WO2020258256A1 - 一种图像处理的方法、装置和无人机 - Google Patents
一种图像处理的方法、装置和无人机 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020258256A1 WO2020258256A1 PCT/CN2019/093728 CN2019093728W WO2020258256A1 WO 2020258256 A1 WO2020258256 A1 WO 2020258256A1 CN 2019093728 W CN2019093728 W CN 2019093728W WO 2020258256 A1 WO2020258256 A1 WO 2020258256A1
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- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
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- G05D1/10—Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions
- G05D1/101—Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions specially adapted for aircraft
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- the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of image processing, and more specifically, to an image processing method, device, and drone.
- the current rate control algorithms for image coding can be divided into two categories: one is frame-level rate control, that is, one frame of image is used as the control precision, and the quantization parameter QP used by all macroblocks in a frame of image is the same value. ;
- the other type is macroblock-level code rate control, that is, one or a group of macroblocks are used as the control unit, and the quantization parameter QP used by each control unit during encoding can be different.
- the source of the image and/or the channel for transmitting the image will also change in real time, which may occur in the image
- the target bit rate of the image is quickly consumed.
- this will cause the encoding quality of the latter part of the image to drop sharply, and the decoded image will appear
- a large number of mosaic phenomena cause partial distortion of the image and uneven image quality.
- the present invention provides an image processing method to make the image quality of the coded image more uniform.
- an image processing method including: obtaining a quantization parameter feature value corresponding to each image block in a plurality of image blocks in an encoded historical image, wherein each image block includes multiple Macro block, wherein the quantization parameter characteristic value of each image block is determined according to the quantization parameter of one or more macro blocks in the image block; when the quantization parameter characteristic value corresponding to the multiple image blocks is determined When the determined encoding quality of the multiple image blocks meets the preset degradation condition, determine the first minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded, wherein the quantization parameter of each macroblock in the current image to be encoded is greater than or Equal to the first minimum quantization parameter.
- an image processing device including: an acquisition module for acquiring the quantization parameter feature value corresponding to each image block in a plurality of image blocks in the encoded historical image; When the encoding quality of the plurality of image blocks determined by the quantization parameter characteristic values corresponding to the plurality of image blocks meets a preset degradation condition, the first minimum quantization parameter of the image to be encoded currently is determined.
- an apparatus for image processing including a memory and a processor, the memory is used to store program code, and the processor executes the following operations by executing the program code: Obtaining the encoded historical image The quantization parameter feature value corresponding to each image block in the multiple image blocks, wherein each image block includes multiple macro blocks, and the quantization parameter feature value of each image block is based on the image block The quantization parameters of one or more macroblocks in the image blocks are determined; when the encoding quality of the plurality of image blocks determined according to the quantization parameter characteristic values corresponding to the plurality of image blocks meets the preset degradation condition, it is determined that the current waiting The first minimum quantization parameter of the encoded image, where the quantization parameter of each macroblock in the current image to be encoded during encoding is greater than or equal to the first minimum quantization parameter.
- an unmanned aerial vehicle including: a power system for providing mobile power for the unmanned aerial vehicle; a photographing device for photographing images; and the image processing device as described in the third aspect, which is used for The image to be encoded is processed.
- a computer-readable medium stores program code for execution by an encoder, and the program code includes instructions for executing the method in the first aspect.
- a computer program product containing instructions which when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method in the first aspect.
- the minimum quantization parameter of the previously encoded image is determined so that each macroblock in the current image to be encoded is encoded
- the quantization parameter at time is greater than or equal to the first minimum quantization parameter.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is an example diagram of source and channel changes.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of an image processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an encoded historical image provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an image processing apparatus 500 provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the unmanned aerial vehicle 100 may include an unmanned aerial vehicle 101 and a control terminal 102, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle may be any unmanned control robot, for example, the unmanned aerial vehicle may include an unmanned aerial vehicle, an unmanned vehicle, an unmanned ship, etc.
- the UAV 101 is used as an unmanned aerial vehicle to illustrate the suitability.
- the drone 101 may include a drone body 103 and a photographing device 105.
- the drone 101 may also include a pan/tilt 104, and the photographing device 105 is carried on the drone through the pan/tilt 104. ⁇ 103 ⁇ The main body 103.
- the drone body 103 may include a power system, such as a plurality of rotors and a rotor motor that drives the rotors to rotate, thereby providing the power required for the movement of the drone 101.
- the imaging device 105 is mounted on the drone body 103 via the pan/tilt 104.
- the photographing device 105 can be used for image or video shooting during the movement of the drone 101.
- the photographing device 105 includes, but is not limited to, a multispectral imager, a hyperspectral imager, a visible light camera, an infrared camera, and the like.
- the pan/tilt 104 may be a multi-axis transmission and stabilization system, for example, may include multiple rotating shafts and pan/tilt motors.
- the pan/tilt motor compensates the shooting angle of the shooting device 105 by adjusting the rotation angle of the rotating shaft, and prevents or reduces the shaking of the shooting device 105 by setting an appropriate buffer mechanism.
- the control terminal 102 may communicate with the drone 101 to realize data interaction with the drone 101, such as controlling the movement of the drone 101 and controlling the photographing device 105. Further, the communication between the control terminal 102 and the drone 101 may be wireless communication. In some embodiments, direct communication or indirect communication may be provided between the drone 101 and the control terminal 102.
- control terminal 102 may include, but are not limited to: smart phones/mobile phones, tablet computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptop computers, desktop computers, media content players, video game stations/systems, virtual reality System, augmented reality system, wearable device (e.g., watch, glasses, gloves, headwear (e.g., hat, helmet, virtual reality headset, augmented reality headset, head mount device, HMD) , Headband) etc.
- PDAs personal digital assistants
- laptop computers desktop computers
- media content players e.g., video game stations/systems
- virtual reality System augmented reality system
- wearable device e.g., watch, glasses, gloves, headwear (e.g., hat, helmet, virtual reality headset, augmented reality headset, head mount device, HMD) , Headband) etc.
- the image processing device (not shown) on the drone 101 can encode the image data to obtain encoded image data.
- the encoded image data is then sent to the control terminal 102, and the control terminal 102 decodes the encoded image data after receiving the encoded image data, and can display the decoded image data on its configured display device or interactive interface.
- the information source and/or channel will also change in real time.
- Figure 2 includes scenario one and scenario two.
- scenario one the bandwidth of the channel between the sender and the receiver remains stable.
- the size of the corresponding code stream data after one frame of image is encoded will change.
- the camera at the sending end suddenly moves, or objects within the camera’s shooting range suddenly move quickly.
- the camera’s subject is a blue sky
- the camera suddenly turns to shoot at Colorful hot air balloons flying in the sky.
- the camera's subject is a scene with simple details.
- the camera suddenly turns to shoot a scene with complex textures of grass and branches.
- the size of the code stream data corresponding to the encoding of frame 4 will be greater than the size of the code stream data corresponding to the encoding of frame 3, that is, the information source changes suddenly.
- the size of the code stream data corresponding to each frame of image remains basically stable, that is, the information source remains stable.
- the channel bandwidth corresponding to frame 4 suddenly drops to half of the channel bandwidth corresponding to frame 3.
- the UAV suddenly approached a nearby wireless communication base station.
- the wireless communication base station will affect the transmission channel of the UAV, which causes the channel to change.
- the source of the image and/or the channel for transmitting the image will also change in real time, which may occur in the image
- the target bit rate of the image is quickly consumed.
