WO2020256525A1 - Procédé et dispositif de codage et de décodage d'image sur la base d'un mode de prédiction intra basée sur une matrice, et procédé de transmission de flux binaire - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de codage et de décodage d'image sur la base d'un mode de prédiction intra basée sur une matrice, et procédé de transmission de flux binaire Download PDF

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WO2020256525A1
WO2020256525A1 PCT/KR2020/008086 KR2020008086W WO2020256525A1 WO 2020256525 A1 WO2020256525 A1 WO 2020256525A1 KR 2020008086 W KR2020008086 W KR 2020008086W WO 2020256525 A1 WO2020256525 A1 WO 2020256525A1
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intra prediction
matrix
prediction mode
current block
block
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PCT/KR2020/008086
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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최장원
허진
유선미
최정아
김승환
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엘지전자 주식회사
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/105—Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/11—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode among a plurality of spatial predictive coding modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/119—Adaptive subdivision aspects, e.g. subdivision of a picture into rectangular or non-rectangular coding blocks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/593—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an image encoding/decoding method and apparatus, and more particularly, to an image encoding/decoding method and apparatus using a matrix-based intra prediction mode, and an image encoding method/device of the present disclosure. It relates to a method of transmitting a bitstream generated by.
  • a high-efficiency image compression technique is required for effectively transmitting, storing, and reproducing information of high-resolution and high-quality images.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide an image encoding/decoding method and apparatus with improved encoding/decoding efficiency.
  • an object of the present disclosure is to provide an image encoding/decoding method and apparatus capable of improving encoding/decoding efficiency by reducing the number of MIP modes and matrix data used therein.
  • an object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for transmitting a bitstream generated by an image encoding method or apparatus according to the present disclosure.
  • an object of the present disclosure is to provide a recording medium storing a bitstream generated by an image encoding method or apparatus according to the present disclosure.
  • an object of the present disclosure is to provide a recording medium storing a bitstream that is received and decoded by an image decoding apparatus according to the present disclosure and used for image restoration.
  • An image decoding method performed by an image decoding apparatus includes: obtaining segmentation information of an image from a bitstream; Determining a current block by segmenting the image based on the segmentation information; When matrix-based intra prediction is applied to the current block, selecting a matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block from a predetermined number of matrix-based intra prediction modes based on information on a matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block; And performing prediction of the current block based on the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block.
  • the predetermined number may be determined as a fixed value regardless of the size of the current block.
  • the predetermined number is 11, three of the 11 matrix-based intra prediction modes are included in the MPM list, and the matrix-based intra prediction mode information includes a matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block. Includes information indicating whether the MPM list is included, and when the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is included in the MPM list, the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is based on three matrices included in the MPM list. Further including a first indicator indicating one of the intra prediction modes, and when the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is not included in the MPM list, the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is not included in the MPM list. It may further include a second indicator indicating one of the eight matrix-based intra prediction modes that are not.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode included in the MPM list is derived based on a prediction mode of a neighboring block located around the current block, and when the prediction mode of the neighboring block is a non-matrix-based intra prediction mode, the MPM list Is generated based on a matrix-based intra prediction mode corresponding to the prediction mode of the neighboring block, and the matrix-based intra prediction mode corresponding to the prediction mode of the neighboring block is 11 matrix-based intra prediction modes and 67 non-matrix-based It may be determined based on mapping information between intra prediction modes.
  • the predetermined number is 9, three of the nine matrix-based intra prediction modes are included in the MPM list, and the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is a matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block. Includes information indicating whether the MPM list is included, and when the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is included in the MPM list, the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is based on three matrices included in the MPM list. Further including a first indicator indicating one of the intra prediction modes, and when the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is not included in the MPM list, the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is not included in the MPM list. It may further include a second indicator indicating one of the six matrix-based intra prediction modes that are not.
  • the predetermined number is six, and three of the six matrix-based intra prediction modes are included in the MPM list, and the matrix-based intra prediction mode information includes a matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block. Includes information indicating whether the MPM list is included, and when the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is included in the MPM list, the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is based on three matrices included in the MPM list. Further including a first indicator indicating one of the intra prediction modes, and when the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is not included in the MPM list, the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is not included in the MPM list. It may further include a second indicator indicating one of the three matrix-based intra prediction modes that are not.
  • the predetermined number may be preset for each size of the current block, when the size of the current block is a first block size, the predetermined number may be 6, and when the size of the current block is a second block size , The predetermined number may be eight.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode information indicates whether the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is included in the MPM list.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode information indicates one of three matrix-based intra prediction modes included in the MPM list.
  • a first indicator of the current block and when the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is not included in the MPM list, the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is 5 matrix-based intra prediction modes not included in the MPM list. It may further include a second indicator indicating one of the.
  • the predetermined number is preset for each size of the current block, and the predetermined number has a different value when the size of the current block is a first block size and when the size of the current block is a second block size,
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block may be derived based on the same matrix data.
  • the predetermined number is 35, and when the size of the current block is the second block size, the predetermined number is 19, and the matrix data is 0 to 5 It can be composed of matrix data.
  • the first block size may be smaller than the second block size.
  • the decoding apparatus performing the above-described decoding method is an image decoding apparatus including a memory and at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor obtains image segmentation information from a bitstream, and based on the segmentation information, the When a current block is determined by dividing an image, and when matrix-based intra prediction is applied to the current block, the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is set to a predetermined number of matrices based on the matrix-based intra prediction mode information of the current block. It is possible to select from base intra prediction modes and perform prediction of the current block based on the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block.
  • an image encoding method performed by an encoding apparatus may include determining a current block by dividing the image; Determining a matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block based on a predetermined number of matrix-based intra prediction modes; And encoding the matrix-based intra prediction mode information of the current block based on the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block.
  • a transmission method may transmit a bitstream generated by the image encoding apparatus or image encoding method of the present disclosure.
  • a computer-readable recording medium may store a bitstream generated by the image encoding method or image encoding apparatus of the present disclosure.
  • an image encoding/decoding method and apparatus with improved encoding/decoding efficiency may be provided.
  • a video encoding/decoding method and apparatus for improving encoding/decoding efficiency by reducing the number of MIP modes and matrix data used therein may be provided.
  • a method for transmitting a bitstream generated by an image encoding method or apparatus according to the present disclosure may be provided.
  • a recording medium storing a bitstream generated by an image encoding method or apparatus according to the present disclosure may be provided.
  • a recording medium may be provided that stores a bitstream that is received and decoded by the image decoding apparatus according to the present disclosure and used for image restoration.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a video coding system to which an embodiment according to the present disclosure can be applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating an image encoding apparatus to which an embodiment according to the present disclosure can be applied.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating an image decoding apparatus to which an embodiment according to the present disclosure can be applied.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a slice and tile structure according to an embodiment.
  • 5 to 6 are diagrams for explaining a directional intra prediction mode according to an embodiment.
  • FIG 7 and 8 are reference diagrams for explaining an MIP mode according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a mapping table for mapping a MIP mode to a general intra prediction mode according to an embodiment.
  • 10 to 12 are diagrams illustrating syntax of a coding unit according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a mapping table for mapping a general intra prediction mode to an MIP mode according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an MPM list configured with a predetermined MIP intra prediction mode according to an embodiment.
  • 15 is a flowchart illustrating a method of encoding an intra prediction mode using an MPM list according to an embodiment.
  • 16 is a flowchart illustrating a method of performing decoding by using an MPM list by a decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
  • 17 is a flowchart illustrating a method of generating an MPM list using a mapping method according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a method of generating an MPM list using a mapping method according to another embodiment.
  • mapping tables for MIP modes according to another embodiment.
  • 25 to 28 are flowcharts illustrating a method of generating an MPM list according to an embodiment.
  • 29 to 30 are experimental results showing coding rates of an encoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
  • 31 to 33 are diagrams illustrating a mapping table for an MIP mode according to another embodiment.
  • 35 is a flowchart illustrating a decoding method performed by a decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
  • 36 is a flowchart illustrating an encoding method performed by an encoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 37 is a diagram illustrating a content streaming system to which an embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • a component when a component is said to be “connected”, “coupled” or “connected” with another component, it is not only a direct connection relationship, but an indirect connection relationship in which another component exists in the middle. It can also include.
  • a certain component when a certain component “includes” or “have” another component, it means that other components may be further included rather than excluding other components unless otherwise stated. .
  • first and second are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from other components, and do not limit the order or importance of the components unless otherwise stated. Accordingly, within the scope of the present disclosure, a first component in one embodiment may be referred to as a second component in another embodiment, and similarly, a second component in one embodiment is a first component in another embodiment. It can also be called.
  • components that are distinguished from each other are intended to clearly describe each feature, and do not necessarily mean that the components are separated. That is, a plurality of components may be integrated to be formed in one hardware or software unit, or one component may be distributed in a plurality of hardware or software units. Therefore, even if not stated otherwise, such integrated or distributed embodiments are also included in the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the components described in various embodiments do not necessarily mean essential components, and some may be optional components. Accordingly, an embodiment consisting of a subset of components described in an embodiment is also included in the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, embodiments including other elements in addition to the elements described in the various embodiments are included in the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure relates to encoding and decoding of an image, and terms used in the present disclosure may have a common meaning commonly used in the technical field to which the present disclosure belongs unless newly defined in the present disclosure.
  • a "picture” generally refers to a unit representing one image in a specific time period
  • a slice/tile is a coding unit constituting a part of a picture
  • one picture is one It may be composed of more than one slice/tile.
  • a slice/tile may include one or more coding tree units (CTU).
  • pixel or "pel” may mean a minimum unit constituting one picture (or image).
  • sample may be used as a term corresponding to a pixel.
  • a sample may generally represent a pixel or a value of a pixel, may represent only a pixel/pixel value of a luma component, or may represent only a pixel/pixel value of a chroma component.
  • unit may represent a basic unit of image processing.
  • the unit may include at least one of a specific area of a picture and information related to the corresponding area.
  • the unit may be used interchangeably with terms such as “sample array”, “block”, or “area” depending on the case.
  • the MxN block may include samples (or sample arrays) consisting of M columns and N rows, or a set (or array) of transform coefficients.
  • current block may mean one of “current coding block”, “current coding unit”, “coding object block”, “decoding object block”, or “processing object block”.
  • current block may mean “current prediction block” or “prediction target block”.
  • transformation inverse transformation
  • quantization inverse quantization
  • current block may mean “current transform block” or “transform target block”.
  • filtering is performed, “current block” may mean “block to be filtered”.
  • current block may mean “a luma block of the current block” unless explicitly stated as a chroma block.
  • the "chroma block of the current block” may be expressed by including an explicit description of a chroma block, such as “chroma block” or "current chroma block”.
  • FIG. 1 shows a video coding system according to this disclosure.
  • a video coding system may include an encoding device 10 and a decoding device 20.
  • the encoding device 10 may transmit the encoded video and/or image information or data in a file or streaming format to the decoding device 20 through a digital storage medium or a network.
  • the encoding apparatus 10 may include a video source generator 11, an encoder 12, and a transmission unit 13.
  • the decoding apparatus 20 may include a receiving unit 21, a decoding unit 22, and a rendering unit 23.
  • the encoder 12 may be referred to as a video/image encoder, and the decoder 22 may be referred to as a video/image decoder.
  • the transmission unit 13 may be included in the encoding unit 12.
  • the receiving unit 21 may be included in the decoding unit 22.
  • the rendering unit 23 may include a display unit, and the display unit may be configured as a separate device or an external component.
  • the video source generator 11 may acquire a video/image through a process of capturing, synthesizing, or generating a video/image.
  • the video source generator 11 may include a video/image capturing device and/or a video/image generating device.
  • the video/image capture device may include, for example, one or more cameras, a video/image archive including previously captured video/images, and the like.
  • the video/image generating device may include, for example, a computer, a tablet and a smartphone, and may (electronically) generate a video/image.
  • a virtual video/image may be generated through a computer or the like, and in this case, a video/image capturing process may be substituted as a process of generating related data.
  • the encoder 12 may encode an input video/image.
  • the encoder 12 may perform a series of procedures such as prediction, transformation, and quantization for compression and encoding efficiency.
  • the encoder 12 may output encoded data (coded video/image information) in a bitstream format.
  • the transmission unit 13 may transmit the encoded video/image information or data output in the form of a bitstream to the receiving unit 21 of the decoding apparatus 20 through a digital storage medium or a network in a file or streaming form.
  • Digital storage media may include various storage media such as USB, SD, CD, DVD, Blu-ray, HDD, and SSD.
  • the transmission unit 13 may include an element for generating a media file through a predetermined file format, and may include an element for transmission through a broadcast/communication network.
  • the receiving unit 21 may extract/receive the bitstream from the storage medium or network and transmit it to the decoding unit 22.
  • the decoder 22 may decode the video/image by performing a series of procedures such as inverse quantization, inverse transformation, and prediction corresponding to the operation of the encoder 12.
  • the rendering unit 23 may render the decoded video/image.
  • the rendered video/image may be displayed through the display unit.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating an image encoding apparatus to which an embodiment according to the present disclosure can be applied.
  • the image encoding apparatus 100 includes an image segmentation unit 110, a subtraction unit 115, a transform unit 120, a quantization unit 130, an inverse quantization unit 140, and an inverse transform unit ( 150), an addition unit 155, a filtering unit 160, a memory 170, an inter prediction unit 180, an intra prediction unit 185, and an entropy encoding unit 190.
  • the inter prediction unit 180 and the intra prediction unit 185 may be collectively referred to as a “prediction unit”.
  • the transform unit 120, the quantization unit 130, the inverse quantization unit 140, and the inverse transform unit 150 may be included in a residual processing unit.
  • the residual processing unit may further include a subtraction unit 115.
  • All or at least some of the plurality of constituent units constituting the image encoding apparatus 100 may be implemented as one hardware component (eg, an encoder or a processor) according to embodiments.
  • the memory 170 may include a decoded picture buffer (DPB), and may be implemented by a digital storage medium.
  • DPB decoded picture buffer
  • the image dividing unit 110 may divide an input image (or picture, frame) input to the image encoding apparatus 100 into one or more processing units.
  • the processing unit may be referred to as a coding unit (CU).
  • the coding unit is a coding tree unit (CTU) or a largest coding unit (LCU) recursively according to a QT/BT/TT (Quad-tree/binary-tree/ternary-tree) structure ( It can be obtained by dividing recursively.
