information, and status information.

Since the RAN node buffers the link quality information, the second link quality message sent by the RAN node to the UE includes indication information and status information.

S1206. The UE generates a first link quality message according to the second link quality message, where the first link quality message includes link quality information, indication information, and status information.

Since the second link quality message includes indication information and status information, the first link quality message includes indication information and status information.

S1207: The UE sends a first link quality message to the UPF network element through the RAN node.

S1208. The UPF network element sends a third link quality message to the UE through the RAN node, where the third link quality message includes link quality information.

It should be noted that the link quality information included in the third link quality message is different from the link quality information included in the second link quality message (or the first link quality message).

S1209. The UE generates a fourth link quality message according to the third link quality message, and the third link quality message includes link quality information.

S1210. The UE sends a fourth link quality message to the UPF network element through the RAN node.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, in the paging process, after the downlink link quality information is buffered in the RAN node, the uplink link quality information is reported to the NWDA network element and the link quality is also reported. The indication information and status information corresponding to the information, the indication information may indicate that the link quality information has been cached, and the status information may indicate the state (paging state) of the RAN node when the UPF network element caches the link quality information. After the NWDA network element obtains the reported link quality information, it can obtain the link quality information that has been cached according to the indication information, and obtain the network status when the RAN node caches the link quality information according to the status information, and then can obtain the network status according to the link quality information. Quality information for more accurate network optimization.

FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of yet another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application. The application scenario is that the UE is in the service request state, and the link quality information reporting mode is link quality information reporting mode 2. Referring to Figure 13, the method may include:

S1301. The UE obtains link quality information.

S1302. The UE generates a first link quality message, where the first link quality message includes link quality information, indication information, and status information.

S1303. The UE sends a service request (service request) to the RAN node.

Optionally, the service request may include an access network message, which includes access network parameters, a list of PDU sessions to be activated, security parameters, PDU session status, and 5G-S-temporary mobile user identification number (temporary mobile user identification number). subscriber identity, TMSI).

S1304. The RAN node sends an N2 message (N2 message) to the AMF network element.

Optionally, the N2 message may include N2 parameters and service requests.

S1305. The AMF network element initiates a NAS authentication/security (NAS authentication/security) process.

S1306. The AMF network element sends an Nsmf PDU session update SM context (Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext) request to the SMF network element.

Among them, the Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext request may include the PDU session ID, operation type, UE location information, access type, radio access technology (RAT) type, UE presence information in the LADN service area, and an indication that the access type is allowed to be changed .

S1307. The SMF network element executes an SM policy association modification (SM policy association modification) process.

Optionally, if the AMF network element informs the SMF network element that the access type of the PDU session can be changed in S1306 and the policy and charging control (PCC) is deployed, the SMF performs the SM policy association modification process.

S1308. The SMF network element determines to perform subsequent operations according to the selection identifier of the UPF.

Optionally, the SMF network element may determine to perform subsequent operations according to the location information received from the AMF network element and the selection criteria of the UPF. For example, it may include: accepting the activation of the UPF connection and continuing to use the current UPF, and accepting the user plane connection. Activate and select a new intermediate UPF (or add/remove intermediate UPF).

S1309. The SMF network element sends an N4 session modification request (session modification request) message to the UPF network element.

Optionally, the SMF network element can change the core network tunnel information of the UPF (PSA) allocated to the N3 or N9 interface during the service request process according to the network deployment status.

Optionally, the UPF network element may be a PSA UPF network element.

S1310. The UPF network element sends an N4 session modification response (session modification response) message to the SMF network element.

Optionally, if the UPF network element allocates the core network tunnel information of the UPF network element, the UPF network element provides the core network tunnel information to the SMF network element. The UPF network element associates the core network tunnel information with the uplink packet detection rule provided by the SMF network element.

S1311. The SMF network element sends an Nsmf PDU session update SM context (Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext) response to the AMF network element.

Optionally, the Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext response mainly includes N2 SM information, PDU session ID, QoS flow identity (QFI), QoS configuration file, core network N3 tunnel information, single network slice selection assistance information (single network slice selection assistance information) , S-NSSAI), user plane security enforcement and maximum rate of UE integrity protection.