- this will cause the encoding quality of the latter part of the image to drop sharply, and the decoded image will appear
- a large number of mosaic phenomena cause partial distortion of the image and uneven image quality.
- the minimum quantization parameter QP of the current image to be encoded can be determined according to the encoding quality of the encoded historical image, so as to avoid poor image quality of the encoded image.
- the condition of equalization makes the image quality of the currently encoded image of the image to be encoded uniform.
- Fig. 3 is an image processing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method may include steps 310-320, and steps 310-320 will be described in detail below.
- Step 310 Obtain a quantization parameter feature value corresponding to each image block of the multiple image blocks in the encoded historical image.
- the image processing method may be executed by an image processing device, and specifically, the method may be executed by one or more processors of the image processing device.
- the image processing device may be the image processing device installed on the drone as described above.
- the image processing device may obtain the quantization parameter feature value corresponding to each of the multiple image blocks in the encoded historical image, and the quantization parameter feature value of each image block is based on one or more of the image blocks.
- the quantization parameter of the macroblock is determined.
- the characteristic value of the quantization characteristic parameter may be any parameter that characterizes the characteristic of the quantization parameter.
- the characteristic value of the quantization parameter may be the quantization parameter of a plurality of macroblocks included in the image block.
- the obtained parameter for example, the quantization parameter characteristic value may be the average value of multiple quantization parameters; in some embodiments, the quantization parameter characteristic value may be the target macroblock in one or more macroblocks included in the image block.
- the quantization parameter for example, the quantization parameter feature value may be a median value among the quantization parameters of multiple macroblocks.
- the historical image can be the previous frame or the previous few frames of the current image to be encoded.
- the number of image blocks in an image is not specifically limited, and the number may be greater than or equal to 2.
- the number of image blocks may be equal to 3 or may also be greater than 3.
- Each image block may include one or more macro blocks, where the macro block described here may be the smallest coding unit in the image. Further, the image block includes one or more macroblock rows, wherein the macroblock row includes multiple macroblocks.
- the quantization parameter characteristic value corresponding to each image block can be determined according to the quantization parameter QP of one or more macro blocks in the image block.
- the image can be The average value or the median value of the quantization parameter QP of one or more macroblocks in the block is determined as the characteristic value of the quantization parameter corresponding to the image block.
- the macroblock row includes multiple macroblocks, and the quantization parameter of each macroblock included in the macroblock row is the same.
- the quantization parameter characteristic value corresponding to each image block may be determined according to the quantization parameter QP of one or more macroblock rows in the image block. For example, the average value or the median value of the quantization parameter QP of one or more macroblock rows in the image block may be determined as the quantization parameter characteristic value corresponding to the image block.
- the encoded historical image may include 3 image blocks, which are image block 401, image block 402, and image block 403, respectively.
- Image block 401 may include 2 macroblock rows—macroblock row 4011 and macroblock row 4012.
- the macroblock row 4011 and the macroblock row 4012 each include 6 macroblocks.
- the 6 macroblocks included in the macroblock row 4011 are coded with the same quantization parameters.
- the 6 macroblocks included in the macroblock row 4012 are coded with the same quantization parameters. If the parameters are the same, the characteristic value of the quantization parameter of the image block 401 can be determined according to the quantization parameter QP of the macroblock row 4011 and the macroblock row 4012.
- the quantization parameter characteristic value of the image block 402 can be determined according to the quantization parameter QP of the macroblock line 4021 and the macroblock line 4022, and the quantization parameter characteristic value of the image block 403 can be determined according to the quantization of the macroblock line 4031 and the macroblock line 4032.
- the parameter QP is determined.
- the average value or median value of the quantization parameter QP of one or more macroblocks in the image block is an integer, or the average value of the quantization parameter QP of one or more macroblock rows in the image block or The median value is an integer.
- Step 320 When the encoding quality of the multiple image blocks determined according to the quantization parameter characteristic values corresponding to the multiple image blocks meets a preset degradation condition, determine the first minimum quantization parameter of the image to be encoded.
- the encoding quality of the encoded historical image can be judged according to the quantization parameter characteristic values of the multiple image blocks acquired in step 310. It is determined that the encoding quality of the multiple image blocks in the encoded historical image meets the predetermined requirements.
- the first minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded can be determined, and the current image to be encoded can be encoded according to the determined first minimum quantization parameter.
- the quantization parameter of each macroblock in the current image to be encoded during encoding is greater than or equal to the first minimum quantization parameter.
- the image processing device determines the quantization parameter QP of each macroblock in the current image to be encoded, and when it is determined that the quantization parameter QP is less than the first minimum quantization parameter, the quantization parameter QP The parameter QP is adjusted to the first minimum quantization parameter, that is, when the quantization parameter QP of the macro block is smaller than the first minimum quantization parameter, the image processing apparatus encodes the macro block during encoding according to the first minimum quantization parameter.
- the quantization of the second image block when the difference between the quantization parameter feature values of the second image block and the first image block in the multiple image blocks in the encoded historical image is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the quantization of the second image block When the difference between the parameter feature value minus the quantization parameter feature value of the first image block is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, it can be determined that the coding quality of multiple image blocks in the coded historical image meets the preset degradation condition. Otherwise, it is determined that the encoding quality of multiple image blocks in the encoded historical image does not meet the preset degradation condition.
- the first image block and the second image block can be any two image blocks in the multiple image blocks, or can be a specific image block among the multiple image blocks, for example, the first image block can be the earliest image block among the multiple image blocks.
- the encoded image block, the second image block may be the latest image block encoded among the multiple image blocks. It can be understood that the encoding of the first image block is earlier than that of the second image block.
- the encoded historical image includes 3 image blocks, which are image block 401, image block 402, and image block 403, respectively.
- the quantization parameter feature value corresponding to the image block 401 is QP 1
- the quantization parameter feature value corresponding to the image block 402 is QP 2
- the quantization parameter feature value corresponding to the image block 403 is QP 3 .
- the quantization parameter feature value corresponding to the image block 401 is QP 1
- the quantization parameter feature value corresponding to the image block 402 is QP 2
- the quantization parameter feature value corresponding to the image block 403 is QP 2.
- the difference between the quantization parameters corresponding to any two image blocks When the value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, it is determined that the encoding quality of multiple image blocks in the encoded historical image meets the preset degradation condition, that is, QP 2 -QP 1 > ⁇ , QP 3 -QP 2 > ⁇ , or QP 3 -QP When 1 > ⁇ , it is determined that the encoding quality of multiple image blocks in the encoded historical image meets the preset degradation condition; otherwise, it is determined that the encoding quality of multiple image blocks in the encoded historical image does not meet the preset degradation condition.
- the preset degradation condition that is, QP 2 -QP 1 > ⁇ , QP 3 -QP 2 > ⁇ , or QP 3 -QP
- the difference between the quantization parameter characteristic values of every two adjacent image blocks in the multiple images is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, it is determined that the coding quality of the multiple image blocks meets the preset Decrease condition, otherwise, it is determined that the coding quality of the multiple image blocks does not meet the preset decline condition.
- the quantization parameter characteristic value corresponding to the image block 401 is QP 1
- the quantization parameter characteristic value corresponding to the image block 402 is QP 2
- the quantization parameter characteristic value corresponding to the image block 403 is QP 2.
- the first minimum quantization parameter determined when the encoding quality of multiple image blocks of the encoded historical image meets the preset condition there are multiple implementations of the first minimum quantization parameter determined when the encoding quality of multiple image blocks of the encoded historical image meets the preset condition.
- the first minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded may be determined according to the quantization parameter characteristic values of multiple image blocks in the encoded historical image.