  • one coding unit may be divided into a plurality of coding units of a deeper depth based on a quad tree structure, a binary tree structure, and/or a ternary tree structure.
  • a quad tree structure may be applied first, and a binary tree structure and/or a ternary tree structure may be applied later.
  • the coding procedure according to the present disclosure may be performed based on the final coding unit that is no longer divided.
  • the largest coding unit may be directly used as the final coding unit, or a coding unit of a lower depth obtained by dividing the largest coding unit may be used as the final cornet unit.
  • the coding procedure may include a procedure such as prediction, transformation, and/or restoration described later.
  • the processing unit of the coding procedure may be a prediction unit (PU) or a transform unit (TU).
  • Each of the prediction unit and the transform unit may be divided or partitioned from the final coding unit.
  • the prediction unit may be a unit of sample prediction
  • the transform unit may be a unit for inducing a transform coefficient and/or a unit for inducing a residual signal from the transform coefficient.
  • the prediction unit (inter prediction unit 180 or intra prediction unit 185) performs prediction on a block to be processed (current block), and generates a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block. Can be generated.
  • the prediction unit may determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied in units of the current block or CU.
  • the prediction unit may generate various information on prediction of the current block and transmit it to the entropy encoding unit 190.
  • the information on prediction may be encoded by the entropy encoding unit 190 and output in the form of a bitstream.
  • the intra prediction unit 185 may predict the current block by referring to samples in the current picture.
  • the referenced samples may be located in a neighborhood of the current block or may be located away from each other according to an intra prediction mode and/or an intra prediction technique.
  • the intra prediction modes may include a plurality of non-directional modes and a plurality of directional modes.
  • the non-directional mode may include, for example, a DC mode and a planar mode (Planar mode).
  • the directional mode may include, for example, 33 directional prediction modes or 65 directional prediction modes, depending on the degree of detail of the prediction direction. However, this is an example, and more or less directional prediction modes may be used depending on the setting.
  • the intra prediction unit 185 may determine a prediction mode applied to the current block by using the prediction mode applied to the neighboring block.
  • the inter prediction unit 180 may derive a predicted block for the current block based on a reference block (reference sample array) specified by a motion vector on the reference picture.
  • motion information may be predicted in units of blocks, subblocks, or samples based on a correlation between motion information between a neighboring block and a current block.
  • the motion information may include a motion vector and a reference picture index.
  • the motion information may further include inter prediction direction (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.) information.
  • the neighboring block may include a spatial neighboring block existing in the current picture and a temporal neighboring block existing in the reference picture.
  • the reference picture including the reference block and the reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may be the same or different from each other.
  • the temporal neighboring block may be referred to as a collocated reference block, a collocated CU (colCU), or the like.
  • the reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may be referred to as a collocated picture (colPic).
  • the inter prediction unit 180 constructs a motion information candidate list based on neighboring blocks, and provides information indicating which candidate is used to derive a motion vector and/or a reference picture index of the current block. Can be generated. Inter prediction may be performed based on various prediction modes.
  • the inter prediction unit 180 may use motion information of a neighboring block as motion information of a current block.
  • a residual signal may not be transmitted.
  • motion vector prediction (MVP) mode motion vectors of neighboring blocks are used as motion vector predictors, and indicators for motion vector difference and motion vector predictors ( indicator) to signal the motion vector of the current block.
  • the motion vector difference may mean a difference between a motion vector of a current block and a motion vector predictor.
  • the prediction unit may generate a prediction signal based on various prediction methods and/or prediction techniques to be described later. For example, the prediction unit may apply intra prediction or inter prediction for prediction of the current block, and may simultaneously apply intra prediction and inter prediction. A prediction method in which intra prediction and inter prediction are applied simultaneously for prediction of a current block may be called combined inter and intra prediction (CIIP). Also, the prediction unit may perform intra block copy (IBC) for prediction of the current block. The intra block copy may be used for content image/movie coding such as games, such as, for example, screen content coding (SCC). IBC is a method of predicting a current block using a reference block in a current picture located a predetermined distance away from the current block.
  • CIIP combined inter and intra prediction
  • IBC intra block copy
  • the intra block copy may be used for content image/movie coding such as games, such as, for example, screen content coding (SCC).
  • IBC is a method of predicting a current block using a reference block in a current
  • the position of the reference block in the current picture may be encoded as a vector (block vector) corresponding to the predetermined distance.
  • IBC basically performs prediction in the current picture, but can be performed similarly to inter prediction in that it derives a reference block in the current picture. That is, the IBC may use at least one of the inter prediction techniques described in this disclosure.
  • the prediction signal generated through the prediction unit may be used to generate a reconstructed signal or may be used to generate a residual signal.
  • the subtraction unit 115 subtracts the prediction signal (predicted block, prediction sample array) output from the prediction unit from the input image signal (original block, original sample array), and subtracts a residual signal (remaining block, residual sample array). ) Can be created.
  • the generated residual signal may be transmitted to the converter 120.
  • the transform unit 120 may generate transform coefficients by applying a transform technique to the residual signal.
  • the transformation technique uses at least one of DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform), DST (Discrete Sine Transform), KLT (Karhunen-Loeve Transform), GBT (Graph-Based Transform), or CNT (Conditionally Non-linear Transform).
  • DCT Discrete Cosine Transform
  • DST Discrete Sine Transform
  • KLT Kerhunen-Loeve Transform
  • GBT Graph-Based Transform
  • CNT Conditionally Non-linear Transform
  • GBT refers to the transformation obtained from this graph when the relationship information between pixels is expressed in a graph.
  • CNT refers to a transformation obtained based on generating a prediction signal using all previously reconstructed pixels.
  • the conversion process may be applied to a block of pixels having the same size of a square, or may be applied to a block of a variable size other than a square.
  • the quantization unit 130 may quantize the transform coefficients and transmit the quantization to the entropy encoding unit 190.
  • the entropy encoding unit 190 may encode a quantized signal (information on quantized transform coefficients) and output it as a bitstream.
  • the information on the quantized transform coefficients may be called residual information.
  • the quantization unit 130 may rearrange the quantized transform coefficients in the form of a block into a one-dimensional vector form based on a coefficient scan order, and the quantized transform coefficients in the form of the one-dimensional vector It is also possible to generate information about transform coefficients.
  • the entropy encoding unit 190 may perform various encoding methods such as exponential Golomb, context-adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC), and context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC).
  • the entropy encoding unit 190 may encode together or separately information necessary for video/image restoration (eg, values of syntax elements) in addition to quantized transform coefficients.
  • the encoded information (eg, encoded video/video information) may be transmitted or stored in a bitstream format in units of network abstraction layer (NAL) units.
  • the video/video information may further include information about various parameter sets, such as an adaptation parameter set (APS), a picture parameter set (PPS), a sequence parameter set (SPS), or a video parameter set (VPS).
  • the video/video information may further include general constraint information.
  • the signaling information, transmitted information, and/or syntax elements mentioned in the present disclosure may be encoded through the above-described encoding procedure and included in the bitstream.
  • the bitstream may be transmitted through a network or may be stored in a digital storage medium.
  • the network may include a broadcasting network and/or a communication network
  • the digital storage medium may include various storage media such as USB, SD, CD, DVD, Blu-ray, HDD, and SSD.
  • a transmission unit (not shown) for transmitting the signal output from the entropy encoding unit 190 and/or a storage unit (not shown) for storing may be provided as an inner/outer element of the image encoding apparatus 100, or transmission The unit may be provided as a component of the entropy encoding unit 190.
  • the quantized transform coefficients output from the quantization unit 130 may be used to generate a residual signal.
  • a residual signal residual block or residual samples
  • inverse quantization and inverse transform residual transforms
  • the addition unit 155 adds the reconstructed residual signal to the prediction signal output from the inter prediction unit 180 or the intra prediction unit 185 to obtain a reconstructed signal (restored picture, reconstructed block, reconstructed sample array). Can be generated.
  • a reconstructed signal (restored picture, reconstructed block, reconstructed sample array).
  • the predicted block may be used as a reconstructed block.
  • the addition unit 155 may be referred to as a restoration unit or a restoration block generation unit.
  • the generated reconstructed signal may be used for intra prediction of the next processing target block in the current picture, and may be used for inter prediction of the next picture through filtering as described later.
  • the filtering unit 160 may apply filtering to the reconstructed signal to improve subjective/objective image quality.
  • the filtering unit 160 may generate a modified reconstructed picture by applying various filtering methods to the reconstructed picture, and the modified reconstructed picture may be converted to the memory 170, specifically, the DPB of the memory 170. Can be saved on.
  • the various filtering methods may include, for example, deblocking filtering, sample adaptive offset, adaptive loop filter, bilateral filter, and the like.
  • the filtering unit 160 may generate a variety of filtering information and transmit it to the entropy encoding unit 190 as described later in the description of each filtering method.
  • the filtering information may be encoded by the entropy encoding unit 190 and output in the form of a bitstream.
  • the modified reconstructed picture transmitted to the memory 170 may be used as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 180.
  • the image encoding apparatus 100 may avoid prediction mismatch between the image encoding apparatus 100 and the image decoding apparatus, and may improve encoding efficiency.
  • the DPB in the memory 170 may store a modified reconstructed picture for use as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 180.
  • the memory 170 may store motion information of a block from which motion information in a current picture is derived (or encoded) and/or motion information of blocks in a picture that have already been reconstructed.
  • the stored motion information may be transmitted to the inter prediction unit 180 to be used as motion information of spatial neighboring blocks or motion information of temporal neighboring blocks.
  • the memory 170 may store reconstructed samples of reconstructed blocks in the current picture, and may be transmitted to the intra prediction unit 185.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating an image decoding apparatus to which an embodiment according to the present disclosure can be applied.
  • the image decoding apparatus 200 includes an entropy decoding unit 210, an inverse quantization unit 220, an inverse transform unit 230, an addition unit 235, a filtering unit 240, and a memory 250. ), an inter prediction unit 260 and an intra prediction unit 265 may be included.
  • the inter prediction unit 260 and the intra prediction unit 265 may be collectively referred to as a “prediction unit”.
  • the inverse quantization unit 220 and the inverse transform unit 230 may be included in the residual processing unit.
  • All or at least some of the plurality of constituent units constituting the image decoding apparatus 200 may be implemented as one hardware component (eg, a decoder or a processor) according to embodiments.
  • the memory 170 may include a DPB and may be implemented by a digital storage medium.
  • the image decoding apparatus 200 receiving a bitstream including video/image information may reconstruct an image by performing a process corresponding to the process performed by the image encoding apparatus 100 of FIG. 2.
  • the image decoding apparatus 200 may perform decoding using a processing unit applied in the image encoding apparatus.
  • the processing unit of decoding may be, for example, a coding unit.
  • the coding unit may be a coding tree unit or may be obtained by dividing the largest coding unit.
  • the reconstructed image signal decoded and output through the image decoding apparatus 200 may be reproduced through a reproduction device (not shown).
  • the image decoding apparatus 200 may receive a signal output from the image encoding apparatus of FIG. 2 in the form of a bitstream.
  • the received signal may be decoded through the entropy decoding unit 210.
  • the entropy decoding unit 210 may parse the bitstream to derive information (eg, video/video information) necessary for image restoration (or picture restoration).
  • the video/video information may further include information about various parameter sets, such as an adaptation parameter set (APS), a picture parameter set (PPS), a sequence parameter set (SPS), or a video parameter set (VPS).
  • the video/video information may further include general constraint information.
  • the image decoding apparatus may additionally use information on the parameter set and/or the general restriction information to decode an image.
  • the signaling information, received information and/or syntax elements mentioned in the present disclosure may be obtained from the bitstream by being decoded through the decoding procedure.
  • the entropy decoding unit 210 decodes information in the bitstream based on a coding method such as exponential Golomb coding, CAVLC, or CABAC, and a value of a syntax element required for image restoration, a quantized value of a transform coefficient related to a residual Can be printed.
  • the CABAC entropy decoding method receives a bin corresponding to each syntax element in a bitstream, and includes information on the syntax element to be decoded, information on decoding information of a neighboring block and a block to be decoded, or information on a symbol/bin decoded in a previous step
  • the context model is determined by using and, according to the determined context model, the probability of occurrence of bins is predicted to perform arithmetic decoding of bins to generate symbols corresponding to the values of each syntax element. I can.
  • the CABAC entropy decoding method may update the context model using information of the decoded symbol/bin for the context model of the next symbol/bin after the context model is determined.
  • the entropy decoding unit 210 Among the information decoded by the entropy decoding unit 210, information on prediction is provided to the prediction unit (inter prediction unit 260 and intra prediction unit 265), and the register on which entropy decoding is performed by the entropy decoding unit 210 Dual values, that is, quantized transform coefficients and related parameter information may be input to the inverse quantization unit 220. In addition, information about filtering among information decoded by the entropy decoding unit 210 may be provided to the filtering unit 240.
  • a receiving unit for receiving a signal output from the image encoding device may be additionally provided as an inner/outer element of the image decoding device 200, or the receiving unit is provided as a component of the entropy decoding unit 210 It could be.
  • the video decoding apparatus may include an information decoder (video/video/picture information decoder) and/or a sample decoder (video/video/picture sample decoder).
  • the information decoder may include an entropy decoding unit 210, and the sample decoder includes an inverse quantization unit 220, an inverse transform unit 230, an addition unit 235, a filtering unit 240, a memory 250, It may include at least one of the inter prediction unit 260 and the intra prediction unit 265.
  • the inverse quantization unit 220 may inverse quantize the quantized transform coefficients and output transform coefficients.
  • the inverse quantization unit 220 may rearrange the quantized transform coefficients into a two-dimensional block shape. In this case, the rearrangement may be performed based on a coefficient scan order performed by the image encoding apparatus.
  • the inverse quantization unit 220 may perform inverse quantization on quantized transform coefficients by using a quantization parameter (eg, quantization step size information) and obtain transform coefficients.
  • a quantization parameter eg, quantization step size information
  • the inverse transform unit 230 may inversely transform transform coefficients to obtain a residual signal (residual block, residual sample array).
  • the prediction unit may perform prediction on the current block and generate a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block.
  • the prediction unit may determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied to the current block based on the prediction information output from the entropy decoding unit 210, and determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode (prediction technique). I can.
  • the prediction unit can generate the prediction signal based on various prediction methods (techniques) described later.
  • the intra prediction unit 265 may predict the current block by referring to samples in the current picture.
  • the description of the intra prediction unit 185 may be equally applied to the intra prediction unit 265.