S1312. The AMF network element sends an N2 request (N2 request) to the RAN node.

Optionally, the N2 request may include N2 session information received by the SMF network element, security context, mobility restriction list, subscribed UE aggregate maximum bit rate (aggregate maximum bit rate, AMBR), MM non-access layer service acceptance, all Recommended cell and RAN node identifiers, UE radio capabilities, core network assistance information, and tracking requirements.

S1313. The RAN node and the UE perform RRC connection reconfiguration.

Optionally, the RAN node may perform RRC connection reconfiguration with the UE according to the QoS information and data radio bearer information of all QoS flows.

S1314. The UE sends a first link quality message to the UPF network element through the RAN node, where the first link quality message includes link quality information, indication information, and status information.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, after the UE buffers the link quality information, the UE reports the link quality information to the NWDA network element while also reporting the indication information and status information corresponding to the link quality information. It may indicate that the link quality information has been buffered, and the status information may indicate the status of the UE (service request status) when the UE is buffering the link quality information. After the NWDA network element obtains the reported link quality information, it can obtain the link quality information that has been cached according to the indication information, and obtain the network status when the UE caches the link quality information according to the status information, and then can according to the link quality Information is optimized for more accurate network.

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the application. The data transmission device 10 may be provided in the first device. Referring to FIG. 14, the data transmission device 10 includes a processing module 11 and a sending module 12, wherein,

The processing module 11 is configured to obtain a first link quality message, where the first link quality message includes link quality information and indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate the link quality information Caching occurred;

The sending module 12 is configured to send the first link quality message to a second device, where the first link quality message is used by the second device to perform network optimization according to it.

Optionally, the processing module 11 may execute the steps related to the processing action executed by the first device in the foregoing method embodiment, and the sending module 12 may execute the steps related to the sending action executed by the first device in the foregoing method embodiment.

It should be noted that the data transmission device provided in the embodiments of the present application can execute the technical solutions shown in the foregoing method embodiments, and the implementation principles and beneficial effects are similar, and will not be repeated here.

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the application. On the basis of the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the first device is a user plane function UPF network element, a radio access network RAN node, or a session management function SMF network element; please refer to FIG. 15, the data transmission device may also include receiving Module 13, of which,

The receiving module 13 is configured to receive the first link quality message from a terminal device.

In a possible implementation manner, the first device is a terminal device; the receiving module 13 is further configured to:

Receiving a second link quality message, where the second link quality message includes the link quality information and the indication information;

According to the second link quality message, the first link quality message is generated.

In a possible implementation manner, the first device is a terminal device; the processing module 11 is specifically configured to:

Acquiring the link quality information;

If the first device buffers the link quality information, generate the first link quality message according to the link quality information and the indication information.

In a possible implementation manner, the processing module 11 is specifically configured to:

Acquiring status information according to the status of the first device;

According to the link quality information, the indication information, and the status information, the first link quality message is generated, and the first link quality message further includes the status information.

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of another data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the application. The data transmission device 20 may be provided in a second device. Referring to FIG. 16, the data transmission device 20 may include a receiving module 21 and a processing module 22, where:

The receiving module 21 is configured to receive a first link quality message sent by a first device, where the first link quality message includes link quality information and indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate The link quality information is cached;

The processing module 22 is configured to perform network optimization according to the first link quality message.

Optionally, the receiving module 21 may execute steps related to receiving actions performed by the second device in the foregoing method embodiment, and the processing module 22 may execute steps related to processing actions performed by the second device in the foregoing method embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the application. Referring to FIG. 17, the data transmission device 30 may include a processor 31, a transmitter 32, a memory 33, and a communication bus 34. The processor 31, the transmitter 32, and the memory 33 communicate through the communication bus 34. The processor 31 executes program instructions in the memory 33. among them,

The processor 31 is configured to obtain a first link quality message, where the first link quality message includes link quality information and indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate the link quality information Caching occurred;

The transmitter 32 is configured to send the first link quality message to a second device, where the first link quality message is used by the second device to perform network optimization according to it.