- the average or median value of the quantization parameter feature values of the multiple image blocks may be determined according to the quantization parameter feature values of the multiple image blocks.
- the first minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded is determined according to the average value or the median value. For example, the average value or the median value may be used as the first minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded.
- the average or median value of the quantization parameter feature values of the multiple image blocks is an integer.
- the historical image includes 3 image blocks, which are the first image block, the second image block, and the third image block in sequence. Each image block has N/3 macroblock rows.
- the characteristic value of the quantization parameter corresponding to the first image block is The characteristic value of the quantization parameter corresponding to the second image block is The characteristic value of the quantization parameter corresponding to the third image block is
- the first minimum quantization parameter may also be determined according to the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter.
- the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter may be a preset value.
- the first minimum quantization parameter initial value may also be determined according to the average value or the median value of the quantization parameter feature values of multiple image blocks. For example, the average value of the quantization parameter feature values of multiple image blocks or The result of subtracting a preset value (for example, 5 or 6) from the median value is used as the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter.
- the first minimum quantization parameter may be determined according to the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter.
- the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter may be directly determined as the first minimum quantization parameter.
- the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter may be calculated to obtain the first minimum quantization parameter. .
- the first candidate minimum quantization parameter and the second candidate minimum quantization parameter may also be determined, and one of the first candidate minimum quantization parameter and the second candidate minimum quantization parameter may be selected as the current image to be encoded The first minimum quantization parameter. In some embodiments, the larger one of the first candidate minimum quantization parameter and the second candidate minimum quantization parameter is selected as the first minimum quantization parameter.
- the average value or the median value of the quantization parameter characteristic values of the multiple image blocks may be determined as the first candidate minimum quantization parameter.
- the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter as described above may be used as the second candidate minimum quantization parameter.
- the first minimum quantization parameter may be determined by the following formula:
- QP min max((QP avg +QP 1 +1)/2, QP min1 )
- QP min represents the first minimum quantization parameter
- QP avg represents the average value of quantization parameter feature values of multiple image blocks
- QP 1 represents the feature value of the quantization parameter corresponding to the earliest encoded image block among multiple image blocks
- QP min1 represents the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter.
- the minimum quantization parameter of the encoded historical image is greater than the current to-be-encoded
- the second minimum quantization parameter can be determined, and the current image to be coded can be coded according to the second minimum quantization parameter.
- the encoded historical image includes 3 image blocks, which are image block 401, image block 402, and image block 403 respectively.
- the quantization parameter feature value corresponding to the image block 401 is QP 1
- the quantization parameter feature value corresponding to the image block 402 is QP 2
- the quantization parameter feature value corresponding to the image block 403 is QP 2.
- the difference between the quantization parameters corresponding to any two image blocks When the values are less than the preset threshold, and the minimum quantization parameter in the encoded historical image is greater than the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded, it can be determined that the encoding quality of multiple image blocks in the encoded historical image is not satisfied Preset falling conditions.
- the image processing device determines the quantization parameter QP of each macroblock in the current image to be encoded, and when it is determined that the quantization parameter QP is less than the second minimum quantization parameter, quantize the The parameter QP is adjusted to the second minimum quantization parameter, that is, when the quantization parameter QP of the macro block is smaller than the second minimum quantization parameter, the image processing device encodes the macro block during encoding according to the second minimum quantization parameter.
- the encoding quality of multiple image blocks of the encoded historical image does not meet the preset degradation condition and the minimum quantization parameter of the encoded historical image is greater than the first minimum quantization of the current image to be encoded
- the second minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be coded may be determined according to the minimum quantization parameter in the coded historical image.
- the second minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded may be determined according to the minimum quantization parameter of the historical image that has been encoded in the previous frame of the current image to be encoded.
- the second minimum quantization parameter may also be determined according to the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter.
- the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter may be a preset value. It may also be determined based on the average value or the median value of the quantization parameter characteristic values of multiple image blocks. For details, please refer to the description in the foregoing implementation of determining the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter, which is not repeated here.
- the third candidate minimum quantization parameter and the fourth candidate minimum quantization parameter may also be determined, and one of the third candidate minimum quantization parameter and the fourth candidate minimum quantization parameter may be selected as the current image to be encoded The second smallest quantization parameter. In some embodiments, the larger one of the third candidate minimum quantization parameter and the fourth candidate minimum quantization parameter is selected as the second minimum quantization parameter.
- the smallest quantization parameter in the encoded historical image may be determined as the third candidate smallest quantization parameter.
- the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter as described above may be used as the fourth candidate minimum quantization parameter.
- the second minimum quantization parameter may be determined by the following formula:
- QP min represents the second smallest quantization parameter
- QP min2 represents the minimum quantization parameter of multiple image blocks in the encoded historical image
- QP min1 represents the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter.
- QP min is used as the minimum constraint value of the quantization parameter QP of the macroblock-level rate control algorithm to limit the encoding quantization parameter QP of the entire image to be encoded.
- the minimum coding quantization parameter QP is limited when the next frame of image is coded. Appropriately reduce the image quality of some areas of the image, and use the saved bits to improve the encoding quality of the remaining part, so that the overall image quality is relatively average. Once this trend occurs, it can quickly converge, and there will be no longer a long period of time for the large number of mosaics caused by insufficient coding bits in the bottom area of the image.
- the embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer storage medium in which program instructions are stored, and the program execution may include part or all of the steps of the above image processing method.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an image processing apparatus 500 provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the image processing apparatus 500 may include: a memory 510, a processor 520, and an input/output interface 530.
- the memory 510, the processor 520, and the input/output interface 530 are connected through an internal connection path.
- the memory 510 is used to store program instructions
- the processor 520 is used to execute the program instructions stored in the memory 510 to control the input/output interface.
- 530 receives input data and information, and outputs data such as operation results.
- the processor 520 may adopt a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), Application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
- the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
- the processor 520 adopts one or more integrated circuits to execute related programs to implement the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention.
- the memory 510 may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor 520.
- a part of the processor 520 may also include a non-volatile random access memory.
- the processor 520 may also store device type information.
- the memory 510 is used to store program codes, and the processor 520 is configured to execute the program instructions.
- the program instructions are executed, they are used to: obtain each of the multiple image blocks in the encoded historical image The feature value of the quantization parameter corresponding to the image block, wherein each image block includes a plurality of macroblocks, and the feature value of the quantization parameter of each image block is based on one or more macroblocks in the image block.
- the quantization parameter of the block is determined; when the encoding quality of the plurality of image blocks determined according to the quantization parameter characteristic values corresponding to the plurality of image blocks meets a preset degradation condition, the first minimum quantization of the current image to be encoded is determined Parameters, where the quantization parameter of each macroblock in the current image to be encoded during encoding is greater than or equal to the first minimum quantization parameter.
- the image block includes one or more macroblock rows, wherein the macroblock row includes multiple macroblocks, and the quantization parameter of each macroblock in the macroblock row is the same
- the characteristic value of the quantization parameter of each image block is determined according to the quantization parameter of one or more macroblock rows in the image block.
- the characteristic value of the quantization parameter corresponding to each image block is an average value or a median value of the quantization parameters of multiple macroblocks included in the image block.
- the number of the plurality of image blocks is greater than or equal to three.