  • the inter prediction unit 260 may derive a predicted block for the current block based on a reference block (reference sample array) specified by a motion vector on the reference picture.
  • motion information may be predicted in units of blocks, subblocks, or samples based on a correlation between motion information between a neighboring block and a current block.
  • the motion information may include a motion vector and a reference picture index.
  • the motion information may further include inter prediction direction (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.) information.
  • the neighboring block may include a spatial neighboring block existing in the current picture and a temporal neighboring block existing in the reference picture.
  • the inter prediction unit 260 may construct a motion information candidate list based on neighboring blocks, and derive a motion vector and/or a reference picture index of the current block based on the received candidate selection information.
  • Inter prediction may be performed based on various prediction modes (techniques), and the information about the prediction may include information indicating a mode (technique) of inter prediction for the current block.
  • the addition unit 235 is reconstructed by adding the obtained residual signal to the prediction signal (predicted block, prediction sample array) output from the prediction unit (including the inter prediction unit 260 and/or the intra prediction unit 265).
  • a signal (restored picture, reconstructed block, reconstructed sample array) can be generated.
  • the predicted block may be used as a reconstructed block.
  • the description of the addition unit 155 may be equally applied to the addition unit 235.
  • the addition unit 235 may be referred to as a restoration unit or a restoration block generation unit.
  • the generated reconstructed signal may be used for intra prediction of the next processing target block in the current picture, and may be used for inter prediction of the next picture through filtering as described later.
  • the filtering unit 240 may apply filtering to the reconstructed signal to improve subjective/objective image quality.
  • the filtering unit 240 may apply various filtering methods to the reconstructed picture to generate a modified reconstructed picture, and the modified reconstructed picture may be converted to the memory 250, specifically, the DPB of the memory 250. Can be saved on.
  • the various filtering methods may include, for example, deblocking filtering, sample adaptive offset, adaptive loop filter, bilateral filter, and the like.
  • the (modified) reconstructed picture stored in the DPB of the memory 250 may be used as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 260.
  • the memory 250 may store motion information of a block from which motion information in a current picture is derived (or decoded) and/or motion information of blocks in a picture that have already been reconstructed.
  • the stored motion information may be transmitted to the inter prediction unit 260 to be used as motion information of a spatial neighboring block or motion information of a temporal neighboring block.
  • the memory 250 may store reconstructed samples of reconstructed blocks in the current picture, and may be transmitted to the intra prediction unit 265.
  • embodiments described in the filtering unit 160, the inter prediction unit 180, and the intra prediction unit 185 of the image encoding apparatus 100 are respectively the filtering unit 240 of the image decoding apparatus 200, The same or corresponding to the inter prediction unit 260 and the intra prediction unit 265 may be applied.
  • An image encoding/decoding method may be performed based on a partitioning structure according to an embodiment.
  • procedures such as prediction, residual processing ((inverse) transformation, (inverse) quantization, etc.), syntax element coding, filtering, etc. are CTU, CU (and/or TU, PU) derived based on the partitioning structure.
  • the block partitioning procedure may be performed by the image segmentation unit 110 of the above-described encoding apparatus, so that partitioning-related information may be (encoded) processed by the entropy encoding unit 190 and transmitted to the decoding apparatus in the form of a bitstream.
  • the entropy decoding unit 210 of the decoding apparatus derives the block partitioning structure of the current picture based on the partitioning-related information obtained from the bitstream, and based on this, a series of procedures for decoding an image (ex. prediction, residual). Processing, block/picture restoration, in-loop filtering, etc.) can be performed.
  • the CU size and the TU size may be the same, or a plurality of TUs may exist in the CU region. Meanwhile, the CU size may generally represent the luma component (sample) CB size.
  • the TU size may generally indicate the luma component (sample) TB size.
  • Chroma component (sample) CB or TB size is the luma component (sample) according to the component ratio according to the chroma format (color format, eg 4:4:4, 4:2:2, 4:2:0, etc.) of the picture/video. It can be derived based on the CB or TB size.
  • the TU size may be derived based on maxTbSize indicating the maximum available TB size. For example, when the CU size is larger than the maxTbSize, a plurality of TUs (TBs) of the maxTbSize may be derived from the CU, and transformation/inverse transformation may be performed in units of the TU (TB).
  • the intra prediction mode/type is derived in units of the CU (or CB), and procedures for deriving neighboring reference samples and generating prediction samples may be performed in units of TU (or TB).
  • the intra prediction mode/type is derived in units of the CU (or CB)
  • procedures for deriving neighboring reference samples and generating prediction samples may be performed in units of TU (or TB).
  • one or a plurality of TUs (or TBs) may exist in one CU (or CB) region, and in this case, the plurality of TUs (or TBs) may share the same intra prediction mode/type.
  • an image processing unit may have a hierarchical structure.
  • one picture may be divided into one or more tiles or tile groups.
  • One tile group may include one or more tiles.
  • One tile may contain more than one CTU.
  • the CTU may be divided into one or more CUs.
  • a tile may be composed of a rectangular area including CTUs that are aggregated in a specific row and a specific column in the picture.
  • the tile group may include an integer number of tiles according to a tile raster scan in a picture.
  • the tile group header may signal information/parameters applicable to the corresponding tile group.
  • the encoding/decoding procedure for the tile or tile group may be processed in parallel.
  • the tile group is tile group types including an intra tile group (intra (I) tile group), a one-way prediction tile group (predictive (P) tile group), and a bi-predictive (B) tile group. It can have one of the types.
  • intra tile group intra (I) tile group
  • P tile group one-way prediction tile group
  • B tile group bi-predictive
  • I tile group intra tile group
  • intra prediction or inter prediction may be used, and when inter prediction is used, only uni prediction may be used.
  • intra prediction or inter prediction may be used for blocks in the B tile group, and when inter prediction is used, up to bi prediction may be used.
  • one picture may be divided into one or more slices.
  • a slice may be composed of an integer number of tiles, or may be composed of a set of CTUs arranged in rows in one tile.
  • Two modes of slice can be supported. One is a raster scan slice mode, and the other is a square slice mode.
  • a slice may be composed of tiles that are continuous in a raster scan order existing in one picture.
  • a slice may be configured by collecting tiles existing in one picture in a square shape. The tiles in the square slice may be scanned according to the tile raster scan order within the slice.
  • the tile/tile group, slice, and maximum and minimum coding unit sizes are determined according to the characteristics of the image (for example, resolution) or in consideration of coding efficiency or parallel processing, and information or information about this can be derived. Information may be included in the bitstream.
  • the decoder may obtain information indicating whether a slice of a current picture, a tile/tile group, and whether a CTU in a tile is divided into a plurality of coding units. Efficiency can be improved if such information is acquired (transmitted) only under certain conditions.
  • the slice header or tile group header may include information/parameters commonly applicable to the slice or tile group.
  • APS APS syntax
  • PPS PPS syntax
  • SPS SPS syntax
  • VPS VPS syntax
  • the high-level syntax may include at least one of the APS syntax, PPS syntax, SPS syntax, and VPS syntax.
  • information on the division and configuration of the tile/tile group may be configured at an encoding end through the higher level syntax and transmitted to a decoding apparatus in the form of a bitstream.
  • the coding tree scheme may support that luma and chroma component blocks have a separate block tree structure.
  • luma and chroma blocks in one CTU may be represented as a single tree (SINGLE_TREE).
  • SINGLE_TREE single tree
  • DUAL_TREE dual tree
  • the block tree type for the luma component may be called DUAL_TREE_LUMA
  • the block tree type for the chroma component may be called DUAL_TREE_CHROMA.
  • luma and chroma CTBs in one CTU may be limited to have the same coding tree structure.
  • luma and chroma blocks may have separate block tree structures from each other. If the individual block tree mode is applied, the luma CTB may be divided into CUs based on a specific coding tree structure, and the chroma CTB may be divided into chroma CUs based on a different coding tree structure.
  • a CU in an I slice/tile group may be composed of a coding block of a luma component or a coding block of two chroma components, and a CU of a P or B slice/tile group may be composed of blocks of three color components.
  • a slice may be referred to as a tile/tile group, and a tile/tile group may be referred to as a slice.
  • Intra prediction may indicate prediction of generating prediction samples for a current block based on reference samples in a picture (hereinafter, referred to as a current picture) to which the current block belongs.
  • a current picture a picture
  • surrounding reference samples to be used for intra prediction of the current block may be derived.
  • the neighboring reference samples of the current block are a sample adjacent to the left boundary of the current block of size nW x nH and a total of 2 x nH samples adjacent to the bottom-left, and the top of the current block A sample adjacent to the boundary, a total of 2 x nW samples adjacent to the top-right side, and one sample adjacent to the top-left side of the current block may be included.
  • the peripheral reference samples of the current block may include a plurality of columns of upper peripheral samples and a plurality of rows of left peripheral samples.
  • the neighboring reference samples of the current block are a total of nH samples adjacent to the right boundary of the current block of size nW x nH, a total of nW samples adjacent to the bottom boundary of the current block, and the current block. It may include one sample adjacent to the bottom-right side.
  • the neighboring reference samples may be derived in units of sub-partitions.
  • the decoding apparatus may configure neighboring reference samples to be used for prediction by substituting samples that are not available with available samples.
  • surrounding reference samples to be used for prediction may be configured through interpolation of available samples.
  • a prediction sample can be derived based on an average or interpolation of neighboring reference samples of the current block, and (ii) neighboring reference samples of the current block Among them, the prediction sample may be derived based on a reference sample existing in a specific (prediction) direction with respect to the prediction sample.
  • it may be called a non-directional mode or a non-angular mode
  • it may be called a directional mode or an angular mode.
  • a prediction sample may be generated.
  • LIP linear interpolation intra prediction
  • chroma prediction samples may be generated based on luma samples using a linear model. This case may be referred to as LM mode.
  • a temporary prediction sample of the current block is derived based on the filtered surrounding reference samples, and at least one of the existing surrounding reference samples, that is, unfiltered surrounding reference samples, derived according to the intra prediction mode.
  • a prediction sample of the current block may be derived by weighted sum of a reference sample and the temporary prediction sample.
  • the above case may be referred to as PDPC (Position dependent intra prediction).
  • a reference sample line with the highest prediction accuracy is selected among the neighboring multi-reference sample lines of the current block, and a prediction sample is derived from the reference sample located in the prediction direction, and at this time, the used reference sample line is decoded.
  • Intra prediction coding may be performed by instructing (signaling) the device.
  • MRL multi-reference line
  • intra prediction is performed based on the same intra prediction mode, and neighboring reference samples may be derived and used in units of the subpartition. That is, in this case, the intra prediction mode for the current block is equally applied to the subpartitions, but by deriving and using neighboring reference samples in units of the subpartitions, intra prediction performance may be improved in some cases.
  • This prediction method may be referred to as intra sub-partitions (ISP) or ISP-based intra prediction.
  • a plurality of reference samples located around the prediction direction (around the fractional sample position) A predicted sample value may be derived through interpolation.
  • the above-described intra prediction methods may be referred to as an intra prediction type in distinction from the intra prediction mode.
  • the generated prediction signal and surrounding sample values are used in the vertical and horizontal directions.
  • Matrix-weighted Intra Prediction (MIP) for performing intra prediction of the current block may be applied by interpolating to generate a prediction signal of an original size.
  • the intra prediction type may be referred to as various terms such as an intra prediction technique or an additional intra prediction mode.
  • the intra prediction type (or additional intra prediction mode, etc.) may include at least one of the aforementioned LIP, PDPC, MRL, ISP, and MIP.
  • the information on the intra prediction type may be encoded by an encoding device, included in a bitstream, and signaled to a decoding device.
  • the information on the intra prediction type may be implemented in various forms, such as flag information indicating whether each intra prediction type is applied or index information indicating one of several intra prediction types.
  • post-processing filtering may be performed on the derived prediction samples as necessary.
  • the intra prediction procedure may include determining an intra prediction mode/type, deriving a neighboring reference sample, and deriving an intra prediction mode/type based prediction sample.
  • a post-filtering step may be performed on the derived prediction samples as necessary.
  • the encoding apparatus performs intra prediction on the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus may derive an intra prediction mode/type for the current block, derive neighboring reference samples of the current block, and generate prediction samples in the current block based on the intra prediction mode/type and the neighboring reference samples. can do.
  • the procedure of determining the intra prediction mode/type, deriving neighboring reference samples, and generating prediction samples may be simultaneously performed, or one procedure may be performed before the other procedure.
  • the intra prediction unit 185 may further include a prediction sample filter.
  • the encoding apparatus may determine a mode/type applied to the current block from among a plurality of intra prediction modes/types.
  • the encoding apparatus may compare rate-distortion (RD) costs for the intra prediction modes/types and determine an optimal intra prediction mode/type for the current block.
  • RD rate-distortion
  • the encoding apparatus may perform a prediction sample filtering procedure.
  • Predictive sample filtering may be referred to as post filtering. Some or all of the prediction samples may be filtered by the prediction sample filtering procedure. In some cases, the prediction sample filtering procedure may be omitted.
  • the encoding apparatus may generate residual samples for the current block based on the prediction samples.
  • the encoding apparatus may compare the prediction samples from the original samples of the current block based on a phase and derive the residual samples.
  • the encoding apparatus may encode image information including information on the intra prediction (prediction information) and residual information on the residual samples.
  • the prediction information may include the intra prediction mode information and the intra prediction type information.
  • the encoding apparatus may output the encoded image information in the form of a bitstream.
  • the output bitstream may be delivered to a decoding device through a storage medium or a network.
  • the residual information may include a residual coding syntax to be described later.
  • the encoding apparatus may transform/quantize the residual samples to derive quantized transform coefficients.
  • the residual information may include information on the quantized transform coefficients.
  • the encoding apparatus may generate a reconstructed picture (including reconstructed samples and a reconstructed block). To this end, the encoding apparatus may perform inverse quantization/inverse transformation on the quantized transform coefficients again to derive (modified) residual samples. The reason why the residual samples are transformed/quantized and then inverse quantized/inverse transformed is performed again to derive residual samples identical to the residual samples derived from the decoding apparatus as described above.
  • the encoding apparatus may generate a reconstructed block including reconstructed samples for the current block based on the prediction samples and the (modified) residual samples. A reconstructed picture for the current picture may be generated based on the reconstructed block. As described above, an in-loop filtering procedure or the like may be further applied to the reconstructed picture.
  • the decoding apparatus may perform an operation corresponding to the operation performed by the encoding apparatus.