Optionally, the processor 31 may have the function of the processing module 11 in FIG. 14-15. The transmitter 32 may have the function of the transmitting module 12 in FIGS. 14-15.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of another data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the application. The data transmission device 30 is a user plane function UPF network element, a radio access network RAN node, or a session management function SMF network element; the data transmission device 30 may also include a receiver 35, wherein the receiver 35 is used for :

Receiving the first link quality message from the terminal device.

In a possible implementation manner, the data transmission device 30 is a terminal device;

The receiver 35 is configured to receive a second link quality message, where the second link quality message includes the link quality information and the indication information;

The processor 31 is specifically configured to generate the first link quality message according to the second link quality message.

In a possible implementation manner, the data transmission device 30 is a terminal device; the processor 31 is specifically configured to:

Acquiring the link quality information;

If the data transmission device 30 buffers the link quality information, the data transmission device 30 generates the first link quality message according to the link quality information and the indication information.

In a possible implementation manner, the processing module 31 is specifically configured to:

Acquiring status information according to the status of the data transmission device;

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of another data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the application. Referring to FIG. 19, the data transmission device 40 may include a processor 41, a receiver 42, a memory 43 and a communication bus 44, and the processor 41, the receiver 42 and the memory 43 communicate through the communication bus 44. The processor 41 executes the program instructions in the memory 43. among them,

The receiver 42 is configured to receive a first link quality message sent by a data transmission apparatus, where the first link quality message includes link quality information and indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate all The link quality information is cached;

The processor 41 is configured to perform network optimization according to the first link quality message.

Optionally, the processor 41 may have the function of the processing module 22 in FIG. 16. The transmitter 32 may have the function of the receiving module 21 in FIG. 16.

An embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium, the storage medium is used to store a computer program, and the computer program is used to implement the data transmission method described in the foregoing embodiment.

The embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes instructions. When the instructions are executed, the computer executes the above data transmission method.

The embodiment of the present application provides a system on a chip or a system chip, the system on a chip or a system chip may be applied to an electronic device, the system on a chip or the system chip includes: at least one communication interface, at least one processor, and at least one The memory, the communication interface, the memory, and the processor are interconnected by a bus, and the processor executes the instructions stored in the memory so that the terminal device can execute the above data transmission method.

FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of this application. Referring to FIG. 20, the communication system 50 may include a first device 51 and a second device 52, where

The first device 51 may be the data transmission device 30 shown in FIGS. 17-18, and the second device 52 may be the data transmission device 40 shown in the embodiment of FIG. 19.

It should be noted that the first device 51 and the second device 52 can execute the technical solutions shown in the foregoing method embodiments, and their implementation principles and beneficial effects are similar, and will not be repeated here.

FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication system provided by an embodiment of this application. On the basis of the embodiment shown in FIG. 20, referring to FIG. 21, the communication system 50 further includes a third device 53 for buffering link quality information, and buffering the link quality information. Generate a link quality message after the information, and send the link quality message to the first device 51;

In a possible implementation manner, the first device is a user plane function UPF network element, a radio access network RAN node, a session management function SMF network element, or a terminal device; the second device is a network data analysis NWDA network Element; the third device is a UPF network element or a RAN node.

All or part of the steps in the foregoing method embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware. The aforementioned program can be stored in a readable memory. When the program is executed, it executes the steps including the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing memory (storage medium) includes: read-only memory (ROM), RAM, flash memory, hard disk, solid state hard disk, tape (magnetic tape), floppy disk (floppy disk), optical disc (optical disc) and any combination thereof.

The embodiments of this application are described with reference to the flowcharts and/or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of this application. It should be understood that each process and/or block in the flowchart and/or block diagram, and the combination of processes and/or blocks in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processing unit of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing equipment to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processing unit of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment are generated for use It is a device that realizes the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.

These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction device. The device implements the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.