- the processor 520 is specifically configured to: when determining whether the encoding quality of the multiple image blocks meets a preset degradation condition according to the quantization parameter characteristic values corresponding to the multiple image blocks, the processor 520 is specifically configured to: When the difference between the quantization parameter feature value of the second image block in the multiple images and the quantization parameter feature value of the first image block is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, it is determined that the coding quality of the multiple image blocks meets the preset Otherwise, it is determined that the coding quality of the multiple image blocks does not meet the preset decline condition.
- the processor 520 when the processor 520 determines the first minimum quantization parameter of the currently to-be-encoded image, it is specifically configured to: determine the current to-be-encoded quantization parameter characteristic value according to the quantization parameter characteristic values of the multiple image blocks. The first minimum quantization parameter of the encoded image.
- the processor 520 when the processor 520 determines the first minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded according to the quantization parameter characteristic values of the multiple image blocks, it is specifically configured to:
- the quantization parameter feature values of the multiple image blocks determine the average value or the median value of the quantization parameter feature values of the multiple image blocks; determine the first minimum quantization of the current image to be encoded according to the average value or the median value parameter.
- the processor 520 when the processor 520 determines the first minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded, it is specifically configured to: determine the first minimum quantization parameter initial value of the current image to be encoded; The initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter determines the first minimum quantization parameter.
- the processor 520 when the processor 520 determines the first minimum quantization parameter of the currently to-be-encoded image, it is specifically configured to: determine the first candidate minimum quantization parameter and the second candidate minimum quantization parameter, Select one from the first candidate minimum quantization parameter and the second candidate minimum quantization parameter as the first minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded.
- the first candidate minimum quantization parameter is determined according to an average value or a median value of the quantization parameter feature values of the multiple image blocks.
- the second candidate minimum quantization parameter is determined according to the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter.
- the processor 520 selects one of the first candidate minimum quantization parameter and the second candidate minimum quantization parameter as the first minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded , Specifically used for: selecting the larger one from the first candidate minimum quantization parameter and the second candidate minimum quantization parameter as the first minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded.
- the processor 520 is further configured to: determine the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter of the currently to-be-encoded image; when the encoding quality of the multiple image blocks does not meet the predetermined When the set down condition is set and the minimum quantization parameter of the encoded historical image is greater than the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded, the second minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded is determined, wherein The quantization parameter of each macroblock in the image during encoding is greater than or equal to the second minimum quantization parameter.
- the processor 520 when the processor 520 determines the second minimum quantization parameter of the currently to-be-encoded image, it is specifically configured to: determine the minimum quantization parameter in the encoded historical image; The smallest quantization parameter in the encoded historical image determines the second smallest quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded.
- the processor 520 when the processor 520 determines the second minimum quantization parameter of the currently to-be-encoded image, it is specifically configured to: determine the second minimum quantization parameter according to the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter. Minimum quantization parameter.
- the processor 520 when the processor 520 determines the second minimum quantization parameter of the currently to-be-encoded image, it is specifically configured to: determine a third candidate minimum quantization parameter and a fourth candidate minimum quantization parameter. Parameter, selecting one from the third candidate minimum quantization parameter and the fourth candidate minimum quantization parameter as the second minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded.
- the third candidate minimum quantization parameter is determined according to the minimum quantization parameter in the encoded historical image.
- the fourth candidate minimum quantization parameter is determined according to the initial value of the first minimum quantization parameter.
- the processor 520 is specifically configured to select one of the third candidate minimum quantization parameter and the fourth candidate minimum quantization parameter as the second minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded. : Select the larger one from the third candidate minimum quantization parameter and the fourth candidate minimum quantization parameter as the second minimum quantization parameter of the current image to be encoded.