  • the decoding apparatus may derive an intra prediction mode/type for a current block based on the received prediction information (intra prediction mode/type information).
  • the decoding apparatus may derive neighboring reference samples of the current block.
  • the decoding apparatus may generate prediction samples in the current block based on the intra prediction mode/type and the neighboring reference samples.
  • the decoding apparatus may perform a prediction sample filtering procedure. Predictive sample filtering may be referred to as post filtering. Some or all of the prediction samples may be filtered by the prediction sample filtering procedure. In some cases, the prediction sample filtering procedure may be omitted.
  • the decoding apparatus may generate residual samples for the current block based on the received residual information.
  • the decoding apparatus may generate reconstructed samples for the current block based on the prediction samples and the residual samples, and derive a reconstructed block including the reconstructed samples.
  • a reconstructed picture for the current picture may be generated based on the reconstructed block.
  • An in-loop filtering procedure or the like may be further applied to the reconstructed picture.
  • the intra prediction mode information may include flag information (egintra_luma_mpm_flag) indicating whether, for example, most probable mode (MPM) is applied to the current block or a remaining mode is applied, the MPM When applied to the current block, the prediction mode information may further include index information (eg intra_luma_mpm_idx) indicating one of the intra prediction mode candidates (MPM candidates).
  • the intra prediction mode candidates (MPM candidates) may be composed of an MPM candidate list or an MPM list.
  • the MPM candidate list may be configured to include an intra prediction mode of a neighboring block or a preset basic intra prediction mode.
  • the intra prediction mode information further includes remaining mode information (eg intra_luma_mpm_remainder) indicating one of the remaining intra prediction modes excluding the intra prediction mode candidates (MPM candidates). Can include.
  • the decoding apparatus may determine an intra prediction mode of the current block based on the intra prediction mode information.
  • an MPM list for the MIP mode may be configured to determine the MIP mode of the current block.
  • the MPM list for the MIP mode may be configured in a manner of configuring the MPM list for the intra mode described above.
  • the MPM candidate list for the MIP mode may be configured including the MIP mode of a neighboring block or a preset basic MIP mode.
  • the intra prediction mode information may further include remaining mode information (eg intra_luma_mpm_remainder) indicating one of the remaining MIP modes excluding the MIP mode candidates (MPM candidates). I can.
  • the decoding apparatus may determine the MIP mode of the current block based on the intra prediction mode information.
  • the intra prediction mode includes two non-directional intra prediction modes and 65 directional intra prediction modes.
  • the non-directional intra prediction modes may include a planar intra prediction mode and a DC intra prediction mode, and the directional intra prediction modes may include 2 to 66 intra prediction modes.
  • the intra prediction mode may further include a cross-component linear model (CCLM) mode for chroma samples in addition to the above-described intra prediction modes.
  • CCLM cross-component linear model
  • the CCLM mode can be divided into L_CCLM, T_CCLM, and LT_CCLM, depending on whether left samples are considered, upper samples are considered, or both for LM parameter derivation, and can be applied only to a chroma component.
  • the intra prediction mode may be indexed according to the intra prediction mode value as shown in the following table.
  • an intra prediction mode in order to capture an arbitrary edge direction presented in a natural video, includes 93 directional directions along with two non-directional intra prediction modes. It may include an intra prediction mode. Non-directional intra prediction modes may include a planar prediction mode and a DC prediction mode.
  • the directional intra prediction mode may include an intra prediction mode consisting of times 2 to 80 and -1 to -14 as indicated by arrows in FIG. 6.
  • the planar prediction mode may be indicated as INTRA_PLANAR, and the DC prediction mode may be indicated as INTRA_DC.
  • the directional intra prediction mode may be expressed as INTRA_ANGULAR-14 to INTRA_ANGULAR-1, and INTRA_ANGULAR2 to INTRA_ANGULAR80.
  • the intra prediction type (or additional intra prediction mode, etc.) is the aforementioned LIP, PDPC, MRL, ISP, MIP. It may include at least one of.
  • the intra prediction type may be indicated based on intra prediction type information, and the intra prediction type information may be implemented in various forms.
  • the intra prediction type information may include intra prediction type index information indicating one of the intra prediction types.
  • the intra prediction type information is reference sample line information (eg intra_luma_ref_idx) indicating whether the MRL is applied to the current block and, if applied, a reference sample line (eg intra_luma_ref_idx), and the ISP is applied to the current block.
  • ISP flag information indicating whether it is applied (eg intra_subpartitions_mode_flag), ISP type information indicating the split type of subpartitions when the ISP is applied (eg intra_subpartitions_split_flag), flag information indicating whether or not PDPC is applied, or indicating whether the LIP is applied. It may include at least one of flag information and MIP flag information indicating whether MIP is applied.
  • the intra prediction mode information and/or the intra prediction type information may be encoded/decoded through the coding method described in the present disclosure.
  • the intra prediction mode information and/or the intra prediction type information may be encoded/decoded through entropy coding (ex. CABAC, CAVLC) based on a truncated (rice) binary code.
  • intra prediction When intra prediction is performed on the current block, prediction on a luma component block (luma block) of the current block and prediction on a chroma component block (chroma block) may be performed.
  • the intra prediction mode for the chroma block is It can be set separately from the intra prediction mode for the luma block.
  • an intra prediction mode for a chroma block may be indicated based on intra chroma prediction mode information, and the intra chroma prediction mode information may be signaled in the form of an intra_chroma_pred_mode syntax element.
  • the intra-chroma prediction mode information may indicate one of a planar mode, a DC mode, a vertical mode, a horizontal mode, a derived mode (DM), and a CCLM mode.
  • the planar mode may represent a 0th intra prediction mode, the DC mode 1st intra prediction mode, the vertical mode 26th intra prediction mode, and the horizontal mode 10th intra prediction mode.
  • DM can also be called direct mode.
  • CCLM can be called LM.
  • DM and CCLM are dependent intra prediction modes for predicting a chroma block using information of a luma block.
  • the DM may represent a mode in which an intra prediction mode identical to an intra prediction mode for the luma component is applied as an intra prediction mode for the chroma component.
  • the CCLM subsamples the reconstructed samples of the luma block in the process of generating the prediction block for the chroma block, and then applies the CCLM parameters ⁇ and ⁇ to the subsampled samples. Intra prediction mode used as prediction samples of may be indicated.
  • the matrix based intra prediction mode may be referred to as an affiliate linear weighted intra prediction (ALWIP) mode, a linear weighted intra prediction (LWIP) mode, or a matrix weighted intra prediction (MWIP) mode.
  • An intra prediction mode other than matrix-based prediction may be defined as a non-matrix-based prediction mode.
  • the non-matrix-based prediction mode may refer to non-directional intra prediction and directional intra prediction, and hereinafter, an intra prediction mode or a general intra prediction mode is mixed as a term for referring to a non-matrix-based prediction mode. And use it.
  • matrix-based prediction will be referred to as the MIP mode.
  • i) ii) matrix-vector-multiplication is performed using neighboring reference samples on which the averaging step has been performed, and iii) is required.
  • a horizontal/vertical interpolation step may be further performed to derive prediction samples for the current block.
  • the averaging step can be performed by averaging the values of the surrounding samples.
  • the averaging procedure can be performed by generating a total of 4 samples of the top 2 and the left 2 by taking the average of each boundary if the width and width of the current block are 4 in pixels as shown in FIG. 7(a). As shown in (b) of 7, if the width and width of the current block are not 4 in pixels, it can be performed by taking the average of each boundary and generating a total of 8 samples of the top 4 and the left 4.
  • the matrix vector multiplication step may be performed by multiplying the averaged sample by the matrix vector and then adding the offset vector, and as a result, a prediction signal for the subsampled pixel set of the original block may be generated.
  • the size of the matrix and the offset vector may be determined according to the width and width of the current block.
  • the horizontal/vertical interpolation step is a step of generating a prediction signal having an original block size from the sub-sampled prediction signal.
  • a prediction signal having an original block size may be generated by performing vertical and horizontal interpolation using the sub-sampled prediction signal and surrounding pixel values.
  • 8 shows an embodiment in which MIP prediction is performed on an 8x8 block.
  • a total of 8 averaged samples may be generated as shown in FIG. 7B.
  • 16 sample values may be generated at an even coordinate position as shown in FIG. 8A.
  • vertical interpolation may be performed using the average value of the upper sample of the current block as shown in FIG. 8B.
  • horizontal interpolation may be performed using the left sample of the current block as shown in FIG. 8C.
  • Intra prediction modes used for the MIP mode may be configured differently from intra prediction modes used in LIP, PDPC, MRL, and ISP intra prediction described above, or normal intra prediction.
  • the intra prediction mode for the MIP mode may be referred to as a MIP intra prediction mode, a MIP prediction mode, or a MIP mode.
  • a matrix and an offset used in the matrix vector multiplication may be set differently according to the intra prediction mode for the MIP.
  • the matrix may be referred to as a (MIP) weight matrix
  • the offset may be referred to as a (MIP) offset vector or a (MIP) bias vector.
  • the aforementioned intra prediction type information may include a MIP flag (e.g. intra_mip_flag) indicating whether the MIP mode is applied to the current block.
  • a MIP flag e.g. intra_mip_flag
  • an MPM list for the MIP mode may be separately configured.
  • the intra prediction type information includes a MIP MPM flag indicating whether the MPM list is used for the MIP mode (eg intra_mip_mpm_flag), an MPM index indicating the MIP mode used for the current block from the MPM list (eg intra_mip_mpm_idx), and the current in the MPM list.
  • the MIP mode of the block may include remaining intra prediction mode information (eg intra_mip_mpm_remainder) used to indicate the direct MIP mode.
  • various MIP modes may be set according to a matrix and an offset constituting the MIP.
  • the number of intra prediction modes for MIP may be differently set based on the size of the current block. For example, i) when the height and width of the current block (ex. CB or TB) are each 4, 35 intra prediction modes (ie, intra prediction modes 0 to 34) may be available, and ii) the current When both the height and the width of the block are 8 or less, 19 intra prediction modes (ie, intra prediction modes 0 to 18) may be available, and iii) in other cases, 11 intra prediction modes (ie, intra prediction modes) Prediction modes 0 to 10) may be available.
  • the block size type is 0, if both the height and the width of the current block are 8 or less, the block size type is called 1, and other cases are block size type 2
  • the number of intra prediction modes for MIP can be summarized as shown in the following table. However, this is an example, and the block size type and the number of available intra prediction modes may be changed.
  • information on the intra prediction mode/type of the current block may be coded and signaled at a level such as CU (CU syntax), or may be implicitly determined according to a condition. In this case, some modes/types may be explicitly signaled and others may be implicitly derived.
  • the CU syntax may carry information about the (intra) prediction mode/type, as shown in FIGS. 10 to 12.
  • pred_mode_flag may indicate the prediction mode of the current CU.
  • a value of pred_mode_flag of 0 may indicate that the current CU is encoded in the inter prediction mode.
  • a value of 1 of pred_mode_flag may indicate that the current CU is encoded in the intra prediction mode.
  • pcm_flag[x0][y0] may indicate whether the puls coding modulation (PCM) mode is applied to the current block.
  • PCM puls coding modulation
  • pcm_flag[x0][y0] may indicate whether the pcm_sample syntax exists and the transfrom_tree() syntax does not exist for the luma CU corresponding to the (x0, y0) position.
  • a value of 1 of pcm_flag[x0][y0] may indicate that the pcm_sample() syntax exists and the transform_tree() syntax does not exist.
  • a value of 0 of pcm_flag[x0][y0] may indicate that the pcm_sample() syntax does not exist and the transform_tree() syntax exists.
  • intra_mip_flag[x0][y0] may indicate whether the current block is predicted in the MIP mode. For example, a first value (e.g. 0) of intra_mip_flag[x0][y0] may indicate that the current block is not predicted in the MIP mode. The second value (e.g. 1) of intra_mip_flag[x0][y0] may indicate that the current block is predicted in the MIP mode.
  • intra_mip_flag[x0][y0] has a second value (e.g. 1)
  • information on the MIP mode may be further obtained from the bitstream.
  • intra_mip_mpm_flag[x0][y0] intra_mip_mpm_idx[x0][y0]
  • intra_mip_mpm_remainder [x0][y0] syntax elements indicating the MIP mode of the current block may be further obtained from the bitstream.
  • an MPM list for MIP may be configured, and the intra_mip_mpm_flag is whether the MIP mode for the current block is in the MPM list for the MIP (or among MPM candidates).
  • the intra_mip_mpm_idx is used as the MIP prediction mode of the current block among candidates in the MPM list when the MIP prediction mode for the current block exists in the MPM list for the MIP (i.e., when the value of intra_mip_mpm_flag is 1). Can indicate the index of the candidate.
  • intra_mip_mpm_remainder may indicate the MIP prediction mode of the current block when the MIP prediction mode for the current block does not exist in the MPM list for the MIP (i.e., when the value of intra_mip_mpm_flag is 0), and may indicate the MIP prediction mode of the current block. Among all the MIP prediction modes, one of the remaining modes other than the candidate mode in the MPM list for the MIP may be indicated as the MIP prediction mode of the current block.
  • intra_mip_flag[x0][y0] has a first value (e.g. 0)
  • intra prediction information other than MIP may be obtained from the bitstream.
  • intra_luma_mpm_flag[x0][y0] indicating whether an MPM list for general intra prediction is generated may be obtained from the bitstream.
  • intra_luma_mpm_flag may indicate whether an intra prediction mode for the current block exists in the MPM list (or exists among MPM candidates).
  • a first value (e.g. 0) of intra_luma_mpm_flag may indicate that an intra prediction mode for a current block does not exist in the MPM list.
  • the second value (e.g. 1) of intra_luma_mpm_flag may indicate that an intra prediction mode for a current block exists in the MPM list.
  • the intra_luma_mpm_flag value is 1, the intra_luma_not_planar_flag may be obtained from the bitstream.
  • intra_luma_not_planar_flag may indicate whether the intra prediction mode of the current block is not a planar mode. For example, a first value (e.g. 0) of intra_luma_not_planar_flag may indicate that the intra prediction mode of the current block is a planar mode. The second value (e.g. 1) of intra_luma_not_planar_flag may indicate that the intra prediction mode of the current block is not a planar mode.
  • the intra_luma_mpm_idx may be parsed and coded when the intra_luma_not_planar_flag is'true' (ie, value 1).
  • the planner mode can always be entered as a candidate in the MPM list.