These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce computer-implemented processing, so as to execute on the computer or other programmable equipment. The instructions provide steps for implementing functions specified in a flow or multiple flows in the flowchart and/or a block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. In this way, if these modifications and variations of the embodiments of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalent technologies, this application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

In this application, the term "including" and its variations may refer to non-limiting inclusion; the term "or" and its variations may refer to "and/or". The terms "first", "second", etc. in the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. In this application, "plurality" means two or more. "And/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three types of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A alone exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

Claims

A data transmission method, characterized by comprising:

The first device acquires a first link quality message, where the first link quality message includes link quality information and indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate that the link quality information is cached;

The first device sends the first link quality message to the second device, where the first link quality message is used by the second device to perform network optimization according to it.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the first link quality message further includes status information, and the status information is used to indicate that the link quality information is cached when the link quality information is cached. The state of the device of the path quality message, the state being one of the following states: handover state, paging state, or service request state.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first device is a user plane function UPF network element, a radio access network RAN node, or a session management function SMF network element; the first device obtains the first Link quality message, including:

The first device receives the first link quality message from a terminal device.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the first device is a terminal device; and obtaining the first link quality message by the first device comprises:

Receiving, by the first device, a second link quality message, where the second link quality message includes the link quality information and the indication information;

The first device generates the first link quality message according to the second link quality message.
The method according to claim 4, wherein the second link quality message is generated according to the link quality information and the indication information after the third device buffers the link quality information Yes, the third device is a UPF network element or a RAN node.
The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the second link quality message further includes status information, and the first link quality information further includes the status information.
The method according to claim 6, wherein the second link quality message is buffered by the third device for the link quality information, and then the second link quality information is buffered according to the link quality information, the indication information and When the state information is generated, the third device is a UPF network element or a RAN node.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the first device is a terminal device; and obtaining the first link quality message by the first device comprises:

Acquiring the link quality information by the first device;

If the first device buffers the link quality information, the first device generates the first link quality message according to the link quality information and the indication information.
The method according to claim 8, wherein generating the first link quality message according to the link quality information and the indication information comprises:

The first device obtains state information according to the state of the first device;

The first device generates the first link quality message according to the link quality information, the indication information, and the status information, and the first link quality message further includes the status information.
A data transmission method, characterized by comprising:

The second device receives a first link quality message sent by the first device, where the first link quality message includes link quality information and indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate the link quality information Caching occurred;

The second device performs network optimization according to the first link quality message.
The method according to claim 10, wherein the first link quality message further includes status information, and the status information is used to indicate that the link quality information is cached when the link quality information is cached. The state of the device of the path quality message, and the state information is one of the following states: handover state, paging state, or service request state.
A data transmission device, characterized in that the data transmission device is used to implement the data transmission method according to any one of claims 1-9.
A data transmission device, characterized in that the data transmission device is used to implement the data transmission method according to any one of claims 10-11.
A data transmission device, characterized by comprising a memory and a processor, and the processor executes the program instructions in the memory and executes the data transmission method according to any one of claims 1-9.
A data transmission device, characterized by comprising a memory and a processor, the processor executes the program instructions in the memory and executes the data transmission method according to any one of claims 10-11.
A communication system, characterized in that it comprises a first device and a second device, wherein:

The first device is used to execute the data transmission method according to any one of claims 1-9, and the second device is used to execute the data transmission method according to any one of claims 10-11.
The communication system according to claim 16, wherein the system further comprises a third device configured to buffer link quality information, and generate link quality information after buffering the link quality information Message, and send the link quality message to the first device;

Wherein, the link quality message includes the link quality information and the indication information, or the link quality message includes the link quality information, the indication information and the status information.
The communication system according to claim 17, wherein:

The first device is a user plane function UPF network element, a radio access network RAN node, a session management function SMF network element, or a terminal device;

The second device is a network data analysis NWDA network element;

The third device is a UPF network element or a RAN node.
A storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium is used to store a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a computer or a processor, it is used to implement the data transmission method according to any one of claims 1-9, or the right The data transmission method described in any one of 10-11 is required.
A computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product includes instructions, which when executed, cause a computer to execute the data transmission method according to any one of claims 1-9, or claims 10-11 Any of the data transmission methods.
A chip, characterized by comprising: at least one communication interface, at least one processor, at least one memory, the communication interface, the memory and the processor are interconnected by a bus, and the processor executes the memory The instructions stored in the chip enable the device where the chip is located to execute the data transmission method according to any one of claims 1-9, or the data transmission method according to any one of claims 10-11.