- the steps of the foregoing method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 520 or instructions in the form of software.
- the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly embodied as executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
- the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers.
- the storage medium is located in the memory 510, and the processor 520 reads the information in the memory 510, and completes the steps of the foregoing method in combination with its hardware. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.
- the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
- the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
- the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
- the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center integrated with one or more available media.
- the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a digital video disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.
- the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
- the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
- the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
- the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
- the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
- each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
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Abstract
提供了一种图像处理的方法、装置和无人机,该方法包括:获取已编码的历史图像中多个图像块中每一个图像块对应的量化参数特征值,其中,所述每一个图像块中包括多个宏块,其中,所述每一个图像块的量化参数特征值是根据所述图像块中的一个或多个宏块的量化参数确定的;当根据所述多个图像块对应的量化参数特征值确定的所述多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件时,确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数,其中,当前待编码图像中每一个宏块在编码时的量化参数大于或等于所述第一最小量化参数。这样使得图像的编码图像的画质均匀。
Description
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本发明实施例涉及图像处理领域,并且更具体地,涉及一种图像处理的方法、装置和无人机。
目前图像编码的码率控制算法可以分为两类:一类是帧级的码率控制,即以一帧图像为控制精度,一帧图像内所有的宏块编码采用的量化参数QP为同一值;另一类为宏块级的码率控制,即以一个或者一组宏块为控制单位,每一个控制单元编码时采用的量化参数QP可以各不相同。
然而,在实际运用上述宏块级的码率控制算法对图像进行编码的过程中,由于图像对应的信源和/或传输所述图像的信道也会发生实时变化,可能会出现在对图像的前一部分进行编码时,该图像的目标码率被快速消耗,为了保证图像的实际码率与所述目标码率匹配,这样会导致图像的后一部分的编码质量急剧下降,解码后的图像会出现大量的马赛克现象,使得图像部分失真和图像画质不均衡。
发明内容
本发明提供一种图像处理的方法,使得编码图像的画质更加均匀。
第一方面,提供了一种图像处理的方法,包括:获取已编码的历史图像中多个图像块中每一个图像块对应的量化参数特征值,其中,所述每一个图像块中包括多个宏块,其中,所述每一个图像块的量化参数特征值是根据所述图像块中的一个或多个宏块的量化参数确定的;当根据所述多个图像块对应的量化参数特征值确定的所述多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件时,确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数,其中,当前待编码图像中 每一个宏块在编码时的量化参数大于或等于所述第一最小量化参数。
第二方面,提供一种图像处理的装置,包括:获取模块,用于获取已编码的历史图像中多个图像块中每一个图像块对应的量化参数特征值;确定模块,用于当根据所述多个图像块对应的量化参数特征值确定的所述多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件时,确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
第三方面,提供一种用于图像处理的装置,包括存储器和处理器,所述存储器用于存储程序代码,所述处理器通过执行所述程序代码执行以下操作:获取已编码的历史图像中多个图像块中每一个图像块对应的量化参数特征值,其中,所述每一个图像块中包括多个宏块,其中,所述每一个图像块的量化参数特征值是根据所述图像块中的一个或多个宏块的量化参数确定的;当根据所述多个图像块对应的量化参数特征值确定的所述多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件时,确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数,其中,当前待编码图像中每一个宏块在编码时的量化参数大于或等于所述第一最小量化参数。
第四方面,提供一种无人机,包括:动力系统,用于为无人机提供移动动力;拍摄设备,用于拍摄图像;如第三方面所述的图像处理的装置,用于对所述待编码图像进行处理。
第五方面,提供一种计算机可读介质,所述计算机可读介质存储用于编码器执行的程序代码,所述程序代码包括用于执行第一方面中的方法的指令。
第六方面,提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品,当其在计算机上运行时,使得计算机执行上述第一方面中的方法。
本发明实施例在确定已编码的历史图像的多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件的情况下,确定前编码图像的最小量化参数,使得当前待编码图像中每一个宏块在编码时的量化参数大于或等于所述第一最小量化参数。通过这种限制当前待编码图像中宏块编码时的量化参数的方式,使得图像的编码图像的画质均匀,避免为了追求码率的精准度而导致的编码图像的画质不均衡。
图1是根据本发明实施例的无人机系统100的示意图。
图2是信源和信道变化的示例图。
图3是本发明实施例提供的一种图像处理的方法示意性流程图。
图4是本发明实施例提供的一种已编码的历史图像的示意图。
图5是本发明实施例提供的一种图像处理装置500的示意性结构图。
下面将结合附图,对本发明中的技术方案进行描述。
如图1所示,图1是根据本发明实施例的无人机系统100的示意图。无人机系统100可以包括无人机101和控制终端102,其中,无人机可以任何无人控制机器人,例如,所述无人机可以包括无人飞行器、无人车、无人船等等,这里以无人机101为无人飞行器来进行适宜性说明。其中无人机101可以包括无人机主体103和拍摄设备105,在某些实施例中,无人机101还可以包括云台104,拍摄设备105通过所述云台104承载在所述无人机主体103上。在本实施例中,无人机主体103可以包括动力系统,例如多个旋翼以及驱动旋翼转动的旋翼电机,由此提供无人机101移动所需动力。拍摄设备105通过云台104搭载于无人机主体103上。拍摄设备105可用于在无人机101的移动过程中进行图像或视频拍摄,拍摄设备105包括但不限于多光谱成像仪、高光谱成像仪、可见光相机及红外相机等。云台104可以为多轴传动及增稳系统,例如可以包括多个转动轴和云台电机。云台电机通过调整转动轴的转动角度来对拍摄设备105的拍摄角度进行补偿,并通过设置适当的缓冲机构来防止或减小拍摄设备105的抖动。
控制终端102可以与无人机101进行通信,以实现与无人机101的数据交互,例如对无人机101的移动控制、对拍摄设备105的控制。进一步地,控制终端102与无人机101之间的通信可以是无线通信。在一些实施例中,可以在无人机101和控制终端102之间提供直接通信或间接通信。
控制终端102的实例可以包括但不限于:智能电话/手机、平板电脑、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant,PDA)、膝上计算机、台式计算机、媒体内容播放器、视频游戏站/系统、虚拟现实系统、增强现实系统、可穿戴式装置(例如,手表、眼镜、手套、头饰(例如,帽子、头盔、虚拟现实头戴耳机、增强现实头戴耳机、头装式装置(head mount device,HMD)、头带)等。
拍摄设备105在拍摄到图像数据之后,无人机101上的图像处理装置(未示出)可以对图像数据进行编码,得到编码图像数据。然后将编码图像数据发送给控制终端102,控制终端102在接收到编码图像数据以后进行解码,并可以将解码后的图像数据显示在其配置的显示装置或者交互界面上。
然而,在图像传输的过程中,由于拍摄场景的变化,信源和/或信道也会发生实时变化,下面先结合图2,分别以信源变化和信道变化为例进行描述。
图2包括场景一和场景二,在场景一中,发送端和接收端之间的信道的带宽保持稳定。在利用该信道传输图像数据的过程中,在一些情况下,一帧图像编码后对应的码流数据大小会发生变化。作为一个示例,假设发送端的相机突然运动,或者相机拍摄范围内的物体突然快速移动,例如,在某一时刻,相机的拍摄对象是蓝色的天空,在下一时刻时,相机突然转向去拍摄在天空中飞行的五颜六色的热气球。又如,在某一时刻,相机的拍摄对象是细节简单的场景,在下一时刻时,相机突然转向去拍摄草地和树枝纹理细节复杂的场景。此时,将会导致帧4编码后对应的码流数据大小大于帧3编码后对应的码流数据大小,即信源发生突然的变化。
在场景二中,每帧图像对应的码流数据大小基本保持稳定,即信源保持稳定。在传输图像数据的过程中,假设帧4对应的信道带宽突然降为帧3对应的信道带宽的一半,例如携带拍摄设备的无人机在对拍摄对象进行拍摄时,拍摄对象基本不变,然而在移动的过程中,无人机突然靠近了附近的无线通讯基站,此时无线通讯基站会对无人机的传输信道产生影响,即导致信道发生变化。
然而,在实际运用上述宏块级的码率控制算法对图像进行编码的过程中,由于图像对应的信源和/或传输所述图像的信道也会发生实时变化,可能会出现在对图像的前一部分进行编码时,该图像的目标码率被快速消耗,为了保证图像的实际码率与所述目标码率匹配,这样会导致图像的后一部分的编码质量急剧下降,解码后的图像会出现大量的马赛克现象,使得图像部分失真和图像画质不均衡。
下面结合图3,详细描述本发明实施例提供的一种图像处理的方法,可以根据已编码的历史图像的编码质量确定当前待编码图像的最小量化参数QP,从而以避免编码图像出现画质不均衡的情况,使得当前待编码图像的编码图像的画质均匀。
图3是本发明实施例提供的一种图像处理的方法,该方法可以包括步骤310-320,下面分别对步骤310-320进行详细描述。
步骤310:获取已编码的历史图像中多个图像块中每一个图像块对应的量化参数特征值。
具体地,所述图像处理方法可以由图像处理装置来执行,具体地,所述方法可以由图像处理装置的一个或多个处理器来执行。其中,所述图像处理装置可以为如前所述的设置在无人机上图像处理装置。图像处理装置可以获取已编码的历史图像中多个图像块中每一个图像块对应的量化参数特征值,所述每一个图像块的量化参数特征值是根据所述图像块中的一个或多个宏块的量化参数确定的。其中,所述量化特征参数特征值可以是任何表征量化参数的特征的参数,例如,在某些实施例中,所述量化参数特征值可以是图像块包括的多个宏块的量化参数经过运算得到的参数,例如,所述量化参数特征值可以是多个量化参数的平均值;在某些实施例中,量化参数特征值可以是图像块包括的一个或多个宏块中目标宏块的量化参数,例如,所述量化参数特征值可以是多个宏块的量化参数中的中位值。历史图像可以当前待编码图像的前一帧或者前几帧图像。
本发明实施例中对图像中的图像块个数不做具体限定,该数量可以大于或等于2,例如,所述图像块的个数可以等于3或者还可以大于3。
每一个图像块中可以包括一个或多个宏块,其中,这里所述的宏块可以是图像中最小的编码单元。进一步地,所述图像块包括一个或者多个宏块行,其中,所述宏块行包括多个宏块。
以图像块中包括一个或多个宏块为例,每一个图像块对应的量化参数特征值可以是根据该图像块中的一个或多个宏块的量化参数QP确定的,例如,可以将图像块中的一个或多个宏块的量化参数QP的平均值或者中位值确定为所述该图像块对应的量化参数特征值。