  • the planar mode can be excluded from the MPM list by first signaling the intra_luma_not_planar_flag as described above.
  • the aforementioned various intra prediction types In general intra prediction, MRL, ISP, LIP, etc.
  • intra_luma_mpm_idx may indicate a candidate used as an intra prediction mode of the current block among candidates included in the MPM list excluding the planar mode.
  • the intra_luma_mpm_remainder may be parsed/coded.
  • the intra_luma_mpm_remainder may indicate one mode as the intra prediction mode of the current block from all intra prediction modes, or indicate any one of the remaining modes excluding candidate modes in the MPM list as the intra prediction mode of the current block. have.
  • an intra prediction mode applied to the current block may be determined using an intra prediction mode of a neighboring block.
  • the decoding apparatus receives one of the MPM candidates in the MPM list derived based on the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block (ex. left and/or upper neighboring block) of the current block and additional candidate modes as a bitstream. It can be selected based on an index (eg intra_luma_mpm_idx).
  • the decoding apparatus may select one of the remaining intra prediction modes that are not included in the MPM candidates based on remaining mode information (e.g. intra_luma_mpm_remainder).
  • whether the intra prediction mode applied to the current block is among MPM candidates or is in the remaining mode may be indicated based on an mpm flag (e.g. intra_luma_mpm_flag) to determine the intra prediction mode of the current block.
  • a value of 1 of the mpm flag may indicate that the intra prediction mode for the current block is in the MPM list (candidates), and a value of 0 of the mpm flag indicates that the intra prediction mode for the current block is not in the MPM list (candidates). Can be indicated.
  • the mpm flag may be signaled in the form of an intra_luma_mpm_flag syntax element
  • the mpm index may be signaled in the form of an mpm_idx or intra_luma_mpm_idx syntax element
  • the remaining intra prediction mode information may be signaled in the form of a rem_intra_luma_pred_mode or intra_luma_mpm_remainder syntax element.
  • the remaining intra prediction mode information may indicate one of all intra prediction modes by indexing the remaining intra prediction modes not included in the mpm list in the order of prediction mode numbers.
  • the intra prediction mode may be an intra prediction mode for a luma component (sample).
  • the intra prediction mode information may include at least one of an mpm flag (e.g. intra_luma_mpm_flag), an mpm index (e.g. mpm_idx or intra_luma_mpm_idx), and remaining intra prediction mode information (e.g. rem_intra_luma_pred_mode or intra_luma_mpm_remainder).
  • an MPM list may be referred to in various terms such as an MPM candidate list and candModeList.
  • the MPM list may include candidate intra prediction modes (MPM candidates) that are highly likely to be applied to the current block.
  • the MPM list may be configured to include intra prediction modes of neighboring blocks, or may further include predetermined intra prediction modes according to a predetermined method.
  • an MPM list including three MPMs may be generated in order to keep the complexity of generating the MPM list low.
  • the MPM list may include 3 MPM candidates.
  • a remaining mode may be used.
  • the remaining mode includes 64 remaining candidates, and information on the remaining intra prediction mode indicating one of the 64 remaining candidates may be signaled.
  • the remaining intra prediction mode information may include a 6-bit syntax element (e.g. rem_intra_luma_pred_mode or intra_luma_mpm_remainder syntax element).
  • neighboring intra modes, derived intra modes, and default intra modes may be considered to construct an MPM list.
  • the encoding apparatus may use the prediction mode of the neighboring block to encode the prediction mode of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus may check or derive the prediction mode of the neighboring block. For example, the encoding apparatus may determine the prediction mode of the current block based on the prediction mode of the left neighboring block and the prediction mode of the upper neighboring block, and at this time, the prediction mode of the corresponding neighboring block may be determined as Most Probable Modes (MPM). have. In this respect, determining the MPM may be expressed as listing the most probable modes (MPM) candidates or constituting the MPM list.
  • MPM Most Probable Modes
  • the left neighboring block may represent a block located at the top of the neighboring blocks adjacent to the left boundary of the current block.
  • the upper neighboring block may represent a leftmost block among neighboring blocks adjacent to the upper boundary of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus may check whether the prediction mode of the left neighboring block and the prediction mode of the upper neighboring block are the same.
  • An initial MPM list may be formed by performing a pruning process for intra prediction modes of the two adjacent blocks.
  • the pruning process may be a process in which only different prediction modes are included in the MPM list.
  • the first MPM may be set as the prediction mode of the left neighboring block, and the second MPM is set as the prediction mode of the upper neighboring block.
  • the third MPM may be set to one of an intra planner mode, an intra DC mode, or an intra vertical mode (50th intra prediction mode). Specifically, if the intra prediction modes of the two neighboring blocks are different from each other, the two intra prediction modes may be set to the MPM, and one of the default intra modes after a pruning check by the MPMs May be added to the MPM list.
  • the default intra modes may include an intra planner mode, an intra DC mode, and/or an intra vertical mode (50th intra prediction mode).
  • an MPM list may be configured according to the following cases.
  • the MPM list shows the intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block and the intra prediction mode and the intra planner mode of the upper neighboring block. It can be configured to include.
  • Case 2 When the condition of case 1 is not satisfied, if both the intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block and the intra prediction mode of the upper neighboring block are not intra DC mode, the MPM list is It may be configured to include an intra prediction mode and an intra DC mode of the block.
  • the MPM list may be configured to include an intra prediction mode of a left neighboring block, an intra prediction mode of an upper neighboring block, and an intra vertical mode.
  • the encoding apparatus may determine whether the prediction mode of the left neighboring block is less than 2. For example, the encoding apparatus checks whether the prediction mode of the left neighboring block is an intra planner mode, an intra DC mode, or a prediction mode having a directionality indicating a block located below the current block as shown in FIG. 6. I can.
  • the first MPM may be set to an intra planner mode
  • the second MPM may be set to an intra DC mode
  • the third MPM is an intra vertical mode (50th intra prediction Mode).
  • the first MPM may be set as the prediction mode of the left neighboring block
  • the second MPM may be set as (prediction mode-1 of the left neighboring block)
  • the third MPM may be set to (prediction mode of the left neighboring block + 1).
  • the MPM list may be configured as described below.
  • the MPM list may include an intra planner mode, an intra DC mode, and an intra vertical mode.
  • the MPM list is 2+((A+61)%64 when the value of the intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block and the intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block is A. It may be configured to include an intra prediction mode corresponding to a value of) and an intra prediction mode corresponding to a value of 2+((A-1)%64).
  • an additional pruning process may be performed to remove duplicate modes so that only unique modes can be included.
  • a 6-bit fixed length code may be used for entropy coding of 64 non-MPM modes excluding the 3 MPMs. That is, the index representing the 64 non-MPM modes may be entropy-coded with a 6-bit fixed length code (6-bit FLC).
  • the encoding apparatus may determine whether an optimal intra prediction mode to be applied to the current block falls within the previously configured MPM candidate.
  • the encoding apparatus may encode the MPM flag and the MPM index.
  • the MPM flag may indicate whether the intra prediction mode of the current block is derived from a neighboring intra-predicted block (ie, the intra prediction mode of the current block belongs to the MPM).
  • the MPM index may indicate which MPM mode is applied as an intra prediction mode of the current block among the MPM candidates.
  • the encoding apparatus may encode the intra prediction mode of the current block by using the remaining mode.
  • the encoding device and the decoding device may configure an MPM list including 6 MPMs.
  • a default MPM list may be considered to generate an MPM list including 6 MPMs.
  • the default MPM list may be configured as follows when the value of the intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block is A.
  • Default 6 MPM list ⁇ A, Planar (0) or DC (1), Vertical (50), HOR (18), VER-4 (46), VER + 4 (54) ⁇
  • a 6 MPM list can be generated by updating a default 6 MPM list. For example, if the intra prediction modes of two neighboring blocks are the same and the intra prediction mode values of the two neighboring blocks are greater than the value 1 of the intra DC mode, the 6 MPM list is the default mode, the intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block. Including a prediction mode, an intra planar mode, and an intra DC mode, in addition to this, three derived modes derived by adding a predetermined offset value to the intra prediction mode of a neighboring block and modulating the total number of intra prediction modes are further calculated. Can include.
  • the 6 MPM list may be configured by including the intra prediction modes of the two neighboring blocks as the first two MPM modes.
  • the remaining four MPM modes can be derived from the default mode and the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block.
  • the above-described MPM list construction method may be used when MIP is not applied to the current block.
  • the above-described MPM list construction method may be used for LIP, PDPC, MRL, and ISP intra prediction, or for deriving an intra prediction mode used in general intra prediction (non-directional intra prediction and directional intra prediction).
  • the left neighboring block or the upper neighboring block may be encoded based on the above-described MIP. In this case, if the MIP mode number of the neighboring block to which MIP is applied (left neighboring block/upper neighboring block) is applied to the MPM list for the current block to which MIP is not applied, it is unsuitable as an unintended intra prediction mode is indicated. can do.
  • the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block to which the MIP is applied may be regarded as a DC or planar mode.
  • an intra prediction mode of a neighboring block (left neighboring block/upper neighboring block) to which MIP is applied may be mapped to a general intra prediction mode based on a mapping table and used for MPM list construction.
  • the mapping may be performed based on the block size type of the current block.
  • a mapping table according to an embodiment as shown in FIG. 9 may be used.
  • MIP IntraPredMode[xNbX][yNbX] represents the MIP mode of a neighboring block (left neighboring block/upper neighboring block)
  • block size type MipSizeId represents a neighboring block or a block size type of the current block.
  • Numbers below the block size type values 0, 1, and 2 indicate a general intra prediction mode to which the MIP mode is mapped in case of each block size type. For example, if the height and width of the current block are each 4, the block size type is 0, if both the height and the width of the current block are 8 or less, the block size type is called 1, and other cases are block size type 2 It can be said.
  • the general intra prediction mode is an intra prediction mode other than the MIP mode, and may mean a non-directional intra prediction mode or a directional intra prediction mode.
  • the mapped general intra prediction mode number may be 18.
  • the mapping relationship is an example and may be changed.
  • the MPM list may not include an intra planner mode.
  • information indicating whether the intra prediction mode of the current block is an intra planar mode may be separately signaled.
  • an MPM list may be generated to signal the intra prediction mode.
  • the encoding apparatus may signal the intra prediction mode of the current block to the decoding apparatus using the MPM list generated as follows, and the decoding apparatus may use the MPM list generated as follows to signal the intra prediction mode of the current block. You can decide the mode.
  • the MPM list may be determined based on an intra prediction mode of a neighboring block of the current block.
  • the MPM list may be determined based on the intra prediction mode of the upper neighboring block and the left neighboring block of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus determine the MPM list based on the first intra prediction candidate determined based on the intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block and the second intra prediction candidate determined based on the intra prediction mode of the upper neighboring block. I can.
  • the upper neighboring block may be a block located at the rightmost among blocks in contact with the upper part of the current block.
  • the left neighboring block may be a block located at the bottom of the blocks adjacent to the left of the current block.
  • the coordinates of the current block are (xCb, yCb)
  • the width of the current block is cbWidth
  • the height of the current block is cbHeight
  • the coordinates of the neighboring blocks on the left can be (xCb-1, yCb + cbHeight-1 ).
  • the coordinates of the upper neighboring block may be (xCb + cbWidth-1, yCb-1 ).
  • the encoding device and the decoding device determine the value of the first intra prediction candidate. It can be determined as a value (eg 0) indicating the planner mode.
  • the encoding and decoding apparatuses may determine a value of the first intra prediction candidate as a value indicating an intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block.
  • the encoding device and the decoding device have a second intra prediction candidate value when the upper neighboring block is a block that is not available, the prediction mode of the upper neighboring block is not an intra prediction mode, or the prediction mode of the upper neighboring block is the MIP mode. May be determined as a value (eg 0) indicating the intra planner mode.
  • the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus may determine a value of the second intra prediction candidate as a value indicating an intra prediction mode of the upper neighboring block.
  • the MPM list may be configured to include five candidate modes.
  • the MPM list may be configured according to the following cases.
  • a first intra prediction candidate is denoted by candIntraPredModeA
  • a second intra prediction candidate is denoted by candIntraPredModeB
  • an MPM list is denoted by candModeList[x].
  • x may be an integer from 0 to 4.
  • Case 2 When the condition of case 1 is not satisfied, the value of the first intra prediction candidate and the value of the second intra prediction candidate are not the same, and the value of the first intra prediction candidate or the value of the second intra prediction candidate is 1 If it is greater than (eg, not in intra planner mode or intra DC mode), the MPM list candModeList[x] may be configured as follows.
  • minAB and maxAB can be calculated as follows.
  • MinAB Min( candIntraPredModeA, candIntraPredModeB)
  • the MPM lists candModeList[0] and candModeList[1] may be configured as follows.
  • candModeList[2] to candModeList[4] may be configured as follows.
  • candModeList[2] to candModeList[4] may be configured as follows.
  • candModeList[2] to candModeList[4] may be configured as follows.
  • candModeList[2] to candModeList[4] may be configured as follows.
  • the MPM list candModeList[x] is It can be configured as follows.
  • the MPM list candModeList[x] may be configured as follows.
  • an MPM list for the current block to which MIP is applied may be separately configured.
  • the MPM list may be referred to by various names such as a MIP MPM list (or an MPM list for MIP, candMipModeList) to distinguish it from the MPM list when MIP is not applied to the current block.
  • a MIP MPM list or an MPM list for MIP, candMipModeList
  • it is expressed as a MIP MPM list for classification, but this may be called an MPM list.
  • the MIP MPM list may include n candidates, for example, n may be 3.
  • the MIP MPM list may be configured based on a left neighboring block and an upper neighboring block of the current block.
  • the left neighboring block may be a block located at the top of the neighboring blocks adjacent to the left boundary of the current block.
  • the upper neighboring block may represent a leftmost block among neighboring blocks adjacent to the upper boundary of the current block. For example, when the coordinates of the current block are (xCb, yCb), the coordinates of the left neighboring block may be (xCb-1, yCb), and the coordinates of the upper neighboring block may be (xCb, yCb-1).
  • the left neighboring block may be a block located at the bottom of the neighboring blocks adjacent to the left boundary of the current block.
  • the upper neighboring block may represent a block located at the rightmost among neighboring blocks adjacent to the upper boundary of the current block.
  • the first candidate intra prediction mode When MIP is applied to the left neighboring block, the first candidate intra prediction mode may be set to be the same as the MIP intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block.