进一步地,以图像块中包括一个或多个宏块行为例,所述宏块行中包括多个宏块,宏块行中包括的每一个宏块的量化参数相同。每一个图像块对应的量化参数特征值可以是根据该图像块中的一个或多个宏块行的量化参数QP确定的。例如,可以将图像块中的一个或多个宏块行的量化参数QP的平均值或者中位值确定为所述该图像块对应的量化参数特征值。参见图4,已编码的历史图像可以包括3个图像块,分别是图像块401、图像块402和 图像块403,图像块401可以包括2个宏块行-宏块行4011和宏块行4012,宏块行4011和宏块行4012各自包括6个宏块,宏块行4011中包括的6个宏块编码时采用的量化参数相同,宏块行4012中包括的6个宏块编码时采用的量化参数相同,则图像块401的量化参数特征值可以根据宏块行4011和宏块行4012的量化参数QP确定。同理地,则图像块402的量化参数特征值可以根据宏块行4021和宏块行4022的量化参数QP确定,则图像块403的量化参数特征值可以根据宏块行4031和宏块行4032的量化参数QP确定。
需要说明的是,上述图像块中的一个或多个宏块的量化参数QP的平均值或者中位值为整数,或者图像块中的一个或多个宏块行的量化参数QP的平均值或者中位值为整数。
步骤320:当根据所述多个图像块对应的量化参数特征值确定的所述多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件时,确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
本发明实施例中可以根据步骤310中获取的多个图像块的量化参数特征值对已编码的历史图像的编码质量进行判断,在确定已编码的历史图像中多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件的情况下,可以确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数,并根据确定的第一最小量化参数对当前待编码图像进行编码。在对当前待编码图像进行编码的过程中,当前待编码图像中每一个宏块在编码时的量化参数大于或等于所述第一最小量化参数。通过这种方式,即可以对当前待编码图像中每一个宏块的编码质量进行限制,防止当前待编码图像的某些宏块编码时快速地消耗当前待编码图像的目标码率。在对当前待编码图像进行编码的过程中,所述图像处理装置,确定当前待编码图像中每一个宏块的量化参数QP,当确定该量化参数QP小于第一最小量化参数时,将该量化参数QP调整为第一最小量化参数,也就是说,当宏块的量化参数QP小于第一最小量化参数时,图像处理装置按照所述第一最小量化参数对该宏块在编码时进行编码。
在某些实施例中,已编码的历史图像中多个图像块中的第二图像块和第一图像块的量化参数特征值之差大于或等于预设阈值时,即第二图像块的量化参数特征值减去第一图像块的量化参数特征值所有的差值大于或等于预设阈值时,可以确定已编码的历史图像中多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件。否则,确定已编码的历史图像中多个图像块的编码质量不满足预 设的下降条件。其中,第一图像块和第二图像块可以是多个图像块中任意两个图像块,也可以是多个图像块中特定的图像块,例如第一图像块可以是多个图像块中最早编码的图像块,第二图像块可以是多个图像块中最晚编码的图像块。可以理解的是,第一图像块的编码早于第二图像块。
继续参考图4,已编码的历史图像中包括3个图像块,依次分别为图像块401、图像块402、图像块403。其中,图像块401对应的量化参数特征值为QP
1,图像块402对应的量化参数特征值为QP
2,图像块403对应的量化参数特征值为QP
3。图像块401对应的量化参数特征值为QP
1、图像块402对应的量化参数特征值为QP
2和图像块403对应的量化参数特征值为QP
2任意两个图像块对应的量化参数之间差值大于或等于预设阈值时,确定已编码的历史图像中多个图像块的编码质量满足预设下降条件,即QP
2-QP
1>α、QP
3-QP
2>α或者QP
3-QP
1>α时,确定已编码的历史图像中多个图像块的编码质量满足预设下降条件,否则,确定已编码的历史图像中多个图像块的编码质量不满足预设下降条件。
在某些实施例中,所述多个图像中每两个相邻的图像块的量化参数特征值之差大于或等于预设阈值时,确定所述多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件,否则,确定所述多个图像块的编码质量不满足预设的下降条件。
继续参考图4,图像块401对应的量化参数特征值为QP
1、图像块402对应的量化参数特征值为QP
2和图像块403对应的量化参数特征值为QP
2每两个相邻的图像块对应的量化参数之间差值大于或等于预设阈值时,确定已编码的历史图像中多个图像块的编码质量满足预设下降条件,即QP
2-QP
1>α且QP
3-QP
2>α时,确定已编码的历史图像中多个图像块的编码质量满足预设下降条件,否则,确定已编码的历史图像中多个图像块的编码质量不满足预设下降条件。
本发明实施例中在已编码的历史图像的多个图像块的编码质量满足预设条件时确定的第一最小量化参数的实现方式有多种,下面分别对几种不同的实现方式进行详细描述。
一种可能的实现方式中,可以根据已编码的历史图像中多个图像块的量化参数特征值确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。在某些实施例中,可以根据所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值确定所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值的平均值或者中位值。并根据所述平均值或中位值确定当前待编 码图像的第一最小量化参数,例如,可以将该平均值或者中位值作为所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
需要说明的是,多个图像块的量化参数特征值的平均值或者中位值为整数。
以该平均值作为所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数为例。已编码的历史图像共有N个宏块行,每一个宏块行对应的编码QP分别为QP
i,其中,i=0,1···N-1。该历史图像包括3个图像块,依次分别为第一图像块、第二图像块、第三图像块。每一个图像块有N/3个宏块行。第一图像块对应的量化参数特征值为
第二图像块对应的量化参数特征值为
第三图像块对应的量化参数特征值为
另一种可能的实现方式中,还可以根据第一最小量化参数初始值确定该第一最小量化参数。
本发明实施例中确定第一最小量化参数初始值的实现方式有多种,作为一个示例,第一最小量化参数初始值可以是一个预设值。作为另一个示例,第一最小量化参数初始值还可以根据多个图像块的量化参数特征值的平均值或者中位值确定,例如,可以将多个图像块的量化参数特征值的平均值或者中位值减去一个预设值(例如5或者6)的结果作为该第一最小量化参数初始值。在确定多数第一最小量化参数初始值之后,可以根据第一最小量化参数初始值确定该第一最小量化参数。在某些实施例中,可以将第一最小量化参数初始值直接确定为第一最小量化参数,在某些实施例中,可以对第一最小量化参数初始值进行运算以获取第一最小量化参数。
另一种可能的实现方式中,还可以确定第一备选最小量化参数和第二最小量化参数,并从第一备选最小量化参数和第二备选最小量化参数选中一个作为当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。在某些实施例中,从第一备选最小量化参数和第二备选最小量化参数中选择出较大的一个作为第一最小量化参数。
进一步地,可以将所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值的平均值或者中位值确定为第一备选最小量化参数。在某些实施例中,可以将如前所述的第一最小量化参数初始值作为第二备选最小量化参数。
具体的,一种可能的实现方式中,第一最小量化参数可以通过如下公式确定:
QP
min=max((QP
avg+QP
1+1)/2,QP
min1)
其中,QP
min表示第一最小量化参数;
QP
avg表示多个图像块的量化参数特征值的平均值;
QP
1表示多个图像块中最早编码的图像块对应的量化参数特征值;
QP
min1表示第一最小量化参数初始值。
可选地,在一些实施例中,当已编码的历史图像中多个图像块的编码质量不满足上文所述预设的下降条件,并且已编码的历史图像的最小量化参数大于当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数初始值时,可以确定第二最小量化参数,并可以根据第二最小量化参数对当前待编码图像进行编码。
继续参见图4,已编码的历史图像中包括3个图像块,依次分别为图像块401、图像块402、图像块403。图像块401对应的量化参数特征值为QP
1、图像块402对应的量化参数特征值为QP
2和图像块403对应的量化参数特征值为QP
2任意两个图像块对应的量化参数之间差值均小于预设阈值,并且已编码的历史图像中的最小量化参数大于当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数初始值时,可以确定已编码的历史图像中多个图像块的编码质量不满足预设下降条件。在对当前待编码图像进行编码的过程中,所述图像处理装置,确定当前待编码图像中每一个宏块的量化参数QP,当确定该量化参数QP小于第二最小量化参数时,将该量化参数QP调整为第二最小量化参数,也就是说,当宏块的量化参数QP小于第二最小量化参数时,图像处理装置按照所述第二最小量化参数对该宏块在编码时进行编码。
本发明实施例中在已编码的历史图像的多个图像块的编码质量不满足预设的下降条件且所述已编码的历史图像的最小量化参数大于所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数初始值时,确定第二最小量化参数的实现方式有多种,下面分别对几种不同的实现方式进行详细描述。
一种可能的实现方式中,可以根据已编码的历史图像中的最小量化参数确定所述当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数。作为一个示例,可以根据当前待编码图像的上一帧已编码的历史图像的最小量化参数确定所述当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数。
另一种可能的实现方式中,还可以根据第一最小量化参数初始值确定该第二最小量化参数。
第一最小量化参数初始值可以是一个预设值。还可以是根据多个图像块 的量化参数特征值的平均值或者中位值确定。具体的请参考上文中有关确定第一最小量化参数初始值的实现方式中的描述,此处不再赘述。
另一种可能的实现方式中,还可以确定第三备选最小量化参数和第四最小量化参数,并从第三备选最小量化参数和第四备选最小量化参数选中一个作为当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数。在某些实施例中,从第三备选最小量化参数和第四备选最小量化参数中选择出较大的一个作为第二最小量化参数。
进一步地,可以将已编码的历史图像中的最小量化参数确定为第三备选最小量化参数。在某些实施例中,可以将如前所述的第一最小量化参数初始值作为第四备选最小量化参数。
具体的,一种可能的实现方式中,第二最小量化参数可以通过如下公式确定:
QP
min=max(QP
min2-1,QP
min1)
其中,QP
min表示第二最小量化参数;
QP
min2表示已编码的历史图像中多个图像块的最小量化参数;
QP
min1表示第一最小量化参数初始值。
本发明实施例中,QP
min作为宏块级码率控制算法的量化参数QP最小约束值,来限定整个待编码图像的编码量化参数QP。
由上可知,当图像编码开始发生量化参数QP从小到大的变化趋势(目标比特不够用,开始出现压制图像编码)。一旦超过某一个设定阈值时,在对下一帧图像进行编码时,限定最小编码量化参数QP。适当降低图像中部分区域的画质,将节省出的比特用来提高剩余部分的编码画质,从而整体画质相对平均。而一旦发生这种趋势,能够快速收敛,不会再长时间图像底部区域编码比特不够用出现的大量马赛克现象。
本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质,该计算机存储介质中存储有程序指令,所述程序执行时可包括上文图像处理方法的部分或全部步骤。
上文结合图1-图4,详细描述了本发明实施例的方法实施例,下文结合图5,详细描述本发明的装置实施例,由于装置实施例可以执行上述方法,因此未详细描述的部分可以参见前面各方法实施例。
图5是本发明实施例提供的一种图像处理装置500的示意性结构图。该图像处理装置500可以包括:存储器510、处理器520、输入/输出接口530。
其中,存储器510、处理器520和输入/输出接口530通过内部连接通路相连,该存储器510用于存储程序指令,该处理器520用于执行该存储器510存储的程序指令,以控制输入/输出接口530接收输入的数据和信息,输出操作结果等数据。
应理解,在本发明实施例中,该处理器520可以采用中央处理单元(central processing unit,CPU),该处理器还可以是其它通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor,DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit,ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate Array,FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。或者该处理器520采用一个或多个集成电路,用于执行相关程序,以实现本发明实施例所提供的技术方案。