  • the first candidate intra prediction mode may be denoted as candMipModeA.
  • the second candidate intra prediction mode when MIP is applied to the upper neighboring block, the second candidate intra prediction mode may be set to be the same as the MIP intra prediction mode of the upper neighboring block.
  • the second candidate intra prediction mode may be denoted as candMipModeB.
  • a candidate intra prediction mode may be determined by comparing the sizes of the current block and the neighboring block. For example, when MIP is applied to the left neighboring block and the block size type of the left neighboring block is the same as the block size type of the current block, the first candidate intra prediction mode (eg candMipModeA) is the MIP intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block. It can be set the same as the prediction mode. In addition, when MIP is applied to the upper neighboring block and the block size type of the upper neighboring block is the same as the block size type of the current block, the second candidate intra prediction mode (eg candMipModeB) is the MIP intra prediction of the upper neighboring block. It can be set the same as the mode.
  • the first candidate intra prediction mode eg candMipModeA
  • the second candidate intra prediction mode eg candMipModeB
  • candMipModeB is the MIP intra prediction of the upper neighboring block. It can be set the same as the mode.
  • the left neighboring block or the upper neighboring block may be encoded based on intra prediction rather than MIP.
  • the left neighboring block or the upper neighboring block may be encoded in an intra prediction mode other than MIP.
  • a neighboring block to which MIP is not applied may be processed by considering that a predetermined MIP intra prediction mode is applied. For example, if MIP is not applied to the neighboring block, the MIP intra prediction mode of the neighboring block is determined to be a specific MIP intra prediction mode value (eg 0, 1, or 2) to generate a MIP MPM list. I can.
  • a general intra prediction mode of a neighboring block to which MIP is not applied may be mapped to an MIP intra prediction mode based on a mapping table, and may be used for configuring the MIP MPM list.
  • the mapping may be performed based on the block size type of the current block.
  • a mapping table according to an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13 may be used as the mapping table.
  • IntraPredModeY[xNbX][yNbX] represents an intra prediction mode of a neighboring block (left neighboring block/upper neighboring block).
  • the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block may be an intra prediction mode for a luma component (sample).
  • block size type MipSizeId represents a block size type of a neighboring block or a current block. Numbers under the block size type values of 0, 1, and 2 indicate the MIP intra prediction mode to which the general intra prediction mode is mapped in case of each block size type.
  • the block size type 0 may indicate a case in which the block has a size of 4x4 pixels.
  • the block size type 1 may represent a case in which a block has a size of 4x8, 8x4, or 8x8 pixels.
  • the block size type 2 may represent a case in which the block has a size larger than the 8x8 pixel size.
  • the neighboring block (eg, left neighboring block/upper neighboring block) is not available for reasons such as being located outside the current picture or outside the current tile/slice, or even if MIP is applied, the current MIP intra prediction mode that is not available to the block may have been applied.
  • a predefined MIP intra prediction mode may be used as the first candidate intra prediction mode, the second candidate intra prediction mode, and the third candidate intra prediction mode.
  • 14 is a table showing an embodiment of a predetermined MIP intra prediction mode that can be used in this case according to the size of a current block. For example, if all of the MIP intra prediction information of the neighboring block is not available, the MIP MPM list may be generated based on the size of the current block according to the example of FIG. 14.
  • the MIP intra prediction mode of the neighboring block may be obtained.
  • the MIP intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block when the MIP intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block is different from the MIP intra prediction mode of the upper neighboring block, the MIP intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block may be set as the first candidate intra prediction mode.
  • the MIP intra prediction mode of the upper neighboring block may be set as a second candidate intra prediction mode. Accordingly, the first candidate (eg candMipModeList[0]) of the MIP MPM list may be set as the MIP intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block, and the second candidate (eg candMipModeList[1]) of the MIP MPM list is It may be set to the MIP intra prediction mode.
  • the order of intra prediction candidates in the MIP list may be changed. For example, the MIP intra prediction mode of the upper neighboring block is put as the first candidate (ex.candMipModeList[0]) of the MIP MPM list, and the MIP intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block is the second candidate of the MIP MPM list (ex. You can also put it in candMipModeList[1]).
  • the third candidate intra prediction mode a predetermined MIP intra prediction mode according to FIG. 14 may be used.
  • the third candidate intra prediction mode of FIG. 14 may be used as the second candidate (ex. candMipModeList[2]) of the MIP MPM list.
  • the third candidate intra prediction mode may be determined as a first candidate intra prediction mode and a second candidate intra prediction mode and a non-overlapping MIP intra prediction mode, which is in the order of the MIP intra prediction modes shown in FIG. 14. Can be determined accordingly.
  • the first candidate intra prediction mode of FIG. 14 is not used for the first and second candidates of the MIP MPM list
  • the first candidate intra prediction mode of FIG. 14 is the third candidate of the MIP MPM list (ex. CandMipModeList[2]).
  • the second candidate intra prediction mode of FIG. 15 is not used for the first and second candidates of the MIP MPM list
  • the second candidate intra prediction mode of FIG. 14 is 3 of the MIP MPM list.
  • the third candidate intra prediction mode of FIG. 14 may be used as the third candidate (ex. candMipModeList[2]) of the MIP MPM list.
  • one of the MIP intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block and the MIP intra prediction mode of the upper neighboring block is 1 of the MIP MPM list.
  • the second candidate (ex. candMipModeList[0]) can be entered, and the second candidate (ex. candMipModeList[1]) and the third candidate of the MIP MPM list (ex. candMipModeList[2]) of the MIP MPM list are described above.
  • predetermined MIP intra prediction modes may be used.
  • the MIP intra prediction mode of the current block may be derived based on the MIP MPM list.
  • the MPM flag that may be included in the intra prediction mode information for the MIP may be referred to as intra_mip_mpm_flag
  • the MPM index may be referred to as intra_mip_mpm_idx
  • the remaining intra prediction mode information may be referred to as intra_mip_mpm_remainder.
  • the intra prediction mode signaling procedure in the encoding apparatus and the intra prediction mode determination procedure in the decoding apparatus may be performed, for example, as follows.
  • the encoding apparatus may configure an MPM list for the current block (S1510).
  • the encoding apparatus may determine an intra prediction mode of the current block (S1520).
  • the encoding apparatus may perform prediction based on various intra prediction modes, and may determine an optimal intra prediction mode based on rate-distortion optimization (RDO) based thereon.
  • RDO rate-distortion optimization
  • the encoding apparatus may determine the optimal intra prediction mode using only MPM candidates configured in the MPM list, or further use the remaining intra prediction modes as well as the MPM candidates configured in the MPM list. It is also possible to determine the intra prediction mode. For example, if the intra prediction type of the current block is a specific type other than the normal intra prediction type (for example, LIP, MRL, or ISP), the encoding apparatus may use only the MPM candidates in the intra prediction mode for the current block.
  • the intra prediction type of the current block is a specific type other than the normal intra prediction type (for example, LIP, MRL, or ISP)
  • the encoding apparatus may use only the MPM candidates in the intra prediction mode for the current
  • the optimal intra prediction mode may be determined by considering candidates.
  • the intra prediction mode for the current block may be determined only among the MPM candidates, and in this case, the mpm flag may not be encoded/signaled.
  • the decoding apparatus may estimate that the mpm flag is 1 without separately signaling the mpm flag.
  • the encoding apparatus may encode the intra prediction mode information and output it in the form of a bitstream (S1530).
  • the encoding apparatus may signal whether the intra prediction mode of the current block is the intra planar mode by encoding information indicating whether the intra prediction mode of the current block is not the intra planar mode (e.g. intra_luma_not_planar_flag).
  • intra_luma_not_planar_flag e.g. intra_luma_not_planar_flag
  • the encoding apparatus may set the value of intra_luma_not_planar_flag to the first value (e.g. 0).
  • the encoding apparatus may set the value of intra_luma_not_planar_flag as the second value (e.g. 1).
  • the encoding device determines whether or not BDPCM (Block-based Delta Pulse Code Modulation) is applied to the current block, and the application direction.
  • the intra prediction mode can be determined and signaled.
  • the encoding apparatus may determine the intra prediction mode according to the BDPCM application direction. For example, the encoding apparatus may determine the intra prediction mode as the horizontal or vertical mode in the same direction based on whether the BDPCM application direction is either a horizontal direction or a vertical direction.
  • the encoding apparatus may signal the intra prediction mode of the current block by encoding and signaling information indicating whether BDPCM is applied to the current block (intra_bdpcm_flag) and information indicating the application direction of BDPCM (intra_bdpcm_dir_flag).
  • the signaling of the mpm flag may be omitted.
  • the prediction mode of the current block is not an intra planner mode and BDPCM is not applied
  • the above-described mpm flag eg intra_luma_mpm_flag
  • an mpm index eg intra_luma_mpm_idx
  • a remaining intra prediction mode is applied to signal the intra prediction mode.
  • Intra prediction mode information including prediction mode information (eg intra_luma_mpm_remainder) may be encoded.
  • the mpm index and the remaining intra prediction mode information indicate an intra prediction mode for one block in an alternative relationship to each other, they may not be signaled at the same time.
  • an mpm flag value of 1 and an mpm index may be signaled together, or an mpm flag value of 0 and information about a remanufacturing intra prediction mode may be signaled together.
  • the mpm flag may not be signaled and only the mpm index may be signaled. That is, in this case, the intra prediction mode information may include only the mpm index.
  • the encoding apparatus may generate an mpm index (e.g. intra_luma_mpm_idx) indicating one of the MPM candidates. If the intra prediction mode of the current block is not in the MPM list, remaining intra prediction mode information indicating the same mode as the intra prediction mode of the current block among the remaining intra prediction modes not included in the MPM list (eg intra_luma_mpm_remainder) can be created.
  • intra_luma_mpm_idx e.g. intra_luma_mpm_idx
  • the encoding apparatus when encoding the intra prediction mode (eg IntraPredModeY) of the current block with intra_luma_mpm_remainder, the encoding apparatus first subtracts 1 from IntraPredModeY, and arranges the intra prediction modes included in the MPM list in descending order of the intra prediction mode value. And, while comparing the value of IntraPredModeY from candModeList[ 0] to candModeList[ 4 ], if the value of IntraPredModeY-1 is less than the value of candModeList[], decrease the value of IntraPredModeY by 1 by intra_luma_mpm_remainder. Can be determined by
  • the encoding apparatus may generate an MPM list for the MIP mode and encode the current block as described above.
  • MPM encoding information for the MIP mode may be signaled.
  • the MPM flag may be signaled as intra_mip_mpm_flag
  • the MPM index may be signaled as intra_mip_mpm_idx
  • the remaining intra prediction mode information may be signaled as intra_mip_mpm_remainder.
  • the decoding apparatus may determine an intra prediction mode in response to intra prediction mode information determined and signaled by the encoding apparatus.
  • the decoding apparatus may obtain intra prediction mode information from a bitstream (S1610).
  • the intra prediction mode information may include at least one of an mpm flag, an mpm index, and a remaining intra prediction mode.
  • the decoding apparatus may configure an MPM list (S1620).
  • the MPM list may be configured in the same way as the MPM list configured in the encoding device. That is, the MPM list may include intra prediction modes of neighboring blocks, or may further include specific intra prediction modes according to a predetermined method.
  • the decoding apparatus may determine whether the intra prediction mode of the current block is the intra planar mode based on information indicating whether the intra prediction mode of the current block is not the intra planar mode (e.g. intra_luma_not_planar_flag). If the value of the intra_luma_not_planar_flag is the first value (e.g. 0), the decoding apparatus may determine that the intra prediction mode of the current block is the intra planar mode. Meanwhile, if the value of the intra_luma_not_planar_flag is the second value (e.g. 1), the decoding apparatus may determine that the intra prediction mode of the current block is not the intra planar mode.
  • intra_luma_not_planar_flag is the first value (e.g. 0)
  • the decoding apparatus determines whether or not BDPCM (Block-based Delta Pulse Code Modulation) is applied to the current block and the application direction.
  • the intra prediction mode can be determined.
  • the decoding apparatus is information indicating the application direction of the BDPCM obtained from the bitstream (intra_bdpcm_dir_flag) Based on the BDPCM application direction in either a horizontal direction or a vertical direction may be determined.
  • the intra prediction mode may be determined as a horizontal or vertical mode in the same direction as the determined BDPCM application direction.
  • the decoding apparatus may generate the MPM list in the manner described above to determine the intra prediction mode.
  • the MPM list may be determined based on an intra prediction mode of a neighboring block of the current block.
  • the decoding apparatus may determine the MPM list based on the intra prediction mode of the upper neighboring block and the left neighboring block of the current block.
  • the decoding apparatus includes an MPM list based on a first intra prediction candidate determined based on an intra prediction mode of a left neighboring block and a second intra prediction candidate determined based on an intra prediction mode of an upper neighboring block. Can be determined.
  • the decoding apparatus may determine whether to determine the intra prediction mode of the current block by using the MPM list (S1630). For example, when the value of the mpm flag is 1, the decoding apparatus may derive a candidate indicated by the mpm index from among MPM candidates in the MPM list as the intra prediction mode of the current block. For example, the decoding apparatus may determine the intra prediction mode of the current block according to the value of intra_luma_mpm_idx, which is an mpm index. For example, the decoding apparatus may determine candModeList[intra_luma_mpm_idx] as the intra prediction mode of the current block.
  • the decoding apparatus selects an intra prediction mode indicated by the remaining intra prediction mode information among the remaining intra prediction modes not included in the MPM list as the intra prediction mode of the current block. It can be derived (S1640).
  • the decoding apparatus may determine the intra prediction mode (e.g. IntraPredModeY) of the current block based on the remaining intra prediction mode information (e.g. intra_luma_mpm_remainder) indicating the intra prediction mode of the current block. For example, the decoding device may set the value of IntraPredModeY to intra_luma_mpm_remainder + 1.
  • IntraPredModeY intra_luma_mpm_remainder + 1.
  • the decoding apparatus sorts the intra prediction modes included in the MPM list in ascending order of the intra prediction mode values, and compares the values of IntraPredModeY from candModeList[ 0] to candModeList[ 4 ], while the IntraPredModeY value is candModeList If it is smaller than the value of [], the value of IntraPredModeY indicating the intra prediction mode of the current block may be determined by increasing the value of IntraPredModeY by one.
  • the decoding apparatus is a candidate indicated by the mpm index in the MPM list without checking the mpm flag. May be derived as the intra prediction mode of the current block.
  • the decoding apparatus may generate an MPM list for the MIP mode and decode the current block as described above.
  • MPM encoding information for the MIP mode may be obtained through a bitstream.
  • the MPM flag may be obtained as intra_mip_mpm_flag
  • the MPM index may be obtained as intra_mip_mpm_idx
  • the remanufacturing intra prediction mode information may be obtained as intra_mip_mpm_remainder.
  • an MPM list for the general intra prediction mode or the MPM list for the MIP mode may be generated based on information of neighboring blocks.
  • the neighboring block may include a left neighboring block and an upper neighboring block of the current block.
  • the general intra prediction mode may mean an intra prediction mode other than the MIP mode.
  • the general intra prediction mode may mean an intra planner mode, an intra DC mode, and a directional intra prediction mode.
  • the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block is used to generate an MPM list of the current block using prediction information of the neighboring block.
  • the prediction mode is a need to map the prediction mode to the MIP mode.
  • the general intra prediction mode is applied to the current block, but when the MIP mode is applied to the neighboring block, the MIP mode of the neighboring block is changed to the general intra prediction mode in order to generate the MPM list of the current block using prediction information of the neighboring block. There is a need to map.
  • the MIP mode has a problem in that it is difficult to perform 1:1 mapping between the general intra prediction mode and the MIP mode in that it can have various number of prediction modes according to the luma block size as follows.
  • Luma block size MipSizeId Number of MIP modes available Matrix data used Block width> 4 * block height None 0 MIP modes none Block height> 4 * block width None 0 MIP modes none 4x4 luma block 0 35 MIP modes 18 16x4 matrices and 18 16x1 bias matrices 4x8, 8x4, 8x8 luma blocks One 19 MIP modes 10 16x8 matrices and 10 16x1 bias matrices Other luma blocks 2 11 MIP modes 6 64x8 matrices and 6 16x1 bias matrices
  • one matrix data may be allocated for every two pairs of MIP modes for MIP modes other than the 0th MIP mode.
  • matrix data may be allocated for each mode number according to the following equation.
  • selected_matrix mip_mode> floor ((numModes-1) / 2)? (mip_mode-floor(numModes/2)): mip_mode
  • selected_matrx means an index representing matrix data selected according to the MIP mode.
  • mip_mode refers to the index of the current MIP mode.
  • numModes means the total number of MIP modes available in the current luma block.
  • the floor function refers to a descending function.
  • MIP mode 2 and MIP mode 19 perform MIP prediction using matrix data 2 .
  • the matrix data is 10 bits, about 8K byte of memory is required. In addition, when the matrix data is 8 bits, a memory of about 6.3K byte is required. Since such data must always be provided to perform the MIP mode when implementing hardware, it leads to an increase in cost when implementing hardware.
  • the encoding apparatus needs to check encoding efficiency for up to 35 MIP modes for each block to which the MIP mode is applied in order to select an optimal MIP mode.
  • each luma block has a different number of available MIP modes, it is necessary to select the MIP mode according to the size of the current block after checking the block size to which the MIP is applied, so an algorithm for encoding and decoding in the MIP mode.
  • mapping between the MIP mode and the general intra prediction mode can be performed through a mapping table as shown in FIGS. 9 and 13 in order to interpolate and map the two. have. For example, when referring to a neighboring block to generate an MPM list of the current block encoded in the general intra mode, if the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block is the MIP mode, in order to map the MIP mode of the neighboring block to the intra prediction mode , As shown in FIG. 17, an MPM list should be created.
  • the encoding and decoding apparatuses may identify that the prediction mode of the current block is a general intra prediction mode (S1710), and identify that the prediction mode of the neighboring block is the MIP mode (S1720).
  • the encoding and decoding apparatuses may check whether the neighboring block is a 4x4 luma block (S1730).
  • the encoding and decoding apparatuses may determine a general intra prediction mode corresponding to the MIP mode of the neighboring block according to a method of mapping 35 MIP modes of FIG. 9 to 67 intra modes ( S1740).
  • the encoding and decoding apparatuses may determine whether the neighboring block is a 4x8, 8x4, or 8x8 luma block (S1750).
  • the encoding and decoding apparatuses use a general intra prediction mode corresponding to the MIP mode of the neighboring block according to a method of mapping 19 MIP modes of FIG. 9 to 67 intra modes. It can be determined (S1760).
  • the encoding device and the decoding device use a general intra corresponding to the MIP mode of the neighboring block according to the method of mapping the 11 MIP modes of FIG. 9 to 67 intra modes.
  • a prediction mode may be determined (S1770).
  • the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus may generate an MPM list of the current block according to the method described above with the determined general intra prediction mode (S1780).
  • steps S1810 to S1880 should be performed as shown in FIG. 18.
  • the encoding and decoding apparatuses may identify that the prediction mode of the current block is the MIP mode (S1810), and identify that the prediction mode of the neighboring block is the general intra prediction mode (S1820).
  • the encoding and decoding apparatuses may check whether the neighboring block is a 4x4 luma block (S1830).
  • the encoding and decoding apparatuses may determine a MIP mode corresponding to the general intra prediction mode of the neighboring block according to a method of mapping 67 general intra prediction modes of FIG. 13 to 35 MIP modes. Yes (S1840).
  • the encoding and decoding apparatuses may check whether the neighboring block is a 4x8, 8x4, or 8x8 luma block (S1850).
  • the encoding and decoding apparatuses use MIP corresponding to the general intra prediction mode of the neighboring block according to the method of mapping 67 general intra prediction modes of FIG. 13 to 19 intra modes.
  • the mode can be determined (S1860).
  • the encoding device and the decoding device use the method of mapping 67 general intra prediction modes to 11 intra modes of FIG.
  • a corresponding MIP mode may be determined (S1870).
  • the encoding device and the decoding device may generate an MPM list of the current block according to the method described above in the determined MIP mode (S1880).
  • mapping is performed in this way, as the correlation between the MIP mode and the intra prediction mode occurs, a size comparison between the current block and the neighboring block must be performed, and additional memory for storing the mapping table is required. It impairs encoding and decoding performance.
  • the encoding/decoding apparatus may always perform MIP using a predetermined number of MIP modes regardless of a block size. For example, the encoding/decoding apparatus according to an embodiment may always perform MIP using 11 MIP modes regardless of a block size. By processing in this way, the encoding/decoding apparatus can select the MIP mode regardless of the size of the current block without selecting the MIP mode according to the size of the current block. Also, as the number of MIP modes decreases, the matrix data for this also decreases. In addition, when an MPM list having three default MPM candidates is used, 3-bit fixed length coding can be performed to signal eight non-MPM modes (e.g. modes other than the default MPM candidates).
  • the MIP mode can be configured with 6 matrix data in order to further reduce matrix data.
  • the 6 matrix data is the probability of being selected to perform MIP during encoding and/or decoding among 18 previously used (eg when MipSizeId is 0) and/or 10 matrix data (eg when MipSizeId is 1). Alternatively, it may be the top 6 matrix data selected in the order of the selected frequency.
  • MipSizeId is 0, if matrix data 0, 3, 5, 9, 15, 17 of the existing 18 matrix data is the most selected matrix data based on the existing encoding and/or decoding history, This can be selected as matrix data used when MipSizeId is 0.
  • MipSizeId is 1, if 0, 1, 3, 6, 8, 9 matrix data among 10 existing matrix data is the most selected matrix data based on the existing encoding and/or decoding history, this is MipSizeId. When is 1, it can be selected as the matrix data to be used.
  • the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus may perform mapping of the MIP mode to the general intra mode with reference to FIG. 19.
  • the encoding device and the decoding device may perform mapping of the general intra mode to the MIP mode with reference to FIG. 20.
  • the encoding device and the decoding device may configure a default MPM list for MIP with reference to FIG. 21.
  • the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus may perform mapping of the MIP mode to the general intra mode regardless of the block size with reference to FIG. 22.
  • the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus may perform mapping of the general intra mode to the MIP mode regardless of the block size with reference to FIG. 23.
  • the encoding device and the decoding device may configure a default MPM list for MIP regardless of the block size with reference to FIG. 24.
  • FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating a method of generating an MPM list by mapping MIP modes of neighboring blocks to a general intra prediction mode using the mapping table of FIG. 19 in the case of using 11 MIP modes according to the above description.
  • steps S1740, S1760 and S1770 in the description with reference to FIG. 17 show a general intra mode corresponding to the MIP mode of a neighboring block among 11 MIP modes using 6 matrix data (16x4).
  • Determining using the mapping table of (S1741) determining a general intra mode corresponding to the MIP mode of the neighboring block among 11 MIP modes using 6 matrix data (16x8) using the mapping table of FIG. 19
  • the general intra mode corresponding to the MIP mode of the neighboring block among 11 MIP modes using (S1761) and 6 matrix data (64x8) is determined by using the mapping table of FIG. 19 (S1771). I can.
  • FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating a method of generating an MPM list by mapping a general intra prediction mode of a neighboring block to an MIP mode using the mapping table of FIG. 20 in the case of using 11 MIP modes as described above. .
  • steps S1840, S1860 and S1870 in the description with reference to FIG. 18 correspond to the general intra prediction mode of the neighboring block according to FIG. 20 among 11 MIP modes using 6 matrix data (16x4).
  • Determining a MIP mode (S1841), determining a MIP mode corresponding to a general intra prediction mode of a neighboring block from among 11 MIP modes using 6 matrix data (16x8) (S1861) and 6 Among the 11 MIP modes using matrix data (64x8), the MIP mode corresponding to the general intra prediction mode of the neighboring block is determined according to FIG. 20 (S1871).
  • FIG. 27 is a case in which 11 MIP modes are used without discriminating the size of blocks according to the above description, by mapping the MIP modes of neighboring blocks to the general intra prediction mode using the mapping table of FIG. It is a figure explaining the method of generating.
  • steps S1730, S1740, S1750, S1760, and S1770 in the description with reference to FIG. 17 map the general intra mode corresponding to the MIP mode of the neighboring block using the mapping table of FIG. It may be performed by substituting the step (S1742) of determining a general intra prediction mode corresponding to the mode.
  • FIG. 28 illustrates an MPM list by mapping a general intra prediction mode of a neighboring block to an MIP mode using the mapping table of FIG. 23 in the case of using 11 MIP modes without discriminating the size of a block according to the above description. It is a figure explaining the method of generating. As the used MIP mode is changed, steps S1830, S1840, S1850, S1860, and S1870 in the description with reference to FIG. 18 map the MIP mode corresponding to the general intra prediction mode of the neighboring block using the mapping table of FIG. 23. Accordingly, the MIP mode corresponding to the general intra prediction mode may be determined in step S1842.
  • mapping table and the default MPM list may be changed by reducing the number of MIP modes, and the mapping table and the default MPM list may be adaptively changed according to the selected matrix data due to the reduction of the MIP mode.
  • MIP may be performed in a luma block.
  • Example 1 Always use 9 MIP modes when predicting MIP
  • a truncated binary coding method may be used for encoding and decoding using 6 or 5 non-MPM modes excluding 3 default MPM candidates, or 3 Encoding and decoding may be performed using trunked binary coding for 9 or 8 MIP modes including all of the default MPM candidates.
  • Modified Embodiment 1 when the existing 35 and 19 MIP modes are reduced to 9 MIP modes, 18 (eg, the MIP mode of 35 because MipSizeId is 0 is used to more effectively reduce matrix data) ) And 10 (eg, when the MIP mode of 19 is used because MipSizeId is 1), only 5 matrix data can be selected.
  • the selected matrix data may be the top 5 matrix data having the highest probability or frequency of selection of each matrix data in order to perform MIP during encoding and/or decoding among 18 and 10 matrix data.
  • the existing 35 and 19 MIP modes are reduced to 8 MIP modes, 18 (eg, the MIP mode of 35 because MipSizeId is 0 is used to more effectively reduce matrix data)
  • 18 eg, the MIP mode of 35 because MipSizeId is 0 is used to more effectively reduce matrix data
  • 10 eg, when the MIP mode of 19 is used because MipSizeId is 1
  • the selected matrix data may be the top four matrix data having the highest probability or frequency of selection of each matrix data in order to perform MIP during encoding and/or decoding among 18 and 10 matrix data.
  • the top 3 matrix data having the highest probability of selecting matrix data or the selected frequency may be utilized in the same manner as above. .
  • the encoding/decoding apparatus may use fewer MIP modes than the above-described MIP mode utilization example.
  • the encoding/decoding apparatus may use 6 MIP modes when MipSizeId is 0, 6 MIP modes when MipSizeId is 1, and 8 MIP modes when MipSizeId is 2. Accordingly, a smaller number of matrix data for applying the MIP mode can be maintained, and only the remaining MIP modes excluding the three default MPM candidates can be signaled by trunked binary coding.
  • the encoding apparatus can select the MIP mode for the current block with lower algorithm complexity than the case of using the 35/19/11 MIP modes for each block size.
  • the matrix data used when using 6/6/8 MIP modes as above is used as shown in the table below. Only half can be used with 3/4.
  • the matrix data may be selected from existing matrix data.
  • some matrix data may be selected from among the matrix data used in the example of Table 3, and matrix data may be configured as in the example of Table 4.
  • matrix data may be configured as in the example of Table 4.
  • MipSizeId is 0, out of 19 matrix data in the embodiment of Table 3
  • matrix data 5, 9, and 17 can be used
  • MipSizeId is 1, 10 in the embodiment of Table 3
  • matrix data 1, 3, and 8 can be used, and when MipSizeId is 2, matrix data 1, 2, 3, and 5 of the 6 matrix data in the embodiment of Table 3 are used.
  • the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus may perform MIP using the 5th matrix data as matrix data of the 0th and 3rd MIP modes.
  • the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus may perform MIP by using the 9th matrix data as the 1st and 4th MIP mode matrix data.
  • the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus may perform MIP by using the 17th matrix data as matrix data of the 2nd and 5th MIP modes.
  • the encoding device and the decoding device use matrix data 1 as matrix data in the 0 and 3 MIP modes, and matrix data 3 as the matrix data in the 1 and 4 MIP modes. And, it is possible to perform MIP using matrix data of number 8 as matrix data of the 2nd and 5th MIP modes.
  • the encoding device and the decoding device use the 1st matrix data as the 0 and 4th MIP mode matrix data, and the 2nd matrix data as the 1st and 5th MIP mode matrix data.
  • MIP may be performed using matrix data 3 as matrix data in MIP modes 2 and 6, and matrix data 5 as matrix data in MIP modes 3 and 7.