该存储器510可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器,并向处理器520提供指令和数据。处理器520的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器。例如,处理器520还可以存储设备类型的信息。
所述存储器510用于存储程序代码,所述处理器520被配置为执行所述程序指令,当所述程序指令被执行时,用于:获取已编码的历史图像中多个图像块中每一个图像块对应的量化参数特征值,其中,所述每一个图像块中包括多个宏块,其中,所述每一个图像块的量化参数特征值是根据所述图像块中的一个或多个宏块的量化参数确定的;当根据所述多个图像块对应的量化参数特征值确定的所述多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件时,确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数,其中,当前待编码图像中每一个宏块在编码时的量化参数大于或等于所述第一最小量化参数。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述图像块包括一个或者多个宏块行,其中,所述宏块行包括多个宏块,所述宏块行中每一个宏块的量化参数相同,所述每一个图像块的量化参数特征值是根据所述图像块中的一个或多个宏块行的量化参数确定的。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述每一个图像块对应的量化参数特征值为所述图像块包括的多个宏块的量化参数的平均值或者中位值。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述多个图像块的数量大于或等于3。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述处理器520在根据所述多个图像块对应 的量化参数特征值确定多个图像块的编码质量是否满足预设的下降条件时,具体用于:当所述多个图像中的第二图像块的量化参数特征值与第一图像块的量化参数特征值之差大于或等于预设阈值时,确定所述多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件,否则,确定所述多个图像块的编码质量不满足预设的下降条件。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述处理器520在确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数时,具体用于:根据所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述处理器520在根据所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数时,具体用于:根据所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值确定所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值的平均值或者中位值;根据所述平均值或者中位值确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述处理器520在确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数时,具体用于:确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数初始值;根据所述第一最小量化参数初始值确定所述第一最小量化参数。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述处理器520在确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数时,具体用于:确定第一备选最小量化参数和第二备选最小量化参数,从所述第一备选最小量化参数和所述第二备选最小量化参数选中一个作为当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述第一备选最小量化参数是根据所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值的平均值或者中位值确定的。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述第二备选最小量化参数是根据所述第一最小量化参数初始值确定的。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述处理器520在从所述第一备选最小量化参数和所述第二备选最小量化参数选中一个作为当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数时,具体用于:从所述第一备选最小量化参数和所述第二备选最小量化参数选中较大的一个作为当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述处理器520还用于:确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数初始值;当所述多个图像块的编码质量不满足所述预设的下降条件且所述已编码的历史图像的最小量化参数大于所述当前 待编码图像的第一最小量化参数初始值时,确定当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数,其中,当前待编码图像中每一个宏块在编码时的量化参数大于或等于所述第二最小量化参数。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述处理器520在确定所述当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数时,具体用于:确定所述已编码的历史图像中的最小量化参数;根据所述已编码的历史图像中的最小量化参数确定所述当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述处理器520在确定所述当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数时,具体用于:根据所述第一最小量化参数初始值确定所述第二最小量化参数。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述处理器520在确定所述当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数时,具体用于:确定第三备选最小量化参数和第四备选最小量化参数,从所述第三备选最小量化参数和第四备选最小量化参数选中一个作为当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述第三备选最小量化参数是根据所述已编码的历史图像中的最小量化参数确定的。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述第四备选最小量化参数是根据所述第一最小量化参数初始值确定的。
可选地,在一些实施例中,所述处理器520在从第三备选最小量化参数和第四备选最小量化参数选中一个作为当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数时,具体用于:从所述第三备选最小量化参数和第四备选最小量化参数选中较大的一个作为当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数。
在实现过程中,上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器520中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本发明实施例所公开的方法可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成,或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器,闪存、只读存储器,可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器510,处理器520读取存储器510中的信息,结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。为避免重复,这里不再详细描述。
在上述实施例中,可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其他任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时,可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的 形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时,全部或部分地产生按照本发明实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中,或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输,例如,所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line,DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如,软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如数字视频光盘(digital video disc,DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk,SSD))等。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到,结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤,能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行,取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能,但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
在本发明所提供的几个实施例中,应该理解到,所揭露的系统、装置和方法,可以通过其它的方式实现。例如,以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的,例如,所述单元的划分,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式,例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统,或一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。另一点,所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口,装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接,可以是电性,机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外,在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单 元中。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
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- 一种图像处理的方法,其特征在于,包括:获取已编码的历史图像中多个图像块中每一个图像块对应的量化参数特征值,其中,所述每一个图像块中包括多个宏块,其中,所述每一个图像块的量化参数特征值是根据所述图像块中的一个或多个宏块的量化参数确定的;当根据所述多个图像块对应的量化参数特征值确定的所述多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件时,确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数,其中,当前待编码图像中每一个宏块在编码时的量化参数大于或等于所述第一最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述图像块包括一个或者多个宏块行,其中,所述宏块行包括多个宏块,所述宏块行中每一个宏块的量化参数相同,所述每一个图像块的量化参数特征值是根据所述图像块中的一个或多个宏块行的量化参数确定的。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述每一个图像块对应的量化参数特征值为所述图像块包括的多个宏块的量化参数的平均值或者中位值。
- 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述多个图像块的数量大于或等于3。
- 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述多个图像块对应的量化参数特征值确定多个图像块的编码质量是否满足预设的下降条件,包括:当所述多个图像中的第二图像块的量化参数特征值与第一图像块的量化参数特征值之差大于或等于预设阈值时,确定所述多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件,否则,确定所述多个图像块的编码质量不满足预设的下降条件。