  • Table mapping and initial values according to the above embodiment may be used as shown in FIGS. 31 to 33.
  • the result of the coding rate experiment according to the embodiment is measured as shown in FIG. 34.
  • FIGS. 31 to 33 by applying 6/6/8 MIP modes by size to all blocks to which MIP is applied, it is possible to significantly reduce the complexity of the algorithm while reducing matrix data by 53% compared to the existing configuration. On the other hand, it can be seen that the coding loss is not large.
  • the encoding/decoding apparatus may use 6 MIP modes when MipSizeId is 0, 7 MIP modes when MipSizeId is 1, and 8 MIP modes when MipSizeId is 2. Accordingly, it is possible to maintain a smaller number of matrix data for applying the MIP mode, and only the remaining 3/4/5/5 MIP modes excluding the 3 default MPM candidates can be signaled by trunked binary coding.
  • the matrix data may be selected from existing matrix data.
  • some matrix data is selected from among the matrix data used in the embodiment of Table 3 to configure matrix data as in the embodiment of Table 5
  • MipSizeId is 0, 19 matrices in the embodiment of Table 3
  • matrix data 5, 9, and 17 can be used, and if MipSizeId is 1, matrix data 0, 1, 3, and 8 of the 10 matrix data in the embodiment of Table 3 can be used.
  • the MipSizeId is 2, the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 5th matrix data among the 6 matrix data in the embodiment of Table 3 can be used.
  • the encoding device and the decoding device use the 5th matrix data as the matrix data of the 0th and 3rd MIP modes, the 9th matrix data as the matrix data of the 1st and 4th MIP modes, and the 2nd and 5th MIP can be performed using matrix data No. 17 as matrix data in MIP mode.
  • the encoding device and the decoding device use matrix data 0 as matrix data in MIP mode 0, matrix data 1 as matrix data in MIP modes 1 and 4, and use 2 MIP can be performed using matrix data 3 as matrix data in MIP modes No. 3 and 5, and matrix data 8 as matrix data in MIP modes 3 and 6.
  • the encoding device and the decoding device use the 1st matrix data as the 0 and 4th MIP mode matrix data, and the 2nd matrix data as the 1st and 5th MIP mode matrix data.
  • MIP may be performed using matrix data 3 as matrix data in MIP modes 2 and 6, and matrix data 5 as matrix data in MIP modes 3 and 7.
  • Table mapping and initial values according to the above embodiment may be generated and used similarly to FIGS. 31 to 33.
  • matrix data corresponding thereto may be changed and used as follows.
  • the encoding/decoding apparatus uses 35 MIP modes, but can use 0 to 5 matrix data
  • the MipSizeId is 1, 19 MIP modes are used, and 0 to 5 Matrix data can be used
  • the actual number of MIP modes used for each block size can be adjusted to 0 to 10.
  • the amount of memory for storing matrix data can be reduced.
  • the combination of the number of MIP modes and matrix data according to Table 6 can be made up of the number of different matrix data used for each block size. For example, the number of matrix data used in some MipSizeId may be 0.
  • MIP prediction may not be performed in the luma block corresponding to the corresponding MipSizeId.
  • the matrix data can be adaptively utilized according to the size of the memory used for hardware implementation of the encoding device and the decoding device.
  • the decoding apparatus includes a memory and at least one processor, and the at least one processor may perform the following decoding method.
  • the decoding apparatus may obtain image segmentation information from the bitstream (S3510).
  • the decoding apparatus may determine a current block by segmenting the image based on the segmentation information (S3520).
  • the decoding apparatus sets the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block to a predetermined number of matrix-based intra prediction modes based on the matrix-based intra prediction mode information of the current block. You can select from them (S3530).
  • the predetermined number of intra prediction modes may be determined to be a fixed value regardless of the size of the current block.
  • the predetermined number is 11, and three of the 11 matrix-based intra prediction modes may be included in the MPM list.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode information may include information indicating whether the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is included in the MPM list.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode information further includes a first indicator indicating one of three matrix-based intra prediction modes included in the MPM list. Can include.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode information indicates one of eight matrix-based intra prediction modes not included in the MPM list. 2 may further include an indicator.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode included in the MPM list is derived based on a prediction mode of a neighboring block located around the current block, and when the prediction mode of the neighboring block is a non-matrix-based intra prediction mode, the The MPM list is generated based on a matrix-based intra prediction mode corresponding to the prediction mode of the neighboring block, and the matrix-based intra prediction mode corresponding to the prediction mode of the neighboring block includes 11 matrix-based intra prediction modes and 67 non- It may be determined based on mapping information between matrix-based intra prediction modes.
  • the predetermined number may be nine.
  • three of the nine matrix-based intra prediction modes are included in the MPM list, and the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is determined whether the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is included in the MPM list. Includes information indicating whether or not, and when the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is included in the MPM list, the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is one of three matrix-based intra prediction modes included in the MPM list. It may further include a first indicator indicating to.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode information indicates one of six matrix-based intra prediction modes not included in the MPM list. 2 may further include an indicator.
  • the predetermined number may be six.
  • three of the six matrix-based intra prediction modes are included in the MPM list, and the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is determined whether the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is included in the MPM list. Includes information indicating whether or not, and when the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is included in the MPM list, the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is one of three matrix-based intra prediction modes included in the MPM list. It may further include a first indicator indicating to.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode information indicates one of three matrix-based intra prediction modes not included in the MPM list. 2 may further include an indicator.
  • the predetermined number may be preset for each size of the current block. For example, when the size of the current block is the first block size, the predetermined number may be 6, and when the size of the current block is the second block size, the predetermined number may be 8.
  • three of the eight matrix-based intra prediction modes may be included in an MPM list, and other intra prediction modes may be signaled separately.
  • the predetermined number when the size of the current block is a first block size and when the size of the current block is a second block size is a different value. Can have. Nevertheless, when the size of the current block is the first block size and the size of the current block is the second block size, the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block may be derived based on the same matrix data. . In this case, the first block size may be smaller than the second block size.
  • the predetermined number when the size of the current block is the first block size, the predetermined number may be 35, and when the size of the current block is the second block size, the predetermined number may be 19. Nevertheless, in both cases, the matrix data may consist of 0 to 5 matrix data.
  • the decoding apparatus may perform prediction of the current block based on the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block (S3540).
  • An encoding apparatus includes a memory and at least one processor, and the at least one processor may perform the following encoding method.
  • the encoding apparatus may determine a current block by dividing the image (S3610). For example, the encoding apparatus may determine the current block by dividing the image using the partitioning method described above. Next, the encoding apparatus may determine a matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block based on a predetermined number of matrix-based intra prediction modes (S3620). For example, the encoding apparatus may determine the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block based on the method of performing MIP described above. Next, the encoding apparatus may encode the matrix-based intra prediction mode information of the current block based on the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block (S3630).
  • the encoding apparatus may perform encoding on a predetermined number of matrix-based intra prediction modes and matrix-based intra prediction information so as to correspond to the decoding performed by the decoding apparatus.
  • a predetermined number of matrix-based intra prediction modes may be determined to be a fixed value regardless of the size of the current block.
  • the predetermined number is 11, and among the 11 matrix-based intra prediction modes, three matrix-based intra prediction modes may be included in the MPM list.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode information may include information indicating whether the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is included in the MPM list.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode information further includes a first indicator indicating one of three matrix-based intra prediction modes included in the MPM list. Can include.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode information indicates one of eight matrix-based intra prediction modes not included in the MPM list. 2 may further include an indicator.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode included in the MPM list is derived based on a prediction mode of a neighboring block located around the current block, and when the prediction mode of the neighboring block is a non-matrix-based intra prediction mode, the The MPM list is generated based on a matrix-based intra prediction mode corresponding to the prediction mode of the neighboring block, and the matrix-based intra prediction mode corresponding to the prediction mode of the neighboring block includes 11 matrix-based intra prediction modes and 67 non- It may be determined based on mapping information between matrix-based intra prediction modes.
  • the predetermined number of matrix-based intra prediction modes may be nine. At this time, three of the nine matrix-based intra prediction modes are included in the MPM list, and the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is determined whether the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is included in the MPM list. Includes information indicating whether or not, and when the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is included in the MPM list, the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is one of three matrix-based intra prediction modes included in the MPM list. It may further include a first indicator indicating to.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode information indicates one of six matrix-based intra prediction modes not included in the MPM list. 2 may further include an indicator.
  • the predetermined number of matrix-based intra prediction modes may be six.
  • three of the six matrix-based intra prediction modes are included in the MPM list, and the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is determined whether the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is included in the MPM list. Includes information indicating whether or not, and when the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block is included in the MPM list, the matrix-based intra prediction mode information is one of three matrix-based intra prediction modes included in the MPM list. It may further include a first indicator indicating to.
  • the matrix-based intra prediction mode information indicates one of three matrix-based intra prediction modes not included in the MPM list. 2 may further include an indicator.
  • the predetermined number may be preset for each size of the current block. For example, when the size of the current block is the first block size, the predetermined number may be 6, and when the size of the current block is the second block size, the predetermined number may be 8.
  • the predetermined number when the size of the current block is a first block size and when the size of the current block is a second block size is a different value. Can have. Nevertheless, when the size of the current block is the first block size and the size of the current block is the second block size, the matrix-based intra prediction mode of the current block may be derived based on the same matrix data. . In this case, the first block size may be smaller than the second block size.
  • the predetermined number when the size of the current block is the first block size, the predetermined number may be 35, and when the size of the current block is the second block size, the predetermined number may be 19. Nevertheless, in both cases, the matrix data may consist of 0 to 5 matrix data.
  • exemplary methods of the present disclosure are expressed as a series of operations for clarity of description, but this is not intended to limit the order in which steps are performed, and each step may be performed simultaneously or in a different order if necessary.
  • the illustrative steps may include additional steps, other steps may be included excluding some steps, or may include additional other steps excluding some steps.
  • an image encoding apparatus or an image decoding apparatus performing a predetermined operation may perform an operation (step) of confirming an execution condition or situation of the operation (step). For example, when it is described that a predetermined operation is performed when a predetermined condition is satisfied, the video encoding apparatus or the video decoding apparatus performs an operation to check whether the predetermined condition is satisfied, and then performs the predetermined operation. I can.
  • various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
  • one or more ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSPs Digital Signal Processors
  • DSPDs Digital Signal Processing Devices
  • PLDs Programmable Logic Devices
  • FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • general purpose It may be implemented by a processor (general processor), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or the like.
  • the image decoding device and the image encoding device to which the embodiment of the present disclosure is applied include a multimedia broadcasting transmission/reception device, a mobile communication terminal, a home cinema video device, a digital cinema video device, a surveillance camera, a video chat device, and a real-time communication device such as video communication.
  • Mobile streaming devices storage media, camcorders, video-on-demand (VoD) service providers, OTT video (Over the top video) devices, Internet streaming service providers, three-dimensional (3D) video devices, video telephony video devices, and medical use. It may be included in a video device or the like, and may be used to process a video signal or a data signal.
  • an OTT video (Over the top video) device may include a game console, a Blu-ray player, an Internet-connected TV, a home theater system, a smartphone, a tablet PC, and a digital video recorder (DVR).
  • DVR digital video recorder
  • FIG. 37 is a diagram illustrating a content streaming system to which an embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • the content streaming system to which the embodiment of the present disclosure is applied may largely include an encoding server, a streaming server, a web server, a media storage device, a user device, and a multimedia input device.
  • the encoding server serves to generate a bitstream by compressing content input from multimedia input devices such as smartphones, cameras, camcorders, etc. into digital data, and transmits it to the streaming server.
  • multimedia input devices such as smartphones, cameras, camcorders, etc. directly generate bitstreams
  • the encoding server may be omitted.
  • the bitstream may be generated by an image encoding method and/or an image encoding apparatus to which an embodiment of the present disclosure is applied, and the streaming server may temporarily store the bitstream in a process of transmitting or receiving the bitstream.
  • the streaming server may transmit multimedia data to a user device based on a user request through a web server, and the web server may serve as an intermediary for notifying the user of a service.
  • the web server transmits the request to the streaming server, and the streaming server may transmit multimedia data to the user.
  • the content streaming system may include a separate control server, and in this case, the control server may play a role of controlling a command/response between devices in the content streaming system.
  • the streaming server may receive content from a media storage and/or encoding server. For example, when content is received from the encoding server, the content may be received in real time. In this case, in order to provide a smooth streaming service, the streaming server may store the bitstream for a predetermined time.
  • Examples of the user device include a mobile phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a digital broadcasting terminal, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), a navigation system, a slate PC, and Tablet PC, ultrabook, wearable device, for example, smartwatch, smart glass, head mounted display (HMD)), digital TV, desktop There may be computers, digital signage, etc.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • PMP portable multimedia player
  • HMD head mounted display
  • TV desktop
  • desktop There may be computers, digital signage, etc.
  • Each server in the content streaming system may be operated as a distributed server, and in this case, data received from each server may be distributedly processed.
  • the scope of the present disclosure is software or machine-executable instructions (e.g., operating systems, applications, firmware, programs, etc.) that cause an operation according to the method of various embodiments to be executed on a device or computer, and such software or It includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium (non-transitory computer-readable medium) which stores instructions and the like and is executable on a device or a computer.
  • a non-transitory computer-readable medium non-transitory computer-readable medium
  • An embodiment according to the present disclosure may be used to encode/decode an image.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de codage et de décodage d'image. Un procédé de décodage d'image mis en œuvre par un dispositif de décodage d'image, selon la présente invention, comprend les étapes suivantes : l'acquisition, à partir d'un flux binaire, d'informations de partition d'une image ; la détermination d'un bloc courant par partitionnement de l'image sur la base des informations de partition ; la sélection, parmi un nombre prédéfini de modes de prédiction intra basée sur une matrice, d'un mode de prédiction intra basée sur une matrice du bloc courant sur la base d'informations de mode de prédiction intra basée sur une matrice du bloc courant, si une prédiction intra basée sur une matrice est appliquée au bloc courant ; et la réalisation d'une prédiction du bloc courant sur la base du mode de prédiction intra basée sur une matrice du bloc courant.
PCT/KR2020/008086 2019-06-20 2020-06-22 Procédé et dispositif de codage et de décodage d'image sur la base d'un mode de prédiction intra basée sur une matrice, et procédé de transmission de flux binaire WO2020256525A1 (fr)

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