- 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数,包括:根据所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述多个图像 块的量化参数特征值确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数,包括:根据所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值确定所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值的平均值或者中位值;根据所述平均值或者中位值确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数,包括:确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数初始值;根据所述第一最小量化参数初始值确定所述第一最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数,包括:确定第一备选最小量化参数和第二备选最小量化参数,从所述第一备选最小量化参数和所述第二备选最小量化参数选中一个作为当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一备选最小量化参数是根据所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值的平均值或者中位值确定的。
- 根据权利要求9或10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第二备选最小量化参数是根据所述第一最小量化参数初始值确定的。
- 根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述从第一备选最小量化参数和第二备选最小量化参数选中一个作为当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数,包括:从所述第一备选最小量化参数和所述第二备选最小量化参数选中较大的一个作为当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数初始值;当所述多个图像块的编码质量不满足所述预设的下降条件且所述已编码的历史图像的最小量化参数大于所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数初始值时,确定当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数,其中,当前待编码图像中每一个宏块在编码时的量化参数大于或等于所述第二最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定所述当前待 编码图像的第二最小量化参数,包括:确定所述已编码的历史图像中的最小量化参数;根据所述已编码的历史图像中的最小量化参数确定所述当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求13或14所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定所述当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数,包括:根据所述第一最小量化参数初始值确定所述第二最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求13至15中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数,包括:确定第三备选最小量化参数和第四备选最小量化参数,从所述第三备选最小量化参数和第四备选最小量化参数选中一个作为当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第三备选最小量化参数是根据所述已编码的历史图像中的最小量化参数确定的。
- 根据权利要求16或17所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第四备选最小量化参数是根据所述第一最小量化参数初始值确定的。
- 根据权利要求16至18中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述从第三备选最小量化参数和第四备选最小量化参数选中一个作为当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数,包括:从所述第三备选最小量化参数和第四备选最小量化参数选中较大的一个作为当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数。
- 一种图像处理的装置,其特征在于,包括:存储器和处理器,其中,所述存储器,用于存储程序指令;所述处理器,被配置为执行所述程序指令,当所述程序指令被执行时,用于:获取已编码的历史图像中多个图像块中每一个图像块对应的量化参数特征值,其中,所述每一个图像块中包括多个宏块,其中,所述每一个图像块的量化参数特征值是根据所述图像块中的一个或多个宏块的量化参数确定的;当根据所述多个图像块对应的量化参数特征值确定的所述多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件时,确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参 数,其中,当前待编码图像中每一个宏块在编码时的量化参数大于或等于所述第一最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求20所述的装置,其特征在于,所述图像块包括一个或者多个宏块行,其中,所述宏块行包括多个宏块,所述宏块行中每一个宏块的量化参数相同,所述每一个图像块的量化参数特征值是根据所述图像块中的一个或多个宏块行的量化参数确定的。
- 根据权利要求20或21所述的装置,其特征在于,所述每一个图像块对应的量化参数特征值为所述图像块包括的多个宏块的量化参数的平均值或者中位值。
- 根据权利要求20至22中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述多个图像块的数量大于或等于3。
- 根据权利要求20至23中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述处理器在根据所述多个图像块对应的量化参数特征值确定多个图像块的编码质量是否满足预设的下降条件时,具体用于:当所述多个图像中的第二图像块的量化参数特征值与第一图像块的量化参数特征值之差大于或等于预设阈值时,确定所述多个图像块的编码质量满足预设的下降条件,否则,确定所述多个图像块的编码质量不满足预设的下降条件。
- 根据权利要求20至24中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述处理器在确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数时,具体用于:根据所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求25所述的装置,其特征在于,所述处理器在根据所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数时,具体用于:根据所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值确定所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值的平均值或者中位值;根据所述平均值或者中位值确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求20至26中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述处理器在确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数时,具体用于:确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数初始值;根据所述第一最小量化参数初始值确定所述第一最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求20至27中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述处理器在确定当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数时,具体用于:确定第一备选最小量化参数和第二备选最小量化参数,从所述第一备选最小量化参数和所述第二备选最小量化参数选中一个作为当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求28所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一备选最小量化参数是根据所述多个图像块的量化参数特征值的平均值或者中位值确定的。
- 根据权利要求28或29所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第二备选最小量化参数是根据所述第一最小量化参数初始值确定的。
- 根据权利要求28至30中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述处理器在从所述第一备选最小量化参数和所述第二备选最小量化参数选中一个作为当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数时,具体用于:从所述第一备选最小量化参数和所述第二备选最小量化参数选中较大的一个作为当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求20至31中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述处理器还用于:确定所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数初始值;当所述多个图像块的编码质量不满足所述预设的下降条件且所述已编码的历史图像的最小量化参数大于所述当前待编码图像的第一最小量化参数初始值时,确定当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数,其中,当前待编码图像中每一个宏块在编码时的量化参数大于或等于所述第二最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求32所述的装置,其特征在于,所述处理器在确定所述当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数时,具体用于:确定所述已编码的历史图像中的最小量化参数;根据所述已编码的历史图像中的最小量化参数确定所述当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求32或33所述的装置,其特征在于,所述处理器在确定所述当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数时,具体用于:根据所述第一最小量化参数初始值确定所述第二最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求32至34中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述处理器在确定所述当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数时,具体用于:确定第三备选最小量化参数和第四备选最小量化参数,从所述第三备选最小量化参数和第四备选最小量化参数选中一个作为当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数。
- 根据权利要求35所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第三备选最小量化参数是根据所述已编码的历史图像中的最小量化参数确定的。
- 根据权利要求35或36所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第四备选最小量化参数是根据所述第一最小量化参数初始值确定的。
- 根据权利要求35至37任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述处理器在从第三备选最小量化参数和第四备选最小量化参数选中一个作为当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数时,具体用于:从所述第三备选最小量化参数和第四备选最小量化参数选中较大的一个作为当前待编码图像的第二最小量化参数。
- 一种无人机,其特征在于,包括:动力系统,用于为无人机提供移动动力;拍摄设备,用于拍摄图像;如权利要求20至38中任一项所述的图像处理的装置,用于对所述待编码的图像进行处理。
- 根据权利要求39所述的无人机,其特征在于,所述无人机为无人飞行器。
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